xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c (revision 09b06c25)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2009 Sunplus Core Technology Co., Ltd.
4  *  Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@sunplusct.com>
5  *  Chen Liqin <liqin.chen@sunplusct.com>
6  * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
7  */
8 
9 
10 #include <linux/mm.h>
11 #include <linux/kernel.h>
12 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
13 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
14 #include <linux/signal.h>
15 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
16 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
17 #include <linux/kfence.h>
18 #include <linux/entry-common.h>
19 
20 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
21 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
22 
23 #include "../kernel/head.h"
24 
25 static void die_kernel_fault(const char *msg, unsigned long addr,
26 		struct pt_regs *regs)
27 {
28 	bust_spinlocks(1);
29 
30 	pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel %s at virtual address " REG_FMT "\n", msg,
31 		addr);
32 
33 	bust_spinlocks(0);
34 	die(regs, "Oops");
35 	make_task_dead(SIGKILL);
36 }
37 
38 static inline void no_context(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long addr)
39 {
40 	const char *msg;
41 
42 	/* Are we prepared to handle this kernel fault? */
43 	if (fixup_exception(regs))
44 		return;
45 
46 	/*
47 	 * Oops. The kernel tried to access some bad page. We'll have to
48 	 * terminate things with extreme prejudice.
49 	 */
50 	if (addr < PAGE_SIZE)
51 		msg = "NULL pointer dereference";
52 	else {
53 		if (kfence_handle_page_fault(addr, regs->cause == EXC_STORE_PAGE_FAULT, regs))
54 			return;
55 
56 		msg = "paging request";
57 	}
58 
59 	die_kernel_fault(msg, addr, regs);
60 }
61 
62 static inline void mm_fault_error(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long addr, vm_fault_t fault)
63 {
64 	if (!user_mode(regs)) {
65 		no_context(regs, addr);
66 		return;
67 	}
68 
69 	if (fault & VM_FAULT_OOM) {
70 		/*
71 		 * We ran out of memory, call the OOM killer, and return the userspace
72 		 * (which will retry the fault, or kill us if we got oom-killed).
73 		 */
74 		pagefault_out_of_memory();
75 		return;
76 	} else if (fault & (VM_FAULT_SIGBUS | VM_FAULT_HWPOISON | VM_FAULT_HWPOISON_LARGE)) {
77 		/* Kernel mode? Handle exceptions or die */
78 		do_trap(regs, SIGBUS, BUS_ADRERR, addr);
79 		return;
80 	} else if (fault & VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV) {
81 		do_trap(regs, SIGSEGV, SEGV_MAPERR, addr);
82 		return;
83 	}
84 
85 	BUG();
86 }
87 
88 static inline void
89 bad_area_nosemaphore(struct pt_regs *regs, int code, unsigned long addr)
90 {
91 	/*
92 	 * Something tried to access memory that isn't in our memory map.
93 	 * Fix it, but check if it's kernel or user first.
94 	 */
95 	/* User mode accesses just cause a SIGSEGV */
96 	if (user_mode(regs)) {
97 		do_trap(regs, SIGSEGV, code, addr);
98 		return;
99 	}
100 
101 	no_context(regs, addr);
102 }
103 
104 static inline void
105 bad_area(struct pt_regs *regs, struct mm_struct *mm, int code,
106 	 unsigned long addr)
107 {
108 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
109 
110 	bad_area_nosemaphore(regs, code, addr);
111 }
112 
113 static inline void vmalloc_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, int code, unsigned long addr)
114 {
115 	pgd_t *pgd, *pgd_k;
116 	pud_t *pud_k;
117 	p4d_t *p4d_k;
118 	pmd_t *pmd_k;
119 	pte_t *pte_k;
120 	int index;
121 	unsigned long pfn;
122 
123 	/* User mode accesses just cause a SIGSEGV */
124 	if (user_mode(regs))
125 		return do_trap(regs, SIGSEGV, code, addr);
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * Synchronize this task's top level page-table
129 	 * with the 'reference' page table.
130 	 *
131 	 * Do _not_ use "tsk->active_mm->pgd" here.
