1 /* 2 * Based on arch/arm/mm/fault.c 3 * 4 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds 5 * Copyright (C) 1995-2004 Russell King 6 * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd. 7 * 8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as 10 * published by the Free Software Foundation. 11 * 12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 15 * GNU General Public License for more details. 16 * 17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 18 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. 19 */ 20 21 #include <linux/module.h> 22 #include <linux/signal.h> 23 #include <linux/mm.h> 24 #include <linux/hardirq.h> 25 #include <linux/init.h> 26 #include <linux/kprobes.h> 27 #include <linux/uaccess.h> 28 #include <linux/page-flags.h> 29 #include <linux/sched.h> 30 #include <linux/highmem.h> 31 #include <linux/perf_event.h> 32 33 #include <asm/exception.h> 34 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h> 35 #include <asm/system_misc.h> 36 #include <asm/pgtable.h> 37 #include <asm/tlbflush.h> 38 39 static const char *fault_name(unsigned int esr); 40 41 /* 42 * Dump out the page tables associated with 'addr' in mm 'mm'. 43 */ 44 void show_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr) 45 { 46 pgd_t *pgd; 47 48 if (!mm) 49 mm = &init_mm; 50 51 pr_alert("pgd = %p\n", mm->pgd); 52 pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr); 53 pr_alert("[%08lx] *pgd=%016llx", addr, pgd_val(*pgd)); 54 55 do { 56 pud_t *pud; 57 pmd_t *pmd; 58 pte_t *pte; 59 60 if (pgd_none(*pgd) || pgd_bad(*pgd)) 61 break; 62 63 pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr); 64 if (pud_none(*pud) || pud_bad(*pud)) 65 break; 66 67 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr); 68 printk(", *pmd=%016llx", pmd_val(*pmd)); 69 if (pmd_none(*pmd) || pmd_bad(*pmd)) 70 break; 71 72 pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, addr); 73 printk(", *pte=%016llx", pte_val(*pte)); 74 pte_unmap(pte); 75 } while(0); 76 77 printk("\n"); 78 } 79 80 /* 81 * The kernel tried to access some page that wasn't present. 82 */ 83 static void __do_kernel_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, 84 unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs) 85 { 86 /* 87 * Are we prepared to handle this kernel fault? 88 */ 89 if (fixup_exception(regs)) 90 return; 91 92 /* 93 * No handler, we'll have to terminate things with extreme prejudice. 94 */ 95 bust_spinlocks(1); 96 pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel %s at virtual address %08lx\n", 97 (addr < PAGE_SIZE) ? "NULL pointer dereference" : 98 "paging request", addr); 99 100 show_pte(mm, addr); 101 die("Oops", regs, esr); 102 bust_spinlocks(0); 103 do_exit(SIGKILL); 104 } 105 106 /* 107 * Something tried to access memory that isn't in our memory map. User mode 108 * accesses just cause a SIGSEGV 109 */ 110 static void __do_user_fault(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr, 111 unsigned int esr, unsigned int sig, int code, 112 struct pt_regs *regs) 113 { 114 struct siginfo si; 115 116 if (show_unhandled_signals && unhandled_signal(tsk, sig) && 117 printk_ratelimit()) { 118 pr_info("%s[%d]: unhandled %s (%d) at 0x%08lx, esr 0x%03x\n", 119 tsk->comm, task_pid_nr(tsk), fault_name(esr), sig, 120 addr, esr); 121 show_pte(tsk->mm, addr); 122 show_regs(regs); 123 } 124 125 tsk->thread.fault_address = addr; 126 si.si_signo = sig; 127 si.si_errno = 0; 128 si.si_code = code; 129 si.si_addr = (void __user *)addr; 130 force_sig_info(sig, &si, tsk); 131 } 132 133 void do_bad_area(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs) 134 { 135 struct task_struct *tsk = current; 136 struct mm_struct *mm = tsk->active_mm; 137 138 /* 139 * If we are in kernel mode at this point, we have no context to 140 * handle this fault with. 141 */ 142 if (user_mode(regs)) 143 __do_user_fault(tsk, addr, esr, SIGSEGV, SEGV_MAPERR, regs); 144 else 145 __do_kernel_fault(mm, addr, esr, regs); 146 } 147 148 #define VM_FAULT_BADMAP 0x010000 149 #define VM_FAULT_BADACCESS 0x020000 150 151 #define ESR_WRITE (1 << 6) 152 #define ESR_CM (1 << 8) 153 #define ESR_LNX_EXEC (1 << 24) 154 155 /* 156 * Check that the permissions on the VMA allow for the fault which occurred. 157 * If we encountered a write fault, we must have write permission, otherwise 158 * we allow any permission. 