xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/riscv/mm/init.c (revision e7f127b2)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4  * Copyright (C) 2019 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
5  * Copyright (C) 2020 FORTH-ICS/CARV
6  *  Nick Kossifidis <mick@ics.forth.gr>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/init.h>
10 #include <linux/mm.h>
11 #include <linux/memblock.h>
12 #include <linux/initrd.h>
13 #include <linux/swap.h>
14 #include <linux/swiotlb.h>
15 #include <linux/sizes.h>
16 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
17 #include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h>
18 #include <linux/libfdt.h>
19 #include <linux/set_memory.h>
20 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
21 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
22 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
23 
24 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
25 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
26 #include <asm/sections.h>
27 #include <asm/soc.h>
28 #include <asm/io.h>
29 #include <asm/ptdump.h>
30 #include <asm/numa.h>
31 
32 #include "../kernel/head.h"
33 
34 struct kernel_mapping kernel_map __ro_after_init;
35 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_map);
36 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
37 #define kernel_map	(*(struct kernel_mapping *)XIP_FIXUP(&kernel_map))
38 #endif
39 
40 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
41 u64 satp_mode = !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) ? SATP_MODE_48 : SATP_MODE_39;
42 #else
43 u64 satp_mode = SATP_MODE_32;
44 #endif
45 EXPORT_SYMBOL(satp_mode);
46 
47 bool pgtable_l4_enabled = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL);
48 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgtable_l4_enabled);
49 
50 phys_addr_t phys_ram_base __ro_after_init;
51 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_ram_base);
52 
53 unsigned long empty_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)]
54 							__page_aligned_bss;
55 EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
56 
57 extern char _start[];
58 #define DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA      PGDIR_SIZE
59 void *_dtb_early_va __initdata;
60 uintptr_t _dtb_early_pa __initdata;
61 
62 static phys_addr_t dma32_phys_limit __initdata;
63 
64 static void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
65 {
66 	unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES] = { 0, };
67 
68 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
69 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = PFN_DOWN(dma32_phys_limit);
70 #endif
71 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
72 
73 	free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
74 }
75 
76 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM)
77 static inline void print_mlk(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
78 {
79 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n", name, b, t,
80 		  (((t) - (b)) >> 10));
81 }
82 
83 static inline void print_mlm(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
84 {
85 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n", name, b, t,
86 		  (((t) - (b)) >> 20));
87 }
88 
89 static void __init print_vm_layout(void)
90 {
91 	pr_notice("Virtual kernel memory layout:\n");
92 	print_mlk("fixmap", (unsigned long)FIXADDR_START,
93 		  (unsigned long)FIXADDR_TOP);
94 	print_mlm("pci io", (unsigned long)PCI_IO_START,
95 		  (unsigned long)PCI_IO_END);
96 	print_mlm("vmemmap", (unsigned long)VMEMMAP_START,
97 		  (unsigned long)VMEMMAP_END);
98 	print_mlm("vmalloc", (unsigned long)VMALLOC_START,
99 		  (unsigned long)VMALLOC_END);
100 	print_mlm("lowmem", (unsigned long)PAGE_OFFSET,
101 		  (unsigned long)high_memory);
102 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) {
103 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
104 		print_mlm("kasan", KASAN_SHADOW_START, KASAN_SHADOW_END);
105 #endif
106 
107 		print_mlm("kernel", (unsigned long)KERNEL_LINK_ADDR,
108 			  (unsigned long)ADDRESS_SPACE_END);
109 	}
110 }
111 #else
112 static void print_vm_layout(void) { }
113 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_VM */
114 
115 void __init mem_init(void)
116 {
117 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
118 	BUG_ON(!mem_map);
119 #endif /* CONFIG_FLATMEM */
120 
121 #ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB
122 	if (swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE ||
123 	    max_pfn > PFN_DOWN(dma32_phys_limit))
124 		swiotlb_init(1);
125 	else
126 		swiotlb_force = SWIOTLB_NO_FORCE;
127 #endif
128 	high_memory = (void *)(__va(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)));
129 	memblock_free_all();
130 
131 	print_vm_layout();
132 }
133 
134 /* Limit the memory size via mem. */
135 static phys_addr_t memory_limit;
136 
137 static int __init early_mem(char *p)
138 {
139 	u64 size;
140 
141 	if (!p)
142 		return 1;
143 
144 	size = memparse(p, &p) & PAGE_MASK;
145 	memory_limit = min_t(u64, size, memory_limit);
146 
147 	pr_notice("Memory limited to %lldMB\n", (u64)memory_limit >> 20);
148 
149 	return 0;
150 }
151 early_param("mem", early_mem);
152 
153 static void __init setup_bootmem(void)
154 {
155 	phys_addr_t vmlinux_end = __pa_symbol(&_end);
156 	phys_addr_t max_mapped_addr;
157 	phys_addr_t phys_ram_end, vmlinux_start;
158 
159 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL))
160 		vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_sdata);
161 	else
162 		vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_start);
163 
164 	memblock_enforce_memory_limit(memory_limit);
165 
166 	/*
167 	 * Make sure we align the reservation on PMD_SIZE since we will
168 	 * map the kernel in the linear mapping as read-only: we do not want
169 	 * any allocation to happen between _end and the next pmd aligned page.
