mips/kernel/perf_event.c

/*
 * Linux performance counter support for MIPS.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010 MIPS Technologies, Inc.
 * Author: Deng-Cheng Zhu
 *
 * This code is based on the implementation for ARM, which is in turn
 * based on the sparc64 perf event code and the x86 code. Performance
 * counter access is based on the MIPS Oprofile code. And the callchain
 * support references the code of MIPS stacktrace.c.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 */

#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>

#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/irq_regs.h>
#include <asm/stacktrace.h>
#include <asm/time.h> /* For perf_irq */

/* These are for 32bit counters. For 64bit ones, define them accordingly. */
#define MAX_PERIOD	((1ULL << 32) - 1)
#define VALID_COUNT	0x7fffffff
#define TOTAL_BITS	32
#define HIGHEST_BIT	31

#define MIPS_MAX_HWEVENTS 4

struct cpu_hw_events {
	/* Array of events on this cpu. */
	struct perf_event	*events[MIPS_MAX_HWEVENTS];

	/*
	 * Set the bit (indexed by the counter number) when the counter
	 * is used for an event.
	 */
	unsigned long		used_mask[BITS_TO_LONGS(MIPS_MAX_HWEVENTS)];

	/*
	 * The borrowed MSB for the performance counter. A MIPS performance
	 * counter uses its bit 31 (for 32bit counters) or bit 63 (for 64bit
	 * counters) as a factor of determining whether a counter overflow
	 * should be signaled. So here we use a separate MSB for each
	 * counter to make things easy.
	 */
	unsigned long		msbs[BITS_TO_LONGS(MIPS_MAX_HWEVENTS)];

	/*
	 * Software copy of the control register for each performance counter.
	 * MIPS CPUs vary in performance counters. They use this differently,
	 * and even may not use it.
	 */
	unsigned int		saved_ctrl[MIPS_MAX_HWEVENTS];
};
DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_hw_events, cpu_hw_events) = {
	.saved_ctrl = {0},
};

/* The description of MIPS performance events. */
struct mips_perf_event {
	unsigned int event_id;
	/*
	 * MIPS performance counters are indexed starting from 0.
	 * CNTR_EVEN indicates the indexes of the counters to be used are
	 * even numbers.
	 */
	unsigned int cntr_mask;
	#define CNTR_EVEN	0x55555555
	#define CNTR_ODD	0xaaaaaaaa
#ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_MT_SMP
	enum {
		T  = 0,
		V  = 1,
		P  = 2,
	} range;
#else
	#define T
	#define V
	#define P
#endif
};

static struct mips_perf_event raw_event;
static DEFINE_MUTEX(raw_event_mutex);

#define UNSUPPORTED_PERF_EVENT_ID 0xffffffff
#define C(x) PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_##x

struct mips_pmu {
	const char	*name;
	int		irq;
	irqreturn_t	(*handle_irq)(int irq, void *dev);
	int		(*handle_shared_irq)(void);
	void		(*start)(void);
	void		(*stop)(void);
	int		(*alloc_counter)(struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc,
					struct hw_perf_event *hwc);
	u64		(*read_counter)(unsigned int idx);
	void		(*write_counter)(unsigned int idx, u64 val);
	void		(*enable_event)(struct hw_perf_event *evt, int idx);
	void		(*disable_event)(int idx);
	const struct mips_perf_event *(*map_raw_event)(u64 config);
	const struct mips_perf_event (*general_event_map)[PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX];
	const struct mips_perf_event (*cache_event_map)
				[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX]
				[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX]
				[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX];
	unsigned int	num_counters;
};

static const struct mips_pmu *mipspmu;

static int
mipspmu_event_set_period(struct perf_event *event,
			struct hw_perf_event *hwc,
			int idx)
{
	struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events);
	s64 left = local64_read(&hwc->period_left);
	s64 period = hwc->sample_period;
	int ret = 0;
	u64 uleft;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (unlikely(left <= -period)) {
		left = period;
		local64_set(&hwc->period_left, left);
		hwc->last_period = period;
		ret = 1;
	}

