1 #ifndef _UAPI_ASM_X86_SIGCONTEXT_H
2 #define _UAPI_ASM_X86_SIGCONTEXT_H
3 
4 /*
5  * Linux signal context definitions. The sigcontext includes a complex
6  * hierarchy of CPU and FPU state, available to user-space (on the stack) when
7  * a signal handler is executed.
8  *
9  * As over the years this ABI grew from its very simple roots towards
10  * supporting more and more CPU state organically, some of the details (which
11  * were rather clever hacks back in the days) became a bit quirky by today.
12  *
13  * The current ABI includes flexible provisions for future extensions, so we
14  * won't have to grow new quirks for quite some time. Promise!
15  */
16 
17 #include <linux/compiler.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 
20 #define FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1		0x46505853U
21 #define FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2		0x46505845U
22 #define FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2_SIZE		sizeof(FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2)
23 
24 /*
25  * Bytes 464..511 in the current 512-byte layout of the FXSAVE/FXRSTOR frame
26  * are reserved for SW usage. On CPUs supporting XSAVE/XRSTOR, these bytes are
27  * used to extend the fpstate pointer in the sigcontext, which now includes the
28  * extended state information along with fpstate information.
29  *
30  * If sw_reserved.magic1 == FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 then there's a
31  * sw_reserved.extended_size bytes large extended context area present. (The
32  * last 32-bit word of this extended area (at the
33  * fpstate+extended_size-FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2_SIZE address) is set to
34  * FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2 so that you can sanity check your size calculations.)
35  *
36  * This extended area typically grows with newer CPUs that have larger and
37  * larger XSAVE areas.
38  */
39 struct _fpx_sw_bytes {
40 	/*
41 	 * If set to FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 then this is an xstate context.
42 	 * 0 if a legacy frame.
43 	 */
44 	__u32				magic1;
45 
46 	/*
47 	 * Total size of the fpstate area:
48 	 *
49 	 *  - if magic1 == 0 then it's sizeof(struct _fpstate)
50 	 *  - if magic1 == FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 then it's sizeof(struct _xstate)
51 	 *    plus extensions (if any)
52 	 */
53 	__u32				extended_size;
54 
55 	/*
56 	 * Feature bit mask (including FP/SSE/extended state) that is present
57 	 * in the memory layout:
58 	 */
59 	__u64				xfeatures;
60 
61 	/*
62 	 * Actual XSAVE state size, based on the xfeatures saved in the layout.
63 	 * 'extended_size' is greater than 'xstate_size':
64 	 */
65 	__u32				xstate_size;
66 
67 	/* For future use: */
68 	__u32				padding[7];
69 };
70 
71 /*
72  * As documented in the iBCS2 standard:
73  *
74  * The first part of "struct _fpstate" is just the normal i387 hardware setup,
75  * the extra "status" word is used to save the coprocessor status word before
76  * entering the handler.
77  *
78  * The FPU state data structure has had to grow to accommodate the extended FPU
79  * state required by the Streaming SIMD Extensions.  There is no documented
80  * standard to accomplish this at the moment.
81  */
82 
83 /* 10-byte legacy floating point register: */
84 struct _fpreg {
85 	__u16				significand[4];
86 	__u16				exponent;
87 };
88 
89 /* 16-byte floating point register: */
90 struct _fpxreg {
91 	__u16				significand[4];
92 	__u16				exponent;
93 	__u16				padding[3];
94 };
95 
96 /* 16-byte XMM register: */
97 struct _xmmreg {
98 	__u32				element[4];
99 };
100 
101 #define X86_FXSR_MAGIC			0x0000
102 
103 /*
104  * The 32-bit FPU frame:
105  */
106 struct _fpstate_32 {
107 	/* Legacy FPU environment: */
108 	__u32				cw;
109 	__u32				sw;
110 	__u32				tag;
111 	__u32				ipoff;
112 	__u32				cssel;
113 	__u32				dataoff;
114 	__u32				datasel;
115 	struct _fpreg			_st[8];
116 	__u16				status;
117 	__u16				magic;		/* 0xffff: regular FPU data only */
118 							/* 0x0000: FXSR FPU data */
119 
120 	/* FXSR FPU environment */
121 	__u32				_fxsr_env[6];	/* FXSR FPU env is ignored */
122 	__u32				mxcsr;
123 	__u32				reserved;
124 	struct _fpxreg			_fxsr_st[8];	/* FXSR FPU reg data is ignored */
125 	struct _xmmreg			_xmm[8];	/* First 8 XMM registers */
126 	union {
127 		__u32			padding1[44];	/* Second 8 XMM registers plus padding */
128 		__u32			padding[44];	/* Alias name for old user-space */
129 	};
130 
131 	union {
132 		__u32			padding2[12];
133 		struct _fpx_sw_bytes	sw_reserved;	/* Potential extended state is encoded here */
134 	};
135 };
136 
137 /*
138  * The 64-bit FPU frame. (FXSAVE format and later)
139  *
140  * Note1: If sw_reserved.magic1 == FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 then the structure is
141  *        larger: 'struct _xstate'. Note that 'struct _xstate' embedds
142  *        'struct _fpstate' so that you can always assume the _fpstate portion
143  *        exists so that you can check the magic value.
