xref: /openbmc/linux/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst (revision 979ac5ef)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2
3===================================================================
4The Definitive KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) API Documentation
5===================================================================
6
71. General description
8======================
9
10The kvm API is a set of ioctls that are issued to control various aspects
11of a virtual machine.  The ioctls belong to the following classes:
12
13 - System ioctls: These query and set global attributes which affect the
14   whole kvm subsystem.  In addition a system ioctl is used to create
15   virtual machines.
16
17 - VM ioctls: These query and set attributes that affect an entire virtual
18   machine, for example memory layout.  In addition a VM ioctl is used to
19   create virtual cpus (vcpus) and devices.
20
21   VM ioctls must be issued from the same process (address space) that was
22   used to create the VM.
23
24 - vcpu ioctls: These query and set attributes that control the operation
25   of a single virtual cpu.
26
27   vcpu ioctls should be issued from the same thread that was used to create
28   the vcpu, except for asynchronous vcpu ioctl that are marked as such in
29   the documentation.  Otherwise, the first ioctl after switching threads
30   could see a performance impact.
31
32 - device ioctls: These query and set attributes that control the operation
33   of a single device.
34
35   device ioctls must be issued from the same process (address space) that
36   was used to create the VM.
37
382. File descriptors
39===================
40
41The kvm API is centered around file descriptors.  An initial
42open("/dev/kvm") obtains a handle to the kvm subsystem; this handle
43can be used to issue system ioctls.  A KVM_CREATE_VM ioctl on this
44handle will create a VM file descriptor which can be used to issue VM
45ioctls.  A KVM_CREATE_VCPU or KVM_CREATE_DEVICE ioctl on a VM fd will
46create a virtual cpu or device and return a file descriptor pointing to
47the new resource.  Finally, ioctls on a vcpu or device fd can be used
48to control the vcpu or device.  For vcpus, this includes the important
49task of actually running guest code.
50
51In general file descriptors can be migrated among processes by means
52of fork() and the SCM_RIGHTS facility of unix domain socket.  These
53kinds of tricks are explicitly not supported by kvm.  While they will
54not cause harm to the host, their actual behavior is not guaranteed by
55the API.  See "General description" for details on the ioctl usage
56model that is supported by KVM.
57
58It is important to note that although VM ioctls may only be issued from
59the process that created the VM, a VM's lifecycle is associated with its
60file descriptor, not its creator (process).  In other words, the VM and
61its resources, *including the associated address space*, are not freed
62until the last reference to the VM's file descriptor has been released.
63For example, if fork() is issued after ioctl(KVM_CREATE_VM), the VM will
64not be freed until both the parent (original) process and its child have
65put their references to the VM's file descriptor.
66
67Because a VM's resources are not freed until the last reference to its
68file descriptor is released, creating additional references to a VM
69via fork(), dup(), etc... without careful consideration is strongly
70discouraged and may have unwanted side effects, e.g. memory allocated
71by and on behalf of the VM's process may not be freed/unaccounted when
72the VM is shut down.
73
74
753. Extensions
76=============
77
78As of Linux 2.6.22, the KVM ABI has been stabilized: no backward
79incompatible change are allowed.  However, there is an extension
80facility that allows backward-compatible extensions to the API to be
81queried and used.
82
83The extension mechanism is not based on the Linux version number.
84Instead, kvm defines extension identifiers and a facility to query
85whether a particular extension identifier is available.  If it is, a
86set of ioctls is available for application use.
87
88
894. API description
90==================
91
92This section describes ioctls that can be used to control kvm guests.
93For each ioctl, the following information is provided along with a
94description:
95
96  Capability:
97      which KVM extension provides this ioctl.  Can be 'basic',
98      which means that is will be provided by any kernel that supports
99      API version 12 (see section 4.1), a KVM_CAP_xyz constant, which
100      means availability needs to be checked with KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION
101      (see section 4.4), or 'none' which means that while not all kernels
102      support this ioctl, there's no capability bit to check its
103      availability: for kernels that don't support the ioctl,
104      the ioctl returns -ENOTTY.
105
106  Architectures:
107      which instruction set architectures provide this ioctl.
108      x86 includes both i386 and x86_64.
109
110  Type:
111      system, vm, or vcpu.
112
113  Parameters:
114      what parameters are accepted by the ioctl.
115
116  Returns:
117      the return value.  General error numbers (EBADF, ENOMEM, EINVAL)
118      are not detailed, but errors with specific meanings are.
119
120
1214.1 KVM_GET_API_VERSION
122-----------------------
123
124:Capability: basic
125:Architectures: all
126:Type: system ioctl
127:Parameters: none
128:Returns: the constant KVM_API_VERSION (=12)
129
130This identifies the API version as the stable kvm API. It is not
131expected that this number will change.  However, Linux 2.6.20 and
1322.6.21 report earlier versions; these are not documented and not
133supported.  Applications should refuse to run if KVM_GET_API_VERSION
134returns a value other than 12.  If this check passes, all ioctls
135described as 'basic' will be available.
136
137
1384.2 KVM_CREATE_VM
139-----------------
140
141:Capability: basic
142:Architectures: all
143:Type: system ioctl
144:Parameters: machine type identifier (KVM_VM_*)
145:Returns: a VM fd that can be used to control the new virtual machine.
146
147The new VM has no virtual cpus and no memory.
148You probably want to use 0 as machine type.
149
150In order to create user controlled virtual machines on S390, check
151KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL and use the flag KVM_VM_S390_UCONTROL as
152privileged user (CAP_SYS_ADMIN).
153
154On arm64, the physical address size for a VM (IPA Size limit) is limited
155to 40bits by default. The limit can be configured if the host supports the
156extension KVM_CAP_ARM_VM_IPA_SIZE. When supported, use
157KVM_VM_TYPE_ARM_IPA_SIZE(IPA_Bits) to set the size in the machine type
158identifier, where IPA_Bits is the maximum width of any physical
159address used by the VM. The IPA_Bits is encoded in bits[7-0] of the
160machine type identifier.
161
162e.g, to configure a guest to use 48bit physical address size::
163
164    vm_fd = ioctl(dev_fd, KVM_CREATE_VM, KVM_VM_TYPE_ARM_IPA_SIZE(48));
165
166The requested size (IPA_Bits) must be:
167
168 ==   =========================================================
169  0   Implies default size, 40bits (for backward compatibility)
170  N   Implies N bits, where N is a positive integer such that,
171      32 <= N <= Host_IPA_Limit
172 ==   =========================================================
173
174Host_IPA_Limit is the maximum possible value for IPA_Bits on the host and
175is dependent on the CPU capability and the kernel configuration. The limit can
176be retrieved using KVM_CAP_ARM_VM_IPA_SIZE of the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION
177ioctl() at run-time.
178
179Creation of the VM will fail if the requested IPA size (whether it is
180implicit or explicit) is unsupported on the host.
181
182Please note that configuring the IPA size does not affect the capability
183exposed by the guest CPUs in ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1[PARange]. It only affects
184size of the address translated by the stage2 level (guest physical to
185host physical address translations).
186
187
1884.3 KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST, KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST
189----------------------------------------------------------
190
191:Capability: basic, KVM_CAP_GET_MSR_FEATURES for KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST
192:Architectures: x86
193:Type: system ioctl
194:Parameters: struct kvm_msr_list (in/out)
195:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
196
197Errors:
198
199  ======     ============================================================
200  EFAULT     the msr index list cannot be read from or written to
201  E2BIG      the msr index list is too big to fit in the array specified by
202             the user.
203  ======     ============================================================
204
205::
206
207  struct kvm_msr_list {
208	__u32 nmsrs; /* number of msrs in entries */
209	__u32 indices[0];
210  };
211
212The user fills in the size of the indices array in nmsrs, and in return
213kvm adjusts nmsrs to reflect the actual number of msrs and fills in the
214indices array with their numbers.
215
216KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST returns the guest msrs that are supported.  The list
217varies by kvm version and host processor, but does not change otherwise.
218
219Note: if kvm indicates supports MCE (KVM_CAP_MCE), then the MCE bank MSRs are
220not returned in the MSR list, as different vcpus can have a different number
221of banks, as set via the KVM_X86_SETUP_MCE ioctl.
222
223KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST returns the list of MSRs that can be passed
224to the KVM_GET_MSRS system ioctl.  This lets userspace probe host capabilities
225and processor features that are exposed via MSRs (e.g., VMX capabilities).
226This list also varies by kvm version and host processor, but does not change
227otherwise.
228
229
2304.4 KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION
231-----------------------
232
233:Capability: basic, KVM_CAP_CHECK_EXTENSION_VM for vm ioctl
234:Architectures: all
235:Type: system ioctl, vm ioctl
236:Parameters: extension identifier (KVM_CAP_*)
237:Returns: 0 if unsupported; 1 (or some other positive integer) if supported
238
239The API allows the application to query about extensions to the core
240kvm API.  Userspace passes an extension identifier (an integer) and
241receives an integer that describes the extension availability.
242Generally 0 means no and 1 means yes, but some extensions may report
243additional information in the integer return value.
244
245Based on their initialization different VMs may have different capabilities.
246It is thus encouraged to use the vm ioctl to query for capabilities (available
247with KVM_CAP_CHECK_EXTENSION_VM on the vm fd)
248
2494.5 KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE
250--------------------------
251
252:Capability: basic
253:Architectures: all
254:Type: system ioctl
255:Parameters: none
256:Returns: size of vcpu mmap area, in bytes
257
258The KVM_RUN ioctl (cf.) communicates with userspace via a shared
259memory region.  This ioctl returns the size of that region.  See the
260KVM_RUN documentation for details.
261
262Besides the size of the KVM_RUN communication region, other areas of
263the VCPU file descriptor can be mmap-ed, including:
264
265- if KVM_CAP_COALESCED_MMIO is available, a page at
266  KVM_COALESCED_MMIO_PAGE_OFFSET * PAGE_SIZE; for historical reasons,
267  this page is included in the result of KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE.
268  KVM_CAP_COALESCED_MMIO is not documented yet.
269
270- if KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING is available, a number of pages at
271  KVM_DIRTY_LOG_PAGE_OFFSET * PAGE_SIZE.  For more information on
272  KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING, see section 8.3.
273
274
2754.7 KVM_CREATE_VCPU
276-------------------
277
278:Capability: basic
279:Architectures: all
280:Type: vm ioctl
281:Parameters: vcpu id (apic id on x86)
282:Returns: vcpu fd on success, -1 on error
283
284This API adds a vcpu to a virtual machine. No more than max_vcpus may be added.
285The vcpu id is an integer in the range [0, max_vcpu_id).
286
287The recommended max_vcpus value can be retrieved using the KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS of
288the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl() at run-time.
289The maximum possible value for max_vcpus can be retrieved using the
290KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS of the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl() at run-time.
291
292If the KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS does not exist, you should assume that max_vcpus is 4
293cpus max.
294If the KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS does not exist, you should assume that max_vcpus is
295same as the value returned from KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS.
296
297The maximum possible value for max_vcpu_id can be retrieved using the
298KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID of the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl() at run-time.
299
300If the KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID does not exist, you should assume that max_vcpu_id
301is the same as the value returned from KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS.
302
303On powerpc using book3s_hv mode, the vcpus are mapped onto virtual
304threads in one or more virtual CPU cores.  (This is because the
305hardware requires all the hardware threads in a CPU core to be in the
306same partition.)  The KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT capability indicates the number
307of vcpus per virtual core (vcore).  The vcore id is obtained by
308dividing the vcpu id by the number of vcpus per vcore.  The vcpus in a
309given vcore will always be in the same physical core as each other
310(though that might be a different physical core from time to time).
311Userspace can control the threading (SMT) mode of the guest by its
312allocation of vcpu ids.  For example, if userspace wants
313single-threaded guest vcpus, it should make all vcpu ids be a multiple
314of the number of vcpus per vcore.
315
316For virtual cpus that have been created with S390 user controlled virtual
317machines, the resulting vcpu fd can be memory mapped at page offset
318KVM_S390_SIE_PAGE_OFFSET in order to obtain a memory map of the virtual
319cpu's hardware control block.
320
321
3224.8 KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG (vm ioctl)
323--------------------------------
324
325:Capability: basic
326:Architectures: all
327:Type: vm ioctl
328:Parameters: struct kvm_dirty_log (in/out)
329:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
330
331::
332
333  /* for KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG */
334  struct kvm_dirty_log {
335	__u32 slot;
336	__u32 padding;
337	union {
338		void __user *dirty_bitmap; /* one bit per page */
339		__u64 padding;
340	};
341  };
342
343Given a memory slot, return a bitmap containing any pages dirtied
344since the last call to this ioctl.  Bit 0 is the first page in the
345memory slot.  Ensure the entire structure is cleared to avoid padding
346issues.
347
348If KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE is available, bits 16-31 of slot field specifies
349the address space for which you want to return the dirty bitmap.  See
350KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION for details on the usage of slot field.
351
352The bits in the dirty bitmap are cleared before the ioctl returns, unless
353KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 is enabled.  For more information,
354see the description of the capability.
355
356Note that the Xen shared info page, if configured, shall always be assumed
357to be dirty. KVM will not explicitly mark it such.
358
359
3604.10 KVM_RUN
361------------
362
363:Capability: basic
364:Architectures: all
365:Type: vcpu ioctl
366:Parameters: none
367:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
368
369Errors:
370
371  =======    ==============================================================
372  EINTR      an unmasked signal is pending
373  ENOEXEC    the vcpu hasn't been initialized or the guest tried to execute
374             instructions from device memory (arm64)
375  ENOSYS     data abort outside memslots with no syndrome info and
376             KVM_CAP_ARM_NISV_TO_USER not enabled (arm64)
377  EPERM      SVE feature set but not finalized (arm64)
378  =======    ==============================================================
379
380This ioctl is used to run a guest virtual cpu.  While there are no
381explicit parameters, there is an implicit parameter block that can be
382obtained by mmap()ing the vcpu fd at offset 0, with the size given by
383KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE.  The parameter block is formatted as a 'struct
384kvm_run' (see below).
385
386
3874.11 KVM_GET_REGS
388-----------------
389
390:Capability: basic
391:Architectures: all except arm64
392:Type: vcpu ioctl
393:Parameters: struct kvm_regs (out)
394:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
395
396Reads the general purpose registers from the vcpu.
397
398::
399
400  /* x86 */
401  struct kvm_regs {
402	/* out (KVM_GET_REGS) / in (KVM_SET_REGS) */
403	__u64 rax, rbx, rcx, rdx;
404	__u64 rsi, rdi, rsp, rbp;
405	__u64 r8,  r9,  r10, r11;
406	__u64 r12, r13, r14, r15;
407	__u64 rip, rflags;
408  };
409
410  /* mips */
411  struct kvm_regs {
412	/* out (KVM_GET_REGS) / in (KVM_SET_REGS) */
413	__u64 gpr[32];
414	__u64 hi;
415	__u64 lo;
416	__u64 pc;
417  };
418
419
4204.12 KVM_SET_REGS
421-----------------
422
423:Capability: basic
424:Architectures: all except arm64
425:Type: vcpu ioctl
426:Parameters: struct kvm_regs (in)
427:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
428
429Writes the general purpose registers into the vcpu.
430
431See KVM_GET_REGS for the data structure.
432
433
4344.13 KVM_GET_SREGS
435------------------
436
437:Capability: basic
438:Architectures: x86, ppc
439:Type: vcpu ioctl
440:Parameters: struct kvm_sregs (out)
441:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
442
443Reads special registers from the vcpu.
444
445::
446
447  /* x86 */
448  struct kvm_sregs {
449	struct kvm_segment cs, ds, es, fs, gs, ss;
450	struct kvm_segment tr, ldt;
451	struct kvm_dtable gdt, idt;
452	__u64 cr0, cr2, cr3, cr4, cr8;
453	__u64 efer;
454	__u64 apic_base;
455	__u64 interrupt_bitmap[(KVM_NR_INTERRUPTS + 63) / 64];
456  };
457
458  /* ppc -- see arch/powerpc/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h */
459
460interrupt_bitmap is a bitmap of pending external interrupts.  At most
461one bit may be set.  This interrupt has been acknowledged by the APIC
462but not yet injected into the cpu core.
463
464
4654.14 KVM_SET_SREGS
466------------------
467
468:Capability: basic
469:Architectures: x86, ppc
470:Type: vcpu ioctl
471:Parameters: struct kvm_sregs (in)
472:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
473
474Writes special registers into the vcpu.  See KVM_GET_SREGS for the
475data structures.
476
477
4784.15 KVM_TRANSLATE
479------------------
480
481:Capability: basic
482:Architectures: x86
483:Type: vcpu ioctl
484:Parameters: struct kvm_translation (in/out)
485:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
486
487Translates a virtual address according to the vcpu's current address
488translation mode.
489
490::
491
492  struct kvm_translation {
493	/* in */
494	__u64 linear_address;
495
496	/* out */
497	__u64 physical_address;
498	__u8  valid;
499	__u8  writeable;
500	__u8  usermode;
501	__u8  pad[5];
502  };
503
504
5054.16 KVM_INTERRUPT
506------------------
507
508:Capability: basic
509:Architectures: x86, ppc, mips, riscv
510:Type: vcpu ioctl
511:Parameters: struct kvm_interrupt (in)
512:Returns: 0 on success, negative on failure.
513
514Queues a hardware interrupt vector to be injected.
515
516::
517
518  /* for KVM_INTERRUPT */
519  struct kvm_interrupt {
520	/* in */
521	__u32 irq;
522  };
523
524X86:
525^^^^
526
527:Returns:
528
529	========= ===================================
530	  0       on success,
531	 -EEXIST  if an interrupt is already enqueued
532	 -EINVAL  the irq number is invalid
533	 -ENXIO   if the PIC is in the kernel
534	 -EFAULT  if the pointer is invalid
535	========= ===================================
536
537Note 'irq' is an interrupt vector, not an interrupt pin or line. This
538ioctl is useful if the in-kernel PIC is not used.
539
540PPC:
541^^^^
542
543Queues an external interrupt to be injected. This ioctl is overleaded
544with 3 different irq values:
545
546a) KVM_INTERRUPT_SET
547
548   This injects an edge type external interrupt into the guest once it's ready
549   to receive interrupts. When injected, the interrupt is done.
550
551b) KVM_INTERRUPT_UNSET
552
553   This unsets any pending interrupt.
554
555   Only available with KVM_CAP_PPC_UNSET_IRQ.
556
557c) KVM_INTERRUPT_SET_LEVEL
558
559   This injects a level type external interrupt into the guest context. The
560   interrupt stays pending until a specific ioctl with KVM_INTERRUPT_UNSET
561   is triggered.
562
563   Only available with KVM_CAP_PPC_IRQ_LEVEL.
564
565Note that any value for 'irq' other than the ones stated above is invalid
566and incurs unexpected behavior.
567
568This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
569
570MIPS:
571^^^^^
572
573Queues an external interrupt to be injected into the virtual CPU. A negative
574interrupt number dequeues the interrupt.
575
576This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
577
578RISC-V:
579^^^^^^^
580
581Queues an external interrupt to be injected into the virutal CPU. This ioctl
582is overloaded with 2 different irq values:
583
584a) KVM_INTERRUPT_SET
585
586   This sets external interrupt for a virtual CPU and it will receive
587   once it is ready.
588
589b) KVM_INTERRUPT_UNSET
590
591   This clears pending external interrupt for a virtual CPU.
592
593This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
594
595
5964.17 KVM_DEBUG_GUEST
597--------------------
598
599:Capability: basic
600:Architectures: none
601:Type: vcpu ioctl
602:Parameters: none)
603:Returns: -1 on error
604
605Support for this has been removed.  Use KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG instead.
606
607
6084.18 KVM_GET_MSRS
609-----------------
610
611:Capability: basic (vcpu), KVM_CAP_GET_MSR_FEATURES (system)
612:Architectures: x86
613:Type: system ioctl, vcpu ioctl
614:Parameters: struct kvm_msrs (in/out)
615:Returns: number of msrs successfully returned;
616          -1 on error
617
618When used as a system ioctl:
619Reads the values of MSR-based features that are available for the VM.  This
620is similar to KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID, but it returns MSR indices and values.
621The list of msr-based features can be obtained using KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST
622in a system ioctl.
623
624When used as a vcpu ioctl:
625Reads model-specific registers from the vcpu.  Supported msr indices can
626be obtained using KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST in a system ioctl.
627
628::
629
630  struct kvm_msrs {
631	__u32 nmsrs; /* number of msrs in entries */
632	__u32 pad;
633
634	struct kvm_msr_entry entries[0];
635  };
636
637  struct kvm_msr_entry {
638	__u32 index;
639	__u32 reserved;
640	__u64 data;
641  };
642
643Application code should set the 'nmsrs' member (which indicates the
644size of the entries array) and the 'index' member of each array entry.
645kvm will fill in the 'data' member.
646
647
6484.19 KVM_SET_MSRS
649-----------------
650
651:Capability: basic
652:Architectures: x86
653:Type: vcpu ioctl
654:Parameters: struct kvm_msrs (in)
655:Returns: number of msrs successfully set (see below), -1 on error
656
657Writes model-specific registers to the vcpu.  See KVM_GET_MSRS for the
658data structures.
659
660Application code should set the 'nmsrs' member (which indicates the
661size of the entries array), and the 'index' and 'data' members of each
662array entry.
663
664It tries to set the MSRs in array entries[] one by one. If setting an MSR
665fails, e.g., due to setting reserved bits, the MSR isn't supported/emulated
666by KVM, etc..., it stops processing the MSR list and returns the number of
667MSRs that have been set successfully.
668
669
6704.20 KVM_SET_CPUID
671------------------
672
673:Capability: basic
674:Architectures: x86
675:Type: vcpu ioctl
676:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid (in)
677:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
678
679Defines the vcpu responses to the cpuid instruction.  Applications
680should use the KVM_SET_CPUID2 ioctl if available.
681
682Caveat emptor:
683  - If this IOCTL fails, KVM gives no guarantees that previous valid CPUID
684    configuration (if there is) is not corrupted. Userspace can get a copy
685    of the resulting CPUID configuration through KVM_GET_CPUID2 in case.
686  - Using KVM_SET_CPUID{,2} after KVM_RUN, i.e. changing the guest vCPU model
687    after running the guest, may cause guest instability.
688  - Using heterogeneous CPUID configurations, modulo APIC IDs, topology, etc...
689    may cause guest instability.
690
691::
692
693  struct kvm_cpuid_entry {
694	__u32 function;
695	__u32 eax;
696	__u32 ebx;
697	__u32 ecx;
698	__u32 edx;
699	__u32 padding;
700  };
701
702  /* for KVM_SET_CPUID */
703  struct kvm_cpuid {
704	__u32 nent;
705	__u32 padding;
706	struct kvm_cpuid_entry entries[0];
707  };
708
709
7104.21 KVM_SET_SIGNAL_MASK
711------------------------
712
713:Capability: basic
714:Architectures: all
715:Type: vcpu ioctl
716:Parameters: struct kvm_signal_mask (in)
717:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
718
719Defines which signals are blocked during execution of KVM_RUN.  This
720signal mask temporarily overrides the threads signal mask.  Any
721unblocked signal received (except SIGKILL and SIGSTOP, which retain
722their traditional behaviour) will cause KVM_RUN to return with -EINTR.
723
724Note the signal will only be delivered if not blocked by the original
725signal mask.
726
727::
728
729  /* for KVM_SET_SIGNAL_MASK */
730  struct kvm_signal_mask {
731	__u32 len;
732	__u8  sigset[0];
733  };
734
735
7364.22 KVM_GET_FPU
737----------------
738
739:Capability: basic
740:Architectures: x86
741:Type: vcpu ioctl
742:Parameters: struct kvm_fpu (out)
743:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
744
745Reads the floating point state from the vcpu.
746
747::
748
749  /* for KVM_GET_FPU and KVM_SET_FPU */
750  struct kvm_fpu {
751	__u8  fpr[8][16];
752	__u16 fcw;
753	__u16 fsw;
754	__u8  ftwx;  /* in fxsave format */
755	__u8  pad1;
756	__u16 last_opcode;
757	__u64 last_ip;
758	__u64 last_dp;
759	__u8  xmm[16][16];
760	__u32 mxcsr;
761	__u32 pad2;
762  };
763
764
7654.23 KVM_SET_FPU
766----------------
767
768:Capability: basic
769:Architectures: x86
770:Type: vcpu ioctl
771:Parameters: struct kvm_fpu (in)
772:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
773
774Writes the floating point state to the vcpu.
775
776::
777
778  /* for KVM_GET_FPU and KVM_SET_FPU */
779  struct kvm_fpu {
780	__u8  fpr[8][16];
781	__u16 fcw;
782	__u16 fsw;
783	__u8  ftwx;  /* in fxsave format */
784	__u8  pad1;
785	__u16 last_opcode;
786	__u64 last_ip;
787	__u64 last_dp;
788	__u8  xmm[16][16];
789	__u32 mxcsr;
790	__u32 pad2;
791  };
792
793
7944.24 KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP
795-----------------------
796
797:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP, KVM_CAP_S390_IRQCHIP (s390)
798:Architectures: x86, arm64, s390
799:Type: vm ioctl
800:Parameters: none
801:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
802
803Creates an interrupt controller model in the kernel.
804On x86, creates a virtual ioapic, a virtual PIC (two PICs, nested), and sets up
805future vcpus to have a local APIC.  IRQ routing for GSIs 0-15 is set to both
806PIC and IOAPIC; GSI 16-23 only go to the IOAPIC.
807On arm64, a GICv2 is created. Any other GIC versions require the usage of
808KVM_CREATE_DEVICE, which also supports creating a GICv2.  Using
809KVM_CREATE_DEVICE is preferred over KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP for GICv2.
810On s390, a dummy irq routing table is created.
811
812Note that on s390 the KVM_CAP_S390_IRQCHIP vm capability needs to be enabled
813before KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP can be used.
814
815
8164.25 KVM_IRQ_LINE
817-----------------
818
819:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
820:Architectures: x86, arm64
821:Type: vm ioctl
822:Parameters: struct kvm_irq_level
823:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
824
825Sets the level of a GSI input to the interrupt controller model in the kernel.
826On some architectures it is required that an interrupt controller model has
827been previously created with KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP.  Note that edge-triggered
828interrupts require the level to be set to 1 and then back to 0.
829
830On real hardware, interrupt pins can be active-low or active-high.  This
831does not matter for the level field of struct kvm_irq_level: 1 always
832means active (asserted), 0 means inactive (deasserted).
833
834x86 allows the operating system to program the interrupt polarity
835(active-low/active-high) for level-triggered interrupts, and KVM used
836to consider the polarity.  However, due to bitrot in the handling of
837active-low interrupts, the above convention is now valid on x86 too.
838This is signaled by KVM_CAP_X86_IOAPIC_POLARITY_IGNORED.  Userspace
839should not present interrupts to the guest as active-low unless this
840capability is present (or unless it is not using the in-kernel irqchip,
841of course).
842
843
844arm64 can signal an interrupt either at the CPU level, or at the
845in-kernel irqchip (GIC), and for in-kernel irqchip can tell the GIC to
846use PPIs designated for specific cpus.  The irq field is interpreted
847like this::
848
849  bits:  |  31 ... 28  | 27 ... 24 | 23  ... 16 | 15 ... 0 |
850  field: | vcpu2_index | irq_type  | vcpu_index |  irq_id  |
851
852The irq_type field has the following values:
853
854- irq_type[0]:
855	       out-of-kernel GIC: irq_id 0 is IRQ, irq_id 1 is FIQ
856- irq_type[1]:
857	       in-kernel GIC: SPI, irq_id between 32 and 1019 (incl.)
858               (the vcpu_index field is ignored)
859- irq_type[2]:
860	       in-kernel GIC: PPI, irq_id between 16 and 31 (incl.)
861
862(The irq_id field thus corresponds nicely to the IRQ ID in the ARM GIC specs)
863
864In both cases, level is used to assert/deassert the line.
865
866When KVM_CAP_ARM_IRQ_LINE_LAYOUT_2 is supported, the target vcpu is
867identified as (256 * vcpu2_index + vcpu_index). Otherwise, vcpu2_index
868must be zero.
869
870Note that on arm64, the KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP capability only conditions
871injection of interrupts for the in-kernel irqchip. KVM_IRQ_LINE can always
872be used for a userspace interrupt controller.
873
874::
875
876  struct kvm_irq_level {
877	union {
878		__u32 irq;     /* GSI */
879		__s32 status;  /* not used for KVM_IRQ_LEVEL */
880	};
881	__u32 level;           /* 0 or 1 */
882  };
883
884
8854.26 KVM_GET_IRQCHIP
886--------------------
887
888:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
889:Architectures: x86
890:Type: vm ioctl
891:Parameters: struct kvm_irqchip (in/out)
892:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
893
894Reads the state of a kernel interrupt controller created with
895KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP into a buffer provided by the caller.
896
897::
898
899  struct kvm_irqchip {
900	__u32 chip_id;  /* 0 = PIC1, 1 = PIC2, 2 = IOAPIC */
901	__u32 pad;
902        union {
903		char dummy[512];  /* reserving space */
904		struct kvm_pic_state pic;
905		struct kvm_ioapic_state ioapic;
906	} chip;
907  };
908
909
9104.27 KVM_SET_IRQCHIP
911--------------------
912
913:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
914:Architectures: x86
915:Type: vm ioctl
916:Parameters: struct kvm_irqchip (in)
917:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
918
919Sets the state of a kernel interrupt controller created with
920KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP from a buffer provided by the caller.
921
922::
923
924  struct kvm_irqchip {
925	__u32 chip_id;  /* 0 = PIC1, 1 = PIC2, 2 = IOAPIC */
926	__u32 pad;
927        union {
928		char dummy[512];  /* reserving space */
929		struct kvm_pic_state pic;
930		struct kvm_ioapic_state ioapic;
931	} chip;
932  };
933
934
9354.28 KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG
936-----------------------
937
938:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM
939:Architectures: x86
940:Type: vm ioctl
941:Parameters: struct kvm_xen_hvm_config (in)
942:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
943
944Sets the MSR that the Xen HVM guest uses to initialize its hypercall
945page, and provides the starting address and size of the hypercall
946blobs in userspace.  When the guest writes the MSR, kvm copies one
947page of a blob (32- or 64-bit, depending on the vcpu mode) to guest
948memory.
949
950::
951
952  struct kvm_xen_hvm_config {
953	__u32 flags;
954	__u32 msr;
955	__u64 blob_addr_32;
956	__u64 blob_addr_64;
957	__u8 blob_size_32;
958	__u8 blob_size_64;
959	__u8 pad2[30];
960  };
961
962If certain flags are returned from the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM check, they may
963be set in the flags field of this ioctl:
964
965The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_INTERCEPT_HCALL flag requests KVM to generate
966the contents of the hypercall page automatically; hypercalls will be
967intercepted and passed to userspace through KVM_EXIT_XEN.  In this
968ase, all of the blob size and address fields must be zero.
969
970The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND flag indicates to KVM that userspace
971will always use the KVM_XEN_HVM_EVTCHN_SEND ioctl to deliver event
972channel interrupts rather than manipulating the guest's shared_info
973structures directly. This, in turn, may allow KVM to enable features
974such as intercepting the SCHEDOP_poll hypercall to accelerate PV
975spinlock operation for the guest. Userspace may still use the ioctl
976to deliver events if it was advertised, even if userspace does not
977send this indication that it will always do so
978
979No other flags are currently valid in the struct kvm_xen_hvm_config.
980
9814.29 KVM_GET_CLOCK
982------------------
983
984:Capability: KVM_CAP_ADJUST_CLOCK
985:Architectures: x86
986:Type: vm ioctl
987:Parameters: struct kvm_clock_data (out)
988:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
989
990Gets the current timestamp of kvmclock as seen by the current guest. In
991conjunction with KVM_SET_CLOCK, it is used to ensure monotonicity on scenarios
992such as migration.
993
994When KVM_CAP_ADJUST_CLOCK is passed to KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION, it returns the
995set of bits that KVM can return in struct kvm_clock_data's flag member.
996
997The following flags are defined:
998
999KVM_CLOCK_TSC_STABLE
1000  If set, the returned value is the exact kvmclock
1001  value seen by all VCPUs at the instant when KVM_GET_CLOCK was called.
1002  If clear, the returned value is simply CLOCK_MONOTONIC plus a constant
1003  offset; the offset can be modified with KVM_SET_CLOCK.  KVM will try
1004  to make all VCPUs follow this clock, but the exact value read by each
1005  VCPU could differ, because the host TSC is not stable.
1006
1007KVM_CLOCK_REALTIME
1008  If set, the `realtime` field in the kvm_clock_data
1009  structure is populated with the value of the host's real time
1010  clocksource at the instant when KVM_GET_CLOCK was called. If clear,
1011  the `realtime` field does not contain a value.
1012
1013KVM_CLOCK_HOST_TSC
1014  If set, the `host_tsc` field in the kvm_clock_data
1015  structure is populated with the value of the host's timestamp counter (TSC)
1016  at the instant when KVM_GET_CLOCK was called. If clear, the `host_tsc` field
1017  does not contain a value.
1018
1019::
1020
1021  struct kvm_clock_data {
1022	__u64 clock;  /* kvmclock current value */
1023	__u32 flags;
1024	__u32 pad0;
1025	__u64 realtime;
1026	__u64 host_tsc;
1027	__u32 pad[4];
1028  };
1029
1030
10314.30 KVM_SET_CLOCK
1032------------------
1033
1034:Capability: KVM_CAP_ADJUST_CLOCK
1035:Architectures: x86
1036:Type: vm ioctl
1037:Parameters: struct kvm_clock_data (in)
1038:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1039
1040Sets the current timestamp of kvmclock to the value specified in its parameter.
1041In conjunction with KVM_GET_CLOCK, it is used to ensure monotonicity on scenarios
1042such as migration.
1043
1044The following flags can be passed:
1045
1046KVM_CLOCK_REALTIME
1047  If set, KVM will compare the value of the `realtime` field
1048  with the value of the host's real time clocksource at the instant when
1049  KVM_SET_CLOCK was called. The difference in elapsed time is added to the final
1050  kvmclock value that will be provided to guests.
1051
1052Other flags returned by ``KVM_GET_CLOCK`` are accepted but ignored.
1053
1054::
1055
1056  struct kvm_clock_data {
1057	__u64 clock;  /* kvmclock current value */
1058	__u32 flags;
1059	__u32 pad0;
1060	__u64 realtime;
1061	__u64 host_tsc;
1062	__u32 pad[4];
1063  };
1064
1065
10664.31 KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS
1067------------------------
1068
1069:Capability: KVM_CAP_VCPU_EVENTS
1070:Extended by: KVM_CAP_INTR_SHADOW
1071:Architectures: x86, arm64
1072:Type: vcpu ioctl
1073:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_event (out)
1074:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1075
1076X86:
1077^^^^
1078
1079Gets currently pending exceptions, interrupts, and NMIs as well as related
1080states of the vcpu.
1081
1082::
1083
1084  struct kvm_vcpu_events {
1085	struct {
1086		__u8 injected;
1087		__u8 nr;
1088		__u8 has_error_code;
1089		__u8 pending;
1090		__u32 error_code;
1091	} exception;
1092	struct {
1093		__u8 injected;
1094		__u8 nr;
1095		__u8 soft;
1096		__u8 shadow;
1097	} interrupt;
1098	struct {
1099		__u8 injected;
1100		__u8 pending;
1101		__u8 masked;
1102		__u8 pad;
1103	} nmi;
1104	__u32 sipi_vector;
1105	__u32 flags;
1106	struct {
1107		__u8 smm;
1108		__u8 pending;
1109		__u8 smm_inside_nmi;
1110		__u8 latched_init;
1111	} smi;
1112	__u8 reserved[27];
1113	__u8 exception_has_payload;
1114	__u64 exception_payload;
1115  };
1116
1117The following bits are defined in the flags field:
1118
1119- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SHADOW may be set to signal that
1120  interrupt.shadow contains a valid state.
1121
1122- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SMM may be set to signal that smi contains a
1123  valid state.
1124
1125- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_PAYLOAD may be set to signal that the
1126  exception_has_payload, exception_payload, and exception.pending
1127  fields contain a valid state. This bit will be set whenever
1128  KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD is enabled.
1129
1130- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_TRIPLE_FAULT may be set to signal that the
1131  triple_fault_pending field contains a valid state. This bit will
1132  be set whenever KVM_CAP_X86_TRIPLE_FAULT_EVENT is enabled.
1133
1134ARM64:
1135^^^^^^
1136
1137If the guest accesses a device that is being emulated by the host kernel in
1138such a way that a real device would generate a physical SError, KVM may make
1139a virtual SError pending for that VCPU. This system error interrupt remains
1140pending until the guest takes the exception by unmasking PSTATE.A.
1141
1142Running the VCPU may cause it to take a pending SError, or make an access that
1143causes an SError to become pending. The event's description is only valid while
1144the VPCU is not running.
1145
1146This API provides a way to read and write the pending 'event' state that is not
1147visible to the guest. To save, restore or migrate a VCPU the struct representing
1148the state can be read then written using this GET/SET API, along with the other
1149guest-visible registers. It is not possible to 'cancel' an SError that has been
1150made pending.
1151
1152A device being emulated in user-space may also wish to generate an SError. To do
1153this the events structure can be populated by user-space. The current state
1154should be read first, to ensure no existing SError is pending. If an existing
1155SError is pending, the architecture's 'Multiple SError interrupts' rules should
1156be followed. (2.5.3 of DDI0587.a "ARM Reliability, Availability, and
1157Serviceability (RAS) Specification").
1158
1159SError exceptions always have an ESR value. Some CPUs have the ability to
1160specify what the virtual SError's ESR value should be. These systems will
1161advertise KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_SERROR_ESR. In this case exception.has_esr will
1162always have a non-zero value when read, and the agent making an SError pending
1163should specify the ISS field in the lower 24 bits of exception.serror_esr. If
1164the system supports KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_SERROR_ESR, but user-space sets the events
1165with exception.has_esr as zero, KVM will choose an ESR.
1166
1167Specifying exception.has_esr on a system that does not support it will return
1168-EINVAL. Setting anything other than the lower 24bits of exception.serror_esr
1169will return -EINVAL.
1170
1171It is not possible to read back a pending external abort (injected via
1172KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS or otherwise) because such an exception is always delivered
1173directly to the virtual CPU).
