1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds 3 * 4 * Pentium III FXSR, SSE support 5 * Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000 6 */ 7 8 /* 9 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of process handling.. 10 */ 11 12 #include <linux/cpu.h> 13 #include <linux/errno.h> 14 #include <linux/sched.h> 15 #include <linux/fs.h> 16 #include <linux/kernel.h> 17 #include <linux/mm.h> 18 #include <linux/elfcore.h> 19 #include <linux/smp.h> 20 #include <linux/stddef.h> 21 #include <linux/slab.h> 22 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> 23 #include <linux/user.h> 24 #include <linux/interrupt.h> 25 #include <linux/delay.h> 26 #include <linux/reboot.h> 27 #include <linux/mc146818rtc.h> 28 #include <linux/module.h> 29 #include <linux/kallsyms.h> 30 #include <linux/ptrace.h> 31 #include <linux/personality.h> 32 #include <linux/percpu.h> 33 #include <linux/prctl.h> 34 #include <linux/ftrace.h> 35 #include <linux/uaccess.h> 36 #include <linux/io.h> 37 #include <linux/kdebug.h> 38 39 #include <asm/pgtable.h> 40 #include <asm/ldt.h> 41 #include <asm/processor.h> 42 #include <asm/i387.h> 43 #include <asm/fpu-internal.h> 44 #include <asm/desc.h> 45 #ifdef CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION 46 #include <asm/math_emu.h> 47 #endif 48 49 #include <linux/err.h> 50 51 #include <asm/tlbflush.h> 52 #include <asm/cpu.h> 53 #include <asm/idle.h> 54 #include <asm/syscalls.h> 55 #include <asm/debugreg.h> 56 #include <asm/switch_to.h> 57 58 asmlinkage void ret_from_fork(void) __asm__("ret_from_fork"); 59 asmlinkage void ret_from_kernel_thread(void) __asm__("ret_from_kernel_thread"); 60 61 /* 62 * Return saved PC of a blocked thread. 63 */ 64 unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk) 65 { 66 return ((unsigned long *)tsk->thread.sp)[3]; 67 } 68 69 void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all) 70 { 71 unsigned long cr0 = 0L, cr2 = 0L, cr3 = 0L, cr4 = 0L; 72 unsigned long d0, d1, d2, d3, d6, d7; 73 unsigned long sp; 74 unsigned short ss, gs; 75 76 if (user_mode_vm(regs)) { 77 sp = regs->sp; 78 ss = regs->ss & 0xffff; 79 gs = get_user_gs(regs); 80 } else { 81 sp = kernel_stack_pointer(regs); 82 savesegment(ss, ss); 83 savesegment(gs, gs); 84 } 85 86 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EIP: %04x:[<%08lx>] EFLAGS: %08lx CPU: %d\n", 87 (u16)regs->cs, regs->ip, regs->flags, 88 smp_processor_id()); 89 print_symbol("EIP is at %s\n", regs->ip); 90 91 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EAX: %08lx EBX: %08lx ECX: %08lx EDX: %08lx\n", 92 regs->ax, regs->bx, regs->cx, regs->dx); 93 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "ESI: %08lx EDI: %08lx EBP: %08lx ESP: %08lx\n", 94 regs->si, regs->di, regs->bp, sp); 95 printk(KERN_DEFAULT " DS: %04x ES: %04x FS: %04x GS: %04x SS: %04x\n", 96 (u16)regs->ds, (u16)regs->es, (u16)regs->fs, gs, ss); 97 98 if (!all) 99 return; 100 101 cr0 = read_cr0(); 102 cr2 = read_cr2(); 103 cr3 = read_cr3(); 104 cr4 = read_cr4_safe(); 105 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "CR0: %08lx CR2: %08lx CR3: %08lx CR4: %08lx\n", 106 cr0, cr2, cr3, cr4); 107 108 get_debugreg(d0, 0); 109 get_debugreg(d1, 1); 110 get_debugreg(d2, 2); 111 get_debugreg(d3, 3); 112 get_debugreg(d6, 6); 113 get_debugreg(d7, 7); 114 115 /* Only print out debug registers if they are in their non-default state. */ 116 if ((d0 == 0) && (d1 == 0) && (d2 == 0) && (d3 == 0) && 117 (d6 == DR6_RESERVED) && (d7 == 0x400)) 118 return; 119 120 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR0: %08lx DR1: %08lx DR2: %08lx DR3: %08lx\n", 121 d0, d1, d2, d3); 122 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR6: %08lx DR7: %08lx\n", 123 d6, d7); 124 } 125 126 void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task) 127 { 128 BUG_ON(dead_task->mm); 129 release_vm86_irqs(dead_task); 130 } 131 132 int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags, unsigned long