1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds 3 * 4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999 5 * 6 * Memory region support 7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999 8 * 9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions); 10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001 11 * 12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c 13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002 14 * 15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes). 16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002. 17 * 18 */ 19 20 /* 21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization 22 */ 23 24 #include <linux/sched.h> 25 #include <linux/mm.h> 26 #include <linux/mmzone.h> 27 #include <linux/screen_info.h> 28 #include <linux/ioport.h> 29 #include <linux/acpi.h> 30 #include <linux/sfi.h> 31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h> 32 #include <linux/initrd.h> 33 #include <linux/bootmem.h> 34 #include <linux/memblock.h> 35 #include <linux/seq_file.h> 36 #include <linux/console.h> 37 #include <linux/root_dev.h> 38 #include <linux/highmem.h> 39 #include <linux/module.h> 40 #include <linux/efi.h> 41 #include <linux/init.h> 42 #include <linux/edd.h> 43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h> 44 #include <linux/nodemask.h> 45 #include <linux/kexec.h> 46 #include <linux/dmi.h> 47 #include <linux/pfn.h> 48 #include <linux/pci.h> 49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h> 50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h> 51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h> 52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h> 53 54 #include <linux/errno.h> 55 #include <linux/kernel.h> 56 #include <linux/stddef.h> 57 #include <linux/unistd.h> 58 #include <linux/ptrace.h> 59 #include <linux/user.h> 60 #include <linux/delay.h> 61 62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h> 63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h> 64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h> 65 #include <linux/ctype.h> 66 #include <linux/uaccess.h> 67 68 #include <linux/percpu.h> 69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h> 70 #include <linux/tboot.h> 71 #include <linux/jiffies.h> 72 73 #include <video/edid.h> 74 75 #include <asm/mtrr.h> 76 #include <asm/apic.h> 77 #include <asm/realmode.h> 78 #include <asm/e820.h> 79 #include <asm/mpspec.h> 80 #include <asm/setup.h> 81 #include <asm/efi.h> 82 #include <asm/timer.h> 83 #include <asm/i8259.h> 84 #include <asm/sections.h> 85 #include <asm/io_apic.h> 86 #include <asm/ist.h> 87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h> 88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h> 89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h> 90 #include <asm/processor.h> 91 #include <asm/bugs.h> 92 #include <asm/kasan.h> 93 94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h> 95 #include <asm/cpu.h> 96 #include <asm/desc.h> 97 #include <asm/dma.h> 98 #include <asm/iommu.h> 99 #include <asm/gart.h> 100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h> 101 #include <asm/proto.h> 102 103 #include <asm/paravirt.h> 104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h> 105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h> 106 107 #include <asm/percpu.h> 108 #include <asm/topology.h> 109 #include <asm/apicdef.h> 110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h> 111 #include <asm/mce.h> 112 #include <asm/alternative.h> 113 #include <asm/prom.h> 114 #include <asm/microcode.h> 115 #include <asm/mmu_context.h> 116 117 /* 118 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB 119 * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB 120 * 121 * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are 122 * represented by pfn_mapped 123 */ 124 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped; 125 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped; 126 127 #ifdef CONFIG_DMI 128 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536); 129 #endif 130 131 132 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base; 133 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base; 134 135 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 136 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu) 137 { 138 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu); 139 } 140 141 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid) 142 { 143 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid); 144 } 145 #endif 146 147 struct boot_params boot_params; 148 149 /* 150 * Machine setup.. 151 */ 152 static struct resource data_resource = { 153 .name = "Kernel data", 154 .start = 0, 155 .end = 0, 156 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 157 }; 158 159 static struct resource code_resource = { 160 .name = "Kernel code", 161 .start = 0, 162 .end = 0, 163 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 164 }; 165 166 static struct resource bss_resource = { 167 .name = "Kernel bss", 168 .start = 0, 169 .end = 0, 170 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 171 }; 172 173 174 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 175 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */ 176 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data = { 177 .wp_works_ok = -1, 178 }; 179 /* common cpu data for all cpus */ 180 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = { 181 .wp_works_ok = -1, 182 }; 183 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data); 184 185 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp; 186 187 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */ 188 unsigned int machine_id; 189 unsigned int machine_submodel_id; 190 unsigned int BIOS_revision; 191 192 struct apm_info apm_info; 193 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info); 194 195 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \ 196 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE) 197 struct ist_info ist_info; 198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info); 199 #else 200 struct ist_info ist_info; 201 #endif 202 203 #else 204 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = { 205 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS, 206 }; 207 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data); 208 #endif 209 210 211 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64) 212 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features; 213 #else 214 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE; 215 #endif 216 217 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */ 218 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version; 219 220 /* 221 * Setup options 222 */ 223 struct screen_info screen_info; 224 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info); 225 struct edid_info edid_info; 226 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info); 227 228 extern int root_mountflags; 229 230 unsigned long saved_video_mode; 231 232 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF 233 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000 234 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000 235 236 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE]; 237 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL 238 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE; 239 #endif 240 241 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE) 242 struct edd edd; 243 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE 244 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd); 245 #endif 246 /** 247 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information 248 * from boot_params into a safe place. 