xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c (revision ce6cc6f7)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Stand-alone page-table allocator for hyp stage-1 and guest stage-2.
4  * No bombay mix was harmed in the writing of this file.
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 2020 Google LLC
7  * Author: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/bitfield.h>
11 #include <asm/kvm_pgtable.h>
12 #include <asm/stage2_pgtable.h>
13 
14 
15 #define KVM_PTE_TYPE			BIT(1)
16 #define KVM_PTE_TYPE_BLOCK		0
17 #define KVM_PTE_TYPE_PAGE		1
18 #define KVM_PTE_TYPE_TABLE		1
19 
20 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO		GENMASK(11, 2)
21 
22 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_ATTRIDX	GENMASK(4, 2)
23 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP	GENMASK(7, 6)
24 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP_RO	3
25 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP_RW	1
26 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_SH	GENMASK(9, 8)
27 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_SH_IS	3
28 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AF	BIT(10)
29 
30 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_MEMATTR	GENMASK(5, 2)
31 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_R	BIT(6)
32 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_W	BIT(7)
33 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_SH	GENMASK(9, 8)
34 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_SH_IS	3
35 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_AF	BIT(10)
36 
37 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI		GENMASK(63, 51)
38 
39 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW		GENMASK(58, 55)
40 
41 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S1_XN	BIT(54)
42 
43 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S2_XN	BIT(54)
44 
45 #define KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_S2_PERMS	(KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_R | \
46 					 KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_W | \
47 					 KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S2_XN)
48 
49 #define KVM_INVALID_PTE_OWNER_MASK	GENMASK(9, 2)
50 #define KVM_MAX_OWNER_ID		1
51 
52 /*
53  * Used to indicate a pte for which a 'break-before-make' sequence is in
54  * progress.
55  */
56 #define KVM_INVALID_PTE_LOCKED		BIT(10)
57 
58 struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data {
59 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker	*walker;
60 
61 	u64				addr;
62 	u64				end;
63 };
64 
65 static bool kvm_phys_is_valid(u64 phys)
66 {
67 	return phys < BIT(id_aa64mmfr0_parange_to_phys_shift(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1_PARANGE_MAX));
68 }
69 
70 static bool kvm_block_mapping_supported(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx, u64 phys)
71 {
72 	u64 granule = kvm_granule_size(ctx->level);
73 
74 	if (!kvm_level_supports_block_mapping(ctx->level))
75 		return false;
76 
77 	if (granule > (ctx->end - ctx->addr))
78 		return false;
79 
80 	if (kvm_phys_is_valid(phys) && !IS_ALIGNED(phys, granule))
81 		return false;
82 
83 	return IS_ALIGNED(ctx->addr, granule);
84 }
85 
86 static u32 kvm_pgtable_idx(struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data, u32 level)
87 {
88 	u64 shift = kvm_granule_shift(level);
89 	u64 mask = BIT(PAGE_SHIFT - 3) - 1;
90 
91 	return (data->addr >> shift) & mask;
92 }
93 
94 static u32 kvm_pgd_page_idx(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr)
95 {
96 	u64 shift = kvm_granule_shift(pgt->start_level - 1); /* May underflow */
97 	u64 mask = BIT(pgt->ia_bits) - 1;
98 
99 	return (addr & mask) >> shift;
100 }
101 
102 static u32 kvm_pgd_pages(u32 ia_bits, u32 start_level)
103 {
104 	struct kvm_pgtable pgt = {
105 		.ia_bits	= ia_bits,
106 		.start_level	= start_level,
107 	};
108 
109 	return kvm_pgd_page_idx(&pgt, -1ULL) + 1;
110 }
111 
112 static bool kvm_pte_table(kvm_pte_t pte, u32 level)
113 {
114 	if (level == KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS - 1)
115 		return false;
116 
117 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(pte))
118 		return false;
119 
120 	return FIELD_GET(KVM_PTE_TYPE, pte) == KVM_PTE_TYPE_TABLE;
121 }
122 
123 static kvm_pte_t *kvm_pte_follow(kvm_pte_t pte, struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops)
124 {
125 	return mm_ops->phys_to_virt(kvm_pte_to_phys(pte));
126 }
127 
128 static void kvm_clear_pte(kvm_pte_t *ptep)
129 {
130 	WRITE_ONCE(*ptep, 0);
131 }
132 
133 static kvm_pte_t kvm_init_table_pte(kvm_pte_t *childp, struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops)
134 {
135 	kvm_pte_t pte = kvm_phys_to_pte(mm_ops->virt_to_phys(childp));
136 
137 	pte |= FIELD_PREP(KVM_PTE_TYPE, KVM_PTE_TYPE_TABLE);
138 	pte |= KVM_PTE_VALID;
139 	return pte;
140 }
141 
142 static kvm_pte_t kvm_init_valid_leaf_pte(u64 pa, kvm_pte_t attr, u32 level)
143 {
144 	kvm_pte_t pte = kvm_phys_to_pte(pa);
145 	u64 type = (level == KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS - 1) ? KVM_PTE_TYPE_PAGE :
146 							   KVM_PTE_TYPE_BLOCK;
147 
148 	pte |= attr & (KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO | KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI);
149 	pte |= FIELD_PREP(KVM_PTE_TYPE, type);
150 	pte |= KVM_PTE_VALID;
151 
152 	return pte;
153 }
154 
155 static kvm_pte_t kvm_init_invalid_leaf_owner(u8 owner_id)
156 {
157 	return FIELD_PREP(KVM_INVALID_PTE_OWNER_MASK, owner_id);
158 }
159 
160 static int kvm_pgtable_visitor_cb(struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data,
