x86/kernel/traps.c

/*
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
 *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
 *
 *  Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
 *	Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
 */

/*
 * Handle hardware traps and faults.
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt

#include <linux/context_tracking.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/kgdb.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/uprobes.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <asm/stacktrace.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/debugreg.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <asm/text-patching.h>
#include <asm/ftrace.h>
#include <asm/traps.h>
#include <asm/desc.h>
#include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
#include <asm/cpu_entry_area.h>
#include <asm/mce.h>
#include <asm/fixmap.h>
#include <asm/mach_traps.h>
#include <asm/alternative.h>
#include <asm/fpu/xstate.h>
#include <asm/trace/mpx.h>
#include <asm/mpx.h>
#include <asm/vm86.h>
#include <asm/umip.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
#include <asm/x86_init.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <asm/proto.h>
#else
#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/proto.h>
#endif

DECLARE_BITMAP(system_vectors, NR_VECTORS);

static inline void cond_local_irq_enable(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	if (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF)
		local_irq_enable();
}

static inline void cond_local_irq_disable(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	if (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF)
		local_irq_disable();
}

/*
 * In IST context, we explicitly disable preemption.  This serves two
 * purposes: it makes it much less likely that we would accidentally
 * schedule in IST context and it will force a warning if we somehow
 * manage to schedule by accident.
 */
void ist_enter(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	if (user_mode(regs)) {
		RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
	} else {
		/*
		 * We might have interrupted pretty much anything.  In
		 * fact, if we're a machine check, we can even interrupt
		 * NMI processing.  We don't want in_nmi() to return true,
		 * but we need to notify RCU.
		 */
		rcu_nmi_enter();
	}

	preempt_disable();

	/* This code is a bit fragile.  Test it. */
	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "ist_enter didn't work");
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(ist_enter);

void ist_exit(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	preempt_enable_no_resched();

	if (!user_mode(regs))
		rcu_nmi_exit();
}

/**
 * ist_begin_non_atomic() - begin a non-atomic section in an IST exception
 * @regs:	regs passed to the IST exception handler
 *
 * IST exception handlers normally cannot schedule.  As a special
 * exception, if the exception interrupted userspace code (i.e.
 * user_mode(regs) would return true) and the exception was not
 * a double fault, it can be safe to schedule.  ist_begin_non_atomic()
 * begins a non-atomic section within an ist_enter()/ist_exit() region.
 * Callers are responsible for enabling interrupts themselves inside
 * the non-atomic section, and callers must call ist_end_non_atomic()
 * before ist_exit().
 */
void ist_begin_non_atomic(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	BUG_ON(!user_mode(regs));

	/*
	 * Sanity check: we need to be on the normal thread stack.  This
	 * will catch asm bugs and any attempt to use ist_preempt_enable
	 * from double_fault.
	 */
	BUG_ON(!on_thread_stack());

	preempt_enable_no_resched();
}

/**
 * ist_end_non_atomic() - begin a non-atomic section in an IST exception
 *
 * Ends a non-atomic section started with ist_begin_non_atomic().
 */
void ist_end_non_atomic(void)
{
	preempt_disable();
}

int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long addr)
{
	unsigned short ud;

	if (addr < TASK_SIZE_MAX)
		return 0;

	if (probe_kernel_address((unsigned short *)addr, ud))
		return 0;

	return ud == INSN_UD0 || ud == INSN_UD2;
}

int fixup_bug(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
{
	if (trapnr != X86_TRAP_UD)
		return 0;

	switch (report_bug(regs->ip, regs)) {
	case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE:
	case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_BUG:
		break;

	case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN:
		regs->ip += LEN_UD2;
		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

static nokprobe_inline int
do_trap_no_signal(struct task_struct *tsk, int trapnr, const char *str,
		  struct pt_regs *regs,	long error_code)
{
	if (v8086_mode(regs)) {
		/*
		 * Traps 0, 1, 3, 4, and 5 should be forwarded to vm86.
		 * On nmi (interrupt 2), do_trap should not be called.
		 */
		if (trapnr < X86_TRAP_UD) {
			if (!handle_vm86_trap((struct kernel_vm86_regs *) regs,
						error_code, trapnr))
				return 0;
		}
	} else if (!user_mode(regs)) {
		if (fixup_exception(regs, trapnr, error_code, 0))
			return 0;

		tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
		tsk->thread.trap_nr = trapnr;
		die(str, regs, error_code);
	}

