xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/parisc/mm/init.c (revision aac5987a)
1 /*
2  *  linux/arch/parisc/mm/init.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1995	Linus Torvalds
5  *  Copyright 1999 SuSE GmbH
6  *    changed by Philipp Rumpf
7  *  Copyright 1999 Philipp Rumpf (prumpf@tux.org)
8  *  Copyright 2004 Randolph Chung (tausq@debian.org)
9  *  Copyright 2006-2007 Helge Deller (deller@gmx.de)
10  *
11  */
12 
13 
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/mm.h>
16 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
17 #include <linux/memblock.h>
18 #include <linux/gfp.h>
19 #include <linux/delay.h>
20 #include <linux/init.h>
21 #include <linux/pci.h>		/* for hppa_dma_ops and pcxl_dma_ops */
22 #include <linux/initrd.h>
23 #include <linux/swap.h>
24 #include <linux/unistd.h>
25 #include <linux/nodemask.h>	/* for node_online_map */
26 #include <linux/pagemap.h>	/* for release_pages */
27 #include <linux/compat.h>
28 
29 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
30 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
31 #include <asm/tlb.h>
32 #include <asm/pdc_chassis.h>
33 #include <asm/mmzone.h>
34 #include <asm/sections.h>
35 #include <asm/msgbuf.h>
36 
37 extern int  data_start;
38 extern void parisc_kernel_start(void);	/* Kernel entry point in head.S */
39 
40 #if CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS == 3
41 /* NOTE: This layout exactly conforms to the hybrid L2/L3 page table layout
42  * with the first pmd adjacent to the pgd and below it. gcc doesn't actually
43  * guarantee that global objects will be laid out in memory in the same order
44  * as the order of declaration, so put these in different sections and use
45  * the linker script to order them. */
46 pmd_t pmd0[PTRS_PER_PMD] __attribute__ ((__section__ (".data..vm0.pmd"), aligned(PAGE_SIZE)));
47 #endif
48 
49 pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __attribute__ ((__section__ (".data..vm0.pgd"), aligned(PAGE_SIZE)));
50 pte_t pg0[PT_INITIAL * PTRS_PER_PTE] __attribute__ ((__section__ (".data..vm0.pte"), aligned(PAGE_SIZE)));
51 
52 #ifdef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
53 struct node_map_data node_data[MAX_NUMNODES] __read_mostly;
54 signed char pfnnid_map[PFNNID_MAP_MAX] __read_mostly;
55 #endif
56 
57 static struct resource data_resource = {
58 	.name	= "Kernel data",
59 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM,
60 };
61 
62 static struct resource code_resource = {
63 	.name	= "Kernel code",
64 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM,
65 };
66 
67 static struct resource pdcdata_resource = {
68 	.name	= "PDC data (Page Zero)",
69 	.start	= 0,
70 	.end	= 0x9ff,
71 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
72 };
73 
74 static struct resource sysram_resources[MAX_PHYSMEM_RANGES] __read_mostly;
75 
76 /* The following array is initialized from the firmware specific
77  * information retrieved in kernel/inventory.c.
78  */
79 
80 physmem_range_t pmem_ranges[MAX_PHYSMEM_RANGES] __read_mostly;
81 int npmem_ranges __read_mostly;
82 
83 /*
84  * get_memblock() allocates pages via memblock.
85  * We can't use memblock_find_in_range(0, KERNEL_INITIAL_SIZE) here since it
86  * doesn't allocate from bottom to top which is needed because we only created
87  * the initial mapping up to KERNEL_INITIAL_SIZE in the assembly bootup code.