	if (unlikely(left <= 0)) {
		left += period;
		local64_set(&hwc->period_left, left);
		hwc->last_period = period;
		ret = 1;
	}

	if (left > (s64)MAX_PERIOD)
		left = MAX_PERIOD;

	local64_set(&hwc->prev_count, (u64)-left);

	local_irq_save(flags);
	uleft = (u64)(-left) & MAX_PERIOD;
	uleft > VALID_COUNT ?
		set_bit(idx, cpuc->msbs) : clear_bit(idx, cpuc->msbs);
	mipspmu->write_counter(idx, (u64)(-left) & VALID_COUNT);
	local_irq_restore(flags);

	perf_event_update_userpage(event);

	return ret;
}

static int mipspmu_enable(struct perf_event *event)
{
	struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events);
	struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
	int idx;
	int err = 0;

	/* To look for a free counter for this event. */
	idx = mipspmu->alloc_counter(cpuc, hwc);
	if (idx < 0) {
		err = idx;
		goto out;
	}

	/*
	 * If there is an event in the counter we are going to use then
	 * make sure it is disabled.
	 */
	event->hw.idx = idx;
	mipspmu->disable_event(idx);
	cpuc->events[idx] = event;

	/* Set the period for the event. */
	mipspmu_event_set_period(event, hwc, idx);

	/* Enable the event. */
	mipspmu->enable_event(hwc, idx);

	/* Propagate our changes to the userspace mapping. */
	perf_event_update_userpage(event);

out:
	return err;
}

static void mipspmu_event_update(struct perf_event *event,
			struct hw_perf_event *hwc,
			int idx)
{
	struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events);
	unsigned long flags;
	int shift = 64 - TOTAL_BITS;
	s64 prev_raw_count, new_raw_count;
	s64 delta;

again:
	prev_raw_count = local64_read(&hwc->prev_count);
	local_irq_save(flags);
	/* Make the counter value be a "real" one. */
	new_raw_count = mipspmu->read_counter(idx);
	if (new_raw_count & (test_bit(idx, cpuc->msbs) << HIGHEST_BIT)) {
		new_raw_count &= VALID_COUNT;
		clear_bit(idx, cpuc->msbs);
	} else
		new_raw_count |= (test_bit(idx, cpuc->msbs) << HIGHEST_BIT);
	local_irq_restore(flags);

	if (local64_cmpxchg(&hwc->prev_count, prev_raw_count,
				new_raw_count) != prev_raw_count)
		goto again;

	delta = (new_raw_count << shift) - (prev_raw_count << shift);
	delta >>= shift;

	local64_add(delta, &event->count);
	local64_sub(delta, &hwc->period_left);

	return;
}

static void mipspmu_disable(struct perf_event *event)
{
	struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events);
	struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
	int idx = hwc->idx;


	WARN_ON(idx < 0 || idx >= mipspmu->num_counters);

	/* We are working on a local event. */
	mipspmu->disable_event(idx);

	barrier();

	mipspmu_event_update(event, hwc, idx);
	cpuc->events[idx] = NULL;
	clear_bit(idx, cpuc->used_mask);

	perf_event_update_userpage(event);
}

static void mipspmu_unthrottle(struct perf_event *event)
{
	struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;

	mipspmu->enable_event(hwc, hwc->idx);
}

static void mipspmu_read(struct perf_event *event)
{
	struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;

	/* Don't read disabled counters! */
	if (hwc->idx < 0)
		return;

	mipspmu_event_update(event, hwc, hwc->idx);
}

static struct pmu pmu = {
	.enable		= mipspmu_enable,
	.disable	= mipspmu_disable,
	.unthrottle	= mipspmu_unthrottle,
	.read		= mipspmu_read,
};

static atomic_t active_events = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(pmu_reserve_mutex);
static int (*save_perf_irq)(void);

static int mipspmu_get_irq(void)
{
	int err;

