xref: /openbmc/linux/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst (revision 29c37341)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2
3===================================================================
4The Definitive KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) API Documentation
5===================================================================
6
71. General description
8======================
9
10The kvm API is a set of ioctls that are issued to control various aspects
11of a virtual machine.  The ioctls belong to the following classes:
12
13 - System ioctls: These query and set global attributes which affect the
14   whole kvm subsystem.  In addition a system ioctl is used to create
15   virtual machines.
16
17 - VM ioctls: These query and set attributes that affect an entire virtual
18   machine, for example memory layout.  In addition a VM ioctl is used to
19   create virtual cpus (vcpus) and devices.
20
21   VM ioctls must be issued from the same process (address space) that was
22   used to create the VM.
23
24 - vcpu ioctls: These query and set attributes that control the operation
25   of a single virtual cpu.
26
27   vcpu ioctls should be issued from the same thread that was used to create
28   the vcpu, except for asynchronous vcpu ioctl that are marked as such in
29   the documentation.  Otherwise, the first ioctl after switching threads
30   could see a performance impact.
31
32 - device ioctls: These query and set attributes that control the operation
33   of a single device.
34
35   device ioctls must be issued from the same process (address space) that
36   was used to create the VM.
37
382. File descriptors
39===================
40
41The kvm API is centered around file descriptors.  An initial
42open("/dev/kvm") obtains a handle to the kvm subsystem; this handle
43can be used to issue system ioctls.  A KVM_CREATE_VM ioctl on this
44handle will create a VM file descriptor which can be used to issue VM
45ioctls.  A KVM_CREATE_VCPU or KVM_CREATE_DEVICE ioctl on a VM fd will
46create a virtual cpu or device and return a file descriptor pointing to
47the new resource.  Finally, ioctls on a vcpu or device fd can be used
48to control the vcpu or device.  For vcpus, this includes the important
49task of actually running guest code.
50
51In general file descriptors can be migrated among processes by means
52of fork() and the SCM_RIGHTS facility of unix domain socket.  These
53kinds of tricks are explicitly not supported by kvm.  While they will
54not cause harm to the host, their actual behavior is not guaranteed by
55the API.  See "General description" for details on the ioctl usage
56model that is supported by KVM.
57
58It is important to note that althought VM ioctls may only be issued from
59the process that created the VM, a VM's lifecycle is associated with its
60file descriptor, not its creator (process).  In other words, the VM and
61its resources, *including the associated address space*, are not freed
62until the last reference to the VM's file descriptor has been released.
63For example, if fork() is issued after ioctl(KVM_CREATE_VM), the VM will
64not be freed until both the parent (original) process and its child have
65put their references to the VM's file descriptor.
66
67Because a VM's resources are not freed until the last reference to its
68file descriptor is released, creating additional references to a VM
69via fork(), dup(), etc... without careful consideration is strongly
70discouraged and may have unwanted side effects, e.g. memory allocated
71by and on behalf of the VM's process may not be freed/unaccounted when
72the VM is shut down.
73
74
753. Extensions
76=============
77
78As of Linux 2.6.22, the KVM ABI has been stabilized: no backward
79incompatible change are allowed.  However, there is an extension
80facility that allows backward-compatible extensions to the API to be
81queried and used.
82
83The extension mechanism is not based on the Linux version number.
84Instead, kvm defines extension identifiers and a facility to query
85whether a particular extension identifier is available.  If it is, a
86set of ioctls is available for application use.
87
88
894. API description
90==================
91
92This section describes ioctls that can be used to control kvm guests.
93For each ioctl, the following information is provided along with a
94description:
95
96  Capability:
97      which KVM extension provides this ioctl.  Can be 'basic',
98      which means that is will be provided by any kernel that supports
99      API version 12 (see section 4.1), a KVM_CAP_xyz constant, which
100      means availability needs to be checked with KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION
101      (see section 4.4), or 'none' which means that while not all kernels
102      support this ioctl, there's no capability bit to check its
103      availability: for kernels that don't support the ioctl,
104      the ioctl returns -ENOTTY.
105
106  Architectures:
107      which instruction set architectures provide this ioctl.
108      x86 includes both i386 and x86_64.
109
110  Type:
111      system, vm, or vcpu.
112
113  Parameters:
114      what parameters are accepted by the ioctl.
115
116  Returns:
117      the return value.  General error numbers (EBADF, ENOMEM, EINVAL)
118      are not detailed, but errors with specific meanings are.
119
120
1214.1 KVM_GET_API_VERSION
122-----------------------
123
124:Capability: basic
125:Architectures: all
126:Type: system ioctl
127:Parameters: none
128:Returns: the constant KVM_API_VERSION (=12)
129
130This identifies the API version as the stable kvm API. It is not
131expected that this number will change.  However, Linux 2.6.20 and
1322.6.21 report earlier versions; these are not documented and not
133supported.  Applications should refuse to run if KVM_GET_API_VERSION
134returns a value other than 12.  If this check passes, all ioctls
135described as 'basic' will be available.
136
137
1384.2 KVM_CREATE_VM
139-----------------
140
141:Capability: basic
142:Architectures: all
143:Type: system ioctl
144:Parameters: machine type identifier (KVM_VM_*)
145:Returns: a VM fd that can be used to control the new virtual machine.
146
147The new VM has no virtual cpus and no memory.
148You probably want to use 0 as machine type.
149
150In order to create user controlled virtual machines on S390, check
151KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL and use the flag KVM_VM_S390_UCONTROL as
152privileged user (CAP_SYS_ADMIN).
153
154To use hardware assisted virtualization on MIPS (VZ ASE) rather than
155the default trap & emulate implementation (which changes the virtual
156memory layout to fit in user mode), check KVM_CAP_MIPS_VZ and use the
157flag KVM_VM_MIPS_VZ.
158
159
160On arm64, the physical address size for a VM (IPA Size limit) is limited
161to 40bits by default. The limit can be configured if the host supports the
162extension KVM_CAP_ARM_VM_IPA_SIZE. When supported, use
163KVM_VM_TYPE_ARM_IPA_SIZE(IPA_Bits) to set the size in the machine type
164identifier, where IPA_Bits is the maximum width of any physical
165address used by the VM. The IPA_Bits is encoded in bits[7-0] of the
166machine type identifier.
167
168e.g, to configure a guest to use 48bit physical address size::
169
170    vm_fd = ioctl(dev_fd, KVM_CREATE_VM, KVM_VM_TYPE_ARM_IPA_SIZE(48));
171
172The requested size (IPA_Bits) must be:
173
174 ==   =========================================================
175  0   Implies default size, 40bits (for backward compatibility)
176  N   Implies N bits, where N is a positive integer such that,
177      32 <= N <= Host_IPA_Limit
178 ==   =========================================================
179
180Host_IPA_Limit is the maximum possible value for IPA_Bits on the host and
181is dependent on the CPU capability and the kernel configuration. The limit can
182be retrieved using KVM_CAP_ARM_VM_IPA_SIZE of the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION
183ioctl() at run-time.
184
185Please note that configuring the IPA size does not affect the capability
186exposed by the guest CPUs in ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1[PARange]. It only affects
187size of the address translated by the stage2 level (guest physical to
188host physical address translations).
189
190
1914.3 KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST, KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST
192----------------------------------------------------------
193
194:Capability: basic, KVM_CAP_GET_MSR_FEATURES for KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST
195:Architectures: x86
196:Type: system ioctl
197:Parameters: struct kvm_msr_list (in/out)
198:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
199
200Errors:
201
202  ======     ============================================================
203  EFAULT     the msr index list cannot be read from or written to
204  E2BIG      the msr index list is to be to fit in the array specified by
205             the user.
206  ======     ============================================================
207
208::
209
210  struct kvm_msr_list {
211	__u32 nmsrs; /* number of msrs in entries */
212	__u32 indices[0];
213  };
214
215The user fills in the size of the indices array in nmsrs, and in return
216kvm adjusts nmsrs to reflect the actual number of msrs and fills in the
217indices array with their numbers.
218
219KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST returns the guest msrs that are supported.  The list
220varies by kvm version and host processor, but does not change otherwise.
221
222Note: if kvm indicates supports MCE (KVM_CAP_MCE), then the MCE bank MSRs are
223not returned in the MSR list, as different vcpus can have a different number
224of banks, as set via the KVM_X86_SETUP_MCE ioctl.
225
226KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST returns the list of MSRs that can be passed
227to the KVM_GET_MSRS system ioctl.  This lets userspace probe host capabilities
228and processor features that are exposed via MSRs (e.g., VMX capabilities).
229This list also varies by kvm version and host processor, but does not change
230otherwise.
231
232
2334.4 KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION
234-----------------------
235
236:Capability: basic, KVM_CAP_CHECK_EXTENSION_VM for vm ioctl
237:Architectures: all
238:Type: system ioctl, vm ioctl
239:Parameters: extension identifier (KVM_CAP_*)
240:Returns: 0 if unsupported; 1 (or some other positive integer) if supported
241
242The API allows the application to query about extensions to the core
243kvm API.  Userspace passes an extension identifier (an integer) and
244receives an integer that describes the extension availability.
245Generally 0 means no and 1 means yes, but some extensions may report
246additional information in the integer return value.
247
248Based on their initialization different VMs may have different capabilities.
249It is thus encouraged to use the vm ioctl to query for capabilities (available
250with KVM_CAP_CHECK_EXTENSION_VM on the vm fd)
251
2524.5 KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE
253--------------------------
254
255:Capability: basic
256:Architectures: all
257:Type: system ioctl
258:Parameters: none
259:Returns: size of vcpu mmap area, in bytes
260
261The KVM_RUN ioctl (cf.) communicates with userspace via a shared
262memory region.  This ioctl returns the size of that region.  See the
263KVM_RUN documentation for details.
264
265
2664.6 KVM_SET_MEMORY_REGION
267-------------------------
268
269:Capability: basic
270:Architectures: all
271:Type: vm ioctl
272:Parameters: struct kvm_memory_region (in)
273:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
274
275This ioctl is obsolete and has been removed.
276
277
2784.7 KVM_CREATE_VCPU
279-------------------
280
281:Capability: basic
282:Architectures: all
283:Type: vm ioctl
284:Parameters: vcpu id (apic id on x86)
285:Returns: vcpu fd on success, -1 on error
286
287This API adds a vcpu to a virtual machine. No more than max_vcpus may be added.
288The vcpu id is an integer in the range [0, max_vcpu_id).
289
290The recommended max_vcpus value can be retrieved using the KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS of
291the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl() at run-time.
292The maximum possible value for max_vcpus can be retrieved using the
293KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS of the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl() at run-time.
294
295If the KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS does not exist, you should assume that max_vcpus is 4
296cpus max.
297If the KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS does not exist, you should assume that max_vcpus is
298same as the value returned from KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS.
299
300The maximum possible value for max_vcpu_id can be retrieved using the
301KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID of the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl() at run-time.
302
303If the KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID does not exist, you should assume that max_vcpu_id
304is the same as the value returned from KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS.
305
306On powerpc using book3s_hv mode, the vcpus are mapped onto virtual
307threads in one or more virtual CPU cores.  (This is because the
308hardware requires all the hardware threads in a CPU core to be in the
309same partition.)  The KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT capability indicates the number
310of vcpus per virtual core (vcore).  The vcore id is obtained by
311dividing the vcpu id by the number of vcpus per vcore.  The vcpus in a
312given vcore will always be in the same physical core as each other
313(though that might be a different physical core from time to time).
314Userspace can control the threading (SMT) mode of the guest by its
315allocation of vcpu ids.  For example, if userspace wants
316single-threaded guest vcpus, it should make all vcpu ids be a multiple
317of the number of vcpus per vcore.
318
319For virtual cpus that have been created with S390 user controlled virtual
320machines, the resulting vcpu fd can be memory mapped at page offset
321KVM_S390_SIE_PAGE_OFFSET in order to obtain a memory map of the virtual
322cpu's hardware control block.
323
324
3254.8 KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG (vm ioctl)
326--------------------------------
327
328:Capability: basic
329:Architectures: all
330:Type: vm ioctl
331:Parameters: struct kvm_dirty_log (in/out)
332:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
333
334::
335
336  /* for KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG */
337  struct kvm_dirty_log {
338	__u32 slot;
339	__u32 padding;
340	union {
341		void __user *dirty_bitmap; /* one bit per page */
342		__u64 padding;
343	};
344  };
345
346Given a memory slot, return a bitmap containing any pages dirtied
347since the last call to this ioctl.  Bit 0 is the first page in the
348memory slot.  Ensure the entire structure is cleared to avoid padding
349issues.
350
351If KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE is available, bits 16-31 specifies
352the address space for which you want to return the dirty bitmap.
353They must be less than the value that KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION returns for
354the KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE capability.
355
356The bits in the dirty bitmap are cleared before the ioctl returns, unless
357KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 is enabled.  For more information,
358see the description of the capability.
359
3604.9 KVM_SET_MEMORY_ALIAS
361------------------------
362
363:Capability: basic
364:Architectures: x86
365:Type: vm ioctl
366:Parameters: struct kvm_memory_alias (in)
367:Returns: 0 (success), -1 (error)
368
369This ioctl is obsolete and has been removed.
370
371
3724.10 KVM_RUN
373------------
374
375:Capability: basic
376:Architectures: all
377:Type: vcpu ioctl
378:Parameters: none
379:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
380
381Errors:
382
383  =====      =============================
384  EINTR      an unmasked signal is pending
385  =====      =============================
386
387This ioctl is used to run a guest virtual cpu.  While there are no
388explicit parameters, there is an implicit parameter block that can be
389obtained by mmap()ing the vcpu fd at offset 0, with the size given by
390KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE.  The parameter block is formatted as a 'struct
391kvm_run' (see below).
392
393
3944.11 KVM_GET_REGS
395-----------------
396
397:Capability: basic
398:Architectures: all except ARM, arm64
399:Type: vcpu ioctl
400:Parameters: struct kvm_regs (out)
401:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
402
403Reads the general purpose registers from the vcpu.
404
405::
406
407  /* x86 */
408  struct kvm_regs {
409	/* out (KVM_GET_REGS) / in (KVM_SET_REGS) */
410	__u64 rax, rbx, rcx, rdx;
411	__u64 rsi, rdi, rsp, rbp;
412	__u64 r8,  r9,  r10, r11;
413	__u64 r12, r13, r14, r15;
414	__u64 rip, rflags;
415  };
416
417  /* mips */
418  struct kvm_regs {
419	/* out (KVM_GET_REGS) / in (KVM_SET_REGS) */
420	__u64 gpr[32];
421	__u64 hi;
422	__u64 lo;
423	__u64 pc;
424  };
425
426
4274.12 KVM_SET_REGS
428-----------------
429
430:Capability: basic
431:Architectures: all except ARM, arm64
432:Type: vcpu ioctl
433:Parameters: struct kvm_regs (in)
434:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
435
436Writes the general purpose registers into the vcpu.
437
438See KVM_GET_REGS for the data structure.
439
440
4414.13 KVM_GET_SREGS
442------------------
443
444:Capability: basic
445:Architectures: x86, ppc
446:Type: vcpu ioctl
447:Parameters: struct kvm_sregs (out)
448:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
449
450Reads special registers from the vcpu.
451
452::
453
454  /* x86 */
455  struct kvm_sregs {
456	struct kvm_segment cs, ds, es, fs, gs, ss;
457	struct kvm_segment tr, ldt;
458	struct kvm_dtable gdt, idt;
459	__u64 cr0, cr2, cr3, cr4, cr8;
460	__u64 efer;
461	__u64 apic_base;
462	__u64 interrupt_bitmap[(KVM_NR_INTERRUPTS + 63) / 64];
463  };
464
465  /* ppc -- see arch/powerpc/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h */
466
467interrupt_bitmap is a bitmap of pending external interrupts.  At most
468one bit may be set.  This interrupt has been acknowledged by the APIC
469but not yet injected into the cpu core.
470
471
4724.14 KVM_SET_SREGS
473------------------
474
475:Capability: basic
476:Architectures: x86, ppc
477:Type: vcpu ioctl
478:Parameters: struct kvm_sregs (in)
479:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
480
481Writes special registers into the vcpu.  See KVM_GET_SREGS for the
482data structures.
483
484
4854.15 KVM_TRANSLATE
486------------------
487
488:Capability: basic
489:Architectures: x86
490:Type: vcpu ioctl
491:Parameters: struct kvm_translation (in/out)
492:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
493
494Translates a virtual address according to the vcpu's current address
495translation mode.
