xref: /openbmc/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/module-plts.c (revision 9134211f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2014-2017 Linaro Ltd. <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
4  */
5 
6 #include <linux/elf.h>
7 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
8 #include <linux/kernel.h>
9 #include <linux/module.h>
10 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
11 #include <linux/sort.h>
12 
13 static struct plt_entry __get_adrp_add_pair(u64 dst, u64 pc,
14 					    enum aarch64_insn_register reg)
15 {
16 	u32 adrp, add;
17 
18 	adrp = aarch64_insn_gen_adr(pc, dst, reg, AARCH64_INSN_ADR_TYPE_ADRP);
19 	add = aarch64_insn_gen_add_sub_imm(reg, reg, dst % SZ_4K,
20 					   AARCH64_INSN_VARIANT_64BIT,
21 					   AARCH64_INSN_ADSB_ADD);
22 
23 	return (struct plt_entry){ cpu_to_le32(adrp), cpu_to_le32(add) };
24 }
25 
26 struct plt_entry get_plt_entry(u64 dst, void *pc)
27 {
28 	struct plt_entry plt;
29 	static u32 br;
30 
31 	if (!br)
32 		br = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_reg(AARCH64_INSN_REG_16,
33 						 AARCH64_INSN_BRANCH_NOLINK);
34 
35 	plt = __get_adrp_add_pair(dst, (u64)pc, AARCH64_INSN_REG_16);
36 	plt.br = cpu_to_le32(br);
37 
38 	return plt;
39 }
40 
41 static bool plt_entries_equal(const struct plt_entry *a,
42 			      const struct plt_entry *b)
43 {
44 	u64 p, q;
45 
46 	/*
47 	 * Check whether both entries refer to the same target:
48 	 * do the cheapest checks first.
49 	 * If the 'add' or 'br' opcodes are different, then the target
50 	 * cannot be the same.
51 	 */
52 	if (a->add != b->add || a->br != b->br)
53 		return false;
54 
55 	p = ALIGN_DOWN((u64)a, SZ_4K);
56 	q = ALIGN_DOWN((u64)b, SZ_4K);
57 
58 	/*
59 	 * If the 'adrp' opcodes are the same then we just need to check
60 	 * that they refer to the same 4k region.
61 	 */
62 	if (a->adrp == b->adrp && p == q)
63 		return true;
64 
65 	return (p + aarch64_insn_adrp_get_offset(le32_to_cpu(a->adrp))) ==
66 	       (q + aarch64_insn_adrp_get_offset(le32_to_cpu(b->adrp)));
67 }
68 
69 u64 module_emit_plt_entry(struct module *mod, Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
70 			  void *loc, const Elf64_Rela *rela,
71 			  Elf64_Sym *sym)
72 {
73 	struct mod_plt_sec *pltsec = !within_module_init((unsigned long)loc, mod) ?
74 						&mod->arch.core : &mod->arch.init;
75 	struct plt_entry *plt = (struct plt_entry *)sechdrs[pltsec->plt_shndx].sh_addr;
76 	int i = pltsec->plt_num_entries;
77 	int j = i - 1;
78 	u64 val = sym->st_value + rela->r_addend;
79 
80 	if (is_forbidden_offset_for_adrp(&plt[i].adrp))
81 		i++;
82 
83 	plt[i] = get_plt_entry(val, &plt[i]);
84 
85 	/*
86 	 * Check if the entry we just created is a duplicate. Given that the
87 	 * relocations are sorted, this will be the last entry we allocated.
88 	 * (if one exists).
89 	 */
90 	if (j >= 0 && plt_entries_equal(plt + i, plt + j))
91 		return (u64)&plt[j];
92 
93 	pltsec->plt_num_entries += i - j;
94 	if (WARN_ON(pltsec->plt_num_entries > pltsec->plt_max_entries))
95 		return 0;
96 
97 	return (u64)&plt[i];
98 }
99 
100 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_843419
101 u64 module_emit_veneer_for_adrp(struct module *mod, Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
102 				void *loc, u64 val)
103 {
104 	struct mod_plt_sec *pltsec = !within_module_init((unsigned long)loc, mod) ?