249 * 250 */ 251 static inline void __init copy_edd(void) 252 { 253 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer, 254 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature)); 255 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info)); 256 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries; 257 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries; 258 } 259 #else 260 static inline void __init copy_edd(void) 261 { 262 } 263 #endif 264 265 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align) 266 { 267 size_t mask = align - 1; 268 void *ret; 269 270 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0); 271 BUG_ON(align & mask); 272 273 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask; 274 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit); 275 276 ret = (void *)_brk_end; 277 _brk_end += size; 278 279 memset(ret, 0, size); 280 281 return ret; 282 } 283 284 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 285 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void) 286 { 287 } 288 #endif 289 290 static void __init reserve_brk(void) 291 { 292 if (_brk_end > _brk_start) 293 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start), 294 _brk_end - _brk_start); 295 296 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any 297 new allocations */ 298 _brk_start = 0; 299 } 300 301 u64 relocated_ramdisk; 302 303 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD 304 305 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void) 306 { 307 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image; 308 309 ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32; 310 311 return ramdisk_image; 312 } 313 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void) 314 { 315 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size; 316 317 ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32; 318 319 return ramdisk_size; 320 } 321 322 static void __init relocate_initrd(void) 323 { 324 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 325 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 326 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 327 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size); 328 329 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */ 330 relocated_ramdisk = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped), 331 area_size, PAGE_SIZE); 332 333 if (!relocated_ramdisk) 334 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n", 335 ramdisk_size); 336 337 /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by 338 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */ 339 memblock_reserve(relocated_ramdisk, area_size); 340 initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET; 341 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size; 342 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", 343 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1); 344 345 copy_from_early_mem((void *)initrd_start, ramdisk_image, ramdisk_size); 346 347 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to" 348 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", 349 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1, 350 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1); 351 } 352 353 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void) 354 { 355 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 356 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 357 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 358 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size); 359 360 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader || 361 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size) 362 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */ 363 364 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image); 365 } 366 static void __init reserve_initrd(void) 367 { 368 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 369 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 370 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 371 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size); 372 u64 mapped_size; 373 374 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader || 375 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size) 376 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */ 377 378 initrd_start = 0; 379 380 mapped_size = memblock_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped); 381 if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1)) 382 panic("initrd too large to handle, " 383 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n", 384 ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1); 385 386 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image, 387 ramdisk_end - 1); 388 389 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image), 390 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) { 391 /* All are mapped, easy case */ 392 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET; 393 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size; 394 return; 395 } 396 397 relocate_initrd(); 398 399 memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image); 400 } 401 #else 402 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void) 403 { 404 } 405 static void __init reserve_initrd(void) 406 { 407 } 408 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */ 409 410 static void __init parse_setup_data(void) 411 { 412 struct setup_data *data; 413 u64 pa_data, pa_next; 414 415 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 416 while (pa_data) { 417 u32 data_len, data_type; 418 419 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 420 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data); 421 data_type = data->type; 422 pa_next = data->next; 423 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 424 425 switch (data_type) { 426 case SETUP_E820_EXT: 427 parse_e820_ext(pa_data, data_len); 428 break; 429 case SETUP_DTB: 430 add_dtb(pa_data); 431 break; 432 case SETUP_EFI: 433 