1174
1175::
1176
1177  struct kvm_vcpu_events {
1178	struct {
1179		__u8 serror_pending;
1180		__u8 serror_has_esr;
1181		__u8 ext_dabt_pending;
1182		/* Align it to 8 bytes */
1183		__u8 pad[5];
1184		__u64 serror_esr;
1185	} exception;
1186	__u32 reserved[12];
1187  };
1188
11894.32 KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS
1190------------------------
1191
1192:Capability: KVM_CAP_VCPU_EVENTS
1193:Extended by: KVM_CAP_INTR_SHADOW
1194:Architectures: x86, arm64
1195:Type: vcpu ioctl
1196:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_event (in)
1197:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1198
1199X86:
1200^^^^
1201
1202Set pending exceptions, interrupts, and NMIs as well as related states of the
1203vcpu.
1204
1205See KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS for the data structure.
1206
1207Fields that may be modified asynchronously by running VCPUs can be excluded
1208from the update. These fields are nmi.pending, sipi_vector, smi.smm,
1209smi.pending. Keep the corresponding bits in the flags field cleared to
1210suppress overwriting the current in-kernel state. The bits are:
1211
1212===============================  ==================================
1213KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_NMI_PENDING  transfer nmi.pending to the kernel
1214KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SIPI_VECTOR  transfer sipi_vector
1215KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SMM          transfer the smi sub-struct.
1216===============================  ==================================
1217
1218If KVM_CAP_INTR_SHADOW is available, KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SHADOW can be set in
1219the flags field to signal that interrupt.shadow contains a valid state and
1220shall be written into the VCPU.
1221
1222KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SMM can only be set if KVM_CAP_X86_SMM is available.
1223
1224If KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD is enabled, KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_PAYLOAD
1225can be set in the flags field to signal that the
1226exception_has_payload, exception_payload, and exception.pending fields
1227contain a valid state and shall be written into the VCPU.
1228
1229If KVM_CAP_X86_TRIPLE_FAULT_EVENT is enabled, KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_TRIPLE_FAULT
1230can be set in flags field to signal that the triple_fault field contains
1231a valid state and shall be written into the VCPU.
1232
1233ARM64:
1234^^^^^^
1235
1236User space may need to inject several types of events to the guest.
1237
1238Set the pending SError exception state for this VCPU. It is not possible to
1239'cancel' an Serror that has been made pending.
1240
1241If the guest performed an access to I/O memory which could not be handled by
1242userspace, for example because of missing instruction syndrome decode
1243information or because there is no device mapped at the accessed IPA, then
1244userspace can ask the kernel to inject an external abort using the address
1245from the exiting fault on the VCPU. It is a programming error to set
1246ext_dabt_pending after an exit which was not either KVM_EXIT_MMIO or
1247KVM_EXIT_ARM_NISV. This feature is only available if the system supports
1248KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_EXT_DABT. This is a helper which provides commonality in
1249how userspace reports accesses for the above cases to guests, across different
1250userspace implementations. Nevertheless, userspace can still emulate all Arm
1251exceptions by manipulating individual registers using the KVM_SET_ONE_REG API.
1252
1253See KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS for the data structure.
1254
1255
12564.33 KVM_GET_DEBUGREGS
1257----------------------
1258
1259:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEBUGREGS
1260:Architectures: x86
1261:Type: vm ioctl
1262:Parameters: struct kvm_debugregs (out)
1263:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1264
1265Reads debug registers from the vcpu.
1266
1267::
1268
1269  struct kvm_debugregs {
1270	__u64 db[4];
1271	__u64 dr6;
1272	__u64 dr7;
1273	__u64 flags;
1274	__u64 reserved[9];
1275  };
1276
1277
12784.34 KVM_SET_DEBUGREGS
1279----------------------
1280
1281:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEBUGREGS
1282:Architectures: x86
1283:Type: vm ioctl
1284:Parameters: struct kvm_debugregs (in)
1285:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1286
1287Writes debug registers into the vcpu.
1288
1289See KVM_GET_DEBUGREGS for the data structure. The flags field is unused
1290yet and must be cleared on entry.
1291
1292
12934.35 KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION
1294-------------------------------
1295
1296:Capability: KVM_CAP_USER_MEMORY
1297:Architectures: all
1298:Type: vm ioctl
1299:Parameters: struct kvm_userspace_memory_region (in)
1300:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1301
1302::
1303
1304  struct kvm_userspace_memory_region {
1305	__u32 slot;
1306	__u32 flags;
1307	__u64 guest_phys_addr;
1308	__u64 memory_size; /* bytes */
1309	__u64 userspace_addr; /* start of the userspace allocated memory */
1310  };
1311
1312  /* for kvm_userspace_memory_region::flags */
1313  #define KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES	(1UL << 0)
1314  #define KVM_MEM_READONLY	(1UL << 1)
1315
1316This ioctl allows the user to create, modify or delete a guest physical
1317memory slot.  Bits 0-15 of "slot" specify the slot id and this value
1318should be less than the maximum number of user memory slots supported per
1319VM.  The maximum allowed slots can be queried using KVM_CAP_NR_MEMSLOTS.
1320Slots may not overlap in guest physical address space.
1321
1322If KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE is available, bits 16-31 of "slot"
1323specifies the address space which is being modified.  They must be
1324less than the value that KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION returns for the
1325KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE capability.  Slots in separate address spaces
1326are unrelated; the restriction on overlapping slots only applies within
1327each address space.
1328
1329Deleting a slot is done by passing zero for memory_size.  When changing
1330an existing slot, it may be moved in the guest physical memory space,
1331or its flags may be modified, but it may not be resized.
1332
1333Memory for the region is taken starting at the address denoted by the
1334field userspace_addr, which must point at user addressable memory for
1335the entire memory slot size.  Any object may back this memory, including
1336anonymous memory, ordinary files, and hugetlbfs.
1337
1338On architectures that support a form of address tagging, userspace_addr must
1339be an untagged address.
1340
1341It is recommended that the lower 21 bits of guest_phys_addr and userspace_addr
1342be identical.  This allows large pages in the guest to be backed by large
1343pages in the host.
1344
1345The flags field supports two flags: KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES and
1346KVM_MEM_READONLY.  The former can be set to instruct KVM to keep track of
1347writes to memory within the slot.  See KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG ioctl to know how to
1348use it.  The latter can be set, if KVM_CAP_READONLY_MEM capability allows it,
1349to make a new slot read-only.  In this case, writes to this memory will be
1350posted to userspace as KVM_EXIT_MMIO exits.
1351
1352When the KVM_CAP_SYNC_MMU capability is available, changes in the backing of
1353the memory region are automatically reflected into the guest.  For example, an
1354mmap() that affects the region will be made visible immediately.  Another
1355example is madvise(MADV_DROP).
1356
1357
13584.36 KVM_SET_TSS_ADDR
1359---------------------
1360
1361:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_TSS_ADDR
1362:Architectures: x86
1363:Type: vm ioctl
1364:Parameters: unsigned long tss_address (in)
1365:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1366
1367This ioctl defines the physical address of a three-page region in the guest
1368physical address space.  The region must be within the first 4GB of the
1369guest physical address space and must not conflict with any memory slot
1370or any mmio address.  The guest may malfunction if it accesses this memory
1371region.
1372
1373This ioctl is required on Intel-based hosts.  This is needed on Intel hardware
1374because of a quirk in the virtualization implementation (see the internals
1375documentation when it pops into existence).
1376
1377
13784.37 KVM_ENABLE_CAP
1379-------------------
1380
1381:Capability: KVM_CAP_ENABLE_CAP
1382:Architectures: mips, ppc, s390, x86
1383:Type: vcpu ioctl
1384:Parameters: struct kvm_enable_cap (in)
1385:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1386
1387:Capability: KVM_CAP_ENABLE_CAP_VM
1388:Architectures: all
1389:Type: vm ioctl
1390:Parameters: struct kvm_enable_cap (in)
1391:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1392
1393.. note::
1394
1395   Not all extensions are enabled by default. Using this ioctl the application
1396   can enable an extension, making it available to the guest.
1397
1398On systems that do not support this ioctl, it always fails. On systems that
1399do support it, it only works for extensions that are supported for enablement.
1400
1401To check if a capability can be enabled, the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl should
1402be used.
1403
1404::
1405
1406  struct kvm_enable_cap {
1407       /* in */
1408       __u32 cap;
1409
1410The capability that is supposed to get enabled.
1411
1412::
1413
1414       __u32 flags;
1415
1416A bitfield indicating future enhancements. Has to be 0 for now.
1417
1418::
1419
1420       __u64 args[4];
1421
1422Arguments for enabling a feature. If a feature needs initial values to
1423function properly, this is the place to put them.
1424
1425::
1426
1427       __u8  pad[64];
1428  };
1429
1430The vcpu ioctl should be used for vcpu-specific capabilities, the vm ioctl
1431for vm-wide capabilities.
1432
14334.38 KVM_GET_MP_STATE
1434---------------------
1435
1436:Capability: KVM_CAP_MP_STATE
1437:Architectures: x86, s390, arm64, riscv
1438:Type: vcpu ioctl
1439:Parameters: struct kvm_mp_state (out)
1440:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1441
1442::
1443
1444  struct kvm_mp_state {
1445	__u32 mp_state;
1446  };
1447
1448Returns the vcpu's current "multiprocessing state" (though also valid on
1449uniprocessor guests).
1450
1451Possible values are:
1452
1453   ==========================    ===============================================
1454   KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE         the vcpu is currently running
1455                                 [x86,arm64,riscv]
1456   KVM_MP_STATE_UNINITIALIZED    the vcpu is an application processor (AP)
1457                                 which has not yet received an INIT signal [x86]
1458   KVM_MP_STATE_INIT_RECEIVED    the vcpu has received an INIT signal, and is
1459                                 now ready for a SIPI [x86]
1460   KVM_MP_STATE_HALTED           the vcpu has executed a HLT instruction and
1461                                 is waiting for an interrupt [x86]
1462   KVM_MP_STATE_SIPI_RECEIVED    the vcpu has just received a SIPI (vector
1463                                 accessible via KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS) [x86]
1464   KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED          the vcpu is stopped [s390,arm64,riscv]
1465   KVM_MP_STATE_CHECK_STOP       the vcpu is in a special error state [s390]
1466   KVM_MP_STATE_OPERATING        the vcpu is operating (running or halted)
1467                                 [s390]
1468   KVM_MP_STATE_LOAD             the vcpu is in a special load/startup state
1469                                 [s390]
1470   KVM_MP_STATE_SUSPENDED        the vcpu is in a suspend state and is waiting
1471                                 for a wakeup event [arm64]
1472   ==========================    ===============================================
1473
1474On x86, this ioctl is only useful after KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP. Without an
1475in-kernel irqchip, the multiprocessing state must be maintained by userspace on
1476these architectures.
1477
1478For arm64:
1479^^^^^^^^^^
1480
1481If a vCPU is in the KVM_MP_STATE_SUSPENDED state, KVM will emulate the
1482architectural execution of a WFI instruction.
1483
1484If a wakeup event is recognized, KVM will exit to userspace with a
1485KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT exit, where the event type is KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_WAKEUP. If
1486userspace wants to honor the wakeup, it must set the vCPU's MP state to
1487KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE. If it does not, KVM will continue to await a wakeup
1488event in subsequent calls to KVM_RUN.
1489
1490.. warning::
1491
1492     If userspace intends to keep the vCPU in a SUSPENDED state, it is
1493     strongly recommended that userspace take action to suppress the
1494     wakeup event (such as masking an interrupt). Otherwise, subsequent
1495     calls to KVM_RUN will immediately exit with a KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_WAKEUP
1496     event and inadvertently waste CPU cycles.
1497
1498     Additionally, if userspace takes action to suppress a wakeup event,
1499     it is strongly recommended that it also restores the vCPU to its
1500     original state when the vCPU is made RUNNABLE again. For example,
1501     if userspace masked a pending interrupt to suppress the wakeup,
1502     the interrupt should be unmasked before returning control to the
1503     guest.
1504
1505For riscv:
1506^^^^^^^^^^
1507
1508The only states that are valid are KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED and
1509KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE which reflect if the vcpu is paused or not.
1510
15114.39 KVM_SET_MP_STATE
1512---------------------
1513
1514:Capability: KVM_CAP_MP_STATE
1515:Architectures: x86, s390, arm64, riscv
1516:Type: vcpu ioctl
1517:Parameters: struct kvm_mp_state (in)
1518:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1519
1520Sets the vcpu's current "multiprocessing state"; see KVM_GET_MP_STATE for
1521arguments.
1522
1523On x86, this ioctl is only useful after KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP. Without an
1524in-kernel irqchip, the multiprocessing state must be maintained by userspace on
1525these architectures.
1526
1527For arm64/riscv:
1528^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
1529
1530The only states that are valid are KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED and
1531KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE which reflect if the vcpu should be paused or not.
1532
15334.40 KVM_SET_IDENTITY_MAP_ADDR
1534------------------------------
1535
1536:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_IDENTITY_MAP_ADDR
1537:Architectures: x86
1538:Type: vm ioctl
1539:Parameters: unsigned long identity (in)
1540:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1541
1542This ioctl defines the physical address of a one-page region in the guest
1543physical address space.  The region must be within the first 4GB of the
1544guest physical address space and must not conflict with any memory slot
1545or any mmio address.  The guest may malfunction if it accesses this memory
1546region.
1547
1548Setting the address to 0 will result in resetting the address to its default
1549(0xfffbc000).
1550
1551This ioctl is required on Intel-based hosts.  This is needed on Intel hardware
1552because of a quirk in the virtualization implementation (see the internals
1553documentation when it pops into existence).
1554
1555Fails if any VCPU has already been created.
1556
15574.41 KVM_SET_BOOT_CPU_ID
1558------------------------
1559
1560:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_BOOT_CPU_ID
1561:Architectures: x86
1562:Type: vm ioctl
1563:Parameters: unsigned long vcpu_id
1564:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1565
1566Define which vcpu is the Bootstrap Processor (BSP).  Values are the same
1567as the vcpu id in KVM_CREATE_VCPU.  If this ioctl is not called, the default
1568is vcpu 0. This ioctl has to be called before vcpu creation,
1569otherwise it will return EBUSY error.
1570
1571
15724.42 KVM_GET_XSAVE
1573------------------
1574
1575:Capability: KVM_CAP_XSAVE
1576:Architectures: x86
1577:Type: vcpu ioctl
1578:Parameters: struct kvm_xsave (out)
1579:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1580
1581
1582::
1583
1584  struct kvm_xsave {
1585	__u32 region[1024];
1586	__u32 extra[0];
1587  };
1588
1589This ioctl would copy current vcpu's xsave struct to the userspace.
1590
1591
15924.43 KVM_SET_XSAVE
1593------------------
1594
1595:Capability: KVM_CAP_XSAVE and KVM_CAP_XSAVE2
1596:Architectures: x86
1597:Type: vcpu ioctl
1598:Parameters: struct kvm_xsave (in)
1599:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1600
1601::
1602
1603
1604  struct kvm_xsave {
1605	__u32 region[1024];
1606	__u32 extra[0];
1607  };
1608
1609This ioctl would copy userspace's xsave struct to the kernel. It copies
1610as many bytes as are returned by KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_XSAVE2),
1611when invoked on the vm file descriptor. The size value returned by
1612KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_XSAVE2) will always be at least 4096.
1613Currently, it is only greater than 4096 if a dynamic feature has been
1614enabled with ``arch_prctl()``, but this may change in the future.
1615
1616The offsets of the state save areas in struct kvm_xsave follow the
1617contents of CPUID leaf 0xD on the host.
1618
1619
16204.44 KVM_GET_XCRS
1621-----------------
1622
1623:Capability: KVM_CAP_XCRS
1624:Architectures: x86
1625:Type: vcpu ioctl
1626:Parameters: struct kvm_xcrs (out)
1627:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1628
1629::
1630
1631  struct kvm_xcr {
1632	__u32 xcr;
1633	__u32 reserved;
1634	__u64 value;
1635  };
1636
1637  struct kvm_xcrs {
1638	__u32 nr_xcrs;
1639	__u32 flags;
1640	struct kvm_xcr xcrs[KVM_MAX_XCRS];
1641	__u64 padding[16];
1642  };
1643
1644This ioctl would copy current vcpu's xcrs to the userspace.
1645
1646
16474.45 KVM_SET_XCRS
1648-----------------
1649
1650:Capability: KVM_CAP_XCRS
1651:Architectures: x86
1652:Type: vcpu ioctl
1653:Parameters: struct kvm_xcrs (in)
1654:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1655
1656::
1657
1658  struct kvm_xcr {
1659	__u32 xcr;
1660	__u32 reserved;
1661	__u64 value;
1662  };
1663
1664  struct kvm_xcrs {
1665	__u32 nr_xcrs;
1666	__u32 flags;
1667	struct kvm_xcr xcrs[KVM_MAX_XCRS];
1668	__u64 padding[16];
1669  };
1670
1671This ioctl would set vcpu's xcr to the value userspace specified.
1672
1673
16744.46 KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID
1675----------------------------
1676
1677:Capability: KVM_CAP_EXT_CPUID
1678:Architectures: x86
1679:Type: system ioctl
1680:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid2 (in/out)
1681:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1682
1683::
1684
1685  struct kvm_cpuid2 {
1686	__u32 nent;
1687	__u32 padding;
1688	struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 entries[0];
1689  };
1690
1691  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX		BIT(0)
1692  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATEFUL_FUNC		BIT(1) /* deprecated */
1693  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATE_READ_NEXT		BIT(2) /* deprecated */
1694
1695  struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 {
1696	__u32 function;
1697	__u32 index;
1698	__u32 flags;
1699	__u32 eax;
1700	__u32 ebx;
1701	__u32 ecx;
1702	__u32 edx;
1703	__u32 padding[3];
1704  };
1705
1706This ioctl returns x86 cpuid features which are supported by both the
1707hardware and kvm in its default configuration.  Userspace can use the
1708information returned by this ioctl to construct cpuid information (for
1709KVM_SET_CPUID2) that is consistent with hardware, kernel, and
1710userspace capabilities, and with user requirements (for example, the
1711user may wish to constrain cpuid to emulate older hardware, or for
1712feature consistency across a cluster).
1713
1714Dynamically-enabled feature bits need to be requested with
1715``arch_prctl()`` before calling this ioctl. Feature bits that have not
1716been requested are excluded from the result.
1717
1718Note that certain capabilities, such as KVM_CAP_X86_DISABLE_EXITS, may
1719expose cpuid features (e.g. MONITOR) which are not supported by kvm in
1720its default configuration. If userspace enables such capabilities, it
1721is responsible for modifying the results of this ioctl appropriately.
1722
1723Userspace invokes KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID by passing a kvm_cpuid2 structure
1724with the 'nent' field indicating the number of entries in the variable-size
1725array 'entries'.  If the number of entries is too low to describe the cpu
1726capabilities, an error (E2BIG) is returned.  If the number is too high,
1727the 'nent' field is adjusted and an error (ENOMEM) is returned.  If the
1728number is just right, the 'nent' field is adjusted to the number of valid
1729entries in the 'entries' array, which is then filled.
1730
1731The entries returned are the host cpuid as returned by the cpuid instruction,
1732with unknown or unsupported features masked out.  Some features (for example,
1733x2apic), may not be present in the host cpu, but are exposed by kvm if it can
1734emulate them efficiently. The fields in each entry are defined as follows:
1735
1736  function:
1737         the eax value used to obtain the entry
1738
1739  index:
1740         the ecx value used to obtain the entry (for entries that are
1741         affected by ecx)
1742
1743  flags:
1744     an OR of zero or more of the following:
1745
1746        KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX:
1747           if the index field is valid
1748
1749   eax, ebx, ecx, edx:
1750         the values returned by the cpuid instruction for
1751         this function/index combination
1752
1753The TSC deadline timer feature (CPUID leaf 1, ecx[24]) is always returned
1754as false, since the feature depends on KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP for local APIC
1755support.  Instead it is reported via::
1756
1757  ioctl(KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION, KVM_CAP_TSC_DEADLINE_TIMER)
1758
1759if that returns true and you use KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, or if you emulate the
1760feature in userspace, then you can enable the feature for KVM_SET_CPUID2.
1761
1762
17634.47 KVM_PPC_GET_PVINFO
1764-----------------------
1765
1766:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_GET_PVINFO
1767:Architectures: ppc
1768:Type: vm ioctl
1769:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_pvinfo (out)
1770:Returns: 0 on success, !0 on error
1771
1772::
1773
1774  struct kvm_ppc_pvinfo {
1775	__u32 flags;
1776	__u32 hcall[4];
1777	__u8  pad[108];
1778  };
1779
1780This ioctl fetches PV specific information that need to be passed to the guest
1781using the device tree or other means from vm context.
1782
1783The hcall array defines 4 instructions that make up a hypercall.
1784
1785If any additional field gets added to this structure later on, a bit for that
1786additional piece of information will be set in the flags bitmap.
1787
1788The flags bitmap is defined as::
1789
1790   /* the host supports the ePAPR idle hcall
1791   #define KVM_PPC_PVINFO_FLAGS_EV_IDLE   (1<<0)
1792
17934.52 KVM_SET_GSI_ROUTING
1794------------------------
1795
1796:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQ_ROUTING
1797:Architectures: x86 s390 arm64
1798:Type: vm ioctl
1799:Parameters: struct kvm_irq_routing (in)
1800:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1801
1802Sets the GSI routing table entries, overwriting any previously set entries.
1803
1804On arm64, GSI routing has the following limitation:
1805
1806- GSI routing does not apply to KVM_IRQ_LINE but only to KVM_IRQFD.
1807
1808::
1809
1810  struct kvm_irq_routing {
1811	__u32 nr;
1812	__u32 flags;
1813	struct kvm_irq_routing_entry entries[0];
1814  };
1815
1816No flags are specified so far, the corresponding field must be set to zero.
1817
1818::
1819
1820  struct kvm_irq_routing_entry {
1821	__u32 gsi;
1822	__u32 type;
1823	__u32 flags;
1824	__u32 pad;
1825	union {
1826		struct kvm_irq_routing_irqchip irqchip;
1827		struct kvm_irq_routing_msi msi;
1828		struct kvm_irq_routing_s390_adapter adapter;
1829		struct kvm_irq_routing_hv_sint hv_sint;
1830		struct kvm_irq_routing_xen_evtchn xen_evtchn;
1831		__u32 pad[8];
1832	} u;
1833  };
1834
1835  /* gsi routing entry types */
1836  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_IRQCHIP 1
1837  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI 2
1838  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_S390_ADAPTER 3
1839  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_HV_SINT 4
1840  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_XEN_EVTCHN 5
1841
1842flags:
1843
1844- KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID: used along with KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI routing entry
1845  type, specifies that the devid field contains a valid value.  The per-VM
1846  KVM_CAP_MSI_DEVID capability advertises the requirement to provide
1847  the device ID.  If this capability is not available, userspace should
1848  never set the KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID flag as the ioctl might fail.
1849- zero otherwise
1850
1851::
1852
1853  struct kvm_irq_routing_irqchip {
1854	__u32 irqchip;
1855	__u32 pin;
1856  };
1857
1858  struct kvm_irq_routing_msi {
1859	__u32 address_lo;
1860	__u32 address_hi;
1861	__u32 data;
1862	union {
1863		__u32 pad;
1864		__u32 devid;
1865	};
1866  };
1867
1868If KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID is set, devid contains a unique device identifier
1869for the device that wrote the MSI message.  For PCI, this is usually a
1870BFD identifier in the lower 16 bits.
1871
1872On x86, address_hi is ignored unless the KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS
1873feature of KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API capability is enabled.  If it is enabled,
1874address_hi bits 31-8 provide bits 31-8 of the destination id.  Bits 7-0 of
1875address_hi must be zero.
1876
1877::
1878
1879  struct kvm_irq_routing_s390_adapter {
1880	__u64 ind_addr;
1881	__u64 summary_addr;
1882	__u64 ind_offset;
1883	__u32 summary_offset;
1884	__u32 adapter_id;
1885  };
1886
1887  struct kvm_irq_routing_hv_sint {
1888	__u32 vcpu;
1889	__u32 sint;
1890  };
1891
1892  struct kvm_irq_routing_xen_evtchn {
1893	__u32 port;
1894	__u32 vcpu;
1895	__u32 priority;
1896  };
1897
1898
1899When KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM includes the KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_2LEVEL bit
1900in its indication of supported features, routing to Xen event channels
1901is supported. Although the priority field is present, only the value
1902KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_2LEVEL is supported, which means delivery by
19032 level event channels. FIFO event channel support may be added in
1904the future.
1905
1906
19074.55 KVM_SET_TSC_KHZ
1908--------------------
1909
1910:Capability: KVM_CAP_TSC_CONTROL / KVM_CAP_VM_TSC_CONTROL
1911:Architectures: x86
1912:Type: vcpu ioctl / vm ioctl
1913:Parameters: virtual tsc_khz
1914:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1915
1916Specifies the tsc frequency for the virtual machine. The unit of the
1917frequency is KHz.
1918
1919If the KVM_CAP_VM_TSC_CONTROL capability is advertised, this can also
1920be used as a vm ioctl to set the initial tsc frequency of subsequently
1921created vCPUs.
1922
19234.56 KVM_GET_TSC_KHZ
1924--------------------
1925
1926:Capability: KVM_CAP_GET_TSC_KHZ / KVM_CAP_VM_TSC_CONTROL
1927:Architectures: x86
1928:Type: vcpu ioctl / vm ioctl
1929:Parameters: none
1930:Returns: virtual tsc-khz on success, negative value on error
1931
1932Returns the tsc frequency of the guest. The unit of the return value is
1933KHz. If the host has unstable tsc this ioctl returns -EIO instead as an
1934error.
1935
1936
19374.57 KVM_GET_LAPIC
1938------------------
1939
1940:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
1941:Architectures: x86
1942:Type: vcpu ioctl
1943:Parameters: struct kvm_lapic_state (out)
1944:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1945
1946::
1947
1948  #define KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE 0x400
1949  struct kvm_lapic_state {
1950	char regs[KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE];
1951  };
1952
1953Reads the Local APIC registers and copies them into the input argument.  The
1954data format and layout are the same as documented in the architecture manual.
1955
1956If KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS feature of KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API is
1957enabled, then the format of APIC_ID register depends on the APIC mode
1958(reported by MSR_IA32_APICBASE) of its VCPU.  x2APIC stores APIC ID in
1959the APIC_ID register (bytes 32-35).  xAPIC only allows an 8-bit APIC ID
1960which is stored in bits 31-24 of the APIC register, or equivalently in
1961byte 35 of struct kvm_lapic_state's regs field.  KVM_GET_LAPIC must then
1962be called after MSR_IA32_APICBASE has been set with KVM_SET_MSR.
1963
1964If KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS feature is disabled, struct kvm_lapic_state
1965always uses xAPIC format.
1966
1967
19684.58 KVM_SET_LAPIC
1969------------------
1970
1971:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
1972:Architectures: x86
1973:Type: vcpu ioctl
1974:Parameters: struct kvm_lapic_state (in)
1975:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1976
1977::
1978
1979  #define KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE 0x400
1980  struct kvm_lapic_state {
1981	char regs[KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE];
1982  };
1983
1984Copies the input argument into the Local APIC registers.  The data format
1985and layout are the same as documented in the architecture manual.
1986
1987The format of the APIC ID register (bytes 32-35 of struct kvm_lapic_state's
1988regs field) depends on the state of the KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API capability.
1989See the note in KVM_GET_LAPIC.
1990
1991
19924.59 KVM_IOEVENTFD
1993------------------
1994
1995:Capability: KVM_CAP_IOEVENTFD
1996:Architectures: all
1997:Type: vm ioctl
1998:Parameters: struct kvm_ioeventfd (in)
1999:Returns: 0 on success, !0 on error
2000
2001This ioctl attaches or detaches an ioeventfd to a legal pio/mmio address
2002within the guest.  A guest write in the registered address will signal the
2003provided event instead of triggering an exit.
2004
2005::
2006
2007  struct kvm_ioeventfd {
2008	__u64 datamatch;
2009	__u64 addr;        /* legal pio/mmio address */
2010	__u32 len;         /* 0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes    */
2011	__s32 fd;
2012	__u32 flags;
2013	__u8  pad[36];
2014  };
2015
2016For the special case of virtio-ccw devices on s390, the ioevent is matched
2017to a subchannel/virtqueue tuple instead.
2018
2019The following flags are defined::
2020
2021  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_DATAMATCH (1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_datamatch)
2022  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_PIO       (1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_pio)
2023  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_DEASSIGN  (1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_deassign)
2024  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_VIRTIO_CCW_NOTIFY \
2025	(1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_virtio_ccw_notify)
2026
2027If datamatch flag is set, the event will be signaled only if the written value
2028to the registered address is equal to datamatch in struct kvm_ioeventfd.
2029
2030For virtio-ccw devices, addr contains the subchannel id and datamatch the
2031virtqueue index.
2032
2033With KVM_CAP_IOEVENTFD_ANY_LENGTH, a zero length ioeventfd is allowed, and
2034the kernel will ignore the length of guest write and may get a faster vmexit.
2035The speedup may only apply to specific architectures, but the ioeventfd will
2036work anyway.
2037
20384.60 KVM_DIRTY_TLB
2039------------------
2040
2041:Capability: KVM_CAP_SW_TLB
2042:Architectures: ppc
2043:Type: vcpu ioctl
2044:Parameters: struct kvm_dirty_tlb (in)
2045:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2046
2047::
2048
2049  struct kvm_dirty_tlb {
2050	__u64 bitmap;
2051	__u32 num_dirty;
2052  };
2053
2054This must be called whenever userspace has changed an entry in the shared
2055TLB, prior to calling KVM_RUN on the associated vcpu.
2056
2057The "bitmap" field is the userspace address of an array.  This array
2058consists of a number of bits, equal to the total number of TLB entries as
2059determined by the last successful call to KVM_CONFIG_TLB, rounded up to the
2060nearest multiple of 64.
2061
2062Each bit corresponds to one TLB entry, ordered the same as in the shared TLB
2063array.
2064
2065The array is little-endian: the bit 0 is the least significant bit of the
2066first byte, bit 8 is the least significant bit of the second byte, etc.
2067This avoids any complications with differing word sizes.
2068
2069The "num_dirty" field is a performance hint for KVM to determine whether it
2070should skip processing the bitmap and just invalidate everything.  It must
2071be set to the number of set bits in the bitmap.
2072
2073
20744.62 KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE
2075-------------------------
2076
2077:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE
2078:Architectures: powerpc
2079:Type: vm ioctl
2080:Parameters: struct kvm_create_spapr_tce (in)
2081:Returns: file descriptor for manipulating the created TCE table
2082
2083This creates a virtual TCE (translation control entry) table, which
2084is an IOMMU for PAPR-style virtual I/O.  It is used to translate
2085logical addresses used in virtual I/O into guest physical addresses,
2086and provides a scatter/gather capability for PAPR virtual I/O.
2087
2088::
2089
2090  /* for KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE */
2091  struct kvm_create_spapr_tce {
2092	__u64 liobn;
2093	__u32 window_size;
2094  };
2095
2096The liobn field gives the logical IO bus number for which to create a
2097TCE table.  The window_size field specifies the size of the DMA window
2098which this TCE table will translate - the table will contain one 64
2099bit TCE entry for every 4kiB of the DMA window.
2100
2101When the guest issues an H_PUT_TCE hcall on a liobn for which a TCE
2102table has been created using this ioctl(), the kernel will handle it
2103in real mode, updating the TCE table.  H_PUT_TCE calls for other
2104liobns will cause a vm exit and must be handled by userspace.
2105
2106The return value is a file descriptor which can be passed to mmap(2)
2107to map the created TCE table into userspace.  This lets userspace read
2108the entries written by kernel-handled H_PUT_TCE calls, and also lets
2109userspace update the TCE table directly which is useful in some
2110circumstances.
2111
2112
21134.63 KVM_ALLOCATE_RMA
2114---------------------
2115
2116:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RMA
2117:Architectures: powerpc
2118:Type: vm ioctl
2119:Parameters: struct kvm_allocate_rma (out)
2120:Returns: file descriptor for mapping the allocated RMA
2121
2122This allocates a Real Mode Area (RMA) from the pool allocated at boot
2123time by the kernel.  An RMA is a physically-contiguous, aligned region
2124of memory used on older POWER processors to provide the memory which
2125will be accessed by real-mode (MMU off) accesses in a KVM guest.
2126POWER processors support a set of sizes for the RMA that usually
2127includes 64MB, 128MB, 256MB and some larger powers of two.
2128
2129::
2130
2131  /* for KVM_ALLOCATE_RMA */
2132  struct kvm_allocate_rma {
2133	__u64 rma_size;
2134  };
2135
2136The return value is a file descriptor which can be passed to mmap(2)
2137to map the allocated RMA into userspace.  The mapped area can then be
2138passed to the KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION ioctl to establish it as the
2139RMA for a virtual machine.  The size of the RMA in bytes (which is
2140fixed at host kernel boot time) is returned in the rma_size field of
2141the argument structure.
2142
2143The KVM_CAP_PPC_RMA capability is 1 or 2 if the KVM_ALLOCATE_RMA ioctl
2144is supported; 2 if the processor requires all virtual machines to have
2145an RMA, or 1 if the processor can use an RMA but doesn't require it,
2146because it supports the Virtual RMA (VRMA) facility.
2147
2148
21494.64 KVM_NMI
2150------------
2151
2152:Capability: KVM_CAP_USER_NMI
2153:Architectures: x86
2154:Type: vcpu ioctl
2155:Parameters: none
2156:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2157
2158Queues an NMI on the thread's vcpu.  Note this is well defined only
2159when KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP has not been called, since this is an interface
2160between the virtual cpu core and virtual local APIC.  After KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP
2161has been called, this interface is completely emulated within the kernel.
2162
2163To use this to emulate the LINT1 input with KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, use the
2164following algorithm:
2165
2166  - pause the vcpu
2167  - read the local APIC's state (KVM_GET_LAPIC)
2168  - check whether changing LINT1 will queue an NMI (see the LVT entry for LINT1)
2169  - if so, issue KVM_NMI
2170  - resume the vcpu
2171
2172Some guests configure the LINT1 NMI input to cause a panic, aiding in
2173debugging.
2174
2175
21764.65 KVM_S390_UCAS_MAP
2177----------------------
2178
2179:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL
2180:Architectures: s390
2181:Type: vcpu ioctl
2182:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping (in)
2183:Returns: 0 in case of success
2184
2185The parameter is defined like this::
2186
2187	struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping {
2188		__u64 user_addr;
2189		__u64 vcpu_addr;
2190		__u64 length;
2191	};
2192
2193This ioctl maps the memory at "user_addr" with the length "length" to
2194the vcpu's address space starting at "vcpu_addr". All parameters need to
2195be aligned by 1 megabyte.
2196
2197
21984.66 KVM_S390_UCAS_UNMAP
2199------------------------
2200
2201:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL
2202:Architectures: s390
2203:Type: vcpu ioctl
2204:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping (in)
2205:Returns: 0 in case of success
2206
2207The parameter is defined like this::
2208
2209	struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping {
2210		__u64 user_addr;
2211		__u64 vcpu_addr;
2212		__u64 length;
2213	};
2214
2215This ioctl unmaps the memory in the vcpu's address space starting at
2216"vcpu_addr" with the length "length". The field "user_addr" is ignored.
2217All parameters need to be aligned by 1 megabyte.
2218
2219
22204.67 KVM_S390_VCPU_FAULT
2221------------------------
2222
2223:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL
2224:Architectures: s390
2225:Type: vcpu ioctl
2226:Parameters: vcpu absolute address (in)
2227:Returns: 0 in case of success
2228
2229This call creates a page table entry on the virtual cpu's address space
2230(for user controlled virtual machines) or the virtual machine's address
2231space (for regular virtual machines). This only works for minor faults,
2232thus it's recommended to access subject memory page via the user page
2233table upfront. This is useful to handle validity intercepts for user
2234controlled virtual machines to fault in the virtual cpu's lowcore pages
2235prior to calling the KVM_RUN ioctl.
2236
2237
22384.68 KVM_SET_ONE_REG
2239--------------------
2240
2241:Capability: KVM_CAP_ONE_REG
2242:Architectures: all
2243:Type: vcpu ioctl
2244:Parameters: struct kvm_one_reg (in)
2245:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on failure
2246
2247Errors:
2248
2249  ======   ============================================================
2250  ENOENT   no such register
2251  EINVAL   invalid register ID, or no such register or used with VMs in
2252           protected virtualization mode on s390
2253  EPERM    (arm64) register access not allowed before vcpu finalization
2254  ======   ============================================================
2255
2256(These error codes are indicative only: do not rely on a specific error
2257code being returned in a specific situation.)
2258
2259::
2260
2261  struct kvm_one_reg {
2262       __u64 id;
2263       __u64 addr;
2264 };
2265
2266Using this ioctl, a single vcpu register can be set to a specific value
2267defined by user space with the passed in struct kvm_one_reg, where id
2268refers to the register identifier as described below and addr is a pointer
2269to a variable with the respective size. There can be architecture agnostic
2270and architecture specific registers. Each have their own range of operation
2271and their own constants and width. To keep track of the implemented
2272registers, find a list below:
2273
2274  ======= =============================== ============
2275  Arch              Register              Width (bits)
2276  ======= =============================== ============
2277  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_HIOR                64
2278  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC1                64
2279  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC2                64
2280  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC3                64
2281  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC4                64
2282  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAC1                64
2283  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAC2                64
2284  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DABR                64
2285  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DSCR                64
2286  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PURR                64
2287  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SPURR               64
2288  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAR                 64
2289  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DSISR               32
2290  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_AMR                 64
2291  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_UAMOR               64
2292  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR0               64
2293  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR1               64
2294  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCRA               64
2295  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR2               64
2296  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCRS               64
2297  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR3               64
2298  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIAR                64
2299  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SDAR                64
2300  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIER                64
2301  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIER2               64
2302  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIER3               64
2303  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC1                32
2304  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC2                32
2305  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC3                32
2306  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC4                32
2307  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC5                32
2308  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC6                32
2309  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC7                32
2310  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC8                32
2311  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FPR0                64
2312  ...
2313  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FPR31               64
2314  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VR0                 128
2315  ...
2316  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VR31                128
2317  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VSR0                128
2318  ...