88  */
89 static void * __init get_memblock(unsigned long size)
90 {
91 	static phys_addr_t search_addr __initdata;
92 	phys_addr_t phys;
93 
94 	if (!search_addr)
95 		search_addr = PAGE_ALIGN(__pa((unsigned long) &_end));
96 	search_addr = ALIGN(search_addr, size);
97 	while (!memblock_is_region_memory(search_addr, size) ||
98 		memblock_is_region_reserved(search_addr, size)) {
99 		search_addr += size;
100 	}
101 	phys = search_addr;
102 
103 	if (phys)
104 		memblock_reserve(phys, size);
105 	else
106 		panic("get_memblock() failed.\n");
107 
108 	memset(__va(phys), 0, size);
109 
110 	return __va(phys);
111 }
112 
113 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
114 #define MAX_MEM         (~0UL)
115 #else /* !CONFIG_64BIT */
116 #define MAX_MEM         (3584U*1024U*1024U)
117 #endif /* !CONFIG_64BIT */
118 
119 static unsigned long mem_limit __read_mostly = MAX_MEM;
120 
121 static void __init mem_limit_func(void)
122 {
123 	char *cp, *end;
124 	unsigned long limit;
125 
126 	/* We need this before __setup() functions are called */
127 
128 	limit = MAX_MEM;
129 	for (cp = boot_command_line; *cp; ) {
130 		if (memcmp(cp, "mem=", 4) == 0) {
131 			cp += 4;
132 			limit = memparse(cp, &end);
133 			if (end != cp)
134 				break;
135 			cp = end;
136 		} else {
137 			while (*cp != ' ' && *cp)
138 				++cp;
139 			while (*cp == ' ')
140 				++cp;
141 		}
142 	}
143 
144 	if (limit < mem_limit)
145 		mem_limit = limit;
146 }
147 
148 #define MAX_GAP (0x40000000UL >> PAGE_SHIFT)
149 
150 static void __init setup_bootmem(void)
151 {
152 	unsigned long mem_max;
153 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
154 	physmem_range_t pmem_holes[MAX_PHYSMEM_RANGES - 1];
155 	int npmem_holes;
156 #endif
157 	int i, sysram_resource_count;
158 
159 	disable_sr_hashing(); /* Turn off space register hashing */
160 
161 	/*
162 	 * Sort the ranges. Since the number of ranges is typically
163 	 * small, and performance is not an issue here, just do
164 	 * a simple insertion sort.
165 	 */
166 
167 	for (i = 1; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
168 		int j;
169 
170 		for (j = i; j > 0; j--) {
171 			unsigned long tmp;
172 
173 			if (pmem_ranges[j-1].start_pfn <
174 			    pmem_ranges[j].start_pfn) {
175 
176 				break;
177 			}
178 			tmp = pmem_ranges[j-1].start_pfn;
179 			pmem_ranges[j-1].start_pfn = pmem_ranges[j].start_pfn;
180 			pmem_ranges[j].start_pfn = tmp;
181 			tmp = pmem_ranges[j-1].pages;
182 			pmem_ranges[j-1].pages = pmem_ranges[j].pages;
183 			pmem_ranges[j].pages = tmp;
184 		}
185 	}
186 
187 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
188 	/*
189 	 * Throw out ranges that are too far apart (controlled by
190 	 * MAX_GAP).
191 	 */
192 
193 	for (i = 1; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
194 		if (pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn -
195 			(pmem_ranges[i-1].start_pfn +
196 			 pmem_ranges[i-1].pages) > MAX_GAP) {
197 			npmem_ranges = i;
198 			printk("Large gap in memory detected (%ld pages). "
199 			       "Consider turning on CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM\n",
200 			       pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn -
201 			       (pmem_ranges[i-1].start_pfn +
202 			        pmem_ranges[i-1].pages));
203 			break;
204 		}
205 	}
206 #endif
207 
208 	/* Print the memory ranges */
209 	pr_info("Memory Ranges:\n");
210 
211 	for (i = 0; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
212 		struct resource *res = &sysram_resources[i];
213 		unsigned long start;
214 		unsigned long size;
215 
216 		size = (pmem_ranges[i].pages << PAGE_SHIFT);
217 		start = (pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
218 		pr_info("%2d) Start 0x%016lx End 0x%016lx Size %6ld MB\n",
219 			i, start, start + (size - 1), size >> 20);
220 
221 		/* request memory resource */
222 		res->name = "System RAM";
223 		res->start = start;
224 		res->end = start + size - 1;
225 		res->flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
226 		request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
227 	}
228 
229 	sysram_resource_count = npmem_ranges;
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * For 32 bit kernels we limit the amount of memory we can
233 	 * support, in order to preserve enough kernel address space
234 	 * for other purposes. For 64 bit kernels we don't normally
235 	 * limit the memory, but this mechanism can be used to
236 	 * artificially limit the amount of memory (and it is written
237 	 * to work with multiple memory ranges).