159 */ 160 static inline bool access_error(unsigned int esr, struct vm_area_struct *vma) 161 { 162 unsigned int mask = VM_READ | VM_WRITE | VM_EXEC; 163 164 if (esr & ESR_WRITE) 165 mask = VM_WRITE; 166 if (esr & ESR_LNX_EXEC) 167 mask = VM_EXEC; 168 169 return vma->vm_flags & mask ? false : true; 170 } 171 172 static int __do_page_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, 173 unsigned int esr, unsigned int flags, 174 struct task_struct *tsk) 175 { 176 struct vm_area_struct *vma; 177 int fault; 178 179 vma = find_vma(mm, addr); 180 fault = VM_FAULT_BADMAP; 181 if (unlikely(!vma)) 182 goto out; 183 if (unlikely(vma->vm_start > addr)) 184 goto check_stack; 185 186 /* 187 * Ok, we have a good vm_area for this memory access, so we can handle 188 * it. 189 */ 190 good_area: 191 if (access_error(esr, vma)) { 192 fault = VM_FAULT_BADACCESS; 193 goto out; 194 } 195 196 return handle_mm_fault(mm, vma, addr & PAGE_MASK, flags); 197 198 check_stack: 199 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN && !expand_stack(vma, addr)) 200 goto good_area; 201 out: 202 return fault; 203 } 204 205 static int __kprobes do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr, 206 struct pt_regs *regs) 207 { 208 struct task_struct *tsk; 209 struct mm_struct *mm; 210 int fault, sig, code; 211 bool write = (esr & ESR_WRITE) && !(esr & ESR_CM); 212 unsigned int flags = FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY | FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE | 213 (write ? FAULT_FLAG_WRITE : 0); 214 215 tsk = current; 216 mm = tsk->mm; 217 218 /* Enable interrupts if they were enabled in the parent context. */ 219 if (interrupts_enabled(regs)) 220 local_irq_enable(); 221 222 /* 223 * If we're in an interrupt or have no user context, we must not take 224 * the fault. 225 */ 226 if (in_atomic() || !mm) 227 goto no_context; 228 229 /* 230 * As per x86, we may deadlock here. However, since the kernel only 231 * validly references user space from well defined areas of the code, 232 * we can bug out early if this is from code which shouldn't. 233 */ 234 if (!down_read_trylock(&mm->mmap_sem)) { 235 if (!user_mode(regs) && !search_exception_tables(regs->pc)) 236 goto no_context; 237 retry: 238 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem); 239 } else { 240 /* 241 * The above down_read_trylock() might have succeeded in which 242 * case, we'll have missed the might_sleep() from down_read(). 243 */ 244 might_sleep(); 245 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM 246 if (!user_mode(regs) && !search_exception_tables(regs->pc)) 247 goto no_context; 248 #endif 249 } 250 251 fault = __do_page_fault(mm, addr, esr, flags, tsk); 252 253 /* 254 * If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending, handle the 255 * signal first. We do not need to release the mmap_sem because it 256 * would already be released in __lock_page_or_retry in mm/filemap.c. 257 */ 258 if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current)) 259 return 0; 260 261 /* 262 * Major/minor page fault accounting is only done on the initial 263 * attempt. If we go through a retry, it is extremely likely that the 264 * page will be found in page cache at that point. 265 */ 266 267 perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS, 1, regs, addr); 268 if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) { 269 if (fault & VM_FAULT_MAJOR) { 270 tsk->maj_flt++; 271 perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ, 1, regs, 272 addr); 273 } else { 274 tsk->min_flt++; 275 perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MIN, 1, regs, 276 addr); 277 } 278 if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) { 279 /* 280 * Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk of 281 * starvation. 282 */ 283 flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY; 284 goto retry; 285 } 286 } 287 288 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem); 289 290 /* 291 * Handle the "normal" case first - VM_FAULT_MAJOR / VM_FAULT_MINOR 292 */ 293 if (likely(!(fault & (VM_FAULT_ERROR | VM_FAULT_BADMAP | 294 VM_FAULT_BADACCESS)))) 295 return 0; 296 297 if (fault & VM_FAULT_OOM) { 298 /* 299 * We ran out of memory, call the OOM killer, and return to 300 * userspace (which will retry the fault, or kill us if we got 301 * oom-killed). 302 */ 303 pagefault_out_of_memory(); 304 return 0; 305 } 306 307 /* 308 * If we are in kernel mode at this point, we have no context to 309 * handle this fault with. 310 */ 311 if (!user_mode(regs)) 312 goto no_context; 313 314 if (fault & VM_FAULT_SIGBUS) { 315 /* 316 * We had some memory, but were unable to successfully fix up 317 * this page fault. 318 */ 319 sig = SIGBUS; 320 code = BUS_ADRERR; 321 } else { 322 /* 323 * Something tried to access memory that isn't in our memory 324 * map. 325 */ 326 sig = SIGSEGV; 327 code = fault == VM_FAULT_BADACCESS ? 