161 				  const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
162 				  enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
163 {
164 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker *walker = data->walker;
165 
166 	/* Ensure the appropriate lock is held (e.g. RCU lock for stage-2 MMU) */
167 	WARN_ON_ONCE(kvm_pgtable_walk_shared(ctx) && !kvm_pgtable_walk_lock_held());
168 	return walker->cb(ctx, visit);
169 }
170 
171 static int __kvm_pgtable_walk(struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data,
172 			      struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops, kvm_pteref_t pgtable, u32 level);
173 
174 static inline int __kvm_pgtable_visit(struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data,
175 				      struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops,
176 				      kvm_pteref_t pteref, u32 level)
177 {
178 	enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags flags = data->walker->flags;
179 	kvm_pte_t *ptep = kvm_dereference_pteref(data->walker, pteref);
180 	struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx ctx = {
181 		.ptep	= ptep,
182 		.old	= READ_ONCE(*ptep),
183 		.arg	= data->walker->arg,
184 		.mm_ops	= mm_ops,
185 		.addr	= data->addr,
186 		.end	= data->end,
187 		.level	= level,
188 		.flags	= flags,
189 	};
190 	int ret = 0;
191 	kvm_pteref_t childp;
192 	bool table = kvm_pte_table(ctx.old, level);
193 
194 	if (table && (ctx.flags & KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_PRE))
195 		ret = kvm_pgtable_visitor_cb(data, &ctx, KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_PRE);
196 
197 	if (!table && (ctx.flags & KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF)) {
198 		ret = kvm_pgtable_visitor_cb(data, &ctx, KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF);
199 		ctx.old = READ_ONCE(*ptep);
200 		table = kvm_pte_table(ctx.old, level);
201 	}
202 
203 	if (ret)
204 		goto out;
205 
206 	if (!table) {
207 		data->addr = ALIGN_DOWN(data->addr, kvm_granule_size(level));
208 		data->addr += kvm_granule_size(level);
209 		goto out;
210 	}
211 
212 	childp = (kvm_pteref_t)kvm_pte_follow(ctx.old, mm_ops);
213 	ret = __kvm_pgtable_walk(data, mm_ops, childp, level + 1);
214 	if (ret)
215 		goto out;
216 
217 	if (ctx.flags & KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST)
218 		ret = kvm_pgtable_visitor_cb(data, &ctx, KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST);
219 
220 out:
221 	return ret;
222 }
223 
224 static int __kvm_pgtable_walk(struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data,
225 			      struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops, kvm_pteref_t pgtable, u32 level)
226 {
227 	u32 idx;
228 	int ret = 0;
229 
230 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(level >= KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS))
231 		return -EINVAL;
232 
233 	for (idx = kvm_pgtable_idx(data, level); idx < PTRS_PER_PTE; ++idx) {
234 		kvm_pteref_t pteref = &pgtable[idx];
235 
236 		if (data->addr >= data->end)
237 			break;
238 
239 		ret = __kvm_pgtable_visit(data, mm_ops, pteref, level);
240 		if (ret)
241 			break;
242 	}
243 
244 	return ret;
245 }
246 
247 static int _kvm_pgtable_walk(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data *data)
248 {
249 	u32 idx;
250 	int ret = 0;
251 	u64 limit = BIT(pgt->ia_bits);
252 
253 	if (data->addr > limit || data->end > limit)
254 		return -ERANGE;
255 
256 	if (!pgt->pgd)
257 		return -EINVAL;
258 
259 	for (idx = kvm_pgd_page_idx(pgt, data->addr); data->addr < data->end; ++idx) {
260 		kvm_pteref_t pteref = &pgt->pgd[idx * PTRS_PER_PTE];
261 
262 		ret = __kvm_pgtable_walk(data, pgt->mm_ops, pteref, pgt->start_level);
263 		if (ret)
264 			break;
265 	}
266 
267 	return ret;
268 }
269 
270 int kvm_pgtable_walk(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size,
271 		     struct kvm_pgtable_walker *walker)
272 {
273 	struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data walk_data = {
274 		.addr	= ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE),
275 		.end	= PAGE_ALIGN(walk_data.addr + size),
276 		.walker	= walker,
277 	};
278 	int r;
279 
280 	r = kvm_pgtable_walk_begin(walker);
281 	if (r)
282 		return r;
283 
284 	r = _kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, &walk_data);
285 	kvm_pgtable_walk_end(walker);
286 
287 	return r;
288 }
289 
290 struct leaf_walk_data {
291 	kvm_pte_t	pte;
292 	u32		level;
293 };
294 
295 static int leaf_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
296 		       enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
297 {
298 	struct leaf_walk_data *data = ctx->arg;
299 
300 	data->pte   = ctx->old;
301 	data->level = ctx->level;
302 
303 	return 0;
304 }
305 
306 int kvm_pgtable_get_leaf(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr,
307 			 kvm_pte_t *ptep, u32 *level)
308 {
309 	struct leaf_walk_data data;
310 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
311 		.cb	= leaf_walker,
312 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF,
313 		.arg	= &data,
314 	};
315 	int ret;
316 
317 	ret = kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE),
318 			       PAGE_SIZE, &walker);
319 	if (!ret) {
320 		if (ptep)
321 			*ptep  = data.pte;
322 		if (level)
323 			*level = data.level;
324 	}
325 
326 	return ret;
327 }
328 
329 struct hyp_map_data {
330 	u64				phys;
331 	kvm_pte_t			attr;
332 };
333 
334 static int hyp_set_prot_attr(enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot, kvm_pte_t *ptep)
335 {
336 	bool device = prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_DEVICE;