238 	 */
239 
240 	mem_limit_func();       /* check for "mem=" argument */
241 
242 	mem_max = 0;
243 	for (i = 0; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
244 		unsigned long rsize;
245 
246 		rsize = pmem_ranges[i].pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
247 		if ((mem_max + rsize) > mem_limit) {
248 			printk(KERN_WARNING "Memory truncated to %ld MB\n", mem_limit >> 20);
249 			if (mem_max == mem_limit)
250 				npmem_ranges = i;
251 			else {
252 				pmem_ranges[i].pages =   (mem_limit >> PAGE_SHIFT)
253 						       - (mem_max >> PAGE_SHIFT);
254 				npmem_ranges = i + 1;
255 				mem_max = mem_limit;
256 			}
257 			break;
258 		}
259 		mem_max += rsize;
260 	}
261 
262 	printk(KERN_INFO "Total Memory: %ld MB\n",mem_max >> 20);
263 
264 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
265 	/* Merge the ranges, keeping track of the holes */
266 
267 	{
268 		unsigned long end_pfn;
269 		unsigned long hole_pages;
270 
271 		npmem_holes = 0;
272 		end_pfn = pmem_ranges[0].start_pfn + pmem_ranges[0].pages;
273 		for (i = 1; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
274 
275 			hole_pages = pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn - end_pfn;
276 			if (hole_pages) {
277 				pmem_holes[npmem_holes].start_pfn = end_pfn;
278 				pmem_holes[npmem_holes++].pages = hole_pages;
279 				end_pfn += hole_pages;
280 			}
281 			end_pfn += pmem_ranges[i].pages;
282 		}
283 
284 		pmem_ranges[0].pages = end_pfn - pmem_ranges[0].start_pfn;
285 		npmem_ranges = 1;
286 	}
287 #endif
288 
289 #ifdef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
290 	for (i = 0; i < MAX_PHYSMEM_RANGES; i++) {
291 		memset(NODE_DATA(i), 0, sizeof(pg_data_t));
292 	}
293 	memset(pfnnid_map, 0xff, sizeof(pfnnid_map));
294 
295 	for (i = 0; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
296 		node_set_state(i, N_NORMAL_MEMORY);
297 		node_set_online(i);
298 	}
299 #endif
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * Initialize and free the full range of memory in each range.
303 	 */
304 
305 	max_pfn = 0;
306 	for (i = 0; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
307 		unsigned long start_pfn;
308 		unsigned long npages;
309 		unsigned long start;
310 		unsigned long size;
311 
312 		start_pfn = pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn;
313 		npages = pmem_ranges[i].pages;
314 
315 		start = start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
316 		size = npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
317 
318 		/* add system RAM memblock */
319 		memblock_add(start, size);
320 
321 		if ((start_pfn + npages) > max_pfn)
322 			max_pfn = start_pfn + npages;
323 	}
324 
325 	/* IOMMU is always used to access "high mem" on those boxes
326 	 * that can support enough mem that a PCI device couldn't
327 	 * directly DMA to any physical addresses.
328 	 * ISA DMA support will need to revisit this.
329 	 */
330 	max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
331 
332 	/* reserve PAGE0 pdc memory, kernel text/data/bss & bootmap */
333 
334 #define PDC_CONSOLE_IO_IODC_SIZE 32768
335 
336 	memblock_reserve(0UL, (unsigned long)(PAGE0->mem_free +
337 				PDC_CONSOLE_IO_IODC_SIZE));
338 	memblock_reserve(__pa(KERNEL_BINARY_TEXT_START),
339 			(unsigned long)(_end - KERNEL_BINARY_TEXT_START));
340 
341 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
342 
343 	/* reserve the holes */
344 
345 	for (i = 0; i < npmem_holes; i++) {
346 		memblock_reserve((pmem_holes[i].start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT),
347 				(pmem_holes[i].pages << PAGE_SHIFT));
348 	}
349 #endif
350 
351 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
352 	if (initrd_start) {
353 		printk(KERN_INFO "initrd: %08lx-%08lx\n", initrd_start, initrd_end);
354 		if (__pa(initrd_start) < mem_max) {
355 			unsigned long initrd_reserve;
356 
357 			if (__pa(initrd_end) > mem_max) {
358 				initrd_reserve = mem_max - __pa(initrd_start);
359 			} else {
360 				initrd_reserve = initrd_end - initrd_start;
361 			}
362 			initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
363 			printk(KERN_INFO "initrd: reserving %08lx-%08lx (mem_max %08lx)\n", __pa(initrd_start), __pa(initrd_start) + initrd_reserve, mem_max);
364 
365 			memblock_reserve(__pa(initrd_start), initrd_reserve);
366 		}
367 	}
368 #endif
369 
370 	data_resource.start =  virt_to_phys(&data_start);
371 	data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_end) - 1;
372 	code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
373 	code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&data_start)-1;
374 
375 	/* We don't know which region the kernel will be in, so try
376 	 * all of them.