2319  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VSR31               128
2320  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FPSCR               64
2321  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VSCR                32
2322  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VPA_ADDR            64
2323  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VPA_SLB             128
2324  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VPA_DTL             128
2325  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EPCR                32
2326  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EPR                 32
2327  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TCR                 32
2328  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TSR                 32
2329  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_OR_TSR              32
2330  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_CLEAR_TSR           32
2331  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS0                32
2332  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS1                32
2333  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS2                64
2334  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS7_3              64
2335  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS4                32
2336  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS6                32
2337  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMUCFG              32
2338  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB0CFG             32
2339  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB1CFG             32
2340  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB2CFG             32
2341  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB3CFG             32
2342  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB0PS              32
2343  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB1PS              32
2344  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB2PS              32
2345  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB3PS              32
2346  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EPTCFG              32
2347  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_ICP_STATE           64
2348  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VP_STATE            128
2349  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TB_OFFSET           64
2350  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SPMC1               32
2351  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SPMC2               32
2352  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAMR                64
2353  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TFHAR               64
2354  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TFIAR               64
2355  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TEXASR              64
2356  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FSCR                64
2357  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PSPB                32
2358  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EBBHR               64
2359  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EBBRR               64
2360  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_BESCR               64
2361  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TAR                 64
2362  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DPDES               64
2363  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAWR                64
2364  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAWRX               64
2365  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_CIABR               64
2366  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IC                  64
2367  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VTB                 64
2368  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_CSIGR               64
2369  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TACR                64
2370  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TCSCR               64
2371  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PID                 64
2372  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_ACOP                64
2373  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VRSAVE              32
2374  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_LPCR                32
2375  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_LPCR_64             64
2376  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PPR                 64
2377  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_ARCH_COMPAT         32
2378  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DABRX               32
2379  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_WORT                64
2380  PPC	  KVM_REG_PPC_SPRG9               64
2381  PPC	  KVM_REG_PPC_DBSR                32
2382  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TIDR                64
2383  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PSSCR               64
2384  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DEC_EXPIRY          64
2385  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PTCR                64
2386  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAWR1               64
2387  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAWRX1              64
2388  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_GPR0             64
2389  ...
2390  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_GPR31            64
2391  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VSR0             128
2392  ...
2393  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VSR63            128
2394  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_CR               64
2395  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_LR               64
2396  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_CTR              64
2397  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_FPSCR            64
2398  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_AMR              64
2399  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_PPR              64
2400  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VRSAVE           64
2401  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VSCR             32
2402  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_DSCR             64
2403  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_TAR              64
2404  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_XER              64
2405
2406  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_R0                 64
2407  ...
2408  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_R31                64
2409  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_HI                 64
2410  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_LO                 64
2411  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_PC                 64
2412  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_INDEX          32
2413  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO0       64
2414  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO1       64
2415  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONTEXT        64
2416  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONTEXTCONFIG  32
2417  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_USERLOCAL      64
2418  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_XCONTEXTCONFIG 64
2419  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PAGEMASK       32
2420  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PAGEGRAIN      32
2421  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_SEGCTL0        64
2422  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_SEGCTL1        64
2423  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_SEGCTL2        64
2424  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWBASE         64
2425  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWFIELD        64
2426  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWSIZE         64
2427  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_WIRED          32
2428  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWCTL          32
2429  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_HWRENA         32
2430  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_BADVADDR       64
2431  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_BADINSTR       32
2432  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_BADINSTRP      32
2433  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_COUNT          32
2434  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYHI        64
2435  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_COMPARE        32
2436  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_STATUS         32
2437  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_INTCTL         32
2438  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CAUSE          32
2439  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_EPC            64
2440  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PRID           32
2441  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_EBASE          64
2442  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG         32
2443  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG1        32
2444  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG2        32
2445  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG3        32
2446  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG4        32
2447  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG5        32
2448  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG7        32
2449  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_XCONTEXT       64
2450  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ERROREPC       64
2451  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH1      64
2452  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH2      64
2453  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH3      64
2454  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH4      64
2455  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH5      64
2456  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH6      64
2457  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_MAAR(0..63)    64
2458  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_COUNT_CTL          64
2459  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_COUNT_RESUME       64
2460  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_COUNT_HZ           64
2461  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_32(0..31)      32
2462  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_64(0..31)      64
2463  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_VEC_128(0..31)     128
2464  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_IR             32
2465  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_CSR            32
2466  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_IR             32
2467  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_CSR            32
2468  ======= =============================== ============
2469
2470ARM registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits.  The upper 16 of that
2471is the register group type, or coprocessor number:
2472
2473ARM core registers have the following id bit patterns::
2474
2475  0x4020 0000 0010 <index into the kvm_regs struct:16>
2476
2477ARM 32-bit CP15 registers have the following id bit patterns::
2478
2479  0x4020 0000 000F <zero:1> <crn:4> <crm:4> <opc1:4> <opc2:3>
2480
2481ARM 64-bit CP15 registers have the following id bit patterns::
2482
2483  0x4030 0000 000F <zero:1> <zero:4> <crm:4> <opc1:4> <zero:3>
2484
2485ARM CCSIDR registers are demultiplexed by CSSELR value::
2486
2487  0x4020 0000 0011 00 <csselr:8>
2488
2489ARM 32-bit VFP control registers have the following id bit patterns::
2490
2491  0x4020 0000 0012 1 <regno:12>
2492
2493ARM 64-bit FP registers have the following id bit patterns::
2494
2495  0x4030 0000 0012 0 <regno:12>
2496
2497ARM firmware pseudo-registers have the following bit pattern::
2498
2499  0x4030 0000 0014 <regno:16>
2500
2501
2502arm64 registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits. The upper 16 of
2503that is the register group type, or coprocessor number:
2504
2505arm64 core/FP-SIMD registers have the following id bit patterns. Note
2506that the size of the access is variable, as the kvm_regs structure
2507contains elements ranging from 32 to 128 bits. The index is a 32bit
2508value in the kvm_regs structure seen as a 32bit array::
2509
2510  0x60x0 0000 0010 <index into the kvm_regs struct:16>
2511
2512Specifically:
2513
2514======================= ========= ===== =======================================
2515    Encoding            Register  Bits  kvm_regs member
2516======================= ========= ===== =======================================
2517  0x6030 0000 0010 0000 X0          64  regs.regs[0]
2518  0x6030 0000 0010 0002 X1          64  regs.regs[1]
2519  ...
2520  0x6030 0000 0010 003c X30         64  regs.regs[30]
2521  0x6030 0000 0010 003e SP          64  regs.sp
2522  0x6030 0000 0010 0040 PC          64  regs.pc
2523  0x6030 0000 0010 0042 PSTATE      64  regs.pstate
2524  0x6030 0000 0010 0044 SP_EL1      64  sp_el1
2525  0x6030 0000 0010 0046 ELR_EL1     64  elr_el1
2526  0x6030 0000 0010 0048 SPSR_EL1    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_EL1] (alias SPSR_SVC)
2527  0x6030 0000 0010 004a SPSR_ABT    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_ABT]
2528  0x6030 0000 0010 004c SPSR_UND    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_UND]
2529  0x6030 0000 0010 004e SPSR_IRQ    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_IRQ]
2530  0x6060 0000 0010 0050 SPSR_FIQ    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_FIQ]
2531  0x6040 0000 0010 0054 V0         128  fp_regs.vregs[0]    [1]_
2532  0x6040 0000 0010 0058 V1         128  fp_regs.vregs[1]    [1]_
2533  ...
2534  0x6040 0000 0010 00d0 V31        128  fp_regs.vregs[31]   [1]_
2535  0x6020 0000 0010 00d4 FPSR        32  fp_regs.fpsr
2536  0x6020 0000 0010 00d5 FPCR        32  fp_regs.fpcr
2537======================= ========= ===== =======================================
2538
2539.. [1] These encodings are not accepted for SVE-enabled vcpus.  See
2540       KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT.
2541
2542       The equivalent register content can be accessed via bits [127:0] of
2543       the corresponding SVE Zn registers instead for vcpus that have SVE
2544       enabled (see below).
2545
2546arm64 CCSIDR registers are demultiplexed by CSSELR value::
2547
2548  0x6020 0000 0011 00 <csselr:8>
2549
2550arm64 system registers have the following id bit patterns::
2551
2552  0x6030 0000 0013 <op0:2> <op1:3> <crn:4> <crm:4> <op2:3>
2553
2554.. warning::
2555
2556     Two system register IDs do not follow the specified pattern.  These
2557     are KVM_REG_ARM_TIMER_CVAL and KVM_REG_ARM_TIMER_CNT, which map to
2558     system registers CNTV_CVAL_EL0 and CNTVCT_EL0 respectively.  These
2559     two had their values accidentally swapped, which means TIMER_CVAL is
2560     derived from the register encoding for CNTVCT_EL0 and TIMER_CNT is
2561     derived from the register encoding for CNTV_CVAL_EL0.  As this is
2562     API, it must remain this way.
2563
2564arm64 firmware pseudo-registers have the following bit pattern::
2565
2566  0x6030 0000 0014 <regno:16>
2567
2568arm64 SVE registers have the following bit patterns::
2569
2570  0x6080 0000 0015 00 <n:5> <slice:5>   Zn bits[2048*slice + 2047 : 2048*slice]
2571  0x6050 0000 0015 04 <n:4> <slice:5>   Pn bits[256*slice + 255 : 256*slice]
2572  0x6050 0000 0015 060 <slice:5>        FFR bits[256*slice + 255 : 256*slice]
2573  0x6060 0000 0015 ffff                 KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS pseudo-register
2574
2575Access to register IDs where 2048 * slice >= 128 * max_vq will fail with
2576ENOENT.  max_vq is the vcpu's maximum supported vector length in 128-bit
2577quadwords: see [2]_ below.
2578
2579These registers are only accessible on vcpus for which SVE is enabled.
2580See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT for details.
2581
2582In addition, except for KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS, these registers are not
2583accessible until the vcpu's SVE configuration has been finalized
2584using KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE).  See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT
2585and KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE for more information about this procedure.
2586
2587KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS is a pseudo-register that allows the set of vector
2588lengths supported by the vcpu to be discovered and configured by
2589userspace.  When transferred to or from user memory via KVM_GET_ONE_REG
2590or KVM_SET_ONE_REG, the value of this register is of type
2591__u64[KVM_ARM64_SVE_VLS_WORDS], and encodes the set of vector lengths as
2592follows::
2593
2594  __u64 vector_lengths[KVM_ARM64_SVE_VLS_WORDS];
2595
2596  if (vq >= SVE_VQ_MIN && vq <= SVE_VQ_MAX &&
2597      ((vector_lengths[(vq - KVM_ARM64_SVE_VQ_MIN) / 64] >>
2598		((vq - KVM_ARM64_SVE_VQ_MIN) % 64)) & 1))
2599	/* Vector length vq * 16 bytes supported */
2600  else
2601	/* Vector length vq * 16 bytes not supported */
2602
2603.. [2] The maximum value vq for which the above condition is true is
2604       max_vq.  This is the maximum vector length available to the guest on
2605       this vcpu, and determines which register slices are visible through
2606       this ioctl interface.
2607
2608(See Documentation/arm64/sve.rst for an explanation of the "vq"
2609nomenclature.)
2610
2611KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS is only accessible after KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT.
2612KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT initialises it to the best set of vector lengths that
2613the host supports.
2614
2615Userspace may subsequently modify it if desired until the vcpu's SVE
2616configuration is finalized using KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE).
2617
2618Apart from simply removing all vector lengths from the host set that
2619exceed some value, support for arbitrarily chosen sets of vector lengths
2620is hardware-dependent and may not be available.  Attempting to configure
2621an invalid set of vector lengths via KVM_SET_ONE_REG will fail with
2622EINVAL.
2623
2624After the vcpu's SVE configuration is finalized, further attempts to
2625write this register will fail with EPERM.
2626
2627arm64 bitmap feature firmware pseudo-registers have the following bit pattern::
2628
2629  0x6030 0000 0016 <regno:16>
2630
2631The bitmap feature firmware registers exposes the hypercall services that
2632are available for userspace to configure. The set bits corresponds to the
2633services that are available for the guests to access. By default, KVM
2634sets all the supported bits during VM initialization. The userspace can
2635discover the available services via KVM_GET_ONE_REG, and write back the
2636bitmap corresponding to the features that it wishes guests to see via
2637KVM_SET_ONE_REG.
2638
2639Note: These registers are immutable once any of the vCPUs of the VM has
2640run at least once. A KVM_SET_ONE_REG in such a scenario will return
2641a -EBUSY to userspace.
2642
2643(See Documentation/virt/kvm/arm/hypercalls.rst for more details.)
2644
2645
2646MIPS registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits.  The upper 16 of that is
2647the register group type:
2648
2649MIPS core registers (see above) have the following id bit patterns::
2650
2651  0x7030 0000 0000 <reg:16>
2652
2653MIPS CP0 registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_* above) have the following id bit
2654patterns depending on whether they're 32-bit or 64-bit registers::
2655
2656  0x7020 0000 0001 00 <reg:5> <sel:3>   (32-bit)
2657  0x7030 0000 0001 00 <reg:5> <sel:3>   (64-bit)
2658
2659Note: KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO0 and KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO1 are the MIPS64
2660versions of the EntryLo registers regardless of the word size of the host
2661hardware, host kernel, guest, and whether XPA is present in the guest, i.e.
2662with the RI and XI bits (if they exist) in bits 63 and 62 respectively, and
2663the PFNX field starting at bit 30.
2664
2665MIPS MAARs (see KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_MAAR(*) above) have the following id bit
2666patterns::
2667
2668  0x7030 0000 0001 01 <reg:8>
2669
2670MIPS KVM control registers (see above) have the following id bit patterns::
2671
2672  0x7030 0000 0002 <reg:16>
2673
2674MIPS FPU registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_{32,64}() above) have the following
2675id bit patterns depending on the size of the register being accessed. They are
2676always accessed according to the current guest FPU mode (Status.FR and
2677Config5.FRE), i.e. as the guest would see them, and they become unpredictable
2678if the guest FPU mode is changed. MIPS SIMD Architecture (MSA) vector
2679registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_VEC_128() above) have similar patterns as they
2680overlap the FPU registers::
2681
2682  0x7020 0000 0003 00 <0:3> <reg:5> (32-bit FPU registers)
2683  0x7030 0000 0003 00 <0:3> <reg:5> (64-bit FPU registers)
2684  0x7040 0000 0003 00 <0:3> <reg:5> (128-bit MSA vector registers)
2685
2686MIPS FPU control registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_{IR,CSR} above) have the
2687following id bit patterns::
2688
2689  0x7020 0000 0003 01 <0:3> <reg:5>
2690
2691MIPS MSA control registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_{IR,CSR} above) have the
2692following id bit patterns::
2693
2694  0x7020 0000 0003 02 <0:3> <reg:5>
2695
2696RISC-V registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits. The upper 8 bits of
2697that is the register group type.
2698
2699RISC-V config registers are meant for configuring a Guest VCPU and it has
2700the following id bit patterns::
2701
2702  0x8020 0000 01 <index into the kvm_riscv_config struct:24> (32bit Host)
2703  0x8030 0000 01 <index into the kvm_riscv_config struct:24> (64bit Host)
2704
2705Following are the RISC-V config registers:
2706
2707======================= ========= =============================================
2708    Encoding            Register  Description
2709======================= ========= =============================================
2710  0x80x0 0000 0100 0000 isa       ISA feature bitmap of Guest VCPU
2711======================= ========= =============================================
2712
2713The isa config register can be read anytime but can only be written before
2714a Guest VCPU runs. It will have ISA feature bits matching underlying host
2715set by default.
2716
2717RISC-V core registers represent the general excution state of a Guest VCPU
2718and it has the following id bit patterns::
2719
2720  0x8020 0000 02 <index into the kvm_riscv_core struct:24> (32bit Host)
2721  0x8030 0000 02 <index into the kvm_riscv_core struct:24> (64bit Host)
2722
2723Following are the RISC-V core registers:
2724
2725======================= ========= =============================================
2726    Encoding            Register  Description
2727======================= ========= =============================================
2728  0x80x0 0000 0200 0000 regs.pc   Program counter
2729  0x80x0 0000 0200 0001 regs.ra   Return address
2730  0x80x0 0000 0200 0002 regs.sp   Stack pointer
2731  0x80x0 0000 0200 0003 regs.gp   Global pointer
2732  0x80x0 0000 0200 0004 regs.tp   Task pointer
2733  0x80x0 0000 0200 0005 regs.t0   Caller saved register 0
2734  0x80x0 0000 0200 0006 regs.t1   Caller saved register 1
2735  0x80x0 0000 0200 0007 regs.t2   Caller saved register 2
2736  0x80x0 0000 0200 0008 regs.s0   Callee saved register 0
2737  0x80x0 0000 0200 0009 regs.s1   Callee saved register 1
2738  0x80x0 0000 0200 000a regs.a0   Function argument (or return value) 0
2739  0x80x0 0000 0200 000b regs.a1   Function argument (or return value) 1
2740  0x80x0 0000 0200 000c regs.a2   Function argument 2
2741  0x80x0 0000 0200 000d regs.a3   Function argument 3
2742  0x80x0 0000 0200 000e regs.a4   Function argument 4
2743  0x80x0 0000 0200 000f regs.a5   Function argument 5
2744  0x80x0 0000 0200 0010 regs.a6   Function argument 6
2745  0x80x0 0000 0200 0011 regs.a7   Function argument 7
2746  0x80x0 0000 0200 0012 regs.s2   Callee saved register 2
2747  0x80x0 0000 0200 0013 regs.s3   Callee saved register 3
2748  0x80x0 0000 0200 0014 regs.s4   Callee saved register 4
2749  0x80x0 0000 0200 0015 regs.s5   Callee saved register 5
2750  0x80x0 0000 0200 0016 regs.s6   Callee saved register 6
2751  0x80x0 0000 0200 0017 regs.s7   Callee saved register 7
2752  0x80x0 0000 0200 0018 regs.s8   Callee saved register 8
2753  0x80x0 0000 0200 0019 regs.s9   Callee saved register 9
2754  0x80x0 0000 0200 001a regs.s10  Callee saved register 10
2755  0x80x0 0000 0200 001b regs.s11  Callee saved register 11
2756  0x80x0 0000 0200 001c regs.t3   Caller saved register 3
2757  0x80x0 0000 0200 001d regs.t4   Caller saved register 4
2758  0x80x0 0000 0200 001e regs.t5   Caller saved register 5
2759  0x80x0 0000 0200 001f regs.t6   Caller saved register 6
2760  0x80x0 0000 0200 0020 mode      Privilege mode (1 = S-mode or 0 = U-mode)
2761======================= ========= =============================================
2762
2763RISC-V csr registers represent the supervisor mode control/status registers
2764of a Guest VCPU and it has the following id bit patterns::
2765
2766  0x8020 0000 03 <index into the kvm_riscv_csr struct:24> (32bit Host)
2767  0x8030 0000 03 <index into the kvm_riscv_csr struct:24> (64bit Host)
2768
2769Following are the RISC-V csr registers:
2770
2771======================= ========= =============================================
2772    Encoding            Register  Description
2773======================= ========= =============================================
2774  0x80x0 0000 0300 0000 sstatus   Supervisor status
2775  0x80x0 0000 0300 0001 sie       Supervisor interrupt enable
2776  0x80x0 0000 0300 0002 stvec     Supervisor trap vector base
2777  0x80x0 0000 0300 0003 sscratch  Supervisor scratch register
2778  0x80x0 0000 0300 0004 sepc      Supervisor exception program counter
2779  0x80x0 0000 0300 0005 scause    Supervisor trap cause
2780  0x80x0 0000 0300 0006 stval     Supervisor bad address or instruction
2781  0x80x0 0000 0300 0007 sip       Supervisor interrupt pending
2782  0x80x0 0000 0300 0008 satp      Supervisor address translation and protection
2783======================= ========= =============================================
2784
2785RISC-V timer registers represent the timer state of a Guest VCPU and it has
2786the following id bit patterns::
2787
2788  0x8030 0000 04 <index into the kvm_riscv_timer struct:24>
2789
2790Following are the RISC-V timer registers:
2791
2792======================= ========= =============================================
2793    Encoding            Register  Description
2794======================= ========= =============================================
2795  0x8030 0000 0400 0000 frequency Time base frequency (read-only)
2796  0x8030 0000 0400 0001 time      Time value visible to Guest
2797  0x8030 0000 0400 0002 compare   Time compare programmed by Guest
2798  0x8030 0000 0400 0003 state     Time compare state (1 = ON or 0 = OFF)
2799======================= ========= =============================================
2800
2801RISC-V F-extension registers represent the single precision floating point
2802state of a Guest VCPU and it has the following id bit patterns::
2803
2804  0x8020 0000 05 <index into the __riscv_f_ext_state struct:24>
2805
2806Following are the RISC-V F-extension registers:
2807
2808======================= ========= =============================================
2809    Encoding            Register  Description
2810======================= ========= =============================================
2811  0x8020 0000 0500 0000 f[0]      Floating point register 0
2812  ...
2813  0x8020 0000 0500 001f f[31]     Floating point register 31
2814  0x8020 0000 0500 0020 fcsr      Floating point control and status register
2815======================= ========= =============================================
2816
2817RISC-V D-extension registers represent the double precision floating point
2818state of a Guest VCPU and it has the following id bit patterns::
2819
2820  0x8020 0000 06 <index into the __riscv_d_ext_state struct:24> (fcsr)
2821  0x8030 0000 06 <index into the __riscv_d_ext_state struct:24> (non-fcsr)
2822
2823Following are the RISC-V D-extension registers:
2824
2825======================= ========= =============================================
2826    Encoding            Register  Description
2827======================= ========= =============================================
2828  0x8030 0000 0600 0000 f[0]      Floating point register 0
2829  ...
2830  0x8030 0000 0600 001f f[31]     Floating point register 31
2831  0x8020 0000 0600 0020 fcsr      Floating point control and status register
2832======================= ========= =============================================
2833
2834
28354.69 KVM_GET_ONE_REG
2836--------------------
2837
2838:Capability: KVM_CAP_ONE_REG
2839:Architectures: all
2840:Type: vcpu ioctl
2841:Parameters: struct kvm_one_reg (in and out)
2842:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on failure
2843
2844Errors include:
2845
2846  ======== ============================================================
2847  ENOENT   no such register
2848  EINVAL   invalid register ID, or no such register or used with VMs in
2849           protected virtualization mode on s390
2850  EPERM    (arm64) register access not allowed before vcpu finalization
2851  ======== ============================================================
2852
2853(These error codes are indicative only: do not rely on a specific error
2854code being returned in a specific situation.)
2855
2856This ioctl allows to receive the value of a single register implemented
2857in a vcpu. The register to read is indicated by the "id" field of the
2858kvm_one_reg struct passed in. On success, the register value can be found
2859at the memory location pointed to by "addr".
2860
2861The list of registers accessible using this interface is identical to the
2862list in 4.68.
2863
2864
28654.70 KVM_KVMCLOCK_CTRL
2866----------------------
2867
2868:Capability: KVM_CAP_KVMCLOCK_CTRL
2869:Architectures: Any that implement pvclocks (currently x86 only)
2870:Type: vcpu ioctl
2871:Parameters: None
2872:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2873
2874This ioctl sets a flag accessible to the guest indicating that the specified
2875vCPU has been paused by the host userspace.
2876
2877The host will set a flag in the pvclock structure that is checked from the
2878soft lockup watchdog.  The flag is part of the pvclock structure that is
2879shared between guest and host, specifically the second bit of the flags
2880field of the pvclock_vcpu_time_info structure.  It will be set exclusively by
2881the host and read/cleared exclusively by the guest.  The guest operation of
2882checking and clearing the flag must be an atomic operation so
2883load-link/store-conditional, or equivalent must be used.  There are two cases
2884where the guest will clear the flag: when the soft lockup watchdog timer resets
2885itself or when a soft lockup is detected.  This ioctl can be called any time
2886after pausing the vcpu, but before it is resumed.
2887
2888
28894.71 KVM_SIGNAL_MSI
2890-------------------
2891
2892:Capability: KVM_CAP_SIGNAL_MSI
2893:Architectures: x86 arm64
2894:Type: vm ioctl
2895:Parameters: struct kvm_msi (in)
2896:Returns: >0 on delivery, 0 if guest blocked the MSI, and -1 on error
2897
2898Directly inject a MSI message. Only valid with in-kernel irqchip that handles
2899MSI messages.
2900
2901::
2902
2903  struct kvm_msi {
2904	__u32 address_lo;
2905	__u32 address_hi;
2906	__u32 data;
2907	__u32 flags;
2908	__u32 devid;
2909	__u8  pad[12];
2910  };
2911
2912flags:
2913  KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID: devid contains a valid value.  The per-VM
2914  KVM_CAP_MSI_DEVID capability advertises the requirement to provide
2915  the device ID.  If this capability is not available, userspace
2916  should never set the KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID flag as the ioctl might fail.
2917
2918If KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID is set, devid contains a unique device identifier
2919for the device that wrote the MSI message.  For PCI, this is usually a
2920BFD identifier in the lower 16 bits.
2921
2922On x86, address_hi is ignored unless the KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS
2923feature of KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API capability is enabled.  If it is enabled,
2924address_hi bits 31-8 provide bits 31-8 of the destination id.  Bits 7-0 of
2925address_hi must be zero.
2926
2927
29284.71 KVM_CREATE_PIT2
2929--------------------
2930
2931:Capability: KVM_CAP_PIT2
2932:Architectures: x86
2933:Type: vm ioctl
2934:Parameters: struct kvm_pit_config (in)
2935:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2936
2937Creates an in-kernel device model for the i8254 PIT. This call is only valid
2938after enabling in-kernel irqchip support via KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP. The following
2939parameters have to be passed::
2940
2941  struct kvm_pit_config {
2942	__u32 flags;
2943	__u32 pad[15];
2944  };
2945
2946Valid flags are::
2947
2948  #define KVM_PIT_SPEAKER_DUMMY     1 /* emulate speaker port stub */
2949
2950PIT timer interrupts may use a per-VM kernel thread for injection. If it
2951exists, this thread will have a name of the following pattern::
2952
2953  kvm-pit/<owner-process-pid>
2954
2955When running a guest with elevated priorities, the scheduling parameters of
2956this thread may have to be adjusted accordingly.
2957
2958This IOCTL replaces the obsolete KVM_CREATE_PIT.
2959
2960
29614.72 KVM_GET_PIT2
2962-----------------
2963
2964:Capability: KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2
2965:Architectures: x86
2966:Type: vm ioctl
2967:Parameters: struct kvm_pit_state2 (out)
2968:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2969
2970Retrieves the state of the in-kernel PIT model. Only valid after
2971KVM_CREATE_PIT2. The state is returned in the following structure::
2972
2973  struct kvm_pit_state2 {
2974	struct kvm_pit_channel_state channels[3];
2975	__u32 flags;
2976	__u32 reserved[9];
2977  };
2978
2979Valid flags are::
2980
2981  /* disable PIT in HPET legacy mode */
2982  #define KVM_PIT_FLAGS_HPET_LEGACY     0x00000001
2983  /* speaker port data bit enabled */
2984  #define KVM_PIT_FLAGS_SPEAKER_DATA_ON 0x00000002
2985
2986This IOCTL replaces the obsolete KVM_GET_PIT.
2987
2988
29894.73 KVM_SET_PIT2
2990-----------------
2991
2992:Capability: KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2
2993:Architectures: x86
2994:Type: vm ioctl
2995:Parameters: struct kvm_pit_state2 (in)
2996:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2997
2998Sets the state of the in-kernel PIT model. Only valid after KVM_CREATE_PIT2.
2999See KVM_GET_PIT2 for details on struct kvm_pit_state2.
3000
3001This IOCTL replaces the obsolete KVM_SET_PIT.
3002
3003
30044.74 KVM_PPC_GET_SMMU_INFO
3005--------------------------
3006
3007:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_GET_SMMU_INFO
3008:Architectures: powerpc
3009:Type: vm ioctl
3010:Parameters: None
3011:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3012
3013This populates and returns a structure describing the features of
3014the "Server" class MMU emulation supported by KVM.
3015This can in turn be used by userspace to generate the appropriate
3016device-tree properties for the guest operating system.
3017
3018The structure contains some global information, followed by an
3019array of supported segment page sizes::
3020
3021      struct kvm_ppc_smmu_info {
3022	     __u64 flags;
3023	     __u32 slb_size;
3024	     __u32 pad;
3025	     struct kvm_ppc_one_seg_page_size sps[KVM_PPC_PAGE_SIZES_MAX_SZ];
3026      };
3027
3028The supported flags are:
3029
3030    - KVM_PPC_PAGE_SIZES_REAL:
3031        When that flag is set, guest page sizes must "fit" the backing
3032        store page sizes. When not set, any page size in the list can
3033        be used regardless of how they are backed by userspace.
3034
3035    - KVM_PPC_1T_SEGMENTS
3036        The emulated MMU supports 1T segments in addition to the
3037        standard 256M ones.
3038
3039    - KVM_PPC_NO_HASH
3040	This flag indicates that HPT guests are not supported by KVM,
3041	thus all guests must use radix MMU mode.
3042
3043The "slb_size" field indicates how many SLB entries are supported
3044
3045The "sps" array contains 8 entries indicating the supported base
3046page sizes for a segment in increasing order. Each entry is defined
3047as follow::
3048
3049   struct kvm_ppc_one_seg_page_size {
3050	__u32 page_shift;	/* Base page shift of segment (or 0) */
3051	__u32 slb_enc;		/* SLB encoding for BookS */
3052	struct kvm_ppc_one_page_size enc[KVM_PPC_PAGE_SIZES_MAX_SZ];
3053   };
3054
3055An entry with a "page_shift" of 0 is unused. Because the array is
3056organized in increasing order, a lookup can stop when encoutering
3057such an entry.
3058
3059The "slb_enc" field provides the encoding to use in the SLB for the
3060page size. The bits are in positions such as the value can directly
3061be OR'ed into the "vsid" argument of the slbmte instruction.
3062
3063The "enc" array is a list which for each of those segment base page
3064size provides the list of supported actual page sizes (which can be
3065only larger or equal to the base page size), along with the
3066corresponding encoding in the hash PTE. Similarly, the array is
30678 entries sorted by increasing sizes and an entry with a "0" shift
3068is an empty entry and a terminator::
3069
3070   struct kvm_ppc_one_page_size {
3071	__u32 page_shift;	/* Page shift (or 0) */
3072	__u32 pte_enc;		/* Encoding in the HPTE (>>12) */
3073   };
3074
3075The "pte_enc" field provides a value that can OR'ed into the hash
3076PTE's RPN field (ie, it needs to be shifted left by 12 to OR it
3077into the hash PTE second double word).
3078
30794.75 KVM_IRQFD
3080--------------
3081
3082:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQFD
3083:Architectures: x86 s390 arm64
3084:Type: vm ioctl
3085:Parameters: struct kvm_irqfd (in)
3086:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3087
3088Allows setting an eventfd to directly trigger a guest interrupt.
3089kvm_irqfd.fd specifies the file descriptor to use as the eventfd and
3090kvm_irqfd.gsi specifies the irqchip pin toggled by this event.  When
3091an event is triggered on the eventfd, an interrupt is injected into
3092the guest using the specified gsi pin.  The irqfd is removed using
3093the KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_DEASSIGN flag, specifying both kvm_irqfd.fd
3094and kvm_irqfd.gsi.
3095
3096With KVM_CAP_IRQFD_RESAMPLE, KVM_IRQFD supports a de-assert and notify
3097mechanism allowing emulation of level-triggered, irqfd-based
3098interrupts.  When KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_RESAMPLE is set the user must pass an
3099additional eventfd in the kvm_irqfd.resamplefd field.  When operating
3100in resample mode, posting of an interrupt through kvm_irq.fd asserts
3101the specified gsi in the irqchip.  When the irqchip is resampled, such
3102as from an EOI, the gsi is de-asserted and the user is notified via
3103kvm_irqfd.resamplefd.  It is the user's responsibility to re-queue
3104the interrupt if the device making use of it still requires service.
3105Note that closing the resamplefd is not sufficient to disable the
3106irqfd.  The KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_RESAMPLE is only necessary on assignment
3107and need not be specified with KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_DEASSIGN.
3108
3109On arm64, gsi routing being supported, the following can happen:
3110
3111- in case no routing entry is associated to this gsi, injection fails
3112- in case the gsi is associated to an irqchip routing entry,
3113  irqchip.pin + 32 corresponds to the injected SPI ID.
3114- in case the gsi is associated to an MSI routing entry, the MSI
3115  message and device ID are translated into an LPI (support restricted
3116  to GICv3 ITS in-kernel emulation).
3117
31184.76 KVM_PPC_ALLOCATE_HTAB
3119--------------------------
3120
3121:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_ALLOC_HTAB
3122:Architectures: powerpc
3123:Type: vm ioctl
3124:Parameters: Pointer to u32 containing hash table order (in/out)
3125:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3126
3127This requests the host kernel to allocate an MMU hash table for a
3128guest using the PAPR paravirtualization interface.  This only does
3129anything if the kernel is configured to use the Book 3S HV style of
3130virtualization.  Otherwise the capability doesn't exist and the ioctl
3131returns an ENOTTY error.  The rest of this description assumes Book 3S
3132HV.
3133
3134There must be no vcpus running when this ioctl is called; if there
3135are, it will do nothing and return an EBUSY error.
3136
3137The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer variable
3138containing the order (log base 2) of the desired size of the hash
3139table, which must be between 18 and 46.  On successful return from the
3140ioctl, the value will not be changed by the kernel.
3141
3142If no hash table has been allocated when any vcpu is asked to run
3143(with the KVM_RUN ioctl), the host kernel will allocate a
3144default-sized hash table (16 MB).
3145
3146If this ioctl is called when a hash table has already been allocated,
3147with a different order from the existing hash table, the existing hash
3148table will be freed and a new one allocated.  If this is ioctl is
3149called when a hash table has already been allocated of the same order
3150as specified, the kernel will clear out the existing hash table (zero
3151all HPTEs).  In either case, if the guest is using the virtualized
3152real-mode area (VRMA) facility, the kernel will re-create the VMRA
3153HPTEs on the next KVM_RUN of any vcpu.
3154
31554.77 KVM_S390_INTERRUPT
3156-----------------------
3157
3158:Capability: basic
3159:Architectures: s390
3160:Type: vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
3161:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_interrupt (in)
3162:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3163
3164Allows to inject an interrupt to the guest. Interrupts can be floating
3165(vm ioctl) or per cpu (vcpu ioctl), depending on the interrupt type.
3166
3167Interrupt parameters are passed via kvm_s390_interrupt::
3168
3169  struct kvm_s390_interrupt {
3170	__u32 type;
3171	__u32 parm;
3172	__u64 parm64;
3173  };
3174
3175type can be one of the following:
3176
3177KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP (vcpu)
3178    - sigp stop; optional flags in parm
3179KVM_S390_PROGRAM_INT (vcpu)
3180    - program check; code in parm
3181KVM_S390_SIGP_SET_PREFIX (vcpu)
3182    - sigp set prefix; prefix address in parm
3183KVM_S390_RESTART (vcpu)
3184    - restart
3185KVM_S390_INT_CLOCK_COMP (vcpu)
3186    - clock comparator interrupt
3187KVM_S390_INT_CPU_TIMER (vcpu)
3188    - CPU timer interrupt
3189KVM_S390_INT_VIRTIO (vm)
3190    - virtio external interrupt; external interrupt
3191      parameters in parm and parm64
3192KVM_S390_INT_SERVICE (vm)
3193    - sclp external interrupt; sclp parameter in parm
3194KVM_S390_INT_EMERGENCY (vcpu)
3195    - sigp emergency; source cpu in parm
3196KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL (vcpu)
3197    - sigp external call; source cpu in parm
3198KVM_S390_INT_IO(ai,cssid,ssid,schid) (vm)
3199    - compound value to indicate an
3200      I/O interrupt (ai - adapter interrupt; cssid,ssid,schid - subchannel);
3201      I/O interruption parameters in parm (subchannel) and parm64 (intparm,
3202      interruption subclass)
3203KVM_S390_MCHK (vm, vcpu)
3204    - machine check interrupt; cr 14 bits in parm, machine check interrupt
3205      code in parm64 (note that machine checks needing further payload are not
3206      supported by this ioctl)
3207
3208This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
3209
32104.78 KVM_PPC_GET_HTAB_FD
3211------------------------
3212
3213:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_HTAB_FD
3214:Architectures: powerpc
3215:Type: vm ioctl
3216:Parameters: Pointer to struct kvm_get_htab_fd (in)
3217:Returns: file descriptor number (>= 0) on success, -1 on error
3218
3219This returns a file descriptor that can be used either to read out the
3220entries in the guest's hashed page table (HPT), or to write entries to
3221initialize the HPT.  The returned fd can only be written to if the
3222KVM_GET_HTAB_WRITE bit is set in the flags field of the argument, and
3223can only be read if that bit is clear.  The argument struct looks like
3224this::
3225
3226  /* For KVM_PPC_GET_HTAB_FD */
3227  struct kvm_get_htab_fd {
3228	__u64	flags;
3229	__u64	start_index;
3230	__u64	reserved[2];
3231  };
3232
3233  /* Values for kvm_get_htab_fd.flags */
3234  #define KVM_GET_HTAB_BOLTED_ONLY	((__u64)0x1)
3235  #define KVM_GET_HTAB_WRITE		((__u64)0x2)
3236
3237The 'start_index' field gives the index in the HPT of the entry at
3238which to start reading.  It is ignored when writing.
3239
3240Reads on the fd will initially supply information about all
3241"interesting" HPT entries.  Interesting entries are those with the
3242bolted bit set, if the KVM_GET_HTAB_BOLTED_ONLY bit is set, otherwise
3243all entries.  When the end of the HPT is reached, the read() will
3244return.  If read() is called again on the fd, it will start again from
3245the beginning of the HPT, but will only return HPT entries that have
3246changed since they were last read.
3247
3248Data read or written is structured as a header (8 bytes) followed by a
3249series of valid HPT entries (16 bytes) each.  The header indicates how
3250many valid HPT entries there are and how many invalid entries follow
3251the valid entries.  The invalid entries are not represented explicitly
3252in the stream.  The header format is::
3253
3254  struct kvm_get_htab_header {
3255	__u32	index;
3256	__u16	n_valid;
3257	__u16	n_invalid;
3258  };
3259
3260Writes to the fd create HPT entries starting at the index given in the
3261header; first 'n_valid' valid entries with contents from the data
3262written, then 'n_invalid' invalid entries, invalidating any previously
3263valid entries found.
3264
32654.79 KVM_CREATE_DEVICE
3266----------------------
3267
3268:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL
3269:Architectures: all
3270:Type: vm ioctl
3271:Parameters: struct kvm_create_device (in/out)
3272:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3273
3274Errors:
3275
3276  ======  =======================================================
3277  ENODEV  The device type is unknown or unsupported
3278  EEXIST  Device already created, and this type of device may not
3279          be instantiated multiple times
3280  ======  =======================================================
3281
3282  Other error conditions may be defined by individual device types or
3283  have their standard meanings.
