xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c (revision af958a38)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
3  *
4  *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
5  *
6  *  Memory region support
7  *	David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
8  *
9  *  Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10  *  Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
11  *
12  * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13  *    Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
14  *
15  *  Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16  *  Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
17  *
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
22  */
23 
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
25 #include <linux/mm.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
53 
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
61 
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
67 
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
72 
73 #include <video/edid.h>
74 
75 #include <asm/mtrr.h>
76 #include <asm/apic.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
78 #include <asm/e820.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
81 #include <asm/efi.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
85 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
86 #include <asm/ist.h>
87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
90 #include <asm/processor.h>
91 #include <asm/bugs.h>
92 
93 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
94 #include <asm/cpu.h>
95 #include <asm/desc.h>
96 #include <asm/dma.h>
97 #include <asm/iommu.h>
98 #include <asm/gart.h>
99 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
100 #include <asm/proto.h>
101 
102 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
103 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
104 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
105 
106 #include <asm/percpu.h>
107 #include <asm/topology.h>
108 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
109 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
110 #include <asm/mce.h>
111 #include <asm/alternative.h>
112 #include <asm/prom.h>
113 
114 /*
115  * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
116  * max_pfn_mapped:     highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
117  *
118  * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
119  * represented by pfn_mapped
120  */
121 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
122 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
123 
124 #ifdef CONFIG_DMI
125 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
126 #endif
127 
128 
129 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
130 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
131 
132 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
133 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
134 {
135 	return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
136 }
137 
138 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
139 {
140 	return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
141 }
142 #endif
143 
144 struct boot_params boot_params;
145 
146 /*
147  * Machine setup..
148  */
149 static struct resource data_resource = {
150 	.name	= "Kernel data",
151 	.start	= 0,
152 	.end	= 0,
153 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
154 };
155 
156 static struct resource code_resource = {
157 	.name	= "Kernel code",
158 	.start	= 0,
159 	.end	= 0,
160 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
161 };
162 
163 static struct resource bss_resource = {
164 	.name	= "Kernel bss",
165 	.start	= 0,
166 	.end	= 0,
167 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
168 };
169 
170 
171 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
172 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
173 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data = {
174 	.wp_works_ok = -1,
175 };
176 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
177 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
178 	.wp_works_ok = -1,
179 };
180 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
181 
182 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
183 
184 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
185 unsigned int machine_id;
186 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
187 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
188 
189 struct apm_info apm_info;
190 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
191 
192 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
193 	defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
194 struct ist_info ist_info;
195 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
196 #else
197 struct ist_info ist_info;
198 #endif
199 
200 #else
201 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
202 	.x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
203 };
204 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
205 #endif
206 
207 
208 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
209 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
210 #else
211 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
212 #endif
213 
214 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
215 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
216 
217 /*
218  * Setup options
219  */
220 struct screen_info screen_info;
221 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
222 struct edid_info edid_info;
223 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
224 
225 extern int root_mountflags;
226 
227 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
228 
229 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK	0x07FF
230 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG		0x8000
231 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG		0x4000
232 
233 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
234 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
235 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
236 #endif
237 
238 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
239 struct edd edd;
240 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
241 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd);
242 #endif
243 /**
244  * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
245  *              from boot_params into a safe place.