377 	 */
378 	for (i = 0; i < sysram_resource_count; i++) {
379 		struct resource *res = &sysram_resources[i];
380 		request_resource(res, &code_resource);
381 		request_resource(res, &data_resource);
382 	}
383 	request_resource(&sysram_resources[0], &pdcdata_resource);
384 }
385 
386 static int __init parisc_text_address(unsigned long vaddr)
387 {
388 	static unsigned long head_ptr __initdata;
389 
390 	if (!head_ptr)
391 		head_ptr = PAGE_MASK & (unsigned long)
392 			dereference_function_descriptor(&parisc_kernel_start);
393 
394 	return core_kernel_text(vaddr) || vaddr == head_ptr;
395 }
396 
397 static void __init map_pages(unsigned long start_vaddr,
398 			     unsigned long start_paddr, unsigned long size,
399 			     pgprot_t pgprot, int force)
400 {
401 	pgd_t *pg_dir;
402 	pmd_t *pmd;
403 	pte_t *pg_table;
404 	unsigned long end_paddr;
405 	unsigned long start_pmd;
406 	unsigned long start_pte;
407 	unsigned long tmp1;
408 	unsigned long tmp2;
409 	unsigned long address;
410 	unsigned long vaddr;
411 	unsigned long ro_start;
412 	unsigned long ro_end;
413 	unsigned long kernel_end;
414 
415 	ro_start = __pa((unsigned long)_text);
416 	ro_end   = __pa((unsigned long)&data_start);
417 	kernel_end  = __pa((unsigned long)&_end);
418 
419 	end_paddr = start_paddr + size;
420 
421 	pg_dir = pgd_offset_k(start_vaddr);
422 
423 #if PTRS_PER_PMD == 1
424 	start_pmd = 0;
425 #else
426 	start_pmd = ((start_vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PMD - 1));
427 #endif
428 	start_pte = ((start_vaddr >> PAGE_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PTE - 1));
429 
430 	address = start_paddr;
431 	vaddr = start_vaddr;
432 	while (address < end_paddr) {
433 #if PTRS_PER_PMD == 1
434 		pmd = (pmd_t *)__pa(pg_dir);
435 #else
436 		pmd = (pmd_t *)pgd_address(*pg_dir);
437 
438 		/*
439 		 * pmd is physical at this point
440 		 */
441 
442 		if (!pmd) {
443 			pmd = (pmd_t *) get_memblock(PAGE_SIZE << PMD_ORDER);
444 			pmd = (pmd_t *) __pa(pmd);
445 		}
446 
447 		pgd_populate(NULL, pg_dir, __va(pmd));
448 #endif
449 		pg_dir++;
450 
451 		/* now change pmd to kernel virtual addresses */
452 
453 		pmd = (pmd_t *)__va(pmd) + start_pmd;
454 		for (tmp1 = start_pmd; tmp1 < PTRS_PER_PMD; tmp1++, pmd++) {
455 
456 			/*
457 			 * pg_table is physical at this point
458 			 */
459 
460 			pg_table = (pte_t *)pmd_address(*pmd);
461 			if (!pg_table) {
462 				pg_table = (pte_t *) get_memblock(PAGE_SIZE);
463 				pg_table = (pte_t *) __pa(pg_table);
464 			}
465 
466 			pmd_populate_kernel(NULL, pmd, __va(pg_table));
467 
468 			/* now change pg_table to kernel virtual addresses */
469 
470 			pg_table = (pte_t *) __va(pg_table) + start_pte;
471 			for (tmp2 = start_pte; tmp2 < PTRS_PER_PTE; tmp2++, pg_table++) {
472 				pte_t pte;
473 
474 				if (force)
475 					pte =  __mk_pte(address, pgprot);
476 				else if (parisc_text_address(vaddr)) {
477 					pte = __mk_pte(address, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
478 					if (address >= ro_start && address < kernel_end)