parse_efi_setup(pa_data, data_len); 434 break; 435 default: 436 break; 437 } 438 pa_data = pa_next; 439 } 440 } 441 442 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void) 443 { 444 struct setup_data *data; 445 u64 pa_data; 446 447 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 448 if (!pa_data) 449 return; 450 451 while (pa_data) { 452 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 453 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len, 454 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN); 455 pa_data = data->next; 456 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 457 } 458 459 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map); 460 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map)); 461 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n"); 462 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data"); 463 } 464 465 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void) 466 { 467 struct setup_data *data; 468 u64 pa_data; 469 470 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 471 while (pa_data) { 472 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 473 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len); 474 pa_data = data->next; 475 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 476 } 477 } 478 479 /* 480 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------ 481 */ 482 483 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE 484 485 /* 16M alignment for crash kernel regions */ 486 #define CRASH_ALIGN (16 << 20) 487 488 /* 489 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels 490 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions. 491 * On 64bit, old kexec-tools need to under 896MiB. 492 */ 493 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 494 # define CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX (512 << 20) 495 # define CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX (512 << 20) 496 #else 497 # define CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX (896UL << 20) 498 # define CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX MAXMEM 499 #endif 500 501 static int __init reserve_crashkernel_low(void) 502 { 503 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 504 unsigned long long base, low_base = 0, low_size = 0; 505 unsigned long total_low_mem; 506 int ret; 507 508 total_low_mem = memblock_mem_size(1UL << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT)); 509 510 /* crashkernel=Y,low */ 511 ret = parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line, total_low_mem, &low_size, &base); 512 if (ret) { 513 /* 514 * two parts from lib/swiotlb.c: 515 * -swiotlb size: user-specified with swiotlb= or default. 516 * 517 * -swiotlb overflow buffer: now hardcoded to 32k. We round it 518 * to 8M for other buffers that may need to stay low too. Also 519 * make sure we allocate enough extra low memory so that we 520 * don't run out of DMA buffers for 32-bit devices. 521 */ 522 low_size = max(swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL << 20), 256UL << 20); 523 } else { 524 /* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */ 525 if (!low_size) 526 return 0; 527 } 528 529 low_base = memblock_find_in_range(low_size, 1ULL << 32, low_size, CRASH_ALIGN); 530 if (!low_base) { 531 pr_err("Cannot reserve %ldMB crashkernel low memory, please try smaller size.\n", 532 (unsigned long)(low_size >> 20)); 533 return -ENOMEM; 534 } 535 536 ret = memblock_reserve(low_base, low_size); 537 if (ret) { 538 pr_err("%s: Error reserving crashkernel low memblock.\n", __func__); 539 return ret; 540 } 541 542 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System low RAM: %ldMB)\n", 543 (unsigned long)(low_size >> 20), 544 (unsigned long)(low_base >> 20), 545 (unsigned long)(total_low_mem >> 20)); 546 547 crashk_low_res.start = low_base; 548 crashk_low_res.end = low_base + low_size - 1; 549 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_low_res); 550 #endif 551 return 0; 552 } 553 554 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void) 555 { 556 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base, total_mem; 557 bool high = false; 558 int ret; 559 560 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size(); 561 562 /* crashkernel=XM */ 563 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem, &crash_size, &crash_base); 564 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0) { 565 /* crashkernel=X,high */ 566 ret = parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line, total_mem, 567 &crash_size, &crash_base); 568 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0) 569 return; 570 high = true; 571 } 572 573 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */ 574 if (crash_base <= 0) { 575 /* 576 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX 577 */ 578 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(CRASH_ALIGN, 579 high ? CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX 580 : CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX, 581 crash_size, CRASH_ALIGN); 582 if (!crash_base) { 583 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n"); 584 return; 585 } 586 587 } else { 588 unsigned long long start; 589 590 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base, 591 crash_base + crash_size, 592 crash_size, 1 << 20); 593 if (start != crash_base) { 594 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n"); 595 return; 596 } 597 } 598 ret = memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size); 599 if (ret) { 600 pr_err("%s: Error reserving crashkernel memblock.\n", __func__); 601 return; 602 } 603 604 if (crash_base >= (1ULL << 32) && reserve_crashkernel_low()) { 605 memblock_free(crash_base, crash_size); 606 return; 607 } 608 609 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n", 610 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20), 611 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20), 612 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20)); 613 614 crashk_res.start = crash_base; 615 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1; 616 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res); 617 } 618 #else 619 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void) 620 { 621 } 622 #endif 623 624 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = { 625 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f, 626 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 627 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21, 628 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 629 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43, 630 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 631 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53, 632 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 633 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60, 