496
497::
498
499  struct kvm_translation {
500	/* in */
501	__u64 linear_address;
502
503	/* out */
504	__u64 physical_address;
505	__u8  valid;
506	__u8  writeable;
507	__u8  usermode;
508	__u8  pad[5];
509  };
510
511
5124.16 KVM_INTERRUPT
513------------------
514
515:Capability: basic
516:Architectures: x86, ppc, mips
517:Type: vcpu ioctl
518:Parameters: struct kvm_interrupt (in)
519:Returns: 0 on success, negative on failure.
520
521Queues a hardware interrupt vector to be injected.
522
523::
524
525  /* for KVM_INTERRUPT */
526  struct kvm_interrupt {
527	/* in */
528	__u32 irq;
529  };
530
531X86:
532^^^^
533
534:Returns:
535
536	========= ===================================
537	  0       on success,
538	 -EEXIST  if an interrupt is already enqueued
539	 -EINVAL  the irq number is invalid
540	 -ENXIO   if the PIC is in the kernel
541	 -EFAULT  if the pointer is invalid
542	========= ===================================
543
544Note 'irq' is an interrupt vector, not an interrupt pin or line. This
545ioctl is useful if the in-kernel PIC is not used.
546
547PPC:
548^^^^
549
550Queues an external interrupt to be injected. This ioctl is overleaded
551with 3 different irq values:
552
553a) KVM_INTERRUPT_SET
554
555   This injects an edge type external interrupt into the guest once it's ready
556   to receive interrupts. When injected, the interrupt is done.
557
558b) KVM_INTERRUPT_UNSET
559
560   This unsets any pending interrupt.
561
562   Only available with KVM_CAP_PPC_UNSET_IRQ.
563
564c) KVM_INTERRUPT_SET_LEVEL
565
566   This injects a level type external interrupt into the guest context. The
567   interrupt stays pending until a specific ioctl with KVM_INTERRUPT_UNSET
568   is triggered.
569
570   Only available with KVM_CAP_PPC_IRQ_LEVEL.
571
572Note that any value for 'irq' other than the ones stated above is invalid
573and incurs unexpected behavior.
574
575This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
576
577MIPS:
578^^^^^
579
580Queues an external interrupt to be injected into the virtual CPU. A negative
581interrupt number dequeues the interrupt.
582
583This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
584
585
5864.17 KVM_DEBUG_GUEST
587--------------------
588
589:Capability: basic
590:Architectures: none
591:Type: vcpu ioctl
592:Parameters: none)
593:Returns: -1 on error
594
595Support for this has been removed.  Use KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG instead.
596
597
5984.18 KVM_GET_MSRS
599-----------------
600
601:Capability: basic (vcpu), KVM_CAP_GET_MSR_FEATURES (system)
602:Architectures: x86
603:Type: system ioctl, vcpu ioctl
604:Parameters: struct kvm_msrs (in/out)
605:Returns: number of msrs successfully returned;
606          -1 on error
607
608When used as a system ioctl:
609Reads the values of MSR-based features that are available for the VM.  This
610is similar to KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID, but it returns MSR indices and values.
611The list of msr-based features can be obtained using KVM_GET_MSR_FEATURE_INDEX_LIST
612in a system ioctl.
613
614When used as a vcpu ioctl:
615Reads model-specific registers from the vcpu.  Supported msr indices can
616be obtained using KVM_GET_MSR_INDEX_LIST in a system ioctl.
617
618::
619
620  struct kvm_msrs {
621	__u32 nmsrs; /* number of msrs in entries */
622	__u32 pad;
623
624	struct kvm_msr_entry entries[0];
625  };
626
627  struct kvm_msr_entry {
628	__u32 index;
629	__u32 reserved;
630	__u64 data;
631  };
632
633Application code should set the 'nmsrs' member (which indicates the
634size of the entries array) and the 'index' member of each array entry.
635kvm will fill in the 'data' member.
636
637
6384.19 KVM_SET_MSRS
639-----------------
640
641:Capability: basic
642:Architectures: x86
643:Type: vcpu ioctl
644:Parameters: struct kvm_msrs (in)
645:Returns: number of msrs successfully set (see below), -1 on error
646
647Writes model-specific registers to the vcpu.  See KVM_GET_MSRS for the
648data structures.
649
650Application code should set the 'nmsrs' member (which indicates the
651size of the entries array), and the 'index' and 'data' members of each
652array entry.
653
654It tries to set the MSRs in array entries[] one by one. If setting an MSR
655fails, e.g., due to setting reserved bits, the MSR isn't supported/emulated
656by KVM, etc..., it stops processing the MSR list and returns the number of
657MSRs that have been set successfully.
658
659
6604.20 KVM_SET_CPUID
661------------------
662
663:Capability: basic
664:Architectures: x86
665:Type: vcpu ioctl
666:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid (in)
667:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
668
669Defines the vcpu responses to the cpuid instruction.  Applications
670should use the KVM_SET_CPUID2 ioctl if available.
671
672Note, when this IOCTL fails, KVM gives no guarantees that previous valid CPUID
673configuration (if there is) is not corrupted. Userspace can get a copy of the
674resulting CPUID configuration through KVM_GET_CPUID2 in case.
675
676::
677
678  struct kvm_cpuid_entry {
679	__u32 function;
680	__u32 eax;
681	__u32 ebx;
682	__u32 ecx;
683	__u32 edx;
684	__u32 padding;
685  };
686
687  /* for KVM_SET_CPUID */
688  struct kvm_cpuid {
689	__u32 nent;
690	__u32 padding;
691	struct kvm_cpuid_entry entries[0];
692  };
693
694
6954.21 KVM_SET_SIGNAL_MASK
696------------------------
697
698:Capability: basic
699:Architectures: all
700:Type: vcpu ioctl
701:Parameters: struct kvm_signal_mask (in)
702:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
703
704Defines which signals are blocked during execution of KVM_RUN.  This
705signal mask temporarily overrides the threads signal mask.  Any
706unblocked signal received (except SIGKILL and SIGSTOP, which retain
707their traditional behaviour) will cause KVM_RUN to return with -EINTR.
708
709Note the signal will only be delivered if not blocked by the original
710signal mask.
711
712::
713
714  /* for KVM_SET_SIGNAL_MASK */
715  struct kvm_signal_mask {
716	__u32 len;
717	__u8  sigset[0];
718  };
719
720
7214.22 KVM_GET_FPU
722----------------
723
724:Capability: basic
725:Architectures: x86
726:Type: vcpu ioctl
727:Parameters: struct kvm_fpu (out)
728:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
729
730Reads the floating point state from the vcpu.
731
732::
733
734  /* for KVM_GET_FPU and KVM_SET_FPU */
735  struct kvm_fpu {
736	__u8  fpr[8][16];
737	__u16 fcw;
738	__u16 fsw;
739	__u8  ftwx;  /* in fxsave format */
740	__u8  pad1;
741	__u16 last_opcode;
742	__u64 last_ip;
743	__u64 last_dp;
744	__u8  xmm[16][16];
745	__u32 mxcsr;
746	__u32 pad2;
747  };
748
749
7504.23 KVM_SET_FPU
751----------------
752
753:Capability: basic
754:Architectures: x86
755:Type: vcpu ioctl
756:Parameters: struct kvm_fpu (in)
757:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
758
759Writes the floating point state to the vcpu.
760
761::
762
763  /* for KVM_GET_FPU and KVM_SET_FPU */
764  struct kvm_fpu {
765	__u8  fpr[8][16];
766	__u16 fcw;
767	__u16 fsw;
768	__u8  ftwx;  /* in fxsave format */
769	__u8  pad1;
770	__u16 last_opcode;
771	__u64 last_ip;
772	__u64 last_dp;
773	__u8  xmm[16][16];
774	__u32 mxcsr;
775	__u32 pad2;
776  };
777
778
7794.24 KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP
780-----------------------
781
782:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP, KVM_CAP_S390_IRQCHIP (s390)
783:Architectures: x86, ARM, arm64, s390
784:Type: vm ioctl
785:Parameters: none
786:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
787
788Creates an interrupt controller model in the kernel.
789On x86, creates a virtual ioapic, a virtual PIC (two PICs, nested), and sets up
790future vcpus to have a local APIC.  IRQ routing for GSIs 0-15 is set to both
791PIC and IOAPIC; GSI 16-23 only go to the IOAPIC.
792On ARM/arm64, a GICv2 is created. Any other GIC versions require the usage of
793KVM_CREATE_DEVICE, which also supports creating a GICv2.  Using
794KVM_CREATE_DEVICE is preferred over KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP for GICv2.
795On s390, a dummy irq routing table is created.
796
797Note that on s390 the KVM_CAP_S390_IRQCHIP vm capability needs to be enabled
798before KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP can be used.
799
800
8014.25 KVM_IRQ_LINE
802-----------------
803
804:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
805:Architectures: x86, arm, arm64
806:Type: vm ioctl
807:Parameters: struct kvm_irq_level
808:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
809
810Sets the level of a GSI input to the interrupt controller model in the kernel.
811On some architectures it is required that an interrupt controller model has
812been previously created with KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP.  Note that edge-triggered
813interrupts require the level to be set to 1 and then back to 0.
814
815On real hardware, interrupt pins can be active-low or active-high.  This
816does not matter for the level field of struct kvm_irq_level: 1 always
817means active (asserted), 0 means inactive (deasserted).
818
819x86 allows the operating system to program the interrupt polarity
820(active-low/active-high) for level-triggered interrupts, and KVM used
821to consider the polarity.  However, due to bitrot in the handling of
822active-low interrupts, the above convention is now valid on x86 too.
823This is signaled by KVM_CAP_X86_IOAPIC_POLARITY_IGNORED.  Userspace
824should not present interrupts to the guest as active-low unless this
825capability is present (or unless it is not using the in-kernel irqchip,
826of course).
827
828
829ARM/arm64 can signal an interrupt either at the CPU level, or at the
830in-kernel irqchip (GIC), and for in-kernel irqchip can tell the GIC to
831use PPIs designated for specific cpus.  The irq field is interpreted
832like this::
833
834  bits:  |  31 ... 28  | 27 ... 24 | 23  ... 16 | 15 ... 0 |
835  field: | vcpu2_index | irq_type  | vcpu_index |  irq_id  |
836
837The irq_type field has the following values:
838
839- irq_type[0]:
840	       out-of-kernel GIC: irq_id 0 is IRQ, irq_id 1 is FIQ
841- irq_type[1]:
842	       in-kernel GIC: SPI, irq_id between 32 and 1019 (incl.)
843               (the vcpu_index field is ignored)
844- irq_type[2]:
845	       in-kernel GIC: PPI, irq_id between 16 and 31 (incl.)
846
847(The irq_id field thus corresponds nicely to the IRQ ID in the ARM GIC specs)
848
849In both cases, level is used to assert/deassert the line.
850
851When KVM_CAP_ARM_IRQ_LINE_LAYOUT_2 is supported, the target vcpu is
852identified as (256 * vcpu2_index + vcpu_index). Otherwise, vcpu2_index
853must be zero.
854
855Note that on arm/arm64, the KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP capability only conditions
856injection of interrupts for the in-kernel irqchip. KVM_IRQ_LINE can always
857be used for a userspace interrupt controller.
858
859::
860
861  struct kvm_irq_level {
862	union {
863		__u32 irq;     /* GSI */
864		__s32 status;  /* not used for KVM_IRQ_LEVEL */
865	};
866	__u32 level;           /* 0 or 1 */
867  };
868
869
8704.26 KVM_GET_IRQCHIP
871--------------------
872
873:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
874:Architectures: x86
875:Type: vm ioctl
876:Parameters: struct kvm_irqchip (in/out)
877:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
878
879Reads the state of a kernel interrupt controller created with
880KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP into a buffer provided by the caller.
881
882::
883
884  struct kvm_irqchip {
885	__u32 chip_id;  /* 0 = PIC1, 1 = PIC2, 2 = IOAPIC */
886	__u32 pad;
887        union {
888		char dummy[512];  /* reserving space */
889		struct kvm_pic_state pic;
890		struct kvm_ioapic_state ioapic;
891	} chip;
892  };
893
894
8954.27 KVM_SET_IRQCHIP
896--------------------
897
898:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
899:Architectures: x86
900:Type: vm ioctl
901:Parameters: struct kvm_irqchip (in)
902:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
903
904Sets the state of a kernel interrupt controller created with
905KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP from a buffer provided by the caller.
906
907::
908
909  struct kvm_irqchip {
910	__u32 chip_id;  /* 0 = PIC1, 1 = PIC2, 2 = IOAPIC */
911	__u32 pad;
912        union {
913		char dummy[512];  /* reserving space */
914		struct kvm_pic_state pic;
915		struct kvm_ioapic_state ioapic;
916	} chip;
917  };
918
919
9204.28 KVM_XEN_HVM_CONFIG
921-----------------------
922
923:Capability: KVM_CAP_XEN_HVM
924:Architectures: x86
925:Type: vm ioctl
926:Parameters: struct kvm_xen_hvm_config (in)
927:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
928
929Sets the MSR that the Xen HVM guest uses to initialize its hypercall
930page, and provides the starting address and size of the hypercall
931blobs in userspace.  When the guest writes the MSR, kvm copies one
932page of a blob (32- or 64-bit, depending on the vcpu mode) to guest
933memory.
934
935::
936
937  struct kvm_xen_hvm_config {
938	__u32 flags;
939	__u32 msr;
940	__u64 blob_addr_32;
941	__u64 blob_addr_64;
942	__u8 blob_size_32;
943	__u8 blob_size_64;
944	__u8 pad2[30];
945  };
946
947
9484.29 KVM_GET_CLOCK
949------------------
950
951:Capability: KVM_CAP_ADJUST_CLOCK
952:Architectures: x86
953:Type: vm ioctl
954:Parameters: struct kvm_clock_data (out)
955:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
956
957Gets the current timestamp of kvmclock as seen by the current guest. In
958conjunction with KVM_SET_CLOCK, it is used to ensure monotonicity on scenarios
959such as migration.
960
961When KVM_CAP_ADJUST_CLOCK is passed to KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION, it returns the
962set of bits that KVM can return in struct kvm_clock_data's flag member.
963
964The only flag defined now is KVM_CLOCK_TSC_STABLE.  If set, the returned
965value is the exact kvmclock value seen by all VCPUs at the instant
966when KVM_GET_CLOCK was called.  If clear, the returned value is simply
967CLOCK_MONOTONIC plus a constant offset; the offset can be modified
968with KVM_SET_CLOCK.  KVM will try to make all VCPUs follow this clock,
969but the exact value read by each VCPU could differ, because the host
970TSC is not stable.
971
972::
973
974  struct kvm_clock_data {
975	__u64 clock;  /* kvmclock current value */
976	__u32 flags;
977	__u32 pad[9];
978  };
979
980
9814.30 KVM_SET_CLOCK
982------------------
983
984:Capability: KVM_CAP_ADJUST_CLOCK
985:Architectures: x86
986:Type: vm ioctl
987:Parameters: struct kvm_clock_data (in)
988:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
989
990Sets the current timestamp of kvmclock to the value specified in its parameter.
991In conjunction with KVM_GET_CLOCK, it is used to ensure monotonicity on scenarios
992such as migration.
993
994::
995
996  struct kvm_clock_data {
997	__u64 clock;  /* kvmclock current value */
998	__u32 flags;
999	__u32 pad[9];
1000  };
1001
1002
10034.31 KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS
1004------------------------
1005
1006:Capability: KVM_CAP_VCPU_EVENTS
1007:Extended by: KVM_CAP_INTR_SHADOW
1008:Architectures: x86, arm, arm64
1009:Type: vcpu ioctl
1010:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_event (out)
1011:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1012
1013X86:
1014^^^^
1015
1016Gets currently pending exceptions, interrupts, and NMIs as well as related
1017states of the vcpu.
1018
1019::
1020
1021  struct kvm_vcpu_events {
1022	struct {
1023		__u8 injected;
1024		__u8 nr;
1025		__u8 has_error_code;
1026		__u8 pending;
1027		__u32 error_code;
1028	} exception;
1029	struct {
1030		__u8 injected;
1031		__u8 nr;
1032		__u8 soft;
1033		__u8 shadow;
1034	} interrupt;
1035	struct {
1036		__u8 injected;
1037		__u8 pending;
1038		__u8 masked;
1039		__u8 pad;
1040	} nmi;
1041	__u32 sipi_vector;
1042	__u32 flags;
1043	struct {
1044		__u8 smm;
1045		__u8 pending;
1046		__u8 smm_inside_nmi;
1047		__u8 latched_init;
1048	} smi;
1049	__u8 reserved[27];
1050	__u8 exception_has_payload;
1051	__u64 exception_payload;
1052  };
1053
1054The following bits are defined in the flags field:
1055
1056- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SHADOW may be set to signal that
1057  interrupt.shadow contains a valid state.