170 	 */
171 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX))
172 		vmlinux_end = (vmlinux_end + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
173 	/*
174 	 * Reserve from the start of the kernel to the end of the kernel
175 	 */
176 	memblock_reserve(vmlinux_start, vmlinux_end - vmlinux_start);
177 
178 	phys_ram_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
179 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL))
180 		phys_ram_base = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
181 	/*
182 	 * memblock allocator is not aware of the fact that last 4K bytes of
183 	 * the addressable memory can not be mapped because of IS_ERR_VALUE
184 	 * macro. Make sure that last 4k bytes are not usable by memblock
185 	 * if end of dram is equal to maximum addressable memory.  For 64-bit
186 	 * kernel, this problem can't happen here as the end of the virtual
187 	 * address space is occupied by the kernel mapping then this check must
188 	 * be done as soon as the kernel mapping base address is determined.
189 	 */
190 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) {
191 		max_mapped_addr = __pa(~(ulong)0);
192 		if (max_mapped_addr == (phys_ram_end - 1))
193 			memblock_set_current_limit(max_mapped_addr - 4096);
194 	}
195 
196 	min_low_pfn = PFN_UP(phys_ram_base);
197 	max_low_pfn = max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(phys_ram_end);
198 
199 	dma32_phys_limit = min(4UL * SZ_1G, (unsigned long)PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
200 	set_max_mapnr(max_low_pfn - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
201 
202 	reserve_initrd_mem();
203 	/*
204 	 * If DTB is built in, no need to reserve its memblock.
205 	 * Otherwise, do reserve it but avoid using
206 	 * early_init_fdt_reserve_self() since __pa() does
207 	 * not work for DTB pointers that are fixmap addresses
208 	 */
209 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB))
210 		memblock_reserve(dtb_early_pa, fdt_totalsize(dtb_early_va));
211 
212 	early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
213 	dma_contiguous_reserve(dma32_phys_limit);
214 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
215 		hugetlb_cma_reserve(PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
216 	memblock_allow_resize();
217 }
218 
219 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
220 struct pt_alloc_ops pt_ops __initdata;
221 
222 unsigned long riscv_pfn_base __ro_after_init;
223 EXPORT_SYMBOL(riscv_pfn_base);
224 
225 pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
226 pgd_t trampoline_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
227 static pte_t fixmap_pte[PTRS_PER_PTE] __page_aligned_bss;
228 
229 pgd_t early_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
230 static pud_t __maybe_unused early_dtb_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
231 static pmd_t __maybe_unused early_dtb_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
232 
233 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
234 #define pt_ops			(*(struct pt_alloc_ops *)XIP_FIXUP(&pt_ops))
235 #define trampoline_pg_dir      ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pg_dir))
236 #define fixmap_pte             ((pte_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pte))
237 #define early_pg_dir           ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pg_dir))
238 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
239 
240 void __set_fixmap(enum fixed_addresses idx, phys_addr_t phys, pgprot_t prot)
241 {
242 	unsigned long addr = __fix_to_virt(idx);
243 	pte_t *ptep;
244 
245 	BUG_ON(idx <= FIX_HOLE || idx >= __end_of_fixed_addresses);
246 
247 	ptep = &fixmap_pte[pte_index(addr)];
248 
249 	if (pgprot_val(prot))
250 		set_pte(ptep, pfn_pte(phys >> PAGE_SHIFT, prot));
251 	else
252 		pte_clear(&init_mm, addr, ptep);
253 	local_flush_tlb_page(addr);
254 }
255 
256 static inline pte_t *__init get_pte_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
257 {
258 	return (pte_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
259 }
260 
261 static inline pte_t *__init get_pte_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
262 {
263 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
264 	return (pte_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PTE, pa);
265 }
266 
267 static inline pte_t *__init get_pte_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
268 {
269 	return (pte_t *) __va(pa);
270 }
271 
272 static inline phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte_early(uintptr_t va)
273 {
274 	/*
275 	 * We only create PMD or PGD early mappings so we
276 	 * should never reach here with MMU disabled.
