xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/s390/mm/fault.c (revision cfbb9be8)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  S390 version
4  *    Copyright IBM Corp. 1999
5  *    Author(s): Hartmut Penner (hp@de.ibm.com)
6  *               Ulrich Weigand (uweigand@de.ibm.com)
7  *
8  *  Derived from "arch/i386/mm/fault.c"
9  *    Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
10  */
11 
12 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
13 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
14 #include <linux/signal.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
17 #include <linux/kernel.h>
18 #include <linux/errno.h>
19 #include <linux/string.h>
20 #include <linux/types.h>
21 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
22 #include <linux/mman.h>
23 #include <linux/mm.h>
24 #include <linux/compat.h>
25 #include <linux/smp.h>
26 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/console.h>
29 #include <linux/extable.h>
30 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
31 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
32 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
34 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
35 #include <asm/diag.h>
36 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
37 #include <asm/gmap.h>
38 #include <asm/irq.h>
39 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
40 #include <asm/facility.h>
41 #include "../kernel/entry.h"
42 
43 #define __FAIL_ADDR_MASK -4096L
44 #define __SUBCODE_MASK 0x0600
45 #define __PF_RES_FIELD 0x8000000000000000ULL
46 
47 #define VM_FAULT_BADCONTEXT	0x010000
48 #define VM_FAULT_BADMAP		0x020000
49 #define VM_FAULT_BADACCESS	0x040000
50 #define VM_FAULT_SIGNAL		0x080000
51 #define VM_FAULT_PFAULT		0x100000
52 
53 enum fault_type {
54 	KERNEL_FAULT,
55 	USER_FAULT,
56 	VDSO_FAULT,
57 	GMAP_FAULT,
58 };
59 
60 static unsigned long store_indication __read_mostly;
61 
62 static int __init fault_init(void)
63 {
64 	if (test_facility(75))
65 		store_indication = 0xc00;
66 	return 0;
67 }
68 early_initcall(fault_init);
69 
70 static inline int notify_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
71 {
72 	int ret = 0;
73 
74 	/* kprobe_running() needs smp_processor_id() */
75 	if (kprobes_built_in() && !user_mode(regs)) {
76 		preempt_disable();
77 		if (kprobe_running() && kprobe_fault_handler(regs, 14))
78 			ret = 1;
79 		preempt_enable();
80 	}
81 	return ret;
82 }
83 
84 
85 /*
86  * Unlock any spinlocks which will prevent us from getting the
87  * message out.
88  */
89 void bust_spinlocks(int yes)
90 {
91 	if (yes) {
92 		oops_in_progress = 1;
93 	} else {
94 		int loglevel_save = console_loglevel;
95 		console_unblank();
96 		oops_in_progress = 0;
97 		/*
98 		 * OK, the message is on the console.  Now we call printk()
99 		 * without oops_in_progress set so that printk will give klogd
100 		 * a poke.  Hold onto your hats...
101 		 */
102 		console_loglevel = 15;
103 		printk(" ");
104 		console_loglevel = loglevel_save;
105 	}
106 }
107 
108 /*
109  * Find out which address space caused the exception.
110  * Access register mode is impossible, ignore space == 3.