1058
1059- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SMM may be set to signal that smi contains a
1060  valid state.
1061
1062- KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_PAYLOAD may be set to signal that the
1063  exception_has_payload, exception_payload, and exception.pending
1064  fields contain a valid state. This bit will be set whenever
1065  KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD is enabled.
1066
1067ARM/ARM64:
1068^^^^^^^^^^
1069
1070If the guest accesses a device that is being emulated by the host kernel in
1071such a way that a real device would generate a physical SError, KVM may make
1072a virtual SError pending for that VCPU. This system error interrupt remains
1073pending until the guest takes the exception by unmasking PSTATE.A.
1074
1075Running the VCPU may cause it to take a pending SError, or make an access that
1076causes an SError to become pending. The event's description is only valid while
1077the VPCU is not running.
1078
1079This API provides a way to read and write the pending 'event' state that is not
1080visible to the guest. To save, restore or migrate a VCPU the struct representing
1081the state can be read then written using this GET/SET API, along with the other
1082guest-visible registers. It is not possible to 'cancel' an SError that has been
1083made pending.
1084
1085A device being emulated in user-space may also wish to generate an SError. To do
1086this the events structure can be populated by user-space. The current state
1087should be read first, to ensure no existing SError is pending. If an existing
1088SError is pending, the architecture's 'Multiple SError interrupts' rules should
1089be followed. (2.5.3 of DDI0587.a "ARM Reliability, Availability, and
1090Serviceability (RAS) Specification").
1091
1092SError exceptions always have an ESR value. Some CPUs have the ability to
1093specify what the virtual SError's ESR value should be. These systems will
1094advertise KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_SERROR_ESR. In this case exception.has_esr will
1095always have a non-zero value when read, and the agent making an SError pending
1096should specify the ISS field in the lower 24 bits of exception.serror_esr. If
1097the system supports KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_SERROR_ESR, but user-space sets the events
1098with exception.has_esr as zero, KVM will choose an ESR.
1099
1100Specifying exception.has_esr on a system that does not support it will return
1101-EINVAL. Setting anything other than the lower 24bits of exception.serror_esr
1102will return -EINVAL.
1103
1104It is not possible to read back a pending external abort (injected via
1105KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS or otherwise) because such an exception is always delivered
1106directly to the virtual CPU).
1107
1108::
1109
1110  struct kvm_vcpu_events {
1111	struct {
1112		__u8 serror_pending;
1113		__u8 serror_has_esr;
1114		__u8 ext_dabt_pending;
1115		/* Align it to 8 bytes */
1116		__u8 pad[5];
1117		__u64 serror_esr;
1118	} exception;
1119	__u32 reserved[12];
1120  };
1121
11224.32 KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS
1123------------------------
1124
1125:Capability: KVM_CAP_VCPU_EVENTS
1126:Extended by: KVM_CAP_INTR_SHADOW
1127:Architectures: x86, arm, arm64
1128:Type: vcpu ioctl
1129:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_event (in)
1130:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1131
1132X86:
1133^^^^
1134
1135Set pending exceptions, interrupts, and NMIs as well as related states of the
1136vcpu.
1137
1138See KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS for the data structure.
1139
1140Fields that may be modified asynchronously by running VCPUs can be excluded
1141from the update. These fields are nmi.pending, sipi_vector, smi.smm,
1142smi.pending. Keep the corresponding bits in the flags field cleared to
1143suppress overwriting the current in-kernel state. The bits are:
1144
1145===============================  ==================================
1146KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_NMI_PENDING  transfer nmi.pending to the kernel
1147KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SIPI_VECTOR  transfer sipi_vector
1148KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SMM          transfer the smi sub-struct.
1149===============================  ==================================
1150
1151If KVM_CAP_INTR_SHADOW is available, KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SHADOW can be set in
1152the flags field to signal that interrupt.shadow contains a valid state and
1153shall be written into the VCPU.
1154
1155KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_SMM can only be set if KVM_CAP_X86_SMM is available.
1156
1157If KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD is enabled, KVM_VCPUEVENT_VALID_PAYLOAD
1158can be set in the flags field to signal that the
1159exception_has_payload, exception_payload, and exception.pending fields
1160contain a valid state and shall be written into the VCPU.
1161
1162ARM/ARM64:
1163^^^^^^^^^^
1164
1165User space may need to inject several types of events to the guest.
1166
1167Set the pending SError exception state for this VCPU. It is not possible to
1168'cancel' an Serror that has been made pending.
1169
1170If the guest performed an access to I/O memory which could not be handled by
1171userspace, for example because of missing instruction syndrome decode
1172information or because there is no device mapped at the accessed IPA, then
1173userspace can ask the kernel to inject an external abort using the address
1174from the exiting fault on the VCPU. It is a programming error to set
1175ext_dabt_pending after an exit which was not either KVM_EXIT_MMIO or
1176KVM_EXIT_ARM_NISV. This feature is only available if the system supports
1177KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_EXT_DABT. This is a helper which provides commonality in
1178how userspace reports accesses for the above cases to guests, across different
1179userspace implementations. Nevertheless, userspace can still emulate all Arm
1180exceptions by manipulating individual registers using the KVM_SET_ONE_REG API.
1181
1182See KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS for the data structure.
1183
1184
11854.33 KVM_GET_DEBUGREGS
1186----------------------
1187
1188:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEBUGREGS
1189:Architectures: x86
1190:Type: vm ioctl
1191:Parameters: struct kvm_debugregs (out)
1192:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1193
1194Reads debug registers from the vcpu.
1195
1196::
1197
1198  struct kvm_debugregs {
1199	__u64 db[4];
1200	__u64 dr6;
1201	__u64 dr7;
1202	__u64 flags;
1203	__u64 reserved[9];
1204  };
1205
1206
12074.34 KVM_SET_DEBUGREGS
1208----------------------
1209
1210:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEBUGREGS
1211:Architectures: x86
1212:Type: vm ioctl
1213:Parameters: struct kvm_debugregs (in)
1214:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1215
1216Writes debug registers into the vcpu.
1217
1218See KVM_GET_DEBUGREGS for the data structure. The flags field is unused
1219yet and must be cleared on entry.
1220
1221
12224.35 KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION
1223-------------------------------
1224
1225:Capability: KVM_CAP_USER_MEMORY
1226:Architectures: all
1227:Type: vm ioctl
1228:Parameters: struct kvm_userspace_memory_region (in)
1229:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1230
1231::
1232
1233  struct kvm_userspace_memory_region {
1234	__u32 slot;
1235	__u32 flags;
1236	__u64 guest_phys_addr;
1237	__u64 memory_size; /* bytes */
1238	__u64 userspace_addr; /* start of the userspace allocated memory */
1239  };
1240
1241  /* for kvm_memory_region::flags */
1242  #define KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES	(1UL << 0)
1243  #define KVM_MEM_READONLY	(1UL << 1)
1244
1245This ioctl allows the user to create, modify or delete a guest physical
1246memory slot.  Bits 0-15 of "slot" specify the slot id and this value
1247should be less than the maximum number of user memory slots supported per
1248VM.  The maximum allowed slots can be queried using KVM_CAP_NR_MEMSLOTS.
1249Slots may not overlap in guest physical address space.
1250
1251If KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE is available, bits 16-31 of "slot"
1252specifies the address space which is being modified.  They must be
1253less than the value that KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION returns for the
1254KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE capability.  Slots in separate address spaces
1255are unrelated; the restriction on overlapping slots only applies within
1256each address space.
1257
1258Deleting a slot is done by passing zero for memory_size.  When changing
1259an existing slot, it may be moved in the guest physical memory space,
1260or its flags may be modified, but it may not be resized.
1261
1262Memory for the region is taken starting at the address denoted by the
1263field userspace_addr, which must point at user addressable memory for
1264the entire memory slot size.  Any object may back this memory, including
1265anonymous memory, ordinary files, and hugetlbfs.
1266
1267It is recommended that the lower 21 bits of guest_phys_addr and userspace_addr
1268be identical.  This allows large pages in the guest to be backed by large
1269pages in the host.
1270
1271The flags field supports two flags: KVM_MEM_LOG_DIRTY_PAGES and
1272KVM_MEM_READONLY.  The former can be set to instruct KVM to keep track of
1273writes to memory within the slot.  See KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG ioctl to know how to
1274use it.  The latter can be set, if KVM_CAP_READONLY_MEM capability allows it,
1275to make a new slot read-only.  In this case, writes to this memory will be
1276posted to userspace as KVM_EXIT_MMIO exits.
1277
1278When the KVM_CAP_SYNC_MMU capability is available, changes in the backing of
1279the memory region are automatically reflected into the guest.  For example, an
1280mmap() that affects the region will be made visible immediately.  Another
1281example is madvise(MADV_DROP).
1282
1283It is recommended to use this API instead of the KVM_SET_MEMORY_REGION ioctl.
1284The KVM_SET_MEMORY_REGION does not allow fine grained control over memory
1285allocation and is deprecated.
1286
1287
12884.36 KVM_SET_TSS_ADDR
1289---------------------
1290
1291:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_TSS_ADDR
1292:Architectures: x86
1293:Type: vm ioctl
1294:Parameters: unsigned long tss_address (in)
1295:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1296
1297This ioctl defines the physical address of a three-page region in the guest
1298physical address space.  The region must be within the first 4GB of the
1299guest physical address space and must not conflict with any memory slot
1300or any mmio address.  The guest may malfunction if it accesses this memory
1301region.
1302
1303This ioctl is required on Intel-based hosts.  This is needed on Intel hardware
1304because of a quirk in the virtualization implementation (see the internals
1305documentation when it pops into existence).
1306
1307
13084.37 KVM_ENABLE_CAP
1309-------------------
1310
1311:Capability: KVM_CAP_ENABLE_CAP
1312:Architectures: mips, ppc, s390
1313:Type: vcpu ioctl
1314:Parameters: struct kvm_enable_cap (in)
1315:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1316
1317:Capability: KVM_CAP_ENABLE_CAP_VM
1318:Architectures: all
1319:Type: vcpu ioctl
1320:Parameters: struct kvm_enable_cap (in)
1321:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1322
1323.. note::
1324
1325   Not all extensions are enabled by default. Using this ioctl the application
1326   can enable an extension, making it available to the guest.
1327
1328On systems that do not support this ioctl, it always fails. On systems that
1329do support it, it only works for extensions that are supported for enablement.
1330
1331To check if a capability can be enabled, the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl should
1332be used.
1333
1334::
1335
1336  struct kvm_enable_cap {
1337       /* in */
1338       __u32 cap;
1339
1340The capability that is supposed to get enabled.
1341
1342::
1343
1344       __u32 flags;
1345
1346A bitfield indicating future enhancements. Has to be 0 for now.
1347
1348::
1349
1350       __u64 args[4];
1351
1352Arguments for enabling a feature. If a feature needs initial values to
1353function properly, this is the place to put them.
1354
1355::
1356
1357       __u8  pad[64];
1358  };
1359
1360The vcpu ioctl should be used for vcpu-specific capabilities, the vm ioctl
1361for vm-wide capabilities.
1362
13634.38 KVM_GET_MP_STATE
1364---------------------
1365
1366:Capability: KVM_CAP_MP_STATE
1367:Architectures: x86, s390, arm, arm64
1368:Type: vcpu ioctl
1369:Parameters: struct kvm_mp_state (out)
1370:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1371
1372::
1373
1374  struct kvm_mp_state {
1375	__u32 mp_state;
1376  };
1377
1378Returns the vcpu's current "multiprocessing state" (though also valid on
1379uniprocessor guests).
1380
1381Possible values are:
1382
1383   ==========================    ===============================================
1384   KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE         the vcpu is currently running [x86,arm/arm64]
1385   KVM_MP_STATE_UNINITIALIZED    the vcpu is an application processor (AP)
1386                                 which has not yet received an INIT signal [x86]
1387   KVM_MP_STATE_INIT_RECEIVED    the vcpu has received an INIT signal, and is
1388                                 now ready for a SIPI [x86]
1389   KVM_MP_STATE_HALTED           the vcpu has executed a HLT instruction and
1390                                 is waiting for an interrupt [x86]
1391   KVM_MP_STATE_SIPI_RECEIVED    the vcpu has just received a SIPI (vector
1392                                 accessible via KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS) [x86]
1393   KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED          the vcpu is stopped [s390,arm/arm64]
1394   KVM_MP_STATE_CHECK_STOP       the vcpu is in a special error state [s390]
1395   KVM_MP_STATE_OPERATING        the vcpu is operating (running or halted)
1396                                 [s390]
1397   KVM_MP_STATE_LOAD             the vcpu is in a special load/startup state
1398                                 [s390]
1399   ==========================    ===============================================
1400
1401On x86, this ioctl is only useful after KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP. Without an
1402in-kernel irqchip, the multiprocessing state must be maintained by userspace on
1403these architectures.
1404
1405For arm/arm64:
1406^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
1407
1408The only states that are valid are KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED and
1409KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE which reflect if the vcpu is paused or not.
1410
14114.39 KVM_SET_MP_STATE
1412---------------------
1413
1414:Capability: KVM_CAP_MP_STATE
1415:Architectures: x86, s390, arm, arm64
1416:Type: vcpu ioctl
1417:Parameters: struct kvm_mp_state (in)
1418:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
1419
1420Sets the vcpu's current "multiprocessing state"; see KVM_GET_MP_STATE for
1421arguments.
1422
1423On x86, this ioctl is only useful after KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP. Without an
1424in-kernel irqchip, the multiprocessing state must be maintained by userspace on
1425these architectures.
1426
1427For arm/arm64:
1428^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
1429
1430The only states that are valid are KVM_MP_STATE_STOPPED and
1431KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE which reflect if the vcpu should be paused or not.
1432
14334.40 KVM_SET_IDENTITY_MAP_ADDR
1434------------------------------
1435
1436:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_IDENTITY_MAP_ADDR
1437:Architectures: x86
1438:Type: vm ioctl
1439:Parameters: unsigned long identity (in)
1440:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1441
1442This ioctl defines the physical address of a one-page region in the guest
1443physical address space.  The region must be within the first 4GB of the
1444guest physical address space and must not conflict with any memory slot
1445or any mmio address.  The guest may malfunction if it accesses this memory
1446region.
1447
1448Setting the address to 0 will result in resetting the address to its default
1449(0xfffbc000).
1450
1451This ioctl is required on Intel-based hosts.  This is needed on Intel hardware
1452because of a quirk in the virtualization implementation (see the internals
1453documentation when it pops into existence).
1454
1455Fails if any VCPU has already been created.
1456
14574.41 KVM_SET_BOOT_CPU_ID
1458------------------------
1459
1460:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_BOOT_CPU_ID
1461:Architectures: x86
1462:Type: vm ioctl
1463:Parameters: unsigned long vcpu_id
1464:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1465
1466Define which vcpu is the Bootstrap Processor (BSP).  Values are the same
1467as the vcpu id in KVM_CREATE_VCPU.  If this ioctl is not called, the default
1468is vcpu 0.
1469
1470
14714.42 KVM_GET_XSAVE
1472------------------
1473
1474:Capability: KVM_CAP_XSAVE
1475:Architectures: x86
1476:Type: vcpu ioctl
1477:Parameters: struct kvm_xsave (out)
1478:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1479
1480
1481::
1482
1483  struct kvm_xsave {
1484	__u32 region[1024];
1485  };
1486
1487This ioctl would copy current vcpu's xsave struct to the userspace.
1488
1489
14904.43 KVM_SET_XSAVE
1491------------------
1492
1493:Capability: KVM_CAP_XSAVE
1494:Architectures: x86
1495:Type: vcpu ioctl
1496:Parameters: struct kvm_xsave (in)
1497:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1498
1499::
1500
1501
1502  struct kvm_xsave {
1503	__u32 region[1024];
1504  };
1505
1506This ioctl would copy userspace's xsave struct to the kernel.
1507
1508
15094.44 KVM_GET_XCRS
1510-----------------
1511
1512:Capability: KVM_CAP_XCRS
1513:Architectures: x86
1514:Type: vcpu ioctl
1515:Parameters: struct kvm_xcrs (out)
1516:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1517
1518::
1519
1520  struct kvm_xcr {
1521	__u32 xcr;
1522	__u32 reserved;
1523	__u64 value;
1524  };
1525
1526  struct kvm_xcrs {
1527	__u32 nr_xcrs;
1528	__u32 flags;
1529	struct kvm_xcr xcrs[KVM_MAX_XCRS];
1530	__u64 padding[16];
1531  };
1532
1533This ioctl would copy current vcpu's xcrs to the userspace.