105 						&mod->arch.core : &mod->arch.init;
106 	struct plt_entry *plt = (struct plt_entry *)sechdrs[pltsec->plt_shndx].sh_addr;
107 	int i = pltsec->plt_num_entries++;
108 	u32 br;
109 	int rd;
110 
111 	if (WARN_ON(pltsec->plt_num_entries > pltsec->plt_max_entries))
112 		return 0;
113 
114 	if (is_forbidden_offset_for_adrp(&plt[i].adrp))
115 		i = pltsec->plt_num_entries++;
116 
117 	/* get the destination register of the ADRP instruction */
118 	rd = aarch64_insn_decode_register(AARCH64_INSN_REGTYPE_RD,
119 					  le32_to_cpup((__le32 *)loc));
120 
121 	br = aarch64_insn_gen_branch_imm((u64)&plt[i].br, (u64)loc + 4,
122 					 AARCH64_INSN_BRANCH_NOLINK);
123 
124 	plt[i] = __get_adrp_add_pair(val, (u64)&plt[i], rd);
125 	plt[i].br = cpu_to_le32(br);
126 
127 	return (u64)&plt[i];
128 }
129 #endif
130 
131 #define cmp_3way(a, b)	((a) < (b) ? -1 : (a) > (b))
132 
133 static int cmp_rela(const void *a, const void *b)
134 {
135 	const Elf64_Rela *x = a, *y = b;
136 	int i;
137 
138 	/* sort by type, symbol index and addend */
139 	i = cmp_3way(ELF64_R_TYPE(x->r_info), ELF64_R_TYPE(y->r_info));
140 	if (i == 0)
141 		i = cmp_3way(ELF64_R_SYM(x->r_info), ELF64_R_SYM(y->r_info));
142 	if (i == 0)
143 		i = cmp_3way(x->r_addend, y->r_addend);
144 	return i;
145 }
146 
147 static bool duplicate_rel(const Elf64_Rela *rela, int num)
148 {
149 	/*
150 	 * Entries are sorted by type, symbol index and addend. That means
151 	 * that, if a duplicate entry exists, it must be in the preceding
152 	 * slot.
153 	 */
154 	return num > 0 && cmp_rela(rela + num, rela + num - 1) == 0;
155 }
156 
157 static unsigned int count_plts(Elf64_Sym *syms, Elf64_Rela *rela, int num,
158 			       Elf64_Word dstidx, Elf_Shdr *dstsec)
159 {
160 	unsigned int ret = 0;
161 	Elf64_Sym *s;
162 	int i;
163 
164 	for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
165 		u64 min_align;
166 
167 		switch (ELF64_R_TYPE(rela[i].r_info)) {
168 		case R_AARCH64_JUMP26:
169 		case R_AARCH64_CALL26:
170 			if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE))
171 				break;
172 
173 			/*
174 			 * We only have to consider branch targets that resolve
175 			 * to symbols that are defined in a different section.
176 			 * This is not simply a heuristic, it is a fundamental
177 			 * limitation, since there is no guaranteed way to emit
178 			 * PLT entries sufficiently close to the branch if the
179 			 * section size exceeds the range of a branch
180 			 * instruction. So ignore relocations against defined
181 			 * symbols if they live in the same section as the
182 			 * relocation target.
183 			 */
184 			s = syms + ELF64_R_SYM(rela[i].r_info);
185 			if (s->st_shndx == dstidx)
186 				break;
187 
188 			/*
189 			 * Jump relocations with non-zero addends against
190 			 * undefined symbols are supported by the ELF spec, but
191 			 * do not occur in practice (e.g., 'jump n bytes past
192 			 * the entry point of undefined function symbol f').
193 			 * So we need to support them, but there is no need to
194 			 * take them into consideration when trying to optimize
195 			 * this code. So let's only check for duplicates when
196 			 * the addend is zero: this allows us to record the PLT
197 			 * entry address in the symbol table itself, rather than
198 			 * having to search the list for duplicates each time we
199 			 * emit one.
200 			 */
201 			if (rela[i].r_addend != 0 || !duplicate_rel(rela, i))
202 				ret++;
203 			break;
204 		case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21_NC:
205 		case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21:
206 			if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_843419) ||
207 			    !cpus_have_const_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_843419))
208 				break;
209 
210 			/*
211 			 * Determine the minimal safe alignment for this ADRP
212 			 * instruction: the section alignment at which it is
213 			 * guaranteed not to appear at a vulnerable offset.
214 			 *
215 			 * This comes down to finding the least significant zero
216 			 * bit in bits [11:3] of the section offset, and
217 			 * increasing the section's alignment so that the
218 			 * resulting address of this instruction is guaranteed
219 			 * to equal the offset in that particular bit (as well
220 			 * as all less significant bits). This ensures that the
221 			 * address modulo 4 KB != 0xfff8 or 0xfffc (which would
222 			 * have all ones in bits [11:3])
223 			 */
224 			min_align = 2ULL << ffz(rela[i].r_offset | 0x7);
225 
226 			/*
227 			 * Allocate veneer space for each ADRP that may appear
228 			 * at a vulnerable offset nonetheless. At relocation
229 			 * time, some of these will remain unused since some
230 			 * ADRP instructions can be patched to ADR instructions
231 			 * instead.
232 			 */
233 			if (min_align > SZ_4K)
234 				ret++;
235 			else
236 				dstsec->sh_addralign = max(dstsec->sh_addralign,
237 							   min_align);
238 			break;
239 		}
240 	}
241 
242 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_843419) &&
243 	    cpus_have_const_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_843419))
244 		/*
245 		 * Add some slack so we can skip PLT slots that may trigger
246 		 * the erratum due to the placement of the ADRP instruction.