246  *
247  */
248 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
249 {
250      memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
251 	    sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
252      memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
253      edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
254      edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
255 }
256 #else
257 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
258 {
259 }
260 #endif
261 
262 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
263 {
264 	size_t mask = align - 1;
265 	void *ret;
266 
267 	BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
268 	BUG_ON(align & mask);
269 
270 	_brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
271 	BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
272 
273 	ret = (void *)_brk_end;
274 	_brk_end += size;
275 
276 	memset(ret, 0, size);
277 
278 	return ret;
279 }
280 
281 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
282 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
283 {
284 }
285 #endif
286 
287 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
288 {
289 	if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
290 		memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start),
291 				 _brk_end - _brk_start);
292 
293 	/* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
294 	   new allocations */
295 	_brk_start = 0;
296 }
297 
298 u64 relocated_ramdisk;
299 
300 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
301 
302 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void)
303 {
304 	u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
305 
306 	ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32;
307 
308 	return ramdisk_image;
309 }
310 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void)
311 {
312 	u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
313 
314 	ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32;
315 
316 	return ramdisk_size;
317 }
318 
319 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK	(NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
320 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
321 {
322 	/* Assume only end is not page aligned */
323 	u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
324 	u64 ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
325 	u64 area_size     = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
326 	unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
327 	char *p, *q;
328 
329 	/* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
330 	relocated_ramdisk = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped),
331 						   area_size, PAGE_SIZE);
332 
333 	if (!relocated_ramdisk)
334 		panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
335 		      ramdisk_size);
336 
337 	/* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
338 	   the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
339 	memblock_reserve(relocated_ramdisk, area_size);
340 	initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET;
341 	initrd_end   = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
342 	printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
343 	       relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
344 
345 	q = (char *)initrd_start;
346 
347 	/* Copy the initrd */
348 	while (ramdisk_size) {
349 		slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
350 		clen = ramdisk_size;
351 		if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
352 			clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
353 		mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
354 		p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
355 		memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
356 		early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
357 		q += clen;
358 		ramdisk_image += clen;
359 		ramdisk_size  -= clen;
360 	}
361 
362 	ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
363 	ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
364 	printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
365 		" [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
366 		ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
367 		relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
368 }
369 
370 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
371 {
372 	/* Assume only end is not page aligned */
373 	u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
374 	u64 ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
375 	u64 ramdisk_end   = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
376 
377 	if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
378 	    !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
379 		return;		/* No initrd provided by bootloader */
380 
381 	memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
382 }
383 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
384 {
385 	/* Assume only end is not page aligned */
386 	u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
387 	u64 ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
388 	u64 ramdisk_end   = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
389 	u64 mapped_size;
390 
391 	if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
392 	    !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
393 		return;		/* No initrd provided by bootloader */
394 
395 	initrd_start = 0;
396 
397 	mapped_size = memblock_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped);
398 	if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1))
399 		panic("initrd too large to handle, "
400 		       "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
401 		       ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1);
402 
403 	printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
404 			ramdisk_end - 1);
405 
406 	if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image),
407 				PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) {
408 		/* All are mapped, easy case */
409 		initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
410 		initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
411 		return;
412 	}
413 
414 	relocate_initrd();
415 
416 	memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
417 }
418 #else
419 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
420 {
421 }
422 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
423 {
424 }
425 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
426 
427 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
428 {
429 	struct setup_data *data;
430 	u64 pa_data, pa_next;
431 
432 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
433 	while (pa_data) {
434 		u32 data_len, map_len, data_type;
435 
436 		map_len = max(PAGE_SIZE - (pa_data & ~PAGE_MASK),
437 			      (u64)sizeof(struct setup_data));
438 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, map_len);
439 		data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
440 		data_type = data->type;
441 		pa_next = data->next;
442 		early_iounmap(data, map_len);
443 
444 		switch (data_type) {
445 		case SETUP_E820_EXT:
446 			parse_e820_ext(pa_data, data_len);
447 			break;
448 		case SETUP_DTB:
449 			add_dtb(pa_data);
450 			break;
451 		case SETUP_EFI:
452 			parse_efi_setup(pa_data, data_len);
453 			break;
454 		default:
455 			break;
456 		}
457 		pa_data = pa_next;
458 	}
459 }
460 
461 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
462 {
463 	struct setup_data *data;
464 	u64 pa_data;
465 	int found = 0;
466 
467 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
468 	while (pa_data) {
469 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
470 		e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
471 			 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
472 		found = 1;
473 		pa_data = data->next;
474 		early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
475 	}
476 	if (!found)
477 		return;
478 
479 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
480 	memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
481 	printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
482 	e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
483 }
484 
485 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
486 {
487 	struct setup_data *data;
488 	u64 pa_data;
489 
490 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
491 	while (pa_data) {
492 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
493 		memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
494 		pa_data = data->next;
495 		early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
496 	}
497 }
498 
499 /*
500  * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
501  */
502 
503 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
504 
505 /*
506  * Keep the crash kernel below this limit.  On 32 bits earlier kernels
507  * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
508  * On 64bit, old kexec-tools need to under 896MiB.