111  */
112 static inline enum fault_type get_fault_type(struct pt_regs *regs)
113 {
114 	unsigned long trans_exc_code;
115 
116 	trans_exc_code = regs->int_parm_long & 3;
117 	if (likely(trans_exc_code == 0)) {
118 		/* primary space exception */
119 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) &&
120 		    test_pt_regs_flag(regs, PIF_GUEST_FAULT))
121 			return GMAP_FAULT;
122 		if (current->thread.mm_segment == USER_DS)
123 			return USER_FAULT;
124 		return KERNEL_FAULT;
125 	}
126 	if (trans_exc_code == 2) {
127 		/* secondary space exception */
128 		if (current->thread.mm_segment & 1) {
129 			if (current->thread.mm_segment == USER_DS_SACF)
130 				return USER_FAULT;
131 			return KERNEL_FAULT;
132 		}
133 		return VDSO_FAULT;
134 	}
135 	/* home space exception -> access via kernel ASCE */
136 	return KERNEL_FAULT;
137 }
138 
139 static int bad_address(void *p)
140 {
141 	unsigned long dummy;
142 
143 	return probe_kernel_address((unsigned long *)p, dummy);
144 }
145 
146 static void dump_pagetable(unsigned long asce, unsigned long address)
147 {
148 	unsigned long *table = __va(asce & _ASCE_ORIGIN);
149 
150 	pr_alert("AS:%016lx ", asce);
151 	switch (asce & _ASCE_TYPE_MASK) {
152 	case _ASCE_TYPE_REGION1:
153 		table += (address & _REGION1_INDEX) >> _REGION1_SHIFT;
154 		if (bad_address(table))
155 			goto bad;
156 		pr_cont("R1:%016lx ", *table);
157 		if (*table & _REGION_ENTRY_INVALID)
158 			goto out;
159 		table = (unsigned long *)(*table & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
160 		/* fallthrough */
161 	case _ASCE_TYPE_REGION2:
162 		table += (address & _REGION2_INDEX) >> _REGION2_SHIFT;
163 		if (bad_address(table))
164 			goto bad;
165 		pr_cont("R2:%016lx ", *table);
166 		if (*table & _REGION_ENTRY_INVALID)
167 			goto out;
168 		table = (unsigned long *)(*table & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
169 		/* fallthrough */
170 	case _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3:
171 		table += (address & _REGION3_INDEX) >> _REGION3_SHIFT;
172 		if (bad_address(table))
173 			goto bad;
174 		pr_cont("R3:%016lx ", *table);
175 		if (*table & (_REGION_ENTRY_INVALID | _REGION3_ENTRY_LARGE))
176 			goto out;
177 		table = (unsigned long *)(*table & _REGION_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
178 		/* fallthrough */
179 	case _ASCE_TYPE_SEGMENT:
180 		table += (address & _SEGMENT_INDEX) >> _SEGMENT_SHIFT;
181 		if (bad_address(table))
182 			goto bad;
183 		pr_cont("S:%016lx ", *table);
184 		if (*table & (_SEGMENT_ENTRY_INVALID | _SEGMENT_ENTRY_LARGE))
185 			goto out;
186 		table = (unsigned long *)(*table & _SEGMENT_ENTRY_ORIGIN);
187 	}
188 	table += (address & _PAGE_INDEX) >> _PAGE_SHIFT;
189 	if (bad_address(table))
190 		goto bad;
191 	pr_cont("P:%016lx ", *table);
192 out:
193 	pr_cont("\n");
194 	return;
195 bad:
196 	pr_cont("BAD\n");
197 }
198 
199 static void dump_fault_info(struct pt_regs *regs)
200 {
201 	unsigned long asce;
202 
203 	pr_alert("Failing address: %016lx TEID: %016lx\n",
204 		 regs->int_parm_long & __FAIL_ADDR_MASK, regs->int_parm_long);
205 	pr_alert("Fault in ");
206 	switch (regs->int_parm_long & 3) {
207 	case 3:
208 		pr_cont("home space ");
209 		break;
210 	case 2:
211 		pr_cont("secondary space ");
212 		break;
213 	case 1:
214 		pr_cont("access register ");
215 		break;
216 	case 0:
217 		pr_cont("primary space ");
218 		break;
219 	}
220 	pr_cont("mode while using ");
221 	switch (get_fault_type(regs)) {
222 	case USER_FAULT:
223 		asce = S390_lowcore.user_asce;
224 		pr_cont("user ");
225 		break;
226 	case VDSO_FAULT:
227 		asce = S390_lowcore.vdso_asce;
228 		pr_cont("vdso ");
229 		break;
230 	case GMAP_FAULT:
231 		asce = ((struct gmap *) S390_lowcore.gmap)->asce;
232 		pr_cont("gmap ");
233 		break;
234 	case KERNEL_FAULT:
235 		asce = S390_lowcore.kernel_asce;
236 		pr_cont("kernel ");
237 		break;
238 	}
239 	pr_cont("ASCE.\n");
240 	dump_pagetable(asce, regs->int_parm_long & __FAIL_ADDR_MASK);
241 }
242 
243 int show_unhandled_signals = 1;
244 
245 void report_user_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, long signr, int is_mm_fault)
246 {
247 	if ((task_pid_nr(current) > 1) && !show_unhandled_signals)
248 		return;
249 	if (!unhandled_signal(current, signr))
250 		return;
251 	if (!printk_ratelimit())
252 		return;
253 	printk(KERN_ALERT "User process fault: interruption code %04x ilc:%d ",
254 	       regs->int_code & 0xffff, regs->int_code >> 17);
255 	print_vma_addr(KERN_CONT "in ", regs->psw.addr);
256 	printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
257 	if (is_mm_fault)
258 		dump_fault_info(regs);
259 	show_regs(regs);
260 }
261 
262 /*
263  * Send SIGSEGV to task.  This is an external routine
264  * to keep the stack usage of do_page_fault small.