337 	u32 mtype = device ? MT_DEVICE_nGnRE : MT_NORMAL;
338 	kvm_pte_t attr = FIELD_PREP(KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_ATTRIDX, mtype);
339 	u32 sh = KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_SH_IS;
340 	u32 ap = (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_W) ? KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP_RW :
341 					       KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP_RO;
342 
343 	if (!(prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_R))
344 		return -EINVAL;
345 
346 	if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_X) {
347 		if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_W)
348 			return -EINVAL;
349 
350 		if (device)
351 			return -EINVAL;
352 	} else {
353 		attr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S1_XN;
354 	}
355 
356 	attr |= FIELD_PREP(KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP, ap);
357 	attr |= FIELD_PREP(KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_SH, sh);
358 	attr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AF;
359 	attr |= prot & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW;
360 	*ptep = attr;
361 
362 	return 0;
363 }
364 
365 enum kvm_pgtable_prot kvm_pgtable_hyp_pte_prot(kvm_pte_t pte)
366 {
367 	enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot = pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW;
368 	u32 ap;
369 
370 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(pte))
371 		return prot;
372 
373 	if (!(pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S1_XN))
374 		prot |= KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_X;
375 
376 	ap = FIELD_GET(KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP, pte);
377 	if (ap == KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP_RO)
378 		prot |= KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_R;
379 	else if (ap == KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S1_AP_RW)
380 		prot |= KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_RW;
381 
382 	return prot;
383 }
384 
385 static bool hyp_map_walker_try_leaf(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
386 				    struct hyp_map_data *data)
387 {
388 	kvm_pte_t new;
389 	u64 granule = kvm_granule_size(ctx->level), phys = data->phys;
390 
391 	if (!kvm_block_mapping_supported(ctx, phys))
392 		return false;
393 
394 	data->phys += granule;
395 	new = kvm_init_valid_leaf_pte(phys, data->attr, ctx->level);
396 	if (ctx->old == new)
397 		return true;
398 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old))
399 		ctx->mm_ops->get_page(ctx->ptep);
400 	else if (WARN_ON((ctx->old ^ new) & ~KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW))
401 		return false;
402 
403 	smp_store_release(ctx->ptep, new);
404 	return true;
405 }
406 
407 static int hyp_map_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
408 			  enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
409 {
410 	kvm_pte_t *childp, new;
411 	struct hyp_map_data *data = ctx->arg;
412 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
413 
414 	if (hyp_map_walker_try_leaf(ctx, data))
415 		return 0;
416 
417 	if (WARN_ON(ctx->level == KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS - 1))
418 		return -EINVAL;
419 
420 	childp = (kvm_pte_t *)mm_ops->zalloc_page(NULL);
421 	if (!childp)
422 		return -ENOMEM;
423 
424 	new = kvm_init_table_pte(childp, mm_ops);
425 	mm_ops->get_page(ctx->ptep);
426 	smp_store_release(ctx->ptep, new);
427 
428 	return 0;
429 }
430 
431 int kvm_pgtable_hyp_map(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size, u64 phys,
432 			enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot)
433 {
434 	int ret;
435 	struct hyp_map_data map_data = {
436 		.phys	= ALIGN_DOWN(phys, PAGE_SIZE),
437 	};
438 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
439 		.cb	= hyp_map_walker,
440 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF,
441 		.arg	= &map_data,
442 	};
443 
444 	ret = hyp_set_prot_attr(prot, &map_data.attr);
445 	if (ret)
446 		return ret;
447 
448 	ret = kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
449 	dsb(ishst);
450 	isb();
451 	return ret;
452 }
453 
454 static int hyp_unmap_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
455 			    enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
456 {
457 	kvm_pte_t *childp = NULL;
458 	u64 granule = kvm_granule_size(ctx->level);
459 	u64 *unmapped = ctx->arg;
460 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
461 
462 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old))
463 		return -EINVAL;
464 
465 	if (kvm_pte_table(ctx->old, ctx->level)) {
466 		childp = kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops);
467 
468 		if (mm_ops->page_count(childp) != 1)
469 			return 0;
470 
471 		kvm_clear_pte(ctx->ptep);
472 		dsb(ishst);
473 		__tlbi_level(vae2is, __TLBI_VADDR(ctx->addr, 0), ctx->level);
474 	} else {
475 		if (ctx->end - ctx->addr < granule)
476 			return -EINVAL;
477 
478 		kvm_clear_pte(ctx->ptep);
479 		dsb(ishst);
480 		__tlbi_level(vale2is, __TLBI_VADDR(ctx->addr, 0), ctx->level);
481 		*unmapped += granule;
482 	}
483 
484 	dsb(ish);
485 	isb();
486 	mm_ops->put_page(ctx->ptep);
487 
488 	if (childp)
489 		mm_ops->put_page(childp);
490 
491 	return 0;
492 }
493 
494 u64 kvm_pgtable_hyp_unmap(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size)
495 {
496 	u64 unmapped = 0;
497 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
498 		.cb	= hyp_unmap_walker,
499 		.arg	= &unmapped,
500 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF | KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST,