509  */
510 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
511 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX	(512 << 20)
512 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX	(512 << 20)
513 #else
514 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX	(896UL<<20)
515 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX	MAXMEM
516 #endif
517 
518 static void __init reserve_crashkernel_low(void)
519 {
520 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
521 	const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20;	/* 16M */
522 	unsigned long long low_base = 0, low_size = 0;
523 	unsigned long total_low_mem;
524 	unsigned long long base;
525 	bool auto_set = false;
526 	int ret;
527 
528 	total_low_mem = memblock_mem_size(1UL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT));
529 	/* crashkernel=Y,low */
530 	ret = parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line, total_low_mem,
531 						&low_size, &base);
532 	if (ret != 0) {
533 		/*
534 		 * two parts from lib/swiotlb.c:
535 		 *	swiotlb size: user specified with swiotlb= or default.
536 		 *	swiotlb overflow buffer: now is hardcoded to 32k.
537 		 *		We round it to 8M for other buffers that
538 		 *		may need to stay low too.
539 		 */
540 		low_size = swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL<<20);
541 		auto_set = true;
542 	} else {
543 		/* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */
544 		if (!low_size)
545 			return;
546 	}
547 
548 	low_base = memblock_find_in_range(low_size, (1ULL<<32),
549 					low_size, alignment);
550 
551 	if (!low_base) {
552 		if (!auto_set)
553 			pr_info("crashkernel low reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
554 
555 		return;
556 	}
557 
558 	memblock_reserve(low_base, low_size);
559 	pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System low RAM: %ldMB)\n",
560 			(unsigned long)(low_size >> 20),
561 			(unsigned long)(low_base >> 20),
562 			(unsigned long)(total_low_mem >> 20));
563 	crashk_low_res.start = low_base;
564 	crashk_low_res.end   = low_base + low_size - 1;
565 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_low_res);
566 #endif
567 }
568 
569 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
570 {
571 	const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20;	/* 16M */
572 	unsigned long long total_mem;
573 	unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
574 	bool high = false;
575 	int ret;
576 
577 	total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
578 
579 	/* crashkernel=XM */
580 	ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
581 			&crash_size, &crash_base);
582 	if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0) {
583 		/* crashkernel=X,high */
584 		ret = parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line, total_mem,
585 				&crash_size, &crash_base);
586 		if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
587 			return;
588 		high = true;
589 	}
590 
591 	/* 0 means: find the address automatically */
592 	if (crash_base <= 0) {
593 		/*
594 		 *  kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
595 		 */
596 		crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
597 					high ? CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX :
598 					       CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX,
599 					crash_size, alignment);
600 
601 		if (!crash_base) {
602 			pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
603 			return;
604 		}
605 
606 	} else {
607 		unsigned long long start;
608 
609 		start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
610 				 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
611 		if (start != crash_base) {
612 			pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
613 			return;
614 		}
615 	}
616 	memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
617 
618 	printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
619 			"for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
620 			(unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
621 			(unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
622 			(unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
623 
624 	crashk_res.start = crash_base;
625 	crashk_res.end   = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
626 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
627 
628 	if (crash_base >= (1ULL<<32))
629 		reserve_crashkernel_low();
630 }
631 #else
632 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
633 {
634 }
635 #endif
636 
637 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
638 	{ .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
639 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
640 	{ .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
641 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
642 	{ .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
643 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
644 	{ .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
645 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
646 	{ .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
647 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
648 	{ .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
649 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
650 	{ .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
651 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
652 	{ .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
653 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
654 	{ .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
655 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
656 	{ .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
657 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
658 };
659 
660 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
661 {
662 	int i;
663 
664 	/* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
665 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
666 		request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
667 
668 }
669 
670 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
671 {
672 	unsigned long addr, size = 0;
673 
674 	addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
675 
676 	if (size)
677 		memblock_reserve(addr, size);
678 }
679 
680 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
681 {
682 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
683 	int i;
684 	u16 vendor, devid;
685 	static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = {
686 		0x0102,
687 		0x0112,
688 		0x0122,
689 		0x0106,
690 		0x0116,
691 		0x0126,
692 		0x010a,
693 	};
694 
695 	/* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
696 	if (!early_pci_allowed())
697 		return false;
698 
699 	vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID);
700 	if (vendor != 0x8086)
701 		return false;
702 
703 	devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID);
704 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++)
705 		if (devid == snb_ids[i])
706 			return true;
707 #endif
708 
709 	return false;
710 }
711 
712 /*
713  * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
714  * them from allocation.