634 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 635 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64, 636 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 637 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f, 638 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 639 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1, 640 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 641 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf, 642 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 643 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff, 644 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO } 645 }; 646 647 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void) 648 { 649 int i; 650 651 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */ 652 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++) 653 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]); 654 655 } 656 657 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void) 658 { 659 unsigned long addr, size = 0; 660 661 addr = find_ibft_region(&size); 662 663 if (size) 664 memblock_reserve(addr, size); 665 } 666 667 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void) 668 { 669 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI 670 int i; 671 u16 vendor, devid; 672 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = { 673 0x0102, 674 0x0112, 675 0x0122, 676 0x0106, 677 0x0116, 678 0x0126, 679 0x010a, 680 }; 681 682 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */ 683 if (!early_pci_allowed()) 684 return false; 685 686 vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID); 687 if (vendor != 0x8086) 688 return false; 689 690 devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID); 691 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++) 692 if (devid == snb_ids[i]) 693 return true; 694 #endif 695 696 return false; 697 } 698 699 /* 700 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude 701 * them from allocation. 702 */ 703 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void) 704 { 705 static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = { 706 0x20050000, 707 0x20110000, 708 0x20130000, 709 0x20138000, 710 0x40004000, 711 }; 712 int i; 713 714 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed()) 715 return; 716 717 printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n"); 718 719 /* 720 * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not 721 * already been reserved. 722 */ 723 memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20); 724 725 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) { 726 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE)) 727 printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n", 728 bad_pages[i]); 729 } 730 } 731 732 /* 733 * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e. 734 * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on 735 * specific platforms. 736 * 737 * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism. 738 */ 739 static void __init trim_platform_memory_ranges(void) 740 { 741 trim_snb_memory(); 742 } 743 744 static void __init trim_bios_range(void) 745 { 746 /* 747 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory; 748 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally 749 * not listed as such in the E820 table. 750 * 751 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default) 752 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the 753 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW. 754 */ 755 e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED); 756 757 /* 758 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS 759 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not. 760 * take them out. 761 */ 762 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1); 763 764 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map); 765 } 766 767 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */ 768 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void) 769 { 770 u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text); 771 u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start; 772 773 /* 774 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and 775 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS, 776 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to 777 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM, 778 * we will crash later anyways. 779 */ 780 if (e820_all_mapped(start, start + size, E820_RAM)) 781 return; 782 783 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n"); 784 e820_remove_range(start, size, E820_RAM, 0); 785 e820_add_region(start, size, E820_RAM); 786 } 787 788 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10; 789 790 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p) 791 { 792 unsigned long long size; 793 794 if (!p) 795 return -EINVAL; 796 797 size = memparse(p, &p); 798 799 if (size < 4096) 800 size = 4096; 801 802 if (size > 640*1024) 803 size = 640*1024; 804 805 reserve_low = size; 806 807 return 0; 808 } 809 810 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow); 811 812 static void __init trim_low_memory_range(void) 813 { 814 memblock_reserve(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE)); 815 } 816 817 /* 818 * Dump out kernel offset information on panic. 819 */ 820 static int 821 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long v, void *p) 822 { 823 if (kaslr_enabled()) { 824 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx (relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n", 825 kaslr_offset(), 826 __START_KERNEL, 827 __START_KERNEL_map, 828 MODULES_VADDR-1); 829 } else { 830 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: disabled\n"); 831 } 832 833 return 0; 834 } 835 836 /* 837 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been 838 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures 839 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the 840 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing 841 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems. 842 */ 843 /* 844 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations 845 * 846 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called. 