132 	 * We might be inside an interrupt in the middle
133 	 * of a task switch.
134 	 */
135 	index = pgd_index(addr);
136 	pfn = csr_read(CSR_SATP) & SATP_PPN;
137 	pgd = (pgd_t *)pfn_to_virt(pfn) + index;
138 	pgd_k = init_mm.pgd + index;
139 
140 	if (!pgd_present(pgdp_get(pgd_k))) {
141 		no_context(regs, addr);
142 		return;
143 	}
144 	set_pgd(pgd, pgdp_get(pgd_k));
145 
146 	p4d_k = p4d_offset(pgd_k, addr);
147 	if (!p4d_present(p4dp_get(p4d_k))) {
148 		no_context(regs, addr);
149 		return;
150 	}
151 
152 	pud_k = pud_offset(p4d_k, addr);
153 	if (!pud_present(pudp_get(pud_k))) {
154 		no_context(regs, addr);
155 		return;
156 	}
157 	if (pud_leaf(pudp_get(pud_k)))
158 		goto flush_tlb;
159 
160 	/*
161 	 * Since the vmalloc area is global, it is unnecessary
162 	 * to copy individual PTEs
163 	 */
164 	pmd_k = pmd_offset(pud_k, addr);
165 	if (!pmd_present(pmdp_get(pmd_k))) {
166 		no_context(regs, addr);
167 		return;
168 	}
169 	if (pmd_leaf(pmdp_get(pmd_k)))
170 		goto flush_tlb;
171 
172 	/*
173 	 * Make sure the actual PTE exists as well to
174 	 * catch kernel vmalloc-area accesses to non-mapped
175 	 * addresses. If we don't do this, this will just
176 	 * silently loop forever.
177 	 */
178 	pte_k = pte_offset_kernel(pmd_k, addr);
179 	if (!pte_present(ptep_get(pte_k))) {
180 		no_context(regs, addr);
181 		return;
182 	}
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * The kernel assumes that TLBs don't cache invalid
186 	 * entries, but in RISC-V, SFENCE.VMA specifies an
187 	 * ordering constraint, not a cache flush; it is
188 	 * necessary even after writing invalid entries.
189 	 */
190 flush_tlb:
191 	local_flush_tlb_page(addr);
192 }
193 
194 static inline bool access_error(unsigned long cause, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
195 {
196 	switch (cause) {
197 	case EXC_INST_PAGE_FAULT:
198 		if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC)) {
199 			return true;
200 		}
201 		break;
202 	case EXC_LOAD_PAGE_FAULT:
203 		/* Write implies read */
204 		if (!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_READ | VM_WRITE))) {
205 			return true;
206 		}
207 		break;
208 	case EXC_STORE_PAGE_FAULT:
209 		if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)) {
210 			return true;
211 		}
212 		break;
213 	default:
214 		panic("%s: unhandled cause %lu", __func__, cause);
215 	}
216 	return false;
217 }
218 
219 /*
220  * This routine handles page faults.  It determines the address and the
221  * problem, and then passes it off to one of the appropriate routines.
222  */
223 void handle_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
224 {
225 	struct task_struct *tsk;
226 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
227 	struct mm_struct *mm;
228 	unsigned long addr, cause;
229 	unsigned int flags = FAULT_FLAG_DEFAULT;
230 	int code = SEGV_MAPERR;
231 	vm_fault_t fault;
232 
233 	cause = regs->cause;
234 	addr = regs->badaddr;
235 
236 	tsk = current;
237 	mm = tsk->mm;
238 
239 	if (kprobe_page_fault(regs, cause))
240 		return;
241 
242 	/*
243 	 * Fault-in kernel-space virtual memory on-demand.
244 	 * The 'reference' page table is init_mm.pgd.
245 	 *
246 	 * NOTE! We MUST NOT take any locks for this case. We may
247 	 * be in an interrupt or a critical region, and should
248 	 * only copy the information from the master page table,
249 	 * nothing more.
