1 /*
2  * ARMv8 single-step debug support and mdscr context switching.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Limited
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
9  *
10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16  * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17  *
18  * Author: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
19  */
20 
21 #include <linux/cpu.h>
22 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
23 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
26 #include <linux/stat.h>
27 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
28 
29 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
30 #include <asm/local.h>
31 #include <asm/cputype.h>
32 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
33 
34 /* Low-level stepping controls. */
35 #define DBG_MDSCR_SS		(1 << 0)
36 #define DBG_SPSR_SS		(1 << 21)
37 
38 /* MDSCR_EL1 enabling bits */
39 #define DBG_MDSCR_KDE		(1 << 13)
40 #define DBG_MDSCR_MDE		(1 << 15)
41 #define DBG_MDSCR_MASK		~(DBG_MDSCR_KDE | DBG_MDSCR_MDE)
42 
43 /* Determine debug architecture. */
44 u8 debug_monitors_arch(void)
45 {
46 	return read_cpuid(ID_AA64DFR0_EL1) & 0xf;
47 }
48 
49 /*
50  * MDSCR access routines.
51  */
52 static void mdscr_write(u32 mdscr)
53 {
54 	unsigned long flags;
55 	local_dbg_save(flags);
56 	asm volatile("msr mdscr_el1, %0" :: "r" (mdscr));
57 	local_dbg_restore(flags);
58 }
59 
60 static u32 mdscr_read(void)
61 {
62 	u32 mdscr;
63 	asm volatile("mrs %0, mdscr_el1" : "=r" (mdscr));
64 	return mdscr;
65 }
66 
67 /*
68  * Allow root to disable self-hosted debug from userspace.
69  * This is useful if you want to connect an external JTAG debugger.
70  */
71 static u32 debug_enabled = 1;
72 
73 static int create_debug_debugfs_entry(void)
74 {
75 	debugfs_create_bool("debug_enabled", 0644, NULL, &debug_enabled);
76 	return 0;
77 }
78 fs_initcall(create_debug_debugfs_entry);
79 
80 static int __init early_debug_disable(char *buf)
81 {
82 	debug_enabled = 0;
83 	return 0;
84 }
85 
86 early_param("nodebugmon", early_debug_disable);
87 
88 /*
89  * Keep track of debug users on each core.
90  * The ref counts are per-cpu so we use a local_t type.
91  */
92 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(local_t, mde_ref_count);
93 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(local_t, kde_ref_count);
94 
95 void enable_debug_monitors(enum debug_el el)
96 {
97 	u32 mdscr, enable = 0;
98 
99 	WARN_ON(preemptible());
100 
101 	if (local_inc_return(&__get_cpu_var(mde_ref_count)) == 1)
102 		enable = DBG_MDSCR_MDE;
103 
104 	if (el == DBG_ACTIVE_EL1 &&
105 	    local_inc_return(&__get_cpu_var(kde_ref_count)) == 1)
106 		enable |= DBG_MDSCR_KDE;
107 
108 	if (enable && debug_enabled) {
109 		mdscr = mdscr_read();
110 		mdscr |= enable;
111 		mdscr_write(mdscr);
112 	}
113 }
114 
115 void disable_debug_monitors(enum debug_el el)
116 {
117 	u32 mdscr, disable = 0;
118 
119 	WARN_ON(preemptible());
120 
121 	if (local_dec_and_test(&__get_cpu_var(mde_ref_count)))
122 		disable = ~DBG_MDSCR_MDE;
123 
124 	if (el == DBG_ACTIVE_EL1 &&
125 	    local_dec_and_test(&__get_cpu_var(kde_ref_count)))
126 		disable &= ~DBG_MDSCR_KDE;
127 
128 	if (disable) {
129 		mdscr = mdscr_read();
130 		mdscr &= disable;
131 		mdscr_write(mdscr);
132 	}
133 }
134 
135 /*
136  * OS lock clearing.
137  */
138 static void clear_os_lock(void *unused)
139 {
140 	asm volatile("msr oslar_el1, %0" : : "r" (0));
141 	isb();
142 }
143 
144 static int os_lock_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
145 				    unsigned long action, void *data)
146 {
147 	int cpu = (unsigned long)data;
148 	if (action == CPU_ONLINE)
149 		smp_call_function_single(cpu, clear_os_lock, NULL, 1);
150 	return NOTIFY_OK;
151 }
152 
153 static struct notifier_block os_lock_nb = {
154 	.notifier_call = os_lock_notify,
155 };
156 
157 static int debug_monitors_init(void)
158 {
159 	/* Clear the OS lock. */
160 	smp_call_function(clear_os_lock, NULL, 1);
161 	clear_os_lock(NULL);
162 
163 	/* Register hotplug handler. */
164 	register_cpu_notifier(&os_lock_nb);
165 	return 0;
166 }
167 postcore_initcall(debug_monitors_init);
168 
169 /*
170  * Single step API and exception handling.
171  */
172 static void set_regs_spsr_ss(struct pt_regs *regs)
173 {
174 	unsigned long spsr;
175 
176 	spsr = regs->pstate;
177 	spsr &= ~DBG_SPSR_SS;
178 	spsr |= DBG_SPSR_SS;
179 	regs->pstate = spsr;
180 }
181 
182 static void clear_regs_spsr_ss(struct pt_regs *regs)
183 {
184 	unsigned long spsr;
185 
186 	spsr = regs->pstate;
187 	spsr &= ~DBG_SPSR_SS;
188 	regs->pstate = spsr;
189 }
190 
191 static int single_step_handler(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
192 			       struct pt_regs *regs)
193 {
194 	siginfo_t info;
195 
196 	/*
197 	 * If we are stepping a pending breakpoint, call the hw_breakpoint
198 	 * handler first.