501 	};
502 
503 	if (!pgt->mm_ops->page_count)
504 		return 0;
505 
506 	kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
507 	return unmapped;
508 }
509 
510 int kvm_pgtable_hyp_init(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u32 va_bits,
511 			 struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops)
512 {
513 	u64 levels = ARM64_HW_PGTABLE_LEVELS(va_bits);
514 
515 	pgt->pgd = (kvm_pteref_t)mm_ops->zalloc_page(NULL);
516 	if (!pgt->pgd)
517 		return -ENOMEM;
518 
519 	pgt->ia_bits		= va_bits;
520 	pgt->start_level	= KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS - levels;
521 	pgt->mm_ops		= mm_ops;
522 	pgt->mmu		= NULL;
523 	pgt->force_pte_cb	= NULL;
524 
525 	return 0;
526 }
527 
528 static int hyp_free_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
529 			   enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
530 {
531 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
532 
533 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old))
534 		return 0;
535 
536 	mm_ops->put_page(ctx->ptep);
537 
538 	if (kvm_pte_table(ctx->old, ctx->level))
539 		mm_ops->put_page(kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops));
540 
541 	return 0;
542 }
543 
544 void kvm_pgtable_hyp_destroy(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt)
545 {
546 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
547 		.cb	= hyp_free_walker,
548 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF | KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST,
549 	};
550 
551 	WARN_ON(kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, 0, BIT(pgt->ia_bits), &walker));
552 	pgt->mm_ops->put_page(kvm_dereference_pteref(&walker, pgt->pgd));
553 	pgt->pgd = NULL;
554 }
555 
556 struct stage2_map_data {
557 	u64				phys;
558 	kvm_pte_t			attr;
559 	u8				owner_id;
560 
561 	kvm_pte_t			*anchor;
562 	kvm_pte_t			*childp;
563 
564 	struct kvm_s2_mmu		*mmu;
565 	void				*memcache;
566 
567 	/* Force mappings to page granularity */
568 	bool				force_pte;
569 };
570 
571 u64 kvm_get_vtcr(u64 mmfr0, u64 mmfr1, u32 phys_shift)
572 {
573 	u64 vtcr = VTCR_EL2_FLAGS;
574 	u8 lvls;
575 
576 	vtcr |= kvm_get_parange(mmfr0) << VTCR_EL2_PS_SHIFT;
577 	vtcr |= VTCR_EL2_T0SZ(phys_shift);
578 	/*
579 	 * Use a minimum 2 level page table to prevent splitting
580 	 * host PMD huge pages at stage2.
581 	 */
582 	lvls = stage2_pgtable_levels(phys_shift);
583 	if (lvls < 2)
584 		lvls = 2;
585 	vtcr |= VTCR_EL2_LVLS_TO_SL0(lvls);
586 
587 	/*
588 	 * Enable the Hardware Access Flag management, unconditionally
589 	 * on all CPUs. The features is RES0 on CPUs without the support
590 	 * and must be ignored by the CPUs.
591 	 */
592 	vtcr |= VTCR_EL2_HA;
593 
594 	/* Set the vmid bits */
595 	vtcr |= (get_vmid_bits(mmfr1) == 16) ?
596 		VTCR_EL2_VS_16BIT :
597 		VTCR_EL2_VS_8BIT;
598 
599 	return vtcr;
600 }
601 
602 static bool stage2_has_fwb(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt)
603 {
604 	if (!cpus_have_const_cap(ARM64_HAS_STAGE2_FWB))
605 		return false;
606 
607 	return !(pgt->flags & KVM_PGTABLE_S2_NOFWB);
608 }
609 
610 #define KVM_S2_MEMATTR(pgt, attr) PAGE_S2_MEMATTR(attr, stage2_has_fwb(pgt))
611 
612 static int stage2_set_prot_attr(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot,
613 				kvm_pte_t *ptep)
614 {
615 	bool device = prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_DEVICE;
616 	kvm_pte_t attr = device ? KVM_S2_MEMATTR(pgt, DEVICE_nGnRE) :
617 			    KVM_S2_MEMATTR(pgt, NORMAL);
618 	u32 sh = KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_SH_IS;
619 
620 	if (!(prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_X))
621 		attr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S2_XN;
622 	else if (device)
623 		return -EINVAL;
624 
625 	if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_R)
626 		attr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_R;
627 
628 	if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_W)
629 		attr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_W;
630 
631 	attr |= FIELD_PREP(KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_SH, sh);
632 	attr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_AF;
633 	attr |= prot & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW;
634 	*ptep = attr;
635 
636 	return 0;
637 }
638 
639 enum kvm_pgtable_prot kvm_pgtable_stage2_pte_prot(kvm_pte_t pte)
640 {
641 	enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot = pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW;
642 
643 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(pte))
644 		return prot;
645 
646 	if (pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_R)
647 		prot |= KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_R;
648 	if (pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_W)
649 		prot |= KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_W;
650 	if (!(pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S2_XN))
651 		prot |= KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_X;
652 
653 	return prot;
654 }
655 
656 static bool stage2_pte_needs_update(kvm_pte_t old, kvm_pte_t new)
657 {
658 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(old) || !kvm_pte_valid(new))
659 		return true;
660 
661 	return ((old ^ new) & (~KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_S2_PERMS));
662 }
663 
664 static bool stage2_pte_is_counted(kvm_pte_t pte)
665 {
666 	/*
667 	 * The refcount tracks valid entries as well as invalid entries if they
668 	 * encode ownership of a page to another entity than the page-table
669 	 * owner, whose id is 0.