277 	 */
278 	BUG();
279 }
280 
281 static inline phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
282 {
283 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
284 }
285 
286 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte_late(uintptr_t va)
287 {
288 	unsigned long vaddr;
289 
290 	vaddr = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
291 	BUG_ON(!vaddr || !pgtable_pte_page_ctor(virt_to_page(vaddr)));
292 
293 	return __pa(vaddr);
294 }
295 
296 static void __init create_pte_mapping(pte_t *ptep,
297 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
298 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
299 {
300 	uintptr_t pte_idx = pte_index(va);
301 
302 	BUG_ON(sz != PAGE_SIZE);
303 
304 	if (pte_none(ptep[pte_idx]))
305 		ptep[pte_idx] = pfn_pte(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
306 }
307 
308 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
309 
310 static pmd_t trampoline_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
311 static pmd_t fixmap_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
312 static pmd_t early_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
313 
314 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
315 #define trampoline_pmd ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pmd))
316 #define fixmap_pmd     ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pmd))
317 #define early_pmd      ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pmd))
318 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
319 
320 static pud_t trampoline_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __page_aligned_bss;
321 static pud_t fixmap_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __page_aligned_bss;
322 static pud_t early_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
323 
324 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
325 #define trampoline_pud ((pud_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pud))
326 #define fixmap_pud     ((pud_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pud))
327 #define early_pud      ((pud_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pud))
328 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
329 
330 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
331 {
332 	/* Before MMU is enabled */
333 	return (pmd_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
334 }
335 
336 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
337 {
338 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
339 	return (pmd_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PMD, pa);
340 }
341 
342 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
343 {
344 	return (pmd_t *) __va(pa);
345 }
346 
347 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_early(uintptr_t va)
348 {
349 	BUG_ON((va - kernel_map.virt_addr) >> PUD_SHIFT);
350 
351 	return (uintptr_t)early_pmd;
352 }
353 
354 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
355 {
356 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
357 }
358 
359 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_late(uintptr_t va)
360 {
361 	unsigned long vaddr;
362 
363 	vaddr = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
364 	BUG_ON(!vaddr || !pgtable_pmd_page_ctor(virt_to_page(vaddr)));
365 
366 	return __pa(vaddr);
367 }
368 
369 static void __init create_pmd_mapping(pmd_t *pmdp,
370 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
371 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
372 {
373 	pte_t *ptep;
374 	phys_addr_t pte_phys;
375 	uintptr_t pmd_idx = pmd_index(va);
376 
377 	if (sz == PMD_SIZE) {
378 		if (pmd_none(pmdp[pmd_idx]))
379 			pmdp[pmd_idx] = pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
380 		return;
381 	}
382 
383 	if (pmd_none(pmdp[pmd_idx])) {
384 		pte_phys = pt_ops.alloc_pte(va);
385 		pmdp[pmd_idx] = pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(pte_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
386 		ptep = pt_ops.get_pte_virt(pte_phys);
387 		memset(ptep, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
388 	} else {
389 		pte_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pmd_pfn(pmdp[pmd_idx]));
390 		ptep = pt_ops.get_pte_virt(pte_phys);
391 	}
392 
393 	create_pte_mapping(ptep, va, pa, sz, prot);
394 }
395 
396 static pud_t *__init get_pud_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
397 {
398 	return (pud_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
399 }
400 
401 static pud_t *__init get_pud_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
402 {
403 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PUD);
404 	return (pud_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PUD, pa);
405 }
406 
407 static pud_t *__init get_pud_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
408 {
409 	return (pud_t *)__va(pa);
410 }
411 
412 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pud_early(uintptr_t va)
413 {
414 	/* Only one PUD is available for early mapping */
415 	BUG_ON((va - kernel_map.virt_addr) >> PGDIR_SHIFT);
416 
417 	return (uintptr_t)early_pud;
418 }
419 
420 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pud_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
