xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/x86/mm/init.c (revision baa7eb025ab14f3cba2e35c0a8648f9c9f01d24f)
1 #include <linux/gfp.h>
2 #include <linux/initrd.h>
3 #include <linux/ioport.h>
4 #include <linux/swap.h>
5 #include <linux/memblock.h>
6 
7 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
8 #include <asm/e820.h>
9 #include <asm/init.h>
10 #include <asm/page.h>
11 #include <asm/page_types.h>
12 #include <asm/sections.h>
13 #include <asm/setup.h>
14 #include <asm/system.h>
15 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
16 #include <asm/tlb.h>
17 #include <asm/proto.h>
18 
19 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers);
20 
21 unsigned long __initdata e820_table_start;
22 unsigned long __meminitdata e820_table_end;
23 unsigned long __meminitdata e820_table_top;
24 
25 int after_bootmem;
26 
27 int direct_gbpages
28 #ifdef CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES
29 				= 1
30 #endif
31 ;
32 
33 static void __init find_early_table_space(unsigned long end, int use_pse,
34 					  int use_gbpages)
35 {
36 	unsigned long puds, pmds, ptes, tables, start;
37 	phys_addr_t base;
38 
39 	puds = (end + PUD_SIZE - 1) >> PUD_SHIFT;
40 	tables = roundup(puds * sizeof(pud_t), PAGE_SIZE);
41 
42 	if (use_gbpages) {
43 		unsigned long extra;
44 
45 		extra = end - ((end>>PUD_SHIFT) << PUD_SHIFT);
46 		pmds = (extra + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
47 	} else
48 		pmds = (end + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
49 
50 	tables += roundup(pmds * sizeof(pmd_t), PAGE_SIZE);
51 
52 	if (use_pse) {
53 		unsigned long extra;
54 
55 		extra = end - ((end>>PMD_SHIFT) << PMD_SHIFT);
56 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
57 		extra += PMD_SIZE;
58 #endif
59 		ptes = (extra + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
60 	} else
61 		ptes = (end + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
62 
63 	tables += roundup(ptes * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
64 
65 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
66 	/* for fixmap */
67 	tables += roundup(__end_of_fixed_addresses * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
68 #endif
69 
70 	/*
71 	 * RED-PEN putting page tables only on node 0 could
72 	 * cause a hotspot and fill up ZONE_DMA. The page tables
73 	 * need roughly 0.5KB per GB.
74 	 */
75 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
76 	start = 0x7000;
77 #else
78 	start = 0x8000;
79 #endif
80 	base = memblock_find_in_range(start, max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT,
81 					tables, PAGE_SIZE);
82 	if (base == MEMBLOCK_ERROR)
83 		panic("Cannot find space for the kernel page tables");
84 
85 	e820_table_start = base >> PAGE_SHIFT;
86 	e820_table_end = e820_table_start;
87 	e820_table_top = e820_table_start + (tables >> PAGE_SHIFT);
88 
89 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "kernel direct mapping tables up to %lx @ %lx-%lx\n",
90 		end, e820_table_start << PAGE_SHIFT, e820_table_top << PAGE_SHIFT);
91 }
92 
93 struct map_range {
94 	unsigned long start;
95 	unsigned long end;
96 	unsigned page_size_mask;
97 };
98 
99 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
100 #define NR_RANGE_MR 3
101 #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
102 #define NR_RANGE_MR 5
103 #endif
104 
105 static int __meminit save_mr(struct map_range *mr, int nr_range,
106 			     unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
107 			     unsigned long page_size_mask)
108 {
109 	if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
110 		if (nr_range >= NR_RANGE_MR)
111 			panic("run out of range for init_memory_mapping\n");
112 		mr[nr_range].start = start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
113 		mr[nr_range].end   = end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
114 		mr[nr_range].page_size_mask = page_size_mask;
115 		nr_range++;
116 	}
117 
118 	return nr_range;
119 }
120 
121 /*
122  * Setup the direct mapping of the physical memory at PAGE_OFFSET.
123  * This runs before bootmem is initialized and gets pages directly from
124  * the physical memory. To access them they are temporarily mapped.