3284
3285Creates an emulated device in the kernel.  The file descriptor returned
3286in fd can be used with KVM_SET/GET/HAS_DEVICE_ATTR.
3287
3288If the KVM_CREATE_DEVICE_TEST flag is set, only test whether the
3289device type is supported (not necessarily whether it can be created
3290in the current vm).
3291
3292Individual devices should not define flags.  Attributes should be used
3293for specifying any behavior that is not implied by the device type
3294number.
3295
3296::
3297
3298  struct kvm_create_device {
3299	__u32	type;	/* in: KVM_DEV_TYPE_xxx */
3300	__u32	fd;	/* out: device handle */
3301	__u32	flags;	/* in: KVM_CREATE_DEVICE_xxx */
3302  };
3303
33044.80 KVM_SET_DEVICE_ATTR/KVM_GET_DEVICE_ATTR
3305--------------------------------------------
3306
3307:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL, KVM_CAP_VM_ATTRIBUTES for vm device,
3308             KVM_CAP_VCPU_ATTRIBUTES for vcpu device
3309             KVM_CAP_SYS_ATTRIBUTES for system (/dev/kvm) device (no set)
3310:Architectures: x86, arm64, s390
3311:Type: device ioctl, vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
3312:Parameters: struct kvm_device_attr
3313:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3314
3315Errors:
3316
3317  =====   =============================================================
3318  ENXIO   The group or attribute is unknown/unsupported for this device
3319          or hardware support is missing.
3320  EPERM   The attribute cannot (currently) be accessed this way
3321          (e.g. read-only attribute, or attribute that only makes
3322          sense when the device is in a different state)
3323  =====   =============================================================
3324
3325  Other error conditions may be defined by individual device types.
3326
3327Gets/sets a specified piece of device configuration and/or state.  The
3328semantics are device-specific.  See individual device documentation in
3329the "devices" directory.  As with ONE_REG, the size of the data
3330transferred is defined by the particular attribute.
3331
3332::
3333
3334  struct kvm_device_attr {
3335	__u32	flags;		/* no flags currently defined */
3336	__u32	group;		/* device-defined */
3337	__u64	attr;		/* group-defined */
3338	__u64	addr;		/* userspace address of attr data */
3339  };
3340
33414.81 KVM_HAS_DEVICE_ATTR
3342------------------------
3343
3344:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL, KVM_CAP_VM_ATTRIBUTES for vm device,
3345             KVM_CAP_VCPU_ATTRIBUTES for vcpu device
3346             KVM_CAP_SYS_ATTRIBUTES for system (/dev/kvm) device
3347:Type: device ioctl, vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
3348:Parameters: struct kvm_device_attr
3349:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3350
3351Errors:
3352
3353  =====   =============================================================
3354  ENXIO   The group or attribute is unknown/unsupported for this device
3355          or hardware support is missing.
3356  =====   =============================================================
3357
3358Tests whether a device supports a particular attribute.  A successful
3359return indicates the attribute is implemented.  It does not necessarily
3360indicate that the attribute can be read or written in the device's
3361current state.  "addr" is ignored.
3362
33634.82 KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT
3364----------------------
3365
3366:Capability: basic
3367:Architectures: arm64
3368:Type: vcpu ioctl
3369:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_init (in)
3370:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3371
3372Errors:
3373
3374  ======     =================================================================
3375  EINVAL     the target is unknown, or the combination of features is invalid.
3376  ENOENT     a features bit specified is unknown.
3377  ======     =================================================================
3378
3379This tells KVM what type of CPU to present to the guest, and what
3380optional features it should have.  This will cause a reset of the cpu
3381registers to their initial values.  If this is not called, KVM_RUN will
3382return ENOEXEC for that vcpu.
3383
3384The initial values are defined as:
3385	- Processor state:
3386		* AArch64: EL1h, D, A, I and F bits set. All other bits
3387		  are cleared.
3388		* AArch32: SVC, A, I and F bits set. All other bits are
3389		  cleared.
3390	- General Purpose registers, including PC and SP: set to 0
3391	- FPSIMD/NEON registers: set to 0
3392	- SVE registers: set to 0
3393	- System registers: Reset to their architecturally defined
3394	  values as for a warm reset to EL1 (resp. SVC)
3395
3396Note that because some registers reflect machine topology, all vcpus
3397should be created before this ioctl is invoked.
3398
3399Userspace can call this function multiple times for a given vcpu, including
3400after the vcpu has been run. This will reset the vcpu to its initial
3401state. All calls to this function after the initial call must use the same
3402target and same set of feature flags, otherwise EINVAL will be returned.
3403
3404Possible features:
3405
3406	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_POWER_OFF: Starts the CPU in a power-off state.
3407	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI.  If not set, the CPU will be powered on
3408	  and execute guest code when KVM_RUN is called.
3409	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_EL1_32BIT: Starts the CPU in a 32bit mode.
3410	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_EL1_32BIT (arm64 only).
3411	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PSCI_0_2: Emulate PSCI v0.2 (or a future revision
3412          backward compatible with v0.2) for the CPU.
3413	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI_0_2.
3414	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3: Emulate PMUv3 for the CPU.
3415	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PMU_V3.
3416
3417	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS: Enables Address Pointer authentication
3418	  for arm64 only.
3419	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS.
3420	  If KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC are
3421	  both present, then both KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and
3422	  KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_GENERIC must be requested or neither must be
3423	  requested.
3424
3425	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_GENERIC: Enables Generic Pointer authentication
3426	  for arm64 only.
3427	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC.
3428	  If KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC are
3429	  both present, then both KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and
3430	  KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_GENERIC must be requested or neither must be
3431	  requested.
3432
3433	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE: Enables SVE for the CPU (arm64 only).
3434	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE.
3435	  Requires KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE):
3436
3437	   * After KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT:
3438
3439	      - KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS may be read using KVM_GET_ONE_REG: the
3440	        initial value of this pseudo-register indicates the best set of
3441	        vector lengths possible for a vcpu on this host.
3442
3443	   * Before KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE):
3444
3445	      - KVM_RUN and KVM_GET_REG_LIST are not available;
3446
3447	      - KVM_GET_ONE_REG and KVM_SET_ONE_REG cannot be used to access
3448	        the scalable archietctural SVE registers
3449	        KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_ZREG(), KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_PREG() or
3450	        KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_FFR;
3451
3452	      - KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS may optionally be written using
3453	        KVM_SET_ONE_REG, to modify the set of vector lengths available
3454	        for the vcpu.
3455
3456	   * After KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE):
3457
3458	      - the KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS pseudo-register is immutable, and can
3459	        no longer be written using KVM_SET_ONE_REG.
3460
34614.83 KVM_ARM_PREFERRED_TARGET
3462-----------------------------
3463
3464:Capability: basic
3465:Architectures: arm64
3466:Type: vm ioctl
3467:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_init (out)
3468:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3469
3470Errors:
3471
3472  ======     ==========================================
3473  ENODEV     no preferred target available for the host
3474  ======     ==========================================
3475
3476This queries KVM for preferred CPU target type which can be emulated
3477by KVM on underlying host.
3478
3479The ioctl returns struct kvm_vcpu_init instance containing information
3480about preferred CPU target type and recommended features for it.  The
3481kvm_vcpu_init->features bitmap returned will have feature bits set if
3482the preferred target recommends setting these features, but this is
3483not mandatory.
3484
3485The information returned by this ioctl can be used to prepare an instance
3486of struct kvm_vcpu_init for KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT ioctl which will result in
3487VCPU matching underlying host.
3488
3489
34904.84 KVM_GET_REG_LIST
3491---------------------
3492
3493:Capability: basic
3494:Architectures: arm64, mips
3495:Type: vcpu ioctl
3496:Parameters: struct kvm_reg_list (in/out)
3497:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3498
3499Errors:
3500
3501  =====      ==============================================================
3502  E2BIG      the reg index list is too big to fit in the array specified by
3503             the user (the number required will be written into n).
3504  =====      ==============================================================
3505
3506::
3507
3508  struct kvm_reg_list {
3509	__u64 n; /* number of registers in reg[] */
3510	__u64 reg[0];
3511  };
3512
3513This ioctl returns the guest registers that are supported for the
3514KVM_GET_ONE_REG/KVM_SET_ONE_REG calls.
3515
3516
35174.85 KVM_ARM_SET_DEVICE_ADDR (deprecated)
3518-----------------------------------------
3519
3520:Capability: KVM_CAP_ARM_SET_DEVICE_ADDR
3521:Architectures: arm64
3522:Type: vm ioctl
3523:Parameters: struct kvm_arm_device_address (in)
3524:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3525
3526Errors:
3527
3528  ======  ============================================
3529  ENODEV  The device id is unknown
3530  ENXIO   Device not supported on current system
3531  EEXIST  Address already set
3532  E2BIG   Address outside guest physical address space
3533  EBUSY   Address overlaps with other device range
3534  ======  ============================================
3535
3536::
3537
3538  struct kvm_arm_device_addr {
3539	__u64 id;
3540	__u64 addr;
3541  };
3542
3543Specify a device address in the guest's physical address space where guests
3544can access emulated or directly exposed devices, which the host kernel needs
3545to know about. The id field is an architecture specific identifier for a
3546specific device.
3547
3548arm64 divides the id field into two parts, a device id and an
3549address type id specific to the individual device::
3550
3551  bits:  | 63        ...       32 | 31    ...    16 | 15    ...    0 |
3552  field: |        0x00000000      |     device id   |  addr type id  |
3553
3554arm64 currently only require this when using the in-kernel GIC
3555support for the hardware VGIC features, using KVM_ARM_DEVICE_VGIC_V2
3556as the device id.  When setting the base address for the guest's
3557mapping of the VGIC virtual CPU and distributor interface, the ioctl
3558must be called after calling KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, but before calling
3559KVM_RUN on any of the VCPUs.  Calling this ioctl twice for any of the
3560base addresses will return -EEXIST.
3561
3562Note, this IOCTL is deprecated and the more flexible SET/GET_DEVICE_ATTR API
3563should be used instead.
3564
3565
35664.86 KVM_PPC_RTAS_DEFINE_TOKEN
3567------------------------------
3568
3569:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RTAS
3570:Architectures: ppc
3571:Type: vm ioctl
3572:Parameters: struct kvm_rtas_token_args
3573:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3574
3575Defines a token value for a RTAS (Run Time Abstraction Services)
3576service in order to allow it to be handled in the kernel.  The
3577argument struct gives the name of the service, which must be the name
3578of a service that has a kernel-side implementation.  If the token
3579value is non-zero, it will be associated with that service, and
3580subsequent RTAS calls by the guest specifying that token will be
3581handled by the kernel.  If the token value is 0, then any token
3582associated with the service will be forgotten, and subsequent RTAS
3583calls by the guest for that service will be passed to userspace to be
3584handled.
3585
35864.87 KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG
3587------------------------
3588
3589:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_GUEST_DEBUG
3590:Architectures: x86, s390, ppc, arm64
3591:Type: vcpu ioctl
3592:Parameters: struct kvm_guest_debug (in)
3593:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3594
3595::
3596
3597  struct kvm_guest_debug {
3598       __u32 control;
3599       __u32 pad;
3600       struct kvm_guest_debug_arch arch;
3601  };
3602
3603Set up the processor specific debug registers and configure vcpu for
3604handling guest debug events. There are two parts to the structure, the
3605first a control bitfield indicates the type of debug events to handle
3606when running. Common control bits are:
3607
3608  - KVM_GUESTDBG_ENABLE:        guest debugging is enabled
3609  - KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP:    the next run should single-step
3610
3611The top 16 bits of the control field are architecture specific control
3612flags which can include the following:
3613
3614  - KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_SW_BP:     using software breakpoints [x86, arm64]
3615  - KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP:     using hardware breakpoints [x86, s390]
3616  - KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW:        using hardware debug events [arm64]
3617  - KVM_GUESTDBG_INJECT_DB:     inject DB type exception [x86]
3618  - KVM_GUESTDBG_INJECT_BP:     inject BP type exception [x86]
3619  - KVM_GUESTDBG_EXIT_PENDING:  trigger an immediate guest exit [s390]
3620  - KVM_GUESTDBG_BLOCKIRQ:      avoid injecting interrupts/NMI/SMI [x86]
3621
3622For example KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_SW_BP indicates that software breakpoints
3623are enabled in memory so we need to ensure breakpoint exceptions are
3624correctly trapped and the KVM run loop exits at the breakpoint and not
3625running off into the normal guest vector. For KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP
3626we need to ensure the guest vCPUs architecture specific registers are
3627updated to the correct (supplied) values.
3628
3629The second part of the structure is architecture specific and
3630typically contains a set of debug registers.
3631
3632For arm64 the number of debug registers is implementation defined and
3633can be determined by querying the KVM_CAP_GUEST_DEBUG_HW_BPS and
3634KVM_CAP_GUEST_DEBUG_HW_WPS capabilities which return a positive number
3635indicating the number of supported registers.
3636
3637For ppc, the KVM_CAP_PPC_GUEST_DEBUG_SSTEP capability indicates whether
3638the single-step debug event (KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP) is supported.
3639
3640Also when supported, KVM_CAP_SET_GUEST_DEBUG2 capability indicates the
3641supported KVM_GUESTDBG_* bits in the control field.
3642
3643When debug events exit the main run loop with the reason
3644KVM_EXIT_DEBUG with the kvm_debug_exit_arch part of the kvm_run
3645structure containing architecture specific debug information.
3646
36474.88 KVM_GET_EMULATED_CPUID
3648---------------------------
3649
3650:Capability: KVM_CAP_EXT_EMUL_CPUID
3651:Architectures: x86
3652:Type: system ioctl
3653:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid2 (in/out)
3654:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3655
3656::
3657
3658  struct kvm_cpuid2 {
3659	__u32 nent;
3660	__u32 flags;
3661	struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 entries[0];
3662  };
3663
3664The member 'flags' is used for passing flags from userspace.
3665
3666::
3667
3668  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX		BIT(0)
3669  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATEFUL_FUNC		BIT(1) /* deprecated */
3670  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATE_READ_NEXT		BIT(2) /* deprecated */
3671
3672  struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 {
3673	__u32 function;
3674	__u32 index;
3675	__u32 flags;
3676	__u32 eax;
3677	__u32 ebx;
3678	__u32 ecx;
3679	__u32 edx;
3680	__u32 padding[3];
3681  };
3682
3683This ioctl returns x86 cpuid features which are emulated by
3684kvm.Userspace can use the information returned by this ioctl to query
3685which features are emulated by kvm instead of being present natively.
3686
3687Userspace invokes KVM_GET_EMULATED_CPUID by passing a kvm_cpuid2
3688structure with the 'nent' field indicating the number of entries in
3689the variable-size array 'entries'. If the number of entries is too low
3690to describe the cpu capabilities, an error (E2BIG) is returned. If the
3691number is too high, the 'nent' field is adjusted and an error (ENOMEM)
3692is returned. If the number is just right, the 'nent' field is adjusted
3693to the number of valid entries in the 'entries' array, which is then
3694filled.
3695
3696The entries returned are the set CPUID bits of the respective features
3697which kvm emulates, as returned by the CPUID instruction, with unknown
3698or unsupported feature bits cleared.
3699
3700Features like x2apic, for example, may not be present in the host cpu
3701but are exposed by kvm in KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID because they can be
3702emulated efficiently and thus not included here.
3703
3704The fields in each entry are defined as follows:
3705
3706  function:
3707	 the eax value used to obtain the entry
3708  index:
3709	 the ecx value used to obtain the entry (for entries that are
3710         affected by ecx)
3711  flags:
3712    an OR of zero or more of the following:
3713
3714        KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX:
3715           if the index field is valid
3716
3717   eax, ebx, ecx, edx:
3718
3719         the values returned by the cpuid instruction for
3720         this function/index combination
3721
37224.89 KVM_S390_MEM_OP
3723--------------------
3724
3725:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP, KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED, KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP_EXTENSION
3726:Architectures: s390
3727:Type: vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
3728:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_mem_op (in)
3729:Returns: = 0 on success,
3730          < 0 on generic error (e.g. -EFAULT or -ENOMEM),
3731          > 0 if an exception occurred while walking the page tables
3732
3733Read or write data from/to the VM's memory.
3734The KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP_EXTENSION capability specifies what functionality is
3735supported.
3736
3737Parameters are specified via the following structure::
3738
3739  struct kvm_s390_mem_op {
3740	__u64 gaddr;		/* the guest address */
3741	__u64 flags;		/* flags */
3742	__u32 size;		/* amount of bytes */
3743	__u32 op;		/* type of operation */
3744	__u64 buf;		/* buffer in userspace */
3745	union {
3746		struct {
3747			__u8 ar;	/* the access register number */
3748			__u8 key;	/* access key, ignored if flag unset */
3749		};
3750		__u32 sida_offset; /* offset into the sida */
3751		__u8 reserved[32]; /* ignored */
3752	};
3753  };
3754
3755The start address of the memory region has to be specified in the "gaddr"
3756field, and the length of the region in the "size" field (which must not
3757be 0). The maximum value for "size" can be obtained by checking the
3758KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP capability. "buf" is the buffer supplied by the
3759userspace application where the read data should be written to for
3760a read access, or where the data that should be written is stored for
3761a write access.  The "reserved" field is meant for future extensions.
3762Reserved and unused values are ignored. Future extension that add members must
3763introduce new flags.
3764
3765The type of operation is specified in the "op" field. Flags modifying
3766their behavior can be set in the "flags" field. Undefined flag bits must
3767be set to 0.
3768
3769Possible operations are:
3770  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_READ``
3771  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_WRITE``
3772  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_ABSOLUTE_READ``
3773  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_ABSOLUTE_WRITE``
3774  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_SIDA_READ``
3775  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_SIDA_WRITE``
3776
3777Logical read/write:
3778^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
3779
3780Access logical memory, i.e. translate the given guest address to an absolute
3781address given the state of the VCPU and use the absolute address as target of
3782the access. "ar" designates the access register number to be used; the valid
3783range is 0..15.
3784Logical accesses are permitted for the VCPU ioctl only.
3785Logical accesses are permitted for non-protected guests only.
3786
3787Supported flags:
3788  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY``
3789  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_INJECT_EXCEPTION``
3790  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_SKEY_PROTECTION``
3791
3792The KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY flag can be set to check whether the
3793corresponding memory access would cause an access exception; however,
3794no actual access to the data in memory at the destination is performed.
3795In this case, "buf" is unused and can be NULL.
3796
3797In case an access exception occurred during the access (or would occur
3798in case of KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY), the ioctl returns a positive
3799error number indicating the type of exception. This exception is also
3800raised directly at the corresponding VCPU if the flag
3801KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_INJECT_EXCEPTION is set.
3802On protection exceptions, unless specified otherwise, the injected
3803translation-exception identifier (TEID) indicates suppression.
3804
3805If the KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_SKEY_PROTECTION flag is set, storage key
3806protection is also in effect and may cause exceptions if accesses are
3807prohibited given the access key designated by "key"; the valid range is 0..15.
3808KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_SKEY_PROTECTION is available if KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP_EXTENSION
3809is > 0.
3810Since the accessed memory may span multiple pages and those pages might have
3811different storage keys, it is possible that a protection exception occurs
3812after memory has been modified. In this case, if the exception is injected,
3813the TEID does not indicate suppression.
3814
3815Absolute read/write:
3816^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
3817
3818Access absolute memory. This operation is intended to be used with the
3819KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_SKEY_PROTECTION flag, to allow accessing memory and performing
3820the checks required for storage key protection as one operation (as opposed to
3821user space getting the storage keys, performing the checks, and accessing
3822memory thereafter, which could lead to a delay between check and access).
3823Absolute accesses are permitted for the VM ioctl if KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP_EXTENSION
3824is > 0.
3825Currently absolute accesses are not permitted for VCPU ioctls.
3826Absolute accesses are permitted for non-protected guests only.
3827
3828Supported flags:
3829  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY``
3830  * ``KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_SKEY_PROTECTION``
3831
3832The semantics of the flags are as for logical accesses.
3833
3834SIDA read/write:
3835^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
3836
3837Access the secure instruction data area which contains memory operands necessary
3838for instruction emulation for protected guests.
3839SIDA accesses are available if the KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED capability is available.
3840SIDA accesses are permitted for the VCPU ioctl only.
3841SIDA accesses are permitted for protected guests only.
3842
3843No flags are supported.
3844
38454.90 KVM_S390_GET_SKEYS
3846-----------------------
3847
3848:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_SKEYS
3849:Architectures: s390
3850:Type: vm ioctl
3851:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_skeys
3852:Returns: 0 on success, KVM_S390_GET_SKEYS_NONE if guest is not using storage
3853          keys, negative value on error
3854
3855This ioctl is used to get guest storage key values on the s390
3856architecture. The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_skeys struct::
3857
3858  struct kvm_s390_skeys {
3859	__u64 start_gfn;
3860	__u64 count;
3861	__u64 skeydata_addr;
3862	__u32 flags;
3863	__u32 reserved[9];
3864  };
3865
3866The start_gfn field is the number of the first guest frame whose storage keys
3867you want to get.
3868
3869The count field is the number of consecutive frames (starting from start_gfn)
3870whose storage keys to get. The count field must be at least 1 and the maximum
3871allowed value is defined as KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX. Values outside this range
3872will cause the ioctl to return -EINVAL.
3873
3874The skeydata_addr field is the address to a buffer large enough to hold count
3875bytes. This buffer will be filled with storage key data by the ioctl.
3876
38774.91 KVM_S390_SET_SKEYS
3878-----------------------
3879
3880:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_SKEYS
3881:Architectures: s390
3882:Type: vm ioctl
3883:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_skeys
3884:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on error
3885
3886This ioctl is used to set guest storage key values on the s390
3887architecture. The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_skeys struct.
3888See section on KVM_S390_GET_SKEYS for struct definition.
3889
3890The start_gfn field is the number of the first guest frame whose storage keys
3891you want to set.
3892
3893The count field is the number of consecutive frames (starting from start_gfn)
3894whose storage keys to get. The count field must be at least 1 and the maximum
3895allowed value is defined as KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX. Values outside this range
3896will cause the ioctl to return -EINVAL.
3897
3898The skeydata_addr field is the address to a buffer containing count bytes of
3899storage keys. Each byte in the buffer will be set as the storage key for a
3900single frame starting at start_gfn for count frames.
3901
3902Note: If any architecturally invalid key value is found in the given data then
3903the ioctl will return -EINVAL.
3904
39054.92 KVM_S390_IRQ
3906-----------------
3907
3908:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_INJECT_IRQ
3909:Architectures: s390
3910:Type: vcpu ioctl
3911:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_irq (in)
3912:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3913
3914Errors:
3915
3916
3917  ======  =================================================================
3918  EINVAL  interrupt type is invalid
3919          type is KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP and flag parameter is invalid value,
3920          type is KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL and code is bigger
3921          than the maximum of VCPUs
3922  EBUSY   type is KVM_S390_SIGP_SET_PREFIX and vcpu is not stopped,
3923          type is KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP and a stop irq is already pending,
3924          type is KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL and an external call interrupt
3925          is already pending
3926  ======  =================================================================
3927
3928Allows to inject an interrupt to the guest.
3929
3930Using struct kvm_s390_irq as a parameter allows
3931to inject additional payload which is not
3932possible via KVM_S390_INTERRUPT.
3933
3934Interrupt parameters are passed via kvm_s390_irq::
3935
3936  struct kvm_s390_irq {
3937	__u64 type;
3938	union {
3939		struct kvm_s390_io_info io;
3940		struct kvm_s390_ext_info ext;
3941		struct kvm_s390_pgm_info pgm;
3942		struct kvm_s390_emerg_info emerg;
3943		struct kvm_s390_extcall_info extcall;
3944		struct kvm_s390_prefix_info prefix;
3945		struct kvm_s390_stop_info stop;
3946		struct kvm_s390_mchk_info mchk;
3947		char reserved[64];
3948	} u;
3949  };
3950
3951type can be one of the following:
3952
3953- KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP - sigp stop; parameter in .stop
3954- KVM_S390_PROGRAM_INT - program check; parameters in .pgm
3955- KVM_S390_SIGP_SET_PREFIX - sigp set prefix; parameters in .prefix
3956- KVM_S390_RESTART - restart; no parameters
3957- KVM_S390_INT_CLOCK_COMP - clock comparator interrupt; no parameters
3958- KVM_S390_INT_CPU_TIMER - CPU timer interrupt; no parameters
3959- KVM_S390_INT_EMERGENCY - sigp emergency; parameters in .emerg
3960- KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL - sigp external call; parameters in .extcall
3961- KVM_S390_MCHK - machine check interrupt; parameters in .mchk
3962
3963This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
3964
39654.94 KVM_S390_GET_IRQ_STATE
3966---------------------------
3967
3968:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_IRQ_STATE
3969:Architectures: s390
3970:Type: vcpu ioctl
3971:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_irq_state (out)
3972:Returns: >= number of bytes copied into buffer,
3973          -EINVAL if buffer size is 0,
3974          -ENOBUFS if buffer size is too small to fit all pending interrupts,
3975          -EFAULT if the buffer address was invalid
3976
3977This ioctl allows userspace to retrieve the complete state of all currently
3978pending interrupts in a single buffer. Use cases include migration
3979and introspection. The parameter structure contains the address of a
3980userspace buffer and its length::
3981
3982  struct kvm_s390_irq_state {
3983	__u64 buf;
3984	__u32 flags;        /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
3985	__u32 len;
3986	__u32 reserved[4];  /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
3987  };
3988
3989Userspace passes in the above struct and for each pending interrupt a
3990struct kvm_s390_irq is copied to the provided buffer.
3991
3992The structure contains a flags and a reserved field for future extensions. As
3993the kernel never checked for flags == 0 and QEMU never pre-zeroed flags and
3994reserved, these fields can not be used in the future without breaking
3995compatibility.
3996
3997If -ENOBUFS is returned the buffer provided was too small and userspace
3998may retry with a bigger buffer.
3999
40004.95 KVM_S390_SET_IRQ_STATE
4001---------------------------
4002
4003:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_IRQ_STATE
4004:Architectures: s390
4005:Type: vcpu ioctl
4006:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_irq_state (in)
4007:Returns: 0 on success,
4008          -EFAULT if the buffer address was invalid,
4009          -EINVAL for an invalid buffer length (see below),
4010          -EBUSY if there were already interrupts pending,
4011          errors occurring when actually injecting the
4012          interrupt. See KVM_S390_IRQ.
4013
4014This ioctl allows userspace to set the complete state of all cpu-local
4015interrupts currently pending for the vcpu. It is intended for restoring
4016interrupt state after a migration. The input parameter is a userspace buffer
4017containing a struct kvm_s390_irq_state::
4018
4019  struct kvm_s390_irq_state {
4020	__u64 buf;
4021	__u32 flags;        /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
4022	__u32 len;
4023	__u32 reserved[4];  /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
4024  };
4025
4026The restrictions for flags and reserved apply as well.
4027(see KVM_S390_GET_IRQ_STATE)
4028
4029The userspace memory referenced by buf contains a struct kvm_s390_irq
4030for each interrupt to be injected into the guest.
4031If one of the interrupts could not be injected for some reason the
4032ioctl aborts.
4033
4034len must be a multiple of sizeof(struct kvm_s390_irq). It must be > 0
4035and it must not exceed (max_vcpus + 32) * sizeof(struct kvm_s390_irq),
4036which is the maximum number of possibly pending cpu-local interrupts.
4037
40384.96 KVM_SMI
4039------------
4040
4041:Capability: KVM_CAP_X86_SMM
4042:Architectures: x86
4043:Type: vcpu ioctl
4044:Parameters: none
4045:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4046
4047Queues an SMI on the thread's vcpu.
4048
40494.97 KVM_X86_SET_MSR_FILTER
4050----------------------------
4051
4052:Capability: KVM_CAP_X86_MSR_FILTER
4053:Architectures: x86
4054:Type: vm ioctl
4055:Parameters: struct kvm_msr_filter
4056:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
4057
4058::
4059
4060  struct kvm_msr_filter_range {
4061  #define KVM_MSR_FILTER_READ  (1 << 0)
4062  #define KVM_MSR_FILTER_WRITE (1 << 1)
4063	__u32 flags;
4064	__u32 nmsrs; /* number of msrs in bitmap */
4065	__u32 base;  /* MSR index the bitmap starts at */
4066	__u8 *bitmap; /* a 1 bit allows the operations in flags, 0 denies */
4067  };
4068
4069  #define KVM_MSR_FILTER_MAX_RANGES 16
4070  struct kvm_msr_filter {
4071  #define KVM_MSR_FILTER_DEFAULT_ALLOW (0 << 0)
4072  #define KVM_MSR_FILTER_DEFAULT_DENY  (1 << 0)
4073	__u32 flags;
4074	struct kvm_msr_filter_range ranges[KVM_MSR_FILTER_MAX_RANGES];
4075  };
4076
4077flags values for ``struct kvm_msr_filter_range``:
4078
4079``KVM_MSR_FILTER_READ``
4080
4081  Filter read accesses to MSRs using the given bitmap. A 0 in the bitmap
4082  indicates that read accesses should be denied, while a 1 indicates that
4083  a read for a particular MSR should be allowed regardless of the default
4084  filter action.
4085
4086``KVM_MSR_FILTER_WRITE``
4087
4088  Filter write accesses to MSRs using the given bitmap. A 0 in the bitmap
4089  indicates that write accesses should be denied, while a 1 indicates that
4090  a write for a particular MSR should be allowed regardless of the default
4091  filter action.
4092
4093flags values for ``struct kvm_msr_filter``:
4094
4095``KVM_MSR_FILTER_DEFAULT_ALLOW``
4096
4097  If no filter range matches an MSR index that is getting accessed, KVM will
4098  allow accesses to all MSRs by default.
4099
4100``KVM_MSR_FILTER_DEFAULT_DENY``
4101
4102  If no filter range matches an MSR index that is getting accessed, KVM will
4103  deny accesses to all MSRs by default.
4104
4105This ioctl allows userspace to define up to 16 bitmaps of MSR ranges to deny
4106guest MSR accesses that would normally be allowed by KVM.  If an MSR is not
4107covered by a specific range, the "default" filtering behavior applies.  Each
4108bitmap range covers MSRs from [base .. base+nmsrs).
4109
4110If an MSR access is denied by userspace, the resulting KVM behavior depends on
4111whether or not KVM_CAP_X86_USER_SPACE_MSR's KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_FILTER is
4112enabled.  If KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_FILTER is enabled, KVM will exit to userspace
4113on denied accesses, i.e. userspace effectively intercepts the MSR access.  If
4114KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_FILTER is not enabled, KVM will inject a #GP into the guest
4115on denied accesses.
4116
4117If an MSR access is allowed by userspace, KVM will emulate and/or virtualize
4118the access in accordance with the vCPU model.  Note, KVM may still ultimately
4119inject a #GP if an access is allowed by userspace, e.g. if KVM doesn't support
4120the MSR, or to follow architectural behavior for the MSR.
4121
4122By default, KVM operates in KVM_MSR_FILTER_DEFAULT_ALLOW mode with no MSR range
4123filters.
4124
4125Calling this ioctl with an empty set of ranges (all nmsrs == 0) disables MSR
4126filtering. In that mode, ``KVM_MSR_FILTER_DEFAULT_DENY`` is invalid and causes
4127an error.
4128
4129.. warning::
4130   MSR accesses as part of nested VM-Enter/VM-Exit are not filtered.
4131   This includes both writes to individual VMCS fields and reads/writes
4132   through the MSR lists pointed to by the VMCS.
4133
4134   x2APIC MSR accesses cannot be filtered (KVM silently ignores filters that
4135   cover any x2APIC MSRs).
4136
4137Note, invoking this ioctl while a vCPU is running is inherently racy.  However,
4138KVM does guarantee that vCPUs will see either the previous filter or the new
4139filter, e.g. MSRs with identical settings in both the old and new filter will
4140have deterministic behavior.
4141
4142Similarly, if userspace wishes to intercept on denied accesses,
4143KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_FILTER must be enabled before activating any filters, and
4144left enabled until after all filters are deactivated.  Failure to do so may
4145result in KVM injecting a #GP instead of exiting to userspace.
4146
41474.98 KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE_64
4148----------------------------
4149
4150:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE_64
4151:Architectures: powerpc
4152:Type: vm ioctl
4153:Parameters: struct kvm_create_spapr_tce_64 (in)
4154:Returns: file descriptor for manipulating the created TCE table
4155
4156This is an extension for KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE which only supports 32bit
4157windows, described in 4.62 KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE
4158
4159This capability uses extended struct in ioctl interface::
4160
4161  /* for KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE_64 */
4162  struct kvm_create_spapr_tce_64 {
4163	__u64 liobn;
4164	__u32 page_shift;
4165	__u32 flags;
4166	__u64 offset;	/* in pages */
4167	__u64 size; 	/* in pages */
4168  };
4169
4170The aim of extension is to support an additional bigger DMA window with
4171a variable page size.
4172KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE_64 receives a 64bit window size, an IOMMU page shift and
4173a bus offset of the corresponding DMA window, @size and @offset are numbers
4174of IOMMU pages.
4175
4176@flags are not used at the moment.
4177
4178The rest of functionality is identical to KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE.
4179
41804.99 KVM_REINJECT_CONTROL
4181-------------------------
4182
4183:Capability: KVM_CAP_REINJECT_CONTROL
4184:Architectures: x86
4185:Type: vm ioctl
4186:Parameters: struct kvm_reinject_control (in)
4187:Returns: 0 on success,
4188         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
4189         -ENXIO if KVM_CREATE_PIT or KVM_CREATE_PIT2 didn't succeed earlier.
4190
4191i8254 (PIT) has two modes, reinject and !reinject.  The default is reinject,
4192where KVM queues elapsed i8254 ticks and monitors completion of interrupt from
4193vector(s) that i8254 injects.  Reinject mode dequeues a tick and injects its
4194interrupt whenever there isn't a pending interrupt from i8254.
4195!reinject mode injects an interrupt as soon as a tick arrives.
4196
4197::
4198
4199  struct kvm_reinject_control {
4200	__u8 pit_reinject;
4201	__u8 reserved[31];
4202  };
4203
4204pit_reinject = 0 (!reinject mode) is recommended, unless running an old
4205operating system that uses the PIT for timing (e.g. Linux 2.4.x).
4206
42074.100 KVM_PPC_CONFIGURE_V3_MMU
4208------------------------------
4209
4210:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RADIX_MMU or KVM_CAP_PPC_HASH_MMU_V3
4211:Architectures: ppc
4212:Type: vm ioctl
4213:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_mmuv3_cfg (in)
4214:Returns: 0 on success,
4215         -EFAULT if struct kvm_ppc_mmuv3_cfg cannot be read,
4216         -EINVAL if the configuration is invalid
4217
4218This ioctl controls whether the guest will use radix or HPT (hashed
4219page table) translation, and sets the pointer to the process table for
4220the guest.
4221
4222::
4223
4224  struct kvm_ppc_mmuv3_cfg {
4225	__u64	flags;
4226	__u64	process_table;
4227  };
4228
4229There are two bits that can be set in flags; KVM_PPC_MMUV3_RADIX and
4230KVM_PPC_MMUV3_GTSE.  KVM_PPC_MMUV3_RADIX, if set, configures the guest
4231to use radix tree translation, and if clear, to use HPT translation.
4232KVM_PPC_MMUV3_GTSE, if set and if KVM permits it, configures the guest
4233to be able to use the global TLB and SLB invalidation instructions;
4234if clear, the guest may not use these instructions.
4235
4236The process_table field specifies the address and size of the guest
4237process table, which is in the guest's space.  This field is formatted
4238as the second doubleword of the partition table entry, as defined in
4239the Power ISA V3.00, Book III section 5.7.6.1.
4240
42414.101 KVM_PPC_GET_RMMU_INFO
4242---------------------------
4243
4244:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RADIX_MMU
4245:Architectures: ppc
4246:Type: vm ioctl
4247:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info (out)
4248:Returns: 0 on success,
4249	 -EFAULT if struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info cannot be written,
4250	 -EINVAL if no useful information can be returned
4251
4252This ioctl returns a structure containing two things: (a) a list
4253containing supported radix tree geometries, and (b) a list that maps
4254page sizes to put in the "AP" (actual page size) field for the tlbie
4255(TLB invalidate entry) instruction.
4256
4257::
4258
4259  struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info {
4260	struct kvm_ppc_radix_geom {
4261		__u8	page_shift;
4262		__u8	level_bits[4];
4263		__u8	pad[3];
4264	}	geometries[8];
4265	__u32	ap_encodings[8];
4266  };
4267
4268The geometries[] field gives up to 8 supported geometries for the
4269radix page table, in terms of the log base 2 of the smallest page
4270size, and the number of bits indexed at each level of the tree, from
4271the PTE level up to the PGD level in that order.  Any unused entries
4272will have 0 in the page_shift field.
4273
4274The ap_encodings gives the supported page sizes and their AP field
4275encodings, encoded with the AP value in the top 3 bits and the log
4276base 2 of the page size in the bottom 6 bits.
4277
42784.102 KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE
4279--------------------------------
4280
4281:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_RESIZE_HPT
4282:Architectures: powerpc
4283:Type: vm ioctl
4284:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt (in)
4285:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
4286	 >0 if a new HPT is being prepared, the value is an estimated
4287         number of milliseconds until preparation is complete,
4288         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
4289	 -EINVAL if the supplied shift or flags are invalid,
4290	 -ENOMEM if unable to allocate the new HPT,
4291
4292Used to implement the PAPR extension for runtime resizing of a guest's
4293Hashed Page Table (HPT).  Specifically this starts, stops or monitors
4294the preparation of a new potential HPT for the guest, essentially
4295implementing the H_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE hypercall.
4296
4297::
4298
4299  struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt {
4300	__u64 flags;
4301	__u32 shift;
4302	__u32 pad;
4303  };
4304
4305If called with shift > 0 when there is no pending HPT for the guest,
4306this begins preparation of a new pending HPT of size 2^(shift) bytes.
4307It then returns a positive integer with the estimated number of
4308milliseconds until preparation is complete.
4309
4310If called when there is a pending HPT whose size does not match that
4311requested in the parameters, discards the existing pending HPT and
4312creates a new one as above.
4313
4314If called when there is a pending HPT of the size requested, will:
4315
4316  * If preparation of the pending HPT is already complete, return 0
4317  * If preparation of the pending HPT has failed, return an error
4318    code, then discard the pending HPT.