265  */
266 static noinline void do_sigsegv(struct pt_regs *regs, int si_code)
267 {
268 	struct siginfo si;
269 
270 	report_user_fault(regs, SIGSEGV, 1);
271 	si.si_signo = SIGSEGV;
272 	si.si_errno = 0;
273 	si.si_code = si_code;
274 	si.si_addr = (void __user *)(regs->int_parm_long & __FAIL_ADDR_MASK);
275 	force_sig_info(SIGSEGV, &si, current);
276 }
277 
278 static noinline void do_no_context(struct pt_regs *regs)
279 {
280 	const struct exception_table_entry *fixup;
281 
282 	/* Are we prepared to handle this kernel fault?  */
283 	fixup = search_exception_tables(regs->psw.addr);
284 	if (fixup) {
285 		regs->psw.addr = extable_fixup(fixup);
286 		return;
287 	}
288 
289 	/*
290 	 * Oops. The kernel tried to access some bad page. We'll have to
291 	 * terminate things with extreme prejudice.
292 	 */
293 	if (get_fault_type(regs) == KERNEL_FAULT)
294 		printk(KERN_ALERT "Unable to handle kernel pointer dereference"
295 		       " in virtual kernel address space\n");
296 	else
297 		printk(KERN_ALERT "Unable to handle kernel paging request"
298 		       " in virtual user address space\n");
299 	dump_fault_info(regs);
300 	die(regs, "Oops");
301 	do_exit(SIGKILL);
302 }
303 
304 static noinline void do_low_address(struct pt_regs *regs)
305 {
306 	/* Low-address protection hit in kernel mode means
307 	   NULL pointer write access in kernel mode.  */
308 	if (regs->psw.mask & PSW_MASK_PSTATE) {
309 		/* Low-address protection hit in user mode 'cannot happen'. */
310 		die (regs, "Low-address protection");
311 		do_exit(SIGKILL);
312 	}
313 
314 	do_no_context(regs);
315 }
316 
317 static noinline void do_sigbus(struct pt_regs *regs)
318 {
319 	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
320 	struct siginfo si;
321 
322 	/*
323 	 * Send a sigbus, regardless of whether we were in kernel
324 	 * or user mode.
325 	 */
326 	si.si_signo = SIGBUS;
327 	si.si_errno = 0;
328 	si.si_code = BUS_ADRERR;
329 	si.si_addr = (void __user *)(regs->int_parm_long & __FAIL_ADDR_MASK);
330 	force_sig_info(SIGBUS, &si, tsk);
331 }
332 
333 static noinline int signal_return(struct pt_regs *regs)
334 {
335 	u16 instruction;
336 	int rc;
337 
338 	rc = __get_user(instruction, (u16 __user *) regs->psw.addr);
339 	if (rc)
340 		return rc;
341 	if (instruction == 0x0a77) {
342 		set_pt_regs_flag(regs, PIF_SYSCALL);
343 		regs->int_code = 0x00040077;
344 		return 0;
345 	} else if (instruction == 0x0aad) {
346 		set_pt_regs_flag(regs, PIF_SYSCALL);
347 		regs->int_code = 0x000400ad;
348 		return 0;
349 	}
350 	return -EACCES;
351 }
352 
353 static noinline void do_fault_error(struct pt_regs *regs, int access, int fault)
354 {
355 	int si_code;
356 
357 	switch (fault) {
358 	case VM_FAULT_BADACCESS:
359 		if (access == VM_EXEC && signal_return(regs) == 0)
360 			break;
361 	case VM_FAULT_BADMAP:
362 		/* Bad memory access. Check if it is kernel or user space. */
363 		if (user_mode(regs)) {
364 			/* User mode accesses just cause a SIGSEGV */
365 			si_code = (fault == VM_FAULT_BADMAP) ?