479 						pte = pte_mkhuge(pte);
480 				}
481 				else
482 #if defined(CONFIG_PARISC_PAGE_SIZE_4KB)
483 				if (address >= ro_start && address < ro_end) {
484 					pte = __mk_pte(address, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
485 					pte = pte_mkhuge(pte);
486 				} else
487 #endif
488 				{
489 					pte = __mk_pte(address, pgprot);
490 					if (address >= ro_start && address < kernel_end)
491 						pte = pte_mkhuge(pte);
492 				}
493 
494 				if (address >= end_paddr) {
495 					if (force)
496 						break;
497 					else
498 						pte_val(pte) = 0;
499 				}
500 
501 				set_pte(pg_table, pte);
502 
503 				address += PAGE_SIZE;
504 				vaddr += PAGE_SIZE;
505 			}
506 			start_pte = 0;
507 
508 			if (address >= end_paddr)
509 			    break;
510 		}
511 		start_pmd = 0;
512 	}
513 }
514 
515 void free_initmem(void)
516 {
517 	unsigned long init_begin = (unsigned long)__init_begin;
518 	unsigned long init_end = (unsigned long)__init_end;
519 
520 	/* The init text pages are marked R-X.  We have to
521 	 * flush the icache and mark them RW-
522 	 *
523 	 * This is tricky, because map_pages is in the init section.
524 	 * Do a dummy remap of the data section first (the data
525 	 * section is already PAGE_KERNEL) to pull in the TLB entries
526 	 * for map_kernel */
527 	map_pages(init_begin, __pa(init_begin), init_end - init_begin,
528 		  PAGE_KERNEL_RWX, 1);
529 	/* now remap at PAGE_KERNEL since the TLB is pre-primed to execute
530 	 * map_pages */
531 	map_pages(init_begin, __pa(init_begin), init_end - init_begin,
532 		  PAGE_KERNEL, 1);
533 
534 	/* force the kernel to see the new TLB entries */
535 	__flush_tlb_range(0, init_begin, init_end);
536 
537 	/* finally dump all the instructions which were cached, since the
538 	 * pages are no-longer executable */
539 	flush_icache_range(init_begin, init_end);
540 
541 	free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM);
542 
543 	/* set up a new led state on systems shipped LED State panel */
544 	pdc_chassis_send_status(PDC_CHASSIS_DIRECT_BCOMPLETE);
545 }
546 
547 
548 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
549 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
550 {
551 	/* rodata memory was already mapped with KERNEL_RO access rights by
552            pagetable_init() and map_pages(). No need to do additional stuff here */
553 	printk (KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
554 		(unsigned long)(__end_rodata - __start_rodata) >> 10);
555 }
556 #endif
557 
558 
559 /*
560  * Just an arbitrary offset to serve as a "hole" between mapping areas
561  * (between top of physical memory and a potential pcxl dma mapping
562  * area, and below the vmalloc mapping area).
563  *
564  * The current 32K value just means that there will be a 32K "hole"
565  * between mapping areas. That means that  any out-of-bounds memory
566  * accesses will hopefully be caught. The vmalloc() routines leaves
567  * a hole of 4kB between each vmalloced area for the same reason.