	/*
	 * We want error_code and trap_nr set for userspace faults and
	 * kernelspace faults which result in die(), but not
	 * kernelspace faults which are fixed up.  die() gives the
	 * process no chance to handle the signal and notice the
	 * kernel fault information, so that won't result in polluting
	 * the information about previously queued, but not yet
	 * delivered, faults.  See also do_general_protection below.
	 */
	tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
	tsk->thread.trap_nr = trapnr;

	return -1;
}

static void show_signal(struct task_struct *tsk, int signr,
			const char *type, const char *desc,
			struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	if (show_unhandled_signals && unhandled_signal(tsk, signr) &&
	    printk_ratelimit()) {
		pr_info("%s[%d] %s%s ip:%lx sp:%lx error:%lx",
			tsk->comm, task_pid_nr(tsk), type, desc,
			regs->ip, regs->sp, error_code);
		print_vma_addr(KERN_CONT " in ", regs->ip);
		pr_cont("\n");
	}
}

static void
do_trap(int trapnr, int signr, char *str, struct pt_regs *regs,
	long error_code, int sicode, void __user *addr)
{
	struct task_struct *tsk = current;


	if (!do_trap_no_signal(tsk, trapnr, str, regs, error_code))
		return;

	show_signal(tsk, signr, "trap ", str, regs, error_code);

	if (!sicode)
		force_sig(signr);
	else
		force_sig_fault(signr, sicode, addr);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_trap);

static void do_error_trap(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code, char *str,
	unsigned long trapnr, int signr, int sicode, void __user *addr)
{
	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");

	/*
	 * WARN*()s end up here; fix them up before we call the
	 * notifier chain.
	 */
	if (!user_mode(regs) && fixup_bug(regs, trapnr))
		return;

	if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, str, regs, error_code, trapnr, signr) !=
			NOTIFY_STOP) {
		cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
		do_trap(trapnr, signr, str, regs, error_code, sicode, addr);
	}
}

#define IP ((void __user *)uprobe_get_trap_addr(regs))
#define DO_ERROR(trapnr, signr, sicode, addr, str, name)		   \
dotraplinkage void do_##name(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)	   \
{									   \
	do_error_trap(regs, error_code, str, trapnr, signr, sicode, addr); \
}

DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_DE,     SIGFPE,  FPE_INTDIV,   IP, "divide error",        divide_error)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_OF,     SIGSEGV,          0, NULL, "overflow",            overflow)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_UD,     SIGILL,  ILL_ILLOPN,   IP, "invalid opcode",      invalid_op)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_OLD_MF, SIGFPE,           0, NULL, "coprocessor segment overrun", coprocessor_segment_overrun)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_TS,     SIGSEGV,          0, NULL, "invalid TSS",         invalid_TSS)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_NP,     SIGBUS,           0, NULL, "segment not present", segment_not_present)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_SS,     SIGBUS,           0, NULL, "stack segment",       stack_segment)
DO_ERROR(X86_TRAP_AC,     SIGBUS,  BUS_ADRALN, NULL, "alignment check",     alignment_check)
#undef IP

#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
__visible void __noreturn handle_stack_overflow(const char *message,
						struct pt_regs *regs,
						unsigned long fault_address)
{
	printk(KERN_EMERG "BUG: stack guard page was hit at %p (stack is %p..%p)\n",
		 (void *)fault_address, current->stack,
		 (char *)current->stack + THREAD_SIZE - 1);
	die(message, regs, 0);