366 				SEGV_MAPERR : SEGV_ACCERR;
367 			do_sigsegv(regs, si_code);
368 			break;
369 		}
370 	case VM_FAULT_BADCONTEXT:
371 	case VM_FAULT_PFAULT:
372 		do_no_context(regs);
373 		break;
374 	case VM_FAULT_SIGNAL:
375 		if (!user_mode(regs))
376 			do_no_context(regs);
377 		break;
378 	default: /* fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR */
379 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_OOM) {
380 			if (!user_mode(regs))
381 				do_no_context(regs);
382 			else
383 				pagefault_out_of_memory();
384 		} else if (fault & VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV) {
385 			/* Kernel mode? Handle exceptions or die */
386 			if (!user_mode(regs))
387 				do_no_context(regs);
388 			else
389 				do_sigsegv(regs, SEGV_MAPERR);
390 		} else if (fault & VM_FAULT_SIGBUS) {
391 			/* Kernel mode? Handle exceptions or die */
392 			if (!user_mode(regs))
393 				do_no_context(regs);
394 			else
395 				do_sigbus(regs);
396 		} else
397 			BUG();
398 		break;
399 	}
400 }
401 
402 /*
403  * This routine handles page faults.  It determines the address,
404  * and the problem, and then passes it off to one of the appropriate
405  * routines.
406  *
407  * interruption code (int_code):
408  *   04       Protection           ->  Write-Protection  (suprression)
409  *   10       Segment translation  ->  Not present       (nullification)
410  *   11       Page translation     ->  Not present       (nullification)
411  *   3b       Region third trans.  ->  Not present       (nullification)
412  */
413 static inline int do_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, int access)
414 {
415 	struct gmap *gmap;
416 	struct task_struct *tsk;
417 	struct mm_struct *mm;
418 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
419 	enum fault_type type;
420 	unsigned long trans_exc_code;
421 	unsigned long address;
422 	unsigned int flags;
423 	int fault;
424 
425 	tsk = current;
426 	/*
427 	 * The instruction that caused the program check has
428 	 * been nullified. Don't signal single step via SIGTRAP.
429 	 */
430 	clear_pt_regs_flag(regs, PIF_PER_TRAP);
431 
432 	if (notify_page_fault(regs))
433 		return 0;
434 
435 	mm = tsk->mm;
436 	trans_exc_code = regs->int_parm_long;
437 
438 	/*
439 	 * Verify that the fault happened in user space, that
440 	 * we are not in an interrupt and that there is a
441 	 * user context.
442 	 */
443 	fault = VM_FAULT_BADCONTEXT;
444 	type = get_fault_type(regs);
445 	switch (type) {
446 	case KERNEL_FAULT:
447 		goto out;
448 	case VDSO_FAULT:
449 		fault = VM_FAULT_BADMAP;
450 		goto out;
451 	case USER_FAULT:
452 	case GMAP_FAULT:
453 		if (faulthandler_disabled() || !mm)
454 			goto out;
455 		break;
456 	}
457 
458 	address = trans_exc_code & __FAIL_ADDR_MASK;
459 	perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS, 1, regs, address);
460 	flags = FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY | FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE;
461 	if (user_mode(regs))
462 		flags |= FAULT_FLAG_USER;
463 	if (access == VM_WRITE || (trans_exc_code & store_indication) == 0x400)
464 		flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
465 	down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
466 
467 	gmap = NULL;
468 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) && type == GMAP_FAULT) {
469 		gmap = (struct gmap *) S390_lowcore.gmap;
470 		current->thread.gmap_addr = address;
471 		current->thread.gmap_write_flag = !!(flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE);
472 		current->thread.gmap_int_code = regs->int_code & 0xffff;
473 		address = __gmap_translate(gmap, address);
474 		if (address == -EFAULT) {
475 			fault = VM_FAULT_BADMAP;
476 			goto out_up;
477 		}
478 		if (gmap->pfault_enabled)
479 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
480 	}
481 
482 retry:
483 	fault = VM_FAULT_BADMAP;
484 	vma = find_vma(mm, address);
485 	if (!vma)
486 		goto out_up;
487 
488 	if (unlikely(vma->vm_start > address)) {
489 		if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN))
490 			goto out_up;
491 		if (expand_stack(vma, address))
492 			goto out_up;
493 	}
494 
495 	/*
496 	 * Ok, we have a good vm_area for this memory access, so
497 	 * we can handle it..
