xref: /openbmc/linux/block/blk-merge.c (revision 99fee508)
1 /*
2  * Functions related to segment and merge handling
3  */
4 #include <linux/kernel.h>
5 #include <linux/module.h>
6 #include <linux/bio.h>
7 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
8 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
9 
10 #include <trace/events/block.h>
11 
12 #include "blk.h"
13 
14 static struct bio *blk_bio_discard_split(struct request_queue *q,
15 					 struct bio *bio,
16 					 struct bio_set *bs,
17 					 unsigned *nsegs)
18 {
19 	unsigned int max_discard_sectors, granularity;
20 	int alignment;
21 	sector_t tmp;
22 	unsigned split_sectors;
23 
24 	*nsegs = 1;
25 
26 	/* Zero-sector (unknown) and one-sector granularities are the same.  */
27 	granularity = max(q->limits.discard_granularity >> 9, 1U);
28 
29 	max_discard_sectors = min(q->limits.max_discard_sectors, UINT_MAX >> 9);
30 	max_discard_sectors -= max_discard_sectors % granularity;
31 
32 	if (unlikely(!max_discard_sectors)) {
33 		/* XXX: warn */
34 		return NULL;
35 	}
36 
37 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= max_discard_sectors)
38 		return NULL;
39 
40 	split_sectors = max_discard_sectors;
41 
42 	/*
43 	 * If the next starting sector would be misaligned, stop the discard at
44 	 * the previous aligned sector.
45 	 */
46 	alignment = (q->limits.discard_alignment >> 9) % granularity;
47 
48 	tmp = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector + split_sectors - alignment;
49 	tmp = sector_div(tmp, granularity);
50 
51 	if (split_sectors > tmp)
52 		split_sectors -= tmp;
53 
54 	return bio_split(bio, split_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
55 }
56 
57 static struct bio *blk_bio_write_zeroes_split(struct request_queue *q,
58 		struct bio *bio, struct bio_set *bs, unsigned *nsegs)
59 {
60 	*nsegs = 1;
61 
62 	if (!q->limits.max_write_zeroes_sectors)
63 		return NULL;
64 
65 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= q->limits.max_write_zeroes_sectors)
66 		return NULL;
67 
68 	return bio_split(bio, q->limits.max_write_zeroes_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
69 }
70 
71 static struct bio *blk_bio_write_same_split(struct request_queue *q,
72 					    struct bio *bio,
73 					    struct bio_set *bs,
74 					    unsigned *nsegs)
75 {
76 	*nsegs = 1;
77 
78 	if (!q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
79 		return NULL;
80 
81 	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
82 		return NULL;
83 
84 	return bio_split(bio, q->limits.max_write_same_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
85 }
86 
87 static inline unsigned get_max_io_size(struct request_queue *q,
88 				       struct bio *bio)
89 {
90 	unsigned sectors = blk_max_size_offset(q, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
91 	unsigned mask = queue_logical_block_size(q) - 1;
92 
93 	/* aligned to logical block size */
94 	sectors &= ~(mask >> 9);
95 
96 	return sectors;
97 }
98 
99 static struct bio *blk_bio_segment_split(struct request_queue *q,
100 					 struct bio *bio,
101 					 struct bio_set *bs,
102 					 unsigned *segs)
103 {
104 	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv, *bvprvp = NULL;
105 	struct bvec_iter iter;
106 	unsigned seg_size = 0, nsegs = 0, sectors = 0;
107 	unsigned front_seg_size = bio->bi_seg_front_size;
108 	bool do_split = true;
109 	struct bio *new = NULL;
110 	const unsigned max_sectors = get_max_io_size(q, bio);
111 
112 	bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
113 		/*
114 		 * If the queue doesn't support SG gaps and adding this
115 		 * offset would create a gap, disallow it.
116 		 */
117 		if (bvprvp && bvec_gap_to_prev(q, bvprvp, bv.bv_offset))
118 			goto split;
119 
120 		if (sectors + (bv.bv_len >> 9) > max_sectors) {
121 			/*
122 			 * Consider this a new segment if we're splitting in
123 			 * the middle of this vector.