	/* Be absolutely certain we don't return. */
	panic("%s", message);
}
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_DOUBLEFAULT)
/*
 * Runs on an IST stack for x86_64 and on a special task stack for x86_32.
 *
 * On x86_64, this is more or less a normal kernel entry.  Notwithstanding the
 * SDM's warnings about double faults being unrecoverable, returning works as
 * expected.  Presumably what the SDM actually means is that the CPU may get
 * the register state wrong on entry, so returning could be a bad idea.
 *
 * Various CPU engineers have promised that double faults due to an IRET fault
 * while the stack is read-only are, in fact, recoverable.
 *
 * On x86_32, this is entered through a task gate, and regs are synthesized
 * from the TSS.  Returning is, in principle, okay, but changes to regs will
 * be lost.  If, for some reason, we need to return to a context with modified
 * regs, the shim code could be adjusted to synchronize the registers.
 */
dotraplinkage void do_double_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code, unsigned long cr2)
{
	static const char str[] = "double fault";
	struct task_struct *tsk = current;

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_ESPFIX64
	extern unsigned char native_irq_return_iret[];

	/*
	 * If IRET takes a non-IST fault on the espfix64 stack, then we
	 * end up promoting it to a doublefault.  In that case, take
	 * advantage of the fact that we're not using the normal (TSS.sp0)
	 * stack right now.  We can write a fake #GP(0) frame at TSS.sp0
	 * and then modify our own IRET frame so that, when we return,
	 * we land directly at the #GP(0) vector with the stack already
	 * set up according to its expectations.
	 *
	 * The net result is that our #GP handler will think that we
	 * entered from usermode with the bad user context.
	 *
	 * No need for ist_enter here because we don't use RCU.
	 */
	if (((long)regs->sp >> P4D_SHIFT) == ESPFIX_PGD_ENTRY &&
		regs->cs == __KERNEL_CS &&
		regs->ip == (unsigned long)native_irq_return_iret)
	{
		struct pt_regs *gpregs = (struct pt_regs *)this_cpu_read(cpu_tss_rw.x86_tss.sp0) - 1;

		/*
		 * regs->sp points to the failing IRET frame on the
		 * ESPFIX64 stack.  Copy it to the entry stack.  This fills
		 * in gpregs->ss through gpregs->ip.
		 *
		 */
		memmove(&gpregs->ip, (void *)regs->sp, 5*8);
		gpregs->orig_ax = 0;  /* Missing (lost) #GP error code */

		/*
		 * Adjust our frame so that we return straight to the #GP
		 * vector with the expected RSP value.  This is safe because
		 * we won't enable interupts or schedule before we invoke
		 * general_protection, so nothing will clobber the stack
		 * frame we just set up.
		 *
		 * We will enter general_protection with kernel GSBASE,
		 * which is what the stub expects, given that the faulting
		 * RIP will be the IRET instruction.
		 */
		regs->ip = (unsigned long)general_protection;
		regs->sp = (unsigned long)&gpregs->orig_ax;

		return;
	}
#endif

	ist_enter(regs);
	notify_die(DIE_TRAP, str, regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_DF, SIGSEGV);

	tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
	tsk->thread.trap_nr = X86_TRAP_DF;

#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
	/*
	 * If we overflow the stack into a guard page, the CPU will fail
	 * to deliver #PF and will send #DF instead.  Similarly, if we
	 * take any non-IST exception while too close to the bottom of
	 * the stack, the processor will get a page fault while
	 * delivering the exception and will generate a double fault.
	 *
	 * According to the SDM (footnote in 6.15 under "Interrupt 14 -
	 * Page-Fault Exception (#PF):
	 *
	 *   Processors update CR2 whenever a page fault is detected. If a
	 *   second page fault occurs while an earlier page fault is being
	 *   delivered, the faulting linear address of the second fault will
	 *   overwrite the contents of CR2 (replacing the previous
	 *   address). These updates to CR2 occur even if the page fault
	 *   results in a double fault or occurs during the delivery of a
	 *   double fault.
	 *
	 * The logic below has a small possibility of incorrectly diagnosing
	 * some errors as stack overflows.  For example, if the IDT or GDT
	 * gets corrupted such that #GP delivery fails due to a bad descriptor
	 * causing #GP and we hit this condition while CR2 coincidentally
	 * points to the stack guard page, we'll think we overflowed the
	 * stack.  Given that we're going to panic one way or another
	 * if this happens, this isn't necessarily worth fixing.
	 *
	 * If necessary, we could improve the test by only diagnosing
	 * a stack overflow if the saved RSP points within 47 bytes of
	 * the bottom of the stack: if RSP == tsk_stack + 48 and we
	 * take an exception, the stack is already aligned and there
	 * will be enough room SS, RSP, RFLAGS, CS, RIP, and a
	 * possible error code, so a stack overflow would *not* double
	 * fault.  With any less space left, exception delivery could
	 * fail, and, as a practical matter, we've overflowed the
	 * stack even if the actual trigger for the double fault was
	 * something else.
	 */
	if ((unsigned long)task_stack_page(tsk) - 1 - cr2 < PAGE_SIZE)
		handle_stack_overflow("kernel stack overflow (double-fault)", regs, cr2);
#endif