4319  * If preparation of the pending HPT is still in progress, return an
4320    estimated number of milliseconds until preparation is complete.
4321
4322If called with shift == 0, discards any currently pending HPT and
4323returns 0 (i.e. cancels any in-progress preparation).
4324
4325flags is reserved for future expansion, currently setting any bits in
4326flags will result in an -EINVAL.
4327
4328Normally this will be called repeatedly with the same parameters until
4329it returns <= 0.  The first call will initiate preparation, subsequent
4330ones will monitor preparation until it completes or fails.
4331
43324.103 KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_COMMIT
4333-------------------------------
4334
4335:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_RESIZE_HPT
4336:Architectures: powerpc
4337:Type: vm ioctl
4338:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt (in)
4339:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
4340         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
4341	 -EINVAL if the supplied shift or flags are invalid,
4342	 -ENXIO is there is no pending HPT, or the pending HPT doesn't
4343         have the requested size,
4344	 -EBUSY if the pending HPT is not fully prepared,
4345	 -ENOSPC if there was a hash collision when moving existing
4346         HPT entries to the new HPT,
4347	 -EIO on other error conditions
4348
4349Used to implement the PAPR extension for runtime resizing of a guest's
4350Hashed Page Table (HPT).  Specifically this requests that the guest be
4351transferred to working with the new HPT, essentially implementing the
4352H_RESIZE_HPT_COMMIT hypercall.
4353
4354::
4355
4356  struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt {
4357	__u64 flags;
4358	__u32 shift;
4359	__u32 pad;
4360  };
4361
4362This should only be called after KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE has
4363returned 0 with the same parameters.  In other cases
4364KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_COMMIT will return an error (usually -ENXIO or
4365-EBUSY, though others may be possible if the preparation was started,
4366but failed).
4367
4368This will have undefined effects on the guest if it has not already
4369placed itself in a quiescent state where no vcpu will make MMU enabled
4370memory accesses.
4371
4372On succsful completion, the pending HPT will become the guest's active
4373HPT and the previous HPT will be discarded.
4374
4375On failure, the guest will still be operating on its previous HPT.
4376
43774.104 KVM_X86_GET_MCE_CAP_SUPPORTED
4378-----------------------------------
4379
4380:Capability: KVM_CAP_MCE
4381:Architectures: x86
4382:Type: system ioctl
4383:Parameters: u64 mce_cap (out)
4384:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4385
4386Returns supported MCE capabilities. The u64 mce_cap parameter
4387has the same format as the MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP register. Supported
4388capabilities will have the corresponding bits set.
4389
43904.105 KVM_X86_SETUP_MCE
4391-----------------------
4392
4393:Capability: KVM_CAP_MCE
4394:Architectures: x86
4395:Type: vcpu ioctl
4396:Parameters: u64 mcg_cap (in)
4397:Returns: 0 on success,
4398         -EFAULT if u64 mcg_cap cannot be read,
4399         -EINVAL if the requested number of banks is invalid,
4400         -EINVAL if requested MCE capability is not supported.
4401
4402Initializes MCE support for use. The u64 mcg_cap parameter
4403has the same format as the MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP register and
4404specifies which capabilities should be enabled. The maximum
4405supported number of error-reporting banks can be retrieved when
4406checking for KVM_CAP_MCE. The supported capabilities can be
4407retrieved with KVM_X86_GET_MCE_CAP_SUPPORTED.
4408
44094.106 KVM_X86_SET_MCE
4410---------------------
4411
4412:Capability: KVM_CAP_MCE
4413:Architectures: x86
4414:Type: vcpu ioctl
4415:Parameters: struct kvm_x86_mce (in)
4416:Returns: 0 on success,
4417         -EFAULT if struct kvm_x86_mce cannot be read,
4418         -EINVAL if the bank number is invalid,
4419         -EINVAL if VAL bit is not set in status field.
4420
4421Inject a machine check error (MCE) into the guest. The input
4422parameter is::
4423
4424  struct kvm_x86_mce {
4425	__u64 status;
4426	__u64 addr;
4427	__u64 misc;
4428	__u64 mcg_status;
4429	__u8 bank;
4430	__u8 pad1[7];
4431	__u64 pad2[3];
4432  };
4433
4434If the MCE being reported is an uncorrected error, KVM will
4435inject it as an MCE exception into the guest. If the guest
4436MCG_STATUS register reports that an MCE is in progress, KVM
4437causes an KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN vmexit.
4438
4439Otherwise, if the MCE is a corrected error, KVM will just
4440store it in the corresponding bank (provided this bank is
4441not holding a previously reported uncorrected error).
4442
44434.107 KVM_S390_GET_CMMA_BITS
4444----------------------------
4445
4446:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_CMMA_MIGRATION
4447:Architectures: s390
4448:Type: vm ioctl
4449:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_cmma_log (in, out)
4450:Returns: 0 on success, a negative value on error
4451
4452This ioctl is used to get the values of the CMMA bits on the s390
4453architecture. It is meant to be used in two scenarios:
4454
4455- During live migration to save the CMMA values. Live migration needs
4456  to be enabled via the KVM_REQ_START_MIGRATION VM property.
4457- To non-destructively peek at the CMMA values, with the flag
4458  KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK set.
4459
4460The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_cmma_log struct. The desired
4461values are written to a buffer whose location is indicated via the "values"
4462member in the kvm_s390_cmma_log struct.  The values in the input struct are
4463also updated as needed.
4464
4465Each CMMA value takes up one byte.
4466
4467::
4468
4469  struct kvm_s390_cmma_log {
4470	__u64 start_gfn;
4471	__u32 count;
4472	__u32 flags;
4473	union {
4474		__u64 remaining;
4475		__u64 mask;
4476	};
4477	__u64 values;
4478  };
4479
4480start_gfn is the number of the first guest frame whose CMMA values are
4481to be retrieved,
4482
4483count is the length of the buffer in bytes,
4484
4485values points to the buffer where the result will be written to.
4486
4487If count is greater than KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX, then it is considered to be
4488KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX. KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX is re-used for consistency with
4489other ioctls.
4490
4491The result is written in the buffer pointed to by the field values, and
4492the values of the input parameter are updated as follows.
4493
4494Depending on the flags, different actions are performed. The only
4495supported flag so far is KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK.
4496
4497The default behaviour if KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is not set is:
4498start_gfn will indicate the first page frame whose CMMA bits were dirty.
4499It is not necessarily the same as the one passed as input, as clean pages
4500are skipped.
4501
4502count will indicate the number of bytes actually written in the buffer.
4503It can (and very often will) be smaller than the input value, since the
4504buffer is only filled until 16 bytes of clean values are found (which
4505are then not copied in the buffer). Since a CMMA migration block needs
4506the base address and the length, for a total of 16 bytes, we will send
4507back some clean data if there is some dirty data afterwards, as long as
4508the size of the clean data does not exceed the size of the header. This
4509allows to minimize the amount of data to be saved or transferred over
4510the network at the expense of more roundtrips to userspace. The next
4511invocation of the ioctl will skip over all the clean values, saving
4512potentially more than just the 16 bytes we found.
4513
4514If KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is set:
4515the existing storage attributes are read even when not in migration
4516mode, and no other action is performed;
4517
4518the output start_gfn will be equal to the input start_gfn,
4519
4520the output count will be equal to the input count, except if the end of
4521memory has been reached.
4522
4523In both cases:
4524the field "remaining" will indicate the total number of dirty CMMA values
4525still remaining, or 0 if KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is set and migration mode is
4526not enabled.
4527
4528mask is unused.
4529
4530values points to the userspace buffer where the result will be stored.
4531
4532This ioctl can fail with -ENOMEM if not enough memory can be allocated to
4533complete the task, with -ENXIO if CMMA is not enabled, with -EINVAL if
4534KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is not set but migration mode was not enabled, with
4535-EFAULT if the userspace address is invalid or if no page table is
4536present for the addresses (e.g. when using hugepages).
4537
45384.108 KVM_S390_SET_CMMA_BITS
4539----------------------------
4540
4541:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_CMMA_MIGRATION
4542:Architectures: s390
4543:Type: vm ioctl
4544:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_cmma_log (in)
4545:Returns: 0 on success, a negative value on error
4546
4547This ioctl is used to set the values of the CMMA bits on the s390
4548architecture. It is meant to be used during live migration to restore
4549the CMMA values, but there are no restrictions on its use.
4550The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_cmma_values struct.
4551Each CMMA value takes up one byte.
4552
4553::
4554
4555  struct kvm_s390_cmma_log {
4556	__u64 start_gfn;
4557	__u32 count;
4558	__u32 flags;
4559	union {
4560		__u64 remaining;
4561		__u64 mask;
4562 	};
4563	__u64 values;
4564  };
4565
4566start_gfn indicates the starting guest frame number,
4567
4568count indicates how many values are to be considered in the buffer,
4569
4570flags is not used and must be 0.
4571
4572mask indicates which PGSTE bits are to be considered.
4573
4574remaining is not used.
4575
4576values points to the buffer in userspace where to store the values.
4577
4578This ioctl can fail with -ENOMEM if not enough memory can be allocated to
4579complete the task, with -ENXIO if CMMA is not enabled, with -EINVAL if
4580the count field is too large (e.g. more than KVM_S390_CMMA_SIZE_MAX) or
4581if the flags field was not 0, with -EFAULT if the userspace address is
4582invalid, if invalid pages are written to (e.g. after the end of memory)
4583or if no page table is present for the addresses (e.g. when using
4584hugepages).
4585
45864.109 KVM_PPC_GET_CPU_CHAR
4587--------------------------
4588
4589:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_GET_CPU_CHAR
4590:Architectures: powerpc
4591:Type: vm ioctl
4592:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char (out)
4593:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
4594	 -EFAULT if struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char cannot be written
4595
4596This ioctl gives userspace information about certain characteristics
4597of the CPU relating to speculative execution of instructions and
4598possible information leakage resulting from speculative execution (see
4599CVE-2017-5715, CVE-2017-5753 and CVE-2017-5754).  The information is
4600returned in struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char, which looks like this::
4601
4602  struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char {
4603	__u64	character;		/* characteristics of the CPU */
4604	__u64	behaviour;		/* recommended software behaviour */
4605	__u64	character_mask;		/* valid bits in character */
4606	__u64	behaviour_mask;		/* valid bits in behaviour */
4607  };
4608
4609For extensibility, the character_mask and behaviour_mask fields
4610indicate which bits of character and behaviour have been filled in by
4611the kernel.  If the set of defined bits is extended in future then
4612userspace will be able to tell whether it is running on a kernel that
4613knows about the new bits.
4614
4615The character field describes attributes of the CPU which can help
4616with preventing inadvertent information disclosure - specifically,
4617whether there is an instruction to flash-invalidate the L1 data cache
4618(ori 30,30,0 or mtspr SPRN_TRIG2,rN), whether the L1 data cache is set
4619to a mode where entries can only be used by the thread that created
4620them, whether the bcctr[l] instruction prevents speculation, and
4621whether a speculation barrier instruction (ori 31,31,0) is provided.
4622
4623The behaviour field describes actions that software should take to
4624prevent inadvertent information disclosure, and thus describes which
4625vulnerabilities the hardware is subject to; specifically whether the
4626L1 data cache should be flushed when returning to user mode from the
4627kernel, and whether a speculation barrier should be placed between an
4628array bounds check and the array access.
4629
4630These fields use the same bit definitions as the new
4631H_GET_CPU_CHARACTERISTICS hypercall.
4632
46334.110 KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_OP
4634---------------------------
4635
4636:Capability: basic
4637:Architectures: x86
4638:Type: vm
4639:Parameters: an opaque platform specific structure (in/out)
4640:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
4641
4642If the platform supports creating encrypted VMs then this ioctl can be used
4643for issuing platform-specific memory encryption commands to manage those
4644encrypted VMs.
4645
4646Currently, this ioctl is used for issuing Secure Encrypted Virtualization
4647(SEV) commands on AMD Processors. The SEV commands are defined in
4648Documentation/virt/kvm/x86/amd-memory-encryption.rst.
4649
46504.111 KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION
4651-----------------------------------
4652
4653:Capability: basic
4654:Architectures: x86
4655:Type: system
4656:Parameters: struct kvm_enc_region (in)
4657:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
4658
4659This ioctl can be used to register a guest memory region which may
4660contain encrypted data (e.g. guest RAM, SMRAM etc).
4661
4662It is used in the SEV-enabled guest. When encryption is enabled, a guest
4663memory region may contain encrypted data. The SEV memory encryption
4664engine uses a tweak such that two identical plaintext pages, each at
4665different locations will have differing ciphertexts. So swapping or
4666moving ciphertext of those pages will not result in plaintext being
4667swapped. So relocating (or migrating) physical backing pages for the SEV
4668guest will require some additional steps.
4669
4670Note: The current SEV key management spec does not provide commands to
4671swap or migrate (move) ciphertext pages. Hence, for now we pin the guest
4672memory region registered with the ioctl.
4673
46744.112 KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_UNREG_REGION
4675-------------------------------------
4676
4677:Capability: basic
4678:Architectures: x86
4679:Type: system
4680:Parameters: struct kvm_enc_region (in)
4681:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
4682
4683This ioctl can be used to unregister the guest memory region registered
4684with KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION ioctl above.
4685
46864.113 KVM_HYPERV_EVENTFD
4687------------------------
4688
4689:Capability: KVM_CAP_HYPERV_EVENTFD
4690:Architectures: x86
4691:Type: vm ioctl
4692:Parameters: struct kvm_hyperv_eventfd (in)
4693
4694This ioctl (un)registers an eventfd to receive notifications from the guest on
4695the specified Hyper-V connection id through the SIGNAL_EVENT hypercall, without
4696causing a user exit.  SIGNAL_EVENT hypercall with non-zero event flag number
4697(bits 24-31) still triggers a KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_HCALL user exit.
4698
4699::
4700
4701  struct kvm_hyperv_eventfd {
4702	__u32 conn_id;
4703	__s32 fd;
4704	__u32 flags;
4705	__u32 padding[3];
4706  };
4707
4708The conn_id field should fit within 24 bits::
4709
4710  #define KVM_HYPERV_CONN_ID_MASK		0x00ffffff
4711
4712The acceptable values for the flags field are::
4713
4714  #define KVM_HYPERV_EVENTFD_DEASSIGN	(1 << 0)
4715
4716:Returns: 0 on success,
4717 	  -EINVAL if conn_id or flags is outside the allowed range,
4718	  -ENOENT on deassign if the conn_id isn't registered,
4719	  -EEXIST on assign if the conn_id is already registered
4720
47214.114 KVM_GET_NESTED_STATE
4722--------------------------
4723
4724:Capability: KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE
4725:Architectures: x86
4726:Type: vcpu ioctl
4727:Parameters: struct kvm_nested_state (in/out)
4728:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4729
4730Errors:
4731
4732  =====      =============================================================
4733  E2BIG      the total state size exceeds the value of 'size' specified by
4734             the user; the size required will be written into size.
4735  =====      =============================================================
4736
4737::
4738
4739  struct kvm_nested_state {
4740	__u16 flags;
4741	__u16 format;
4742	__u32 size;
4743
4744	union {
4745		struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_hdr vmx;
4746		struct kvm_svm_nested_state_hdr svm;
4747
4748		/* Pad the header to 128 bytes.  */
4749		__u8 pad[120];
4750	} hdr;
4751
4752	union {
4753		struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_data vmx[0];
4754		struct kvm_svm_nested_state_data svm[0];
4755	} data;
4756  };
4757
4758  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_GUEST_MODE		0x00000001
4759  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_RUN_PENDING		0x00000002
4760  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_EVMCS		0x00000004
4761
4762  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_FORMAT_VMX		0
4763  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_FORMAT_SVM		1
4764
4765  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_VMCS_SIZE	0x1000
4766
4767  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_SMM_GUEST_MODE	0x00000001
4768  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_SMM_VMXON	0x00000002
4769
4770  #define KVM_STATE_VMX_PREEMPTION_TIMER_DEADLINE 0x00000001
4771
4772  struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_hdr {
4773	__u64 vmxon_pa;
4774	__u64 vmcs12_pa;
4775
4776	struct {
4777		__u16 flags;
4778	} smm;
4779
4780	__u32 flags;
4781	__u64 preemption_timer_deadline;
4782  };
4783
4784  struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_data {
4785	__u8 vmcs12[KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_VMCS_SIZE];
4786	__u8 shadow_vmcs12[KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_VMCS_SIZE];
4787  };
4788
4789This ioctl copies the vcpu's nested virtualization state from the kernel to
4790userspace.
4791
4792The maximum size of the state can be retrieved by passing KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE
4793to the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl().
4794
47954.115 KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE
4796--------------------------
4797
4798:Capability: KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE
4799:Architectures: x86
4800:Type: vcpu ioctl
4801:Parameters: struct kvm_nested_state (in)
4802:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4803
4804This copies the vcpu's kvm_nested_state struct from userspace to the kernel.
4805For the definition of struct kvm_nested_state, see KVM_GET_NESTED_STATE.
4806
48074.116 KVM_(UN)REGISTER_COALESCED_MMIO
4808-------------------------------------
4809
4810:Capability: KVM_CAP_COALESCED_MMIO (for coalesced mmio)
4811	     KVM_CAP_COALESCED_PIO (for coalesced pio)
4812:Architectures: all
4813:Type: vm ioctl
4814:Parameters: struct kvm_coalesced_mmio_zone
4815:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
4816
4817Coalesced I/O is a performance optimization that defers hardware
4818register write emulation so that userspace exits are avoided.  It is
4819typically used to reduce the overhead of emulating frequently accessed
4820hardware registers.
4821
4822When a hardware register is configured for coalesced I/O, write accesses
4823do not exit to userspace and their value is recorded in a ring buffer
4824that is shared between kernel and userspace.
4825
4826Coalesced I/O is used if one or more write accesses to a hardware
4827register can be deferred until a read or a write to another hardware
4828register on the same device.  This last access will cause a vmexit and
4829userspace will process accesses from the ring buffer before emulating
4830it. That will avoid exiting to userspace on repeated writes.
4831
4832Coalesced pio is based on coalesced mmio. There is little difference
4833between coalesced mmio and pio except that coalesced pio records accesses
4834to I/O ports.
4835
48364.117 KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG (vm ioctl)
4837------------------------------------
4838
4839:Capability: KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2
4840:Architectures: x86, arm64, mips
4841:Type: vm ioctl
4842:Parameters: struct kvm_clear_dirty_log (in)
4843:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4844
4845::
4846
4847  /* for KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG */
4848  struct kvm_clear_dirty_log {
4849	__u32 slot;
4850	__u32 num_pages;
4851	__u64 first_page;
4852	union {
4853		void __user *dirty_bitmap; /* one bit per page */
4854		__u64 padding;
4855	};
4856  };
4857
4858The ioctl clears the dirty status of pages in a memory slot, according to
4859the bitmap that is passed in struct kvm_clear_dirty_log's dirty_bitmap
4860field.  Bit 0 of the bitmap corresponds to page "first_page" in the
4861memory slot, and num_pages is the size in bits of the input bitmap.
4862first_page must be a multiple of 64; num_pages must also be a multiple of
486364 unless first_page + num_pages is the size of the memory slot.  For each
4864bit that is set in the input bitmap, the corresponding page is marked "clean"
4865in KVM's dirty bitmap, and dirty tracking is re-enabled for that page
4866(for example via write-protection, or by clearing the dirty bit in
4867a page table entry).
4868
4869If KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE is available, bits 16-31 of slot field specifies
4870the address space for which you want to clear the dirty status.  See
4871KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION for details on the usage of slot field.
4872
4873This ioctl is mostly useful when KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2
4874is enabled; for more information, see the description of the capability.
4875However, it can always be used as long as KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION confirms
4876that KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 is present.
4877
48784.118 KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_HV_CPUID
4879--------------------------------
4880
4881:Capability: KVM_CAP_HYPERV_CPUID (vcpu), KVM_CAP_SYS_HYPERV_CPUID (system)
4882:Architectures: x86
4883:Type: system ioctl, vcpu ioctl
4884:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid2 (in/out)
4885:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4886
4887::
4888
4889  struct kvm_cpuid2 {
4890	__u32 nent;
4891	__u32 padding;
4892	struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 entries[0];
4893  };
4894
4895  struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 {
4896	__u32 function;
4897	__u32 index;
4898	__u32 flags;
4899	__u32 eax;
4900	__u32 ebx;
4901	__u32 ecx;
4902	__u32 edx;
4903	__u32 padding[3];
4904  };
4905
4906This ioctl returns x86 cpuid features leaves related to Hyper-V emulation in
4907KVM.  Userspace can use the information returned by this ioctl to construct
4908cpuid information presented to guests consuming Hyper-V enlightenments (e.g.
4909Windows or Hyper-V guests).
4910
4911CPUID feature leaves returned by this ioctl are defined by Hyper-V Top Level
4912Functional Specification (TLFS). These leaves can't be obtained with
4913KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID ioctl because some of them intersect with KVM feature
4914leaves (0x40000000, 0x40000001).
4915
4916Currently, the following list of CPUID leaves are returned:
4917
4918 - HYPERV_CPUID_VENDOR_AND_MAX_FUNCTIONS
4919 - HYPERV_CPUID_INTERFACE
4920 - HYPERV_CPUID_VERSION
4921 - HYPERV_CPUID_FEATURES
4922 - HYPERV_CPUID_ENLIGHTMENT_INFO
4923 - HYPERV_CPUID_IMPLEMENT_LIMITS
4924 - HYPERV_CPUID_NESTED_FEATURES
4925 - HYPERV_CPUID_SYNDBG_VENDOR_AND_MAX_FUNCTIONS
4926 - HYPERV_CPUID_SYNDBG_INTERFACE
4927 - HYPERV_CPUID_SYNDBG_PLATFORM_CAPABILITIES
4928
4929Userspace invokes KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_HV_CPUID by passing a kvm_cpuid2 structure
4930with the 'nent' field indicating the number of entries in the variable-size
4931array 'entries'.  If the number of entries is too low to describe all Hyper-V
4932feature leaves, an error (E2BIG) is returned. If the number is more or equal
4933to the number of Hyper-V feature leaves, the 'nent' field is adjusted to the
4934number of valid entries in the 'entries' array, which is then filled.
4935
4936'index' and 'flags' fields in 'struct kvm_cpuid_entry2' are currently reserved,
4937userspace should not expect to get any particular value there.
4938
4939Note, vcpu version of KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_HV_CPUID is currently deprecated. Unlike
4940system ioctl which exposes all supported feature bits unconditionally, vcpu
4941version has the following quirks:
4942
4943- HYPERV_CPUID_NESTED_FEATURES leaf and HV_X64_ENLIGHTENED_VMCS_RECOMMENDED
4944  feature bit are only exposed when Enlightened VMCS was previously enabled
4945  on the corresponding vCPU (KVM_CAP_HYPERV_ENLIGHTENED_VMCS).
4946- HV_STIMER_DIRECT_MODE_AVAILABLE bit is only exposed with in-kernel LAPIC.
4947  (presumes KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP has already been called).
4948
49494.119 KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE
4950---------------------------
4951
4952:Architectures: arm64
4953:Type: vcpu ioctl
4954:Parameters: int feature (in)
4955:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4956
4957Errors:
4958
4959  ======     ==============================================================
4960  EPERM      feature not enabled, needs configuration, or already finalized
4961  EINVAL     feature unknown or not present
4962  ======     ==============================================================
4963
4964Recognised values for feature:
4965
4966  =====      ===========================================
4967  arm64      KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE (requires KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE)
4968  =====      ===========================================
4969
4970Finalizes the configuration of the specified vcpu feature.
4971
4972The vcpu must already have been initialised, enabling the affected feature, by
4973means of a successful KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT call with the appropriate flag set in
4974features[].
4975
4976For affected vcpu features, this is a mandatory step that must be performed
4977before the vcpu is fully usable.
4978
4979Between KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT and KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE, the feature may be
4980configured by use of ioctls such as KVM_SET_ONE_REG.  The exact configuration
4981that should be performaned and how to do it are feature-dependent.
4982
4983Other calls that depend on a particular feature being finalized, such as
4984KVM_RUN, KVM_GET_REG_LIST, KVM_GET_ONE_REG and KVM_SET_ONE_REG, will fail with
4985-EPERM unless the feature has already been finalized by means of a
4986KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE call.
4987
4988See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT for details of vcpu features that require finalization
4989using this ioctl.
4990
49914.120 KVM_SET_PMU_EVENT_FILTER
4992------------------------------
4993
4994:Capability: KVM_CAP_PMU_EVENT_FILTER
4995:Architectures: x86
4996:Type: vm ioctl
4997:Parameters: struct kvm_pmu_event_filter (in)
4998:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4999
5000::
5001
5002  struct kvm_pmu_event_filter {
5003	__u32 action;
5004	__u32 nevents;
5005	__u32 fixed_counter_bitmap;
5006	__u32 flags;
5007	__u32 pad[4];
5008	__u64 events[0];
5009  };
5010
5011This ioctl restricts the set of PMU events that the guest can program.
5012The argument holds a list of events which will be allowed or denied.
5013The eventsel+umask of each event the guest attempts to program is compared
5014against the events field to determine whether the guest should have access.
5015The events field only controls general purpose counters; fixed purpose
5016counters are controlled by the fixed_counter_bitmap.
5017
5018No flags are defined yet, the field must be zero.
5019
5020Valid values for 'action'::
5021
5022  #define KVM_PMU_EVENT_ALLOW 0
5023  #define KVM_PMU_EVENT_DENY 1
5024
50254.121 KVM_PPC_SVM_OFF
5026---------------------
5027
5028:Capability: basic
5029:Architectures: powerpc
5030:Type: vm ioctl
5031:Parameters: none
5032:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
5033
5034Errors:
5035
5036  ======     ================================================================
5037  EINVAL     if ultravisor failed to terminate the secure guest
5038  ENOMEM     if hypervisor failed to allocate new radix page tables for guest
5039  ======     ================================================================
5040
5041This ioctl is used to turn off the secure mode of the guest or transition
5042the guest from secure mode to normal mode. This is invoked when the guest
5043is reset. This has no effect if called for a normal guest.
5044
5045This ioctl issues an ultravisor call to terminate the secure guest,
5046unpins the VPA pages and releases all the device pages that are used to
5047track the secure pages by hypervisor.
5048
50494.122 KVM_S390_NORMAL_RESET
5050---------------------------
5051
5052:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_VCPU_RESETS
5053:Architectures: s390
5054:Type: vcpu ioctl
5055:Parameters: none
5056:Returns: 0
5057
5058This ioctl resets VCPU registers and control structures according to
5059the cpu reset definition in the POP (Principles Of Operation).
5060
50614.123 KVM_S390_INITIAL_RESET
5062----------------------------
5063
5064:Capability: none
5065:Architectures: s390
5066:Type: vcpu ioctl
5067:Parameters: none
5068:Returns: 0
5069
5070This ioctl resets VCPU registers and control structures according to
5071the initial cpu reset definition in the POP. However, the cpu is not
5072put into ESA mode. This reset is a superset of the normal reset.
5073
50744.124 KVM_S390_CLEAR_RESET
5075--------------------------
5076
5077:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_VCPU_RESETS
5078:Architectures: s390
5079:Type: vcpu ioctl
5080:Parameters: none
5081:Returns: 0
5082
5083This ioctl resets VCPU registers and control structures according to
5084the clear cpu reset definition in the POP. However, the cpu is not put
5085into ESA mode. This reset is a superset of the initial reset.
5086
5087
50884.125 KVM_S390_PV_COMMAND
5089-------------------------
5090
5091:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED
5092:Architectures: s390
5093:Type: vm ioctl
5094:Parameters: struct kvm_pv_cmd
5095:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5096
5097::
5098
5099  struct kvm_pv_cmd {
5100	__u32 cmd;	/* Command to be executed */
5101	__u16 rc;	/* Ultravisor return code */
5102	__u16 rrc;	/* Ultravisor return reason code */
5103	__u64 data;	/* Data or address */
5104	__u32 flags;    /* flags for future extensions. Must be 0 for now */
5105	__u32 reserved[3];
5106  };
5107
5108**Ultravisor return codes**
5109The Ultravisor return (reason) codes are provided by the kernel if a
5110Ultravisor call has been executed to achieve the results expected by
5111the command. Therefore they are independent of the IOCTL return
5112code. If KVM changes `rc`, its value will always be greater than 0
5113hence setting it to 0 before issuing a PV command is advised to be
5114able to detect a change of `rc`.
5115
5116**cmd values:**
5117
5118KVM_PV_ENABLE
5119  Allocate memory and register the VM with the Ultravisor, thereby
5120  donating memory to the Ultravisor that will become inaccessible to
5121  KVM. All existing CPUs are converted to protected ones. After this
5122  command has succeeded, any CPU added via hotplug will become
5123  protected during its creation as well.
5124
5125  Errors:
5126
5127  =====      =============================
5128  EINTR      an unmasked signal is pending
5129  =====      =============================
5130
5131KVM_PV_DISABLE
5132  Deregister the VM from the Ultravisor and reclaim the memory that had
5133  been donated to the Ultravisor, making it usable by the kernel again.
5134  All registered VCPUs are converted back to non-protected ones. If a
5135  previous protected VM had been prepared for asynchonous teardown with
5136  KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PREPARE and not subsequently torn down with
5137  KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PERFORM, it will be torn down in this call
5138  together with the current protected VM.
5139
5140KVM_PV_VM_SET_SEC_PARMS
5141  Pass the image header from VM memory to the Ultravisor in
5142  preparation of image unpacking and verification.
5143
5144KVM_PV_VM_UNPACK
5145  Unpack (protect and decrypt) a page of the encrypted boot image.
5146
5147KVM_PV_VM_VERIFY
5148  Verify the integrity of the unpacked image. Only if this succeeds,
5149  KVM is allowed to start protected VCPUs.
5150
5151KVM_PV_INFO
5152  :Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_DUMP
5153
5154  Presents an API that provides Ultravisor related data to userspace
5155  via subcommands. len_max is the size of the user space buffer,
5156  len_written is KVM's indication of how much bytes of that buffer
5157  were actually written to. len_written can be used to determine the
5158  valid fields if more response fields are added in the future.
5159
5160  ::
5161
5162     enum pv_cmd_info_id {
5163	KVM_PV_INFO_VM,
5164	KVM_PV_INFO_DUMP,
5165     };
5166
5167     struct kvm_s390_pv_info_header {
5168	__u32 id;
5169	__u32 len_max;
5170	__u32 len_written;
5171	__u32 reserved;
5172     };
5173
5174     struct kvm_s390_pv_info {
5175	struct kvm_s390_pv_info_header header;
5176	struct kvm_s390_pv_info_dump dump;
5177	struct kvm_s390_pv_info_vm vm;
5178     };
5179
5180**subcommands:**
5181
5182  KVM_PV_INFO_VM
5183    This subcommand provides basic Ultravisor information for PV
5184    hosts. These values are likely also exported as files in the sysfs
5185    firmware UV query interface but they are more easily available to
5186    programs in this API.
5187
5188    The installed calls and feature_indication members provide the
5189    installed UV calls and the UV's other feature indications.
5190
5191    The max_* members provide information about the maximum number of PV
5192    vcpus, PV guests and PV guest memory size.
5193
5194    ::
5195
5196      struct kvm_s390_pv_info_vm {
5197	__u64 inst_calls_list[4];
5198	__u64 max_cpus;
5199	__u64 max_guests;
5200	__u64 max_guest_addr;
5201	__u64 feature_indication;
5202      };
5203
5204
5205  KVM_PV_INFO_DUMP
5206    This subcommand provides information related to dumping PV guests.
5207
5208    ::
5209
5210      struct kvm_s390_pv_info_dump {
5211	__u64 dump_cpu_buffer_len;
5212	__u64 dump_config_mem_buffer_per_1m;
5213	__u64 dump_config_finalize_len;
5214      };
5215
5216KVM_PV_DUMP
5217  :Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_DUMP
5218
5219  Presents an API that provides calls which facilitate dumping a
5220  protected VM.
5221
5222  ::
5223
5224    struct kvm_s390_pv_dmp {
5225      __u64 subcmd;
5226      __u64 buff_addr;
5227      __u64 buff_len;
5228      __u64 gaddr;		/* For dump storage state */
5229    };
5230
5231  **subcommands:**
5232
5233  KVM_PV_DUMP_INIT
5234    Initializes the dump process of a protected VM. If this call does
5235    not succeed all other subcommands will fail with -EINVAL. This
5236    subcommand will return -EINVAL if a dump process has not yet been
5237    completed.
5238
5239    Not all PV vms can be dumped, the owner needs to set `dump
5240    allowed` PCF bit 34 in the SE header to allow dumping.
5241
5242  KVM_PV_DUMP_CONFIG_STOR_STATE
5243     Stores `buff_len` bytes of tweak component values starting with
5244     the 1MB block specified by the absolute guest address
5245     (`gaddr`). `buff_len` needs to be `conf_dump_storage_state_len`
5246     aligned and at least >= the `conf_dump_storage_state_len` value
5247     provided by the dump uv_info data. buff_user might be written to
5248     even if an error rc is returned. For instance if we encounter a
5249     fault after writing the first page of data.
5250
5251  KVM_PV_DUMP_COMPLETE
5252    If the subcommand succeeds it completes the dump process and lets
5253    KVM_PV_DUMP_INIT be called again.
5254
5255    On success `conf_dump_finalize_len` bytes of completion data will be
5256    stored to the `buff_addr`. The completion data contains a key
5257    derivation seed, IV, tweak nonce and encryption keys as well as an
5258    authentication tag all of which are needed to decrypt the dump at a
5259    later time.
5260
5261KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PREPARE
5262  :Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_ASYNC_DISABLE
5263
5264  Prepare the current protected VM for asynchronous teardown. Most
5265  resources used by the current protected VM will be set aside for a
5266  subsequent asynchronous teardown. The current protected VM will then
5267  resume execution immediately as non-protected. There can be at most
5268  one protected VM prepared for asynchronous teardown at any time. If
5269  a protected VM had already been prepared for teardown without
5270  subsequently calling KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PERFORM, this call will
5271  fail. In that case, the userspace process should issue a normal
5272  KVM_PV_DISABLE. The resources set aside with this call will need to
5273  be cleaned up with a subsequent call to KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PERFORM
5274  or KVM_PV_DISABLE, otherwise they will be cleaned up when KVM
5275  terminates. KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PREPARE can be called again as soon
5276  as cleanup starts, i.e. before KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PERFORM finishes.
5277
5278KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PERFORM
5279  :Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_ASYNC_DISABLE
5280
5281  Tear down the protected VM previously prepared for teardown with
5282  KVM_PV_ASYNC_CLEANUP_PREPARE. The resources that had been set aside
5283  will be freed during the execution of this command. This PV command
5284  should ideally be issued by userspace from a separate thread. If a
5285  fatal signal is received (or the process terminates naturally), the
5286  command will terminate immediately without completing, and the normal
5287  KVM shutdown procedure will take care of cleaning up all remaining
5288  protected VMs, including the ones whose teardown was interrupted by
5289  process termination.
5290
52914.126 KVM_XEN_HVM_SET_ATTR
5292--------------------------
5293
5294:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM / KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_SHARED_INFO
5295:Architectures: x86
5296:Type: vm ioctl
5297:Parameters: struct kvm_xen_hvm_attr
5298:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5299
5300::
5301
5302  struct kvm_xen_hvm_attr {
5303	__u16 type;
5304	__u16 pad[3];
5305	union {
5306		__u8 long_mode;
5307		__u8 vector;
5308		__u8 runstate_update_flag;
5309		struct {
5310			__u64 gfn;
5311		} shared_info;
5312		struct {
5313			__u32 send_port;
5314			__u32 type; /* EVTCHNSTAT_ipi / EVTCHNSTAT_interdomain */
5315			__u32 flags;
5316			union {
5317				struct {
5318					__u32 port;
5319					__u32 vcpu;
5320					__u32 priority;
5321				} port;
5322				struct {
5323					__u32 port; /* Zero for eventfd */
5324					__s32 fd;
5325				} eventfd;
5326				__u32 padding[4];
5327			} deliver;
5328		} evtchn;
5329		__u32 xen_version;
5330		__u64 pad[8];
5331	} u;
5332  };
5333
5334type values:
5335
5336KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_LONG_MODE
5337  Sets the ABI mode of the VM to 32-bit or 64-bit (long mode). This
5338  determines the layout of the shared info pages exposed to the VM.
5339
5340KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_SHARED_INFO
5341  Sets the guest physical frame number at which the Xen "shared info"
5342  page resides. Note that although Xen places vcpu_info for the first
5343  32 vCPUs in the shared_info page, KVM does not automatically do so
5344  and instead requires that KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_VCPU_INFO be used
5345  explicitly even when the vcpu_info for a given vCPU resides at the
5346  "default" location in the shared_info page. This is because KVM is
5347  not aware of the Xen CPU id which is used as the index into the
5348  vcpu_info[] array, so cannot know the correct default location.
5349
5350  Note that the shared info page may be constantly written to by KVM;
5351  it contains the event channel bitmap used to deliver interrupts to
5352  a Xen guest, amongst other things. It is exempt from dirty tracking
5353  mechanisms — KVM will not explicitly mark the page as dirty each
5354  time an event channel interrupt is delivered to the guest! Thus,
5355  userspace should always assume that the designated GFN is dirty if
5356  any vCPU has been running or any event channel interrupts can be
5357  routed to the guest.
5358
5359KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_UPCALL_VECTOR
5360  Sets the exception vector used to deliver Xen event channel upcalls.
5361  This is the HVM-wide vector injected directly by the hypervisor
5362  (not through the local APIC), typically configured by a guest via
5363  HVM_PARAM_CALLBACK_IRQ.
5364
5365KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_EVTCHN
5366  This attribute is available when the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM ioctl indicates
5367  support for KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND features. It configures
5368  an outbound port number for interception of EVTCHNOP_send requests
5369  from the guest. A given sending port number may be directed back
5370  to a specified vCPU (by APIC ID) / port / priority on the guest,
5371  or to trigger events on an eventfd. The vCPU and priority can be
5372  changed by setting KVM_XEN_EVTCHN_UPDATE in a subsequent call,
5373  but other fields cannot change for a given sending port. A port
5374  mapping is removed by using KVM_XEN_EVTCHN_DEASSIGN in the flags
5375  field.