421 {
422 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
423 }
424 
425 static phys_addr_t alloc_pud_late(uintptr_t va)
426 {
427 	unsigned long vaddr;
428 
429 	vaddr = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
430 	BUG_ON(!vaddr);
431 	return __pa(vaddr);
432 }
433 
434 static void __init create_pud_mapping(pud_t *pudp,
435 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
436 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
437 {
438 	pmd_t *nextp;
439 	phys_addr_t next_phys;
440 	uintptr_t pud_index = pud_index(va);
441 
442 	if (sz == PUD_SIZE) {
443 		if (pud_val(pudp[pud_index]) == 0)
444 			pudp[pud_index] = pfn_pud(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
445 		return;
446 	}
447 
448 	if (pud_val(pudp[pud_index]) == 0) {
449 		next_phys = pt_ops.alloc_pmd(va);
450 		pudp[pud_index] = pfn_pud(PFN_DOWN(next_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
451 		nextp = pt_ops.get_pmd_virt(next_phys);
452 		memset(nextp, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
453 	} else {
454 		next_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pud_pfn(pudp[pud_index]));
455 		nextp = pt_ops.get_pmd_virt(next_phys);
456 	}
457 
458 	create_pmd_mapping(nextp, va, pa, sz, prot);
459 }
460 
461 #define pgd_next_t		pud_t
462 #define alloc_pgd_next(__va)	(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
463 		pt_ops.alloc_pud(__va) : pt_ops.alloc_pmd(__va))
464 #define get_pgd_next_virt(__pa)	(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
465 		pt_ops.get_pud_virt(__pa) : (pgd_next_t *)pt_ops.get_pmd_virt(__pa))
466 #define create_pgd_next_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)	\
467 				(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
468 		create_pud_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot) :	\
469 		create_pmd_mapping((pmd_t *)__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot))
470 #define fixmap_pgd_next		(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
471 		(uintptr_t)fixmap_pud : (uintptr_t)fixmap_pmd)
472 #define trampoline_pgd_next	(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
473 		(uintptr_t)trampoline_pud : (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd)
474 #define early_dtb_pgd_next	(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
475 		(uintptr_t)early_dtb_pud : (uintptr_t)early_dtb_pmd)
476 #else
477 #define pgd_next_t		pte_t
478 #define alloc_pgd_next(__va)	pt_ops.alloc_pte(__va)
479 #define get_pgd_next_virt(__pa)	pt_ops.get_pte_virt(__pa)
480 #define create_pgd_next_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)	\
481 	create_pte_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)
482 #define fixmap_pgd_next		((uintptr_t)fixmap_pte)
483 #define early_dtb_pgd_next	((uintptr_t)early_dtb_pmd)
484 #define create_pud_mapping(__pmdp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)
485 #define create_pmd_mapping(__pmdp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)
486 #endif /* __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED */
487 
488 void __init create_pgd_mapping(pgd_t *pgdp,
489 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
490 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
491 {
492 	pgd_next_t *nextp;
493 	phys_addr_t next_phys;
494 	uintptr_t pgd_idx = pgd_index(va);
495 
496 	if (sz == PGDIR_SIZE) {
497 		if (pgd_val(pgdp[pgd_idx]) == 0)
498 			pgdp[pgd_idx] = pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
499 		return;
500 	}
501 
502 	if (pgd_val(pgdp[pgd_idx]) == 0) {
503 		next_phys = alloc_pgd_next(va);
504 		pgdp[pgd_idx] = pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(next_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
505 		nextp = get_pgd_next_virt(next_phys);
506 		memset(nextp, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
507 	} else {
508 		next_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pgd_pfn(pgdp[pgd_idx]));
509 		nextp = get_pgd_next_virt(next_phys);
510 	}
511 
512 	create_pgd_next_mapping(nextp, va, pa, sz, prot);
513 }
514 
515 static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
516 {
517 	/* Upgrade to PMD_SIZE mappings whenever possible */
518 	if ((base & (PMD_SIZE - 1)) || (size & (PMD_SIZE - 1)))
519 		return PAGE_SIZE;
520 
521 	return PMD_SIZE;
522 }
523 
524 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
525 extern char _xiprom[], _exiprom[], __data_loc;
526 
527 /* called from head.S with MMU off */
528 asmlinkage void __init __copy_data(void)
529 {
530 	void *from = (void *)(&__data_loc);
531 	void *to = (void *)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
532 	size_t sz = (size_t)((uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_sdata));
533 
534 	memcpy(to, from, sz);
535 }
536 #endif
537 
538 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
539 static __init pgprot_t pgprot_from_va(uintptr_t va)
540 {
541 	if (is_va_kernel_text(va))
542 		return PAGE_KERNEL_READ_EXEC;
543 
544 	/*
545 	 * In 64-bit kernel, the kernel mapping is outside the linear mapping so
546 	 * we must protect its linear mapping alias from being executed and
547 	 * written.
548 	 * And rodata section is marked readonly in mark_rodata_ro.