498 	 */
499 	fault = VM_FAULT_BADACCESS;
500 	if (unlikely(!(vma->vm_flags & access)))
501 		goto out_up;
502 
503 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
504 		address &= HPAGE_MASK;
505 	/*
506 	 * If for any reason at all we couldn't handle the fault,
507 	 * make sure we exit gracefully rather than endlessly redo
508 	 * the fault.
509 	 */
510 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
511 	/* No reason to continue if interrupted by SIGKILL. */
512 	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
513 		fault = VM_FAULT_SIGNAL;
514 		goto out;
515 	}
516 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR))
517 		goto out_up;
518 
519 	/*
520 	 * Major/minor page fault accounting is only done on the
521 	 * initial attempt. If we go through a retry, it is extremely
522 	 * likely that the page will be found in page cache at that point.
523 	 */
524 	if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
525 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_MAJOR) {
526 			tsk->maj_flt++;
527 			perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ, 1,
528 				      regs, address);
529 		} else {
530 			tsk->min_flt++;
531 			perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MIN, 1,
532 				      regs, address);
533 		}
534 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
535 			if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) && gmap &&
536 			    (flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)) {
537 				/* FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT has been set,
538 				 * mmap_sem has not been released */
539 				current->thread.gmap_pfault = 1;
540 				fault = VM_FAULT_PFAULT;
541 				goto out_up;
542 			}
543 			/* Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
544 			 * of starvation. */
545 			flags &= ~(FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY |
546 				   FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT);
547 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
548 			down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
549 			goto retry;
550 		}
551 	}
552 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PGSTE) && gmap) {
553 		address =  __gmap_link(gmap, current->thread.gmap_addr,
554 				       address);
555 		if (address == -EFAULT) {
556 			fault = VM_FAULT_BADMAP;
557 			goto out_up;
558 		}
559 		if (address == -ENOMEM) {
560 			fault = VM_FAULT_OOM;
561 			goto out_up;
562 		}
563 	}
564 	fault = 0;
565 out_up:
566 	up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
567 out:
568 	return fault;
569 }
570 
571 void do_protection_exception(struct pt_regs *regs)
572 {
573 	unsigned long trans_exc_code;
574 	int access, fault;
575 
576 	trans_exc_code = regs->int_parm_long;
577 	/*
578 	 * Protection exceptions are suppressing, decrement psw address.
579 	 * The exception to this rule are aborted transactions, for these
580 	 * the PSW already points to the correct location.
581 	 */
582 	if (!(regs->int_code & 0x200))
583 		regs->psw.addr = __rewind_psw(regs->psw, regs->int_code >> 16);
584 	/*
585 	 * Check for low-address protection.  This needs to be treated
586 	 * as a special case because the translation exception code
587 	 * field is not guaranteed to contain valid data in this case.
588 	 */
589 	if (unlikely(!(trans_exc_code & 4))) {
590 		do_low_address(regs);
591 		return;
592 	}
593 	if (unlikely(MACHINE_HAS_NX && (trans_exc_code & 0x80))) {
594 		regs->int_parm_long = (trans_exc_code & ~PAGE_MASK) |
595 					(regs->psw.addr & PAGE_MASK);
596 		access = VM_EXEC;
597 		fault = VM_FAULT_BADACCESS;
598 	} else {
599 		access = VM_WRITE;
600 		fault = do_exception(regs, access);
601 	}
602 	if (unlikely(fault))
603 		do_fault_error(regs, access, fault);
604 }
605 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_protection_exception);
606 
607 void do_dat_exception(struct pt_regs *regs)
608 {
609 	int access, fault;
610 
611 	access = VM_READ | VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE;
612 	fault = do_exception(regs, access);
613 	if (unlikely(fault))
614 		do_fault_error(regs, access, fault);
615 }
616 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_dat_exception);
617 
618 #ifdef CONFIG_PFAULT
619 /*
620  * 'pfault' pseudo page faults routines.