124 			 */
125 			if (nsegs < queue_max_segments(q) &&
126 			    sectors < max_sectors) {
127 				nsegs++;
128 				sectors = max_sectors;
129 			}
130 			if (sectors)
131 				goto split;
132 			/* Make this single bvec as the 1st segment */
133 		}
134 
135 		if (bvprvp && blk_queue_cluster(q)) {
136 			if (seg_size + bv.bv_len > queue_max_segment_size(q))
137 				goto new_segment;
138 			if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(bvprvp, &bv))
139 				goto new_segment;
140 			if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, bvprvp, &bv))
141 				goto new_segment;
142 
143 			seg_size += bv.bv_len;
144 			bvprv = bv;
145 			bvprvp = &bvprv;
146 			sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;
147 
148 			if (nsegs == 1 && seg_size > front_seg_size)
149 				front_seg_size = seg_size;
150 			continue;
151 		}
152 new_segment:
153 		if (nsegs == queue_max_segments(q))
154 			goto split;
155 
156 		nsegs++;
157 		bvprv = bv;
158 		bvprvp = &bvprv;
159 		seg_size = bv.bv_len;
160 		sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;
161 
162 		if (nsegs == 1 && seg_size > front_seg_size)
163 			front_seg_size = seg_size;
164 	}
165 
166 	do_split = false;
167 split:
168 	*segs = nsegs;
169 
170 	if (do_split) {
171 		new = bio_split(bio, sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
172 		if (new)
173 			bio = new;
174 	}
175 
176 	bio->bi_seg_front_size = front_seg_size;
177 	if (seg_size > bio->bi_seg_back_size)
178 		bio->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
179 
180 	return do_split ? new : NULL;
181 }
182 
183 void blk_queue_split(struct request_queue *q, struct bio **bio)
184 {
185 	struct bio *split, *res;
186 	unsigned nsegs;
187 
188 	switch (bio_op(*bio)) {
189 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
190 	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
191 		split = blk_bio_discard_split(q, *bio, q->bio_split, &nsegs);
192 		break;
193 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
194 		split = blk_bio_write_zeroes_split(q, *bio, q->bio_split, &nsegs);
195 		break;
196 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
197 		split = blk_bio_write_same_split(q, *bio, q->bio_split, &nsegs);
198 		break;
199 	default:
200 		split = blk_bio_segment_split(q, *bio, q->bio_split, &nsegs);
201 		break;
202 	}
203 
204 	/* physical segments can be figured out during splitting */
205 	res = split ? split : *bio;
206 	res->bi_phys_segments = nsegs;
207 	bio_set_flag(res, BIO_SEG_VALID);
208 
209 	if (split) {
210 		/* there isn't chance to merge the splitted bio */
211 		split->bi_opf |= REQ_NOMERGE;
212 
213 		bio_chain(split, *bio);
214 		trace_block_split(q, split, (*bio)->bi_iter.bi_sector);
215 		generic_make_request(*bio);
216 		*bio = split;
217 	}
218 }
219 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_queue_split);
220 
221 static unsigned int __blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request_queue *q,
222 					     struct bio *bio,
223 					     bool no_sg_merge)
224 {
225 	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv = { NULL };
226 	int cluster, prev = 0;
227 	unsigned int seg_size, nr_phys_segs;
228 	struct bio *fbio, *bbio;
229 	struct bvec_iter iter;
230 
231 	if (!bio)
232 		return 0;
233 
234 	switch (bio_op(bio)) {
235 	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
236 	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
237 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
238 		return 0;
239 	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
240 		return 1;
241 	}
242 
243 	fbio = bio;
244 	cluster = blk_queue_cluster(q);
245 	seg_size = 0;
246 	nr_phys_segs = 0;
247 	for_each_bio(bio) {
248 		bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
249 			/*
250 			 * If SG merging is disabled, each bio vector is
251 			 * a segment
252 			 */
253 			if (no_sg_merge)
254 				goto new_segment;
255 
256 			if (prev && cluster) {
257 				if (seg_size + bv.bv_len
258 				    > queue_max_segment_size(q))