549 	 */
550 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && is_va_kernel_lm_alias_text(va))
551 		return PAGE_KERNEL_READ;
552 
553 	return PAGE_KERNEL;
554 }
555 
556 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
557 {
558 	set_kernel_memory(__start_rodata, _data, set_memory_ro);
559 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
560 		set_kernel_memory(lm_alias(__start_rodata), lm_alias(_data),
561 				  set_memory_ro);
562 
563 	debug_checkwx();
564 }
565 #else
566 static __init pgprot_t pgprot_from_va(uintptr_t va)
567 {
568 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && !is_kernel_mapping(va))
569 		return PAGE_KERNEL;
570 
571 	return PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
572 }
573 #endif /* CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX */
574 
575 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
576 static void __init disable_pgtable_l4(void)
577 {
578 	pgtable_l4_enabled = false;
579 	kernel_map.page_offset = PAGE_OFFSET_L3;
580 	satp_mode = SATP_MODE_39;
581 }
582 
583 /*
584  * There is a simple way to determine if 4-level is supported by the
585  * underlying hardware: establish 1:1 mapping in 4-level page table mode
586  * then read SATP to see if the configuration was taken into account
587  * meaning sv48 is supported.
588  */
589 static __init void set_satp_mode(void)
590 {
591 	u64 identity_satp, hw_satp;
592 	uintptr_t set_satp_mode_pmd;
593 
594 	set_satp_mode_pmd = ((unsigned long)set_satp_mode) & PMD_MASK;
595 	create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir,
596 			   set_satp_mode_pmd, (uintptr_t)early_pud,
597 			   PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
598 	create_pud_mapping(early_pud,
599 			   set_satp_mode_pmd, (uintptr_t)early_pmd,
600 			   PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
601 	/* Handle the case where set_satp_mode straddles 2 PMDs */
602 	create_pmd_mapping(early_pmd,
603 			   set_satp_mode_pmd, set_satp_mode_pmd,
604 			   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
605 	create_pmd_mapping(early_pmd,
606 			   set_satp_mode_pmd + PMD_SIZE,
607 			   set_satp_mode_pmd + PMD_SIZE,
608 			   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
609 
610 	identity_satp = PFN_DOWN((uintptr_t)&early_pg_dir) | satp_mode;
611 
612 	local_flush_tlb_all();
613 	csr_write(CSR_SATP, identity_satp);
614 	hw_satp = csr_swap(CSR_SATP, 0ULL);
615 	local_flush_tlb_all();
616 
617 	if (hw_satp != identity_satp)
618 		disable_pgtable_l4();
619 
620 	memset(early_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
621 	memset(early_pud, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
622 	memset(early_pmd, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
623 }
624 #endif
625 
626 /*
627  * setup_vm() is called from head.S with MMU-off.
628  *
629  * Following requirements should be honoured for setup_vm() to work
630  * correctly:
631  * 1) It should use PC-relative addressing for accessing kernel symbols.
632  *    To achieve this we always use GCC cmodel=medany.
633  * 2) The compiler instrumentation for FTRACE will not work for setup_vm()
634  *    so disable compiler instrumentation when FTRACE is enabled.
635  *
636  * Currently, the above requirements are honoured by using custom CFLAGS
637  * for init.o in mm/Makefile.
638  */
639 
640 #ifndef __riscv_cmodel_medany
641 #error "setup_vm() is called from head.S before relocate so it should not use absolute addressing."
642 #endif
643 
644 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
645 static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir,
646 					    __always_unused bool early)
647 {
648 	uintptr_t va, end_va;
649 
650 	/* Map the flash resident part */
651 	end_va = kernel_map.virt_addr + kernel_map.xiprom_sz;
652 	for (va = kernel_map.virt_addr; va < end_va; va += PMD_SIZE)
653 		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
654 				   kernel_map.xiprom + (va - kernel_map.virt_addr),
655 				   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
656 
657 	/* Map the data in RAM */
658 	end_va = kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET + kernel_map.size;
659 	for (va = kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET; va < end_va; va += PMD_SIZE)
660 		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
661 				   kernel_map.phys_addr + (va - (kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET)),
662 				   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
663 }
664 #else
665 static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, bool early)
666 {
667 	uintptr_t va, end_va;
668 
669 	end_va = kernel_map.virt_addr + kernel_map.size;
670 	for (va = kernel_map.virt_addr; va < end_va; va += PMD_SIZE)
671 		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
672 				   kernel_map.phys_addr + (va - kernel_map.virt_addr),
673 				   PMD_SIZE,
674 				   early ?