sp, 133 unsigned long arg, struct task_struct *p) 134 { 135 struct pt_regs *childregs = task_pt_regs(p); 136 struct task_struct *tsk; 137 int err; 138 139 p->thread.sp = (unsigned long) childregs; 140 p->thread.sp0 = (unsigned long) (childregs+1); 141 142 if (unlikely(p->flags & PF_KTHREAD)) { 143 /* kernel thread */ 144 memset(childregs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs)); 145 p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_kernel_thread; 146 task_user_gs(p) = __KERNEL_STACK_CANARY; 147 childregs->ds = __USER_DS; 148 childregs->es = __USER_DS; 149 childregs->fs = __KERNEL_PERCPU; 150 childregs->bx = sp; /* function */ 151 childregs->bp = arg; 152 childregs->orig_ax = -1; 153 childregs->cs = __KERNEL_CS | get_kernel_rpl(); 154 childregs->flags = X86_EFLAGS_IF | X86_EFLAGS_FIXED; 155 p->thread.fpu_counter = 0; 156 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL; 157 memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps)); 158 return 0; 159 } 160 *childregs = *current_pt_regs(); 161 childregs->ax = 0; 162 if (sp) 163 childregs->sp = sp; 164 165 p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_fork; 166 task_user_gs(p) = get_user_gs(current_pt_regs()); 167 168 p->thread.fpu_counter = 0; 169 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL; 170 tsk = current; 171 err = -ENOMEM; 172 173 memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps)); 174 175 if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_IO_BITMAP))) { 176 p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = kmemdup(tsk->thread.io_bitmap_ptr, 177 IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL); 178 if (!p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) { 179 p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0; 180 return -ENOMEM; 181 } 182 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_IO_BITMAP); 183 } 184 185 err = 0; 186 187 /* 188 * Set a new TLS for the child thread? 189 */ 190 if (clone_flags & CLONE_SETTLS) 191 err = do_set_thread_area(p, -1, 192 (struct user_desc __user *)childregs->si, 0); 193 194 if (err && p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) { 195 kfree(p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr); 196 p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0; 197 } 198 return err; 199 } 200 201 void 202 start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip, unsigned long new_sp) 203 { 204 set_user_gs(regs, 0); 205 regs->fs = 0; 206 regs->ds = __USER_DS; 207 regs->es = __USER_DS; 208 regs->ss = __USER_DS; 209 regs->cs = __USER_CS; 210 regs->ip = new_ip; 211 regs->sp = new_sp; 212 regs->flags = X86_EFLAGS_IF; 213 /* 214 * force it to the iret return path by making it look as if there was 215 * some work pending. 216 */ 217 set_thread_flag(TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME); 218 } 219 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_thread); 220 221 222 /* 223 * switch_to(x,y) should switch tasks from x to y. 224 * 225 * We fsave/fwait so that an exception goes off at the right time 226 * (as a call from the fsave or fwait in effect) rather than to 227 * the wrong process. Lazy FP saving no longer makes any sense 228 * with modern CPU's, and this simplifies a lot of things (SMP 229 * and UP become the same). 230 * 231 * NOTE! We used to use the x86 hardware context switching. The 232 * reason for not using it any more becomes apparent when you 233 * try to recover gracefully from saved state that is no longer 234 * valid (stale segment register values in particular). With the 235 * hardware task-switch, there is no way to fix up bad state in 236 * a reasonable manner. 237 * 238 * The fact that Intel documents the hardware task-switching to 239 * be slow is a fairly red herring - this code is not noticeably 240 * faster. However, there _is_ some room for improvement here, 241 * so the performance issues may eventually be a valid point. 