1Valid-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-or-later 2Valid-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-only 3Valid-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-or-later 4Valid-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-only 5SPDX-URL: https://spdx.org/licenses/GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-or-later.html 6Usage-Guide: 7 The GNU Free Documentation License should only be used without 8 Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts. 9 It should not be used for new documents. 10 To use the license in source code, put the following SPDX tag/value pair 11 into a comment according to the placement guidelines in the licensing 12 rules documentation: 13 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-or-later 14 or 15 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-only 16 or 17 SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-or-later 18 or 19 SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.2-no-invariants-only 20License-Text: 21 GNU Free Documentation License 22 Version 1.2, November 2002 23 24 25 Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 26 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 27 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 28 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 29 30 310. PREAMBLE 32 33The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other 34functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to 35assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, 36with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. 37Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way 38to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible 39for modifications made by others. 40 41This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative 42works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It 43complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft 44license designed for free software. 45 46We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free 47software, because free software needs free documentation: a free 48program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the 49software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; 50it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or 51whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License 52principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 53 54 551. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS 56 57This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that 58contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be 59distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a 60world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that 61work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, 62refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a 63licensee, and is addressed as "you". 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MODIFICATIONS 197 198You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under 199the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release 200the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified 201Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution 202and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy 203of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: 204 205A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct 206 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions 207 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section 208 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version 209 if the original publisher of that version gives permission. 210B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities 211 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified 212 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the 213 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), 214 unless they release you from this requirement. 215C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the 216 Modified Version, as the publisher. 217D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. 218E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications 219 adjacent to the other copyright notices. 220F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice 221 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the 222 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. 223G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections 224 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. 225H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. 226I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add 227 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and 228 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If 229 there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one 230 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as 231 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified 232 Version as stated in the previous sentence. 233J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for 234 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise 235 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions 236 it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. 237 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at 238 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original 239 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. 240K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", 241 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all 242 the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements 243 and/or dedications given therein. 244L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, 245 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers 246 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. 247M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section 248 may not be included in the Modified Version. 249N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" 250 or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. 251O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. 252 253If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or 254appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material 255copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all 256of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the 257list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. 258These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. 259 260You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains 261nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various 262parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has 263been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a 264standard. 265 266You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a 267passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list 268of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of 269Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or 270through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already 271includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or 272by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, 273you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit 274permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. 275 276The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License 277give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or 278imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 279 280 2815. COMBINING DOCUMENTS 282 283You may combine the Document with other documents released under this 284License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified 285versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the 286Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and 287list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its 288license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. 289 290The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and 291multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single 292copy. 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COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS 307 308You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents 309released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this 310License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in 311the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for 312verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. 313 314You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute 315it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this 316License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all 317other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. 318 319 3207. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS 321 322A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate 323and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or 324distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright 325resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights 326of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. 327When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not 328apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves 329derivative works of the Document. 330 331If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these 332copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of 333the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on 334covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the 335electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. 336Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole 337aggregate. 338 339 3408. TRANSLATION 341 342Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may 343distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. 344Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special 345permission from their copyright holders, but you may include 346translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the 347original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a 348translation of this License, and all the license notices in the 349Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include 350the original English version of this License and the original versions 351of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between 352the translation and the original version of this License or a notice 353or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. 354 355If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", 356"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve 357its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual 358title. 359 360 3619. TERMINATION 362 363You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except 364as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to 365copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will 366automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, 367parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this 368License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 369parties remain in full compliance. 370 371 37210. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE 373 374The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions 375of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new 376versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may 377differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See 378https://www.gnu.org/licenses/. 379 380Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. 381If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this 382License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of 383following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or 384of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the 385Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version 386number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not 387as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. 388 389 390ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents 391 392To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of 393the License in the document and put the following copyright and 394license notices just after the title page: 395 396 Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. 397 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 398 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 399 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 400 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. 401 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU 402 Free Documentation License". 403 404If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, 405replace the "with...Texts." line with this: 406 407 with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the 408 Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. 409 410If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other 411combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the 412situation. 413 414If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we 415recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of 416free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, 417to permit their use in free software. 418