670 	 */
671 	return !!pte;
672 }
673 
674 static bool stage2_pte_is_locked(kvm_pte_t pte)
675 {
676 	return !kvm_pte_valid(pte) && (pte & KVM_INVALID_PTE_LOCKED);
677 }
678 
679 static bool stage2_try_set_pte(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx, kvm_pte_t new)
680 {
681 	if (!kvm_pgtable_walk_shared(ctx)) {
682 		WRITE_ONCE(*ctx->ptep, new);
683 		return true;
684 	}
685 
686 	return cmpxchg(ctx->ptep, ctx->old, new) == ctx->old;
687 }
688 
689 /**
690  * stage2_try_break_pte() - Invalidates a pte according to the
691  *			    'break-before-make' requirements of the
692  *			    architecture.
693  *
694  * @ctx: context of the visited pte.
695  * @mmu: stage-2 mmu
696  *
697  * Returns: true if the pte was successfully broken.
698  *
699  * If the removed pte was valid, performs the necessary serialization and TLB
700  * invalidation for the old value. For counted ptes, drops the reference count
701  * on the containing table page.
702  */
703 static bool stage2_try_break_pte(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
704 				 struct kvm_s2_mmu *mmu)
705 {
706 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
707 
708 	if (stage2_pte_is_locked(ctx->old)) {
709 		/*
710 		 * Should never occur if this walker has exclusive access to the
711 		 * page tables.
712 		 */
713 		WARN_ON(!kvm_pgtable_walk_shared(ctx));
714 		return false;
715 	}
716 
717 	if (!stage2_try_set_pte(ctx, KVM_INVALID_PTE_LOCKED))
718 		return false;
719 
720 	/*
721 	 * Perform the appropriate TLB invalidation based on the evicted pte
722 	 * value (if any).
723 	 */
724 	if (kvm_pte_table(ctx->old, ctx->level))
725 		kvm_call_hyp(__kvm_tlb_flush_vmid, mmu);
726 	else if (kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old))
727 		kvm_call_hyp(__kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa, mmu, ctx->addr, ctx->level);
728 
729 	if (stage2_pte_is_counted(ctx->old))
730 		mm_ops->put_page(ctx->ptep);
731 
732 	return true;
733 }
734 
735 static void stage2_make_pte(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx, kvm_pte_t new)
736 {
737 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
738 
739 	WARN_ON(!stage2_pte_is_locked(*ctx->ptep));
740 
741 	if (stage2_pte_is_counted(new))
742 		mm_ops->get_page(ctx->ptep);
743 
744 	smp_store_release(ctx->ptep, new);
745 }
746 
747 static void stage2_put_pte(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx, struct kvm_s2_mmu *mmu,
748 			   struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops)
749 {
750 	/*
751 	 * Clear the existing PTE, and perform break-before-make with
752 	 * TLB maintenance if it was valid.
753 	 */
754 	if (kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old)) {
755 		kvm_clear_pte(ctx->ptep);
756 		kvm_call_hyp(__kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa, mmu, ctx->addr, ctx->level);
757 	}
758 
759 	mm_ops->put_page(ctx->ptep);
760 }
761 
762 static bool stage2_pte_cacheable(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, kvm_pte_t pte)
763 {
764 	u64 memattr = pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_MEMATTR;
765 	return memattr == KVM_S2_MEMATTR(pgt, NORMAL);
766 }
767 
768 static bool stage2_pte_executable(kvm_pte_t pte)
769 {
770 	return !(pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S2_XN);
771 }
772 
773 static bool stage2_leaf_mapping_allowed(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
774 					struct stage2_map_data *data)
775 {
776 	if (data->force_pte && (ctx->level < (KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS - 1)))
777 		return false;
778 
779 	return kvm_block_mapping_supported(ctx, data->phys);
780 }
781 
782 static int stage2_map_walker_try_leaf(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
783 				      struct stage2_map_data *data)
784 {
785 	kvm_pte_t new;
786 	u64 granule = kvm_granule_size(ctx->level), phys = data->phys;
787 	struct kvm_pgtable *pgt = data->mmu->pgt;
788 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
789 
790 	if (!stage2_leaf_mapping_allowed(ctx, data))
791 		return -E2BIG;
792 
793 	if (kvm_phys_is_valid(phys))
794 		new = kvm_init_valid_leaf_pte(phys, data->attr, ctx->level);
795 	else
796 		new = kvm_init_invalid_leaf_owner(data->owner_id);
797 
798 	/*
799 	 * Skip updating the PTE if we are trying to recreate the exact
800 	 * same mapping or only change the access permissions. Instead,
801 	 * the vCPU will exit one more time from guest if still needed
802 	 * and then go through the path of relaxing permissions.