242 * More important, however, is the fact that this allows us much 243 * more flexibility. 244 * 245 * The return value (in %ax) will be the "prev" task after 246 * the task-switch, and shows up in ret_from_fork in entry.S, 247 * for example. 248 */ 249 __visible __notrace_funcgraph struct task_struct * 250 __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p) 251 { 252 struct thread_struct *prev = &prev_p->thread, 253 *next = &next_p->thread; 254 int cpu = smp_processor_id(); 255 struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu); 256 fpu_switch_t fpu; 257 258 /* never put a printk in __switch_to... printk() calls wake_up*() indirectly */ 259 260 fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p, cpu); 261 262 /* 263 * Reload esp0. 264 */ 265 load_sp0(tss, next); 266 267 /* 268 * Save away %gs. No need to save %fs, as it was saved on the 269 * stack on entry. No need to save %es and %ds, as those are 270 * always kernel segments while inside the kernel. Doing this 271 * before setting the new TLS descriptors avoids the situation 272 * where we temporarily have non-reloadable segments in %fs 273 * and %gs. This could be an issue if the NMI handler ever 274 * used %fs or %gs (it does not today), or if the kernel is 275 * running inside of a hypervisor layer. 276 */ 277 lazy_save_gs(prev->gs); 278 279 /* 280 * Load the per-thread Thread-Local Storage descriptor. 281 */ 282 load_TLS(next, cpu); 283 284 /* 285 * Restore IOPL if needed. In normal use, the flags restore 286 * in the switch assembly will handle this. But if the kernel 287 * is running virtualized at a non-zero CPL, the popf will 288 * not restore flags, so it must be done in a separate step. 289 */ 290 if (get_kernel_rpl() && unlikely(prev->iopl != next->iopl)) 291 set_iopl_mask(next->iopl); 292 293 /* 294 * If it were not for PREEMPT_ACTIVE we could guarantee that the 295 * preempt_count of all tasks was equal here and this would not be 296 * needed. 297 */ 298 task_thread_info(prev_p)->saved_preempt_count = this_cpu_read(__preempt_count); 299 this_cpu_write(__preempt_count, task_thread_info(next_p)->saved_preempt_count); 300 301 /* 302 * Now maybe handle debug registers and/or IO bitmaps 303 */ 304 if (unlikely(task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV || 305 task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT)) 306 __switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss); 307 308 /* 309 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here. 310 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so 311 * the GDT and LDT are properly updated, and must be 312 * done before math_state_restore, so the TS bit is up 313 * to date. 314 */ 315 arch_end_context_switch(next_p); 316 317 this_cpu_write(kernel_stack, 318 (unsigned long)task_stack_page(next_p) + 319 THREAD_SIZE - KERNEL_STACK_OFFSET); 320 321 /* 322 * Restore %gs if needed (which is common) 323 */ 324 if (prev->gs | next->gs) 325 lazy_load_gs(next->gs); 326 327 switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu); 328 329 this_cpu_write(current_task, next_p); 330 331 return prev_p; 332 } 333 334 #define top_esp (THREAD_SIZE - sizeof(unsigned long)) 335 #define top_ebp (THREAD_SIZE - 2*sizeof(unsigned long)) 336 337 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p) 338 { 339 unsigned long bp, sp, ip; 340 unsigned long stack_page; 341 int count = 0; 342 if (!p || p == current || p->state == TASK_RUNNING) 343 return 0; 344 stack_page = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p); 345 sp = p->thread.sp; 346 if (!stack_page || sp < stack_page || sp > top_esp+stack_page) 347 return 0; 348 /* include/asm-i386/system.h:switch_to() pushes bp last. */ 349 bp = *(unsigned long *) sp; 350 do { 351 if (bp < stack_page || bp > top_ebp+stack_page) 352 return 0; 353 ip = *(unsigned long *) (bp+4); 354 if (!in_sched_functions(ip)) 355 return ip; 356 bp = *(unsigned long *) bp; 357 } while (count++ < 16); 358 return 0; 359 } 360 361