328 SEGV_ACCERR : SEGV_MAPERR; 329 } 330 331 __do_user_fault(tsk, addr, esr, sig, code, regs); 332 return 0; 333 334 no_context: 335 __do_kernel_fault(mm, addr, esr, regs); 336 return 0; 337 } 338 339 /* 340 * First Level Translation Fault Handler 341 * 342 * We enter here because the first level page table doesn't contain a valid 343 * entry for the address. 344 * 345 * If the address is in kernel space (>= TASK_SIZE), then we are probably 346 * faulting in the vmalloc() area. 347 * 348 * If the init_task's first level page tables contains the relevant entry, we 349 * copy the it to this task. If not, we send the process a signal, fixup the 350 * exception, or oops the kernel. 351 * 352 * NOTE! We MUST NOT take any locks for this case. We may be in an interrupt 353 * or a critical region, and should only copy the information from the master 354 * page table, nothing more. 355 */ 356 static int __kprobes do_translation_fault(unsigned long addr, 357 unsigned int esr, 358 struct pt_regs *regs) 359 { 360 if (addr < TASK_SIZE) 361 return do_page_fault(addr, esr, regs); 362 363 do_bad_area(addr, esr, regs); 364 return 0; 365 } 366 367 /* 368 * Some section permission faults need to be handled gracefully. They can 369 * happen due to a __{get,put}_user during an oops. 370 */ 371 static int do_sect_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr, 372 struct pt_regs *regs) 373 { 374 do_bad_area(addr, esr, regs); 375 return 0; 376 } 377 378 /* 379 * This abort handler always returns "fault". 380 */ 381 static int do_bad(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs) 382 { 383 return 1; 384 } 385 386 static struct fault_info { 387 int (*fn)(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs); 388 int sig; 389 int code; 390 const char *name; 391 } fault_info[] = { 392 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "ttbr address size fault" }, 393 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "level 1 address size fault" }, 394 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "level 2 address size fault" }, 395 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "level 3 address size fault" }, 396 { do_translation_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_MAPERR, "input address range fault" }, 397 { do_translation_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_MAPERR, "level 1 translation fault" }, 398 { do_translation_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_MAPERR, "level 2 translation fault" }, 399 { do_page_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_MAPERR, "level 3 translation fault" }, 400 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "reserved access flag fault" }, 401 { do_bad, SIGSEGV, SEGV_ACCERR, "level 1 access flag fault" }, 402 { do_bad, SIGSEGV, SEGV_ACCERR, "level 2 access flag fault" }, 403 { do_page_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_ACCERR, "level 3 access flag fault" }, 404 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "reserved permission fault" }, 405 { do_bad, SIGSEGV, SEGV_ACCERR, "level 1 permission fault" }, 406 { do_sect_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_ACCERR, "level 2 permission fault" }, 407 { do_page_fault, SIGSEGV, SEGV_ACCERR, "level 3 permission fault" }, 408 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous external abort" }, 409 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "asynchronous external abort" }, 410 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 18" }, 411 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 19" }, 412 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous abort (translation table walk)" }, 413 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous abort (translation table walk)" }, 414 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous abort (translation table walk)" }, 415 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous abort (translation table walk)" }, 416 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous parity error" }, 417 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "asynchronous parity error" }, 418 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 26" }, 419 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 27" }, 420 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous parity error (translation table walk" }, 421 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous parity error (translation table walk" }, 422 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous parity error (translation table walk" }, 423 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "synchronous parity error (translation table walk" }, 424 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 32" }, 425 { do_bad, SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN, "alignment