	pr_emerg("PANIC: double fault, error_code: 0x%lx\n", error_code);
	die("double fault", regs, error_code);
	panic("Machine halted.");
}
#endif

dotraplinkage void do_bounds(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	const struct mpx_bndcsr *bndcsr;

	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
	if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, "bounds", regs, error_code,
			X86_TRAP_BR, SIGSEGV) == NOTIFY_STOP)
		return;
	cond_local_irq_enable(regs);

	if (!user_mode(regs))
		die("bounds", regs, error_code);

	if (!cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_MPX)) {
		/* The exception is not from Intel MPX */
		goto exit_trap;
	}

	/*
	 * We need to look at BNDSTATUS to resolve this exception.
	 * A NULL here might mean that it is in its 'init state',
	 * which is all zeros which indicates MPX was not
	 * responsible for the exception.
	 */
	bndcsr = get_xsave_field_ptr(XFEATURE_BNDCSR);
	if (!bndcsr)
		goto exit_trap;

	trace_bounds_exception_mpx(bndcsr);
	/*
	 * The error code field of the BNDSTATUS register communicates status
	 * information of a bound range exception #BR or operation involving
	 * bound directory.
	 */
	switch (bndcsr->bndstatus & MPX_BNDSTA_ERROR_CODE) {
	case 2:	/* Bound directory has invalid entry. */
		if (mpx_handle_bd_fault())
			goto exit_trap;
		break; /* Success, it was handled */
	case 1: /* Bound violation. */
	{
		struct task_struct *tsk = current;
		struct mpx_fault_info mpx;

		if (mpx_fault_info(&mpx, regs)) {
			/*
			 * We failed to decode the MPX instruction.  Act as if
			 * the exception was not caused by MPX.
			 */
			goto exit_trap;
		}
		/*
		 * Success, we decoded the instruction and retrieved
		 * an 'mpx' containing the address being accessed
		 * which caused the exception.  This information
		 * allows and application to possibly handle the
		 * #BR exception itself.
		 */
		if (!do_trap_no_signal(tsk, X86_TRAP_BR, "bounds", regs,
				       error_code))
			break;

		show_signal(tsk, SIGSEGV, "trap ", "bounds", regs, error_code);

		force_sig_bnderr(mpx.addr, mpx.lower, mpx.upper);
		break;
	}
	case 0: /* No exception caused by Intel MPX operations. */
		goto exit_trap;
	default:
		die("bounds", regs, error_code);
	}

	return;

exit_trap:
	/*
	 * This path out is for all the cases where we could not
	 * handle the exception in some way (like allocating a
	 * table or telling userspace about it.  We will also end
	 * up here if the kernel has MPX turned off at compile
	 * time..
	 */
	do_trap(X86_TRAP_BR, SIGSEGV, "bounds", regs, error_code, 0, NULL);
}

dotraplinkage void
do_general_protection(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	const char *desc = "general protection fault";
	struct task_struct *tsk;

	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
	cond_local_irq_enable(regs);

	if (static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_UMIP)) {
		if (user_mode(regs) && fixup_umip_exception(regs))
			return;
	}

	if (v8086_mode(regs)) {
		local_irq_enable();
		handle_vm86_fault((struct kernel_vm86_regs *) regs, error_code);
		return;
	}

	tsk = current;
	if (!user_mode(regs)) {
		if (fixup_exception(regs, X86_TRAP_GP, error_code, 0))
			return;

		tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
		tsk->thread.trap_nr = X86_TRAP_GP;

