xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/powerpc/kernel/watchdog.c (revision 5d0e4d78)
1 /*
2  * Watchdog support on powerpc systems.
3  *
4  * Copyright 2017, IBM Corporation.
5  *
6  * This uses code from arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c and kernel/watchdog.c
7  */
8 #include <linux/kernel.h>
9 #include <linux/param.h>
10 #include <linux/init.h>
11 #include <linux/percpu.h>
12 #include <linux/cpu.h>
13 #include <linux/nmi.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/export.h>
16 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
17 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
18 #include <linux/reboot.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
21 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
22 #include <linux/delay.h>
23 #include <linux/smp.h>
24 
25 #include <asm/paca.h>
26 
27 /*
28  * The watchdog has a simple timer that runs on each CPU, once per timer
29  * period. This is the heartbeat.
30  *
31  * Then there are checks to see if the heartbeat has not triggered on a CPU
32  * for the panic timeout period. Currently the watchdog only supports an
33  * SMP check, so the heartbeat only turns on when we have 2 or more CPUs.
34  *
35  * This is not an NMI watchdog, but Linux uses that name for a generic
36  * watchdog in some cases, so NMI gets used in some places.
37  */
38 
39 static cpumask_t wd_cpus_enabled __read_mostly;
40 
41 static u64 wd_panic_timeout_tb __read_mostly; /* timebase ticks until panic */
42 static u64 wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb __read_mostly; /* panic other CPUs */
43 
44 static u64 wd_timer_period_ms __read_mostly;  /* interval between heartbeat */
45 
46 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct timer_list, wd_timer);
47 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, wd_timer_tb);
48 
49 /*
50  * These are for the SMP checker. CPUs clear their pending bit in their
51  * heartbeat. If the bitmask becomes empty, the time is noted and the
52  * bitmask is refilled.
53  *
54  * All CPUs clear their bit in the pending mask every timer period.
55  * Once all have cleared, the time is noted and the bits are reset.
56  * If the time since all clear was greater than the panic timeout,
57  * we can panic with the list of stuck CPUs.
58  *
59  * This will work best with NMI IPIs for crash code so the stuck CPUs
60  * can be pulled out to get their backtraces.
61  */
62 static unsigned long __wd_smp_lock;
63 static cpumask_t wd_smp_cpus_pending;
64 static cpumask_t wd_smp_cpus_stuck;
65 static u64 wd_smp_last_reset_tb;
66 
67 static inline void wd_smp_lock(unsigned long *flags)
68 {
69 	/*
70 	 * Avoid locking layers if possible.
71 	 * This may be called from low level interrupt handlers at some
72 	 * point in future.
73 	 */
74 	local_irq_save(*flags);
75 	while (unlikely(test_and_set_bit_lock(0, &__wd_smp_lock)))
76 		cpu_relax();
77 }
78 
79 static inline void wd_smp_unlock(unsigned long *flags)
80 {
81 	clear_bit_unlock(0, &__wd_smp_lock);
82 	local_irq_restore(*flags);
83 }
84 
85 static void wd_lockup_ipi(struct pt_regs *regs)
86 {
87 	pr_emerg("Watchdog CPU:%d Hard LOCKUP\n", raw_smp_processor_id());
88 	print_modules();
89 	print_irqtrace_events(current);
90 	if (regs)
91 		show_regs(regs);
92 	else
93 		dump_stack();
94 
95 	if (hardlockup_panic)
96 		nmi_panic(regs, "Hard LOCKUP");
97 }
98 
99 static void set_cpu_stuck(int cpu, u64 tb)
100 {
101 	cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck);
102 	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending);
103 	if (cpumask_empty(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)) {
104 		wd_smp_last_reset_tb = tb;
105 		cpumask_andnot(&wd_smp_cpus_pending,
106 				&wd_cpus_enabled,
107 				&wd_smp_cpus_stuck);
108 	}
109 }
110 
111 static void watchdog_smp_panic(int cpu, u64 tb)
112 {
113 	unsigned long flags;
114 	int c;
115 
116 	wd_smp_lock(&flags);
117 	/* Double check some things under lock */
118 	if ((s64)(tb - wd_smp_last_reset_tb) < (s64)wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb)
119 		goto out;
120 	if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending))
121 		goto out;
122 	if (cpumask_weight(&wd_smp_cpus_pending) == 0)
123 		goto out;
124 
125 	pr_emerg("Watchdog CPU:%d detected Hard LOCKUP other CPUS:%*pbl\n",
126 			cpu, cpumask_pr_args(&wd_smp_cpus_pending));
127 
128 	/*
129 	 * Try to trigger the stuck CPUs.