259 					goto new_segment;
260 				if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(&bvprv, &bv))
261 					goto new_segment;
262 				if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, &bvprv, &bv))
263 					goto new_segment;
264 
265 				seg_size += bv.bv_len;
266 				bvprv = bv;
267 				continue;
268 			}
269 new_segment:
270 			if (nr_phys_segs == 1 && seg_size >
271 			    fbio->bi_seg_front_size)
272 				fbio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
273 
274 			nr_phys_segs++;
275 			bvprv = bv;
276 			prev = 1;
277 			seg_size = bv.bv_len;
278 		}
279 		bbio = bio;
280 	}
281 
282 	if (nr_phys_segs == 1 && seg_size > fbio->bi_seg_front_size)
283 		fbio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
284 	if (seg_size > bbio->bi_seg_back_size)
285 		bbio->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
286 
287 	return nr_phys_segs;
288 }
289 
290 void blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request *rq)
291 {
292 	bool no_sg_merge = !!test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_NO_SG_MERGE,
293 			&rq->q->queue_flags);
294 
295 	rq->nr_phys_segments = __blk_recalc_rq_segments(rq->q, rq->bio,
296 			no_sg_merge);
297 }
298 
299 void blk_recount_segments(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
300 {
301 	unsigned short seg_cnt;
302 
303 	/* estimate segment number by bi_vcnt for non-cloned bio */
304 	if (bio_flagged(bio, BIO_CLONED))
305 		seg_cnt = bio_segments(bio);
306 	else
307 		seg_cnt = bio->bi_vcnt;
308 
309 	if (test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_NO_SG_MERGE, &q->queue_flags) &&
310 			(seg_cnt < queue_max_segments(q)))
311 		bio->bi_phys_segments = seg_cnt;
312 	else {
313 		struct bio *nxt = bio->bi_next;
314 
315 		bio->bi_next = NULL;
316 		bio->bi_phys_segments = __blk_recalc_rq_segments(q, bio, false);
317 		bio->bi_next = nxt;
318 	}
319 
320 	bio_set_flag(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID);
321 }
322 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_recount_segments);
323 
324 static int blk_phys_contig_segment(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
325 				   struct bio *nxt)
326 {
327 	struct bio_vec end_bv = { NULL }, nxt_bv;
328 
329 	if (!blk_queue_cluster(q))
330 		return 0;
331 
332 	if (bio->bi_seg_back_size + nxt->bi_seg_front_size >
333 	    queue_max_segment_size(q))
334 		return 0;
335 
336 	if (!bio_has_data(bio))
337 		return 1;
338 
339 	bio_get_last_bvec(bio, &end_bv);
340 	bio_get_first_bvec(nxt, &nxt_bv);
341 
342 	if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(&end_bv, &nxt_bv))
343 		return 0;
344 
345 	/*
346 	 * bio and nxt are contiguous in memory; check if the queue allows
347 	 * these two to be merged into one
348 	 */
349 	if (BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, &end_bv, &nxt_bv))
350 		return 1;
351 
352 	return 0;
353 }
354 
355 static inline void
356 __blk_segment_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec *bvec,
357 		     struct scatterlist *sglist, struct bio_vec *bvprv,
358 		     struct scatterlist **sg, int *nsegs, int *cluster)
359 {
360 
361 	int nbytes = bvec->bv_len;
362 
363 	if (*sg && *cluster) {
364 		if ((*sg)->length + nbytes > queue_max_segment_size(q))
365 			goto new_segment;
366 
367 		if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(bvprv, bvec))
368 			goto new_segment;
369 		if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, bvprv, bvec))
370 			goto new_segment;
371 
372 		(*sg)->length += nbytes;
373 	} else {
374 new_segment:
375 		if (!*sg)
376 			*sg = sglist;
377 		else {
378 			/*
379 			 * If the driver previously mapped a shorter
380 			 * list, we could see a termination bit
381 			 * prematurely unless it fully inits the sg
382 			 * table on each mapping. We KNOW that there
383 			 * must be more entries here or the driver
384 			 * would be buggy, so force clear the
385 			 * termination bit to avoid doing a full
386 			 * sg_init_table() in drivers for each command.