	if (mipspmu->irq >= 0) {
		/* Request my own irq handler. */
		err = request_irq(mipspmu->irq, mipspmu->handle_irq,
			IRQF_DISABLED | IRQF_NOBALANCING,
			"mips_perf_pmu", NULL);
		if (err) {
			pr_warning("Unable to request IRQ%d for MIPS "
			   "performance counters!\n", mipspmu->irq);
		}
	} else if (cp0_perfcount_irq < 0) {
		/*
		 * We are sharing the irq number with the timer interrupt.
		 */
		save_perf_irq = perf_irq;
		perf_irq = mipspmu->handle_shared_irq;
		err = 0;
	} else {
		pr_warning("The platform hasn't properly defined its "
			"interrupt controller.\n");
		err = -ENOENT;
	}

	return err;
}

static void mipspmu_free_irq(void)
{
	if (mipspmu->irq >= 0)
		free_irq(mipspmu->irq, NULL);
	else if (cp0_perfcount_irq < 0)
		perf_irq = save_perf_irq;
}

static inline unsigned int
mipspmu_perf_event_encode(const struct mips_perf_event *pev)
{
/*
 * Top 8 bits for range, next 16 bits for cntr_mask, lowest 8 bits for
 * event_id.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_MT_SMP
	return ((unsigned int)pev->range << 24) |
		(pev->cntr_mask & 0xffff00) |
		(pev->event_id & 0xff);
#else
	return (pev->cntr_mask & 0xffff00) |
		(pev->event_id & 0xff);
#endif
}

static const struct mips_perf_event *
mipspmu_map_general_event(int idx)
{
	const struct mips_perf_event *pev;

	pev = ((*mipspmu->general_event_map)[idx].event_id ==
		UNSUPPORTED_PERF_EVENT_ID ? ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP) :
		&(*mipspmu->general_event_map)[idx]);

	return pev;
}

static const struct mips_perf_event *
mipspmu_map_cache_event(u64 config)
{
	unsigned int cache_type, cache_op, cache_result;
	const struct mips_perf_event *pev;

	cache_type = (config >> 0) & 0xff;
	if (cache_type >= PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX)
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	cache_op = (config >> 8) & 0xff;
	if (cache_op >= PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX)
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	cache_result = (config >> 16) & 0xff;
	if (cache_result >= PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX)
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

	pev = &((*mipspmu->cache_event_map)
					[cache_type]
					[cache_op]
					[cache_result]);

	if (pev->event_id == UNSUPPORTED_PERF_EVENT_ID)
		return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);

	return pev;

}

static int validate_event(struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc,
	       struct perf_event *event)
{
	struct hw_perf_event fake_hwc = event->hw;

	if (event->pmu && event->pmu != &pmu)
		return 0;

	return mipspmu->alloc_counter(cpuc, &fake_hwc) >= 0;
}

static int validate_group(struct perf_event *event)
{
	struct perf_event *sibling, *leader = event->group_leader;
	struct cpu_hw_events fake_cpuc;

	memset(&fake_cpuc, 0, sizeof(fake_cpuc));

	if (!validate_event(&fake_cpuc, leader))
		return -ENOSPC;

	list_for_each_entry(sibling, &leader->sibling_list, group_entry) {
		if (!validate_event(&fake_cpuc, sibling))
			return -ENOSPC;
	}

	if (!validate_event(&fake_cpuc, event))
		return -ENOSPC;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * mipsxx/rm9000/loongson2 have different performance counters, they have
 * specific low-level init routines.
 */
static void reset_counters(void *arg);
static int __hw_perf_event_init(struct perf_event *event);

static void hw_perf_event_destroy(struct perf_event *event)
{
	if (atomic_dec_and_mutex_lock(&active_events,
				&pmu_reserve_mutex)) {
		/*
		 * We must not call the destroy function with interrupts
		 * disabled.
		 */
		on_each_cpu(reset_counters,
			(void *)(long)mipspmu->num_counters, 1);
		mipspmu_free_irq();
		mutex_unlock(&pmu_reserve_mutex);
	}
}

const struct pmu *hw_perf_event_init(struct perf_event *event)
{
	int err = 0;