803 	 */
804 	if (!stage2_pte_needs_update(ctx->old, new))
805 		return -EAGAIN;
806 
807 	if (!stage2_try_break_pte(ctx, data->mmu))
808 		return -EAGAIN;
809 
810 	/* Perform CMOs before installation of the guest stage-2 PTE */
811 	if (mm_ops->dcache_clean_inval_poc && stage2_pte_cacheable(pgt, new))
812 		mm_ops->dcache_clean_inval_poc(kvm_pte_follow(new, mm_ops),
813 						granule);
814 
815 	if (mm_ops->icache_inval_pou && stage2_pte_executable(new))
816 		mm_ops->icache_inval_pou(kvm_pte_follow(new, mm_ops), granule);
817 
818 	stage2_make_pte(ctx, new);
819 
820 	if (kvm_phys_is_valid(phys))
821 		data->phys += granule;
822 	return 0;
823 }
824 
825 static int stage2_map_walk_table_pre(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
826 				     struct stage2_map_data *data)
827 {
828 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
829 	kvm_pte_t *childp = kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops);
830 	int ret;
831 
832 	if (!stage2_leaf_mapping_allowed(ctx, data))
833 		return 0;
834 
835 	ret = stage2_map_walker_try_leaf(ctx, data);
836 	if (ret)
837 		return ret;
838 
839 	mm_ops->free_removed_table(childp, ctx->level);
840 	return 0;
841 }
842 
843 static int stage2_map_walk_leaf(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
844 				struct stage2_map_data *data)
845 {
846 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
847 	kvm_pte_t *childp, new;
848 	int ret;
849 
850 	ret = stage2_map_walker_try_leaf(ctx, data);
851 	if (ret != -E2BIG)
852 		return ret;
853 
854 	if (WARN_ON(ctx->level == KVM_PGTABLE_MAX_LEVELS - 1))
855 		return -EINVAL;
856 
857 	if (!data->memcache)
858 		return -ENOMEM;
859 
860 	childp = mm_ops->zalloc_page(data->memcache);
861 	if (!childp)
862 		return -ENOMEM;
863 
864 	if (!stage2_try_break_pte(ctx, data->mmu)) {
865 		mm_ops->put_page(childp);
866 		return -EAGAIN;
867 	}
868 
869 	/*
870 	 * If we've run into an existing block mapping then replace it with
871 	 * a table. Accesses beyond 'end' that fall within the new table
872 	 * will be mapped lazily.
873 	 */
874 	new = kvm_init_table_pte(childp, mm_ops);
875 	stage2_make_pte(ctx, new);
876 
877 	return 0;
878 }
879 
880 /*
881  * The TABLE_PRE callback runs for table entries on the way down, looking
882  * for table entries which we could conceivably replace with a block entry
883  * for this mapping. If it finds one it replaces the entry and calls
884  * kvm_pgtable_mm_ops::free_removed_table() to tear down the detached table.
885  *
886  * Otherwise, the LEAF callback performs the mapping at the existing leaves
887  * instead.
888  */
889 static int stage2_map_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
890 			     enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
891 {
892 	struct stage2_map_data *data = ctx->arg;
893 
894 	switch (visit) {
895 	case KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_PRE:
896 		return stage2_map_walk_table_pre(ctx, data);
897 	case KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF:
898 		return stage2_map_walk_leaf(ctx, data);
899 	default:
900 		return -EINVAL;
901 	}
902 }
903 
904 int kvm_pgtable_stage2_map(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size,
905 			   u64 phys, enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot,
906 			   void *mc, enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags flags)
907 {
908 	int ret;
909 	struct stage2_map_data map_data = {
910 		.phys		= ALIGN_DOWN(phys, PAGE_SIZE),
911 		.mmu		= pgt->mmu,
912 		.memcache	= mc,
913 		.force_pte	= pgt->force_pte_cb && pgt->force_pte_cb(addr, addr + size, prot),
914 	};
915 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
916 		.cb		= stage2_map_walker,
917 		.flags		= flags |
918 				  KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_PRE |
919 				  KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF,
920 		.arg		= &map_data,
921 	};
922 
923 	if (WARN_ON((pgt->flags & KVM_PGTABLE_S2_IDMAP) && (addr != phys)))
924 		return -EINVAL;
925 
926 	ret = stage2_set_prot_attr(pgt, prot, &map_data.attr);
927 	if (ret)
928 		return ret;
929 
930 	ret = kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
931 	dsb(ishst);
932 	return ret;
933 }
934 
935 int kvm_pgtable_stage2_set_owner(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size,
936 				 void *mc, u8 owner_id)
937 {
938 	int ret;
939 	struct stage2_map_data map_data = {
940 		.phys		= KVM_PHYS_INVALID,
941 		.mmu		= pgt->mmu,
942 		.memcache	= mc,
943 		.owner_id	= owner_id,
944 		.force_pte	= true,
945 	};
946 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
947 		.cb		= stage2_map_walker,
948 		.flags		= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_PRE |
949 				  KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF,
950 		.arg		= &map_data,
951 	};
952 
953 	if (owner_id > KVM_MAX_OWNER_ID)
954 		return -EINVAL;
955 
956 	ret = kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
957 	return ret;
958 }
959 
960 static int stage2_unmap_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
961 			       enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
962 {
963 	struct kvm_pgtable *pgt = ctx->arg;
964 	struct kvm_s2_mmu *mmu = pgt->mmu;
965 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
966 	kvm_pte_t *childp = NULL;
967 	bool need_flush = false;
968 
969 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old)) {
970 		if (stage2_pte_is_counted(ctx->old)) {
971 			kvm_clear_pte(ctx->ptep);
972 			mm_ops->put_page(ctx->ptep);
973 		}
974 		return 0;
975 	}
976 
977 	if (kvm_pte_table(ctx->old, ctx->level)) {
978 		childp = kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops);
979 
980 		if (mm_ops->page_count(childp) != 1)
981 			return 0;
982 	} else if (stage2_pte_cacheable(pgt, ctx->old)) {
983 		need_flush = !stage2_has_fwb(pgt);
984 	}
985 
986 	/*
987 	 * This is similar to the map() path in that we unmap the entire
988 	 * block entry and rely on the remaining portions being faulted
989 	 * back lazily.