144  *
145  * Note2: Reserved fields may someday contain valuable data. Always
146  *	  save/restore them when you change signal frames.
147  */
148 struct _fpstate_64 {
149 	__u16				cwd;
150 	__u16				swd;
151 	/* Note this is not the same as the 32-bit/x87/FSAVE twd: */
152 	__u16				twd;
153 	__u16				fop;
154 	__u64				rip;
155 	__u64				rdp;
156 	__u32				mxcsr;
157 	__u32				mxcsr_mask;
158 	__u32				st_space[32];	/*  8x  FP registers, 16 bytes each */
159 	__u32				xmm_space[64];	/* 16x XMM registers, 16 bytes each */
160 	__u32				reserved2[12];
161 	union {
162 		__u32			reserved3[12];
163 		struct _fpx_sw_bytes	sw_reserved;	/* Potential extended state is encoded here */
164 	};
165 };
166 
167 #ifdef __i386__
168 # define _fpstate _fpstate_32
169 #else
170 # define _fpstate _fpstate_64
171 #endif
172 
173 struct _header {
174 	__u64				xfeatures;
175 	__u64				reserved1[2];
176 	__u64				reserved2[5];
177 };
178 
179 struct _ymmh_state {
180 	/* 16x YMM registers, 16 bytes each: */
181 	__u32				ymmh_space[64];
182 };
183 
184 /*
185  * Extended state pointed to by sigcontext::fpstate.
186  *
187  * In addition to the fpstate, information encoded in _xstate::xstate_hdr
188  * indicates the presence of other extended state information supported
189  * by the CPU and kernel:
190  */
191 struct _xstate {
192 	struct _fpstate			fpstate;
193 	struct _header			xstate_hdr;
194 	struct _ymmh_state		ymmh;
195 	/* New processor state extensions go here: */
196 };
197 
198 /*
199  * The 32-bit signal frame:
200  */
201 struct sigcontext_32 {
202 	__u16				gs, __gsh;
203 	__u16				fs, __fsh;
204 	__u16				es, __esh;
205 	__u16				ds, __dsh;
206 	__u32				di;
207 	__u32				si;
208 	__u32				bp;
209 	__u32				sp;
210 	__u32				bx;
211 	__u32				dx;
212 	__u32				cx;
213 	__u32				ax;
214 	__u32				trapno;
215 	__u32				err;
216 	__u32				ip;
217 	__u16				cs, __csh;
218 	__u32				flags;
219 	__u32				sp_at_signal;
220 	__u16				ss, __ssh;
221 
222 	/*
223 	 * fpstate is really (struct _fpstate *) or (struct _xstate *)
224 	 * depending on the FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 encoded in the SW reserved
225 	 * bytes of (struct _fpstate) and FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2 present at the end
226 	 * of extended memory layout. See comments at the definition of
227 	 * (struct _fpx_sw_bytes)
228 	 */
229 	__u32				fpstate; /* Zero when no FPU/extended context */
230 	__u32				oldmask;
231 	__u32				cr2;
232 };
233 
234 /*
235  * The 64-bit signal frame:
236  */
237 struct sigcontext_64 {
238 	__u64				r8;
239 	__u64				r9;
240 	__u64				r10;
241 	__u64				r11;
242 	__u64				r12;
243 	__u64				r13;
244 	__u64				r14;
245 	__u64				r15;
246 	__u64				di;
247 	__u64				si;
248 	__u64				bp;
249 	__u64				bx;
250 	__u64				dx;
251 	__u64				ax;
252 	__u64				cx;
253 	__u64				sp;
254 	__u64				ip;
255 	__u64				flags;
256 	__u16				cs;
257 	__u16				gs;
258 	__u16				fs;
259 	__u16				ss;
260 	__u64				err;
261 	__u64				trapno;
262 	__u64				oldmask;
263 	__u64				cr2;
264 
265 	/*
266 	 * fpstate is really (struct _fpstate *) or (struct _xstate *)
267 	 * depending on the FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 encoded in the SW reserved
268 	 * bytes of (struct _fpstate) and FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2 present at the end
269 	 * of extended memory layout. See comments at the definition of
270 	 * (struct _fpx_sw_bytes)
271 	 */
272 	__u64				fpstate; /* Zero when no FPU/extended context */
273 	__u64				reserved1[8];
274 };
275 
276 /*
277  * Create the real 'struct sigcontext' type:
278  */
279 #ifdef __KERNEL__
280 # ifdef __i386__
281 #  define sigcontext sigcontext_32
282 # else
283 #  define sigcontext sigcontext_64
284 # endif
285 #endif
286 
287 /*
288  * The old user-space sigcontext definition, just in case user-space still
289  * relies on it. The kernel definition (in asm/sigcontext.h) has unified
290  * field names but otherwise the same layout.