1534
1535
15364.45 KVM_SET_XCRS
1537-----------------
1538
1539:Capability: KVM_CAP_XCRS
1540:Architectures: x86
1541:Type: vcpu ioctl
1542:Parameters: struct kvm_xcrs (in)
1543:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1544
1545::
1546
1547  struct kvm_xcr {
1548	__u32 xcr;
1549	__u32 reserved;
1550	__u64 value;
1551  };
1552
1553  struct kvm_xcrs {
1554	__u32 nr_xcrs;
1555	__u32 flags;
1556	struct kvm_xcr xcrs[KVM_MAX_XCRS];
1557	__u64 padding[16];
1558  };
1559
1560This ioctl would set vcpu's xcr to the value userspace specified.
1561
1562
15634.46 KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID
1564----------------------------
1565
1566:Capability: KVM_CAP_EXT_CPUID
1567:Architectures: x86
1568:Type: system ioctl
1569:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid2 (in/out)
1570:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1571
1572::
1573
1574  struct kvm_cpuid2 {
1575	__u32 nent;
1576	__u32 padding;
1577	struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 entries[0];
1578  };
1579
1580  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX		BIT(0)
1581  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATEFUL_FUNC		BIT(1) /* deprecated */
1582  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATE_READ_NEXT		BIT(2) /* deprecated */
1583
1584  struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 {
1585	__u32 function;
1586	__u32 index;
1587	__u32 flags;
1588	__u32 eax;
1589	__u32 ebx;
1590	__u32 ecx;
1591	__u32 edx;
1592	__u32 padding[3];
1593  };
1594
1595This ioctl returns x86 cpuid features which are supported by both the
1596hardware and kvm in its default configuration.  Userspace can use the
1597information returned by this ioctl to construct cpuid information (for
1598KVM_SET_CPUID2) that is consistent with hardware, kernel, and
1599userspace capabilities, and with user requirements (for example, the
1600user may wish to constrain cpuid to emulate older hardware, or for
1601feature consistency across a cluster).
1602
1603Note that certain capabilities, such as KVM_CAP_X86_DISABLE_EXITS, may
1604expose cpuid features (e.g. MONITOR) which are not supported by kvm in
1605its default configuration. If userspace enables such capabilities, it
1606is responsible for modifying the results of this ioctl appropriately.
1607
1608Userspace invokes KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID by passing a kvm_cpuid2 structure
1609with the 'nent' field indicating the number of entries in the variable-size
1610array 'entries'.  If the number of entries is too low to describe the cpu
1611capabilities, an error (E2BIG) is returned.  If the number is too high,
1612the 'nent' field is adjusted and an error (ENOMEM) is returned.  If the
1613number is just right, the 'nent' field is adjusted to the number of valid
1614entries in the 'entries' array, which is then filled.
1615
1616The entries returned are the host cpuid as returned by the cpuid instruction,
1617with unknown or unsupported features masked out.  Some features (for example,
1618x2apic), may not be present in the host cpu, but are exposed by kvm if it can
1619emulate them efficiently. The fields in each entry are defined as follows:
1620
1621  function:
1622         the eax value used to obtain the entry
1623
1624  index:
1625         the ecx value used to obtain the entry (for entries that are
1626         affected by ecx)
1627
1628  flags:
1629     an OR of zero or more of the following:
1630
1631        KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX:
1632           if the index field is valid
1633
1634   eax, ebx, ecx, edx:
1635         the values returned by the cpuid instruction for
1636         this function/index combination
1637
1638The TSC deadline timer feature (CPUID leaf 1, ecx[24]) is always returned
1639as false, since the feature depends on KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP for local APIC
1640support.  Instead it is reported via::
1641
1642  ioctl(KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION, KVM_CAP_TSC_DEADLINE_TIMER)
1643
1644if that returns true and you use KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, or if you emulate the
1645feature in userspace, then you can enable the feature for KVM_SET_CPUID2.
1646
1647
16484.47 KVM_PPC_GET_PVINFO
1649-----------------------
1650
1651:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_GET_PVINFO
1652:Architectures: ppc
1653:Type: vm ioctl
1654:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_pvinfo (out)
1655:Returns: 0 on success, !0 on error
1656
1657::
1658
1659  struct kvm_ppc_pvinfo {
1660	__u32 flags;
1661	__u32 hcall[4];
1662	__u8  pad[108];
1663  };
1664
1665This ioctl fetches PV specific information that need to be passed to the guest
1666using the device tree or other means from vm context.
1667
1668The hcall array defines 4 instructions that make up a hypercall.
1669
1670If any additional field gets added to this structure later on, a bit for that
1671additional piece of information will be set in the flags bitmap.
1672
1673The flags bitmap is defined as::
1674
1675   /* the host supports the ePAPR idle hcall
1676   #define KVM_PPC_PVINFO_FLAGS_EV_IDLE   (1<<0)
1677
16784.52 KVM_SET_GSI_ROUTING
1679------------------------
1680
1681:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQ_ROUTING
1682:Architectures: x86 s390 arm arm64
1683:Type: vm ioctl
1684:Parameters: struct kvm_irq_routing (in)
1685:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1686
1687Sets the GSI routing table entries, overwriting any previously set entries.
1688
1689On arm/arm64, GSI routing has the following limitation:
1690
1691- GSI routing does not apply to KVM_IRQ_LINE but only to KVM_IRQFD.
1692
1693::
1694
1695  struct kvm_irq_routing {
1696	__u32 nr;
1697	__u32 flags;
1698	struct kvm_irq_routing_entry entries[0];
1699  };
1700
1701No flags are specified so far, the corresponding field must be set to zero.
1702
1703::
1704
1705  struct kvm_irq_routing_entry {
1706	__u32 gsi;
1707	__u32 type;
1708	__u32 flags;
1709	__u32 pad;
1710	union {
1711		struct kvm_irq_routing_irqchip irqchip;
1712		struct kvm_irq_routing_msi msi;
1713		struct kvm_irq_routing_s390_adapter adapter;
1714		struct kvm_irq_routing_hv_sint hv_sint;
1715		__u32 pad[8];
1716	} u;
1717  };
1718
1719  /* gsi routing entry types */
1720  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_IRQCHIP 1
1721  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI 2
1722  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_S390_ADAPTER 3
1723  #define KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_HV_SINT 4
1724
1725flags:
1726
1727- KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID: used along with KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI routing entry
1728  type, specifies that the devid field contains a valid value.  The per-VM
1729  KVM_CAP_MSI_DEVID capability advertises the requirement to provide
1730  the device ID.  If this capability is not available, userspace should
1731  never set the KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID flag as the ioctl might fail.
1732- zero otherwise
1733
1734::
1735
1736  struct kvm_irq_routing_irqchip {
1737	__u32 irqchip;
1738	__u32 pin;
1739  };
1740
1741  struct kvm_irq_routing_msi {
1742	__u32 address_lo;
1743	__u32 address_hi;
1744	__u32 data;
1745	union {
1746		__u32 pad;
1747		__u32 devid;
1748	};
1749  };
1750
1751If KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID is set, devid contains a unique device identifier
1752for the device that wrote the MSI message.  For PCI, this is usually a
1753BFD identifier in the lower 16 bits.
1754
1755On x86, address_hi is ignored unless the KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS
1756feature of KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API capability is enabled.  If it is enabled,
1757address_hi bits 31-8 provide bits 31-8 of the destination id.  Bits 7-0 of
1758address_hi must be zero.
1759
1760::
1761
1762  struct kvm_irq_routing_s390_adapter {
1763	__u64 ind_addr;
1764	__u64 summary_addr;
1765	__u64 ind_offset;
1766	__u32 summary_offset;
1767	__u32 adapter_id;
1768  };
1769
1770  struct kvm_irq_routing_hv_sint {
1771	__u32 vcpu;
1772	__u32 sint;
1773  };
1774
1775
17764.55 KVM_SET_TSC_KHZ
1777--------------------
1778
1779:Capability: KVM_CAP_TSC_CONTROL
1780:Architectures: x86
1781:Type: vcpu ioctl
1782:Parameters: virtual tsc_khz
1783:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1784
1785Specifies the tsc frequency for the virtual machine. The unit of the
1786frequency is KHz.
1787
1788
17894.56 KVM_GET_TSC_KHZ
1790--------------------
1791
1792:Capability: KVM_CAP_GET_TSC_KHZ
1793:Architectures: x86
1794:Type: vcpu ioctl
1795:Parameters: none
1796:Returns: virtual tsc-khz on success, negative value on error
1797
1798Returns the tsc frequency of the guest. The unit of the return value is
1799KHz. If the host has unstable tsc this ioctl returns -EIO instead as an
1800error.
1801
1802
18034.57 KVM_GET_LAPIC
1804------------------
1805
1806:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
1807:Architectures: x86
1808:Type: vcpu ioctl
1809:Parameters: struct kvm_lapic_state (out)
1810:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1811
1812::
1813
1814  #define KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE 0x400
1815  struct kvm_lapic_state {
1816	char regs[KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE];
1817  };
1818
1819Reads the Local APIC registers and copies them into the input argument.  The
1820data format and layout are the same as documented in the architecture manual.
1821
1822If KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS feature of KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API is
1823enabled, then the format of APIC_ID register depends on the APIC mode
1824(reported by MSR_IA32_APICBASE) of its VCPU.  x2APIC stores APIC ID in
1825the APIC_ID register (bytes 32-35).  xAPIC only allows an 8-bit APIC ID
1826which is stored in bits 31-24 of the APIC register, or equivalently in
1827byte 35 of struct kvm_lapic_state's regs field.  KVM_GET_LAPIC must then
1828be called after MSR_IA32_APICBASE has been set with KVM_SET_MSR.
1829
1830If KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS feature is disabled, struct kvm_lapic_state
1831always uses xAPIC format.
1832
1833
18344.58 KVM_SET_LAPIC
1835------------------
1836
1837:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQCHIP
1838:Architectures: x86
1839:Type: vcpu ioctl
1840:Parameters: struct kvm_lapic_state (in)
1841:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1842
1843::
1844
1845  #define KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE 0x400
1846  struct kvm_lapic_state {
1847	char regs[KVM_APIC_REG_SIZE];
1848  };
1849
1850Copies the input argument into the Local APIC registers.  The data format
1851and layout are the same as documented in the architecture manual.
1852
1853The format of the APIC ID register (bytes 32-35 of struct kvm_lapic_state's
1854regs field) depends on the state of the KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API capability.
1855See the note in KVM_GET_LAPIC.
1856
1857
18584.59 KVM_IOEVENTFD
1859------------------
1860
1861:Capability: KVM_CAP_IOEVENTFD
1862:Architectures: all
1863:Type: vm ioctl
1864:Parameters: struct kvm_ioeventfd (in)
1865:Returns: 0 on success, !0 on error
1866
1867This ioctl attaches or detaches an ioeventfd to a legal pio/mmio address
1868within the guest.  A guest write in the registered address will signal the
1869provided event instead of triggering an exit.
1870
1871::
1872
1873  struct kvm_ioeventfd {
1874	__u64 datamatch;
1875	__u64 addr;        /* legal pio/mmio address */
1876	__u32 len;         /* 0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes    */
1877	__s32 fd;
1878	__u32 flags;
1879	__u8  pad[36];
1880  };
1881
1882For the special case of virtio-ccw devices on s390, the ioevent is matched
1883to a subchannel/virtqueue tuple instead.
1884
1885The following flags are defined::
1886
1887  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_DATAMATCH (1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_datamatch)
1888  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_PIO       (1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_pio)
1889  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_DEASSIGN  (1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_deassign)
1890  #define KVM_IOEVENTFD_FLAG_VIRTIO_CCW_NOTIFY \
1891	(1 << kvm_ioeventfd_flag_nr_virtio_ccw_notify)
1892
1893If datamatch flag is set, the event will be signaled only if the written value
1894to the registered address is equal to datamatch in struct kvm_ioeventfd.
1895
1896For virtio-ccw devices, addr contains the subchannel id and datamatch the
1897virtqueue index.
1898
1899With KVM_CAP_IOEVENTFD_ANY_LENGTH, a zero length ioeventfd is allowed, and
1900the kernel will ignore the length of guest write and may get a faster vmexit.
1901The speedup may only apply to specific architectures, but the ioeventfd will
1902work anyway.
1903
19044.60 KVM_DIRTY_TLB
1905------------------
1906
1907:Capability: KVM_CAP_SW_TLB
1908:Architectures: ppc
1909:Type: vcpu ioctl
1910:Parameters: struct kvm_dirty_tlb (in)
1911:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
1912
1913::
1914
1915  struct kvm_dirty_tlb {
1916	__u64 bitmap;
1917	__u32 num_dirty;
1918  };
1919
1920This must be called whenever userspace has changed an entry in the shared
1921TLB, prior to calling KVM_RUN on the associated vcpu.
1922
1923The "bitmap" field is the userspace address of an array.  This array
1924consists of a number of bits, equal to the total number of TLB entries as
1925determined by the last successful call to KVM_CONFIG_TLB, rounded up to the
1926nearest multiple of 64.
1927
1928Each bit corresponds to one TLB entry, ordered the same as in the shared TLB
1929array.
1930
1931The array is little-endian: the bit 0 is the least significant bit of the
1932first byte, bit 8 is the least significant bit of the second byte, etc.
1933This avoids any complications with differing word sizes.
1934
1935The "num_dirty" field is a performance hint for KVM to determine whether it
1936should skip processing the bitmap and just invalidate everything.  It must
1937be set to the number of set bits in the bitmap.
1938
1939
19404.62 KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE
1941-------------------------
1942
1943:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE
1944:Architectures: powerpc
1945:Type: vm ioctl
1946:Parameters: struct kvm_create_spapr_tce (in)
1947:Returns: file descriptor for manipulating the created TCE table
1948
1949This creates a virtual TCE (translation control entry) table, which
1950is an IOMMU for PAPR-style virtual I/O.  It is used to translate
1951logical addresses used in virtual I/O into guest physical addresses,
1952and provides a scatter/gather capability for PAPR virtual I/O.
1953
1954::
1955
1956  /* for KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE */
1957  struct kvm_create_spapr_tce {
1958	__u64 liobn;
1959	__u32 window_size;
1960  };
1961
1962The liobn field gives the logical IO bus number for which to create a
1963TCE table.  The window_size field specifies the size of the DMA window
1964which this TCE table will translate - the table will contain one 64
1965bit TCE entry for every 4kiB of the DMA window.
1966
1967When the guest issues an H_PUT_TCE hcall on a liobn for which a TCE
1968table has been created using this ioctl(), the kernel will handle it
1969in real mode, updating the TCE table.  H_PUT_TCE calls for other
1970liobns will cause a vm exit and must be handled by userspace.
1971
1972The return value is a file descriptor which can be passed to mmap(2)
1973to map the created TCE table into userspace.  This lets userspace read
1974the entries written by kernel-handled H_PUT_TCE calls, and also lets
1975userspace update the TCE table directly which is useful in some
1976circumstances.
1977
1978
19794.63 KVM_ALLOCATE_RMA
1980---------------------
1981
1982:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RMA
1983:Architectures: powerpc
1984:Type: vm ioctl
1985:Parameters: struct kvm_allocate_rma (out)
1986:Returns: file descriptor for mapping the allocated RMA
1987
1988This allocates a Real Mode Area (RMA) from the pool allocated at boot
1989time by the kernel.  An RMA is a physically-contiguous, aligned region
1990of memory used on older POWER processors to provide the memory which
1991will be accessed by real-mode (MMU off) accesses in a KVM guest.
1992POWER processors support a set of sizes for the RMA that usually
1993includes 64MB, 128MB, 256MB and some larger powers of two.
1994
1995::
1996
1997  /* for KVM_ALLOCATE_RMA */
1998  struct kvm_allocate_rma {
1999	__u64 rma_size;
2000  };
2001
2002The return value is a file descriptor which can be passed to mmap(2)
2003to map the allocated RMA into userspace.  The mapped area can then be
2004passed to the KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION ioctl to establish it as the
2005RMA for a virtual machine.  The size of the RMA in bytes (which is
2006fixed at host kernel boot time) is returned in the rma_size field of
2007the argument structure.
2008
2009The KVM_CAP_PPC_RMA capability is 1 or 2 if the KVM_ALLOCATE_RMA ioctl
2010is supported; 2 if the processor requires all virtual machines to have
2011an RMA, or 1 if the processor can use an RMA but doesn't require it,
2012because it supports the Virtual RMA (VRMA) facility.
