xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c (revision 1edd0337)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Debug and Guest Debug support
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2015 - Linaro Ltd
6  * Author: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
10 #include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
11 
12 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
13 #include <asm/kvm_asm.h>
14 #include <asm/kvm_arm.h>
15 #include <asm/kvm_emulate.h>
16 
17 #include "trace.h"
18 
19 /* These are the bits of MDSCR_EL1 we may manipulate */
20 #define MDSCR_EL1_DEBUG_MASK	(DBG_MDSCR_SS | \
21 				DBG_MDSCR_KDE | \
22 				DBG_MDSCR_MDE)
23 
24 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, mdcr_el2);
25 
26 /**
27  * save/restore_guest_debug_regs
28  *
29  * For some debug operations we need to tweak some guest registers. As
30  * a result we need to save the state of those registers before we
31  * make those modifications.
32  *
33  * Guest access to MDSCR_EL1 is trapped by the hypervisor and handled
34  * after we have restored the preserved value to the main context.
35  *
36  * When single-step is enabled by userspace, we tweak PSTATE.SS on every
37  * guest entry. Preserve PSTATE.SS so we can restore the original value
38  * for the vcpu after the single-step is disabled.
39  */
40 static void save_guest_debug_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
41 {
42 	u64 val = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
43 
44 	vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.mdscr_el1 = val;
45 
46 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("Saved MDSCR_EL1",
47 				vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.mdscr_el1);
48 
49 	vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.pstate_ss =
50 					(*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) & DBG_SPSR_SS);
51 }
52 
53 static void restore_guest_debug_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
54 {
55 	u64 val = vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.mdscr_el1;
56 
57 	vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, val, MDSCR_EL1);
58 
59 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("Restored MDSCR_EL1",
60 				vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1));
61 
62 	if (vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.pstate_ss)
63 		*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= DBG_SPSR_SS;
64 	else
65 		*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) &= ~DBG_SPSR_SS;
66 }
67 
68 /**
69  * kvm_arm_init_debug - grab what we need for debug
70  *
71  * Currently the sole task of this function is to retrieve the initial
72  * value of mdcr_el2 so we can preserve MDCR_EL2.HPMN which has
73  * presumably been set-up by some knowledgeable bootcode.
74  *
75  * It is called once per-cpu during CPU hyp initialisation.
76  */
77 
78 void kvm_arm_init_debug(void)
79 {
80 	__this_cpu_write(mdcr_el2, kvm_call_hyp_ret(__kvm_get_mdcr_el2));
81 }
82 
83 /**
84  * kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2 - configure vcpu mdcr_el2 value
85  *
86  * @vcpu:	the vcpu pointer
87  *
88  * This ensures we will trap access to:
89  *  - Performance monitors (MDCR_EL2_TPM/MDCR_EL2_TPMCR)
90  *  - Debug ROM Address (MDCR_EL2_TDRA)
91  *  - OS related registers (MDCR_EL2_TDOSA)
92  *  - Statistical profiler (MDCR_EL2_TPMS/MDCR_EL2_E2PB)
93  *  - Self-hosted Trace Filter controls (MDCR_EL2_TTRF)
94  *  - Self-hosted Trace (MDCR_EL2_TTRF/MDCR_EL2_E2TB)
95  */
96 static void kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
97 {
98 	/*
99 	 * This also clears MDCR_EL2_E2PB_MASK and MDCR_EL2_E2TB_MASK
100 	 * to disable guest access to the profiling and trace buffers
101 	 */
102 	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 = __this_cpu_read(mdcr_el2) & MDCR_EL2_HPMN_MASK;
103 	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= (MDCR_EL2_TPM |
104 				MDCR_EL2_TPMS |
105 				MDCR_EL2_TTRF |
106 				MDCR_EL2_TPMCR |
107 				MDCR_EL2_TDRA |
108 				MDCR_EL2_TDOSA);
109 
110 	/* Is the VM being debugged by userspace? */
111 	if (vcpu->guest_debug)
112 		/* Route all software debug exceptions to EL2 */
113 		vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= MDCR_EL2_TDE;
114 
115 	/*
116 	 * Trap debug register access when one of the following is true:
117 	 *  - Userspace is using the hardware to debug the guest
118 	 *  (KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW is set).