125  */
126 unsigned long __init_refok init_memory_mapping(unsigned long start,
127 					       unsigned long end)
128 {
129 	unsigned long page_size_mask = 0;
130 	unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
131 	unsigned long ret = 0;
132 	unsigned long pos;
133 
134 	struct map_range mr[NR_RANGE_MR];
135 	int nr_range, i;
136 	int use_pse, use_gbpages;
137 
138 	printk(KERN_INFO "init_memory_mapping: %016lx-%016lx\n", start, end);
139 
140 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) || defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK)
141 	/*
142 	 * For CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, identity mapping will use small pages.
143 	 * This will simplify cpa(), which otherwise needs to support splitting
144 	 * large pages into small in interrupt context, etc.
145 	 */
146 	use_pse = use_gbpages = 0;
147 #else
148 	use_pse = cpu_has_pse;
149 	use_gbpages = direct_gbpages;
150 #endif
151 
152 	/* Enable PSE if available */
153 	if (cpu_has_pse)
154 		set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PSE);
155 
156 	/* Enable PGE if available */
157 	if (cpu_has_pge) {
158 		set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PGE);
159 		__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
160 	}
161 
162 	if (use_gbpages)
163 		page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_1G;
164 	if (use_pse)
165 		page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_2M;
166 
167 	memset(mr, 0, sizeof(mr));
168 	nr_range = 0;
169 
170 	/* head if not big page alignment ? */
171 	start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
172 	pos = start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
173 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
174 	/*
175 	 * Don't use a large page for the first 2/4MB of memory
176 	 * because there are often fixed size MTRRs in there
177 	 * and overlapping MTRRs into large pages can cause
178 	 * slowdowns.
179 	 */
180 	if (pos == 0)
181 		end_pfn = 1<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
182 	else
183 		end_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
184 				 << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
185 #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
186 	end_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1)) >> PMD_SHIFT)
187 			<< (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
188 #endif
189 	if (end_pfn > (end >> PAGE_SHIFT))
190 		end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
191 	if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
192 		nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
193 		pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
194 	}
195 
196 	/* big page (2M) range */
197 	start_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
198 			 << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
199 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
200 	end_pfn = (end>>PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
201 #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
202 	end_pfn = ((pos + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
203 			 << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
204 	if (end_pfn > ((end>>PMD_SHIFT)<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)))
205 		end_pfn = ((end>>PMD_SHIFT)<<(PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT));
206 #endif
207 
208 	if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
209 		nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
210 				page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
211 		pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
212 	}
213 
214 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
215 	/* big page (1G) range */
216 	start_pfn = ((pos + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
217 			 << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
218 	end_pfn = (end >> PUD_SHIFT) << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
219 	if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
220 		nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
221 				page_size_mask &
222 				 ((1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)|(1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)));
223 		pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
224 	}
225 
226 	/* tail is not big page (1G) alignment */
227 	start_pfn = ((pos + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
228 			 << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
229 	end_pfn = (end >> PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
230 	if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
231 		nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
232 				page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
233 		pos = end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
234 	}
235 #endif
236 
237 	/* tail is not big page (2M) alignment */
238 	start_pfn = pos>>PAGE_SHIFT;
239 	end_pfn = end>>PAGE_SHIFT;
240 	nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
241 
242 	/* try to merge same page size and continuous */
243 	for (i = 0; nr_range > 1 && i < nr_range - 1; i++) {
244 		unsigned long old_start;
245 		if (mr[i].end != mr[i+1].start ||
246 		    mr[i].page_size_mask != mr[i+1].page_size_mask)
247 			continue;
248 		/* move it */
249 		old_start = mr[i].start;
250 		memmove(&mr[i], &mr[i+1],
251 			(nr_range - 1 - i) * sizeof(struct map_range));
252 		mr[i--].start = old_start;
253 		nr_range--;
254 	}
255 
256 	for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
257 		printk(KERN_DEBUG " %010lx - %010lx page %s\n",
258 				mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
259 			(mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G))?"1G":(
260 			 (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M))?"2M":"4k"));
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * Find space for the kernel direct mapping tables.
264 	 *
265 	 * Later we should allocate these tables in the local node of the
266 	 * memory mapped. Unfortunately this is done currently before the
267 	 * nodes are discovered.