990 	 */
991 	stage2_put_pte(ctx, mmu, mm_ops);
992 
993 	if (need_flush && mm_ops->dcache_clean_inval_poc)
994 		mm_ops->dcache_clean_inval_poc(kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops),
995 					       kvm_granule_size(ctx->level));
996 
997 	if (childp)
998 		mm_ops->put_page(childp);
999 
1000 	return 0;
1001 }
1002 
1003 int kvm_pgtable_stage2_unmap(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size)
1004 {
1005 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
1006 		.cb	= stage2_unmap_walker,
1007 		.arg	= pgt,
1008 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF | KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST,
1009 	};
1010 
1011 	return kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
1012 }
1013 
1014 struct stage2_attr_data {
1015 	kvm_pte_t			attr_set;
1016 	kvm_pte_t			attr_clr;
1017 	kvm_pte_t			pte;
1018 	u32				level;
1019 };
1020 
1021 static int stage2_attr_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
1022 			      enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
1023 {
1024 	kvm_pte_t pte = ctx->old;
1025 	struct stage2_attr_data *data = ctx->arg;
1026 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
1027 
1028 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old))
1029 		return 0;
1030 
1031 	data->level = ctx->level;
1032 	data->pte = pte;
1033 	pte &= ~data->attr_clr;
1034 	pte |= data->attr_set;
1035 
1036 	/*
1037 	 * We may race with the CPU trying to set the access flag here,
1038 	 * but worst-case the access flag update gets lost and will be
1039 	 * set on the next access instead.
1040 	 */
1041 	if (data->pte != pte) {
1042 		/*
1043 		 * Invalidate instruction cache before updating the guest
1044 		 * stage-2 PTE if we are going to add executable permission.
1045 		 */
1046 		if (mm_ops->icache_inval_pou &&
1047 		    stage2_pte_executable(pte) && !stage2_pte_executable(ctx->old))
1048 			mm_ops->icache_inval_pou(kvm_pte_follow(pte, mm_ops),
1049 						  kvm_granule_size(ctx->level));
1050 
1051 		if (!stage2_try_set_pte(ctx, pte))
1052 			return -EAGAIN;
1053 	}
1054 
1055 	return 0;
1056 }
1057 
1058 static int stage2_update_leaf_attrs(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr,
1059 				    u64 size, kvm_pte_t attr_set,
1060 				    kvm_pte_t attr_clr, kvm_pte_t *orig_pte,
1061 				    u32 *level, enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags flags)
1062 {
1063 	int ret;
1064 	kvm_pte_t attr_mask = KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO | KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI;
1065 	struct stage2_attr_data data = {
1066 		.attr_set	= attr_set & attr_mask,
1067 		.attr_clr	= attr_clr & attr_mask,
1068 	};
1069 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
1070 		.cb		= stage2_attr_walker,
1071 		.arg		= &data,
1072 		.flags		= flags | KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF,
1073 	};
1074 
1075 	ret = kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
1076 	if (ret)
1077 		return ret;
1078 
1079 	if (orig_pte)
1080 		*orig_pte = data.pte;
1081 
1082 	if (level)
1083 		*level = data.level;
1084 	return 0;
1085 }
1086 
1087 int kvm_pgtable_stage2_wrprotect(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size)
1088 {
1089 	return stage2_update_leaf_attrs(pgt, addr, size, 0,
1090 					KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_W,
1091 					NULL, NULL, 0);
1092 }
1093 
1094 kvm_pte_t kvm_pgtable_stage2_mkyoung(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr)
1095 {
1096 	kvm_pte_t pte = 0;
1097 	stage2_update_leaf_attrs(pgt, addr, 1, KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_AF, 0,
1098 				 &pte, NULL, 0);
1099 	dsb(ishst);
1100 	return pte;
1101 }
1102 
1103 kvm_pte_t kvm_pgtable_stage2_mkold(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr)
1104 {
1105 	kvm_pte_t pte = 0;
1106 	stage2_update_leaf_attrs(pgt, addr, 1, 0, KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_AF,
1107 				 &pte, NULL, 0);
1108 	/*
1109 	 * "But where's the TLBI?!", you scream.
1110 	 * "Over in the core code", I sigh.
1111 	 *
1112 	 * See the '->clear_flush_young()' callback on the KVM mmu notifier.