130 	 */
131 	for_each_cpu(c, &wd_smp_cpus_pending) {
132 		if (c == cpu)
133 			continue;
134 		smp_send_nmi_ipi(c, wd_lockup_ipi, 1000000);
135 	}
136 	smp_flush_nmi_ipi(1000000);
137 
138 	/* Take the stuck CPU out of the watch group */
139 	for_each_cpu(c, &wd_smp_cpus_pending)
140 		set_cpu_stuck(c, tb);
141 
142 out:
143 	wd_smp_unlock(&flags);
144 
145 	printk_safe_flush();
146 	/*
147 	 * printk_safe_flush() seems to require another print
148 	 * before anything actually goes out to console.
149 	 */
150 	if (sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace)
151 		trigger_allbutself_cpu_backtrace();
152 
153 	if (hardlockup_panic)
154 		nmi_panic(NULL, "Hard LOCKUP");
155 }
156 
157 static void wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(int cpu, u64 tb)
158 {
159 	if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending)) {
160 		if (unlikely(cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck))) {
161 			unsigned long flags;
162 
163 			pr_emerg("Watchdog CPU:%d became unstuck\n", cpu);
164 			wd_smp_lock(&flags);
165 			cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck);
166 			wd_smp_unlock(&flags);
167 		}
168 		return;
169 	}
170 	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending);
171 	if (cpumask_empty(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)) {
172 		unsigned long flags;
173 
174 		wd_smp_lock(&flags);
175 		if (cpumask_empty(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)) {
176 			wd_smp_last_reset_tb = tb;
177 			cpumask_andnot(&wd_smp_cpus_pending,
178 					&wd_cpus_enabled,
179 					&wd_smp_cpus_stuck);
180 		}
181 		wd_smp_unlock(&flags);
182 	}
183 }
184 
185 static void watchdog_timer_interrupt(int cpu)
186 {
187 	u64 tb = get_tb();
188 
189 	per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = tb;
190 
191 	wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(cpu, tb);
192 
193 	if ((s64)(tb - wd_smp_last_reset_tb) >= (s64)wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb)
194 		watchdog_smp_panic(cpu, tb);
195 }
196 
197 void soft_nmi_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
198 {
199 	unsigned long flags;
200 	int cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
201 	u64 tb;
202 
203 	if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled))
204 		return;
205 
206 	nmi_enter();
207 	tb = get_tb();
208 	if (tb - per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) >= wd_panic_timeout_tb) {
209 		per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = tb;
210 
211 		wd_smp_lock(&flags);
212 		if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck)) {
213 			wd_smp_unlock(&flags);
214 			goto out;
215 		}
216 		set_cpu_stuck(cpu, tb);
217 
218 		pr_emerg("Watchdog CPU:%d Hard LOCKUP\n", cpu);
219 		print_modules();
220 		print_irqtrace_events(current);
221 		if (regs)
222 			show_regs(regs);
223 		else
224 			dump_stack();
225 
226 		wd_smp_unlock(&flags);
227 
228 		if (sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace)
229 			trigger_allbutself_cpu_backtrace();
230 
231 		if (hardlockup_panic)
232 			nmi_panic(regs, "Hard LOCKUP");
233 	}
234 	if (wd_panic_timeout_tb < 0x7fffffff)
235 		mtspr(SPRN_DEC, wd_panic_timeout_tb);
236 
237 out:
238 	nmi_exit();
239 }
240 
241 static void wd_timer_reset(unsigned int cpu, struct timer_list *t)
242 {
243 	t->expires = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(wd_timer_period_ms);
244 	if (wd_timer_period_ms > 1000)
245 		t->expires = __round_jiffies_up(t->expires, cpu);
246 	add_timer_on(t, cpu);
247 }
248 
249 static void wd_timer_fn(unsigned long data)
250 {
251 	struct timer_list *t = this_cpu_ptr(&wd_timer);
252 	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