268 	 */
269 	if (!after_bootmem)
270 		find_early_table_space(end, use_pse, use_gbpages);
271 
272 	for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
273 		ret = kernel_physical_mapping_init(mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
274 						   mr[i].page_size_mask);
275 
276 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
277 	early_ioremap_page_table_range_init();
278 
279 	load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
280 #endif
281 
282 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
283 	if (!after_bootmem && !start) {
284 		pud_t *pud;
285 		pmd_t *pmd;
286 
287 		mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
288 
289 		/*
290 		 * _brk_end cannot change anymore, but it and _end may be
291 		 * located on different 2M pages. cleanup_highmap(), however,
292 		 * can only consider _end when it runs, so destroy any
293 		 * mappings beyond _brk_end here.
294 		 */
295 		pud = pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(_brk_end), _brk_end);
296 		pmd = pmd_offset(pud, _brk_end - 1);
297 		while (++pmd <= pmd_offset(pud, (unsigned long)_end - 1))
298 			pmd_clear(pmd);
299 	}
300 #endif
301 	__flush_tlb_all();
302 
303 	if (!after_bootmem && e820_table_end > e820_table_start)
304 		memblock_x86_reserve_range(e820_table_start << PAGE_SHIFT,
305 				 e820_table_end << PAGE_SHIFT, "PGTABLE");
306 
307 	if (!after_bootmem)
308 		early_memtest(start, end);
309 
310 	return ret >> PAGE_SHIFT;
311 }
312 
313 
314 /*
315  * devmem_is_allowed() checks to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
316  * is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
317  *
318  *
319  * On x86, access has to be given to the first megabyte of ram because that area
320  * contains bios code and data regions used by X and dosemu and similar apps.
321  * Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the PCI
322  * mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
323  */
324 int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr)
325 {
326 	if (pagenr <= 256)
327 		return 1;
328 	if (iomem_is_exclusive(pagenr << PAGE_SHIFT))
329 		return 0;
330 	if (!page_is_ram(pagenr))
331 		return 1;
332 	return 0;
333 }
334 
335 void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end)
336 {
337 	unsigned long addr;
338 	unsigned long begin_aligned, end_aligned;
339 
340 	/* Make sure boundaries are page aligned */
341 	begin_aligned = PAGE_ALIGN(begin);
342 	end_aligned   = end & PAGE_MASK;
343 
344 	if (WARN_ON(begin_aligned != begin || end_aligned != end)) {
345 		begin = begin_aligned;
346 		end   = end_aligned;
347 	}
348 
349 	if (begin >= end)
350 		return;
351 
352 	addr = begin;
353 
354 	/*
355 	 * If debugging page accesses then do not free this memory but
356 	 * mark them not present - any buggy init-section access will
357 	 * create a kernel page fault:
358 	 */
359 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
360 	printk(KERN_INFO "debug: unmapping init memory %08lx..%08lx\n",
361 		begin, end);
362 	set_memory_np(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
363 #else
364 	/*
365 	 * We just marked the kernel text read only above, now that
366 	 * we are going to free part of that, we need to make that
367 	 * writeable and non-executable first.
368 	 */
369 	set_memory_nx(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
370 	set_memory_rw(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
371 
372 	printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s: %luk freed\n", what, (end - begin) >> 10);
373 
374 	for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
375 		ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
376 		init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
377 		memset((void *)addr, POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
378 		free_page(addr);
379 		totalram_pages++;
380 	}
381 #endif
382 }
383 
384 void free_initmem(void)
385 {
386 	free_init_pages("unused kernel memory",
387 			(unsigned long)(&__init_begin),
388 			(unsigned long)(&__init_end));
389 }
390 
391 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
392 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
393 {
394 	/*
395 	 * end could be not aligned, and We can not align that,
396 	 * decompresser could be confused by aligned initrd_end
397 	 * We already reserve the end partial page before in
398 	 *   - i386_start_kernel()
399 	 *   - x86_64_start_kernel()
400 	 *   - relocate_initrd()
401 	 * So here We can do PAGE_ALIGN() safely to get partial page to be freed
402 	 */
403 	free_init_pages("initrd memory", start, PAGE_ALIGN(end));
404 }
405 #endif
406