247 		 */
248 		ret += DIV_ROUND_UP(ret, (SZ_4K / sizeof(struct plt_entry)));
249 
250 	return ret;
251 }
252 
253 static bool branch_rela_needs_plt(Elf64_Sym *syms, Elf64_Rela *rela,
254 				  Elf64_Word dstidx)
255 {
256 
257 	Elf64_Sym *s = syms + ELF64_R_SYM(rela->r_info);
258 
259 	if (s->st_shndx == dstidx)
260 		return false;
261 
262 	return ELF64_R_TYPE(rela->r_info) == R_AARCH64_JUMP26 ||
263 	       ELF64_R_TYPE(rela->r_info) == R_AARCH64_CALL26;
264 }
265 
266 /* Group branch PLT relas at the front end of the array. */
267 static int partition_branch_plt_relas(Elf64_Sym *syms, Elf64_Rela *rela,
268 				      int numrels, Elf64_Word dstidx)
269 {
270 	int i = 0, j = numrels - 1;
271 
272 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE))
273 		return 0;
274 
275 	while (i < j) {
276 		if (branch_rela_needs_plt(syms, &rela[i], dstidx))
277 			i++;
278 		else if (branch_rela_needs_plt(syms, &rela[j], dstidx))
279 			swap(rela[i], rela[j]);
280 		else
281 			j--;
282 	}
283 
284 	return i;
285 }
286 
287 int module_frob_arch_sections(Elf_Ehdr *ehdr, Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
288 			      char *secstrings, struct module *mod)
289 {
290 	unsigned long core_plts = 0;
291 	unsigned long init_plts = 0;
292 	Elf64_Sym *syms = NULL;
293 	Elf_Shdr *pltsec, *tramp = NULL;
294 	int i;
295 
296 	/*
297 	 * Find the empty .plt section so we can expand it to store the PLT
298 	 * entries. Record the symtab address as well.
299 	 */
300 	for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
301 		if (!strcmp(secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".plt"))
302 			mod->arch.core.plt_shndx = i;
303 		else if (!strcmp(secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".init.plt"))
304 			mod->arch.init.plt_shndx = i;
305 		else if (!strcmp(secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name,
306 				 ".text.ftrace_trampoline"))
307 			tramp = sechdrs + i;
308 		else if (sechdrs[i].sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB)
309 			syms = (Elf64_Sym *)sechdrs[i].sh_addr;
310 	}
311 
312 	if (!mod->arch.core.plt_shndx || !mod->arch.init.plt_shndx) {
313 		pr_err("%s: module PLT section(s) missing\n", mod->name);
314 		return -ENOEXEC;
315 	}
316 	if (!syms) {
317 		pr_err("%s: module symtab section missing\n", mod->name);
318 		return -ENOEXEC;
319 	}
320 
321 	for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; i++) {
322 		Elf64_Rela *rels = (void *)ehdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
323 		int nents, numrels = sechdrs[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf64_Rela);
324 		Elf64_Shdr *dstsec = sechdrs + sechdrs[i].sh_info;
325 
326 		if (sechdrs[i].sh_type != SHT_RELA)
327 			continue;
328 
329 		/* ignore relocations that operate on non-exec sections */
330 		if (!(dstsec->sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR))
331 			continue;
332 
333 		/*
334 		 * sort branch relocations requiring a PLT by type, symbol index
335 		 * and addend
336 		 */
337 		nents = partition_branch_plt_relas(syms, rels, numrels,
338 						   sechdrs[i].sh_info);
339 		if (nents)
340 			sort(rels, nents, sizeof(Elf64_Rela), cmp_rela, NULL);
341 
342 		if (!str_has_prefix(secstrings + dstsec->sh_name, ".init"))
343 			core_plts += count_plts(syms, rels, numrels,
344 						sechdrs[i].sh_info, dstsec);
345 		else
346 			init_plts += count_plts(syms, rels, numrels,
347 						sechdrs[i].sh_info, dstsec);
348 	}
349 
350 	pltsec = sechdrs + mod->arch.core.plt_shndx;
351 	pltsec->sh_type = SHT_NOBITS;
352 	pltsec->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
353 	pltsec->sh_addralign = L1_CACHE_BYTES;
354 	pltsec->sh_size = (core_plts  + 1) * sizeof(struct plt_entry);
355 	mod->arch.core.plt_num_entries = 0;
356 	mod->arch.core.plt_max_entries = core_plts;
357 
358 	pltsec = sechdrs + mod->arch.init.plt_shndx;
359 	pltsec->sh_type = SHT_NOBITS;
360 	pltsec->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
361 	pltsec->sh_addralign = L1_CACHE_BYTES;
362 	pltsec->sh_size = (init_plts + 1) * sizeof(struct plt_entry);
363 	mod->arch.init.plt_num_entries = 0;
364 	mod->arch.init.plt_max_entries = init_plts;
365 
366 	if (tramp) {
367 		tramp->sh_type = SHT_NOBITS;
368 		tramp->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
369 		tramp->sh_addralign = __alignof__(struct plt_entry);
370 		tramp->sh_size = NR_FTRACE_PLTS * sizeof(struct plt_entry);
371 	}
372 
373 	return 0;
374 }
375