	if (!mipspmu || event->cpu >= nr_cpumask_bits ||
		(event->cpu >= 0 && !cpu_online(event->cpu)))
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);

	if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&active_events)) {
		if (atomic_read(&active_events) > MIPS_MAX_HWEVENTS) {
			atomic_dec(&active_events);
			return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
		}

		mutex_lock(&pmu_reserve_mutex);
		if (atomic_read(&active_events) == 0)
			err = mipspmu_get_irq();

		if (!err)
			atomic_inc(&active_events);
		mutex_unlock(&pmu_reserve_mutex);
	}

	if (err)
		return ERR_PTR(err);

	err = __hw_perf_event_init(event);
	if (err)
		hw_perf_event_destroy(event);

	return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : &pmu;
}

void hw_perf_enable(void)
{
	if (mipspmu)
		mipspmu->start();
}

void hw_perf_disable(void)
{
	if (mipspmu)
		mipspmu->stop();
}

/* This is needed by specific irq handlers in perf_event_*.c */
static void
handle_associated_event(struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc,
	int idx, struct perf_sample_data *data, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	struct perf_event *event = cpuc->events[idx];
	struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;

	mipspmu_event_update(event, hwc, idx);
	data->period = event->hw.last_period;
	if (!mipspmu_event_set_period(event, hwc, idx))
		return;

	if (perf_event_overflow(event, 0, data, regs))
		mipspmu->disable_event(idx);
}

#include "perf_event_mipsxx.c"

/* Callchain handling code. */
static inline void
callchain_store(struct perf_callchain_entry *entry,
		u64 ip)
{
	if (entry->nr < PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH)
		entry->ip[entry->nr++] = ip;
}

/*
 * Leave userspace callchain empty for now. When we find a way to trace
 * the user stack callchains, we add here.
 */
static void
perf_callchain_user(struct pt_regs *regs,
		    struct perf_callchain_entry *entry)
{
}

static void save_raw_perf_callchain(struct perf_callchain_entry *entry,
	unsigned long reg29)
{
	unsigned long *sp = (unsigned long *)reg29;
	unsigned long addr;

	while (!kstack_end(sp)) {
		addr = *sp++;
		if (__kernel_text_address(addr)) {
			callchain_store(entry, addr);
			if (entry->nr >= PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH)
				break;
		}
	}
}

static void
perf_callchain_kernel(struct pt_regs *regs,
		      struct perf_callchain_entry *entry)
{
	unsigned long sp = regs->regs[29];
#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
	unsigned long ra = regs->regs[31];
	unsigned long pc = regs->cp0_epc;

	callchain_store(entry, PERF_CONTEXT_KERNEL);
	if (raw_show_trace || !__kernel_text_address(pc)) {
		unsigned long stack_page =
			(unsigned long)task_stack_page(current);
		if (stack_page && sp >= stack_page &&
		    sp <= stack_page + THREAD_SIZE - 32)
			save_raw_perf_callchain(entry, sp);
		return;
	}
	do {
		callchain_store(entry, pc);
		if (entry->nr >= PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH)
			break;
		pc = unwind_stack(current, &sp, pc, &ra);
	} while (pc);
#else
	callchain_store(entry, PERF_CONTEXT_KERNEL);
	save_raw_perf_callchain(entry, sp);
#endif
}

static void
perf_do_callchain(struct pt_regs *regs,
		  struct perf_callchain_entry *entry)
{
	int is_user;

	if (!regs)
		return;

	is_user = user_mode(regs);

	if (!current || !current->pid)
		return;

	if (is_user && current->state != TASK_RUNNING)
		return;

	if (!is_user) {
		perf_callchain_kernel(regs, entry);
		if (current->mm)
			regs = task_pt_regs(current);
		else
			regs = NULL;
	}
	if (regs)
		perf_callchain_user(regs, entry);
}

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct perf_callchain_entry, pmc_irq_entry);

struct perf_callchain_entry *
perf_callchain(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	struct perf_callchain_entry *entry = &__get_cpu_var(pmc_irq_entry);

	entry->nr = 0;
	perf_do_callchain(regs, entry);
	return entry;
}