621  */
622 static int pfault_disable;
623 
624 static int __init nopfault(char *str)
625 {
626 	pfault_disable = 1;
627 	return 1;
628 }
629 
630 __setup("nopfault", nopfault);
631 
632 struct pfault_refbk {
633 	u16 refdiagc;
634 	u16 reffcode;
635 	u16 refdwlen;
636 	u16 refversn;
637 	u64 refgaddr;
638 	u64 refselmk;
639 	u64 refcmpmk;
640 	u64 reserved;
641 } __attribute__ ((packed, aligned(8)));
642 
643 int pfault_init(void)
644 {
645 	struct pfault_refbk refbk = {
646 		.refdiagc = 0x258,
647 		.reffcode = 0,
648 		.refdwlen = 5,
649 		.refversn = 2,
650 		.refgaddr = __LC_LPP,
651 		.refselmk = 1ULL << 48,
652 		.refcmpmk = 1ULL << 48,
653 		.reserved = __PF_RES_FIELD };
654         int rc;
655 
656 	if (pfault_disable)
657 		return -1;
658 	diag_stat_inc(DIAG_STAT_X258);
659 	asm volatile(
660 		"	diag	%1,%0,0x258\n"
661 		"0:	j	2f\n"
662 		"1:	la	%0,8\n"
663 		"2:\n"
664 		EX_TABLE(0b,1b)
665 		: "=d" (rc) : "a" (&refbk), "m" (refbk) : "cc");
666         return rc;
667 }
668 
669 void pfault_fini(void)
670 {
671 	struct pfault_refbk refbk = {
672 		.refdiagc = 0x258,
673 		.reffcode = 1,
674 		.refdwlen = 5,
675 		.refversn = 2,
676 	};
677 
678 	if (pfault_disable)
679 		return;
680 	diag_stat_inc(DIAG_STAT_X258);
681 	asm volatile(
682 		"	diag	%0,0,0x258\n"
683 		"0:	nopr	%%r7\n"
684 		EX_TABLE(0b,0b)
685 		: : "a" (&refbk), "m" (refbk) : "cc");
686 }
687 
688 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(pfault_lock);
689 static LIST_HEAD(pfault_list);
690 
691 #define PF_COMPLETE	0x0080
692 
693 /*
694  * The mechanism of our pfault code: if Linux is running as guest, runs a user
695  * space process and the user space process accesses a page that the host has
696  * paged out we get a pfault interrupt.
697  *
698  * This allows us, within the guest, to schedule a different process. Without
699  * this mechanism the host would have to suspend the whole virtual cpu until
700  * the page has been paged in.
701  *
702  * So when we get such an interrupt then we set the state of the current task
703  * to uninterruptible and also set the need_resched flag. Both happens within
704  * interrupt context(!). If we later on want to return to user space we
705  * recognize the need_resched flag and then call schedule().  It's not very
706  * obvious how this works...
707  *
708  * Of course we have a lot of additional fun with the completion interrupt (->
709  * host signals that a page of a process has been paged in and the process can
710  * continue to run). This interrupt can arrive on any cpu and, since we have
711  * virtual cpus, actually appear before the interrupt that signals that a page
712  * is missing.
713  */
714 static void pfault_interrupt(struct ext_code ext_code,
715 			     unsigned int param32, unsigned long param64)
716 {
717 	struct task_struct *tsk;
718 	__u16 subcode;
719 	pid_t pid;
720 
721 	/*
722 	 * Get the external interruption subcode & pfault initial/completion
723 	 * signal bit. VM stores this in the 'cpu address' field associated
724 	 * with the external interrupt.