253 
254 	watchdog_timer_interrupt(cpu);
255 
256 	wd_timer_reset(cpu, t);
257 }
258 
259 void arch_touch_nmi_watchdog(void)
260 {
261 	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
262 
263 	watchdog_timer_interrupt(cpu);
264 }
265 EXPORT_SYMBOL(arch_touch_nmi_watchdog);
266 
267 static void start_watchdog_timer_on(unsigned int cpu)
268 {
269 	struct timer_list *t = per_cpu_ptr(&wd_timer, cpu);
270 
271 	per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = get_tb();
272 
273 	setup_pinned_timer(t, wd_timer_fn, 0);
274 	wd_timer_reset(cpu, t);
275 }
276 
277 static void stop_watchdog_timer_on(unsigned int cpu)
278 {
279 	struct timer_list *t = per_cpu_ptr(&wd_timer, cpu);
280 
281 	del_timer_sync(t);
282 }
283 
284 static int start_wd_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
285 {
286 	if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled)) {
287 		WARN_ON(1);
288 		return 0;
289 	}
290 
291 	if (!(watchdog_enabled & NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED))
292 		return 0;
293 
294 	if (watchdog_suspended)
295 		return 0;
296 
297 	if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &watchdog_cpumask))
298 		return 0;
299 
300 	cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled);
301 	if (cpumask_weight(&wd_cpus_enabled) == 1) {
302 		cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending);
303 		wd_smp_last_reset_tb = get_tb();
304 	}
305 	smp_wmb();
306 	start_watchdog_timer_on(cpu);
307 
308 	return 0;
309 }
310 
311 static int stop_wd_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
312 {
313 	if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled))
314 		return 0; /* Can happen in CPU unplug case */
315 
316 	stop_watchdog_timer_on(cpu);
317 
318 	cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled);
319 	wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(cpu, get_tb());
320 
321 	return 0;
322 }
323 
324 static void watchdog_calc_timeouts(void)
325 {
326 	wd_panic_timeout_tb = watchdog_thresh * ppc_tb_freq;
327 
328 	/* Have the SMP detector trigger a bit later */
329 	wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb = wd_panic_timeout_tb * 3 / 2;
330 
331 	/* 2/5 is the factor that the perf based detector uses */
332 	wd_timer_period_ms = watchdog_thresh * 1000 * 2 / 5;
333 }
334 
335 void watchdog_nmi_reconfigure(void)
336 {
337 	int cpu;
338 
339 	watchdog_calc_timeouts();
340 
341 	for_each_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled)
342 		stop_wd_on_cpu(cpu);
343 
344 	for_each_cpu_and(cpu, cpu_online_mask, &watchdog_cpumask)
345 		start_wd_on_cpu(cpu);
346 }
347 
348 /*
349  * This runs after lockup_detector_init() which sets up watchdog_cpumask.
350  */
351 static int __init powerpc_watchdog_init(void)
352 {
353 	int err;
354 
355 	watchdog_calc_timeouts();
356 
357 	err = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "powerpc/watchdog:online",
358 				start_wd_on_cpu, stop_wd_on_cpu);
359 	if (err < 0)
360 		pr_warn("Watchdog could not be initialized");
361 
362 	return 0;
363 }
364 arch_initcall(powerpc_watchdog_init);
365 
366 static void handle_backtrace_ipi(struct pt_regs *regs)
367 {
368 	nmi_cpu_backtrace(regs);
369 }
370 
371 static void raise_backtrace_ipi(cpumask_t *mask)
372 {
373 	unsigned int cpu;
374 
375 	for_each_cpu(cpu, mask) {
376 		if (cpu == smp_processor_id())
377 			handle_backtrace_ipi(NULL);
378 		else
379 			smp_send_nmi_ipi(cpu, handle_backtrace_ipi, 1000000);
380 	}
381 }
382 
383 void arch_trigger_cpumask_backtrace(const cpumask_t *mask, bool exclude_self)
384 {
385 	nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace(mask, exclude_self, raise_backtrace_ipi);
386 }
387