675 					PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC : pgprot_from_va(va));
676 }
677 #endif
678 
679 /*
680  * Setup a 4MB mapping that encompasses the device tree: for 64-bit kernel,
681  * this means 2 PMD entries whereas for 32-bit kernel, this is only 1 PGDIR
682  * entry.
683  */
684 static void __init create_fdt_early_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t dtb_pa)
685 {
686 #ifndef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
687 	uintptr_t pa = dtb_pa & ~(PMD_SIZE - 1);
688 
689 	create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA,
690 			   IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ? early_dtb_pgd_next : pa,
691 			   PGDIR_SIZE,
692 			   IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ? PAGE_TABLE : PAGE_KERNEL);
693 
694 	if (pgtable_l4_enabled) {
695 		create_pud_mapping(early_dtb_pud, DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA,
696 				   (uintptr_t)early_dtb_pmd, PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
697 	}
698 
699 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) {
700 		create_pmd_mapping(early_dtb_pmd, DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA,
701 				   pa, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
702 		create_pmd_mapping(early_dtb_pmd, DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA + PMD_SIZE,
703 				   pa + PMD_SIZE, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
704 	}
705 
706 	dtb_early_va = (void *)DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA + (dtb_pa & (PMD_SIZE - 1));
707 #else
708 	/*
709 	 * For 64-bit kernel, __va can't be used since it would return a linear
710 	 * mapping address whereas dtb_early_va will be used before
711 	 * setup_vm_final installs the linear mapping. For 32-bit kernel, as the
712 	 * kernel is mapped in the linear mapping, that makes no difference.
713 	 */
714 	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_pa));
715 #endif
716 
717 	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
718 }
719 
720 /*
721  * MMU is not enabled, the page tables are allocated directly using
722  * early_pmd/pud/p4d and the address returned is the physical one.
723  */
724 void __init pt_ops_set_early(void)
725 {
726 	pt_ops.alloc_pte = alloc_pte_early;
727 	pt_ops.get_pte_virt = get_pte_virt_early;
728 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
729 	pt_ops.alloc_pmd = alloc_pmd_early;
730 	pt_ops.get_pmd_virt = get_pmd_virt_early;
731 	pt_ops.alloc_pud = alloc_pud_early;
732 	pt_ops.get_pud_virt = get_pud_virt_early;
733 #endif
734 }
735 
736 /*
737  * MMU is enabled but page table setup is not complete yet.
738  * fixmap page table alloc functions must be used as a means to temporarily
739  * map the allocated physical pages since the linear mapping does not exist yet.
740  *
741  * Note that this is called with MMU disabled, hence kernel_mapping_pa_to_va,
742  * but it will be used as described above.
743  */
744 void __init pt_ops_set_fixmap(void)
745 {
746 	pt_ops.alloc_pte = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va((uintptr_t)alloc_pte_fixmap);
747 	pt_ops.get_pte_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va((uintptr_t)get_pte_virt_fixmap);
748 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
749 	pt_ops.alloc_pmd = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va((uintptr_t)alloc_pmd_fixmap);
750 	pt_ops.get_pmd_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va((uintptr_t)get_pmd_virt_fixmap);
751 	pt_ops.alloc_pud = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va((uintptr_t)alloc_pud_fixmap);
752 	pt_ops.get_pud_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va((uintptr_t)get_pud_virt_fixmap);
753 #endif
754 }
755 
756 /*
757  * MMU is enabled and page table setup is complete, so from now, we can use
758  * generic page allocation functions to setup page table.
759  */
760 void __init pt_ops_set_late(void)
761 {
762 	pt_ops.alloc_pte = alloc_pte_late;
763 	pt_ops.get_pte_virt = get_pte_virt_late;
764 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
765 	pt_ops.alloc_pmd = alloc_pmd_late;
766 	pt_ops.get_pmd_virt = get_pmd_virt_late;
767 	pt_ops.alloc_pud = alloc_pud_late;
768 	pt_ops.get_pud_virt = get_pud_virt_late;
769 #endif
770 }
771 
772 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
773 {
774 	pmd_t __maybe_unused fix_bmap_spmd, fix_bmap_epmd;
775 
776 	kernel_map.virt_addr = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR;
777 	kernel_map.page_offset = _AC(CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET, UL);
778 
779 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
780 	kernel_map.xiprom = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR;
781 	kernel_map.xiprom_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_exiprom) - (uintptr_t)(&_xiprom);
782 
783 	phys_ram_base = CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
784 	kernel_map.phys_addr = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
785 	kernel_map.size = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_sdata);
786 
787 	kernel_map.va_kernel_xip_pa_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - kernel_map.xiprom;
788 #else
789 	kernel_map.phys_addr = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
790 	kernel_map.size = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - kernel_map.phys_addr;
791 #endif
792 
793 #if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
794 	set_satp_mode();
795 #endif
796 
797 	kernel_map.va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - kernel_map.phys_addr;
798 	kernel_map.va_kernel_pa_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - kernel_map.phys_addr;
799 
800 	riscv_pfn_base = PFN_DOWN(kernel_map.phys_addr);
801 
802 	/*
803 	 * The default maximal physical memory size is KERN_VIRT_SIZE for 32-bit
804 	 * kernel, whereas for 64-bit kernel, the end of the virtual address
805 	 * space is occupied by the modules/BPF/kernel mappings which reduces
806 	 * the available size of the linear mapping.