5376
5377KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_XEN_VERSION
5378  This attribute is available when the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM ioctl indicates
5379  support for KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND features. It configures
5380  the 32-bit version code returned to the guest when it invokes the
5381  XENVER_version call; typically (XEN_MAJOR << 16 | XEN_MINOR). PV
5382  Xen guests will often use this to as a dummy hypercall to trigger
5383  event channel delivery, so responding within the kernel without
5384  exiting to userspace is beneficial.
5385
5386KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG
5387  This attribute is available when the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM ioctl indicates
5388  support for KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG. It enables the
5389  XEN_RUNSTATE_UPDATE flag which allows guest vCPUs to safely read
5390  other vCPUs' vcpu_runstate_info. Xen guests enable this feature via
5391  the VM_ASST_TYPE_runstate_update_flag of the HYPERVISOR_vm_assist
5392  hypercall.
5393
53944.127 KVM_XEN_HVM_GET_ATTR
5395--------------------------
5396
5397:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM / KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_SHARED_INFO
5398:Architectures: x86
5399:Type: vm ioctl
5400:Parameters: struct kvm_xen_hvm_attr
5401:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5402
5403Allows Xen VM attributes to be read. For the structure and types,
5404see KVM_XEN_HVM_SET_ATTR above. The KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_EVTCHN
5405attribute cannot be read.
5406
54074.128 KVM_XEN_VCPU_SET_ATTR
5408---------------------------
5409
5410:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM / KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_SHARED_INFO
5411:Architectures: x86
5412:Type: vcpu ioctl
5413:Parameters: struct kvm_xen_vcpu_attr
5414:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5415
5416::
5417
5418  struct kvm_xen_vcpu_attr {
5419	__u16 type;
5420	__u16 pad[3];
5421	union {
5422		__u64 gpa;
5423		__u64 pad[4];
5424		struct {
5425			__u64 state;
5426			__u64 state_entry_time;
5427			__u64 time_running;
5428			__u64 time_runnable;
5429			__u64 time_blocked;
5430			__u64 time_offline;
5431		} runstate;
5432		__u32 vcpu_id;
5433		struct {
5434			__u32 port;
5435			__u32 priority;
5436			__u64 expires_ns;
5437		} timer;
5438		__u8 vector;
5439	} u;
5440  };
5441
5442type values:
5443
5444KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_VCPU_INFO
5445  Sets the guest physical address of the vcpu_info for a given vCPU.
5446  As with the shared_info page for the VM, the corresponding page may be
5447  dirtied at any time if event channel interrupt delivery is enabled, so
5448  userspace should always assume that the page is dirty without relying
5449  on dirty logging.
5450
5451KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_VCPU_TIME_INFO
5452  Sets the guest physical address of an additional pvclock structure
5453  for a given vCPU. This is typically used for guest vsyscall support.
5454
5455KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_ADDR
5456  Sets the guest physical address of the vcpu_runstate_info for a given
5457  vCPU. This is how a Xen guest tracks CPU state such as steal time.
5458
5459KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_CURRENT
5460  Sets the runstate (RUNSTATE_running/_runnable/_blocked/_offline) of
5461  the given vCPU from the .u.runstate.state member of the structure.
5462  KVM automatically accounts running and runnable time but blocked
5463  and offline states are only entered explicitly.
5464
5465KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_DATA
5466  Sets all fields of the vCPU runstate data from the .u.runstate member
5467  of the structure, including the current runstate. The state_entry_time
5468  must equal the sum of the other four times.
5469
5470KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_ADJUST
5471  This *adds* the contents of the .u.runstate members of the structure
5472  to the corresponding members of the given vCPU's runstate data, thus
5473  permitting atomic adjustments to the runstate times. The adjustment
5474  to the state_entry_time must equal the sum of the adjustments to the
5475  other four times. The state field must be set to -1, or to a valid
5476  runstate value (RUNSTATE_running, RUNSTATE_runnable, RUNSTATE_blocked
5477  or RUNSTATE_offline) to set the current accounted state as of the
5478  adjusted state_entry_time.
5479
5480KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_VCPU_ID
5481  This attribute is available when the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM ioctl indicates
5482  support for KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND features. It sets the Xen
5483  vCPU ID of the given vCPU, to allow timer-related VCPU operations to
5484  be intercepted by KVM.
5485
5486KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_TIMER
5487  This attribute is available when the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM ioctl indicates
5488  support for KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND features. It sets the
5489  event channel port/priority for the VIRQ_TIMER of the vCPU, as well
5490  as allowing a pending timer to be saved/restored.
5491
5492KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_UPCALL_VECTOR
5493  This attribute is available when the KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM ioctl indicates
5494  support for KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND features. It sets the
5495  per-vCPU local APIC upcall vector, configured by a Xen guest with
5496  the HVMOP_set_evtchn_upcall_vector hypercall. This is typically
5497  used by Windows guests, and is distinct from the HVM-wide upcall
5498  vector configured with HVM_PARAM_CALLBACK_IRQ.
5499
5500
55014.129 KVM_XEN_VCPU_GET_ATTR
5502---------------------------
5503
5504:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM / KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_SHARED_INFO
5505:Architectures: x86
5506:Type: vcpu ioctl
5507:Parameters: struct kvm_xen_vcpu_attr
5508:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5509
5510Allows Xen vCPU attributes to be read. For the structure and types,
5511see KVM_XEN_VCPU_SET_ATTR above.
5512
5513The KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_ADJUST type may not be used
5514with the KVM_XEN_VCPU_GET_ATTR ioctl.
5515
55164.130 KVM_ARM_MTE_COPY_TAGS
5517---------------------------
5518
5519:Capability: KVM_CAP_ARM_MTE
5520:Architectures: arm64
5521:Type: vm ioctl
5522:Parameters: struct kvm_arm_copy_mte_tags
5523:Returns: number of bytes copied, < 0 on error (-EINVAL for incorrect
5524          arguments, -EFAULT if memory cannot be accessed).
5525
5526::
5527
5528  struct kvm_arm_copy_mte_tags {
5529	__u64 guest_ipa;
5530	__u64 length;
5531	void __user *addr;
5532	__u64 flags;
5533	__u64 reserved[2];
5534  };
5535
5536Copies Memory Tagging Extension (MTE) tags to/from guest tag memory. The
5537``guest_ipa`` and ``length`` fields must be ``PAGE_SIZE`` aligned. The ``addr``
5538field must point to a buffer which the tags will be copied to or from.
5539
5540``flags`` specifies the direction of copy, either ``KVM_ARM_TAGS_TO_GUEST`` or
5541``KVM_ARM_TAGS_FROM_GUEST``.
5542
5543The size of the buffer to store the tags is ``(length / 16)`` bytes
5544(granules in MTE are 16 bytes long). Each byte contains a single tag
5545value. This matches the format of ``PTRACE_PEEKMTETAGS`` and
5546``PTRACE_POKEMTETAGS``.
5547
5548If an error occurs before any data is copied then a negative error code is
5549returned. If some tags have been copied before an error occurs then the number
5550of bytes successfully copied is returned. If the call completes successfully
5551then ``length`` is returned.
5552
55534.131 KVM_GET_SREGS2
5554--------------------
5555
5556:Capability: KVM_CAP_SREGS2
5557:Architectures: x86
5558:Type: vcpu ioctl
5559:Parameters: struct kvm_sregs2 (out)
5560:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
5561
5562Reads special registers from the vcpu.
5563This ioctl (when supported) replaces the KVM_GET_SREGS.
5564
5565::
5566
5567        struct kvm_sregs2 {
5568                /* out (KVM_GET_SREGS2) / in (KVM_SET_SREGS2) */
5569                struct kvm_segment cs, ds, es, fs, gs, ss;
5570                struct kvm_segment tr, ldt;
5571                struct kvm_dtable gdt, idt;
5572                __u64 cr0, cr2, cr3, cr4, cr8;
5573                __u64 efer;
5574                __u64 apic_base;
5575                __u64 flags;
5576                __u64 pdptrs[4];
5577        };
5578
5579flags values for ``kvm_sregs2``:
5580
5581``KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID``
5582
5583  Indicates thats the struct contain valid PDPTR values.
5584
5585
55864.132 KVM_SET_SREGS2
5587--------------------
5588
5589:Capability: KVM_CAP_SREGS2
5590:Architectures: x86
5591:Type: vcpu ioctl
5592:Parameters: struct kvm_sregs2 (in)
5593:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
5594
5595Writes special registers into the vcpu.
5596See KVM_GET_SREGS2 for the data structures.
5597This ioctl (when supported) replaces the KVM_SET_SREGS.
5598
55994.133 KVM_GET_STATS_FD
5600----------------------
5601
5602:Capability: KVM_CAP_STATS_BINARY_FD
5603:Architectures: all
5604:Type: vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
5605:Parameters: none
5606:Returns: statistics file descriptor on success, < 0 on error
5607
5608Errors:
5609
5610  ======     ======================================================
5611  ENOMEM     if the fd could not be created due to lack of memory
5612  EMFILE     if the number of opened files exceeds the limit
5613  ======     ======================================================
5614
5615The returned file descriptor can be used to read VM/vCPU statistics data in
5616binary format. The data in the file descriptor consists of four blocks
5617organized as follows:
5618
5619+-------------+
5620|   Header    |
5621+-------------+
5622|  id string  |
5623+-------------+
5624| Descriptors |
5625+-------------+
5626| Stats Data  |
5627+-------------+
5628
5629Apart from the header starting at offset 0, please be aware that it is
5630not guaranteed that the four blocks are adjacent or in the above order;
5631the offsets of the id, descriptors and data blocks are found in the
5632header.  However, all four blocks are aligned to 64 bit offsets in the
5633file and they do not overlap.
5634
5635All blocks except the data block are immutable.  Userspace can read them
5636only one time after retrieving the file descriptor, and then use ``pread`` or
5637``lseek`` to read the statistics repeatedly.
5638
5639All data is in system endianness.
5640
5641The format of the header is as follows::
5642
5643	struct kvm_stats_header {
5644		__u32 flags;
5645		__u32 name_size;
5646		__u32 num_desc;
5647		__u32 id_offset;
5648		__u32 desc_offset;
5649		__u32 data_offset;
5650	};
5651
5652The ``flags`` field is not used at the moment. It is always read as 0.
5653
5654The ``name_size`` field is the size (in byte) of the statistics name string
5655(including trailing '\0') which is contained in the "id string" block and
5656appended at the end of every descriptor.
5657
5658The ``num_desc`` field is the number of descriptors that are included in the
5659descriptor block.  (The actual number of values in the data block may be
5660larger, since each descriptor may comprise more than one value).
5661
5662The ``id_offset`` field is the offset of the id string from the start of the
5663file indicated by the file descriptor. It is a multiple of 8.
5664
5665The ``desc_offset`` field is the offset of the Descriptors block from the start
5666of the file indicated by the file descriptor. It is a multiple of 8.
5667
5668The ``data_offset`` field is the offset of the Stats Data block from the start
5669of the file indicated by the file descriptor. It is a multiple of 8.
5670
5671The id string block contains a string which identifies the file descriptor on
5672which KVM_GET_STATS_FD was invoked.  The size of the block, including the
5673trailing ``'\0'``, is indicated by the ``name_size`` field in the header.
5674
5675The descriptors block is only needed to be read once for the lifetime of the
5676file descriptor contains a sequence of ``struct kvm_stats_desc``, each followed
5677by a string of size ``name_size``.
5678::
5679
5680	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT		0
5681	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_MASK		(0xF << KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT)
5682	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_CUMULATIVE	(0x0 << KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT)
5683	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_INSTANT		(0x1 << KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT)
5684	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_PEAK		(0x2 << KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT)
5685	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_LINEAR_HIST	(0x3 << KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT)
5686	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_LOG_HIST		(0x4 << KVM_STATS_TYPE_SHIFT)
5687	#define KVM_STATS_TYPE_MAX		KVM_STATS_TYPE_LOG_HIST
5688
5689	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT		4
5690	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_MASK		(0xF << KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT)
5691	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_NONE		(0x0 << KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT)
5692	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_BYTES		(0x1 << KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT)
5693	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_SECONDS		(0x2 << KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT)
5694	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_CYCLES		(0x3 << KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT)
5695	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_BOOLEAN		(0x4 << KVM_STATS_UNIT_SHIFT)
5696	#define KVM_STATS_UNIT_MAX		KVM_STATS_UNIT_BOOLEAN
5697
5698	#define KVM_STATS_BASE_SHIFT		8
5699	#define KVM_STATS_BASE_MASK		(0xF << KVM_STATS_BASE_SHIFT)
5700	#define KVM_STATS_BASE_POW10		(0x0 << KVM_STATS_BASE_SHIFT)
5701	#define KVM_STATS_BASE_POW2		(0x1 << KVM_STATS_BASE_SHIFT)
5702	#define KVM_STATS_BASE_MAX		KVM_STATS_BASE_POW2
5703
5704	struct kvm_stats_desc {
5705		__u32 flags;
5706		__s16 exponent;
5707		__u16 size;
5708		__u32 offset;
5709		__u32 bucket_size;
5710		char name[];
5711	};
5712
5713The ``flags`` field contains the type and unit of the statistics data described
5714by this descriptor. Its endianness is CPU native.
5715The following flags are supported:
5716
5717Bits 0-3 of ``flags`` encode the type:
5718
5719  * ``KVM_STATS_TYPE_CUMULATIVE``
5720    The statistics reports a cumulative count. The value of data can only be increased.
5721    Most of the counters used in KVM are of this type.
5722    The corresponding ``size`` field for this type is always 1.
5723    All cumulative statistics data are read/write.
5724  * ``KVM_STATS_TYPE_INSTANT``
5725    The statistics reports an instantaneous value. Its value can be increased or
5726    decreased. This type is usually used as a measurement of some resources,
5727    like the number of dirty pages, the number of large pages, etc.
5728    All instant statistics are read only.
5729    The corresponding ``size`` field for this type is always 1.
5730  * ``KVM_STATS_TYPE_PEAK``
5731    The statistics data reports a peak value, for example the maximum number
5732    of items in a hash table bucket, the longest time waited and so on.
5733    The value of data can only be increased.
5734    The corresponding ``size`` field for this type is always 1.
5735  * ``KVM_STATS_TYPE_LINEAR_HIST``
5736    The statistic is reported as a linear histogram. The number of
5737    buckets is specified by the ``size`` field. The size of buckets is specified
5738    by the ``hist_param`` field. The range of the Nth bucket (1 <= N < ``size``)
5739    is [``hist_param``*(N-1), ``hist_param``*N), while the range of the last
5740    bucket is [``hist_param``*(``size``-1), +INF). (+INF means positive infinity
5741    value.)
5742  * ``KVM_STATS_TYPE_LOG_HIST``
5743    The statistic is reported as a logarithmic histogram. The number of
5744    buckets is specified by the ``size`` field. The range of the first bucket is
5745    [0, 1), while the range of the last bucket is [pow(2, ``size``-2), +INF).
5746    Otherwise, The Nth bucket (1 < N < ``size``) covers
5747    [pow(2, N-2), pow(2, N-1)).
5748
5749Bits 4-7 of ``flags`` encode the unit:
5750
5751  * ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_NONE``
5752    There is no unit for the value of statistics data. This usually means that
5753    the value is a simple counter of an event.
5754  * ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_BYTES``
5755    It indicates that the statistics data is used to measure memory size, in the
5756    unit of Byte, KiByte, MiByte, GiByte, etc. The unit of the data is
5757    determined by the ``exponent`` field in the descriptor.
5758  * ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_SECONDS``
5759    It indicates that the statistics data is used to measure time or latency.
5760  * ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_CYCLES``
5761    It indicates that the statistics data is used to measure CPU clock cycles.
5762  * ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_BOOLEAN``
5763    It indicates that the statistic will always be either 0 or 1.  Boolean
5764    statistics of "peak" type will never go back from 1 to 0.  Boolean
5765    statistics can be linear histograms (with two buckets) but not logarithmic
5766    histograms.
5767
5768Note that, in the case of histograms, the unit applies to the bucket
5769ranges, while the bucket value indicates how many samples fell in the
5770bucket's range.
5771
5772Bits 8-11 of ``flags``, together with ``exponent``, encode the scale of the
5773unit:
5774
5775  * ``KVM_STATS_BASE_POW10``
5776    The scale is based on power of 10. It is used for measurement of time and
5777    CPU clock cycles.  For example, an exponent of -9 can be used with
5778    ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_SECONDS`` to express that the unit is nanoseconds.
5779  * ``KVM_STATS_BASE_POW2``
5780    The scale is based on power of 2. It is used for measurement of memory size.
5781    For example, an exponent of 20 can be used with ``KVM_STATS_UNIT_BYTES`` to
5782    express that the unit is MiB.
5783
5784The ``size`` field is the number of values of this statistics data. Its
5785value is usually 1 for most of simple statistics. 1 means it contains an
5786unsigned 64bit data.
5787
5788The ``offset`` field is the offset from the start of Data Block to the start of
5789the corresponding statistics data.
5790
5791The ``bucket_size`` field is used as a parameter for histogram statistics data.
5792It is only used by linear histogram statistics data, specifying the size of a
5793bucket in the unit expressed by bits 4-11 of ``flags`` together with ``exponent``.
5794
5795The ``name`` field is the name string of the statistics data. The name string
5796starts at the end of ``struct kvm_stats_desc``.  The maximum length including
5797the trailing ``'\0'``, is indicated by ``name_size`` in the header.
5798
5799The Stats Data block contains an array of 64-bit values in the same order
5800as the descriptors in Descriptors block.
5801
58024.134 KVM_GET_XSAVE2
5803--------------------
5804
5805:Capability: KVM_CAP_XSAVE2
5806:Architectures: x86
5807:Type: vcpu ioctl
5808:Parameters: struct kvm_xsave (out)
5809:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
5810
5811
5812::
5813
5814  struct kvm_xsave {
5815	__u32 region[1024];
5816	__u32 extra[0];
5817  };
5818
5819This ioctl would copy current vcpu's xsave struct to the userspace. It
5820copies as many bytes as are returned by KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_XSAVE2)
5821when invoked on the vm file descriptor. The size value returned by
5822KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_XSAVE2) will always be at least 4096.
5823Currently, it is only greater than 4096 if a dynamic feature has been
5824enabled with ``arch_prctl()``, but this may change in the future.
5825
5826The offsets of the state save areas in struct kvm_xsave follow the contents
5827of CPUID leaf 0xD on the host.
5828
58294.135 KVM_XEN_HVM_EVTCHN_SEND
5830-----------------------------
5831
5832:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM / KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND
5833:Architectures: x86
5834:Type: vm ioctl
5835:Parameters: struct kvm_irq_routing_xen_evtchn
5836:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5837
5838
5839::
5840
5841   struct kvm_irq_routing_xen_evtchn {
5842	__u32 port;
5843	__u32 vcpu;
5844	__u32 priority;
5845   };
5846
5847This ioctl injects an event channel interrupt directly to the guest vCPU.
5848
58494.136 KVM_S390_PV_CPU_COMMAND
5850-----------------------------
5851
5852:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_DUMP
5853:Architectures: s390
5854:Type: vcpu ioctl
5855:Parameters: none
5856:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
5857
5858This ioctl closely mirrors `KVM_S390_PV_COMMAND` but handles requests
5859for vcpus. It re-uses the kvm_s390_pv_dmp struct and hence also shares
5860the command ids.
5861
5862**command:**
5863
5864KVM_PV_DUMP
5865  Presents an API that provides calls which facilitate dumping a vcpu
5866  of a protected VM.
5867
5868**subcommand:**
5869
5870KVM_PV_DUMP_CPU
5871  Provides encrypted dump data like register values.
5872  The length of the returned data is provided by uv_info.guest_cpu_stor_len.
5873
58744.137 KVM_S390_ZPCI_OP
5875----------------------
5876
5877:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_ZPCI_OP
5878:Architectures: s390
5879:Type: vm ioctl
5880:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_zpci_op (in)
5881:Returns: 0 on success, <0 on error
5882
5883Used to manage hardware-assisted virtualization features for zPCI devices.
5884
5885Parameters are specified via the following structure::
5886
5887  struct kvm_s390_zpci_op {
5888	/* in */
5889	__u32 fh;		/* target device */
5890	__u8  op;		/* operation to perform */
5891	__u8  pad[3];
5892	union {
5893		/* for KVM_S390_ZPCIOP_REG_AEN */
5894		struct {
5895			__u64 ibv;	/* Guest addr of interrupt bit vector */
5896			__u64 sb;	/* Guest addr of summary bit */
5897			__u32 flags;
5898			__u32 noi;	/* Number of interrupts */
5899			__u8 isc;	/* Guest interrupt subclass */
5900			__u8 sbo;	/* Offset of guest summary bit vector */
5901			__u16 pad;
5902		} reg_aen;
5903		__u64 reserved[8];
5904	} u;
5905  };
5906
5907The type of operation is specified in the "op" field.
5908KVM_S390_ZPCIOP_REG_AEN is used to register the VM for adapter event
5909notification interpretation, which will allow firmware delivery of adapter
5910events directly to the vm, with KVM providing a backup delivery mechanism;
5911KVM_S390_ZPCIOP_DEREG_AEN is used to subsequently disable interpretation of
5912adapter event notifications.
5913
5914The target zPCI function must also be specified via the "fh" field.  For the
5915KVM_S390_ZPCIOP_REG_AEN operation, additional information to establish firmware
5916delivery must be provided via the "reg_aen" struct.
5917
5918The "pad" and "reserved" fields may be used for future extensions and should be
5919set to 0s by userspace.
5920
59215. The kvm_run structure
5922========================
5923
5924Application code obtains a pointer to the kvm_run structure by
5925mmap()ing a vcpu fd.  From that point, application code can control
5926execution by changing fields in kvm_run prior to calling the KVM_RUN
5927ioctl, and obtain information about the reason KVM_RUN returned by
5928looking up structure members.
5929
5930::
5931
5932  struct kvm_run {
5933	/* in */
5934	__u8 request_interrupt_window;
5935
5936Request that KVM_RUN return when it becomes possible to inject external
5937interrupts into the guest.  Useful in conjunction with KVM_INTERRUPT.
5938
5939::
5940
5941	__u8 immediate_exit;
5942
5943This field is polled once when KVM_RUN starts; if non-zero, KVM_RUN
5944exits immediately, returning -EINTR.  In the common scenario where a
5945signal is used to "kick" a VCPU out of KVM_RUN, this field can be used
5946to avoid usage of KVM_SET_SIGNAL_MASK, which has worse scalability.
5947Rather than blocking the signal outside KVM_RUN, userspace can set up
5948a signal handler that sets run->immediate_exit to a non-zero value.
5949
5950This field is ignored if KVM_CAP_IMMEDIATE_EXIT is not available.
5951
5952::
5953
5954	__u8 padding1[6];
5955
5956	/* out */
5957	__u32 exit_reason;
5958
5959When KVM_RUN has returned successfully (return value 0), this informs
5960application code why KVM_RUN has returned.  Allowable values for this
5961field are detailed below.
5962
5963::
5964
5965	__u8 ready_for_interrupt_injection;
5966
5967If request_interrupt_window has been specified, this field indicates
5968an interrupt can be injected now with KVM_INTERRUPT.
5969
5970::
5971
5972	__u8 if_flag;
5973
5974The value of the current interrupt flag.  Only valid if in-kernel
5975local APIC is not used.
5976
5977::
5978
5979	__u16 flags;
5980
5981More architecture-specific flags detailing state of the VCPU that may
5982affect the device's behavior. Current defined flags::
5983
5984  /* x86, set if the VCPU is in system management mode */
5985  #define KVM_RUN_X86_SMM     (1 << 0)
5986  /* x86, set if bus lock detected in VM */
5987  #define KVM_RUN_BUS_LOCK    (1 << 1)
5988  /* arm64, set for KVM_EXIT_DEBUG */
5989  #define KVM_DEBUG_ARCH_HSR_HIGH_VALID  (1 << 0)
5990
5991::
5992
5993	/* in (pre_kvm_run), out (post_kvm_run) */
5994	__u64 cr8;
5995
5996The value of the cr8 register.  Only valid if in-kernel local APIC is
5997not used.  Both input and output.
5998
5999::
6000
6001	__u64 apic_base;
6002
6003The value of the APIC BASE msr.  Only valid if in-kernel local
6004APIC is not used.  Both input and output.
6005
6006::
6007
6008	union {
6009		/* KVM_EXIT_UNKNOWN */
6010		struct {
6011			__u64 hardware_exit_reason;
6012		} hw;
6013
6014If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_UNKNOWN, the vcpu has exited due to unknown
6015reasons.  Further architecture-specific information is available in
6016hardware_exit_reason.
6017
6018::
6019
6020		/* KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY */
6021		struct {
6022			__u64 hardware_entry_failure_reason;
6023			__u32 cpu; /* if KVM_LAST_CPU */
6024		} fail_entry;
6025
6026If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY, the vcpu could not be run due
6027to unknown reasons.  Further architecture-specific information is
6028available in hardware_entry_failure_reason.
6029
6030::
6031
6032		/* KVM_EXIT_EXCEPTION */
6033		struct {
6034			__u32 exception;
6035			__u32 error_code;
6036		} ex;
6037
6038Unused.
6039
6040::
6041
6042		/* KVM_EXIT_IO */
6043		struct {
6044  #define KVM_EXIT_IO_IN  0
6045  #define KVM_EXIT_IO_OUT 1
6046			__u8 direction;
6047			__u8 size; /* bytes */
6048			__u16 port;
6049			__u32 count;
6050			__u64 data_offset; /* relative to kvm_run start */
6051		} io;
6052
6053If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_IO, then the vcpu has
6054executed a port I/O instruction which could not be satisfied by kvm.
6055data_offset describes where the data is located (KVM_EXIT_IO_OUT) or
6056where kvm expects application code to place the data for the next
6057KVM_RUN invocation (KVM_EXIT_IO_IN).  Data format is a packed array.
6058
6059::
6060
6061		/* KVM_EXIT_DEBUG */
6062		struct {
6063			struct kvm_debug_exit_arch arch;
6064		} debug;
6065
6066If the exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_DEBUG, then a vcpu is processing a debug event
6067for which architecture specific information is returned.
6068
6069::
6070
6071		/* KVM_EXIT_MMIO */
6072		struct {
6073			__u64 phys_addr;
6074			__u8  data[8];
6075			__u32 len;
6076			__u8  is_write;
6077		} mmio;
6078
6079If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_MMIO, then the vcpu has
6080executed a memory-mapped I/O instruction which could not be satisfied
6081by kvm.  The 'data' member contains the written data if 'is_write' is
6082true, and should be filled by application code otherwise.
6083
6084The 'data' member contains, in its first 'len' bytes, the value as it would
6085appear if the VCPU performed a load or store of the appropriate width directly
6086to the byte array.
6087
6088.. note::
6089
6090      For KVM_EXIT_IO, KVM_EXIT_MMIO, KVM_EXIT_OSI, KVM_EXIT_PAPR, KVM_EXIT_XEN,
6091      KVM_EXIT_EPR, KVM_EXIT_X86_RDMSR and KVM_EXIT_X86_WRMSR the corresponding
6092      operations are complete (and guest state is consistent) only after userspace
6093      has re-entered the kernel with KVM_RUN.  The kernel side will first finish
6094      incomplete operations and then check for pending signals.
6095
6096      The pending state of the operation is not preserved in state which is
6097      visible to userspace, thus userspace should ensure that the operation is
6098      completed before performing a live migration.  Userspace can re-enter the
6099      guest with an unmasked signal pending or with the immediate_exit field set
6100      to complete pending operations without allowing any further instructions
6101      to be executed.
6102
6103::
6104
6105		/* KVM_EXIT_HYPERCALL */
6106		struct {
6107			__u64 nr;
6108			__u64 args[6];
6109			__u64 ret;
6110			__u32 longmode;
6111			__u32 pad;
6112		} hypercall;
6113
6114Unused.  This was once used for 'hypercall to userspace'.  To implement
6115such functionality, use KVM_EXIT_IO (x86) or KVM_EXIT_MMIO (all except s390).
6116
6117.. note:: KVM_EXIT_IO is significantly faster than KVM_EXIT_MMIO.
6118
6119::
6120
6121		/* KVM_EXIT_TPR_ACCESS */
6122		struct {
6123			__u64 rip;
6124			__u32 is_write;
6125			__u32 pad;
6126		} tpr_access;
6127
6128To be documented (KVM_TPR_ACCESS_REPORTING).
6129
6130::
6131
6132		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_SIEIC */
6133		struct {
6134			__u8 icptcode;
6135			__u64 mask; /* psw upper half */
6136			__u64 addr; /* psw lower half */
6137			__u16 ipa;
6138			__u32 ipb;
6139		} s390_sieic;
6140
6141s390 specific.
6142
6143::
6144
6145		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_RESET */
6146  #define KVM_S390_RESET_POR       1
6147  #define KVM_S390_RESET_CLEAR     2
6148  #define KVM_S390_RESET_SUBSYSTEM 4
6149  #define KVM_S390_RESET_CPU_INIT  8
6150  #define KVM_S390_RESET_IPL       16
6151		__u64 s390_reset_flags;
6152
6153s390 specific.
6154
6155::
6156
6157		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_UCONTROL */
6158		struct {
6159			__u64 trans_exc_code;
6160			__u32 pgm_code;
6161		} s390_ucontrol;
6162
6163s390 specific. A page fault has occurred for a user controlled virtual
6164machine (KVM_VM_S390_UNCONTROL) on it's host page table that cannot be
6165resolved by the kernel.
6166The program code and the translation exception code that were placed
6167in the cpu's lowcore are presented here as defined by the z Architecture
6168Principles of Operation Book in the Chapter for Dynamic Address Translation
6169(DAT)
6170
6171::
6172
6173		/* KVM_EXIT_DCR */
6174		struct {
6175			__u32 dcrn;
6176			__u32 data;
6177			__u8  is_write;
6178		} dcr;
6179
6180Deprecated - was used for 440 KVM.
6181
6182::
6183
6184		/* KVM_EXIT_OSI */
6185		struct {
6186			__u64 gprs[32];
6187		} osi;
6188
6189MOL uses a special hypercall interface it calls 'OSI'. To enable it, we catch
6190hypercalls and exit with this exit struct that contains all the guest gprs.
6191
6192If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_OSI, then the vcpu has triggered such a hypercall.
6193Userspace can now handle the hypercall and when it's done modify the gprs as
6194necessary. Upon guest entry all guest GPRs will then be replaced by the values
6195in this struct.
6196
6197::
6198
6199		/* KVM_EXIT_PAPR_HCALL */
6200		struct {
6201			__u64 nr;
6202			__u64 ret;
6203			__u64 args[9];
6204		} papr_hcall;
6205
6206This is used on 64-bit PowerPC when emulating a pSeries partition,
6207e.g. with the 'pseries' machine type in qemu.  It occurs when the
6208guest does a hypercall using the 'sc 1' instruction.  The 'nr' field
6209contains the hypercall number (from the guest R3), and 'args' contains
6210the arguments (from the guest R4 - R12).  Userspace should put the
6211return code in 'ret' and any extra returned values in args[].
6212The possible hypercalls are defined in the Power Architecture Platform
6213Requirements (PAPR) document available from www.power.org (free
6214developer registration required to access it).
6215
6216::
6217
6218		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_TSCH */
6219		struct {
6220			__u16 subchannel_id;
6221			__u16 subchannel_nr;
6222			__u32 io_int_parm;
6223			__u32 io_int_word;
6224			__u32 ipb;
6225			__u8 dequeued;
6226		} s390_tsch;
6227
6228s390 specific. This exit occurs when KVM_CAP_S390_CSS_SUPPORT has been enabled
6229and TEST SUBCHANNEL was intercepted. If dequeued is set, a pending I/O
6230interrupt for the target subchannel has been dequeued and subchannel_id,
6231subchannel_nr, io_int_parm and io_int_word contain the parameters for that
6232interrupt. ipb is needed for instruction parameter decoding.
6233
6234::
6235
6236		/* KVM_EXIT_EPR */
6237		struct {
6238			__u32 epr;
6239		} epr;
6240
6241On FSL BookE PowerPC chips, the interrupt controller has a fast patch
6242interrupt acknowledge path to the core. When the core successfully
6243delivers an interrupt, it automatically populates the EPR register with
6244the interrupt vector number and acknowledges the interrupt inside
6245the interrupt controller.
6246
6247In case the interrupt controller lives in user space, we need to do
6248the interrupt acknowledge cycle through it to fetch the next to be
6249delivered interrupt vector using this exit.
6250
6251It gets triggered whenever both KVM_CAP_PPC_EPR are enabled and an
6252external interrupt has just been delivered into the guest. User space
6253should put the acknowledged interrupt vector into the 'epr' field.
6254
6255::
6256
6257		/* KVM_EXIT_SYSTEM_EVENT */
6258		struct {
6259  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SHUTDOWN       1
6260  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_RESET          2
6261  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_CRASH          3
6262  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_WAKEUP         4
6263  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SUSPEND        5
6264  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SEV_TERM       6
6265			__u32 type;
6266                        __u32 ndata;
6267                        __u64 data[16];
6268		} system_event;
6269
6270If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_SYSTEM_EVENT then the vcpu has triggered
6271a system-level event using some architecture specific mechanism (hypercall
6272or some special instruction). In case of ARM64, this is triggered using
6273HVC instruction based PSCI call from the vcpu.
6274
6275The 'type' field describes the system-level event type.
6276Valid values for 'type' are:
6277
6278 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SHUTDOWN -- the guest has requested a shutdown of the
6279   VM. Userspace is not obliged to honour this, and if it does honour
6280   this does not need to destroy the VM synchronously (ie it may call
6281   KVM_RUN again before shutdown finally occurs).
6282 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_RESET -- the guest has requested a reset of the VM.
6283   As with SHUTDOWN, userspace can choose to ignore the request, or
6284   to schedule the reset to occur in the future and may call KVM_RUN again.
6285 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_CRASH -- the guest crash occurred and the guest
6286   has requested a crash condition maintenance. Userspace can choose
6287   to ignore the request, or to gather VM memory core dump and/or
6288   reset/shutdown of the VM.
6289 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SEV_TERM -- an AMD SEV guest requested termination.
6290   The guest physical address of the guest's GHCB is stored in `data[0]`.
6291 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_WAKEUP -- the exiting vCPU is in a suspended state and
6292   KVM has recognized a wakeup event. Userspace may honor this event by
6293   marking the exiting vCPU as runnable, or deny it and call KVM_RUN again.
6294 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SUSPEND -- the guest has requested a suspension of
6295   the VM.
6296
6297If KVM_CAP_SYSTEM_EVENT_DATA is present, the 'data' field can contain
6298architecture specific information for the system-level event.  Only
6299the first `ndata` items (possibly zero) of the data array are valid.
6300
6301 - for arm64, data[0] is set to KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_RESET_FLAG_PSCI_RESET2 if
6302   the guest issued a SYSTEM_RESET2 call according to v1.1 of the PSCI
6303   specification.
6304
6305 - for RISC-V, data[0] is set to the value of the second argument of the
6306   ``sbi_system_reset`` call.
6307
6308Previous versions of Linux defined a `flags` member in this struct.  The
6309field is now aliased to `data[0]`.  Userspace can assume that it is only
6310written if ndata is greater than 0.
6311
6312For arm/arm64:
6313--------------
6314
6315KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SUSPEND exits are enabled with the
6316KVM_CAP_ARM_SYSTEM_SUSPEND VM capability. If a guest invokes the PSCI
6317SYSTEM_SUSPEND function, KVM will exit to userspace with this event
6318type.
6319
6320It is the sole responsibility of userspace to implement the PSCI
6321SYSTEM_SUSPEND call according to ARM DEN0022D.b 5.19 "SYSTEM_SUSPEND".
6322KVM does not change the vCPU's state before exiting to userspace, so
6323the call parameters are left in-place in the vCPU registers.
6324
6325Userspace is _required_ to take action for such an exit. It must
6326either:
6327
6328 - Honor the guest request to suspend the VM. Userspace can request
6329   in-kernel emulation of suspension by setting the calling vCPU's
6330   state to KVM_MP_STATE_SUSPENDED. Userspace must configure the vCPU's
6331   state according to the parameters passed to the PSCI function when
6332   the calling vCPU is resumed. See ARM DEN0022D.b 5.19.1 "Intended use"
6333   for details on the function parameters.
6334
6335 - Deny the guest request to suspend the VM. See ARM DEN0022D.b 5.19.2
6336   "Caller responsibilities" for possible return values.
6337
6338::
6339
6340		/* KVM_EXIT_IOAPIC_EOI */
6341		struct {
6342			__u8 vector;
6343		} eoi;
6344
6345Indicates that the VCPU's in-kernel local APIC received an EOI for a
6346level-triggered IOAPIC interrupt.  This exit only triggers when the
6347IOAPIC is implemented in userspace (i.e. KVM_CAP_SPLIT_IRQCHIP is enabled);
6348the userspace IOAPIC should process the EOI and retrigger the interrupt if
6349it is still asserted.  Vector is the LAPIC interrupt vector for which the
6350EOI was received.
6351
6352::
6353
6354		struct kvm_hyperv_exit {
6355  #define KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNIC          1
6356  #define KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_HCALL          2
6357  #define KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNDBG         3
6358			__u32 type;
6359			__u32 pad1;
6360			union {
6361				struct {
6362					__u32 msr;
6363					__u32 pad2;
6364					__u64 control;
6365					__u64 evt_page;
6366					__u64 msg_page;
6367				} synic;
6368				struct {
6369					__u64 input;
6370					__u64 result;
6371					__u64 params[2];
6372				} hcall;
6373				struct {
6374					__u32 msr;
6375					__u32 pad2;
6376					__u64 control;
6377					__u64 status;
6378					__u64 send_page;
6379					__u64 recv_page;
6380					__u64 pending_page;
6381				} syndbg;
6382			} u;
6383		};
6384		/* KVM_EXIT_HYPERV */
6385                struct kvm_hyperv_exit hyperv;
6386
6387Indicates that the VCPU exits into userspace to process some tasks
6388related to Hyper-V emulation.
6389
6390Valid values for 'type' are:
6391
6392	- KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNIC -- synchronously notify user-space about
6393
6394Hyper-V SynIC state change. Notification is used to remap SynIC
6395event/message pages and to enable/disable SynIC messages/events processing
6396in userspace.
6397
6398	- KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNDBG -- synchronously notify user-space about
6399
6400Hyper-V Synthetic debugger state change. Notification is used to either update
6401the pending_page location or to send a control command (send the buffer located
6402in send_page or recv a buffer to recv_page).
