xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/s390/boot/startup.c (revision 0c9df3df)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/string.h>
3 #include <linux/elf.h>
4 #include <asm/boot_data.h>
5 #include <asm/sections.h>
6 #include <asm/maccess.h>
7 #include <asm/cpu_mf.h>
8 #include <asm/setup.h>
9 #include <asm/kasan.h>
10 #include <asm/kexec.h>
11 #include <asm/sclp.h>
12 #include <asm/diag.h>
13 #include <asm/uv.h>
14 #include <asm/abs_lowcore.h>
15 #include <asm/physmem_info.h>
16 #include "decompressor.h"
17 #include "boot.h"
18 #include "uv.h"
19 
20 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(__kaslr_offset);
21 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(__abs_lowcore);
22 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(__memcpy_real_area);
23 pte_t *__bootdata_preserved(memcpy_real_ptep);
24 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(VMALLOC_START);
25 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(VMALLOC_END);
26 struct page *__bootdata_preserved(vmemmap);
27 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(vmemmap_size);
28 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(MODULES_VADDR);
29 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(MODULES_END);
30 unsigned long __bootdata_preserved(max_mappable);
31 unsigned long __bootdata(ident_map_size);
32 
33 u64 __bootdata_preserved(stfle_fac_list[16]);
34 struct oldmem_data __bootdata_preserved(oldmem_data);
35 
36 struct machine_info machine;
37 
38 void error(char *x)
39 {
40 	sclp_early_printk("\n\n");
41 	sclp_early_printk(x);
42 	sclp_early_printk("\n\n -- System halted");
43 
44 	disabled_wait();
45 }
46 
47 static void detect_facilities(void)
48 {
49 	if (test_facility(8)) {
50 		machine.has_edat1 = 1;
51 		__ctl_set_bit(0, 23);
52 	}
53 	if (test_facility(78))
54 		machine.has_edat2 = 1;
55 	if (test_facility(130))
56 		machine.has_nx = 1;
57 }
58 
59 static void setup_lpp(void)
60 {
61 	S390_lowcore.current_pid = 0;
62 	S390_lowcore.lpp = LPP_MAGIC;
63 	if (test_facility(40))
64 		lpp(&S390_lowcore.lpp);
65 }
66 
67 #ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED
68 unsigned long mem_safe_offset(void)
69 {
70 	return vmlinux.default_lma + vmlinux.image_size + vmlinux.bss_size;
71 }
72 #endif
73 
74 static void rescue_initrd(unsigned long min, unsigned long max)
75 {
76 	unsigned long old_addr, addr, size;
77 
78 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD))
79 		return;
80 	if (!get_physmem_reserved(RR_INITRD, &addr, &size))
81 		return;
82 	if (addr >= min && addr + size <= max)
83 		return;
84 	old_addr = addr;
85 	physmem_free(RR_INITRD);
86 	addr = physmem_alloc_top_down(RR_INITRD, size, 0);
87 	memmove((void *)addr, (void *)old_addr, size);
88 }
89 
90 static void copy_bootdata(void)
91 {
92 	if (__boot_data_end - __boot_data_start != vmlinux.bootdata_size)
93 		error(".boot.data section size mismatch");
94 	memcpy((void *)vmlinux.bootdata_off, __boot_data_start, vmlinux.bootdata_size);
95 	if (__boot_data_preserved_end - __boot_data_preserved_start != vmlinux.bootdata_preserved_size)
96 		error(".boot.preserved.data section size mismatch");
97 	memcpy((void *)vmlinux.bootdata_preserved_off, __boot_data_preserved_start, vmlinux.bootdata_preserved_size);
98 }
99 
100 static void handle_relocs(unsigned long offset)
101 {
102 	Elf64_Rela *rela_start, *rela_end, *rela;
103 	int r_type, r_sym, rc;
104 	Elf64_Addr loc, val;
105 	Elf64_Sym *dynsym;
106 
107 	rela_start = (Elf64_Rela *) vmlinux.rela_dyn_start;
108 	rela_end = (Elf64_Rela *) vmlinux.rela_dyn_end;
109 	dynsym = (Elf64_Sym *) vmlinux.dynsym_start;
110 	for (rela = rela_start; rela < rela_end; rela++) {
111 		loc = rela->r_offset + offset;
112 		val = rela->r_addend;
113 		r_sym = ELF64_R_SYM(rela->r_info);
114 		if (r_sym) {
115 			if (dynsym[r_sym].st_shndx != SHN_UNDEF)
116 				val += dynsym[r_sym].st_value + offset;
117 		} else {
118 			/*
119 			 * 0 == undefined symbol table index (STN_UNDEF),
120 			 * used for R_390_RELATIVE, only add KASLR offset
121 			 */
122 			val += offset;
123 		}
124 		r_type = ELF64_R_TYPE(rela->r_info);
125 		rc = arch_kexec_do_relocs(r_type, (void *) loc, val, 0);
126 		if (rc)
127 			error("Unknown relocation type");
128 	}
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * Merge information from several sources into a single ident_map_size value.