2013
2014
20154.64 KVM_NMI
2016------------
2017
2018:Capability: KVM_CAP_USER_NMI
2019:Architectures: x86
2020:Type: vcpu ioctl
2021:Parameters: none
2022:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2023
2024Queues an NMI on the thread's vcpu.  Note this is well defined only
2025when KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP has not been called, since this is an interface
2026between the virtual cpu core and virtual local APIC.  After KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP
2027has been called, this interface is completely emulated within the kernel.
2028
2029To use this to emulate the LINT1 input with KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, use the
2030following algorithm:
2031
2032  - pause the vcpu
2033  - read the local APIC's state (KVM_GET_LAPIC)
2034  - check whether changing LINT1 will queue an NMI (see the LVT entry for LINT1)
2035  - if so, issue KVM_NMI
2036  - resume the vcpu
2037
2038Some guests configure the LINT1 NMI input to cause a panic, aiding in
2039debugging.
2040
2041
20424.65 KVM_S390_UCAS_MAP
2043----------------------
2044
2045:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL
2046:Architectures: s390
2047:Type: vcpu ioctl
2048:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping (in)
2049:Returns: 0 in case of success
2050
2051The parameter is defined like this::
2052
2053	struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping {
2054		__u64 user_addr;
2055		__u64 vcpu_addr;
2056		__u64 length;
2057	};
2058
2059This ioctl maps the memory at "user_addr" with the length "length" to
2060the vcpu's address space starting at "vcpu_addr". All parameters need to
2061be aligned by 1 megabyte.
2062
2063
20644.66 KVM_S390_UCAS_UNMAP
2065------------------------
2066
2067:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL
2068:Architectures: s390
2069:Type: vcpu ioctl
2070:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping (in)
2071:Returns: 0 in case of success
2072
2073The parameter is defined like this::
2074
2075	struct kvm_s390_ucas_mapping {
2076		__u64 user_addr;
2077		__u64 vcpu_addr;
2078		__u64 length;
2079	};
2080
2081This ioctl unmaps the memory in the vcpu's address space starting at
2082"vcpu_addr" with the length "length". The field "user_addr" is ignored.
2083All parameters need to be aligned by 1 megabyte.
2084
2085
20864.67 KVM_S390_VCPU_FAULT
2087------------------------
2088
2089:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_UCONTROL
2090:Architectures: s390
2091:Type: vcpu ioctl
2092:Parameters: vcpu absolute address (in)
2093:Returns: 0 in case of success
2094
2095This call creates a page table entry on the virtual cpu's address space
2096(for user controlled virtual machines) or the virtual machine's address
2097space (for regular virtual machines). This only works for minor faults,
2098thus it's recommended to access subject memory page via the user page
2099table upfront. This is useful to handle validity intercepts for user
2100controlled virtual machines to fault in the virtual cpu's lowcore pages
2101prior to calling the KVM_RUN ioctl.
2102
2103
21044.68 KVM_SET_ONE_REG
2105--------------------
2106
2107:Capability: KVM_CAP_ONE_REG
2108:Architectures: all
2109:Type: vcpu ioctl
2110:Parameters: struct kvm_one_reg (in)
2111:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on failure
2112
2113Errors:
2114
2115  ======   ============================================================
2116  ENOENT   no such register
2117  EINVAL   invalid register ID, or no such register or used with VMs in
2118           protected virtualization mode on s390
2119  EPERM    (arm64) register access not allowed before vcpu finalization
2120  ======   ============================================================
2121
2122(These error codes are indicative only: do not rely on a specific error
2123code being returned in a specific situation.)
2124
2125::
2126
2127  struct kvm_one_reg {
2128       __u64 id;
2129       __u64 addr;
2130 };
2131
2132Using this ioctl, a single vcpu register can be set to a specific value
2133defined by user space with the passed in struct kvm_one_reg, where id
2134refers to the register identifier as described below and addr is a pointer
2135to a variable with the respective size. There can be architecture agnostic
2136and architecture specific registers. Each have their own range of operation
2137and their own constants and width. To keep track of the implemented
2138registers, find a list below:
2139
2140  ======= =============================== ============
2141  Arch              Register              Width (bits)
2142  ======= =============================== ============
2143  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_HIOR                64
2144  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC1                64
2145  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC2                64
2146  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC3                64
2147  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAC4                64
2148  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAC1                64
2149  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAC2                64
2150  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DABR                64
2151  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DSCR                64
2152  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PURR                64
2153  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SPURR               64
2154  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAR                 64
2155  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DSISR               32
2156  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_AMR                 64
2157  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_UAMOR               64
2158  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR0               64
2159  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR1               64
2160  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCRA               64
2161  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR2               64
2162  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCRS               64
2163  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMCR3               64
2164  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIAR                64
2165  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SDAR                64
2166  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIER                64
2167  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIER2               64
2168  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SIER3               64
2169  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC1                32
2170  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC2                32
2171  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC3                32
2172  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC4                32
2173  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC5                32
2174  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC6                32
2175  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC7                32
2176  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PMC8                32
2177  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FPR0                64
2178  ...
2179  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FPR31               64
2180  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VR0                 128
2181  ...
2182  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VR31                128
2183  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VSR0                128
2184  ...
2185  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VSR31               128
2186  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FPSCR               64
2187  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VSCR                32
2188  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VPA_ADDR            64
2189  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VPA_SLB             128
2190  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VPA_DTL             128
2191  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EPCR                32
2192  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EPR                 32
2193  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TCR                 32
2194  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TSR                 32
2195  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_OR_TSR              32
2196  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_CLEAR_TSR           32
2197  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS0                32
2198  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS1                32
2199  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS2                64
2200  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS7_3              64
2201  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS4                32
2202  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MAS6                32
2203  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_MMUCFG              32
2204  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB0CFG             32
2205  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB1CFG             32
2206  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB2CFG             32
2207  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB3CFG             32
2208  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB0PS              32
2209  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB1PS              32
2210  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB2PS              32
2211  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TLB3PS              32
2212  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EPTCFG              32
2213  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_ICP_STATE           64
2214  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VP_STATE            128
2215  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TB_OFFSET           64
2216  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SPMC1               32
2217  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_SPMC2               32
2218  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IAMR                64
2219  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TFHAR               64
2220  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TFIAR               64
2221  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TEXASR              64
2222  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_FSCR                64
2223  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PSPB                32
2224  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EBBHR               64
2225  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_EBBRR               64
2226  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_BESCR               64
2227  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TAR                 64
2228  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DPDES               64
2229  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAWR                64
2230  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DAWRX               64
2231  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_CIABR               64
2232  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_IC                  64
2233  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VTB                 64
2234  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_CSIGR               64
2235  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TACR                64
2236  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TCSCR               64
2237  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PID                 64
2238  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_ACOP                64
2239  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_VRSAVE              32
2240  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_LPCR                32
2241  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_LPCR_64             64
2242  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PPR                 64
2243  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_ARCH_COMPAT         32
2244  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DABRX               32
2245  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_WORT                64
2246  PPC	  KVM_REG_PPC_SPRG9               64
2247  PPC	  KVM_REG_PPC_DBSR                32
2248  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TIDR                64
2249  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PSSCR               64
2250  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_DEC_EXPIRY          64
2251  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_PTCR                64
2252  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_GPR0             64
2253  ...
2254  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_GPR31            64
2255  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VSR0             128
2256  ...
2257  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VSR63            128
2258  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_CR               64
2259  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_LR               64
2260  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_CTR              64
2261  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_FPSCR            64
2262  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_AMR              64
2263  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_PPR              64
2264  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VRSAVE           64
2265  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_VSCR             32
2266  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_DSCR             64
2267  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_TAR              64
2268  PPC     KVM_REG_PPC_TM_XER              64
2269
2270  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_R0                 64
2271  ...
2272  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_R31                64
2273  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_HI                 64
2274  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_LO                 64
2275  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_PC                 64
2276  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_INDEX          32
2277  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO0       64
2278  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO1       64
2279  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONTEXT        64
2280  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONTEXTCONFIG  32
2281  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_USERLOCAL      64
2282  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_XCONTEXTCONFIG 64
2283  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PAGEMASK       32
2284  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PAGEGRAIN      32
2285  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_SEGCTL0        64
2286  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_SEGCTL1        64
2287  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_SEGCTL2        64
2288  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWBASE         64
2289  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWFIELD        64
2290  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWSIZE         64
2291  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_WIRED          32
2292  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PWCTL          32
2293  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_HWRENA         32
2294  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_BADVADDR       64
2295  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_BADINSTR       32
2296  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_BADINSTRP      32
2297  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_COUNT          32
2298  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYHI        64
2299  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_COMPARE        32
2300  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_STATUS         32
2301  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_INTCTL         32
2302  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CAUSE          32
2303  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_EPC            64
2304  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_PRID           32
2305  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_EBASE          64
2306  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG         32
2307  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG1        32
2308  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG2        32
2309  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG3        32
2310  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG4        32
2311  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG5        32
2312  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_CONFIG7        32
2313  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_XCONTEXT       64
2314  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ERROREPC       64
2315  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH1      64
2316  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH2      64
2317  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH3      64
2318  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH4      64
2319  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH5      64
2320  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_KSCRATCH6      64
2321  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_MAAR(0..63)    64
2322  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_COUNT_CTL          64
2323  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_COUNT_RESUME       64
2324  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_COUNT_HZ           64
2325  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_32(0..31)      32
2326  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_64(0..31)      64
2327  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_VEC_128(0..31)     128
2328  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_IR             32
2329  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_CSR            32
2330  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_IR             32
2331  MIPS    KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_CSR            32
2332  ======= =============================== ============
2333
2334ARM registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits.  The upper 16 of that
2335is the register group type, or coprocessor number:
2336
2337ARM core registers have the following id bit patterns::
2338
2339  0x4020 0000 0010 <index into the kvm_regs struct:16>
2340
2341ARM 32-bit CP15 registers have the following id bit patterns::
2342
2343  0x4020 0000 000F <zero:1> <crn:4> <crm:4> <opc1:4> <opc2:3>
2344
2345ARM 64-bit CP15 registers have the following id bit patterns::
2346
2347  0x4030 0000 000F <zero:1> <zero:4> <crm:4> <opc1:4> <zero:3>
2348
2349ARM CCSIDR registers are demultiplexed by CSSELR value::
2350
2351  0x4020 0000 0011 00 <csselr:8>
2352
2353ARM 32-bit VFP control registers have the following id bit patterns::
2354
2355  0x4020 0000 0012 1 <regno:12>
2356
2357ARM 64-bit FP registers have the following id bit patterns::
2358
2359  0x4030 0000 0012 0 <regno:12>
2360
2361ARM firmware pseudo-registers have the following bit pattern::
2362
2363  0x4030 0000 0014 <regno:16>
2364
2365
2366arm64 registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits. The upper 16 of
2367that is the register group type, or coprocessor number:
2368
2369arm64 core/FP-SIMD registers have the following id bit patterns. Note
2370that the size of the access is variable, as the kvm_regs structure
2371contains elements ranging from 32 to 128 bits. The index is a 32bit
2372value in the kvm_regs structure seen as a 32bit array::
2373
2374  0x60x0 0000 0010 <index into the kvm_regs struct:16>
2375
2376Specifically:
2377
2378======================= ========= ===== =======================================
2379    Encoding            Register  Bits  kvm_regs member
2380======================= ========= ===== =======================================
2381  0x6030 0000 0010 0000 X0          64  regs.regs[0]
2382  0x6030 0000 0010 0002 X1          64  regs.regs[1]
2383  ...
2384  0x6030 0000 0010 003c X30         64  regs.regs[30]
2385  0x6030 0000 0010 003e SP          64  regs.sp
2386  0x6030 0000 0010 0040 PC          64  regs.pc
2387  0x6030 0000 0010 0042 PSTATE      64  regs.pstate
2388  0x6030 0000 0010 0044 SP_EL1      64  sp_el1
2389  0x6030 0000 0010 0046 ELR_EL1     64  elr_el1
2390  0x6030 0000 0010 0048 SPSR_EL1    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_EL1] (alias SPSR_SVC)
2391  0x6030 0000 0010 004a SPSR_ABT    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_ABT]
2392  0x6030 0000 0010 004c SPSR_UND    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_UND]
2393  0x6030 0000 0010 004e SPSR_IRQ    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_IRQ]
2394  0x6060 0000 0010 0050 SPSR_FIQ    64  spsr[KVM_SPSR_FIQ]
2395  0x6040 0000 0010 0054 V0         128  fp_regs.vregs[0]    [1]_
2396  0x6040 0000 0010 0058 V1         128  fp_regs.vregs[1]    [1]_
2397  ...
2398  0x6040 0000 0010 00d0 V31        128  fp_regs.vregs[31]   [1]_
2399  0x6020 0000 0010 00d4 FPSR        32  fp_regs.fpsr
2400  0x6020 0000 0010 00d5 FPCR        32  fp_regs.fpcr
2401======================= ========= ===== =======================================
2402
2403.. [1] These encodings are not accepted for SVE-enabled vcpus.  See
2404       KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT.
2405
2406       The equivalent register content can be accessed via bits [127:0] of
2407       the corresponding SVE Zn registers instead for vcpus that have SVE
2408       enabled (see below).
2409
2410arm64 CCSIDR registers are demultiplexed by CSSELR value::
2411
2412  0x6020 0000 0011 00 <csselr:8>
2413
2414arm64 system registers have the following id bit patterns::
2415
2416  0x6030 0000 0013 <op0:2> <op1:3> <crn:4> <crm:4> <op2:3>
2417
2418.. warning::
2419
2420     Two system register IDs do not follow the specified pattern.  These
2421     are KVM_REG_ARM_TIMER_CVAL and KVM_REG_ARM_TIMER_CNT, which map to
2422     system registers CNTV_CVAL_EL0 and CNTVCT_EL0 respectively.  These
2423     two had their values accidentally swapped, which means TIMER_CVAL is
2424     derived from the register encoding for CNTVCT_EL0 and TIMER_CNT is
2425     derived from the register encoding for CNTV_CVAL_EL0.  As this is
2426     API, it must remain this way.
2427
2428arm64 firmware pseudo-registers have the following bit pattern::
2429
2430  0x6030 0000 0014 <regno:16>
2431
2432arm64 SVE registers have the following bit patterns::
2433
2434  0x6080 0000 0015 00 <n:5> <slice:5>   Zn bits[2048*slice + 2047 : 2048*slice]
2435  0x6050 0000 0015 04 <n:4> <slice:5>   Pn bits[256*slice + 255 : 256*slice]
2436  0x6050 0000 0015 060 <slice:5>        FFR bits[256*slice + 255 : 256*slice]
2437  0x6060 0000 0015 ffff                 KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS pseudo-register
2438
2439Access to register IDs where 2048 * slice >= 128 * max_vq will fail with
2440ENOENT.  max_vq is the vcpu's maximum supported vector length in 128-bit
2441quadwords: see [2]_ below.
2442
2443These registers are only accessible on vcpus for which SVE is enabled.
2444See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT for details.
2445
2446In addition, except for KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS, these registers are not
2447accessible until the vcpu's SVE configuration has been finalized
2448using KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE).  See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT
2449and KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE for more information about this procedure.
2450
2451KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS is a pseudo-register that allows the set of vector
2452lengths supported by the vcpu to be discovered and configured by
2453userspace.  When transferred to or from user memory via KVM_GET_ONE_REG
2454or KVM_SET_ONE_REG, the value of this register is of type
2455__u64[KVM_ARM64_SVE_VLS_WORDS], and encodes the set of vector lengths as
2456follows::
2457
2458  __u64 vector_lengths[KVM_ARM64_SVE_VLS_WORDS];
2459
2460  if (vq >= SVE_VQ_MIN && vq <= SVE_VQ_MAX &&
2461      ((vector_lengths[(vq - KVM_ARM64_SVE_VQ_MIN) / 64] >>
2462		((vq - KVM_ARM64_SVE_VQ_MIN) % 64)) & 1))
2463	/* Vector length vq * 16 bytes supported */
2464  else
2465	/* Vector length vq * 16 bytes not supported */
2466
2467.. [2] The maximum value vq for which the above condition is true is
2468       max_vq.  This is the maximum vector length available to the guest on
2469       this vcpu, and determines which register slices are visible through
2470       this ioctl interface.
2471
2472(See Documentation/arm64/sve.rst for an explanation of the "vq"
2473nomenclature.)
2474
2475KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS is only accessible after KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT.
2476KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT initialises it to the best set of vector lengths that
2477the host supports.
2478
2479Userspace may subsequently modify it if desired until the vcpu's SVE
2480configuration is finalized using KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE).