6403
6404::
6405
6406		/* KVM_EXIT_ARM_NISV */
6407		struct {
6408			__u64 esr_iss;
6409			__u64 fault_ipa;
6410		} arm_nisv;
6411
6412Used on arm64 systems. If a guest accesses memory not in a memslot,
6413KVM will typically return to userspace and ask it to do MMIO emulation on its
6414behalf. However, for certain classes of instructions, no instruction decode
6415(direction, length of memory access) is provided, and fetching and decoding
6416the instruction from the VM is overly complicated to live in the kernel.
6417
6418Historically, when this situation occurred, KVM would print a warning and kill
6419the VM. KVM assumed that if the guest accessed non-memslot memory, it was
6420trying to do I/O, which just couldn't be emulated, and the warning message was
6421phrased accordingly. However, what happened more often was that a guest bug
6422caused access outside the guest memory areas which should lead to a more
6423meaningful warning message and an external abort in the guest, if the access
6424did not fall within an I/O window.
6425
6426Userspace implementations can query for KVM_CAP_ARM_NISV_TO_USER, and enable
6427this capability at VM creation. Once this is done, these types of errors will
6428instead return to userspace with KVM_EXIT_ARM_NISV, with the valid bits from
6429the ESR_EL2 in the esr_iss field, and the faulting IPA in the fault_ipa field.
6430Userspace can either fix up the access if it's actually an I/O access by
6431decoding the instruction from guest memory (if it's very brave) and continue
6432executing the guest, or it can decide to suspend, dump, or restart the guest.
6433
6434Note that KVM does not skip the faulting instruction as it does for
6435KVM_EXIT_MMIO, but userspace has to emulate any change to the processing state
6436if it decides to decode and emulate the instruction.
6437
6438::
6439
6440		/* KVM_EXIT_X86_RDMSR / KVM_EXIT_X86_WRMSR */
6441		struct {
6442			__u8 error; /* user -> kernel */
6443			__u8 pad[7];
6444			__u32 reason; /* kernel -> user */
6445			__u32 index; /* kernel -> user */
6446			__u64 data; /* kernel <-> user */
6447		} msr;
6448
6449Used on x86 systems. When the VM capability KVM_CAP_X86_USER_SPACE_MSR is
6450enabled, MSR accesses to registers that would invoke a #GP by KVM kernel code
6451may instead trigger a KVM_EXIT_X86_RDMSR exit for reads and KVM_EXIT_X86_WRMSR
6452exit for writes.
6453
6454The "reason" field specifies why the MSR interception occurred. Userspace will
6455only receive MSR exits when a particular reason was requested during through
6456ENABLE_CAP. Currently valid exit reasons are:
6457
6458============================ ========================================
6459 KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_UNKNOWN access to MSR that is unknown to KVM
6460 KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_INVAL   access to invalid MSRs or reserved bits
6461 KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_FILTER  access blocked by KVM_X86_SET_MSR_FILTER
6462============================ ========================================
6463
6464For KVM_EXIT_X86_RDMSR, the "index" field tells userspace which MSR the guest
6465wants to read. To respond to this request with a successful read, userspace
6466writes the respective data into the "data" field and must continue guest
6467execution to ensure the read data is transferred into guest register state.
6468
6469If the RDMSR request was unsuccessful, userspace indicates that with a "1" in
6470the "error" field. This will inject a #GP into the guest when the VCPU is
6471executed again.
6472
6473For KVM_EXIT_X86_WRMSR, the "index" field tells userspace which MSR the guest
6474wants to write. Once finished processing the event, userspace must continue
6475vCPU execution. If the MSR write was unsuccessful, userspace also sets the
6476"error" field to "1".
6477
6478See KVM_X86_SET_MSR_FILTER for details on the interaction with MSR filtering.
6479
6480::
6481
6482
6483		struct kvm_xen_exit {
6484  #define KVM_EXIT_XEN_HCALL          1
6485			__u32 type;
6486			union {
6487				struct {
6488					__u32 longmode;
6489					__u32 cpl;
6490					__u64 input;
6491					__u64 result;
6492					__u64 params[6];
6493				} hcall;
6494			} u;
6495		};
6496		/* KVM_EXIT_XEN */
6497                struct kvm_hyperv_exit xen;
6498
6499Indicates that the VCPU exits into userspace to process some tasks
6500related to Xen emulation.
6501
6502Valid values for 'type' are:
6503
6504  - KVM_EXIT_XEN_HCALL -- synchronously notify user-space about Xen hypercall.
6505    Userspace is expected to place the hypercall result into the appropriate
6506    field before invoking KVM_RUN again.
6507
6508::
6509
6510		/* KVM_EXIT_RISCV_SBI */
6511		struct {
6512			unsigned long extension_id;
6513			unsigned long function_id;
6514			unsigned long args[6];
6515			unsigned long ret[2];
6516		} riscv_sbi;
6517
6518If exit reason is KVM_EXIT_RISCV_SBI then it indicates that the VCPU has
6519done a SBI call which is not handled by KVM RISC-V kernel module. The details
6520of the SBI call are available in 'riscv_sbi' member of kvm_run structure. The
6521'extension_id' field of 'riscv_sbi' represents SBI extension ID whereas the
6522'function_id' field represents function ID of given SBI extension. The 'args'
6523array field of 'riscv_sbi' represents parameters for the SBI call and 'ret'
6524array field represents return values. The userspace should update the return
6525values of SBI call before resuming the VCPU. For more details on RISC-V SBI
6526spec refer, https://github.com/riscv/riscv-sbi-doc.
6527
6528::
6529
6530    /* KVM_EXIT_NOTIFY */
6531    struct {
6532  #define KVM_NOTIFY_CONTEXT_INVALID	(1 << 0)
6533      __u32 flags;
6534    } notify;
6535
6536Used on x86 systems. When the VM capability KVM_CAP_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT is
6537enabled, a VM exit generated if no event window occurs in VM non-root mode
6538for a specified amount of time. Once KVM_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT_USER is set when
6539enabling the cap, it would exit to userspace with the exit reason
6540KVM_EXIT_NOTIFY for further handling. The "flags" field contains more
6541detailed info.
6542
6543The valid value for 'flags' is:
6544
6545  - KVM_NOTIFY_CONTEXT_INVALID -- the VM context is corrupted and not valid
6546    in VMCS. It would run into unknown result if resume the target VM.
6547
6548::
6549
6550		/* Fix the size of the union. */
6551		char padding[256];
6552	};
6553
6554	/*
6555	 * shared registers between kvm and userspace.
6556	 * kvm_valid_regs specifies the register classes set by the host
6557	 * kvm_dirty_regs specified the register classes dirtied by userspace
6558	 * struct kvm_sync_regs is architecture specific, as well as the
6559	 * bits for kvm_valid_regs and kvm_dirty_regs
6560	 */
6561	__u64 kvm_valid_regs;
6562	__u64 kvm_dirty_regs;
6563	union {
6564		struct kvm_sync_regs regs;
6565		char padding[SYNC_REGS_SIZE_BYTES];
6566	} s;
6567
6568If KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS is defined, these fields allow userspace to access
6569certain guest registers without having to call SET/GET_*REGS. Thus we can
6570avoid some system call overhead if userspace has to handle the exit.
6571Userspace can query the validity of the structure by checking
6572kvm_valid_regs for specific bits. These bits are architecture specific
6573and usually define the validity of a groups of registers. (e.g. one bit
6574for general purpose registers)
6575
6576Please note that the kernel is allowed to use the kvm_run structure as the
6577primary storage for certain register types. Therefore, the kernel may use the
6578values in kvm_run even if the corresponding bit in kvm_dirty_regs is not set.
6579
6580::
6581
6582  };
6583
6584
6585
65866. Capabilities that can be enabled on vCPUs
6587============================================
6588
6589There are certain capabilities that change the behavior of the virtual CPU or
6590the virtual machine when enabled. To enable them, please see section 4.37.
6591Below you can find a list of capabilities and what their effect on the vCPU or
6592the virtual machine is when enabling them.
6593
6594The following information is provided along with the description:
6595
6596  Architectures:
6597      which instruction set architectures provide this ioctl.
6598      x86 includes both i386 and x86_64.
6599
6600  Target:
6601      whether this is a per-vcpu or per-vm capability.
6602
6603  Parameters:
6604      what parameters are accepted by the capability.
6605
6606  Returns:
6607      the return value.  General error numbers (EBADF, ENOMEM, EINVAL)
6608      are not detailed, but errors with specific meanings are.
6609
6610
66116.1 KVM_CAP_PPC_OSI
6612-------------------
6613
6614:Architectures: ppc
6615:Target: vcpu
6616:Parameters: none
6617:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
6618
6619This capability enables interception of OSI hypercalls that otherwise would
6620be treated as normal system calls to be injected into the guest. OSI hypercalls
6621were invented by Mac-on-Linux to have a standardized communication mechanism
6622between the guest and the host.
6623
6624When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_OSI can occur.
6625
6626
66276.2 KVM_CAP_PPC_PAPR
6628--------------------
6629
6630:Architectures: ppc
6631:Target: vcpu
6632:Parameters: none
6633:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
6634
6635This capability enables interception of PAPR hypercalls. PAPR hypercalls are
6636done using the hypercall instruction "sc 1".
6637
6638It also sets the guest privilege level to "supervisor" mode. Usually the guest
6639runs in "hypervisor" privilege mode with a few missing features.
6640
6641In addition to the above, it changes the semantics of SDR1. In this mode, the
6642HTAB address part of SDR1 contains an HVA instead of a GPA, as PAPR keeps the
6643HTAB invisible to the guest.
6644
6645When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_PAPR_HCALL can occur.
6646
6647
66486.3 KVM_CAP_SW_TLB
6649------------------
6650
6651:Architectures: ppc
6652:Target: vcpu
6653:Parameters: args[0] is the address of a struct kvm_config_tlb
6654:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
6655
6656::
6657
6658  struct kvm_config_tlb {
6659	__u64 params;
6660	__u64 array;
6661	__u32 mmu_type;
6662	__u32 array_len;
6663  };
6664
6665Configures the virtual CPU's TLB array, establishing a shared memory area
6666between userspace and KVM.  The "params" and "array" fields are userspace
6667addresses of mmu-type-specific data structures.  The "array_len" field is an
6668safety mechanism, and should be set to the size in bytes of the memory that
6669userspace has reserved for the array.  It must be at least the size dictated
6670by "mmu_type" and "params".
6671
6672While KVM_RUN is active, the shared region is under control of KVM.  Its
6673contents are undefined, and any modification by userspace results in
6674boundedly undefined behavior.
6675
6676On return from KVM_RUN, the shared region will reflect the current state of
6677the guest's TLB.  If userspace makes any changes, it must call KVM_DIRTY_TLB
6678to tell KVM which entries have been changed, prior to calling KVM_RUN again
6679on this vcpu.
6680
6681For mmu types KVM_MMU_FSL_BOOKE_NOHV and KVM_MMU_FSL_BOOKE_HV:
6682
6683 - The "params" field is of type "struct kvm_book3e_206_tlb_params".
6684 - The "array" field points to an array of type "struct
6685   kvm_book3e_206_tlb_entry".
6686 - The array consists of all entries in the first TLB, followed by all
6687   entries in the second TLB.
6688 - Within a TLB, entries are ordered first by increasing set number.  Within a
6689   set, entries are ordered by way (increasing ESEL).
6690 - The hash for determining set number in TLB0 is: (MAS2 >> 12) & (num_sets - 1)
6691   where "num_sets" is the tlb_sizes[] value divided by the tlb_ways[] value.
6692 - The tsize field of mas1 shall be set to 4K on TLB0, even though the
6693   hardware ignores this value for TLB0.
6694
66956.4 KVM_CAP_S390_CSS_SUPPORT
6696----------------------------
6697
6698:Architectures: s390
6699:Target: vcpu
6700:Parameters: none
6701:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
6702
6703This capability enables support for handling of channel I/O instructions.
6704
6705TEST PENDING INTERRUPTION and the interrupt portion of TEST SUBCHANNEL are
6706handled in-kernel, while the other I/O instructions are passed to userspace.
6707
6708When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_S390_TSCH will occur on TEST
6709SUBCHANNEL intercepts.
6710
6711Note that even though this capability is enabled per-vcpu, the complete
6712virtual machine is affected.
6713
67146.5 KVM_CAP_PPC_EPR
6715-------------------
6716
6717:Architectures: ppc
6718:Target: vcpu
6719:Parameters: args[0] defines whether the proxy facility is active
6720:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
6721
6722This capability enables or disables the delivery of interrupts through the
6723external proxy facility.
6724
6725When enabled (args[0] != 0), every time the guest gets an external interrupt
6726delivered, it automatically exits into user space with a KVM_EXIT_EPR exit
6727to receive the topmost interrupt vector.
6728
6729When disabled (args[0] == 0), behavior is as if this facility is unsupported.
6730
6731When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_EPR can occur.
6732
67336.6 KVM_CAP_IRQ_MPIC
6734--------------------
6735
6736:Architectures: ppc
6737:Parameters: args[0] is the MPIC device fd;
6738             args[1] is the MPIC CPU number for this vcpu
6739
6740This capability connects the vcpu to an in-kernel MPIC device.
6741
67426.7 KVM_CAP_IRQ_XICS
6743--------------------
6744
6745:Architectures: ppc
6746:Target: vcpu
6747:Parameters: args[0] is the XICS device fd;
6748             args[1] is the XICS CPU number (server ID) for this vcpu
6749
6750This capability connects the vcpu to an in-kernel XICS device.
6751
67526.8 KVM_CAP_S390_IRQCHIP
6753------------------------
6754
6755:Architectures: s390
6756:Target: vm
6757:Parameters: none
6758
6759This capability enables the in-kernel irqchip for s390. Please refer to
6760"4.24 KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP" for details.
6761
67626.9 KVM_CAP_MIPS_FPU
6763--------------------
6764
6765:Architectures: mips
6766:Target: vcpu
6767:Parameters: args[0] is reserved for future use (should be 0).
6768
6769This capability allows the use of the host Floating Point Unit by the guest. It
6770allows the Config1.FP bit to be set to enable the FPU in the guest. Once this is
6771done the ``KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_*`` and ``KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_*`` registers can be
6772accessed (depending on the current guest FPU register mode), and the Status.FR,
6773Config5.FRE bits are accessible via the KVM API and also from the guest,
6774depending on them being supported by the FPU.
6775
67766.10 KVM_CAP_MIPS_MSA
6777---------------------
6778
6779:Architectures: mips
6780:Target: vcpu
6781:Parameters: args[0] is reserved for future use (should be 0).
6782
6783This capability allows the use of the MIPS SIMD Architecture (MSA) by the guest.
6784It allows the Config3.MSAP bit to be set to enable the use of MSA by the guest.
6785Once this is done the ``KVM_REG_MIPS_VEC_*`` and ``KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_*``
6786registers can be accessed, and the Config5.MSAEn bit is accessible via the
6787KVM API and also from the guest.
6788
67896.74 KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS
6790----------------------
6791
6792:Architectures: s390, x86
6793:Target: s390: always enabled, x86: vcpu
6794:Parameters: none
6795:Returns: x86: KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION returns a bit-array indicating which register
6796          sets are supported
6797          (bitfields defined in arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h).
6798
6799As described above in the kvm_sync_regs struct info in section 5 (kvm_run):
6800KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS "allow[s] userspace to access certain guest registers
6801without having to call SET/GET_*REGS". This reduces overhead by eliminating
6802repeated ioctl calls for setting and/or getting register values. This is
6803particularly important when userspace is making synchronous guest state
6804modifications, e.g. when emulating and/or intercepting instructions in
6805userspace.
6806
6807For s390 specifics, please refer to the source code.
6808
6809For x86:
6810
6811- the register sets to be copied out to kvm_run are selectable
6812  by userspace (rather that all sets being copied out for every exit).
6813- vcpu_events are available in addition to regs and sregs.
6814
6815For x86, the 'kvm_valid_regs' field of struct kvm_run is overloaded to
6816function as an input bit-array field set by userspace to indicate the
6817specific register sets to be copied out on the next exit.
6818
6819To indicate when userspace has modified values that should be copied into
6820the vCPU, the all architecture bitarray field, 'kvm_dirty_regs' must be set.
6821This is done using the same bitflags as for the 'kvm_valid_regs' field.
6822If the dirty bit is not set, then the register set values will not be copied
6823into the vCPU even if they've been modified.
6824
6825Unused bitfields in the bitarrays must be set to zero.
6826
6827::
6828
6829  struct kvm_sync_regs {
6830        struct kvm_regs regs;
6831        struct kvm_sregs sregs;
6832        struct kvm_vcpu_events events;
6833  };
6834
68356.75 KVM_CAP_PPC_IRQ_XIVE
6836-------------------------
6837
6838:Architectures: ppc
6839:Target: vcpu
6840:Parameters: args[0] is the XIVE device fd;
6841             args[1] is the XIVE CPU number (server ID) for this vcpu
6842
6843This capability connects the vcpu to an in-kernel XIVE device.
6844
68457. Capabilities that can be enabled on VMs
6846==========================================
6847
6848There are certain capabilities that change the behavior of the virtual
6849machine when enabled. To enable them, please see section 4.37. Below
6850you can find a list of capabilities and what their effect on the VM
6851is when enabling them.
6852
6853The following information is provided along with the description:
6854
6855  Architectures:
6856      which instruction set architectures provide this ioctl.
6857      x86 includes both i386 and x86_64.
6858
6859  Parameters:
6860      what parameters are accepted by the capability.
6861
6862  Returns:
6863      the return value.  General error numbers (EBADF, ENOMEM, EINVAL)
6864      are not detailed, but errors with specific meanings are.
6865
6866
68677.1 KVM_CAP_PPC_ENABLE_HCALL
6868----------------------------
6869
6870:Architectures: ppc
6871:Parameters: args[0] is the sPAPR hcall number;
6872	     args[1] is 0 to disable, 1 to enable in-kernel handling
6873
6874This capability controls whether individual sPAPR hypercalls (hcalls)
6875get handled by the kernel or not.  Enabling or disabling in-kernel
6876handling of an hcall is effective across the VM.  On creation, an
6877initial set of hcalls are enabled for in-kernel handling, which
6878consists of those hcalls for which in-kernel handlers were implemented
6879before this capability was implemented.  If disabled, the kernel will
6880not to attempt to handle the hcall, but will always exit to userspace
6881to handle it.  Note that it may not make sense to enable some and
6882disable others of a group of related hcalls, but KVM does not prevent
6883userspace from doing that.
6884
6885If the hcall number specified is not one that has an in-kernel
6886implementation, the KVM_ENABLE_CAP ioctl will fail with an EINVAL
6887error.
6888
68897.2 KVM_CAP_S390_USER_SIGP
6890--------------------------
6891
6892:Architectures: s390
6893:Parameters: none
6894
6895This capability controls which SIGP orders will be handled completely in user
6896space. With this capability enabled, all fast orders will be handled completely
6897in the kernel:
6898
6899- SENSE
6900- SENSE RUNNING
6901- EXTERNAL CALL
6902- EMERGENCY SIGNAL
6903- CONDITIONAL EMERGENCY SIGNAL
6904
6905All other orders will be handled completely in user space.
6906
6907Only privileged operation exceptions will be checked for in the kernel (or even
6908in the hardware prior to interception). If this capability is not enabled, the
6909old way of handling SIGP orders is used (partially in kernel and user space).
6910
69117.3 KVM_CAP_S390_VECTOR_REGISTERS
6912---------------------------------
6913
6914:Architectures: s390
6915:Parameters: none
6916:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on error
6917
6918Allows use of the vector registers introduced with z13 processor, and
6919provides for the synchronization between host and user space.  Will
6920return -EINVAL if the machine does not support vectors.
6921
69227.4 KVM_CAP_S390_USER_STSI
6923--------------------------
6924
6925:Architectures: s390
6926:Parameters: none
6927
6928This capability allows post-handlers for the STSI instruction. After
6929initial handling in the kernel, KVM exits to user space with
6930KVM_EXIT_S390_STSI to allow user space to insert further data.
6931
6932Before exiting to userspace, kvm handlers should fill in s390_stsi field of
6933vcpu->run::
6934
6935  struct {
6936	__u64 addr;
6937	__u8 ar;
6938	__u8 reserved;
6939	__u8 fc;
6940	__u8 sel1;
6941	__u16 sel2;
6942  } s390_stsi;
6943
6944  @addr - guest address of STSI SYSIB
6945  @fc   - function code
6946  @sel1 - selector 1
6947  @sel2 - selector 2
6948  @ar   - access register number
6949
6950KVM handlers should exit to userspace with rc = -EREMOTE.
6951
69527.5 KVM_CAP_SPLIT_IRQCHIP
6953-------------------------
6954
6955:Architectures: x86
6956:Parameters: args[0] - number of routes reserved for userspace IOAPICs
6957:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
6958
6959Create a local apic for each processor in the kernel. This can be used
6960instead of KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP if the userspace VMM wishes to emulate the
6961IOAPIC and PIC (and also the PIT, even though this has to be enabled
6962separately).
6963
6964This capability also enables in kernel routing of interrupt requests;
6965when KVM_CAP_SPLIT_IRQCHIP only routes of KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI type are
6966used in the IRQ routing table.  The first args[0] MSI routes are reserved
6967for the IOAPIC pins.  Whenever the LAPIC receives an EOI for these routes,
6968a KVM_EXIT_IOAPIC_EOI vmexit will be reported to userspace.
6969
6970Fails if VCPU has already been created, or if the irqchip is already in the
6971kernel (i.e. KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP has already been called).
6972
69737.6 KVM_CAP_S390_RI
6974-------------------
6975
6976:Architectures: s390
6977:Parameters: none
6978
6979Allows use of runtime-instrumentation introduced with zEC12 processor.
6980Will return -EINVAL if the machine does not support runtime-instrumentation.
6981Will return -EBUSY if a VCPU has already been created.
6982
69837.7 KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API
6984----------------------
6985
6986:Architectures: x86
6987:Parameters: args[0] - features that should be enabled
6988:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when args[0] contains invalid features
6989
6990Valid feature flags in args[0] are::
6991
6992  #define KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS            (1ULL << 0)
6993  #define KVM_X2APIC_API_DISABLE_BROADCAST_QUIRK  (1ULL << 1)
6994
6995Enabling KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS changes the behavior of
6996KVM_SET_GSI_ROUTING, KVM_SIGNAL_MSI, KVM_SET_LAPIC, and KVM_GET_LAPIC,
6997allowing the use of 32-bit APIC IDs.  See KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API in their
6998respective sections.
6999
7000KVM_X2APIC_API_DISABLE_BROADCAST_QUIRK must be enabled for x2APIC to work
7001in logical mode or with more than 255 VCPUs.  Otherwise, KVM treats 0xff
7002as a broadcast even in x2APIC mode in order to support physical x2APIC
7003without interrupt remapping.  This is undesirable in logical mode,
7004where 0xff represents CPUs 0-7 in cluster 0.
7005
70067.8 KVM_CAP_S390_USER_INSTR0
7007----------------------------
7008
7009:Architectures: s390
7010:Parameters: none
7011
7012With this capability enabled, all illegal instructions 0x0000 (2 bytes) will
7013be intercepted and forwarded to user space. User space can use this
7014mechanism e.g. to realize 2-byte software breakpoints. The kernel will
7015not inject an operating exception for these instructions, user space has
7016to take care of that.
7017
7018This capability can be enabled dynamically even if VCPUs were already
7019created and are running.
7020
70217.9 KVM_CAP_S390_GS
7022-------------------
7023
7024:Architectures: s390
7025:Parameters: none
7026:Returns: 0 on success; -EINVAL if the machine does not support
7027          guarded storage; -EBUSY if a VCPU has already been created.
7028
7029Allows use of guarded storage for the KVM guest.
7030
70317.10 KVM_CAP_S390_AIS
7032---------------------
7033
7034:Architectures: s390
7035:Parameters: none
7036
7037Allow use of adapter-interruption suppression.
7038:Returns: 0 on success; -EBUSY if a VCPU has already been created.
7039
70407.11 KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT
7041--------------------
7042
7043:Architectures: ppc
7044:Parameters: vsmt_mode, flags
7045
7046Enabling this capability on a VM provides userspace with a way to set
7047the desired virtual SMT mode (i.e. the number of virtual CPUs per
7048virtual core).  The virtual SMT mode, vsmt_mode, must be a power of 2
7049between 1 and 8.  On POWER8, vsmt_mode must also be no greater than
7050the number of threads per subcore for the host.  Currently flags must
7051be 0.  A successful call to enable this capability will result in
7052vsmt_mode being returned when the KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT capability is
7053subsequently queried for the VM.  This capability is only supported by
7054HV KVM, and can only be set before any VCPUs have been created.
7055The KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT_POSSIBLE capability indicates which virtual SMT
7056modes are available.
7057
70587.12 KVM_CAP_PPC_FWNMI
7059----------------------
7060
7061:Architectures: ppc
7062:Parameters: none
7063
7064With this capability a machine check exception in the guest address
7065space will cause KVM to exit the guest with NMI exit reason. This
7066enables QEMU to build error log and branch to guest kernel registered
7067machine check handling routine. Without this capability KVM will
7068branch to guests' 0x200 interrupt vector.
7069
70707.13 KVM_CAP_X86_DISABLE_EXITS
7071------------------------------
7072
7073:Architectures: x86
7074:Parameters: args[0] defines which exits are disabled
7075:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when args[0] contains invalid exits
7076
7077Valid bits in args[0] are::
7078
7079  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_MWAIT            (1 << 0)
7080  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_HLT              (1 << 1)
7081  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_PAUSE            (1 << 2)
7082  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_CSTATE           (1 << 3)
7083
7084Enabling this capability on a VM provides userspace with a way to no
7085longer intercept some instructions for improved latency in some
7086workloads, and is suggested when vCPUs are associated to dedicated
7087physical CPUs.  More bits can be added in the future; userspace can
7088just pass the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION result to KVM_ENABLE_CAP to disable
7089all such vmexits.
7090
7091Do not enable KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT if you disable HLT exits.
7092
70937.14 KVM_CAP_S390_HPAGE_1M
7094--------------------------
7095
7096:Architectures: s390
7097:Parameters: none
7098:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL if hpage module parameter was not set
7099	  or cmma is enabled, or the VM has the KVM_VM_S390_UCONTROL
7100	  flag set
7101
7102With this capability the KVM support for memory backing with 1m pages
7103through hugetlbfs can be enabled for a VM. After the capability is
7104enabled, cmma can't be enabled anymore and pfmfi and the storage key
7105interpretation are disabled. If cmma has already been enabled or the
7106hpage module parameter is not set to 1, -EINVAL is returned.
7107
7108While it is generally possible to create a huge page backed VM without
7109this capability, the VM will not be able to run.
7110
71117.15 KVM_CAP_MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
7112------------------------------
7113
7114:Architectures: x86
7115:Parameters: args[0] whether feature should be enabled or not
7116
7117With this capability, a guest may read the MSR_PLATFORM_INFO MSR. Otherwise,
7118a #GP would be raised when the guest tries to access. Currently, this
7119capability does not enable write permissions of this MSR for the guest.
7120
71217.16 KVM_CAP_PPC_NESTED_HV
7122--------------------------
7123
7124:Architectures: ppc
7125:Parameters: none
7126:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when the implementation doesn't support
7127	  nested-HV virtualization.
7128
7129HV-KVM on POWER9 and later systems allows for "nested-HV"
7130virtualization, which provides a way for a guest VM to run guests that
7131can run using the CPU's supervisor mode (privileged non-hypervisor
7132state).  Enabling this capability on a VM depends on the CPU having
7133the necessary functionality and on the facility being enabled with a
7134kvm-hv module parameter.
7135
71367.17 KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD
7137------------------------------
7138
7139:Architectures: x86
7140:Parameters: args[0] whether feature should be enabled or not
7141
7142With this capability enabled, CR2 will not be modified prior to the
7143emulated VM-exit when L1 intercepts a #PF exception that occurs in
7144L2. Similarly, for kvm-intel only, DR6 will not be modified prior to
7145the emulated VM-exit when L1 intercepts a #DB exception that occurs in
7146L2. As a result, when KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS reports a pending #PF (or
7147#DB) exception for L2, exception.has_payload will be set and the
7148faulting address (or the new DR6 bits*) will be reported in the
7149exception_payload field. Similarly, when userspace injects a #PF (or
7150#DB) into L2 using KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS, it is expected to set
7151exception.has_payload and to put the faulting address - or the new DR6
7152bits\ [#]_ - in the exception_payload field.
7153
7154This capability also enables exception.pending in struct
7155kvm_vcpu_events, which allows userspace to distinguish between pending
7156and injected exceptions.
7157
7158
7159.. [#] For the new DR6 bits, note that bit 16 is set iff the #DB exception
7160       will clear DR6.RTM.
7161
71627.18 KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2
7163
7164:Architectures: x86, arm64, mips
7165:Parameters: args[0] whether feature should be enabled or not
7166
7167Valid flags are::
7168
7169  #define KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE   (1 << 0)
7170  #define KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET           (1 << 1)
7171
7172With KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE is set, KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG will not
7173automatically clear and write-protect all pages that are returned as dirty.
7174Rather, userspace will have to do this operation separately using
7175KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG.
7176
7177At the cost of a slightly more complicated operation, this provides better
7178scalability and responsiveness for two reasons.  First,
7179KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG ioctl can operate on a 64-page granularity rather
7180than requiring to sync a full memslot; this ensures that KVM does not
7181take spinlocks for an extended period of time.  Second, in some cases a
7182large amount of time can pass between a call to KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG and
7183userspace actually using the data in the page.  Pages can be modified
7184during this time, which is inefficient for both the guest and userspace:
7185the guest will incur a higher penalty due to write protection faults,
7186while userspace can see false reports of dirty pages.  Manual reprotection
7187helps reducing this time, improving guest performance and reducing the
7188number of dirty log false positives.
7189
7190With KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET set, all the bits of the dirty bitmap
7191will be initialized to 1 when created.  This also improves performance because
7192dirty logging can be enabled gradually in small chunks on the first call
7193to KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG.  KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET depends on
7194KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE (it is also only available on
7195x86 and arm64 for now).
7196
7197KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 was previously available under the name
7198KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT, but the implementation had bugs that make
7199it hard or impossible to use it correctly.  The availability of
7200KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 signals that those bugs are fixed.
7201Userspace should not try to use KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT.
7202
72037.19 KVM_CAP_PPC_SECURE_GUEST
7204------------------------------
7205
7206:Architectures: ppc
7207
7208This capability indicates that KVM is running on a host that has
7209ultravisor firmware and thus can support a secure guest.  On such a
7210system, a guest can ask the ultravisor to make it a secure guest,
7211one whose memory is inaccessible to the host except for pages which
7212are explicitly requested to be shared with the host.  The ultravisor
7213notifies KVM when a guest requests to become a secure guest, and KVM
7214has the opportunity to veto the transition.
7215
7216If present, this capability can be enabled for a VM, meaning that KVM
7217will allow the transition to secure guest mode.  Otherwise KVM will
7218veto the transition.
7219
72207.20 KVM_CAP_HALT_POLL
7221----------------------
7222
7223:Architectures: all
7224:Target: VM
7225:Parameters: args[0] is the maximum poll time in nanoseconds
7226:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
7227
7228KVM_CAP_HALT_POLL overrides the kvm.halt_poll_ns module parameter to set the
7229maximum halt-polling time for all vCPUs in the target VM. This capability can
7230be invoked at any time and any number of times to dynamically change the
7231maximum halt-polling time.
7232
7233See Documentation/virt/kvm/halt-polling.rst for more information on halt
7234polling.
7235
72367.21 KVM_CAP_X86_USER_SPACE_MSR
7237-------------------------------
7238
7239:Architectures: x86
7240:Target: VM
7241:Parameters: args[0] contains the mask of KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_* events to report
7242:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
7243
7244This capability allows userspace to intercept RDMSR and WRMSR instructions if
7245access to an MSR is denied.  By default, KVM injects #GP on denied accesses.
7246
7247When a guest requests to read or write an MSR, KVM may not implement all MSRs
7248that are relevant to a respective system. It also does not differentiate by
7249CPU type.
7250
7251To allow more fine grained control over MSR handling, userspace may enable
7252this capability. With it enabled, MSR accesses that match the mask specified in
7253args[0] and would trigger a #GP inside the guest will instead trigger
7254KVM_EXIT_X86_RDMSR and KVM_EXIT_X86_WRMSR exit notifications.  Userspace
7255can then implement model specific MSR handling and/or user notifications
7256to inform a user that an MSR was not emulated/virtualized by KVM.
7257
7258The valid mask flags are:
7259
7260============================ ===============================================
7261 KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_UNKNOWN intercept accesses to unknown (to KVM) MSRs
7262 KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_INVAL   intercept accesses that are architecturally
7263                             invalid according to the vCPU model and/or mode
7264 KVM_MSR_EXIT_REASON_FILTER  intercept accesses that are denied by userspace
7265                             via KVM_X86_SET_MSR_FILTER
7266============================ ===============================================
7267
72687.22 KVM_CAP_X86_BUS_LOCK_EXIT
7269-------------------------------
7270
7271:Architectures: x86
7272:Target: VM
7273:Parameters: args[0] defines the policy used when bus locks detected in guest
7274:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when args[0] contains invalid bits
7275
7276Valid bits in args[0] are::
7277
7278  #define KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_OFF      (1 << 0)
7279  #define KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_EXIT     (1 << 1)
7280
7281Enabling this capability on a VM provides userspace with a way to select
7282a policy to handle the bus locks detected in guest. Userspace can obtain
7283the supported modes from the result of KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION and define it
7284through the KVM_ENABLE_CAP.
7285
7286KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_OFF and KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_EXIT are supported
7287currently and mutually exclusive with each other. More bits can be added in
7288the future.
7289
7290With KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_OFF set, bus locks in guest will not cause vm exits
7291so that no additional actions are needed. This is the default mode.
7292
7293With KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_EXIT set, vm exits happen when bus lock detected
7294in VM. KVM just exits to userspace when handling them. Userspace can enforce
7295its own throttling or other policy based mitigations.
7296
7297This capability is aimed to address the thread that VM can exploit bus locks to
7298degree the performance of the whole system. Once the userspace enable this
7299capability and select the KVM_BUS_LOCK_DETECTION_EXIT mode, KVM will set the
7300KVM_RUN_BUS_LOCK flag in vcpu-run->flags field and exit to userspace. Concerning
7301the bus lock vm exit can be preempted by a higher priority VM exit, the exit
7302notifications to userspace can be KVM_EXIT_BUS_LOCK or other reasons.
7303KVM_RUN_BUS_LOCK flag is used to distinguish between them.
7304
73057.23 KVM_CAP_PPC_DAWR1
7306----------------------
7307
7308:Architectures: ppc
7309:Parameters: none
7310:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when CPU doesn't support 2nd DAWR
7311
7312This capability can be used to check / enable 2nd DAWR feature provided
7313by POWER10 processor.
7314
7315
73167.24 KVM_CAP_VM_COPY_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM
7317-------------------------------------
7318
7319Architectures: x86 SEV enabled
7320Type: vm
7321Parameters: args[0] is the fd of the source vm
7322Returns: 0 on success; ENOTTY on error
7323
7324This capability enables userspace to copy encryption context from the vm
7325indicated by the fd to the vm this is called on.
7326
7327This is intended to support in-guest workloads scheduled by the host. This
7328allows the in-guest workload to maintain its own NPTs and keeps the two vms
7329from accidentally clobbering each other with interrupts and the like (separate
7330APIC/MSRs/etc).
7331
73327.25 KVM_CAP_SGX_ATTRIBUTE
7333--------------------------
7334
7335:Architectures: x86
7336:Target: VM
7337:Parameters: args[0] is a file handle of a SGX attribute file in securityfs
7338:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL if the file handle is invalid or if a requested
7339          attribute is not supported by KVM.
7340
7341KVM_CAP_SGX_ATTRIBUTE enables a userspace VMM to grant a VM access to one or
7342more priveleged enclave attributes.  args[0] must hold a file handle to a valid
7343SGX attribute file corresponding to an attribute that is supported/restricted
7344by KVM (currently only PROVISIONKEY).
7345
7346The SGX subsystem restricts access to a subset of enclave attributes to provide
7347additional security for an uncompromised kernel, e.g. use of the PROVISIONKEY
7348is restricted to deter malware from using the PROVISIONKEY to obtain a stable
7349system fingerprint.  To prevent userspace from circumventing such restrictions
7350by running an enclave in a VM, KVM prevents access to privileged attributes by
7351default.
7352
7353See Documentation/x86/sgx.rst for more details.
7354
73557.26 KVM_CAP_PPC_RPT_INVALIDATE
7356-------------------------------
7357
7358:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RPT_INVALIDATE
7359:Architectures: ppc
7360:Type: vm
7361
7362This capability indicates that the kernel is capable of handling
7363H_RPT_INVALIDATE hcall.
7364
7365In order to enable the use of H_RPT_INVALIDATE in the guest,
7366user space might have to advertise it for the guest. For example,
7367IBM pSeries (sPAPR) guest starts using it if "hcall-rpt-invalidate" is
7368present in the "ibm,hypertas-functions" device-tree property.
7369
7370This capability is enabled for hypervisors on platforms like POWER9
7371that support radix MMU.
7372
73737.27 KVM_CAP_EXIT_ON_EMULATION_FAILURE
7374--------------------------------------
7375
7376:Architectures: x86
7377:Parameters: args[0] whether the feature should be enabled or not
7378
7379When this capability is enabled, an emulation failure will result in an exit
7380to userspace with KVM_INTERNAL_ERROR (except when the emulator was invoked
7381to handle a VMware backdoor instruction). Furthermore, KVM will now provide up
7382to 15 instruction bytes for any exit to userspace resulting from an emulation
7383failure.  When these exits to userspace occur use the emulation_failure struct
7384instead of the internal struct.  They both have the same layout, but the
7385emulation_failure struct matches the content better.  It also explicitly
7386defines the 'flags' field which is used to describe the fields in the struct
7387that are valid (ie: if KVM_INTERNAL_ERROR_EMULATION_FLAG_INSTRUCTION_BYTES is
7388set in the 'flags' field then both 'insn_size' and 'insn_bytes' have valid data
7389in them.)
7390
73917.28 KVM_CAP_ARM_MTE
7392--------------------
7393
7394:Architectures: arm64
7395:Parameters: none
7396
7397This capability indicates that KVM (and the hardware) supports exposing the
7398Memory Tagging Extensions (MTE) to the guest. It must also be enabled by the
7399VMM before creating any VCPUs to allow the guest access. Note that MTE is only
7400available to a guest running in AArch64 mode and enabling this capability will
7401cause attempts to create AArch32 VCPUs to fail.