133  * "ident_map_size" represents the upper limit of physical memory we may ever
134  * reach. It might not be all online memory, but also include standby (offline)
135  * memory. "ident_map_size" could be lower then actual standby or even online
136  * memory present, due to limiting factors. We should never go above this limit.
137  * It is the size of our identity mapping.
138  *
139  * Consider the following factors:
140  * 1. max_physmem_end - end of physical memory online or standby.
141  *    Always >= end of the last online memory range (get_physmem_online_end()).
142  * 2. CONFIG_MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS - the maximum size of physical memory the
143  *    kernel is able to support.
144  * 3. "mem=" kernel command line option which limits physical memory usage.
145  * 4. OLDMEM_BASE which is a kdump memory limit when the kernel is executed as
146  *    crash kernel.
147  * 5. "hsa" size which is a memory limit when the kernel is executed during
148  *    zfcp/nvme dump.
149  */
150 static void setup_ident_map_size(unsigned long max_physmem_end)
151 {
152 	unsigned long hsa_size;
153 
154 	ident_map_size = max_physmem_end;
155 	if (memory_limit)
156 		ident_map_size = min(ident_map_size, memory_limit);
157 	ident_map_size = min(ident_map_size, 1UL << MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS);
158 
159 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
160 	if (oldmem_data.start) {
161 		__kaslr_enabled = 0;
162 		ident_map_size = min(ident_map_size, oldmem_data.size);
163 	} else if (ipl_block_valid && is_ipl_block_dump()) {
164 		__kaslr_enabled = 0;
165 		if (!sclp_early_get_hsa_size(&hsa_size) && hsa_size)
166 			ident_map_size = min(ident_map_size, hsa_size);
167 	}
168 #endif
169 }
170 
171 static unsigned long setup_kernel_memory_layout(void)
172 {
173 	unsigned long vmemmap_start;
174 	unsigned long asce_limit;
175 	unsigned long rte_size;
176 	unsigned long pages;
177 	unsigned long vsize;
178 	unsigned long vmax;
179 
180 	pages = ident_map_size / PAGE_SIZE;
181 	/* vmemmap contains a multiple of PAGES_PER_SECTION struct pages */
182 	vmemmap_size = SECTION_ALIGN_UP(pages) * sizeof(struct page);
183 
184 	/* choose kernel address space layout: 4 or 3 levels. */
185 	vsize = round_up(ident_map_size, _REGION3_SIZE) + vmemmap_size +
186 		MODULES_LEN + MEMCPY_REAL_SIZE + ABS_LOWCORE_MAP_SIZE;
187 	vsize = size_add(vsize, vmalloc_size);
188 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KASAN) || (vsize > _REGION2_SIZE)) {
189 		asce_limit = _REGION1_SIZE;
190 		rte_size = _REGION2_SIZE;
191 	} else {
192 		asce_limit = _REGION2_SIZE;
193 		rte_size = _REGION3_SIZE;
194 	}
195 
196 	/*
197 	 * Forcing modules and vmalloc area under the ultravisor
198 	 * secure storage limit, so that any vmalloc allocation
199 	 * we do could be used to back secure guest storage.