847 */ 848 849 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p) 850 { 851 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text), 852 (unsigned long)__bss_stop - (unsigned long)_text); 853 854 early_reserve_initrd(); 855 856 /* 857 * At this point everything still needed from the boot loader 858 * or BIOS or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not 859 * RAM in e820. All other memory is free game. 860 */ 861 862 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 863 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data)); 864 865 /* 866 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch 867 * to the proper swapper page table 868 */ 869 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 870 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 871 KERNEL_PGD_PTRS); 872 873 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir); 874 /* 875 * Note: Quark X1000 CPUs advertise PGE incorrectly and require 876 * a cr3 based tlb flush, so the following __flush_tlb_all() 877 * will not flush anything because the cpu quirk which clears 878 * X86_FEATURE_PGE has not been invoked yet. Though due to the 879 * load_cr3() above the TLB has been flushed already. The 880 * quirk is invoked before subsequent calls to __flush_tlb_all() 881 * so proper operation is guaranteed. 882 */ 883 __flush_tlb_all(); 884 #else 885 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line); 886 #endif 887 888 /* 889 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to 890 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area. 891 */ 892 olpc_ofw_detect(); 893 894 early_trap_init(); 895 early_cpu_init(); 896 early_ioremap_init(); 897 898 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd(); 899 900 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev); 901 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info; 902 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info; 903 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 904 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info; 905 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info; 906 #endif 907 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode; 908 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader; 909 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) { 910 bootloader_type &= 0xf; 911 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4; 912 } 913 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf; 914 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4; 915 916 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM 917 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK; 918 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0); 919 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0); 920 #endif 921 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI 922 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature, 923 EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) { 924 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags); 925 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature, 926 EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) { 927 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags); 928 set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &efi.flags); 929 } 930 931 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 932 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range(); 933 #endif 934 935 x86_init.oem.arch_setup(); 936 937 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1; 938 setup_memory_map(); 939 parse_setup_data(); 940 941 copy_edd(); 942 943 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags) 944 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY; 945 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text; 946 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext; 947 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata; 948 init_mm.brk = _brk_end; 949 950 mpx_mm_init(&init_mm); 951 952 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text); 953 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1; 954 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_etext); 955 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1; 956 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start); 957 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1; 958 959 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL 960 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE 961 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 962 #else 963 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) { 964 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */ 965 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 966 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 967 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 968 } 969 #endif 970 #endif 971 972 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 973 *cmdline_p = command_line; 974 975 /* 976 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect 977 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug 978 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called 979 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters 980 * to honor the respective command line option. 981 */ 982 x86_configure_nx(); 983 984 parse_early_param(); 985 986 x86_report_nx(); 987 988 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */ 989 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(); 990 991 if (acpi_mps_check()) { 992 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC 993 disable_apic = 1; 994 #endif 995 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC); 996 } 997 998 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI 999 if (pci_early_dump_regs) 1000 early_dump_pci_devices(); 1001 #endif 1002 1003 /* update the e820_saved too */ 1004 e820_reserve_setup_data(); 1005 finish_e820_parsing(); 1006 1007 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 1008 efi_init(); 1009 1010 dmi_scan_machine(); 1011 dmi_memdev_walk(); 1012 dmi_set_dump_stack_arch_desc(); 1013 1014 /* 1015 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this 1016 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP. 1017 */ 1018 init_hypervisor_platform(); 1019 1020 x86_init.resources.probe_roms(); 1021 1022 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */ 1023 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource); 1024 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource); 1025 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource); 1026 1027 e820_add_kernel_range(); 1028 trim_bios_range(); 1029 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1030 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) { 1031 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM, 1032 E820_RESERVED); 1033 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map); 1034 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n"); 1035 e820_print_map("bad_ppro"); 1036 } 1037 #else 1038 early_gart_iommu_check(); 1039 #endif 1040 1041 /* 1042 * partially used pages are not usable - thus 1043 * we are rounding upwards: 1044 */ 1045 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn(); 1046 1047 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */ 1048 mtrr_bp_init(); 1049 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn)) 1050 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn(); 1051 