		/*
		 * To be potentially processing a kprobe fault and to
		 * trust the result from kprobe_running(), we have to
		 * be non-preemptible.
		 */
		if (!preemptible() && kprobe_running() &&
		    kprobe_fault_handler(regs, X86_TRAP_GP))
			return;

		if (notify_die(DIE_GPF, desc, regs, error_code,
			       X86_TRAP_GP, SIGSEGV) != NOTIFY_STOP)
			die(desc, regs, error_code);
		return;
	}

	tsk->thread.error_code = error_code;
	tsk->thread.trap_nr = X86_TRAP_GP;

	show_signal(tsk, SIGSEGV, "", desc, regs, error_code);

	force_sig(SIGSEGV);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_general_protection);

dotraplinkage void notrace do_int3(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
	/*
	 * ftrace must be first, everything else may cause a recursive crash.
	 * See note by declaration of modifying_ftrace_code in ftrace.c
	 */
	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&modifying_ftrace_code)) &&
	    ftrace_int3_handler(regs))
		return;
#endif
	if (poke_int3_handler(regs))
		return;

	/*
	 * Use ist_enter despite the fact that we don't use an IST stack.
	 * We can be called from a kprobe in non-CONTEXT_KERNEL kernel
	 * mode or even during context tracking state changes.
	 *
	 * This means that we can't schedule.  That's okay.
	 */
	ist_enter(regs);
	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
#ifdef CONFIG_KGDB_LOW_LEVEL_TRAP
	if (kgdb_ll_trap(DIE_INT3, "int3", regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_BP,
				SIGTRAP) == NOTIFY_STOP)
		goto exit;
#endif /* CONFIG_KGDB_LOW_LEVEL_TRAP */

#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
	if (kprobe_int3_handler(regs))
		goto exit;
#endif

	if (notify_die(DIE_INT3, "int3", regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_BP,
			SIGTRAP) == NOTIFY_STOP)
		goto exit;

	cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
	do_trap(X86_TRAP_BP, SIGTRAP, "int3", regs, error_code, 0, NULL);
	cond_local_irq_disable(regs);

exit:
	ist_exit(regs);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_int3);

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
/*
 * Help handler running on a per-cpu (IST or entry trampoline) stack
 * to switch to the normal thread stack if the interrupted code was in
 * user mode. The actual stack switch is done in entry_64.S
 */
asmlinkage __visible notrace struct pt_regs *sync_regs(struct pt_regs *eregs)
{
	struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)this_cpu_read(cpu_current_top_of_stack) - 1;
	if (regs != eregs)
		*regs = *eregs;
	return regs;
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(sync_regs);

struct bad_iret_stack {
	void *error_entry_ret;
	struct pt_regs regs;
};

asmlinkage __visible notrace
struct bad_iret_stack *fixup_bad_iret(struct bad_iret_stack *s)
{
	/*
	 * This is called from entry_64.S early in handling a fault
	 * caused by a bad iret to user mode.  To handle the fault
	 * correctly, we want to move our stack frame to where it would
	 * be had we entered directly on the entry stack (rather than
	 * just below the IRET frame) and we want to pretend that the
	 * exception came from the IRET target.
	 */
	struct bad_iret_stack *new_stack =
		(struct bad_iret_stack *)this_cpu_read(cpu_tss_rw.x86_tss.sp0) - 1;

	/* Copy the IRET target to the new stack. */
	memmove(&new_stack->regs.ip, (void *)s->regs.sp, 5*8);

	/* Copy the remainder of the stack from the current stack. */
	memmove(new_stack, s, offsetof(struct bad_iret_stack, regs.ip));

	BUG_ON(!user_mode(&new_stack->regs));
	return new_stack;
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(fixup_bad_iret);
#endif

static bool is_sysenter_singlestep(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	/*
	 * We don't try for precision here.  If we're anywhere in the region of
	 * code that can be single-stepped in the SYSENTER entry path, then
	 * assume that this is a useless single-step trap due to SYSENTER
	 * being invoked with TF set.  (We don't know in advance exactly
	 * which instructions will be hit because BTF could plausibly
	 * be set.)
	 */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
	return (regs->ip - (unsigned long)__begin_SYSENTER_singlestep_region) <
		(unsigned long)__end_SYSENTER_singlestep_region -
		(unsigned long)__begin_SYSENTER_singlestep_region;
#elif defined(CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION)
	return (regs->ip - (unsigned long)entry_SYSENTER_compat) <
		(unsigned long)__end_entry_SYSENTER_compat -
		(unsigned long)entry_SYSENTER_compat;
#else
	return false;
#endif
}