568  */
569 
570  /* Leave room for gateway page expansion */
571 #if KERNEL_MAP_START < GATEWAY_PAGE_SIZE
572 #error KERNEL_MAP_START is in gateway reserved region
573 #endif
574 #define MAP_START (KERNEL_MAP_START)
575 
576 #define VM_MAP_OFFSET  (32*1024)
577 #define SET_MAP_OFFSET(x) ((void *)(((unsigned long)(x) + VM_MAP_OFFSET) \
578 				     & ~(VM_MAP_OFFSET-1)))
579 
580 void *parisc_vmalloc_start __read_mostly;
581 EXPORT_SYMBOL(parisc_vmalloc_start);
582 
583 #ifdef CONFIG_PA11
584 unsigned long pcxl_dma_start __read_mostly;
585 #endif
586 
587 void __init mem_init(void)
588 {
589 	/* Do sanity checks on IPC (compat) structures */
590 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct ipc64_perm) != 48);
591 #ifndef CONFIG_64BIT
592 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct semid64_ds) != 80);
593 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct msqid64_ds) != 104);
594 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct shmid64_ds) != 104);
595 #endif
596 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
597 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct compat_ipc64_perm) != sizeof(struct ipc64_perm));
598 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct compat_semid64_ds) != 80);
599 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct compat_msqid64_ds) != 104);
600 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct compat_shmid64_ds) != 104);
601 #endif
602 
603 	/* Do sanity checks on page table constants */
604 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PTE_ENTRY_SIZE != sizeof(pte_t));
605 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PMD_ENTRY_SIZE != sizeof(pmd_t));
606 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PGD_ENTRY_SIZE != sizeof(pgd_t));
607 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PAGE_SHIFT + BITS_PER_PTE + BITS_PER_PMD + BITS_PER_PGD
608 			> BITS_PER_LONG);
609 
610 	high_memory = __va((max_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT));
611 	set_max_mapnr(page_to_pfn(virt_to_page(high_memory - 1)) + 1);
612 	free_all_bootmem();
613 
614 #ifdef CONFIG_PA11
615 	if (hppa_dma_ops == &pcxl_dma_ops) {
616 		pcxl_dma_start = (unsigned long)SET_MAP_OFFSET(MAP_START);
617 		parisc_vmalloc_start = SET_MAP_OFFSET(pcxl_dma_start
618 						+ PCXL_DMA_MAP_SIZE);
619 	} else {
620 		pcxl_dma_start = 0;
621 		parisc_vmalloc_start = SET_MAP_OFFSET(MAP_START);
622 	}
623 #else
624 	parisc_vmalloc_start = SET_MAP_OFFSET(MAP_START);
625 #endif
626 
627 	mem_init_print_info(NULL);
628 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL /* double-sanity-check paranoia */
629 	printk("virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
630 	       "    vmalloc : 0x%p - 0x%p   (%4ld MB)\n"
631 	       "    memory  : 0x%p - 0x%p   (%4ld MB)\n"
632 	       "      .init : 0x%p - 0x%p   (%4ld kB)\n"
633 	       "      .data : 0x%p - 0x%p   (%4ld kB)\n"
634 	       "      .text : 0x%p - 0x%p   (%4ld kB)\n",
635 
636 	       (void*)VMALLOC_START, (void*)VMALLOC_END,
637 	       (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
638 
639 	       __va(0), high_memory,
640 	       ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
641 
642 	       __init_begin, __init_end,
643 	       ((unsigned long)__init_end - (unsigned long)__init_begin) >> 10,
644 
645 	       _etext, _edata,
646 	       ((unsigned long)_edata - (unsigned long)_etext) >> 10,
647 
648 	       _text, _etext,
649 	       ((unsigned long)_etext - (unsigned long)_text) >> 10);
650 #endif
651 }
652 
653 unsigned long *empty_zero_page __read_mostly;
654 EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
655 
656 /*
657  * pagetable_init() sets up the page tables
658  *
659  * Note that gateway_init() places the Linux gateway page at page 0.
660  * Since gateway pages cannot be dereferenced this has the desirable
661  * side effect of trapping those pesky NULL-reference errors in the
662  * kernel.
663  */
664 static void __init pagetable_init(void)
665 {
666 	int range;
667 
668 	/* Map each physical memory range to its kernel vaddr */
669 
670 	for (range = 0; range < npmem_ranges; range++) {
671 		unsigned long start_paddr;
672 		unsigned long end_paddr;
673 		unsigned long size;
674 
675 		start_paddr = pmem_ranges[range].start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
676 		size = pmem_ranges[range].pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
677 		end_paddr = start_paddr + size;
678 
679 		map_pages((unsigned long)__va(start_paddr), start_paddr,
680 			  size, PAGE_KERNEL, 0);
681 	}
682 
683 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
684 	if (initrd_end && initrd_end > mem_limit) {
685 		printk(KERN_INFO "initrd: mapping %08lx-%08lx\n", initrd_start, initrd_end);
686 		map_pages(initrd_start, __pa(initrd_start),
687 			  initrd_end - initrd_start, PAGE_KERNEL, 0);
688 	}
689 #endif
690 
691 	empty_zero_page = get_memblock(PAGE_SIZE);
692 }
693 
694 static void __init gateway_init(void)
695 {
696 	unsigned long linux_gateway_page_addr;
697 	/* FIXME: This is 'const' in order to trick the compiler
698 	   into not treating it as DP-relative data. */
699 	extern void * const linux_gateway_page;
700 
701 	linux_gateway_page_addr = LINUX_GATEWAY_ADDR & PAGE_MASK;
702 
703 	/*
704 	 * Setup Linux Gateway page.