1052 max_possible_pfn = max_pfn; 1053 1054 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1055 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */ 1056 find_low_pfn_range(); 1057 #else 1058 check_x2apic(); 1059 1060 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */ 1061 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */ 1062 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT))) 1063 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn(); 1064 else 1065 max_low_pfn = max_pfn; 1066 1067 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1; 1068 #endif 1069 1070 /* 1071 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration: 1072 */ 1073 find_smp_config(); 1074 1075 reserve_ibft_region(); 1076 1077 early_alloc_pgt_buf(); 1078 1079 /* 1080 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill() 1081 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with 1082 * brk area. 1083 */ 1084 reserve_brk(); 1085 1086 cleanup_highmap(); 1087 1088 memblock_set_current_limit(ISA_END_ADDRESS); 1089 memblock_x86_fill(); 1090 1091 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) { 1092 efi_fake_memmap(); 1093 efi_find_mirror(); 1094 } 1095 1096 /* 1097 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called 1098 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie. 1099 */ 1100 if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP)) 1101 efi_reserve_boot_services(); 1102 1103 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */ 1104 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new(); 1105 1106 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION 1107 setup_bios_corruption_check(); 1108 #endif 1109 1110 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1111 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n", 1112 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1); 1113 #endif 1114 1115 reserve_real_mode(); 1116 1117 trim_platform_memory_ranges(); 1118 trim_low_memory_range(); 1119 1120 init_mem_mapping(); 1121 1122 early_trap_pf_init(); 1123 1124 setup_real_mode(); 1125 1126 memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped()); 1127 1128 /* 1129 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use. 1130 */ 1131 1132 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT 1133 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early) 1134 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers(); 1135 #endif 1136 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */ 1137 setup_log_buf(1); 1138 1139 reserve_initrd(); 1140 1141 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI) && defined(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD) 1142 acpi_initrd_override((void *)initrd_start, initrd_end - initrd_start); 1143 #endif 1144 1145 vsmp_init(); 1146 1147 io_delay_init(); 1148 1149 /* 1150 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration. 1151 */ 1152 acpi_boot_table_init(); 1153 1154 early_acpi_boot_init(); 1155 1156 initmem_init(); 1157 dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT); 1158 1159 /* 1160 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it 1161 * won't consume hotpluggable memory. 1162 */ 1163 reserve_crashkernel(); 1164 1165 memblock_find_dma_reserve(); 1166 1167 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST 1168 kvmclock_init(); 1169 #endif 1170 1171 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init(); 1172 1173 kasan_init(); 1174 1175 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) { 1176 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */ 1177 mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4(); 1178 if (trampoline_cr4_features) 1179 *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features; 1180 } 1181 1182 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1183 /* sync back kernel address range */ 1184 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 1185 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 1186 KERNEL_PGD_PTRS); 1187 1188 /* 1189 * sync back low identity map too. It is used for example 1190 * in the 32-bit EFI stub. 1191 */ 1192 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table, 1193 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 1194 min(KERNEL_PGD_PTRS, KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY)); 1195 #endif 1196 1197 tboot_probe(); 1198 1199 map_vsyscall(); 1200 1201 generic_apic_probe(); 1202 1203 early_quirks(); 1204 1205 /* 1206 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables. 1207 */ 1208 acpi_boot_init(); 1209 sfi_init(); 1210 x86_dtb_init(); 1211 1212 /* 1213 * get boot-time SMP configuration: 1214 */ 1215 if (smp_found_config) 1216 get_smp_config(); 1217 1218 prefill_possible_map(); 1219 1220 init_cpu_to_node(); 1221 1222 init_apic_mappings(); 1223 io_apic_init_mappings(); 1224 1225 kvm_guest_init(); 1226 1227 e820_reserve_resources(); 1228 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn); 1229 1230 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources(); 1231 1232 e820_setup_gap(); 1233 1234 #ifdef CONFIG_VT 1235 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE) 1236 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)) 1237 conswitchp = &vga_con; 1238 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE) 1239 conswitchp = &dummy_con; 1240 #endif 1241 #endif 1242 x86_init.oem.banner(); 1243 1244 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init(); 1245 1246 mcheck_init(); 1247 1248 arch_init_ideal_nops(); 1249 1250 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE); 1251 1252 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI 1253 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 1254 efi_apply_memmap_quirks(); 1255 #endif 1256 } 1257 1258 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1259 1260 static struct resource video_ram_resource = { 1261 .name = "Video RAM area", 1262 .start = 0xa0000, 1263 .end = 0xbffff, 1264 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM 1265 }; 1266 1267 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void) 1268 { 1269 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource); 1270 reserve_standard_io_resources(); 1271 } 1272 1273 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */ 1274 1275 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier = { 1276 .notifier_call = dump_kernel_offset 1277 }; 1278 1279 static int __init register_kernel_offset_dumper(void) 1280 { 1281 atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list, 1282 &kernel_offset_notifier); 1283 return 0; 1284 } 1285 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper); 1286 1287 void arch_show_smap(struct seq_file *m, struct vm_area_struct *vma) 1288 { 1289 if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_OSPKE)) 1290 return; 1291 1292 seq_printf(m, "ProtectionKey: %8u\n", vma_pkey(vma)); 1293 } 1294