807 	 */
808 	memory_limit = KERN_VIRT_SIZE - (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ? SZ_4G : 0);
809 
810 	/* Sanity check alignment and size */
811 	BUG_ON((PAGE_OFFSET % PGDIR_SIZE) != 0);
812 	BUG_ON((kernel_map.phys_addr % PMD_SIZE) != 0);
813 
814 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
815 	/*
816 	 * The last 4K bytes of the addressable memory can not be mapped because
817 	 * of IS_ERR_VALUE macro.
818 	 */
819 	BUG_ON((kernel_map.virt_addr + kernel_map.size) > ADDRESS_SPACE_END - SZ_4K);
820 #endif
821 
822 	pt_ops_set_early();
823 
824 	/* Setup early PGD for fixmap */
825 	create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, FIXADDR_START,
826 			   fixmap_pgd_next, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
827 
828 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
829 	/* Setup fixmap PUD and PMD */
830 	if (pgtable_l4_enabled)
831 		create_pud_mapping(fixmap_pud, FIXADDR_START,
832 				   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pmd, PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
833 	create_pmd_mapping(fixmap_pmd, FIXADDR_START,
834 			   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pte, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
835 	/* Setup trampoline PGD and PMD */
836 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_map.virt_addr,
837 			   trampoline_pgd_next, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
838 	if (pgtable_l4_enabled)
839 		create_pud_mapping(trampoline_pud, kernel_map.virt_addr,
840 				   (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd, PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
841 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
842 	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_map.virt_addr,
843 			   kernel_map.xiprom, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
844 #else
845 	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_map.virt_addr,
846 			   kernel_map.phys_addr, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
847 #endif
848 #else
849 	/* Setup trampoline PGD */
850 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_map.virt_addr,
851 			   kernel_map.phys_addr, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
852 #endif
853 
854 	/*
855 	 * Setup early PGD covering entire kernel which will allow
856 	 * us to reach paging_init(). We map all memory banks later
857 	 * in setup_vm_final() below.
858 	 */
859 	create_kernel_page_table(early_pg_dir, true);
860 
861 	/* Setup early mapping for FDT early scan */
862 	create_fdt_early_page_table(early_pg_dir, dtb_pa);
863 
864 	/*
865 	 * Bootime fixmap only can handle PMD_SIZE mapping. Thus, boot-ioremap
866 	 * range can not span multiple pmds.
867 	 */
868 	BUG_ON((__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT)
869 		     != (__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT));
870 
871 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
872 	/*
873 	 * Early ioremap fixmap is already created as it lies within first 2MB
874 	 * of fixmap region. We always map PMD_SIZE. Thus, both FIX_BTMAP_END
875 	 * FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN should lie in the same pmd. Verify that and warn
876 	 * the user if not.