/*
 * Our handling of the processor debug registers is non-trivial.
 * We do not clear them on entry and exit from the kernel. Therefore
 * it is possible to get a watchpoint trap here from inside the kernel.
 * However, the code in ./ptrace.c has ensured that the user can
 * only set watchpoints on userspace addresses. Therefore the in-kernel
 * watchpoint trap can only occur in code which is reading/writing
 * from user space. Such code must not hold kernel locks (since it
 * can equally take a page fault), therefore it is safe to call
 * force_sig_info even though that claims and releases locks.
 *
 * Code in ./signal.c ensures that the debug control register
 * is restored before we deliver any signal, and therefore that
 * user code runs with the correct debug control register even though
 * we clear it here.
 *
 * Being careful here means that we don't have to be as careful in a
 * lot of more complicated places (task switching can be a bit lazy
 * about restoring all the debug state, and ptrace doesn't have to
 * find every occurrence of the TF bit that could be saved away even
 * by user code)
 *
 * May run on IST stack.
 */
dotraplinkage void do_debug(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
	int user_icebp = 0;
	unsigned long dr6;
	int si_code;

	ist_enter(regs);

	get_debugreg(dr6, 6);
	/*
	 * The Intel SDM says:
	 *
	 *   Certain debug exceptions may clear bits 0-3. The remaining
	 *   contents of the DR6 register are never cleared by the
	 *   processor. To avoid confusion in identifying debug
	 *   exceptions, debug handlers should clear the register before
	 *   returning to the interrupted task.
	 *
	 * Keep it simple: clear DR6 immediately.
	 */
	set_debugreg(0, 6);

	/* Filter out all the reserved bits which are preset to 1 */
	dr6 &= ~DR6_RESERVED;

	/*
	 * The SDM says "The processor clears the BTF flag when it
	 * generates a debug exception."  Clear TIF_BLOCKSTEP to keep
	 * TIF_BLOCKSTEP in sync with the hardware BTF flag.
	 */
	clear_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_BLOCKSTEP);

	if (unlikely(!user_mode(regs) && (dr6 & DR_STEP) &&
		     is_sysenter_singlestep(regs))) {
		dr6 &= ~DR_STEP;
		if (!dr6)
			goto exit;
		/*
		 * else we might have gotten a single-step trap and hit a
		 * watchpoint at the same time, in which case we should fall
		 * through and handle the watchpoint.
		 */
	}

	/*
	 * If dr6 has no reason to give us about the origin of this trap,
	 * then it's very likely the result of an icebp/int01 trap.
	 * User wants a sigtrap for that.
	 */
	if (!dr6 && user_mode(regs))
		user_icebp = 1;

	/* Store the virtualized DR6 value */
	tsk->thread.debugreg6 = dr6;

#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
	if (kprobe_debug_handler(regs))
		goto exit;
#endif

	if (notify_die(DIE_DEBUG, "debug", regs, (long)&dr6, error_code,
							SIGTRAP) == NOTIFY_STOP)
		goto exit;

	/*
	 * Let others (NMI) know that the debug stack is in use
	 * as we may switch to the interrupt stack.
	 */
	debug_stack_usage_inc();

	/* It's safe to allow irq's after DR6 has been saved */
	cond_local_irq_enable(regs);

	if (v8086_mode(regs)) {
		handle_vm86_trap((struct kernel_vm86_regs *) regs, error_code,
					X86_TRAP_DB);
		cond_local_irq_disable(regs);
		debug_stack_usage_dec();
		goto exit;
	}