387 			 */
388 			sg_unmark_end(*sg);
389 			*sg = sg_next(*sg);
390 		}
391 
392 		sg_set_page(*sg, bvec->bv_page, nbytes, bvec->bv_offset);
393 		(*nsegs)++;
394 	}
395 	*bvprv = *bvec;
396 }
397 
398 static inline int __blk_bvec_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec bv,
399 		struct scatterlist *sglist, struct scatterlist **sg)
400 {
401 	*sg = sglist;
402 	sg_set_page(*sg, bv.bv_page, bv.bv_len, bv.bv_offset);
403 	return 1;
404 }
405 
406 static int __blk_bios_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
407 			     struct scatterlist *sglist,
408 			     struct scatterlist **sg)
409 {
410 	struct bio_vec bvec, bvprv = { NULL };
411 	struct bvec_iter iter;
412 	int cluster = blk_queue_cluster(q), nsegs = 0;
413 
414 	for_each_bio(bio)
415 		bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter)
416 			__blk_segment_map_sg(q, &bvec, sglist, &bvprv, sg,
417 					     &nsegs, &cluster);
418 
419 	return nsegs;
420 }
421 
422 /*
423  * map a request to scatterlist, return number of sg entries setup. Caller
424  * must make sure sg can hold rq->nr_phys_segments entries
425  */
426 int blk_rq_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
427 		  struct scatterlist *sglist)
428 {
429 	struct scatterlist *sg = NULL;
430 	int nsegs = 0;
431 
432 	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_SPECIAL_PAYLOAD)
433 		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(q, rq->special_vec, sglist, &sg);
434 	else if (rq->bio && bio_op(rq->bio) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME)
435 		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(q, bio_iovec(rq->bio), sglist, &sg);
436 	else if (rq->bio)
437 		nsegs = __blk_bios_map_sg(q, rq->bio, sglist, &sg);
438 
439 	if (unlikely(rq->rq_flags & RQF_COPY_USER) &&
440 	    (blk_rq_bytes(rq) & q->dma_pad_mask)) {
441 		unsigned int pad_len =
442 			(q->dma_pad_mask & ~blk_rq_bytes(rq)) + 1;
443 
444 		sg->length += pad_len;
445 		rq->extra_len += pad_len;
446 	}
447 
448 	if (q->dma_drain_size && q->dma_drain_needed(rq)) {
449 		if (op_is_write(req_op(rq)))
450 			memset(q->dma_drain_buffer, 0, q->dma_drain_size);
451 
452 		sg_unmark_end(sg);
453 		sg = sg_next(sg);
454 		sg_set_page(sg, virt_to_page(q->dma_drain_buffer),
455 			    q->dma_drain_size,
456 			    ((unsigned long)q->dma_drain_buffer) &
457 			    (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
458 		nsegs++;
459 		rq->extra_len += q->dma_drain_size;
460 	}
461 
462 	if (sg)
463 		sg_mark_end(sg);
464 
465 	/*
466 	 * Something must have been wrong if the figured number of
467 	 * segment is bigger than number of req's physical segments
468 	 */
469 	WARN_ON(nsegs > blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(rq));
470 
471 	return nsegs;
472 }
473 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_rq_map_sg);
474 
475 static inline int ll_new_hw_segment(struct request_queue *q,
476 				    struct request *req,
477 				    struct bio *bio)
478 {
479 	int nr_phys_segs = bio_phys_segments(q, bio);
480 
481 	if (req->nr_phys_segments + nr_phys_segs > queue_max_segments(q))
482 		goto no_merge;
483 
484 	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(q, req, bio) == false)
485 		goto no_merge;
486 
487 	/*
488 	 * This will form the start of a new hw segment.  Bump both
489 	 * counters.
490 	 */
491 	req->nr_phys_segments += nr_phys_segs;
492 	return 1;
493 
494 no_merge:
495 	req_set_nomerge(q, req);
496 	return 0;
497 }
498 
499 int ll_back_merge_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
500 		     struct bio *bio)
501 {
502 	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
503 		return 0;
504 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
505 	    integrity_req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
506 		return 0;
507 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
508 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req))) {
509 		req_set_nomerge(q, req);
510 		return 0;
511 	}
512 	if (!bio_flagged(req->biotail, BIO_SEG_VALID))
513 		blk_recount_segments(q, req->biotail);
514 	if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
515 		blk_recount_segments(q, bio);
516 
517 	return ll_new_hw_segment(q, req, bio);
518 }
519 
520 int ll_front_merge_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
521 		      struct bio *bio)
522 {
523 
524 	if (req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
525 		return 0;
526 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
527 	    integrity_req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
528 		return 0;
529 	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
530 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)) {
531 		req_set_nomerge(q, req);
532 		return 0;
533 	}
534 	if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
535 		blk_recount_segments(q, bio);
536 	if (!bio_flagged(req->bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
537 		blk_recount_segments(q, req->bio);
538 
539 	return ll_new_hw_segment(q, req, bio);
540 }
541 
542 /*
543  * blk-mq uses req->special to carry normal driver per-request payload, it
544  * does not indicate a prepared command that we cannot merge with.