7402
7403When enabled the guest is able to access tags associated with any memory given
7404to the guest. KVM will ensure that the tags are maintained during swap or
7405hibernation of the host; however the VMM needs to manually save/restore the
7406tags as appropriate if the VM is migrated.
7407
7408When this capability is enabled all memory in memslots must be mapped as
7409``MAP_ANONYMOUS`` or with a RAM-based file mapping (``tmpfs``, ``memfd``),
7410attempts to create a memslot with an invalid mmap will result in an
7411-EINVAL return.
7412
7413When enabled the VMM may make use of the ``KVM_ARM_MTE_COPY_TAGS`` ioctl to
7414perform a bulk copy of tags to/from the guest.
7415
74167.29 KVM_CAP_VM_MOVE_ENC_CONTEXT_FROM
7417-------------------------------------
7418
7419Architectures: x86 SEV enabled
7420Type: vm
7421Parameters: args[0] is the fd of the source vm
7422Returns: 0 on success
7423
7424This capability enables userspace to migrate the encryption context from the VM
7425indicated by the fd to the VM this is called on.
7426
7427This is intended to support intra-host migration of VMs between userspace VMMs,
7428upgrading the VMM process without interrupting the guest.
7429
74307.30 KVM_CAP_PPC_AIL_MODE_3
7431-------------------------------
7432
7433:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_AIL_MODE_3
7434:Architectures: ppc
7435:Type: vm
7436
7437This capability indicates that the kernel supports the mode 3 setting for the
7438"Address Translation Mode on Interrupt" aka "Alternate Interrupt Location"
7439resource that is controlled with the H_SET_MODE hypercall.
7440
7441This capability allows a guest kernel to use a better-performance mode for
7442handling interrupts and system calls.
7443
74447.31 KVM_CAP_DISABLE_QUIRKS2
7445----------------------------
7446
7447:Capability: KVM_CAP_DISABLE_QUIRKS2
7448:Parameters: args[0] - set of KVM quirks to disable
7449:Architectures: x86
7450:Type: vm
7451
7452This capability, if enabled, will cause KVM to disable some behavior
7453quirks.
7454
7455Calling KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION for this capability returns a bitmask of
7456quirks that can be disabled in KVM.
7457
7458The argument to KVM_ENABLE_CAP for this capability is a bitmask of
7459quirks to disable, and must be a subset of the bitmask returned by
7460KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION.
7461
7462The valid bits in cap.args[0] are:
7463
7464=================================== ============================================
7465 KVM_X86_QUIRK_LINT0_REENABLED      By default, the reset value for the LVT
7466                                    LINT0 register is 0x700 (APIC_MODE_EXTINT).
7467                                    When this quirk is disabled, the reset value
7468                                    is 0x10000 (APIC_LVT_MASKED).
7469
7470 KVM_X86_QUIRK_CD_NW_CLEARED        By default, KVM clears CR0.CD and CR0.NW.
7471                                    When this quirk is disabled, KVM does not
7472                                    change the value of CR0.CD and CR0.NW.
7473
7474 KVM_X86_QUIRK_LAPIC_MMIO_HOLE      By default, the MMIO LAPIC interface is
7475                                    available even when configured for x2APIC
7476                                    mode. When this quirk is disabled, KVM
7477                                    disables the MMIO LAPIC interface if the
7478                                    LAPIC is in x2APIC mode.
7479
7480 KVM_X86_QUIRK_OUT_7E_INC_RIP       By default, KVM pre-increments %rip before
7481                                    exiting to userspace for an OUT instruction
7482                                    to port 0x7e. When this quirk is disabled,
7483                                    KVM does not pre-increment %rip before
7484                                    exiting to userspace.
7485
7486 KVM_X86_QUIRK_MISC_ENABLE_NO_MWAIT When this quirk is disabled, KVM sets
7487                                    CPUID.01H:ECX[bit 3] (MONITOR/MWAIT) if
7488                                    IA32_MISC_ENABLE[bit 18] (MWAIT) is set.
7489                                    Additionally, when this quirk is disabled,
7490                                    KVM clears CPUID.01H:ECX[bit 3] if
7491                                    IA32_MISC_ENABLE[bit 18] is cleared.
7492
7493 KVM_X86_QUIRK_FIX_HYPERCALL_INSN   By default, KVM rewrites guest
7494                                    VMMCALL/VMCALL instructions to match the
7495                                    vendor's hypercall instruction for the
7496                                    system. When this quirk is disabled, KVM
7497                                    will no longer rewrite invalid guest
7498                                    hypercall instructions. Executing the
7499                                    incorrect hypercall instruction will
7500                                    generate a #UD within the guest.
7501
7502KVM_X86_QUIRK_MWAIT_NEVER_UD_FAULTS By default, KVM emulates MONITOR/MWAIT (if
7503                                    they are intercepted) as NOPs regardless of
7504                                    whether or not MONITOR/MWAIT are supported
7505                                    according to guest CPUID.  When this quirk
7506                                    is disabled and KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_MWAIT
7507                                    is not set (MONITOR/MWAIT are intercepted),
7508                                    KVM will inject a #UD on MONITOR/MWAIT if
7509                                    they're unsupported per guest CPUID.  Note,
7510                                    KVM will modify MONITOR/MWAIT support in
7511                                    guest CPUID on writes to MISC_ENABLE if
7512                                    KVM_X86_QUIRK_MISC_ENABLE_NO_MWAIT is
7513                                    disabled.
7514=================================== ============================================
7515
75167.32 KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID
7517------------------------
7518
7519:Architectures: x86
7520:Target: VM
7521:Parameters: args[0] - maximum APIC ID value set for current VM
7522:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL if args[0] is beyond KVM_MAX_VCPU_IDS
7523          supported in KVM or if it has been set.
7524
7525This capability allows userspace to specify maximum possible APIC ID
7526assigned for current VM session prior to the creation of vCPUs, saving
7527memory for data structures indexed by the APIC ID.  Userspace is able
7528to calculate the limit to APIC ID values from designated
7529CPU topology.
7530
7531The value can be changed only until KVM_ENABLE_CAP is set to a nonzero
7532value or until a vCPU is created.  Upon creation of the first vCPU,
7533if the value was set to zero or KVM_ENABLE_CAP was not invoked, KVM
7534uses the return value of KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID) as
7535the maximum APIC ID.
7536
75377.33 KVM_CAP_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT
7538------------------------------
7539
7540:Architectures: x86
7541:Target: VM
7542:Parameters: args[0] is the value of notify window as well as some flags
7543:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL if args[0] contains invalid flags or notify
7544          VM exit is unsupported.
7545
7546Bits 63:32 of args[0] are used for notify window.
7547Bits 31:0 of args[0] are for some flags. Valid bits are::
7548
7549  #define KVM_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT_ENABLED    (1 << 0)
7550  #define KVM_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT_USER       (1 << 1)
7551
7552This capability allows userspace to configure the notify VM exit on/off
7553in per-VM scope during VM creation. Notify VM exit is disabled by default.
7554When userspace sets KVM_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT_ENABLED bit in args[0], VMM will
7555enable this feature with the notify window provided, which will generate
7556a VM exit if no event window occurs in VM non-root mode for a specified of
7557time (notify window).
7558
7559If KVM_X86_NOTIFY_VMEXIT_USER is set in args[0], upon notify VM exits happen,
7560KVM would exit to userspace for handling.
7561
7562This capability is aimed to mitigate the threat that malicious VMs can
7563cause CPU stuck (due to event windows don't open up) and make the CPU
7564unavailable to host or other VMs.
7565
75668. Other capabilities.
7567======================
7568
7569This section lists capabilities that give information about other
7570features of the KVM implementation.
7571
75728.1 KVM_CAP_PPC_HWRNG
7573---------------------
7574
7575:Architectures: ppc
7576
7577This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
7578available, means that the kernel has an implementation of the
7579H_RANDOM hypercall backed by a hardware random-number generator.
7580If present, the kernel H_RANDOM handler can be enabled for guest use
7581with the KVM_CAP_PPC_ENABLE_HCALL capability.
7582
75838.2 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC
7584------------------------
7585
7586:Architectures: x86
7587
7588This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
7589available, means that the kernel has an implementation of the
7590Hyper-V Synthetic interrupt controller(SynIC). Hyper-V SynIC is
7591used to support Windows Hyper-V based guest paravirt drivers(VMBus).
7592
7593In order to use SynIC, it has to be activated by setting this
7594capability via KVM_ENABLE_CAP ioctl on the vcpu fd. Note that this
7595will disable the use of APIC hardware virtualization even if supported
7596by the CPU, as it's incompatible with SynIC auto-EOI behavior.
7597
75988.3 KVM_CAP_PPC_RADIX_MMU
7599-------------------------
7600
7601:Architectures: ppc
7602
7603This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
7604available, means that the kernel can support guests using the
7605radix MMU defined in Power ISA V3.00 (as implemented in the POWER9
7606processor).
7607
76088.4 KVM_CAP_PPC_HASH_MMU_V3
7609---------------------------
7610
7611:Architectures: ppc
7612
7613This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
7614available, means that the kernel can support guests using the
7615hashed page table MMU defined in Power ISA V3.00 (as implemented in
7616the POWER9 processor), including in-memory segment tables.
7617
76188.5 KVM_CAP_MIPS_VZ
7619-------------------
7620
7621:Architectures: mips
7622
7623This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on the main kvm handle indicates that
7624it is available, means that full hardware assisted virtualization capabilities
7625of the hardware are available for use through KVM. An appropriate
7626KVM_VM_MIPS_* type must be passed to KVM_CREATE_VM to create a VM which
7627utilises it.
7628
7629If KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on a kvm VM handle indicates that this capability is
7630available, it means that the VM is using full hardware assisted virtualization
7631capabilities of the hardware. This is useful to check after creating a VM with
7632KVM_VM_MIPS_DEFAULT.
7633
7634The value returned by KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION should be compared against known
7635values (see below). All other values are reserved. This is to allow for the
7636possibility of other hardware assisted virtualization implementations which
7637may be incompatible with the MIPS VZ ASE.
7638
7639==  ==========================================================================
7640 0  The trap & emulate implementation is in use to run guest code in user
7641    mode. Guest virtual memory segments are rearranged to fit the guest in the
7642    user mode address space.
7643
7644 1  The MIPS VZ ASE is in use, providing full hardware assisted
7645    virtualization, including standard guest virtual memory segments.
7646==  ==========================================================================
7647
76488.6 KVM_CAP_MIPS_TE
7649-------------------
7650
7651:Architectures: mips
7652
7653This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on the main kvm handle indicates that
7654it is available, means that the trap & emulate implementation is available to
7655run guest code in user mode, even if KVM_CAP_MIPS_VZ indicates that hardware
7656assisted virtualisation is also available. KVM_VM_MIPS_TE (0) must be passed
7657to KVM_CREATE_VM to create a VM which utilises it.
7658
7659If KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on a kvm VM handle indicates that this capability is
7660available, it means that the VM is using trap & emulate.
7661
76628.7 KVM_CAP_MIPS_64BIT
7663----------------------
7664
7665:Architectures: mips
7666
7667This capability indicates the supported architecture type of the guest, i.e. the
7668supported register and address width.
7669
7670The values returned when this capability is checked by KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on a
7671kvm VM handle correspond roughly to the CP0_Config.AT register field, and should
7672be checked specifically against known values (see below). All other values are
7673reserved.
7674
7675==  ========================================================================
7676 0  MIPS32 or microMIPS32.
7677    Both registers and addresses are 32-bits wide.
7678    It will only be possible to run 32-bit guest code.
7679
7680 1  MIPS64 or microMIPS64 with access only to 32-bit compatibility segments.
7681    Registers are 64-bits wide, but addresses are 32-bits wide.
7682    64-bit guest code may run but cannot access MIPS64 memory segments.
7683    It will also be possible to run 32-bit guest code.
7684
7685 2  MIPS64 or microMIPS64 with access to all address segments.
7686    Both registers and addresses are 64-bits wide.
7687    It will be possible to run 64-bit or 32-bit guest code.
7688==  ========================================================================
7689
76908.9 KVM_CAP_ARM_USER_IRQ
7691------------------------
7692
7693:Architectures: arm64
7694
7695This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is available, means
7696that if userspace creates a VM without an in-kernel interrupt controller, it
7697will be notified of changes to the output level of in-kernel emulated devices,
7698which can generate virtual interrupts, presented to the VM.
7699For such VMs, on every return to userspace, the kernel
7700updates the vcpu's run->s.regs.device_irq_level field to represent the actual
7701output level of the device.
7702
7703Whenever kvm detects a change in the device output level, kvm guarantees at
7704least one return to userspace before running the VM.  This exit could either
7705be a KVM_EXIT_INTR or any other exit event, like KVM_EXIT_MMIO. This way,
7706userspace can always sample the device output level and re-compute the state of
7707the userspace interrupt controller.  Userspace should always check the state
7708of run->s.regs.device_irq_level on every kvm exit.
7709The value in run->s.regs.device_irq_level can represent both level and edge
7710triggered interrupt signals, depending on the device.  Edge triggered interrupt
7711signals will exit to userspace with the bit in run->s.regs.device_irq_level
7712set exactly once per edge signal.
7713
7714The field run->s.regs.device_irq_level is available independent of
7715run->kvm_valid_regs or run->kvm_dirty_regs bits.
7716
7717If KVM_CAP_ARM_USER_IRQ is supported, the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl returns a
7718number larger than 0 indicating the version of this capability is implemented
7719and thereby which bits in run->s.regs.device_irq_level can signal values.
7720
7721Currently the following bits are defined for the device_irq_level bitmap::
7722
7723  KVM_CAP_ARM_USER_IRQ >= 1:
7724
7725    KVM_ARM_DEV_EL1_VTIMER -  EL1 virtual timer
7726    KVM_ARM_DEV_EL1_PTIMER -  EL1 physical timer
7727    KVM_ARM_DEV_PMU        -  ARM PMU overflow interrupt signal
7728
7729Future versions of kvm may implement additional events. These will get
7730indicated by returning a higher number from KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION and will be
7731listed above.
7732
77338.10 KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT_POSSIBLE
7734-----------------------------
7735
7736:Architectures: ppc
7737
7738Querying this capability returns a bitmap indicating the possible
7739virtual SMT modes that can be set using KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT.  If bit N
7740(counting from the right) is set, then a virtual SMT mode of 2^N is
7741available.
7742
77438.11 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC2
7744--------------------------
7745
7746:Architectures: x86
7747
7748This capability enables a newer version of Hyper-V Synthetic interrupt
7749controller (SynIC).  The only difference with KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC is that KVM
7750doesn't clear SynIC message and event flags pages when they are enabled by
7751writing to the respective MSRs.
7752
77538.12 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_VP_INDEX
7754----------------------------
7755
7756:Architectures: x86
7757
7758This capability indicates that userspace can load HV_X64_MSR_VP_INDEX msr.  Its
7759value is used to denote the target vcpu for a SynIC interrupt.  For
7760compatibilty, KVM initializes this msr to KVM's internal vcpu index.  When this
7761capability is absent, userspace can still query this msr's value.
7762
77638.13 KVM_CAP_S390_AIS_MIGRATION
7764-------------------------------
7765
7766:Architectures: s390
7767:Parameters: none
7768
7769This capability indicates if the flic device will be able to get/set the
7770AIS states for migration via the KVM_DEV_FLIC_AISM_ALL attribute and allows
7771to discover this without having to create a flic device.
7772
77738.14 KVM_CAP_S390_PSW
7774---------------------
7775
7776:Architectures: s390
7777
7778This capability indicates that the PSW is exposed via the kvm_run structure.
7779
77808.15 KVM_CAP_S390_GMAP
7781----------------------
7782
7783:Architectures: s390
7784
7785This capability indicates that the user space memory used as guest mapping can
7786be anywhere in the user memory address space, as long as the memory slots are
7787aligned and sized to a segment (1MB) boundary.
7788
77898.16 KVM_CAP_S390_COW
7790---------------------
7791
7792:Architectures: s390
7793
7794This capability indicates that the user space memory used as guest mapping can
7795use copy-on-write semantics as well as dirty pages tracking via read-only page
7796tables.
7797
77988.17 KVM_CAP_S390_BPB
7799---------------------
7800
7801:Architectures: s390
7802
7803This capability indicates that kvm will implement the interfaces to handle
7804reset, migration and nested KVM for branch prediction blocking. The stfle
7805facility 82 should not be provided to the guest without this capability.
7806
78078.18 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_TLBFLUSH
7808----------------------------
7809
7810:Architectures: x86
7811
7812This capability indicates that KVM supports paravirtualized Hyper-V TLB Flush
7813hypercalls:
7814HvFlushVirtualAddressSpace, HvFlushVirtualAddressSpaceEx,
7815HvFlushVirtualAddressList, HvFlushVirtualAddressListEx.
7816
78178.19 KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_SERROR_ESR
7818----------------------------------
7819
7820:Architectures: arm64
7821
7822This capability indicates that userspace can specify (via the
7823KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS ioctl) the syndrome value reported to the guest when it
7824takes a virtual SError interrupt exception.
7825If KVM advertises this capability, userspace can only specify the ISS field for
7826the ESR syndrome. Other parts of the ESR, such as the EC are generated by the
7827CPU when the exception is taken. If this virtual SError is taken to EL1 using
7828AArch64, this value will be reported in the ISS field of ESR_ELx.
7829
7830See KVM_CAP_VCPU_EVENTS for more details.
7831
78328.20 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SEND_IPI
7833----------------------------
7834
7835:Architectures: x86
7836
7837This capability indicates that KVM supports paravirtualized Hyper-V IPI send
7838hypercalls:
7839HvCallSendSyntheticClusterIpi, HvCallSendSyntheticClusterIpiEx.
7840
78418.21 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_DIRECT_TLBFLUSH
7842-----------------------------------
7843
7844:Architectures: x86
7845
7846This capability indicates that KVM running on top of Hyper-V hypervisor
7847enables Direct TLB flush for its guests meaning that TLB flush
7848hypercalls are handled by Level 0 hypervisor (Hyper-V) bypassing KVM.
7849Due to the different ABI for hypercall parameters between Hyper-V and
7850KVM, enabling this capability effectively disables all hypercall
7851handling by KVM (as some KVM hypercall may be mistakenly treated as TLB
7852flush hypercalls by Hyper-V) so userspace should disable KVM identification
7853in CPUID and only exposes Hyper-V identification. In this case, guest
7854thinks it's running on Hyper-V and only use Hyper-V hypercalls.
7855
78568.22 KVM_CAP_S390_VCPU_RESETS
7857-----------------------------
7858
7859:Architectures: s390
7860
7861This capability indicates that the KVM_S390_NORMAL_RESET and
7862KVM_S390_CLEAR_RESET ioctls are available.
7863
78648.23 KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED
7865---------------------------
7866
7867:Architectures: s390
7868
7869This capability indicates that the Ultravisor has been initialized and
7870KVM can therefore start protected VMs.
7871This capability governs the KVM_S390_PV_COMMAND ioctl and the
7872KVM_MP_STATE_LOAD MP_STATE. KVM_SET_MP_STATE can fail for protected
7873guests when the state change is invalid.
7874
78758.24 KVM_CAP_STEAL_TIME
7876-----------------------
7877
7878:Architectures: arm64, x86
7879
7880This capability indicates that KVM supports steal time accounting.
7881When steal time accounting is supported it may be enabled with
7882architecture-specific interfaces.  This capability and the architecture-
7883specific interfaces must be consistent, i.e. if one says the feature
7884is supported, than the other should as well and vice versa.  For arm64
7885see Documentation/virt/kvm/devices/vcpu.rst "KVM_ARM_VCPU_PVTIME_CTRL".
7886For x86 see Documentation/virt/kvm/x86/msr.rst "MSR_KVM_STEAL_TIME".
7887
78888.25 KVM_CAP_S390_DIAG318
7889-------------------------
7890
7891:Architectures: s390
7892
7893This capability enables a guest to set information about its control program
7894(i.e. guest kernel type and version). The information is helpful during
7895system/firmware service events, providing additional data about the guest
7896environments running on the machine.
7897
7898The information is associated with the DIAGNOSE 0x318 instruction, which sets
7899an 8-byte value consisting of a one-byte Control Program Name Code (CPNC) and
7900a 7-byte Control Program Version Code (CPVC). The CPNC determines what
7901environment the control program is running in (e.g. Linux, z/VM...), and the
7902CPVC is used for information specific to OS (e.g. Linux version, Linux
7903distribution...)
7904
7905If this capability is available, then the CPNC and CPVC can be synchronized
7906between KVM and userspace via the sync regs mechanism (KVM_SYNC_DIAG318).
7907
79088.26 KVM_CAP_X86_USER_SPACE_MSR
7909-------------------------------
7910
7911:Architectures: x86
7912
7913This capability indicates that KVM supports deflection of MSR reads and
7914writes to user space. It can be enabled on a VM level. If enabled, MSR
7915accesses that would usually trigger a #GP by KVM into the guest will
7916instead get bounced to user space through the KVM_EXIT_X86_RDMSR and
7917KVM_EXIT_X86_WRMSR exit notifications.
7918
79198.27 KVM_CAP_X86_MSR_FILTER
7920---------------------------
7921
7922:Architectures: x86
7923
7924This capability indicates that KVM supports that accesses to user defined MSRs
7925may be rejected. With this capability exposed, KVM exports new VM ioctl
7926KVM_X86_SET_MSR_FILTER which user space can call to specify bitmaps of MSR
7927ranges that KVM should deny access to.
7928
7929In combination with KVM_CAP_X86_USER_SPACE_MSR, this allows user space to
7930trap and emulate MSRs that are outside of the scope of KVM as well as
7931limit the attack surface on KVM's MSR emulation code.
7932
79338.28 KVM_CAP_ENFORCE_PV_FEATURE_CPUID
7934-------------------------------------
7935
7936Architectures: x86
7937
7938When enabled, KVM will disable paravirtual features provided to the
7939guest according to the bits in the KVM_CPUID_FEATURES CPUID leaf
7940(0x40000001). Otherwise, a guest may use the paravirtual features
7941regardless of what has actually been exposed through the CPUID leaf.
7942
79438.29 KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING/KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING_ACQ_REL
7944----------------------------------------------------------
7945
7946:Architectures: x86, arm64
7947:Parameters: args[0] - size of the dirty log ring
7948
7949KVM is capable of tracking dirty memory using ring buffers that are
7950mmaped into userspace; there is one dirty ring per vcpu.
7951
7952The dirty ring is available to userspace as an array of
7953``struct kvm_dirty_gfn``.  Each dirty entry it's defined as::
7954
7955  struct kvm_dirty_gfn {
7956          __u32 flags;
7957          __u32 slot; /* as_id | slot_id */
7958          __u64 offset;
7959  };
7960
7961The following values are defined for the flags field to define the
7962current state of the entry::
7963
7964  #define KVM_DIRTY_GFN_F_DIRTY           BIT(0)
7965  #define KVM_DIRTY_GFN_F_RESET           BIT(1)
7966  #define KVM_DIRTY_GFN_F_MASK            0x3
7967
7968Userspace should call KVM_ENABLE_CAP ioctl right after KVM_CREATE_VM
7969ioctl to enable this capability for the new guest and set the size of
7970the rings.  Enabling the capability is only allowed before creating any
7971vCPU, and the size of the ring must be a power of two.  The larger the
7972ring buffer, the less likely the ring is full and the VM is forced to
7973exit to userspace. The optimal size depends on the workload, but it is
7974recommended that it be at least 64 KiB (4096 entries).
7975
7976Just like for dirty page bitmaps, the buffer tracks writes to
7977all user memory regions for which the KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES flag was
7978set in KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION.  Once a memory region is registered
7979with the flag set, userspace can start harvesting dirty pages from the
7980ring buffer.
7981
7982An entry in the ring buffer can be unused (flag bits ``00``),
7983dirty (flag bits ``01``) or harvested (flag bits ``1X``).  The
7984state machine for the entry is as follows::
7985
7986          dirtied         harvested        reset
7987     00 -----------> 01 -------------> 1X -------+
7988      ^                                          |
7989      |                                          |
7990      +------------------------------------------+
7991
7992To harvest the dirty pages, userspace accesses the mmaped ring buffer
7993to read the dirty GFNs.  If the flags has the DIRTY bit set (at this stage
7994the RESET bit must be cleared), then it means this GFN is a dirty GFN.
7995The userspace should harvest this GFN and mark the flags from state
7996``01b`` to ``1Xb`` (bit 0 will be ignored by KVM, but bit 1 must be set
7997to show that this GFN is harvested and waiting for a reset), and move
7998on to the next GFN.  The userspace should continue to do this until the
7999flags of a GFN have the DIRTY bit cleared, meaning that it has harvested
8000all the dirty GFNs that were available.
8001
8002Note that on weakly ordered architectures, userspace accesses to the
8003ring buffer (and more specifically the 'flags' field) must be ordered,
8004using load-acquire/store-release accessors when available, or any
8005other memory barrier that will ensure this ordering.
8006
8007It's not necessary for userspace to harvest the all dirty GFNs at once.
8008However it must collect the dirty GFNs in sequence, i.e., the userspace
8009program cannot skip one dirty GFN to collect the one next to it.
8010
8011After processing one or more entries in the ring buffer, userspace
8012calls the VM ioctl KVM_RESET_DIRTY_RINGS to notify the kernel about
8013it, so that the kernel will reprotect those collected GFNs.
8014Therefore, the ioctl must be called *before* reading the content of
8015the dirty pages.
8016
8017The dirty ring can get full.  When it happens, the KVM_RUN of the
8018vcpu will return with exit reason KVM_EXIT_DIRTY_LOG_FULL.
8019
8020The dirty ring interface has a major difference comparing to the
8021KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG interface in that, when reading the dirty ring from
8022userspace, it's still possible that the kernel has not yet flushed the
8023processor's dirty page buffers into the kernel buffer (with dirty bitmaps, the
8024flushing is done by the KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG ioctl).  To achieve that, one
8025needs to kick the vcpu out of KVM_RUN using a signal.  The resulting
8026vmexit ensures that all dirty GFNs are flushed to the dirty rings.
8027
8028NOTE: KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING_ACQ_REL is the only capability that
8029should be exposed by weakly ordered architecture, in order to indicate
8030the additional memory ordering requirements imposed on userspace when
8031reading the state of an entry and mutating it from DIRTY to HARVESTED.
8032Architecture with TSO-like ordering (such as x86) are allowed to
8033expose both KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING and KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING_ACQ_REL
8034to userspace.
8035
8036After enabling the dirty rings, the userspace needs to detect the
8037capability of KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING_WITH_BITMAP to see whether the
8038ring structures can be backed by per-slot bitmaps. With this capability
8039advertised, it means the architecture can dirty guest pages without
8040vcpu/ring context, so that some of the dirty information will still be
8041maintained in the bitmap structure. KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING_WITH_BITMAP
8042can't be enabled if the capability of KVM_CAP_DIRTY_LOG_RING_ACQ_REL
8043hasn't been enabled, or any memslot has been existing.
8044
8045Note that the bitmap here is only a backup of the ring structure. The
8046use of the ring and bitmap combination is only beneficial if there is
8047only a very small amount of memory that is dirtied out of vcpu/ring
8048context. Otherwise, the stand-alone per-slot bitmap mechanism needs to
8049be considered.
8050
8051To collect dirty bits in the backup bitmap, userspace can use the same
8052KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG ioctl. KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG isn't needed as long as all
8053the generation of the dirty bits is done in a single pass. Collecting
8054the dirty bitmap should be the very last thing that the VMM does before
8055considering the state as complete. VMM needs to ensure that the dirty
8056state is final and avoid missing dirty pages from another ioctl ordered
8057after the bitmap collection.
8058
8059NOTE: One example of using the backup bitmap is saving arm64 vgic/its
8060tables through KVM_DEV_ARM_{VGIC_GRP_CTRL, ITS_SAVE_TABLES} command on
8061KVM device "kvm-arm-vgic-its" when dirty ring is enabled.
8062
80638.30 KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM
8064--------------------
8065
8066:Architectures: x86
8067
8068This capability indicates the features that Xen supports for hosting Xen
8069PVHVM guests. Valid flags are::
8070
8071  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_HYPERCALL_MSR		(1 << 0)
8072  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_INTERCEPT_HCALL		(1 << 1)
8073  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_SHARED_INFO		(1 << 2)
8074  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_RUNSTATE			(1 << 3)
8075  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_2LEVEL		(1 << 4)
8076  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND		(1 << 5)
8077  #define KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG	(1 << 6)
8078
8079The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_HYPERCALL_MSR flag indicates that the KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG
8080ioctl is available, for the guest to set its hypercall page.
8081
8082If KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_INTERCEPT_HCALL is also set, the same flag may also be
8083provided in the flags to KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG, without providing hypercall page
8084contents, to request that KVM generate hypercall page content automatically
8085and also enable interception of guest hypercalls with KVM_EXIT_XEN.
8086
8087The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_SHARED_INFO flag indicates the availability of the
8088KVM_XEN_HVM_SET_ATTR, KVM_XEN_HVM_GET_ATTR, KVM_XEN_VCPU_SET_ATTR and
8089KVM_XEN_VCPU_GET_ATTR ioctls, as well as the delivery of exception vectors
8090for event channel upcalls when the evtchn_upcall_pending field of a vcpu's
8091vcpu_info is set.
8092
8093The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_RUNSTATE flag indicates that the runstate-related
8094features KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_ADDR/_CURRENT/_DATA/_ADJUST are
8095supported by the KVM_XEN_VCPU_SET_ATTR/KVM_XEN_VCPU_GET_ATTR ioctls.
8096
8097The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_2LEVEL flag indicates that IRQ routing entries
8098of the type KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_XEN_EVTCHN are supported, with the priority
8099field set to indicate 2 level event channel delivery.
8100
8101The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_EVTCHN_SEND flag indicates that KVM supports
8102injecting event channel events directly into the guest with the
8103KVM_XEN_HVM_EVTCHN_SEND ioctl. It also indicates support for the
8104KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_EVTCHN/XEN_VERSION HVM attributes and the
8105KVM_XEN_VCPU_ATTR_TYPE_VCPU_ID/TIMER/UPCALL_VECTOR vCPU attributes.
8106related to event channel delivery, timers, and the XENVER_version
8107interception.
8108
8109The KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG_RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG flag indicates that KVM supports
8110the KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG attribute in the KVM_XEN_SET_ATTR
8111and KVM_XEN_GET_ATTR ioctls. This controls whether KVM will set the
8112XEN_RUNSTATE_UPDATE flag in guest memory mapped vcpu_runstate_info during
8113updates of the runstate information. Note that versions of KVM which support
8114the RUNSTATE feature above, but not thie RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG feature, will
8115always set the XEN_RUNSTATE_UPDATE flag when updating the guest structure,
8116which is perhaps counterintuitive. When this flag is advertised, KVM will
8117behave more correctly, not using the XEN_RUNSTATE_UPDATE flag until/unless
8118specifically enabled (by the guest making the hypercall, causing the VMM
8119to enable the KVM_XEN_ATTR_TYPE_RUNSTATE_UPDATE_FLAG attribute).
8120
81218.31 KVM_CAP_PPC_MULTITCE
8122-------------------------
8123
8124:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_MULTITCE
8125:Architectures: ppc
8126:Type: vm
8127
8128This capability means the kernel is capable of handling hypercalls
8129H_PUT_TCE_INDIRECT and H_STUFF_TCE without passing those into the user
8130space. This significantly accelerates DMA operations for PPC KVM guests.
8131User space should expect that its handlers for these hypercalls
8132are not going to be called if user space previously registered LIOBN
8133in KVM (via KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE or similar calls).
8134
8135In order to enable H_PUT_TCE_INDIRECT and H_STUFF_TCE use in the guest,
8136user space might have to advertise it for the guest. For example,
8137IBM pSeries (sPAPR) guest starts using them if "hcall-multi-tce" is
8138present in the "ibm,hypertas-functions" device-tree property.
8139
8140The hypercalls mentioned above may or may not be processed successfully
8141in the kernel based fast path. If they can not be handled by the kernel,
8142they will get passed on to user space. So user space still has to have
8143an implementation for these despite the in kernel acceleration.
8144
8145This capability is always enabled.
8146
81478.32 KVM_CAP_PTP_KVM
8148--------------------
8149
8150:Architectures: arm64
8151
8152This capability indicates that the KVM virtual PTP service is
8153supported in the host. A VMM can check whether the service is
8154available to the guest on migration.
8155
81568.33 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_ENFORCE_CPUID
8157---------------------------------
8158
8159Architectures: x86
8160
8161When enabled, KVM will disable emulated Hyper-V features provided to the
8162guest according to the bits Hyper-V CPUID feature leaves. Otherwise, all
8163currently implmented Hyper-V features are provided unconditionally when
8164Hyper-V identification is set in the HYPERV_CPUID_INTERFACE (0x40000001)
8165leaf.
8166
81678.34 KVM_CAP_EXIT_HYPERCALL
8168---------------------------
8169
8170:Capability: KVM_CAP_EXIT_HYPERCALL
8171:Architectures: x86
8172:Type: vm
8173
8174This capability, if enabled, will cause KVM to exit to userspace
8175with KVM_EXIT_HYPERCALL exit reason to process some hypercalls.
8176
8177Calling KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION for this capability will return a bitmask
8178of hypercalls that can be configured to exit to userspace.
8179Right now, the only such hypercall is KVM_HC_MAP_GPA_RANGE.
8180
8181The argument to KVM_ENABLE_CAP is also a bitmask, and must be a subset
8182of the result of KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION.  KVM will forward to userspace
8183the hypercalls whose corresponding bit is in the argument, and return
8184ENOSYS for the others.
8185
81868.35 KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY
8187---------------------------
8188
8189:Capability KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY
8190:Architectures: x86
8191:Type: vm
8192:Parameters: arg[0] is bitmask of PMU virtualization capabilities.
8193:Returns 0 on success, -EINVAL when arg[0] contains invalid bits
8194
8195This capability alters PMU virtualization in KVM.
8196
8197Calling KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION for this capability returns a bitmask of
8198PMU virtualization capabilities that can be adjusted on a VM.
8199
8200The argument to KVM_ENABLE_CAP is also a bitmask and selects specific
8201PMU virtualization capabilities to be applied to the VM.  This can
8202only be invoked on a VM prior to the creation of VCPUs.
8203
8204At this time, KVM_PMU_CAP_DISABLE is the only capability.  Setting
8205this capability will disable PMU virtualization for that VM.  Usermode
8206should adjust CPUID leaf 0xA to reflect that the PMU is disabled.
8207
82088.36 KVM_CAP_ARM_SYSTEM_SUSPEND
8209-------------------------------
8210
8211:Capability: KVM_CAP_ARM_SYSTEM_SUSPEND
8212:Architectures: arm64
8213:Type: vm
8214
8215When enabled, KVM will exit to userspace with KVM_EXIT_SYSTEM_EVENT of
8216type KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SUSPEND to process the guest suspend request.
8217
82188.37 KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_DUMP
8219--------------------------------
8220
8221:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED_DUMP
8222:Architectures: s390
8223:Type: vm
8224
8225This capability indicates that KVM and the Ultravisor support dumping
8226PV guests. The `KVM_PV_DUMP` command is available for the
8227`KVM_S390_PV_COMMAND` ioctl and the `KVM_PV_INFO` command provides
8228dump related UV data. Also the vcpu ioctl `KVM_S390_PV_CPU_COMMAND` is
8229available and supports the `KVM_PV_DUMP_CPU` subcommand.
8230
82318.38 KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES
8232-------------------------------------
8233
8234:Capability: KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES
8235:Architectures: x86
8236:Type: vm
8237:Parameters: arg[0] must be 0.
8238:Returns: 0 on success, -EPERM if the userspace process does not
8239          have CAP_SYS_BOOT, -EINVAL if args[0] is not 0 or any vCPUs have been
8240          created.
8241
8242This capability disables the NX huge pages mitigation for iTLB MULTIHIT.
8243
8244The capability has no effect if the nx_huge_pages module parameter is not set.
8245
8246This capability may only be set before any vCPUs are created.
8247
82488.39 KVM_CAP_S390_CPU_TOPOLOGY
8249------------------------------
8250
8251:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_CPU_TOPOLOGY
8252:Architectures: s390
8253:Type: vm
8254
8255This capability indicates that KVM will provide the S390 CPU Topology
8256facility which consist of the interpretation of the PTF instruction for
8257the function code 2 along with interception and forwarding of both the
8258PTF instruction with function codes 0 or 1 and the STSI(15,1,x)
8259instruction to the userland hypervisor.
8260
8261The stfle facility 11, CPU Topology facility, should not be indicated
8262to the guest without this capability.
8263
8264When this capability is present, KVM provides a new attribute group
8265on vm fd, KVM_S390_VM_CPU_TOPOLOGY.
8266This new attribute allows to get, set or clear the Modified Change
8267Topology Report (MTCR) bit of the SCA through the kvm_device_attr
8268structure.
8269
8270When getting the Modified Change Topology Report value, the attr->addr
8271must point to a byte where the value will be stored or retrieved from.
8272
82739. Known KVM API problems
8274=========================
8275
8276In some cases, KVM's API has some inconsistencies or common pitfalls
8277that userspace need to be aware of.  This section details some of
8278these issues.
8279
8280Most of them are architecture specific, so the section is split by
8281architecture.
8282
82839.1. x86
8284--------
8285
8286``KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID`` issues
8287^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
8288
8289In general, ``KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID`` is designed so that it is possible
8290to take its result and pass it directly to ``KVM_SET_CPUID2``.  This section
8291documents some cases in which that requires some care.
8292
8293Local APIC features
8294~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
8295
8296CPU[EAX=1]:ECX[21] (X2APIC) is reported by ``KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID``,
8297but it can only be enabled if ``KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP`` or
8298``KVM_ENABLE_CAP(KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP_SPLIT)`` are used to enable in-kernel emulation of
8299the local APIC.
8300
8301The same is true for the ``KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT`` paravirtualized feature.
8302
8303CPU[EAX=1]:ECX[24] (TSC_DEADLINE) is not reported by ``KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID``.
8304It can be enabled if ``KVM_CAP_TSC_DEADLINE_TIMER`` is present and the kernel
8305has enabled in-kernel emulation of the local APIC.
8306
8307Obsolete ioctls and capabilities
8308^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
8309
8310KVM_CAP_DISABLE_QUIRKS does not let userspace know which quirks are actually
8311available.  Use ``KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION(KVM_CAP_DISABLE_QUIRKS2)`` instead if
8312available.
8313
8314Ordering of KVM_GET_*/KVM_SET_* ioctls
8315^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
8316
8317TBD
8318