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((dr6 & DR_STEP) && !user_mode(regs))) {
		/*
		 * Historical junk that used to handle SYSENTER single-stepping.
		 * This should be unreachable now.  If we survive for a while
		 * without anyone hitting this warning, we'll turn this into
		 * an oops.
		 */
		tsk->thread.debugreg6 &= ~DR_STEP;
		set_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_SINGLESTEP);
		regs->flags &= ~X86_EFLAGS_TF;
	}
	si_code = get_si_code(tsk->thread.debugreg6);
	if (tsk->thread.debugreg6 & (DR_STEP | DR_TRAP_BITS) || user_icebp)
		send_sigtrap(regs, error_code, si_code);
	cond_local_irq_disable(regs);
	debug_stack_usage_dec();

exit:
	ist_exit(regs);
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_debug);

/*
 * Note that we play around with the 'TS' bit in an attempt to get
 * the correct behaviour even in the presence of the asynchronous
 * IRQ13 behaviour
 */
static void math_error(struct pt_regs *regs, int error_code, int trapnr)
{
	struct task_struct *task = current;
	struct fpu *fpu = &task->thread.fpu;
	int si_code;
	char *str = (trapnr == X86_TRAP_MF) ? "fpu exception" :
						"simd exception";

	cond_local_irq_enable(regs);

	if (!user_mode(regs)) {
		if (fixup_exception(regs, trapnr, error_code, 0))
			return;

		task->thread.error_code = error_code;
		task->thread.trap_nr = trapnr;

		if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, str, regs, error_code,
					trapnr, SIGFPE) != NOTIFY_STOP)
			die(str, regs, error_code);
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Save the info for the exception handler and clear the error.
	 */
	fpu__save(fpu);

	task->thread.trap_nr	= trapnr;
	task->thread.error_code = error_code;

	si_code = fpu__exception_code(fpu, trapnr);
	/* Retry when we get spurious exceptions: */
	if (!si_code)
		return;

	force_sig_fault(SIGFPE, si_code,
			(void __user *)uprobe_get_trap_addr(regs));
}

dotraplinkage void do_coprocessor_error(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
	math_error(regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_MF);
}

dotraplinkage void
do_simd_coprocessor_error(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
	math_error(regs, error_code, X86_TRAP_XF);
}

dotraplinkage void
do_spurious_interrupt_bug(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	cond_local_irq_enable(regs);
}

dotraplinkage void
do_device_not_available(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	unsigned long cr0 = read_cr0();

	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");

#ifdef CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION
	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_FPU) && (cr0 & X86_CR0_EM)) {
		struct math_emu_info info = { };

		cond_local_irq_enable(regs);

		info.regs = regs;
		math_emulate(&info);
		return;
	}
#endif

	/* This should not happen. */
	if (WARN(cr0 & X86_CR0_TS, "CR0.TS was set")) {
		/* Try to fix it up and carry on. */
		write_cr0(cr0 & ~X86_CR0_TS);
	} else {
		/*
		 * Something terrible happened, and we're better off trying
		 * to kill the task than getting stuck in a never-ending
		 * loop of #NM faults.
		 */
		die("unexpected #NM exception", regs, error_code);
	}
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_device_not_available);

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
dotraplinkage void do_iret_error(struct pt_regs *regs, long error_code)
{
	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "entry code didn't wake RCU");
	local_irq_enable();

	if (notify_die(DIE_TRAP, "iret exception", regs, error_code,
			X86_TRAP_IRET, SIGILL) != NOTIFY_STOP) {
		do_trap(X86_TRAP_IRET, SIGILL, "iret exception", regs, error_code,
			ILL_BADSTK, (void __user *)NULL);
	}
}
#endif

void __init trap_init(void)
{
	/* Init cpu_entry_area before IST entries are set up */
	setup_cpu_entry_areas();

	idt_setup_traps();

	/*
	 * Set the IDT descriptor to a fixed read-only location, so that the
	 * "sidt" instruction will not leak the location of the kernel, and
	 * to defend the IDT against arbitrary memory write vulnerabilities.
	 * It will be reloaded in cpu_init() */
	cea_set_pte(CPU_ENTRY_AREA_RO_IDT_VADDR, __pa_symbol(idt_table),
		    PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
	idt_descr.address = CPU_ENTRY_AREA_RO_IDT;

	/*
	 * Should be a barrier for any external CPU state:
	 */
	cpu_init();

	idt_setup_ist_traps();

	x86_init.irqs.trap_init();

	idt_setup_debugidt_traps();
}