877 	 */
878 	fix_bmap_spmd = fixmap_pmd[pmd_index(__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN))];
879 	fix_bmap_epmd = fixmap_pmd[pmd_index(__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END))];
880 	if (pmd_val(fix_bmap_spmd) != pmd_val(fix_bmap_epmd)) {
881 		WARN_ON(1);
882 		pr_warn("fixmap btmap start [%08lx] != end [%08lx]\n",
883 			pmd_val(fix_bmap_spmd), pmd_val(fix_bmap_epmd));
884 		pr_warn("fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN): %08lx\n",
885 			fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN));
886 		pr_warn("fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END):   %08lx\n",
887 			fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END));
888 
889 		pr_warn("FIX_BTMAP_END:       %d\n", FIX_BTMAP_END);
890 		pr_warn("FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN:     %d\n", FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN);
891 	}
892 #endif
893 
894 	pt_ops_set_fixmap();
895 }
896 
897 static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
898 {
899 	uintptr_t va, map_size;
900 	phys_addr_t pa, start, end;
901 	u64 i;
902 
903 	/* Setup swapper PGD for fixmap */
904 	create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, FIXADDR_START,
905 			   __pa_symbol(fixmap_pgd_next),
906 			   PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
907 
908 	/* Map all memory banks in the linear mapping */
909 	for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
910 		if (start >= end)
911 			break;
912 		if (start <= __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) &&
913 		    __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) < end)
914 			start = __pa(PAGE_OFFSET);
915 		if (end >= __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) + memory_limit)
916 			end = __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) + memory_limit;
917 
918 		map_size = best_map_size(start, end - start);
919 		for (pa = start; pa < end; pa += map_size) {
920 			va = (uintptr_t)__va(pa);
921 
922 			create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, va, pa, map_size,
923 					   pgprot_from_va(va));
924 		}
925 	}
926 
927 	/* Map the kernel */
928 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
929 		create_kernel_page_table(swapper_pg_dir, false);
930 
931 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
932 	kasan_swapper_init();
933 #endif
934 
935 	/* Clear fixmap PTE and PMD mappings */
936 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
937 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
938 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PUD);
939 
940 	/* Move to swapper page table */
941 	csr_write(CSR_SATP, PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(swapper_pg_dir)) | satp_mode);
942 	local_flush_tlb_all();
943 
944 	pt_ops_set_late();
945 }
946 #else
947 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
948 {
949 	dtb_early_va = (void *)dtb_pa;
950 	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
951 }
952 
953 static inline void setup_vm_final(void)
954 {
955 }
956 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
957 
958 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
959 /*
960  * reserve_crashkernel() - reserves memory for crash kernel
961  *
962  * This function reserves memory area given in "crashkernel=" kernel command
963  * line parameter. The memory reserved is used by dump capture kernel when
964  * primary kernel is crashing.
965  */
966 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
967 {
968 	unsigned long long crash_base = 0;
969 	unsigned long long crash_size = 0;
970 	unsigned long search_start = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
971 	unsigned long search_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
972 
973 	int ret = 0;
974 
975 	/*
976 	 * Don't reserve a region for a crash kernel on a crash kernel
977 	 * since it doesn't make much sense and we have limited memory
978 	 * resources.
979 	 */
980 	if (is_kdump_kernel()) {
981 		pr_info("crashkernel: ignoring reservation request\n");
982 		return;
983 	}
984 
985 	ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memblock_phys_mem_size(),
986 				&crash_size, &crash_base);
987 	if (ret || !crash_size)
988 		return;
989 
990 	crash_size = PAGE_ALIGN(crash_size);
991 
992 	if (crash_base) {
993 		search_start = crash_base;
994 		search_end = crash_base + crash_size;
995 	}
996 
997 	/*
998 	 * Current riscv boot protocol requires 2MB alignment for
999 	 * RV64 and 4MB alignment for RV32 (hugepage size)
1000 	 *
1001 	 * Try to alloc from 32bit addressible physical memory so that
1002 	 * swiotlb can work on the crash kernel.
1003 	 */
1004 	crash_base = memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size, PMD_SIZE,
1005 					       search_start,
1006 					       min(search_end, (unsigned long) SZ_4G));
1007 	if (crash_base == 0) {
1008 		/* Try again without restricting region to 32bit addressible memory */
1009 		crash_base = memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size, PMD_SIZE,
1010 						search_start, search_end);
1011 		if (crash_base == 0) {
1012 			pr_warn("crashkernel: couldn't allocate %lldKB\n",
1013 				crash_size >> 10);
1014 			return;
1015 		}
1016 	}
1017 
1018 	pr_info("crashkernel: reserved 0x%016llx - 0x%016llx (%lld MB)\n",
1019 		crash_base, crash_base + crash_size, crash_size >> 20);
1020 
1021 	crashk_res.start = crash_base;
1022 	crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
1023 }
1024 #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE */
1025 
1026 void __init paging_init(void)
1027 {
1028 	setup_bootmem();
1029 	setup_vm_final();
1030 }
1031 
1032 void __init misc_mem_init(void)
1033 {
1034 	early_memtest(min_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
1035 	arch_numa_init();
1036 	sparse_init();
1037 	zone_sizes_init();
1038 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
1039 	reserve_crashkernel();
1040 #endif
1041 	memblock_dump_all();
1042 }
1043 
1044 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
1045 int __meminit vmemmap_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
1046 			       struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
1047 {
1048 	return vmemmap_populate_basepages(start, end, node, NULL);
1049 }
1050 #endif
1051