715  */
716 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void)
717 {
718 	static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = {
719 		0x20050000,
720 		0x20110000,
721 		0x20130000,
722 		0x20138000,
723 		0x40004000,
724 	};
725 	int i;
726 
727 	if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
728 		return;
729 
730 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
731 
732 	/*
733 	 * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not
734 	 * already been reserved.
735 	 */
736 	memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20);
737 
738 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) {
739 		if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE))
740 			printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
741 			       bad_pages[i]);
742 	}
743 }
744 
745 /*
746  * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e.
747  * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on
748  * specific platforms.
749  *
750  * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism.
751  */
752 static void __init trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)
753 {
754 	trim_snb_memory();
755 }
756 
757 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
758 {
759 	/*
760 	 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
761 	 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
762 	 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
763 	 *
764 	 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
765 	 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory.  See the
766 	 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
767 	 */
768 	e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
769 
770 	/*
771 	 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
772 	 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
773 	 * take them out.
774 	 */
775 	e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
776 
777 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
778 }
779 
780 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */
781 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void)
782 {
783 	u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text);
784 	u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start;
785 
786 	/*
787 	 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
788 	 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
789 	 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to
790 	 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM,
791 	 * we will crash later anyways.
792 	 */
793 	if (e820_all_mapped(start, start + size, E820_RAM))
794 		return;
795 
796 	pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
797 	e820_remove_range(start, size, E820_RAM, 0);
798 	e820_add_region(start, size, E820_RAM);
799 }
800 
801 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
802 
803 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
804 {
805 	unsigned long long size;
806 
807 	if (!p)
808 		return -EINVAL;
809 
810 	size = memparse(p, &p);
811 
812 	if (size < 4096)
813 		size = 4096;
814 
815 	if (size > 640*1024)
816 		size = 640*1024;
817 
818 	reserve_low = size;
819 
820 	return 0;
821 }
822 
823 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
824 
825 static void __init trim_low_memory_range(void)
826 {
827 	memblock_reserve(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE));
828 }
829 
830 /*
831  * Dump out kernel offset information on panic.
832  */
833 static int
834 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long v, void *p)
835 {
836 	pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx "
837 		 "(relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n",
838 		 (unsigned long)&_text - __START_KERNEL, __START_KERNEL,
839 		 __START_KERNEL_map, MODULES_VADDR-1);
840 
841 	return 0;
842 }
843 
844 /*
845  * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader.  If so, then we have also been
846  * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
847  * for initialization.  Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
848  * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
849  * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
850  */
851 /*
852  * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
853  *
854  * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
855  */
856 
857 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
858 {
859 	memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text),
860 			 (unsigned long)__bss_stop - (unsigned long)_text);
861 
862 	early_reserve_initrd();
863 
864 	/*
865 	 * At this point everything still needed from the boot loader
866 	 * or BIOS or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not
867 	 * RAM in e820. All other memory is free game.