545  */
546 static bool req_no_special_merge(struct request *req)
547 {
548 	struct request_queue *q = req->q;
549 
550 	return !q->mq_ops && req->special;
551 }
552 
553 static int ll_merge_requests_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
554 				struct request *next)
555 {
556 	int total_phys_segments;
557 	unsigned int seg_size =
558 		req->biotail->bi_seg_back_size + next->bio->bi_seg_front_size;
559 
560 	/*
561 	 * First check if the either of the requests are re-queued
562 	 * requests.  Can't merge them if they are.
563 	 */
564 	if (req_no_special_merge(req) || req_no_special_merge(next))
565 		return 0;
566 
567 	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, next->bio))
568 		return 0;
569 
570 	/*
571 	 * Will it become too large?
572 	 */
573 	if ((blk_rq_sectors(req) + blk_rq_sectors(next)) >
574 	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req)))
575 		return 0;
576 
577 	total_phys_segments = req->nr_phys_segments + next->nr_phys_segments;
578 	if (blk_phys_contig_segment(q, req->biotail, next->bio)) {
579 		if (req->nr_phys_segments == 1)
580 			req->bio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
581 		if (next->nr_phys_segments == 1)
582 			next->biotail->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
583 		total_phys_segments--;
584 	}
585 
586 	if (total_phys_segments > queue_max_segments(q))
587 		return 0;
588 
589 	if (blk_integrity_merge_rq(q, req, next) == false)
590 		return 0;
591 
592 	/* Merge is OK... */
593 	req->nr_phys_segments = total_phys_segments;
594 	return 1;
595 }
596 
597 /**
598  * blk_rq_set_mixed_merge - mark a request as mixed merge
599  * @rq: request to mark as mixed merge
600  *
601  * Description:
602  *     @rq is about to be mixed merged.  Make sure the attributes
603  *     which can be mixed are set in each bio and mark @rq as mixed
604  *     merged.
605  */
606 void blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(struct request *rq)
607 {
608 	unsigned int ff = rq->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK;
609 	struct bio *bio;
610 
611 	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_MIXED_MERGE)
612 		return;
613 
614 	/*
615 	 * @rq will no longer represent mixable attributes for all the
616 	 * contained bios.  It will just track those of the first one.
617 	 * Distributes the attributs to each bio.
618 	 */
619 	for (bio = rq->bio; bio; bio = bio->bi_next) {
620 		WARN_ON_ONCE((bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) &&
621 			     (bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) != ff);
622 		bio->bi_opf |= ff;
623 	}
624 	rq->rq_flags |= RQF_MIXED_MERGE;
625 }
626 
627 static void blk_account_io_merge(struct request *req)
628 {
629 	if (blk_do_io_stat(req)) {
630 		struct hd_struct *part;
631 		int cpu;
632 
633 		cpu = part_stat_lock();
634 		part = req->part;
635 
636 		part_round_stats(req->q, cpu, part);
637 		part_dec_in_flight(req->q, part, rq_data_dir(req));
638 
639 		hd_struct_put(part);
640 		part_stat_unlock();
641 	}
642 }
643 
644 /*
645  * For non-mq, this has to be called with the request spinlock acquired.
646  * For mq with scheduling, the appropriate queue wide lock should be held.
647  */
648 static struct request *attempt_merge(struct request_queue *q,
649 				     struct request *req, struct request *next)
650 {
651 	if (!q->mq_ops)
652 		lockdep_assert_held(q->queue_lock);
653 
654 	if (!rq_mergeable(req) || !rq_mergeable(next))
655 		return NULL;
656 
657 	if (req_op(req) != req_op(next))
658 		return NULL;
659 
660 	/*
661 	 * not contiguous
662 	 */
663 	if (blk_rq_pos(req) + blk_rq_sectors(req) != blk_rq_pos(next))
664 		return NULL;
665 
666 	if (rq_data_dir(req) != rq_data_dir(next)
667 	    || req->rq_disk != next->rq_disk
668 	    || req_no_special_merge(next))
669 		return NULL;
670 
671 	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
672 	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(req->bio, next->bio))
673 		return NULL;
674 
675 	/*
676 	 * Don't allow merge of different write hints, or for a hint with
677 	 * non-hint IO.