1113 	 */
1114 	return pte;
1115 }
1116 
1117 bool kvm_pgtable_stage2_is_young(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr)
1118 {
1119 	kvm_pte_t pte = 0;
1120 	stage2_update_leaf_attrs(pgt, addr, 1, 0, 0, &pte, NULL, 0);
1121 	return pte & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_AF;
1122 }
1123 
1124 int kvm_pgtable_stage2_relax_perms(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr,
1125 				   enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot)
1126 {
1127 	int ret;
1128 	u32 level;
1129 	kvm_pte_t set = 0, clr = 0;
1130 
1131 	if (prot & KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_SW)
1132 		return -EINVAL;
1133 
1134 	if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_R)
1135 		set |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_R;
1136 
1137 	if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_W)
1138 		set |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_LO_S2_S2AP_W;
1139 
1140 	if (prot & KVM_PGTABLE_PROT_X)
1141 		clr |= KVM_PTE_LEAF_ATTR_HI_S2_XN;
1142 
1143 	ret = stage2_update_leaf_attrs(pgt, addr, 1, set, clr, NULL, &level,
1144 				       KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_SHARED);
1145 	if (!ret)
1146 		kvm_call_hyp(__kvm_tlb_flush_vmid_ipa, pgt->mmu, addr, level);
1147 	return ret;
1148 }
1149 
1150 static int stage2_flush_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
1151 			       enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
1152 {
1153 	struct kvm_pgtable *pgt = ctx->arg;
1154 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = pgt->mm_ops;
1155 
1156 	if (!kvm_pte_valid(ctx->old) || !stage2_pte_cacheable(pgt, ctx->old))
1157 		return 0;
1158 
1159 	if (mm_ops->dcache_clean_inval_poc)
1160 		mm_ops->dcache_clean_inval_poc(kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops),
1161 					       kvm_granule_size(ctx->level));
1162 	return 0;
1163 }
1164 
1165 int kvm_pgtable_stage2_flush(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size)
1166 {
1167 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
1168 		.cb	= stage2_flush_walker,
1169 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF,
1170 		.arg	= pgt,
1171 	};
1172 
1173 	if (stage2_has_fwb(pgt))
1174 		return 0;
1175 
1176 	return kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker);
1177 }
1178 
1179 
1180 int __kvm_pgtable_stage2_init(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, struct kvm_s2_mmu *mmu,
1181 			      struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops,
1182 			      enum kvm_pgtable_stage2_flags flags,
1183 			      kvm_pgtable_force_pte_cb_t force_pte_cb)
1184 {
1185 	size_t pgd_sz;
1186 	u64 vtcr = mmu->arch->vtcr;
1187 	u32 ia_bits = VTCR_EL2_IPA(vtcr);
1188 	u32 sl0 = FIELD_GET(VTCR_EL2_SL0_MASK, vtcr);
1189 	u32 start_level = VTCR_EL2_TGRAN_SL0_BASE - sl0;
1190 
1191 	pgd_sz = kvm_pgd_pages(ia_bits, start_level) * PAGE_SIZE;
1192 	pgt->pgd = (kvm_pteref_t)mm_ops->zalloc_pages_exact(pgd_sz);
1193 	if (!pgt->pgd)
1194 		return -ENOMEM;
1195 
1196 	pgt->ia_bits		= ia_bits;
1197 	pgt->start_level	= start_level;
1198 	pgt->mm_ops		= mm_ops;
1199 	pgt->mmu		= mmu;
1200 	pgt->flags		= flags;
1201 	pgt->force_pte_cb	= force_pte_cb;
1202 
1203 	/* Ensure zeroed PGD pages are visible to the hardware walker */
1204 	dsb(ishst);
1205 	return 0;
1206 }
1207 
1208 size_t kvm_pgtable_stage2_pgd_size(u64 vtcr)
1209 {
1210 	u32 ia_bits = VTCR_EL2_IPA(vtcr);
1211 	u32 sl0 = FIELD_GET(VTCR_EL2_SL0_MASK, vtcr);
1212 	u32 start_level = VTCR_EL2_TGRAN_SL0_BASE - sl0;
1213 
1214 	return kvm_pgd_pages(ia_bits, start_level) * PAGE_SIZE;
1215 }
1216 
1217 static int stage2_free_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
1218 			      enum kvm_pgtable_walk_flags visit)
1219 {
1220 	struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops = ctx->mm_ops;
1221 
1222 	if (!stage2_pte_is_counted(ctx->old))
1223 		return 0;
1224 
1225 	mm_ops->put_page(ctx->ptep);
1226 
1227 	if (kvm_pte_table(ctx->old, ctx->level))
1228 		mm_ops->put_page(kvm_pte_follow(ctx->old, mm_ops));
1229 
1230 	return 0;
1231 }
1232 
1233 void kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt)
1234 {
1235 	size_t pgd_sz;
1236 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
1237 		.cb	= stage2_free_walker,
1238 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF |
1239 			  KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST,
1240 	};
1241 
1242 	WARN_ON(kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, 0, BIT(pgt->ia_bits), &walker));
1243 	pgd_sz = kvm_pgd_pages(pgt->ia_bits, pgt->start_level) * PAGE_SIZE;
1244 	pgt->mm_ops->free_pages_exact(kvm_dereference_pteref(&walker, pgt->pgd), pgd_sz);
1245 	pgt->pgd = NULL;
1246 }
1247 
1248 void kvm_pgtable_stage2_free_removed(struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops, void *pgtable, u32 level)
1249 {
1250 	kvm_pteref_t ptep = (kvm_pteref_t)pgtable;
1251 	struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
1252 		.cb	= stage2_free_walker,
1253 		.flags	= KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF |
1254 			  KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST,
1255 	};
1256 	struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data data = {
1257 		.walker	= &walker,
1258 
1259 		/*
1260 		 * At this point the IPA really doesn't matter, as the page
1261 		 * table being traversed has already been removed from the stage
1262 		 * 2. Set an appropriate range to cover the entire page table.
1263 		 */
1264 		.addr	= 0,
1265 		.end	= kvm_granule_size(level),
1266 	};
1267 
1268 	WARN_ON(__kvm_pgtable_walk(&data, mm_ops, ptep, level + 1));
1269 }
1270