199 	 */
200 	if (!reinstall_suspended_bps(regs))
201 		return 0;
202 
203 	if (user_mode(regs)) {
204 		info.si_signo = SIGTRAP;
205 		info.si_errno = 0;
206 		info.si_code  = TRAP_HWBKPT;
207 		info.si_addr  = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
208 		force_sig_info(SIGTRAP, &info, current);
209 
210 		/*
211 		 * ptrace will disable single step unless explicitly
212 		 * asked to re-enable it. For other clients, it makes
213 		 * sense to leave it enabled (i.e. rewind the controls
214 		 * to the active-not-pending state).
215 		 */
216 		user_rewind_single_step(current);
217 	} else {
218 		/* TODO: route to KGDB */
219 		pr_warning("Unexpected kernel single-step exception at EL1\n");
220 		/*
221 		 * Re-enable stepping since we know that we will be
222 		 * returning to regs.
223 		 */
224 		set_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
225 	}
226 
227 	return 0;
228 }
229 
230 static int brk_handler(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
231 		       struct pt_regs *regs)
232 {
233 	siginfo_t info;
234 
235 	if (!user_mode(regs))
236 		return -EFAULT;
237 
238 	info = (siginfo_t) {
239 		.si_signo = SIGTRAP,
240 		.si_errno = 0,
241 		.si_code  = TRAP_BRKPT,
242 		.si_addr  = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs),
243 	};
244 
245 	force_sig_info(SIGTRAP, &info, current);
246 	return 0;
247 }
248 
249 int aarch32_break_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
250 {
251 	siginfo_t info;
252 	unsigned int instr;
253 	bool bp = false;
254 	void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
255 
256 	if (!compat_user_mode(regs))
257 		return -EFAULT;
258 
259 	if (compat_thumb_mode(regs)) {
260 		/* get 16-bit Thumb instruction */
261 		get_user(instr, (u16 __user *)pc);
262 		if (instr == AARCH32_BREAK_THUMB2_LO) {
263 			/* get second half of 32-bit Thumb-2 instruction */
264 			get_user(instr, (u16 __user *)(pc + 2));
265 			bp = instr == AARCH32_BREAK_THUMB2_HI;
266 		} else {
267 			bp = instr == AARCH32_BREAK_THUMB;
268 		}
269 	} else {
270 		/* 32-bit ARM instruction */
271 		get_user(instr, (u32 __user *)pc);
272 		bp = (instr & ~0xf0000000) == AARCH32_BREAK_ARM;
273 	}
274 
275 	if (!bp)
276 		return -EFAULT;
277 
278 	info = (siginfo_t) {
279 		.si_signo = SIGTRAP,
280 		.si_errno = 0,
281 		.si_code  = TRAP_BRKPT,
282 		.si_addr  = pc,
283 	};
284 
285 	force_sig_info(SIGTRAP, &info, current);
286 	return 0;
287 }
288 
289 static int __init debug_traps_init(void)
290 {
291 	hook_debug_fault_code(DBG_ESR_EVT_HWSS, single_step_handler, SIGTRAP,
292 			      TRAP_HWBKPT, "single-step handler");
293 	hook_debug_fault_code(DBG_ESR_EVT_BRK, brk_handler, SIGTRAP,
294 			      TRAP_BRKPT, "ptrace BRK handler");
295 	return 0;
296 }
297 arch_initcall(debug_traps_init);
298 
299 /* Re-enable single step for syscall restarting. */
300 void user_rewind_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
301 {
302 	/*
303 	 * If single step is active for this thread, then set SPSR.SS
304 	 * to 1 to avoid returning to the active-pending state.
305 	 */
306 	if (test_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(task), TIF_SINGLESTEP))
307 		set_regs_spsr_ss(task_pt_regs(task));
308 }
309 
310 void user_fastforward_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
311 {
312 	if (test_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(task), TIF_SINGLESTEP))
313 		clear_regs_spsr_ss(task_pt_regs(task));
314 }
315 
316 /* Kernel API */
317 void kernel_enable_single_step(struct pt_regs *regs)
318 {
319 	WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
320 	set_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
321 	mdscr_write(mdscr_read() | DBG_MDSCR_SS);
322 	enable_debug_monitors(DBG_ACTIVE_EL1);
323 }
324 
325 void kernel_disable_single_step(void)
326 {
327 	WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
328 	mdscr_write(mdscr_read() & ~DBG_MDSCR_SS);
329 	disable_debug_monitors(DBG_ACTIVE_EL1);
330 }
331 
332 int kernel_active_single_step(void)
333 {
334 	WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
335 	return mdscr_read() & DBG_MDSCR_SS;
336 }
337 
338 /* ptrace API */
339 void user_enable_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
340 {
341 	set_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(task), TIF_SINGLESTEP);
342 	set_regs_spsr_ss(task_pt_regs(task));
343 }
344 
345 void user_disable_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
346 {
347 	clear_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(task), TIF_SINGLESTEP);
348 }
349