fault" }, 426 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "debug event" }, 427 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 35" }, 428 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 36" }, 429 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 37" }, 430 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 38" }, 431 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 39" }, 432 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 40" }, 433 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 41" }, 434 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 42" }, 435 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 43" }, 436 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 44" }, 437 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 45" }, 438 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 46" }, 439 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 47" }, 440 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 48" }, 441 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 49" }, 442 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 50" }, 443 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 51" }, 444 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "implementation fault (lockdown abort)" }, 445 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 53" }, 446 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 54" }, 447 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 55" }, 448 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 56" }, 449 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 57" }, 450 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "implementation fault (coprocessor abort)" }, 451 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 59" }, 452 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 60" }, 453 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 61" }, 454 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 62" }, 455 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 63" }, 456 }; 457 458 static const char *fault_name(unsigned int esr) 459 { 460 const struct fault_info *inf = fault_info + (esr & 63); 461 return inf->name; 462 } 463 464 /* 465 * Dispatch a data abort to the relevant handler. 466 */ 467 asmlinkage void __exception do_mem_abort(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr, 468 struct pt_regs *regs) 469 { 470 const struct fault_info *inf = fault_info + (esr & 63); 471 struct siginfo info; 472 473 if (!inf->fn(addr, esr, regs)) 474 return; 475 476 pr_alert("Unhandled fault: %s (0x%08x) at 0x%016lx\n", 477 inf->name, esr, addr); 478 479 info.si_signo = inf->sig; 480 info.si_errno = 0; 481 info.si_code = inf->code; 482 info.si_addr = (void __user *)addr; 483 arm64_notify_die("", regs, &info, esr); 484 } 485 486 /* 487 * Handle stack alignment exceptions. 488 */ 489 asmlinkage void __exception do_sp_pc_abort(unsigned long addr, 490 unsigned int esr, 491 struct pt_regs *regs) 492 { 493 struct siginfo info; 494 495 info.si_signo = SIGBUS; 496 info.si_errno = 0; 497 info.si_code = BUS_ADRALN; 498 info.si_addr = (void __user *)addr; 499 arm64_notify_die("", regs, &info, esr); 500 } 501 502 static struct fault_info debug_fault_info[] = { 503 { do_bad, SIGTRAP, TRAP_HWBKPT, "hardware breakpoint" }, 504 { do_bad, SIGTRAP, TRAP_HWBKPT, "hardware single-step" }, 505 { do_bad, SIGTRAP, TRAP_HWBKPT, "hardware watchpoint" }, 506 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 3" }, 507 { do_bad, SIGTRAP, TRAP_BRKPT, "aarch32 BKPT" }, 508 { do_bad, SIGTRAP, 0, "aarch32 vector catch" }, 509 { do_bad, SIGTRAP, TRAP_BRKPT, "aarch64 BRK" }, 510 { do_bad, SIGBUS, 0, "unknown 7" }, 511 }; 512 513 void __init hook_debug_fault_code(int nr, 514 int (*fn)(unsigned long, unsigned int, struct pt_regs *), 515 int sig, int code, const char *name) 516 { 517 BUG_ON(nr < 0 || nr >= ARRAY_SIZE(debug_fault_info)); 518 519 debug_fault_info[nr].fn = fn; 520 debug_fault_info[nr].sig = sig; 521 debug_fault_info[nr].code = code; 522 debug_fault_info[nr].name = name; 523 } 524 525 asmlinkage int __exception do_debug_exception(unsigned long addr, 526 unsigned int esr, 527 struct pt_regs *regs) 528 { 529 const struct fault_info *inf = debug_fault_info + DBG_ESR_EVT(esr); 530 struct siginfo info; 531 532 if (!inf->fn(addr, esr, regs)) 533 return 1; 534 535 pr_alert("Unhandled debug exception: %s (0x%08x) at 0x%016lx\n", 536 inf->name, esr, addr); 537 538 info.si_signo = inf->sig; 539 info.si_errno = 0; 540 info.si_code = inf->code; 541 info.si_addr = (void __user *)addr; 542 arm64_notify_die("", regs, &info, esr); 543 544 return 0; 545 } 546