678 	 */
679 	if (req->write_hint != next->write_hint)
680 		return NULL;
681 
682 	/*
683 	 * If we are allowed to merge, then append bio list
684 	 * from next to rq and release next. merge_requests_fn
685 	 * will have updated segment counts, update sector
686 	 * counts here.
687 	 */
688 	if (!ll_merge_requests_fn(q, req, next))
689 		return NULL;
690 
691 	/*
692 	 * If failfast settings disagree or any of the two is already
693 	 * a mixed merge, mark both as mixed before proceeding.  This
694 	 * makes sure that all involved bios have mixable attributes
695 	 * set properly.
696 	 */
697 	if (((req->rq_flags | next->rq_flags) & RQF_MIXED_MERGE) ||
698 	    (req->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) !=
699 	    (next->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK)) {
700 		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(req);
701 		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(next);
702 	}
703 
704 	/*
705 	 * At this point we have either done a back merge
706 	 * or front merge. We need the smaller start_time of
707 	 * the merged requests to be the current request
708 	 * for accounting purposes.
709 	 */
710 	if (time_after(req->start_time, next->start_time))
711 		req->start_time = next->start_time;
712 
713 	req->biotail->bi_next = next->bio;
714 	req->biotail = next->biotail;
715 
716 	req->__data_len += blk_rq_bytes(next);
717 
718 	elv_merge_requests(q, req, next);
719 
720 	/*
721 	 * 'next' is going away, so update stats accordingly
722 	 */
723 	blk_account_io_merge(next);
724 
725 	req->ioprio = ioprio_best(req->ioprio, next->ioprio);
726 	if (blk_rq_cpu_valid(next))
727 		req->cpu = next->cpu;
728 
729 	/*
730 	 * ownership of bio passed from next to req, return 'next' for
731 	 * the caller to free
732 	 */
733 	next->bio = NULL;
734 	return next;
735 }
736 
737 struct request *attempt_back_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
738 {
739 	struct request *next = elv_latter_request(q, rq);
740 
741 	if (next)
742 		return attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
743 
744 	return NULL;
745 }
746 
747 struct request *attempt_front_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
748 {
749 	struct request *prev = elv_former_request(q, rq);
750 
751 	if (prev)
752 		return attempt_merge(q, prev, rq);
753 
754 	return NULL;
755 }
756 
757 int blk_attempt_req_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
758 			  struct request *next)
759 {
760 	struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
761 	struct request *free;
762 
763 	if (!e->uses_mq && e->type->ops.sq.elevator_allow_rq_merge_fn)
764 		if (!e->type->ops.sq.elevator_allow_rq_merge_fn(q, rq, next))
765 			return 0;
766 
767 	free = attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
768 	if (free) {
769 		__blk_put_request(q, free);
770 		return 1;
771 	}
772 
773 	return 0;
774 }
775 
776 bool blk_rq_merge_ok(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
777 {
778 	if (!rq_mergeable(rq) || !bio_mergeable(bio))
779 		return false;
780 
781 	if (req_op(rq) != bio_op(bio))
782 		return false;
783 
784 	/* different data direction or already started, don't merge */
785 	if (bio_data_dir(bio) != rq_data_dir(rq))
786 		return false;
787 
788 	/* must be same device and not a special request */
789 	if (rq->rq_disk != bio->bi_disk || req_no_special_merge(rq))
790 		return false;
791 
792 	/* only merge integrity protected bio into ditto rq */
793 	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(rq->q, rq, bio) == false)
794 		return false;
795 
796 	/* must be using the same buffer */
797 	if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
798 	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(rq->bio, bio))
799 		return false;
800 
801 	/*
802 	 * Don't allow merge of different write hints, or for a hint with
803 	 * non-hint IO.
804 	 */
805 	if (rq->write_hint != bio->bi_write_hint)
806 		return false;
807 
808 	return true;
809 }
810 
811 enum elv_merge blk_try_merge(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
812 {
813 	if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_DISCARD &&
814 	    queue_max_discard_segments(rq->q) > 1)
815 		return ELEVATOR_DISCARD_MERGE;
816 	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) + blk_rq_sectors(rq) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
817 		return ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
818 	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) - bio_sectors(bio) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
819 		return ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE;
820 	return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
821 }
822