119 	 *  - The guest is not using debug (DEBUG_DIRTY clear).
120 	 *  - The guest has enabled the OS Lock (debug exceptions are blocked).
121 	 */
122 	if ((vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW) ||
123 	    !vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_DIRTY) ||
124 	    kvm_vcpu_os_lock_enabled(vcpu))
125 		vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= MDCR_EL2_TDA;
126 
127 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("MDCR_EL2", vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2);
128 }
129 
130 /**
131  * kvm_arm_vcpu_init_debug - setup vcpu debug traps
132  *
133  * @vcpu:	the vcpu pointer
134  *
135  * Set vcpu initial mdcr_el2 value.
136  */
137 void kvm_arm_vcpu_init_debug(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
138 {
139 	preempt_disable();
140 	kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(vcpu);
141 	preempt_enable();
142 }
143 
144 /**
145  * kvm_arm_reset_debug_ptr - reset the debug ptr to point to the vcpu state
146  */
147 
148 void kvm_arm_reset_debug_ptr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
149 {
150 	vcpu->arch.debug_ptr = &vcpu->arch.vcpu_debug_state;
151 }
152 
153 /**
154  * kvm_arm_setup_debug - set up debug related stuff
155  *
156  * @vcpu:	the vcpu pointer
157  *
158  * This is called before each entry into the hypervisor to setup any
159  * debug related registers.
160  *
161  * Additionally, KVM only traps guest accesses to the debug registers if
162  * the guest is not actively using them (see the DEBUG_DIRTY
163  * flag on vcpu->arch.iflags).  Since the guest must not interfere
164  * with the hardware state when debugging the guest, we must ensure that
165  * trapping is enabled whenever we are debugging the guest using the
166  * debug registers.
167  */
168 
169 void kvm_arm_setup_debug(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
170 {
171 	unsigned long mdscr, orig_mdcr_el2 = vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2;
172 
173 	trace_kvm_arm_setup_debug(vcpu, vcpu->guest_debug);
174 
175 	kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(vcpu);
176 
177 	/* Check if we need to use the debug registers. */
178 	if (vcpu->guest_debug || kvm_vcpu_os_lock_enabled(vcpu)) {
179 		/* Save guest debug state */
180 		save_guest_debug_regs(vcpu);
181 
182 		/*
183 		 * Single Step (ARM ARM D2.12.3 The software step state
184 		 * machine)
185 		 *
186 		 * If we are doing Single Step we need to manipulate
187 		 * the guest's MDSCR_EL1.SS and PSTATE.SS. Once the
188 		 * step has occurred the hypervisor will trap the
189 		 * debug exception and we return to userspace.
190 		 *
191 		 * If the guest attempts to single step its userspace
192 		 * we would have to deal with a trapped exception
193 		 * while in the guest kernel. Because this would be
194 		 * hard to unwind we suppress the guest's ability to
195 		 * do so by masking MDSCR_EL.SS.
196 		 *
197 		 * This confuses guest debuggers which use
198 		 * single-step behind the scenes but everything
199 		 * returns to normal once the host is no longer
200 		 * debugging the system.
201 		 */
202 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP) {
203 			/*
204 			 * If the software step state at the last guest exit
205 			 * was Active-pending, we don't set DBG_SPSR_SS so
206 			 * that the state is maintained (to not run another
207 			 * single-step until the pending Software Step
208 			 * exception is taken).
209 			 */
210 			if (!vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, DBG_SS_ACTIVE_PENDING))
211 				*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |= DBG_SPSR_SS;
212 			else
213 				*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) &= ~DBG_SPSR_SS;
214 
215 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
216 			mdscr |= DBG_MDSCR_SS;
217 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
218 		} else {
219 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
220 			mdscr &= ~DBG_MDSCR_SS;
221 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
222 		}
223 
224 		trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("SPSR_EL2", *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu));
225 
226 		/*
227 		 * HW Breakpoints and watchpoints
228 		 *
229 		 * We simply switch the debug_ptr to point to our new
230 		 * external_debug_state which has been populated by the
231 		 * debug ioctl. The existing DEBUG_DIRTY mechanism ensures
232 		 * the registers are updated on the world switch.