200 	 */
201 	vmax = adjust_to_uv_max(asce_limit);
202 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
203 	/* force vmalloc and modules below kasan shadow */
204 	vmax = min(vmax, KASAN_SHADOW_START);
205 #endif
206 	__memcpy_real_area = round_down(vmax - MEMCPY_REAL_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
207 	__abs_lowcore = round_down(__memcpy_real_area - ABS_LOWCORE_MAP_SIZE,
208 				   sizeof(struct lowcore));
209 	MODULES_END = round_down(__abs_lowcore, _SEGMENT_SIZE);
210 	MODULES_VADDR = MODULES_END - MODULES_LEN;
211 	VMALLOC_END = MODULES_VADDR;
212 
213 	/* allow vmalloc area to occupy up to about 1/2 of the rest virtual space left */
214 	vsize = round_down(VMALLOC_END / 2, _SEGMENT_SIZE);
215 	vmalloc_size = min(vmalloc_size, vsize);
216 	VMALLOC_START = VMALLOC_END - vmalloc_size;
217 
218 	/* split remaining virtual space between 1:1 mapping & vmemmap array */
219 	pages = VMALLOC_START / (PAGE_SIZE + sizeof(struct page));
220 	pages = SECTION_ALIGN_UP(pages);
221 	/* keep vmemmap_start aligned to a top level region table entry */
222 	vmemmap_start = round_down(VMALLOC_START - pages * sizeof(struct page), rte_size);
223 	vmemmap_start = min(vmemmap_start, 1UL << MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS);
224 	/* maximum mappable address as seen by arch_get_mappable_range() */
225 	max_mappable = vmemmap_start;
226 	/* make sure identity map doesn't overlay with vmemmap */
227 	ident_map_size = min(ident_map_size, vmemmap_start);
228 	vmemmap_size = SECTION_ALIGN_UP(ident_map_size / PAGE_SIZE) * sizeof(struct page);
229 	/* make sure vmemmap doesn't overlay with vmalloc area */
230 	VMALLOC_START = max(vmemmap_start + vmemmap_size, VMALLOC_START);
231 	vmemmap = (struct page *)vmemmap_start;
232 
233 	return asce_limit;
234 }
235 
236 /*
237  * This function clears the BSS section of the decompressed Linux kernel and NOT the decompressor's.
238  */
239 static void clear_bss_section(unsigned long vmlinux_lma)
240 {
241 	memset((void *)vmlinux_lma + vmlinux.image_size, 0, vmlinux.bss_size);
242 }
243 
244 /*
245  * Set vmalloc area size to an 8th of (potential) physical memory
246  * size, unless size has been set by kernel command line parameter.
247  */
248 static void setup_vmalloc_size(void)
249 {
250 	unsigned long size;
251 
252 	if (vmalloc_size_set)
253 		return;
254 	size = round_up(ident_map_size / 8, _SEGMENT_SIZE);
255 	vmalloc_size = max(size, vmalloc_size);
256 }
257 
258 static void offset_vmlinux_info(unsigned long offset)
259 {
260 	*(unsigned long *)(&vmlinux.entry) += offset;
261 	vmlinux.bootdata_off += offset;
262 	vmlinux.bootdata_preserved_off += offset;
263 	vmlinux.rela_dyn_start += offset;
264 	vmlinux.rela_dyn_end += offset;
265 	vmlinux.dynsym_start += offset;
266 	vmlinux.init_mm_off += offset;
267 	vmlinux.swapper_pg_dir_off += offset;
268 	vmlinux.invalid_pg_dir_off += offset;
269 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
270 	vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_page_off += offset;
271 	vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_pte_off += offset;
272 	vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_pmd_off += offset;
273 	vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_pud_off += offset;
274 	vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_p4d_off += offset;
275 #endif
276 }
277 
278 void startup_kernel(void)
279 {
280 	unsigned long max_physmem_end;
281 	unsigned long vmlinux_lma = 0;
282 	unsigned long amode31_lma = 0;
283 	unsigned long asce_limit;
284 	unsigned long safe_addr;
285 	void *img;
286 	psw_t psw;
287 
288 	setup_lpp();
289 	safe_addr = mem_safe_offset();
290 
291 	/*
292 	 * Reserve decompressor memory together with decompression heap, buffer and
293 	 * memory which might be occupied by uncompressed kernel at default 1Mb
294 	 * position (if KASLR is off or failed).