2481
2482Apart from simply removing all vector lengths from the host set that
2483exceed some value, support for arbitrarily chosen sets of vector lengths
2484is hardware-dependent and may not be available.  Attempting to configure
2485an invalid set of vector lengths via KVM_SET_ONE_REG will fail with
2486EINVAL.
2487
2488After the vcpu's SVE configuration is finalized, further attempts to
2489write this register will fail with EPERM.
2490
2491
2492MIPS registers are mapped using the lower 32 bits.  The upper 16 of that is
2493the register group type:
2494
2495MIPS core registers (see above) have the following id bit patterns::
2496
2497  0x7030 0000 0000 <reg:16>
2498
2499MIPS CP0 registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_* above) have the following id bit
2500patterns depending on whether they're 32-bit or 64-bit registers::
2501
2502  0x7020 0000 0001 00 <reg:5> <sel:3>   (32-bit)
2503  0x7030 0000 0001 00 <reg:5> <sel:3>   (64-bit)
2504
2505Note: KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO0 and KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_ENTRYLO1 are the MIPS64
2506versions of the EntryLo registers regardless of the word size of the host
2507hardware, host kernel, guest, and whether XPA is present in the guest, i.e.
2508with the RI and XI bits (if they exist) in bits 63 and 62 respectively, and
2509the PFNX field starting at bit 30.
2510
2511MIPS MAARs (see KVM_REG_MIPS_CP0_MAAR(*) above) have the following id bit
2512patterns::
2513
2514  0x7030 0000 0001 01 <reg:8>
2515
2516MIPS KVM control registers (see above) have the following id bit patterns::
2517
2518  0x7030 0000 0002 <reg:16>
2519
2520MIPS FPU registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_{32,64}() above) have the following
2521id bit patterns depending on the size of the register being accessed. They are
2522always accessed according to the current guest FPU mode (Status.FR and
2523Config5.FRE), i.e. as the guest would see them, and they become unpredictable
2524if the guest FPU mode is changed. MIPS SIMD Architecture (MSA) vector
2525registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_VEC_128() above) have similar patterns as they
2526overlap the FPU registers::
2527
2528  0x7020 0000 0003 00 <0:3> <reg:5> (32-bit FPU registers)
2529  0x7030 0000 0003 00 <0:3> <reg:5> (64-bit FPU registers)
2530  0x7040 0000 0003 00 <0:3> <reg:5> (128-bit MSA vector registers)
2531
2532MIPS FPU control registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_{IR,CSR} above) have the
2533following id bit patterns::
2534
2535  0x7020 0000 0003 01 <0:3> <reg:5>
2536
2537MIPS MSA control registers (see KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_{IR,CSR} above) have the
2538following id bit patterns::
2539
2540  0x7020 0000 0003 02 <0:3> <reg:5>
2541
2542
25434.69 KVM_GET_ONE_REG
2544--------------------
2545
2546:Capability: KVM_CAP_ONE_REG
2547:Architectures: all
2548:Type: vcpu ioctl
2549:Parameters: struct kvm_one_reg (in and out)
2550:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on failure
2551
2552Errors include:
2553
2554  ======== ============================================================
2555  ENOENT   no such register
2556  EINVAL   invalid register ID, or no such register or used with VMs in
2557           protected virtualization mode on s390
2558  EPERM    (arm64) register access not allowed before vcpu finalization
2559  ======== ============================================================
2560
2561(These error codes are indicative only: do not rely on a specific error
2562code being returned in a specific situation.)
2563
2564This ioctl allows to receive the value of a single register implemented
2565in a vcpu. The register to read is indicated by the "id" field of the
2566kvm_one_reg struct passed in. On success, the register value can be found
2567at the memory location pointed to by "addr".
2568
2569The list of registers accessible using this interface is identical to the
2570list in 4.68.
2571
2572
25734.70 KVM_KVMCLOCK_CTRL
2574----------------------
2575
2576:Capability: KVM_CAP_KVMCLOCK_CTRL
2577:Architectures: Any that implement pvclocks (currently x86 only)
2578:Type: vcpu ioctl
2579:Parameters: None
2580:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2581
2582This ioctl sets a flag accessible to the guest indicating that the specified
2583vCPU has been paused by the host userspace.
2584
2585The host will set a flag in the pvclock structure that is checked from the
2586soft lockup watchdog.  The flag is part of the pvclock structure that is
2587shared between guest and host, specifically the second bit of the flags
2588field of the pvclock_vcpu_time_info structure.  It will be set exclusively by
2589the host and read/cleared exclusively by the guest.  The guest operation of
2590checking and clearing the flag must be an atomic operation so
2591load-link/store-conditional, or equivalent must be used.  There are two cases
2592where the guest will clear the flag: when the soft lockup watchdog timer resets
2593itself or when a soft lockup is detected.  This ioctl can be called any time
2594after pausing the vcpu, but before it is resumed.
2595
2596
25974.71 KVM_SIGNAL_MSI
2598-------------------
2599
2600:Capability: KVM_CAP_SIGNAL_MSI
2601:Architectures: x86 arm arm64
2602:Type: vm ioctl
2603:Parameters: struct kvm_msi (in)
2604:Returns: >0 on delivery, 0 if guest blocked the MSI, and -1 on error
2605
2606Directly inject a MSI message. Only valid with in-kernel irqchip that handles
2607MSI messages.
2608
2609::
2610
2611  struct kvm_msi {
2612	__u32 address_lo;
2613	__u32 address_hi;
2614	__u32 data;
2615	__u32 flags;
2616	__u32 devid;
2617	__u8  pad[12];
2618  };
2619
2620flags:
2621  KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID: devid contains a valid value.  The per-VM
2622  KVM_CAP_MSI_DEVID capability advertises the requirement to provide
2623  the device ID.  If this capability is not available, userspace
2624  should never set the KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID flag as the ioctl might fail.
2625
2626If KVM_MSI_VALID_DEVID is set, devid contains a unique device identifier
2627for the device that wrote the MSI message.  For PCI, this is usually a
2628BFD identifier in the lower 16 bits.
2629
2630On x86, address_hi is ignored unless the KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS
2631feature of KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API capability is enabled.  If it is enabled,
2632address_hi bits 31-8 provide bits 31-8 of the destination id.  Bits 7-0 of
2633address_hi must be zero.
2634
2635
26364.71 KVM_CREATE_PIT2
2637--------------------
2638
2639:Capability: KVM_CAP_PIT2
2640:Architectures: x86
2641:Type: vm ioctl
2642:Parameters: struct kvm_pit_config (in)
2643:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2644
2645Creates an in-kernel device model for the i8254 PIT. This call is only valid
2646after enabling in-kernel irqchip support via KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP. The following
2647parameters have to be passed::
2648
2649  struct kvm_pit_config {
2650	__u32 flags;
2651	__u32 pad[15];
2652  };
2653
2654Valid flags are::
2655
2656  #define KVM_PIT_SPEAKER_DUMMY     1 /* emulate speaker port stub */
2657
2658PIT timer interrupts may use a per-VM kernel thread for injection. If it
2659exists, this thread will have a name of the following pattern::
2660
2661  kvm-pit/<owner-process-pid>
2662
2663When running a guest with elevated priorities, the scheduling parameters of
2664this thread may have to be adjusted accordingly.
2665
2666This IOCTL replaces the obsolete KVM_CREATE_PIT.
2667
2668
26694.72 KVM_GET_PIT2
2670-----------------
2671
2672:Capability: KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2
2673:Architectures: x86
2674:Type: vm ioctl
2675:Parameters: struct kvm_pit_state2 (out)
2676:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2677
2678Retrieves the state of the in-kernel PIT model. Only valid after
2679KVM_CREATE_PIT2. The state is returned in the following structure::
2680
2681  struct kvm_pit_state2 {
2682	struct kvm_pit_channel_state channels[3];
2683	__u32 flags;
2684	__u32 reserved[9];
2685  };
2686
2687Valid flags are::
2688
2689  /* disable PIT in HPET legacy mode */
2690  #define KVM_PIT_FLAGS_HPET_LEGACY  0x00000001
2691
2692This IOCTL replaces the obsolete KVM_GET_PIT.
2693
2694
26954.73 KVM_SET_PIT2
2696-----------------
2697
2698:Capability: KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2
2699:Architectures: x86
2700:Type: vm ioctl
2701:Parameters: struct kvm_pit_state2 (in)
2702:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2703
2704Sets the state of the in-kernel PIT model. Only valid after KVM_CREATE_PIT2.
2705See KVM_GET_PIT2 for details on struct kvm_pit_state2.
2706
2707This IOCTL replaces the obsolete KVM_SET_PIT.
2708
2709
27104.74 KVM_PPC_GET_SMMU_INFO
2711--------------------------
2712
2713:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_GET_SMMU_INFO
2714:Architectures: powerpc
2715:Type: vm ioctl
2716:Parameters: None
2717:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2718
2719This populates and returns a structure describing the features of
2720the "Server" class MMU emulation supported by KVM.
2721This can in turn be used by userspace to generate the appropriate
2722device-tree properties for the guest operating system.
2723
2724The structure contains some global information, followed by an
2725array of supported segment page sizes::
2726
2727      struct kvm_ppc_smmu_info {
2728	     __u64 flags;
2729	     __u32 slb_size;
2730	     __u32 pad;
2731	     struct kvm_ppc_one_seg_page_size sps[KVM_PPC_PAGE_SIZES_MAX_SZ];
2732      };
2733
2734The supported flags are:
2735
2736    - KVM_PPC_PAGE_SIZES_REAL:
2737        When that flag is set, guest page sizes must "fit" the backing
2738        store page sizes. When not set, any page size in the list can
2739        be used regardless of how they are backed by userspace.
2740
2741    - KVM_PPC_1T_SEGMENTS
2742        The emulated MMU supports 1T segments in addition to the
2743        standard 256M ones.
2744
2745    - KVM_PPC_NO_HASH
2746	This flag indicates that HPT guests are not supported by KVM,
2747	thus all guests must use radix MMU mode.
2748
2749The "slb_size" field indicates how many SLB entries are supported
2750
2751The "sps" array contains 8 entries indicating the supported base
2752page sizes for a segment in increasing order. Each entry is defined
2753as follow::
2754
2755   struct kvm_ppc_one_seg_page_size {
2756	__u32 page_shift;	/* Base page shift of segment (or 0) */
2757	__u32 slb_enc;		/* SLB encoding for BookS */
2758	struct kvm_ppc_one_page_size enc[KVM_PPC_PAGE_SIZES_MAX_SZ];
2759   };
2760
2761An entry with a "page_shift" of 0 is unused. Because the array is
2762organized in increasing order, a lookup can stop when encoutering
2763such an entry.
2764
2765The "slb_enc" field provides the encoding to use in the SLB for the
2766page size. The bits are in positions such as the value can directly
2767be OR'ed into the "vsid" argument of the slbmte instruction.
2768
2769The "enc" array is a list which for each of those segment base page
2770size provides the list of supported actual page sizes (which can be
2771only larger or equal to the base page size), along with the
2772corresponding encoding in the hash PTE. Similarly, the array is
27738 entries sorted by increasing sizes and an entry with a "0" shift
2774is an empty entry and a terminator::
2775
2776   struct kvm_ppc_one_page_size {
2777	__u32 page_shift;	/* Page shift (or 0) */
2778	__u32 pte_enc;		/* Encoding in the HPTE (>>12) */
2779   };
2780
2781The "pte_enc" field provides a value that can OR'ed into the hash
2782PTE's RPN field (ie, it needs to be shifted left by 12 to OR it
2783into the hash PTE second double word).
2784
27854.75 KVM_IRQFD
2786--------------
2787
2788:Capability: KVM_CAP_IRQFD
2789:Architectures: x86 s390 arm arm64
2790:Type: vm ioctl
2791:Parameters: struct kvm_irqfd (in)
2792:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2793
2794Allows setting an eventfd to directly trigger a guest interrupt.
2795kvm_irqfd.fd specifies the file descriptor to use as the eventfd and
2796kvm_irqfd.gsi specifies the irqchip pin toggled by this event.  When
2797an event is triggered on the eventfd, an interrupt is injected into
2798the guest using the specified gsi pin.  The irqfd is removed using
2799the KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_DEASSIGN flag, specifying both kvm_irqfd.fd
2800and kvm_irqfd.gsi.
2801
2802With KVM_CAP_IRQFD_RESAMPLE, KVM_IRQFD supports a de-assert and notify
2803mechanism allowing emulation of level-triggered, irqfd-based
2804interrupts.  When KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_RESAMPLE is set the user must pass an
2805additional eventfd in the kvm_irqfd.resamplefd field.  When operating
2806in resample mode, posting of an interrupt through kvm_irq.fd asserts
2807the specified gsi in the irqchip.  When the irqchip is resampled, such
2808as from an EOI, the gsi is de-asserted and the user is notified via
2809kvm_irqfd.resamplefd.  It is the user's responsibility to re-queue
2810the interrupt if the device making use of it still requires service.
2811Note that closing the resamplefd is not sufficient to disable the
2812irqfd.  The KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_RESAMPLE is only necessary on assignment
2813and need not be specified with KVM_IRQFD_FLAG_DEASSIGN.
2814
2815On arm/arm64, gsi routing being supported, the following can happen:
2816
2817- in case no routing entry is associated to this gsi, injection fails
2818- in case the gsi is associated to an irqchip routing entry,
2819  irqchip.pin + 32 corresponds to the injected SPI ID.
2820- in case the gsi is associated to an MSI routing entry, the MSI
2821  message and device ID are translated into an LPI (support restricted
2822  to GICv3 ITS in-kernel emulation).
2823
28244.76 KVM_PPC_ALLOCATE_HTAB
2825--------------------------
2826
2827:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_ALLOC_HTAB
2828:Architectures: powerpc
2829:Type: vm ioctl
2830:Parameters: Pointer to u32 containing hash table order (in/out)
2831:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2832
2833This requests the host kernel to allocate an MMU hash table for a
2834guest using the PAPR paravirtualization interface.  This only does
2835anything if the kernel is configured to use the Book 3S HV style of
2836virtualization.  Otherwise the capability doesn't exist and the ioctl
2837returns an ENOTTY error.  The rest of this description assumes Book 3S
2838HV.
2839
2840There must be no vcpus running when this ioctl is called; if there
2841are, it will do nothing and return an EBUSY error.
2842
2843The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer variable
2844containing the order (log base 2) of the desired size of the hash
2845table, which must be between 18 and 46.  On successful return from the
2846ioctl, the value will not be changed by the kernel.
2847
2848If no hash table has been allocated when any vcpu is asked to run
2849(with the KVM_RUN ioctl), the host kernel will allocate a
2850default-sized hash table (16 MB).
2851
2852If this ioctl is called when a hash table has already been allocated,
2853with a different order from the existing hash table, the existing hash
2854table will be freed and a new one allocated.  If this is ioctl is
2855called when a hash table has already been allocated of the same order
2856as specified, the kernel will clear out the existing hash table (zero
2857all HPTEs).  In either case, if the guest is using the virtualized
2858real-mode area (VRMA) facility, the kernel will re-create the VMRA
2859HPTEs on the next KVM_RUN of any vcpu.
2860
28614.77 KVM_S390_INTERRUPT
2862-----------------------
2863
2864:Capability: basic
2865:Architectures: s390
2866:Type: vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
2867:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_interrupt (in)
2868:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2869
2870Allows to inject an interrupt to the guest. Interrupts can be floating
2871(vm ioctl) or per cpu (vcpu ioctl), depending on the interrupt type.