868 	 */
869 
870 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
871 	memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
872 
873 	/*
874 	 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
875 	 * to the proper swapper page table
876 	 */
877 	clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
878 			initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
879 			KERNEL_PGD_PTRS);
880 
881 	load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
882 	__flush_tlb_all();
883 #else
884 	printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
885 #endif
886 
887 	/*
888 	 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
889 	 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
890 	 */
891 	olpc_ofw_detect();
892 
893 	early_trap_init();
894 	early_cpu_init();
895 	early_ioremap_init();
896 
897 	setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
898 
899 	ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
900 	screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
901 	edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
902 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
903 	apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
904 	ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
905 	if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
906 		machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
907 		machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
908 		BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
909 	}
910 #endif
911 	saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
912 	bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
913 	if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
914 		bootloader_type &= 0xf;
915 		bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
916 	}
917 	bootloader_version  = bootloader_type & 0xf;
918 	bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
919 
920 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
921 	rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
922 	rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
923 	rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
924 #endif
925 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
926 	if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
927 		     EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) {
928 		set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags);
929 	} else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
930 		     EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) {
931 		set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags);
932 		set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &efi.flags);
933 	}
934 
935 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
936 		efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
937 #endif
938 
939 	x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
940 
941 	iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
942 	setup_memory_map();
943 	parse_setup_data();
944 
945 	copy_edd();
946 
947 	if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
948 		root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
949 	init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
950 	init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
951 	init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
952 	init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
953 
954 	code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text);
955 	code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1;
956 	data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_etext);
957 	data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1;
958 	bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start);
959 	bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1;
960 
961 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
962 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
963 	strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
964 #else
965 	if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
966 		/* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
967 		strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
968 		strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
969 		strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
970 	}
971 #endif
972 #endif
973 
974 	strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
975 	*cmdline_p = command_line;
976 
977 	/*
978 	 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
979 	 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
980 	 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
981 	 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
982 	 * to honor the respective command line option.
983 	 */
984 	x86_configure_nx();
985 
986 	parse_early_param();
987 
988 	x86_report_nx();
989 
990 	/* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
991 	memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
992 
993 	if (acpi_mps_check()) {
994 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
995 		disable_apic = 1;
996 #endif
997 		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
998 	}
999 
1000 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
1001 	if (pci_early_dump_regs)
1002 		early_dump_pci_devices();
1003 #endif
1004 
1005 	/* update the e820_saved too */
1006 	e820_reserve_setup_data();
1007 	finish_e820_parsing();
1008 
1009 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
1010 		efi_init();
1011 
1012 	dmi_scan_machine();
1013 	dmi_memdev_walk();
1014 	dmi_set_dump_stack_arch_desc();
1015 
1016 	/*
1017 	 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
1018 	 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
1019 	 */
1020 	init_hypervisor_platform();
1021 
1022 	x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
1023 
1024 	/* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
1025 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
1026 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
1027 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
1028 
1029 	e820_add_kernel_range();
1030 	trim_bios_range();
1031 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1032 	if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
1033 		e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
1034 				  E820_RESERVED);
1035 		sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
1036 		printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
1037 		e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
1038 	}
1039 #else
1040 	early_gart_iommu_check();
1041 #endif
1042 
1043 	/*
1044 	 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
1045 	 * we are rounding upwards:
1046 	 */
1047 	max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1048 
1049 	/* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
1050 	mtrr_bp_init();
1051 	if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
1052 		max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1053 
1054 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1055 	/* max_low_pfn get updated here */
1056 	find_low_pfn_range();
1057 #else
1058 	check_x2apic();
1059 
1060 	/* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
1061 	/* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
1062 	if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
1063 		max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
1064 	else
1065 		max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
1066 
1067 	high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
1068 #endif
1069 
1070 	/*
1071 	 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
1072 	 */
1073 	find_smp_config();
1074 
1075 	reserve_ibft_region();
1076 
1077 	early_alloc_pgt_buf();
1078 
1079 	/*
1080 	 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
1081 	 *  it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
1082 	 *  brk area.