291  */
292 #ifndef __KERNEL__
293 
294 #define _fpstate_ia32			_fpstate_32
295 #define sigcontext_ia32			sigcontext_32
296 
297 
298 # ifdef __i386__
299 struct sigcontext {
300 	__u16				gs, __gsh;
301 	__u16				fs, __fsh;
302 	__u16				es, __esh;
303 	__u16				ds, __dsh;
304 	__u32				edi;
305 	__u32				esi;
306 	__u32				ebp;
307 	__u32				esp;
308 	__u32				ebx;
309 	__u32				edx;
310 	__u32				ecx;
311 	__u32				eax;
312 	__u32				trapno;
313 	__u32				err;
314 	__u32				eip;
315 	__u16				cs, __csh;
316 	__u32				eflags;
317 	__u32				esp_at_signal;
318 	__u16				ss, __ssh;
319 	struct _fpstate __user		*fpstate;
320 	__u32				oldmask;
321 	__u32				cr2;
322 };
323 # else /* __x86_64__: */
324 struct sigcontext {
325 	__u64				r8;
326 	__u64				r9;
327 	__u64				r10;
328 	__u64				r11;
329 	__u64				r12;
330 	__u64				r13;
331 	__u64				r14;
332 	__u64				r15;
333 	__u64				rdi;
334 	__u64				rsi;
335 	__u64				rbp;
336 	__u64				rbx;
337 	__u64				rdx;
338 	__u64				rax;
339 	__u64				rcx;
340 	__u64				rsp;
341 	__u64				rip;
342 	__u64				eflags;		/* RFLAGS */
343 	__u16				cs;
344 
345 	/*
346 	 * Prior to 2.5.64 ("[PATCH] x86-64 updates for 2.5.64-bk3"),
347 	 * Linux saved and restored fs and gs in these slots.  This
348 	 * was counterproductive, as fsbase and gsbase were never
349 	 * saved, so arch_prctl was presumably unreliable.
350 	 *
351 	 * These slots should never be reused without extreme caution:
352 	 *
353 	 *  - Some DOSEMU versions stash fs and gs in these slots manually,
354 	 *    thus overwriting anything the kernel expects to be preserved
355 	 *    in these slots.
356 	 *
357 	 *  - If these slots are ever needed for any other purpose,
358 	 *    there is some risk that very old 64-bit binaries could get
359 	 *    confused.  I doubt that many such binaries still work,
360 	 *    though, since the same patch in 2.5.64 also removed the
361 	 *    64-bit set_thread_area syscall, so it appears that there
362 	 *    is no TLS API beyond modify_ldt that works in both pre-
363 	 *    and post-2.5.64 kernels.
364 	 *
365 	 * If the kernel ever adds explicit fs, gs, fsbase, and gsbase
366 	 * save/restore, it will most likely need to be opt-in and use
367 	 * different context slots.
368 	 */
369 	__u16				gs;
370 	__u16				fs;
371 	union {
372 		__u16			ss;	/* If UC_SIGCONTEXT_SS */
373 		__u16			__pad0;	/* Alias name for old (!UC_SIGCONTEXT_SS) user-space */
374 	};
375 	__u64				err;
376 	__u64				trapno;
377 	__u64				oldmask;
378 	__u64				cr2;
379 	struct _fpstate __user		*fpstate;	/* Zero when no FPU context */
380 #  ifdef __ILP32__
381 	__u32				__fpstate_pad;
382 #  endif
383 	__u64				reserved1[8];
384 };
385 # endif /* __x86_64__ */
386 #endif /* !__KERNEL__ */
387 
388 #endif /* _UAPI_ASM_X86_SIGCONTEXT_H */
389