2872
2873Interrupt parameters are passed via kvm_s390_interrupt::
2874
2875  struct kvm_s390_interrupt {
2876	__u32 type;
2877	__u32 parm;
2878	__u64 parm64;
2879  };
2880
2881type can be one of the following:
2882
2883KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP (vcpu)
2884    - sigp stop; optional flags in parm
2885KVM_S390_PROGRAM_INT (vcpu)
2886    - program check; code in parm
2887KVM_S390_SIGP_SET_PREFIX (vcpu)
2888    - sigp set prefix; prefix address in parm
2889KVM_S390_RESTART (vcpu)
2890    - restart
2891KVM_S390_INT_CLOCK_COMP (vcpu)
2892    - clock comparator interrupt
2893KVM_S390_INT_CPU_TIMER (vcpu)
2894    - CPU timer interrupt
2895KVM_S390_INT_VIRTIO (vm)
2896    - virtio external interrupt; external interrupt
2897      parameters in parm and parm64
2898KVM_S390_INT_SERVICE (vm)
2899    - sclp external interrupt; sclp parameter in parm
2900KVM_S390_INT_EMERGENCY (vcpu)
2901    - sigp emergency; source cpu in parm
2902KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL (vcpu)
2903    - sigp external call; source cpu in parm
2904KVM_S390_INT_IO(ai,cssid,ssid,schid) (vm)
2905    - compound value to indicate an
2906      I/O interrupt (ai - adapter interrupt; cssid,ssid,schid - subchannel);
2907      I/O interruption parameters in parm (subchannel) and parm64 (intparm,
2908      interruption subclass)
2909KVM_S390_MCHK (vm, vcpu)
2910    - machine check interrupt; cr 14 bits in parm, machine check interrupt
2911      code in parm64 (note that machine checks needing further payload are not
2912      supported by this ioctl)
2913
2914This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
2915
29164.78 KVM_PPC_GET_HTAB_FD
2917------------------------
2918
2919:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_HTAB_FD
2920:Architectures: powerpc
2921:Type: vm ioctl
2922:Parameters: Pointer to struct kvm_get_htab_fd (in)
2923:Returns: file descriptor number (>= 0) on success, -1 on error
2924
2925This returns a file descriptor that can be used either to read out the
2926entries in the guest's hashed page table (HPT), or to write entries to
2927initialize the HPT.  The returned fd can only be written to if the
2928KVM_GET_HTAB_WRITE bit is set in the flags field of the argument, and
2929can only be read if that bit is clear.  The argument struct looks like
2930this::
2931
2932  /* For KVM_PPC_GET_HTAB_FD */
2933  struct kvm_get_htab_fd {
2934	__u64	flags;
2935	__u64	start_index;
2936	__u64	reserved[2];
2937  };
2938
2939  /* Values for kvm_get_htab_fd.flags */
2940  #define KVM_GET_HTAB_BOLTED_ONLY	((__u64)0x1)
2941  #define KVM_GET_HTAB_WRITE		((__u64)0x2)
2942
2943The 'start_index' field gives the index in the HPT of the entry at
2944which to start reading.  It is ignored when writing.
2945
2946Reads on the fd will initially supply information about all
2947"interesting" HPT entries.  Interesting entries are those with the
2948bolted bit set, if the KVM_GET_HTAB_BOLTED_ONLY bit is set, otherwise
2949all entries.  When the end of the HPT is reached, the read() will
2950return.  If read() is called again on the fd, it will start again from
2951the beginning of the HPT, but will only return HPT entries that have
2952changed since they were last read.
2953
2954Data read or written is structured as a header (8 bytes) followed by a
2955series of valid HPT entries (16 bytes) each.  The header indicates how
2956many valid HPT entries there are and how many invalid entries follow
2957the valid entries.  The invalid entries are not represented explicitly
2958in the stream.  The header format is::
2959
2960  struct kvm_get_htab_header {
2961	__u32	index;
2962	__u16	n_valid;
2963	__u16	n_invalid;
2964  };
2965
2966Writes to the fd create HPT entries starting at the index given in the
2967header; first 'n_valid' valid entries with contents from the data
2968written, then 'n_invalid' invalid entries, invalidating any previously
2969valid entries found.
2970
29714.79 KVM_CREATE_DEVICE
2972----------------------
2973
2974:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL
2975:Type: vm ioctl
2976:Parameters: struct kvm_create_device (in/out)
2977:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
2978
2979Errors:
2980
2981  ======  =======================================================
2982  ENODEV  The device type is unknown or unsupported
2983  EEXIST  Device already created, and this type of device may not
2984          be instantiated multiple times
2985  ======  =======================================================
2986
2987  Other error conditions may be defined by individual device types or
2988  have their standard meanings.
2989
2990Creates an emulated device in the kernel.  The file descriptor returned
2991in fd can be used with KVM_SET/GET/HAS_DEVICE_ATTR.
2992
2993If the KVM_CREATE_DEVICE_TEST flag is set, only test whether the
2994device type is supported (not necessarily whether it can be created
2995in the current vm).
2996
2997Individual devices should not define flags.  Attributes should be used
2998for specifying any behavior that is not implied by the device type
2999number.
3000
3001::
3002
3003  struct kvm_create_device {
3004	__u32	type;	/* in: KVM_DEV_TYPE_xxx */
3005	__u32	fd;	/* out: device handle */
3006	__u32	flags;	/* in: KVM_CREATE_DEVICE_xxx */
3007  };
3008
30094.80 KVM_SET_DEVICE_ATTR/KVM_GET_DEVICE_ATTR
3010--------------------------------------------
3011
3012:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL, KVM_CAP_VM_ATTRIBUTES for vm device,
3013             KVM_CAP_VCPU_ATTRIBUTES for vcpu device
3014:Type: device ioctl, vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
3015:Parameters: struct kvm_device_attr
3016:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3017
3018Errors:
3019
3020  =====   =============================================================
3021  ENXIO   The group or attribute is unknown/unsupported for this device
3022          or hardware support is missing.
3023  EPERM   The attribute cannot (currently) be accessed this way
3024          (e.g. read-only attribute, or attribute that only makes
3025          sense when the device is in a different state)
3026  =====   =============================================================
3027
3028  Other error conditions may be defined by individual device types.
3029
3030Gets/sets a specified piece of device configuration and/or state.  The
3031semantics are device-specific.  See individual device documentation in
3032the "devices" directory.  As with ONE_REG, the size of the data
3033transferred is defined by the particular attribute.
3034
3035::
3036
3037  struct kvm_device_attr {
3038	__u32	flags;		/* no flags currently defined */
3039	__u32	group;		/* device-defined */
3040	__u64	attr;		/* group-defined */
3041	__u64	addr;		/* userspace address of attr data */
3042  };
3043
30444.81 KVM_HAS_DEVICE_ATTR
3045------------------------
3046
3047:Capability: KVM_CAP_DEVICE_CTRL, KVM_CAP_VM_ATTRIBUTES for vm device,
3048	     KVM_CAP_VCPU_ATTRIBUTES for vcpu device
3049:Type: device ioctl, vm ioctl, vcpu ioctl
3050:Parameters: struct kvm_device_attr
3051:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3052
3053Errors:
3054
3055  =====   =============================================================
3056  ENXIO   The group or attribute is unknown/unsupported for this device
3057          or hardware support is missing.
3058  =====   =============================================================
3059
3060Tests whether a device supports a particular attribute.  A successful
3061return indicates the attribute is implemented.  It does not necessarily
3062indicate that the attribute can be read or written in the device's
3063current state.  "addr" is ignored.
3064
30654.82 KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT
3066----------------------
3067
3068:Capability: basic
3069:Architectures: arm, arm64
3070:Type: vcpu ioctl
3071:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_init (in)
3072:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3073
3074Errors:
3075
3076  ======     =================================================================
3077  EINVAL     the target is unknown, or the combination of features is invalid.
3078  ENOENT     a features bit specified is unknown.
3079  ======     =================================================================
3080
3081This tells KVM what type of CPU to present to the guest, and what
3082optional features it should have.  This will cause a reset of the cpu
3083registers to their initial values.  If this is not called, KVM_RUN will
3084return ENOEXEC for that vcpu.
3085
3086Note that because some registers reflect machine topology, all vcpus
3087should be created before this ioctl is invoked.
3088
3089Userspace can call this function multiple times for a given vcpu, including
3090after the vcpu has been run. This will reset the vcpu to its initial
3091state. All calls to this function after the initial call must use the same
3092target and same set of feature flags, otherwise EINVAL will be returned.
3093
3094Possible features:
3095
3096	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_POWER_OFF: Starts the CPU in a power-off state.
3097	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI.  If not set, the CPU will be powered on
3098	  and execute guest code when KVM_RUN is called.
3099	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_EL1_32BIT: Starts the CPU in a 32bit mode.
3100	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_EL1_32BIT (arm64 only).
3101	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PSCI_0_2: Emulate PSCI v0.2 (or a future revision
3102          backward compatible with v0.2) for the CPU.
3103	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI_0_2.
3104	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3: Emulate PMUv3 for the CPU.
3105	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PMU_V3.
3106
3107	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS: Enables Address Pointer authentication
3108	  for arm64 only.
3109	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS.
3110	  If KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC are
3111	  both present, then both KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and
3112	  KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_GENERIC must be requested or neither must be
3113	  requested.
3114
3115	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_GENERIC: Enables Generic Pointer authentication
3116	  for arm64 only.
3117	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC.
3118	  If KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC are
3119	  both present, then both KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS and
3120	  KVM_ARM_VCPU_PTRAUTH_GENERIC must be requested or neither must be
3121	  requested.
3122
3123	- KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE: Enables SVE for the CPU (arm64 only).
3124	  Depends on KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE.
3125	  Requires KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE):
3126
3127	   * After KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT:
3128
3129	      - KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS may be read using KVM_GET_ONE_REG: the
3130	        initial value of this pseudo-register indicates the best set of
3131	        vector lengths possible for a vcpu on this host.
3132
3133	   * Before KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE):
3134
3135	      - KVM_RUN and KVM_GET_REG_LIST are not available;
3136
3137	      - KVM_GET_ONE_REG and KVM_SET_ONE_REG cannot be used to access
3138	        the scalable archietctural SVE registers
3139	        KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_ZREG(), KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_PREG() or
3140	        KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_FFR;
3141
3142	      - KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS may optionally be written using
3143	        KVM_SET_ONE_REG, to modify the set of vector lengths available
3144	        for the vcpu.
3145
3146	   * After KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE(KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE):
3147
3148	      - the KVM_REG_ARM64_SVE_VLS pseudo-register is immutable, and can
3149	        no longer be written using KVM_SET_ONE_REG.
3150
31514.83 KVM_ARM_PREFERRED_TARGET
3152-----------------------------
3153
3154:Capability: basic
3155:Architectures: arm, arm64
3156:Type: vm ioctl
3157:Parameters: struct kvm_vcpu_init (out)
3158:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3159
3160Errors:
3161
3162  ======     ==========================================
3163  ENODEV     no preferred target available for the host
3164  ======     ==========================================
3165
3166This queries KVM for preferred CPU target type which can be emulated
3167by KVM on underlying host.
3168
3169The ioctl returns struct kvm_vcpu_init instance containing information
3170about preferred CPU target type and recommended features for it.  The
3171kvm_vcpu_init->features bitmap returned will have feature bits set if
3172the preferred target recommends setting these features, but this is
3173not mandatory.
3174
3175The information returned by this ioctl can be used to prepare an instance
3176of struct kvm_vcpu_init for KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT ioctl which will result in
3177VCPU matching underlying host.
3178
3179
31804.84 KVM_GET_REG_LIST
3181---------------------
3182
3183:Capability: basic
3184:Architectures: arm, arm64, mips
3185:Type: vcpu ioctl
3186:Parameters: struct kvm_reg_list (in/out)
3187:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3188
3189Errors:
3190
3191  =====      ==============================================================
3192  E2BIG      the reg index list is too big to fit in the array specified by
3193             the user (the number required will be written into n).
3194  =====      ==============================================================
3195
3196::
3197
3198  struct kvm_reg_list {
3199	__u64 n; /* number of registers in reg[] */
3200	__u64 reg[0];
3201  };
3202
3203This ioctl returns the guest registers that are supported for the
3204KVM_GET_ONE_REG/KVM_SET_ONE_REG calls.
3205
3206
32074.85 KVM_ARM_SET_DEVICE_ADDR (deprecated)
3208-----------------------------------------
3209
3210:Capability: KVM_CAP_ARM_SET_DEVICE_ADDR
3211:Architectures: arm, arm64
3212:Type: vm ioctl
3213:Parameters: struct kvm_arm_device_address (in)
3214:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3215
3216Errors:
3217
3218  ======  ============================================
3219  ENODEV  The device id is unknown
3220  ENXIO   Device not supported on current system
3221  EEXIST  Address already set
3222  E2BIG   Address outside guest physical address space
3223  EBUSY   Address overlaps with other device range
3224  ======  ============================================
3225
3226::
3227
3228  struct kvm_arm_device_addr {
3229	__u64 id;
3230	__u64 addr;
3231  };
3232
3233Specify a device address in the guest's physical address space where guests
3234can access emulated or directly exposed devices, which the host kernel needs
3235to know about. The id field is an architecture specific identifier for a
3236specific device.
3237
3238ARM/arm64 divides the id field into two parts, a device id and an
3239address type id specific to the individual device::
3240
3241  bits:  | 63        ...       32 | 31    ...    16 | 15    ...    0 |
3242  field: |        0x00000000      |     device id   |  addr type id  |
3243
3244ARM/arm64 currently only require this when using the in-kernel GIC
3245support for the hardware VGIC features, using KVM_ARM_DEVICE_VGIC_V2
3246as the device id.  When setting the base address for the guest's
3247mapping of the VGIC virtual CPU and distributor interface, the ioctl
3248must be called after calling KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, but before calling
3249KVM_RUN on any of the VCPUs.  Calling this ioctl twice for any of the
3250base addresses will return -EEXIST.
3251
3252Note, this IOCTL is deprecated and the more flexible SET/GET_DEVICE_ATTR API
3253should be used instead.
3254
3255
32564.86 KVM_PPC_RTAS_DEFINE_TOKEN
3257------------------------------
3258
3259:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RTAS
3260:Architectures: ppc
3261:Type: vm ioctl
3262:Parameters: struct kvm_rtas_token_args
3263:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3264
3265Defines a token value for a RTAS (Run Time Abstraction Services)
3266service in order to allow it to be handled in the kernel.  The
3267argument struct gives the name of the service, which must be the name
3268of a service that has a kernel-side implementation.  If the token
3269value is non-zero, it will be associated with that service, and
3270subsequent RTAS calls by the guest specifying that token will be
3271handled by the kernel.  If the token value is 0, then any token
3272associated with the service will be forgotten, and subsequent RTAS
3273calls by the guest for that service will be passed to userspace to be
3274handled.
3275
32764.87 KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG
3277------------------------
3278
3279:Capability: KVM_CAP_SET_GUEST_DEBUG
3280:Architectures: x86, s390, ppc, arm64
3281:Type: vcpu ioctl
3282:Parameters: struct kvm_guest_debug (in)
3283:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
3284
3285::
3286
3287  struct kvm_guest_debug {
3288       __u32 control;
3289       __u32 pad;
3290       struct kvm_guest_debug_arch arch;
3291  };
3292
3293Set up the processor specific debug registers and configure vcpu for
3294handling guest debug events. There are two parts to the structure, the
3295first a control bitfield indicates the type of debug events to handle
3296when running. Common control bits are:
3297
3298  - KVM_GUESTDBG_ENABLE:        guest debugging is enabled
3299  - KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP:    the next run should single-step
3300
3301The top 16 bits of the control field are architecture specific control
3302flags which can include the following:
3303
3304  - KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_SW_BP:     using software breakpoints [x86, arm64]
3305  - KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP:     using hardware breakpoints [x86, s390, arm64]
3306  - KVM_GUESTDBG_INJECT_DB:     inject DB type exception [x86]
3307  - KVM_GUESTDBG_INJECT_BP:     inject BP type exception [x86]
3308  - KVM_GUESTDBG_EXIT_PENDING:  trigger an immediate guest exit [s390]
3309
3310For example KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_SW_BP indicates that software breakpoints
3311are enabled in memory so we need to ensure breakpoint exceptions are
3312correctly trapped and the KVM run loop exits at the breakpoint and not
3313running off into the normal guest vector. For KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP
3314we need to ensure the guest vCPUs architecture specific registers are
3315updated to the correct (supplied) values.
3316
3317The second part of the structure is architecture specific and
3318typically contains a set of debug registers.
3319
3320For arm64 the number of debug registers is implementation defined and
3321can be determined by querying the KVM_CAP_GUEST_DEBUG_HW_BPS and
3322KVM_CAP_GUEST_DEBUG_HW_WPS capabilities which return a positive number
3323indicating the number of supported registers.
3324
3325For ppc, the KVM_CAP_PPC_GUEST_DEBUG_SSTEP capability indicates whether
3326the single-step debug event (KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP) is supported.
3327
3328When debug events exit the main run loop with the reason
3329KVM_EXIT_DEBUG with the kvm_debug_exit_arch part of the kvm_run
3330structure containing architecture specific debug information.
3331
33324.88 KVM_GET_EMULATED_CPUID
3333---------------------------
3334
3335:Capability: KVM_CAP_EXT_EMUL_CPUID
3336:Architectures: x86
3337:Type: system ioctl
3338:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid2 (in/out)
3339:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3340
3341::
3342
3343  struct kvm_cpuid2 {
3344	__u32 nent;
3345	__u32 flags;
3346	struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 entries[0];
3347  };
3348
3349The member 'flags' is used for passing flags from userspace.