705 	 *
706 	 * The Linux gateway page will reside in kernel space (on virtual
707 	 * page 0), so it doesn't need to be aliased into user space.
708 	 */
709 
710 	map_pages(linux_gateway_page_addr, __pa(&linux_gateway_page),
711 		  PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_GATEWAY, 1);
712 }
713 
714 void __init paging_init(void)
715 {
716 	int i;
717 
718 	setup_bootmem();
719 	pagetable_init();
720 	gateway_init();
721 	flush_cache_all_local(); /* start with known state */
722 	flush_tlb_all_local(NULL);
723 
724 	for (i = 0; i < npmem_ranges; i++) {
725 		unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = { 0, };
726 
727 		zones_size[ZONE_NORMAL] = pmem_ranges[i].pages;
728 
729 #ifdef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
730 		/* Need to initialize the pfnnid_map before we can initialize
731 		   the zone */
732 		{
733 		    int j;
734 		    for (j = (pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn >> PFNNID_SHIFT);
735 			 j <= ((pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn + pmem_ranges[i].pages) >> PFNNID_SHIFT);
736 			 j++) {
737 			pfnnid_map[j] = i;
738 		    }
739 		}
740 #endif
741 
742 		free_area_init_node(i, zones_size,
743 				pmem_ranges[i].start_pfn, NULL);
744 	}
745 }
746 
747 #ifdef CONFIG_PA20
748 
749 /*
750  * Currently, all PA20 chips have 18 bit protection IDs, which is the
751  * limiting factor (space ids are 32 bits).
752  */
753 
754 #define NR_SPACE_IDS 262144
755 
756 #else
757 
758 /*
759  * Currently we have a one-to-one relationship between space IDs and
760  * protection IDs. Older parisc chips (PCXS, PCXT, PCXL, PCXL2) only
761  * support 15 bit protection IDs, so that is the limiting factor.
762  * PCXT' has 18 bit protection IDs, but only 16 bit spaceids, so it's
763  * probably not worth the effort for a special case here.
764  */
765 
766 #define NR_SPACE_IDS 32768
767 
768 #endif  /* !CONFIG_PA20 */
769 
770 #define RECYCLE_THRESHOLD (NR_SPACE_IDS / 2)
771 #define SID_ARRAY_SIZE  (NR_SPACE_IDS / (8 * sizeof(long)))
772 
773 static unsigned long space_id[SID_ARRAY_SIZE] = { 1 }; /* disallow space 0 */
774 static unsigned long dirty_space_id[SID_ARRAY_SIZE];
775 static unsigned long space_id_index;
776 static unsigned long free_space_ids = NR_SPACE_IDS - 1;
777 static unsigned long dirty_space_ids = 0;
778 
779 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(sid_lock);
780 
781 unsigned long alloc_sid(void)
782 {
783 	unsigned long index;
784 
785 	spin_lock(&sid_lock);
786 
787 	if (free_space_ids == 0) {
788 		if (dirty_space_ids != 0) {
789 			spin_unlock(&sid_lock);
790 			flush_tlb_all(); /* flush_tlb_all() calls recycle_sids() */
791 			spin_lock(&sid_lock);
792 		}
793 		BUG_ON(free_space_ids == 0);
794 	}
795 
796 	free_space_ids--;
797 
798 	index = find_next_zero_bit(space_id, NR_SPACE_IDS, space_id_index);
799 	space_id[index >> SHIFT_PER_LONG] |= (1L << (index & (BITS_PER_LONG - 1)));
800 	space_id_index = index;
801 
802 	spin_unlock(&sid_lock);
803 
804 	return index << SPACEID_SHIFT;
805 }
806 
807 void free_sid(unsigned long spaceid)
808 {
809 	unsigned long index = spaceid >> SPACEID_SHIFT;
810 	unsigned long *dirty_space_offset;