250 	 */
251 	if ((!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MMU) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) &&
252 	    unlikely(addr >= VMALLOC_START && addr < VMALLOC_END)) {
253 		vmalloc_fault(regs, code, addr);
254 		return;
255 	}
256 
257 	/* Enable interrupts if they were enabled in the parent context. */
258 	if (!regs_irqs_disabled(regs))
259 		local_irq_enable();
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * If we're in an interrupt, have no user context, or are running
263 	 * in an atomic region, then we must not take the fault.
264 	 */
265 	if (unlikely(faulthandler_disabled() || !mm)) {
266 		tsk->thread.bad_cause = cause;
267 		no_context(regs, addr);
268 		return;
269 	}
270 
271 	if (user_mode(regs))
272 		flags |= FAULT_FLAG_USER;
273 
274 	if (!user_mode(regs) && addr < TASK_SIZE && unlikely(!(regs->status & SR_SUM))) {
275 		if (fixup_exception(regs))
276 			return;
277 
278 		die_kernel_fault("access to user memory without uaccess routines", addr, regs);
279 	}
280 
281 	perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS, 1, regs, addr);
282 
283 	if (cause == EXC_STORE_PAGE_FAULT)
284 		flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
285 	else if (cause == EXC_INST_PAGE_FAULT)
286 		flags |= FAULT_FLAG_INSTRUCTION;
287 	if (!(flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER))
288 		goto lock_mmap;
289 
290 	vma = lock_vma_under_rcu(mm, addr);
291 	if (!vma)
292 		goto lock_mmap;
293 
294 	if (unlikely(access_error(cause, vma))) {
295 		vma_end_read(vma);
296 		goto lock_mmap;
297 	}
298 
299 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, addr, flags | FAULT_FLAG_VMA_LOCK, regs);
300 	if (!(fault & (VM_FAULT_RETRY | VM_FAULT_COMPLETED)))
301 		vma_end_read(vma);
302 
303 	if (!(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
304 		count_vm_vma_lock_event(VMA_LOCK_SUCCESS);
305 		goto done;
306 	}
307 	count_vm_vma_lock_event(VMA_LOCK_RETRY);
308 
309 	if (fault_signal_pending(fault, regs)) {
310 		if (!user_mode(regs))
311 			no_context(regs, addr);
312 		return;
313 	}
314 lock_mmap:
315 
316 retry:
317 	vma = lock_mm_and_find_vma(mm, addr, regs);
318 	if (unlikely(!vma)) {
319 		tsk->thread.bad_cause = cause;
320 		bad_area_nosemaphore(regs, code, addr);
321 		return;
322 	}
323 
324 	/*
325 	 * Ok, we have a good vm_area for this memory access, so
326 	 * we can handle it.
327 	 */
328 	code = SEGV_ACCERR;
329 
330 	if (unlikely(access_error(cause, vma))) {
331 		tsk->thread.bad_cause = cause;
332 		bad_area(regs, mm, code, addr);
333 		return;
334 	}
335 
336 	/*
337 	 * If for any reason at all we could not handle the fault,
338 	 * make sure we exit gracefully rather than endlessly redo
339 	 * the fault.
340 	 */
341 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, addr, flags, regs);
342 
343 	/*
344 	 * If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending, handle the
345 	 * signal first. We do not need to release the mmap_lock because it
346 	 * would already be released in __lock_page_or_retry in mm/filemap.c.
347 	 */
348 	if (fault_signal_pending(fault, regs)) {
349 		if (!user_mode(regs))
350 			no_context(regs, addr);
351 		return;
352 	}
353 
354 	/* The fault is fully completed (including releasing mmap lock) */
355 	if (fault & VM_FAULT_COMPLETED)
356 		return;
357 
358 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
359 		flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
360 
361 		/*
362 		 * No need to mmap_read_unlock(mm) as we would
363 		 * have already released it in __lock_page_or_retry
364 		 * in mm/filemap.c.
365 		 */
366 		goto retry;
367 	}
368 
369 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
370 
371 done:
372 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
373 		tsk->thread.bad_cause = cause;
374 		mm_fault_error(regs, addr, fault);
375 		return;
376 	}
377 	return;
378 }
379