1083 	 */
1084 	reserve_brk();
1085 
1086 	cleanup_highmap();
1087 
1088 	memblock_set_current_limit(ISA_END_ADDRESS);
1089 	memblock_x86_fill();
1090 
1091 	/*
1092 	 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
1093 	 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
1094 	 */
1095 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP))
1096 		efi_reserve_boot_services();
1097 
1098 	/* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
1099 	early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
1100 
1101 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
1102 	setup_bios_corruption_check();
1103 #endif
1104 
1105 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1106 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
1107 			(max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
1108 #endif
1109 
1110 	reserve_real_mode();
1111 
1112 	trim_platform_memory_ranges();
1113 	trim_low_memory_range();
1114 
1115 	init_mem_mapping();
1116 
1117 	early_trap_pf_init();
1118 
1119 	setup_real_mode();
1120 
1121 	memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped());
1122 	dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT);
1123 
1124 	/*
1125 	 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1126 	 */
1127 
1128 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1129 	if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
1130 		init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1131 #endif
1132 	/* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1133 	setup_log_buf(1);
1134 
1135 	reserve_initrd();
1136 
1137 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI) && defined(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD)
1138 	acpi_initrd_override((void *)initrd_start, initrd_end - initrd_start);
1139 #endif
1140 
1141 	vsmp_init();
1142 
1143 	io_delay_init();
1144 
1145 	/*
1146 	 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1147 	 */
1148 	acpi_boot_table_init();
1149 
1150 	early_acpi_boot_init();
1151 
1152 	initmem_init();
1153 
1154 	/*
1155 	 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it
1156 	 * won't consume hotpluggable memory.
1157 	 */
1158 	reserve_crashkernel();
1159 
1160 	memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1161 
1162 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
1163 	kvmclock_init();
1164 #endif
1165 
1166 	x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
1167 
1168 	if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
1169 		/* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
1170 		mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
1171 		if (trampoline_cr4_features)
1172 			*trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
1173 	}
1174 
1175 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1176 	/* sync back kernel address range */
1177 	clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1178 			swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1179 			KERNEL_PGD_PTRS);
1180 #endif
1181 
1182 	tboot_probe();
1183 
1184 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1185 	map_vsyscall();
1186 #endif
1187 
1188 	generic_apic_probe();
1189 
1190 	early_quirks();
1191 
1192 	/*
1193 	 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1194 	 */
1195 	acpi_boot_init();
1196 	sfi_init();
1197 	x86_dtb_init();
1198 
1199 	/*
1200 	 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1201 	 */
1202 	if (smp_found_config)
1203 		get_smp_config();
1204 
1205 	prefill_possible_map();
1206 
1207 	init_cpu_to_node();
1208 
1209 	init_apic_mappings();
1210 	if (x86_io_apic_ops.init)
1211 		x86_io_apic_ops.init();
1212 
1213 	kvm_guest_init();
1214 
1215 	e820_reserve_resources();
1216 	e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1217 
1218 	x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1219 
1220 	e820_setup_gap();
1221 
1222 #ifdef CONFIG_VT
1223 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1224 	if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1225 		conswitchp = &vga_con;
1226 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1227 	conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1228 #endif
1229 #endif
1230 	x86_init.oem.banner();
1231 
1232 	x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1233 
1234 	mcheck_init();
1235 
1236 	arch_init_ideal_nops();
1237 
1238 	register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1239 
1240 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
1241 	if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
1242 		efi_apply_memmap_quirks();
1243 #endif
1244 }
1245 
1246 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1247 
1248 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1249 	.name	= "Video RAM area",
1250 	.start	= 0xa0000,
1251 	.end	= 0xbffff,
1252 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1253 };
1254 
1255 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1256 {
1257 	request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1258 	reserve_standard_io_resources();
1259 }
1260 
1261 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
1262 
1263 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier = {
1264 	.notifier_call = dump_kernel_offset
1265 };
1266 
1267 static int __init register_kernel_offset_dumper(void)
1268 {
1269 	atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list,
1270 					&kernel_offset_notifier);
1271 	return 0;
1272 }
1273 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper);
1274