233 		 */
234 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW) {
235 			/* Enable breakpoints/watchpoints */
236 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
237 			mdscr |= DBG_MDSCR_MDE;
238 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
239 
240 			vcpu->arch.debug_ptr = &vcpu->arch.external_debug_state;
241 			vcpu_set_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_DIRTY);
242 
243 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("BKPTS", get_num_brps(),
244 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bcr[0],
245 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bvr[0]);
246 
247 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("WAPTS", get_num_wrps(),
248 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wcr[0],
249 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wvr[0]);
250 
251 		/*
252 		 * The OS Lock blocks debug exceptions in all ELs when it is
253 		 * enabled. If the guest has enabled the OS Lock, constrain its
254 		 * effects to the guest. Emulate the behavior by clearing
255 		 * MDSCR_EL1.MDE. In so doing, we ensure that host debug
256 		 * exceptions are unaffected by guest configuration of the OS
257 		 * Lock.
258 		 */
259 		} else if (kvm_vcpu_os_lock_enabled(vcpu)) {
260 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
261 			mdscr &= ~DBG_MDSCR_MDE;
262 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
263 		}
264 	}
265 
266 	BUG_ON(!vcpu->guest_debug &&
267 		vcpu->arch.debug_ptr != &vcpu->arch.vcpu_debug_state);
268 
269 	/* If KDE or MDE are set, perform a full save/restore cycle. */
270 	if (vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1) & (DBG_MDSCR_KDE | DBG_MDSCR_MDE))
271 		vcpu_set_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_DIRTY);
272 
273 	/* Write mdcr_el2 changes since vcpu_load on VHE systems */
274 	if (has_vhe() && orig_mdcr_el2 != vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2)
275 		write_sysreg(vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2, mdcr_el2);
276 
277 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("MDSCR_EL1", vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1));
278 }
279 
280 void kvm_arm_clear_debug(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
281 {
282 	trace_kvm_arm_clear_debug(vcpu->guest_debug);
283 
284 	/*
285 	 * Restore the guest's debug registers if we were using them.
286 	 */
287 	if (vcpu->guest_debug || kvm_vcpu_os_lock_enabled(vcpu)) {
288 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP) {
289 			if (!(*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) & DBG_SPSR_SS))
290 				/*
291 				 * Mark the vcpu as ACTIVE_PENDING
292 				 * until Software Step exception is taken.
293 				 */
294 				vcpu_set_flag(vcpu, DBG_SS_ACTIVE_PENDING);
295 		}
296 
297 		restore_guest_debug_regs(vcpu);
298 
299 		/*
300 		 * If we were using HW debug we need to restore the
301 		 * debug_ptr to the guest debug state.
302 		 */
303 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW) {
304 			kvm_arm_reset_debug_ptr(vcpu);
305 
306 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("BKPTS", get_num_brps(),
307 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bcr[0],
308 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bvr[0]);
309 
310 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("WAPTS", get_num_wrps(),
311 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wcr[0],
312 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wvr[0]);
313 		}
314 	}
315 }
316 
317 void kvm_arch_vcpu_load_debug_state_flags(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
318 {
319 	u64 dfr0;
320 
321 	/* For VHE, there is nothing to do */
322 	if (has_vhe())
323 		return;
324 
325 	dfr0 = read_sysreg(id_aa64dfr0_el1);
326 	/*
327 	 * If SPE is present on this CPU and is available at current EL,
328 	 * we may need to check if the host state needs to be saved.
329 	 */
330 	if (cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(dfr0, ID_AA64DFR0_EL1_PMSVer_SHIFT) &&
331 	    !(read_sysreg_s(SYS_PMBIDR_EL1) & BIT(PMBIDR_EL1_P_SHIFT)))
332 		vcpu_set_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_SPE);
333 
334 	/* Check if we have TRBE implemented and available at the host */
335 	if (cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(dfr0, ID_AA64DFR0_EL1_TraceBuffer_SHIFT) &&
336 	    !(read_sysreg_s(SYS_TRBIDR_EL1) & TRBIDR_PROG))
337 		vcpu_set_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_TRBE);
338 }
339 
340 void kvm_arch_vcpu_put_debug_state_flags(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
341 {
342 	vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_SPE);
343 	vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_TRBE);
344 }
345