295 	 */
296 	physmem_reserve(RR_DECOMPRESSOR, 0, safe_addr);
297 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD) && parmarea.initrd_size)
298 		physmem_reserve(RR_INITRD, parmarea.initrd_start, parmarea.initrd_size);
299 	oldmem_data.start = parmarea.oldmem_base;
300 	oldmem_data.size = parmarea.oldmem_size;
301 
302 	store_ipl_parmblock();
303 	read_ipl_report();
304 	uv_query_info();
305 	sclp_early_read_info();
306 	setup_boot_command_line();
307 	parse_boot_command_line();
308 	detect_facilities();
309 	sanitize_prot_virt_host();
310 	max_physmem_end = detect_max_physmem_end();
311 	setup_ident_map_size(max_physmem_end);
312 	setup_vmalloc_size();
313 	asce_limit = setup_kernel_memory_layout();
314 	/* got final ident_map_size, physmem allocations could be performed now */
315 	physmem_set_usable_limit(ident_map_size);
316 	detect_physmem_online_ranges(max_physmem_end);
317 	save_ipl_cert_comp_list();
318 	rescue_initrd(safe_addr, ident_map_size);
319 
320 	if (kaslr_enabled()) {
321 		vmlinux_lma = randomize_within_range(vmlinux.image_size + vmlinux.bss_size,
322 						     THREAD_SIZE, vmlinux.default_lma,
323 						     ident_map_size);
324 		if (vmlinux_lma) {
325 			__kaslr_offset = vmlinux_lma - vmlinux.default_lma;
326 			offset_vmlinux_info(__kaslr_offset);
327 		}
328 	}
329 	vmlinux_lma = vmlinux_lma ?: vmlinux.default_lma;
330 	physmem_reserve(RR_VMLINUX, vmlinux_lma, vmlinux.image_size + vmlinux.bss_size);
331 
332 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED)) {
333 		img = decompress_kernel();
334 		memmove((void *)vmlinux_lma, img, vmlinux.image_size);
335 	} else if (__kaslr_offset) {
336 		img = (void *)vmlinux.default_lma;
337 		memmove((void *)vmlinux_lma, img, vmlinux.image_size);
338 		memset(img, 0, vmlinux.image_size);
339 	}
340 
341 	/* vmlinux decompression is done, shrink reserved low memory */
342 	physmem_reserve(RR_DECOMPRESSOR, 0, (unsigned long)_decompressor_end);
343 	if (kaslr_enabled())
344 		amode31_lma = randomize_within_range(vmlinux.amode31_size, PAGE_SIZE, 0, SZ_2G);
345 	amode31_lma = amode31_lma ?: vmlinux.default_lma - vmlinux.amode31_size;
346 	physmem_reserve(RR_AMODE31, amode31_lma, vmlinux.amode31_size);
347 
348 	/*
349 	 * The order of the following operations is important:
350 	 *
351 	 * - handle_relocs() must follow clear_bss_section() to establish static
352 	 *   memory references to data in .bss to be used by setup_vmem()
353 	 *   (i.e init_mm.pgd)
354 	 *
355 	 * - setup_vmem() must follow handle_relocs() to be able using
356 	 *   static memory references to data in .bss (i.e init_mm.pgd)
357 	 *
358 	 * - copy_bootdata() must follow setup_vmem() to propagate changes to
359 	 *   bootdata made by setup_vmem()
360 	 */
361 	clear_bss_section(vmlinux_lma);
362 	handle_relocs(__kaslr_offset);
363 	setup_vmem(asce_limit);
364 	copy_bootdata();
365 
366 	/*
367 	 * Save KASLR offset for early dumps, before vmcore_info is set.
368 	 * Mark as uneven to distinguish from real vmcore_info pointer.
369 	 */
370 	S390_lowcore.vmcore_info = __kaslr_offset ? __kaslr_offset | 0x1UL : 0;
371 
372 	/*
373 	 * Jump to the decompressed kernel entry point and switch DAT mode on.
374 	 */
375 	psw.addr = vmlinux.entry;
376 	psw.mask = PSW_KERNEL_BITS;
377 	__load_psw(psw);
378 }
379