725 	 */
726 	subcode = ext_code.subcode;
727 	if ((subcode & 0xff00) != __SUBCODE_MASK)
728 		return;
729 	inc_irq_stat(IRQEXT_PFL);
730 	/* Get the token (= pid of the affected task). */
731 	pid = param64 & LPP_PID_MASK;
732 	rcu_read_lock();
733 	tsk = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
734 	if (tsk)
735 		get_task_struct(tsk);
736 	rcu_read_unlock();
737 	if (!tsk)
738 		return;
739 	spin_lock(&pfault_lock);
740 	if (subcode & PF_COMPLETE) {
741 		/* signal bit is set -> a page has been swapped in by VM */
742 		if (tsk->thread.pfault_wait == 1) {
743 			/* Initial interrupt was faster than the completion
744 			 * interrupt. pfault_wait is valid. Set pfault_wait
745 			 * back to zero and wake up the process. This can
746 			 * safely be done because the task is still sleeping
747 			 * and can't produce new pfaults. */
748 			tsk->thread.pfault_wait = 0;
749 			list_del(&tsk->thread.list);
750 			wake_up_process(tsk);
751 			put_task_struct(tsk);
752 		} else {
753 			/* Completion interrupt was faster than initial
754 			 * interrupt. Set pfault_wait to -1 so the initial
755 			 * interrupt doesn't put the task to sleep.
756 			 * If the task is not running, ignore the completion
757 			 * interrupt since it must be a leftover of a PFAULT
758 			 * CANCEL operation which didn't remove all pending
759 			 * completion interrupts. */
760 			if (tsk->state == TASK_RUNNING)
761 				tsk->thread.pfault_wait = -1;
762 		}
763 	} else {
764 		/* signal bit not set -> a real page is missing. */
765 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tsk != current))
766 			goto out;
767 		if (tsk->thread.pfault_wait == 1) {
768 			/* Already on the list with a reference: put to sleep */
769 			goto block;
770 		} else if (tsk->thread.pfault_wait == -1) {
771 			/* Completion interrupt was faster than the initial
772 			 * interrupt (pfault_wait == -1). Set pfault_wait
773 			 * back to zero and exit. */
774 			tsk->thread.pfault_wait = 0;
775 		} else {
776 			/* Initial interrupt arrived before completion
777 			 * interrupt. Let the task sleep.
778 			 * An extra task reference is needed since a different
779 			 * cpu may set the task state to TASK_RUNNING again
780 			 * before the scheduler is reached. */
781 			get_task_struct(tsk);
782 			tsk->thread.pfault_wait = 1;
783 			list_add(&tsk->thread.list, &pfault_list);
784 block:
785 			/* Since this must be a userspace fault, there
786 			 * is no kernel task state to trample. Rely on the
787 			 * return to userspace schedule() to block. */
788 			__set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
789 			set_tsk_need_resched(tsk);
790 			set_preempt_need_resched();
791 		}
792 	}
793 out:
794 	spin_unlock(&pfault_lock);
795 	put_task_struct(tsk);
796 }
797 
798 static int pfault_cpu_dead(unsigned int cpu)
799 {
800 	struct thread_struct *thread, *next;
801 	struct task_struct *tsk;
802 
803 	spin_lock_irq(&pfault_lock);
804 	list_for_each_entry_safe(thread, next, &pfault_list, list) {
805 		thread->pfault_wait = 0;
806 		list_del(&thread->list);
807 		tsk = container_of(thread, struct task_struct, thread);
808 		wake_up_process(tsk);
809 		put_task_struct(tsk);
810 	}
811 	spin_unlock_irq(&pfault_lock);
812 	return 0;
813 }
814 
815 static int __init pfault_irq_init(void)
816 {
817 	int rc;
818 
819 	rc = register_external_irq(EXT_IRQ_CP_SERVICE, pfault_interrupt);
820 	if (rc)
821 		goto out_extint;
822 	rc = pfault_init() == 0 ? 0 : -EOPNOTSUPP;
823 	if (rc)
824 		goto out_pfault;
825 	irq_subclass_register(IRQ_SUBCLASS_SERVICE_SIGNAL);
826 	cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_S390_PFAULT_DEAD, "s390/pfault:dead",
827 				  NULL, pfault_cpu_dead);
828 	return 0;
829 
830 out_pfault:
831 	unregister_external_irq(EXT_IRQ_CP_SERVICE, pfault_interrupt);
832 out_extint:
833 	pfault_disable = 1;
834 	return rc;
835 }
836 early_initcall(pfault_irq_init);
837 
838 #endif /* CONFIG_PFAULT */
839