811 
812 	dirty_space_offset = dirty_space_id + (index >> SHIFT_PER_LONG);
813 	index &= (BITS_PER_LONG - 1);
814 
815 	spin_lock(&sid_lock);
816 
817 	BUG_ON(*dirty_space_offset & (1L << index)); /* attempt to free space id twice */
818 
819 	*dirty_space_offset |= (1L << index);
820 	dirty_space_ids++;
821 
822 	spin_unlock(&sid_lock);
823 }
824 
825 
826 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
827 static void get_dirty_sids(unsigned long *ndirtyptr,unsigned long *dirty_array)
828 {
829 	int i;
830 
831 	/* NOTE: sid_lock must be held upon entry */
832 
833 	*ndirtyptr = dirty_space_ids;
834 	if (dirty_space_ids != 0) {
835 	    for (i = 0; i < SID_ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
836 		dirty_array[i] = dirty_space_id[i];
837 		dirty_space_id[i] = 0;
838 	    }
839 	    dirty_space_ids = 0;
840 	}
841 
842 	return;
843 }
844 
845 static void recycle_sids(unsigned long ndirty,unsigned long *dirty_array)
846 {
847 	int i;
848 
849 	/* NOTE: sid_lock must be held upon entry */
850 
851 	if (ndirty != 0) {
852 		for (i = 0; i < SID_ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
853 			space_id[i] ^= dirty_array[i];
854 		}
855 
856 		free_space_ids += ndirty;
857 		space_id_index = 0;
858 	}
859 }
860 
861 #else /* CONFIG_SMP */
862 
863 static void recycle_sids(void)
864 {
865 	int i;
866 
867 	/* NOTE: sid_lock must be held upon entry */
868 
869 	if (dirty_space_ids != 0) {
870 		for (i = 0; i < SID_ARRAY_SIZE; i++) {
871 			space_id[i] ^= dirty_space_id[i];
872 			dirty_space_id[i] = 0;
873 		}
874 
875 		free_space_ids += dirty_space_ids;
876 		dirty_space_ids = 0;
877 		space_id_index = 0;
878 	}
879 }
880 #endif
881 
882 /*
883  * flush_tlb_all() calls recycle_sids(), since whenever the entire tlb is
884  * purged, we can safely reuse the space ids that were released but
885  * not flushed from the tlb.
886  */
887 
888 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
889 
890 static unsigned long recycle_ndirty;
891 static unsigned long recycle_dirty_array[SID_ARRAY_SIZE];
892 static unsigned int recycle_inuse;
893 
894 void flush_tlb_all(void)
895 {
896 	int do_recycle;
897 
898 	__inc_irq_stat(irq_tlb_count);
899 	do_recycle = 0;
900 	spin_lock(&sid_lock);
901 	if (dirty_space_ids > RECYCLE_THRESHOLD) {
902 	    BUG_ON(recycle_inuse);  /* FIXME: Use a semaphore/wait queue here */
903 	    get_dirty_sids(&recycle_ndirty,recycle_dirty_array);
904 	    recycle_inuse++;
905 	    do_recycle++;
906 	}
907 	spin_unlock(&sid_lock);
908 	on_each_cpu(flush_tlb_all_local, NULL, 1);
909 	if (do_recycle) {
910 	    spin_lock(&sid_lock);
911 	    recycle_sids(recycle_ndirty,recycle_dirty_array);
912 	    recycle_inuse = 0;
913 	    spin_unlock(&sid_lock);
914 	}
915 }
916 #else
917 void flush_tlb_all(void)
918 {
919 	__inc_irq_stat(irq_tlb_count);
920 	spin_lock(&sid_lock);
921 	flush_tlb_all_local(NULL);
922 	recycle_sids();
923 	spin_unlock(&sid_lock);
924 }
925 #endif
926 
927 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
928 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
929 {
930 	free_reserved_area((void *)start, (void *)end, -1, "initrd");
931 }
932 #endif
933