3350
3351::
3352
3353  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX		BIT(0)
3354  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATEFUL_FUNC		BIT(1) /* deprecated */
3355  #define KVM_CPUID_FLAG_STATE_READ_NEXT		BIT(2) /* deprecated */
3356
3357  struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 {
3358	__u32 function;
3359	__u32 index;
3360	__u32 flags;
3361	__u32 eax;
3362	__u32 ebx;
3363	__u32 ecx;
3364	__u32 edx;
3365	__u32 padding[3];
3366  };
3367
3368This ioctl returns x86 cpuid features which are emulated by
3369kvm.Userspace can use the information returned by this ioctl to query
3370which features are emulated by kvm instead of being present natively.
3371
3372Userspace invokes KVM_GET_EMULATED_CPUID by passing a kvm_cpuid2
3373structure with the 'nent' field indicating the number of entries in
3374the variable-size array 'entries'. If the number of entries is too low
3375to describe the cpu capabilities, an error (E2BIG) is returned. If the
3376number is too high, the 'nent' field is adjusted and an error (ENOMEM)
3377is returned. If the number is just right, the 'nent' field is adjusted
3378to the number of valid entries in the 'entries' array, which is then
3379filled.
3380
3381The entries returned are the set CPUID bits of the respective features
3382which kvm emulates, as returned by the CPUID instruction, with unknown
3383or unsupported feature bits cleared.
3384
3385Features like x2apic, for example, may not be present in the host cpu
3386but are exposed by kvm in KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID because they can be
3387emulated efficiently and thus not included here.
3388
3389The fields in each entry are defined as follows:
3390
3391  function:
3392	 the eax value used to obtain the entry
3393  index:
3394	 the ecx value used to obtain the entry (for entries that are
3395         affected by ecx)
3396  flags:
3397    an OR of zero or more of the following:
3398
3399        KVM_CPUID_FLAG_SIGNIFCANT_INDEX:
3400           if the index field is valid
3401
3402   eax, ebx, ecx, edx:
3403
3404         the values returned by the cpuid instruction for
3405         this function/index combination
3406
34074.89 KVM_S390_MEM_OP
3408--------------------
3409
3410:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP
3411:Architectures: s390
3412:Type: vcpu ioctl
3413:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_mem_op (in)
3414:Returns: = 0 on success,
3415          < 0 on generic error (e.g. -EFAULT or -ENOMEM),
3416          > 0 if an exception occurred while walking the page tables
3417
3418Read or write data from/to the logical (virtual) memory of a VCPU.
3419
3420Parameters are specified via the following structure::
3421
3422  struct kvm_s390_mem_op {
3423	__u64 gaddr;		/* the guest address */
3424	__u64 flags;		/* flags */
3425	__u32 size;		/* amount of bytes */
3426	__u32 op;		/* type of operation */
3427	__u64 buf;		/* buffer in userspace */
3428	__u8 ar;		/* the access register number */
3429	__u8 reserved[31];	/* should be set to 0 */
3430  };
3431
3432The type of operation is specified in the "op" field. It is either
3433KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_READ for reading from logical memory space or
3434KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_WRITE for writing to logical memory space. The
3435KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY flag can be set in the "flags" field to check
3436whether the corresponding memory access would create an access exception
3437(without touching the data in the memory at the destination). In case an
3438access exception occurred while walking the MMU tables of the guest, the
3439ioctl returns a positive error number to indicate the type of exception.
3440This exception is also raised directly at the corresponding VCPU if the
3441flag KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_INJECT_EXCEPTION is set in the "flags" field.
3442
3443The start address of the memory region has to be specified in the "gaddr"
3444field, and the length of the region in the "size" field (which must not
3445be 0). The maximum value for "size" can be obtained by checking the
3446KVM_CAP_S390_MEM_OP capability. "buf" is the buffer supplied by the
3447userspace application where the read data should be written to for
3448KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_READ, or where the data that should be written is
3449stored for a KVM_S390_MEMOP_LOGICAL_WRITE. When KVM_S390_MEMOP_F_CHECK_ONLY
3450is specified, "buf" is unused and can be NULL. "ar" designates the access
3451register number to be used; the valid range is 0..15.
3452
3453The "reserved" field is meant for future extensions. It is not used by
3454KVM with the currently defined set of flags.
3455
34564.90 KVM_S390_GET_SKEYS
3457-----------------------
3458
3459:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_SKEYS
3460:Architectures: s390
3461:Type: vm ioctl
3462:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_skeys
3463:Returns: 0 on success, KVM_S390_GET_KEYS_NONE if guest is not using storage
3464          keys, negative value on error
3465
3466This ioctl is used to get guest storage key values on the s390
3467architecture. The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_skeys struct::
3468
3469  struct kvm_s390_skeys {
3470	__u64 start_gfn;
3471	__u64 count;
3472	__u64 skeydata_addr;
3473	__u32 flags;
3474	__u32 reserved[9];
3475  };
3476
3477The start_gfn field is the number of the first guest frame whose storage keys
3478you want to get.
3479
3480The count field is the number of consecutive frames (starting from start_gfn)
3481whose storage keys to get. The count field must be at least 1 and the maximum
3482allowed value is defined as KVM_S390_SKEYS_ALLOC_MAX. Values outside this range
3483will cause the ioctl to return -EINVAL.
3484
3485The skeydata_addr field is the address to a buffer large enough to hold count
3486bytes. This buffer will be filled with storage key data by the ioctl.
3487
34884.91 KVM_S390_SET_SKEYS
3489-----------------------
3490
3491:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_SKEYS
3492:Architectures: s390
3493:Type: vm ioctl
3494:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_skeys
3495:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on error
3496
3497This ioctl is used to set guest storage key values on the s390
3498architecture. The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_skeys struct.
3499See section on KVM_S390_GET_SKEYS for struct definition.
3500
3501The start_gfn field is the number of the first guest frame whose storage keys
3502you want to set.
3503
3504The count field is the number of consecutive frames (starting from start_gfn)
3505whose storage keys to get. The count field must be at least 1 and the maximum
3506allowed value is defined as KVM_S390_SKEYS_ALLOC_MAX. Values outside this range
3507will cause the ioctl to return -EINVAL.
3508
3509The skeydata_addr field is the address to a buffer containing count bytes of
3510storage keys. Each byte in the buffer will be set as the storage key for a
3511single frame starting at start_gfn for count frames.
3512
3513Note: If any architecturally invalid key value is found in the given data then
3514the ioctl will return -EINVAL.
3515
35164.92 KVM_S390_IRQ
3517-----------------
3518
3519:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_INJECT_IRQ
3520:Architectures: s390
3521:Type: vcpu ioctl
3522:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_irq (in)
3523:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3524
3525Errors:
3526
3527
3528  ======  =================================================================
3529  EINVAL  interrupt type is invalid
3530          type is KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP and flag parameter is invalid value,
3531          type is KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL and code is bigger
3532          than the maximum of VCPUs
3533  EBUSY   type is KVM_S390_SIGP_SET_PREFIX and vcpu is not stopped,
3534          type is KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP and a stop irq is already pending,
3535          type is KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL and an external call interrupt
3536          is already pending
3537  ======  =================================================================
3538
3539Allows to inject an interrupt to the guest.
3540
3541Using struct kvm_s390_irq as a parameter allows
3542to inject additional payload which is not
3543possible via KVM_S390_INTERRUPT.
3544
3545Interrupt parameters are passed via kvm_s390_irq::
3546
3547  struct kvm_s390_irq {
3548	__u64 type;
3549	union {
3550		struct kvm_s390_io_info io;
3551		struct kvm_s390_ext_info ext;
3552		struct kvm_s390_pgm_info pgm;
3553		struct kvm_s390_emerg_info emerg;
3554		struct kvm_s390_extcall_info extcall;
3555		struct kvm_s390_prefix_info prefix;
3556		struct kvm_s390_stop_info stop;
3557		struct kvm_s390_mchk_info mchk;
3558		char reserved[64];
3559	} u;
3560  };
3561
3562type can be one of the following:
3563
3564- KVM_S390_SIGP_STOP - sigp stop; parameter in .stop
3565- KVM_S390_PROGRAM_INT - program check; parameters in .pgm
3566- KVM_S390_SIGP_SET_PREFIX - sigp set prefix; parameters in .prefix
3567- KVM_S390_RESTART - restart; no parameters
3568- KVM_S390_INT_CLOCK_COMP - clock comparator interrupt; no parameters
3569- KVM_S390_INT_CPU_TIMER - CPU timer interrupt; no parameters
3570- KVM_S390_INT_EMERGENCY - sigp emergency; parameters in .emerg
3571- KVM_S390_INT_EXTERNAL_CALL - sigp external call; parameters in .extcall
3572- KVM_S390_MCHK - machine check interrupt; parameters in .mchk
3573
3574This is an asynchronous vcpu ioctl and can be invoked from any thread.
3575
35764.94 KVM_S390_GET_IRQ_STATE
3577---------------------------
3578
3579:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_IRQ_STATE
3580:Architectures: s390
3581:Type: vcpu ioctl
3582:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_irq_state (out)
3583:Returns: >= number of bytes copied into buffer,
3584          -EINVAL if buffer size is 0,
3585          -ENOBUFS if buffer size is too small to fit all pending interrupts,
3586          -EFAULT if the buffer address was invalid
3587
3588This ioctl allows userspace to retrieve the complete state of all currently
3589pending interrupts in a single buffer. Use cases include migration
3590and introspection. The parameter structure contains the address of a
3591userspace buffer and its length::
3592
3593  struct kvm_s390_irq_state {
3594	__u64 buf;
3595	__u32 flags;        /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
3596	__u32 len;
3597	__u32 reserved[4];  /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
3598  };
3599
3600Userspace passes in the above struct and for each pending interrupt a
3601struct kvm_s390_irq is copied to the provided buffer.
3602
3603The structure contains a flags and a reserved field for future extensions. As
3604the kernel never checked for flags == 0 and QEMU never pre-zeroed flags and
3605reserved, these fields can not be used in the future without breaking
3606compatibility.
3607
3608If -ENOBUFS is returned the buffer provided was too small and userspace
3609may retry with a bigger buffer.
3610
36114.95 KVM_S390_SET_IRQ_STATE
3612---------------------------
3613
3614:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_IRQ_STATE
3615:Architectures: s390
3616:Type: vcpu ioctl
3617:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_irq_state (in)
3618:Returns: 0 on success,
3619          -EFAULT if the buffer address was invalid,
3620          -EINVAL for an invalid buffer length (see below),
3621          -EBUSY if there were already interrupts pending,
3622          errors occurring when actually injecting the
3623          interrupt. See KVM_S390_IRQ.
3624
3625This ioctl allows userspace to set the complete state of all cpu-local
3626interrupts currently pending for the vcpu. It is intended for restoring
3627interrupt state after a migration. The input parameter is a userspace buffer
3628containing a struct kvm_s390_irq_state::
3629
3630  struct kvm_s390_irq_state {
3631	__u64 buf;
3632	__u32 flags;        /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
3633	__u32 len;
3634	__u32 reserved[4];  /* will stay unused for compatibility reasons */
3635  };
3636
3637The restrictions for flags and reserved apply as well.
3638(see KVM_S390_GET_IRQ_STATE)
3639
3640The userspace memory referenced by buf contains a struct kvm_s390_irq
3641for each interrupt to be injected into the guest.
3642If one of the interrupts could not be injected for some reason the
3643ioctl aborts.
3644
3645len must be a multiple of sizeof(struct kvm_s390_irq). It must be > 0
3646and it must not exceed (max_vcpus + 32) * sizeof(struct kvm_s390_irq),
3647which is the maximum number of possibly pending cpu-local interrupts.
3648
36494.96 KVM_SMI
3650------------
3651
3652:Capability: KVM_CAP_X86_SMM
3653:Architectures: x86
3654:Type: vcpu ioctl
3655:Parameters: none
3656:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3657
3658Queues an SMI on the thread's vcpu.
3659
36604.97 KVM_CAP_PPC_MULTITCE
3661-------------------------
3662
3663:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_MULTITCE
3664:Architectures: ppc
3665:Type: vm
3666
3667This capability means the kernel is capable of handling hypercalls
3668H_PUT_TCE_INDIRECT and H_STUFF_TCE without passing those into the user
3669space. This significantly accelerates DMA operations for PPC KVM guests.
3670User space should expect that its handlers for these hypercalls
3671are not going to be called if user space previously registered LIOBN
3672in KVM (via KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE or similar calls).
3673
3674In order to enable H_PUT_TCE_INDIRECT and H_STUFF_TCE use in the guest,
3675user space might have to advertise it for the guest. For example,
3676IBM pSeries (sPAPR) guest starts using them if "hcall-multi-tce" is
3677present in the "ibm,hypertas-functions" device-tree property.
3678
3679The hypercalls mentioned above may or may not be processed successfully
3680in the kernel based fast path. If they can not be handled by the kernel,
3681they will get passed on to user space. So user space still has to have
3682an implementation for these despite the in kernel acceleration.
3683
3684This capability is always enabled.
3685
36864.98 KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE_64
3687----------------------------
3688
3689:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE_64
3690:Architectures: powerpc
3691:Type: vm ioctl
3692:Parameters: struct kvm_create_spapr_tce_64 (in)
3693:Returns: file descriptor for manipulating the created TCE table
3694
3695This is an extension for KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE which only supports 32bit
3696windows, described in 4.62 KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE
3697
3698This capability uses extended struct in ioctl interface::
3699
3700  /* for KVM_CAP_SPAPR_TCE_64 */
3701  struct kvm_create_spapr_tce_64 {
3702	__u64 liobn;
3703	__u32 page_shift;
3704	__u32 flags;
3705	__u64 offset;	/* in pages */
3706	__u64 size; 	/* in pages */
3707  };
3708
3709The aim of extension is to support an additional bigger DMA window with
3710a variable page size.
3711KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE_64 receives a 64bit window size, an IOMMU page shift and
3712a bus offset of the corresponding DMA window, @size and @offset are numbers
3713of IOMMU pages.
3714
3715@flags are not used at the moment.
3716
3717The rest of functionality is identical to KVM_CREATE_SPAPR_TCE.
3718
37194.99 KVM_REINJECT_CONTROL
3720-------------------------
3721
3722:Capability: KVM_CAP_REINJECT_CONTROL
3723:Architectures: x86
3724:Type: vm ioctl
3725:Parameters: struct kvm_reinject_control (in)
3726:Returns: 0 on success,
3727         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
3728         -ENXIO if KVM_CREATE_PIT or KVM_CREATE_PIT2 didn't succeed earlier.
3729
3730i8254 (PIT) has two modes, reinject and !reinject.  The default is reinject,
3731where KVM queues elapsed i8254 ticks and monitors completion of interrupt from
3732vector(s) that i8254 injects.  Reinject mode dequeues a tick and injects its
3733interrupt whenever there isn't a pending interrupt from i8254.
3734!reinject mode injects an interrupt as soon as a tick arrives.
3735
3736::
3737
3738  struct kvm_reinject_control {
3739	__u8 pit_reinject;
3740	__u8 reserved[31];
3741  };
3742
3743pit_reinject = 0 (!reinject mode) is recommended, unless running an old
3744operating system that uses the PIT for timing (e.g. Linux 2.4.x).
3745
37464.100 KVM_PPC_CONFIGURE_V3_MMU
3747------------------------------
3748
3749:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RADIX_MMU or KVM_CAP_PPC_HASH_MMU_V3
3750:Architectures: ppc
3751:Type: vm ioctl
3752:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_mmuv3_cfg (in)
3753:Returns: 0 on success,
3754         -EFAULT if struct kvm_ppc_mmuv3_cfg cannot be read,
3755         -EINVAL if the configuration is invalid
3756
3757This ioctl controls whether the guest will use radix or HPT (hashed
3758page table) translation, and sets the pointer to the process table for
3759the guest.
3760
3761::
3762
3763  struct kvm_ppc_mmuv3_cfg {
3764	__u64	flags;
3765	__u64	process_table;
3766  };
3767
3768There are two bits that can be set in flags; KVM_PPC_MMUV3_RADIX and
3769KVM_PPC_MMUV3_GTSE.  KVM_PPC_MMUV3_RADIX, if set, configures the guest
3770to use radix tree translation, and if clear, to use HPT translation.
3771KVM_PPC_MMUV3_GTSE, if set and if KVM permits it, configures the guest
3772to be able to use the global TLB and SLB invalidation instructions;
3773if clear, the guest may not use these instructions.
3774
3775The process_table field specifies the address and size of the guest
3776process table, which is in the guest's space.  This field is formatted
3777as the second doubleword of the partition table entry, as defined in
3778the Power ISA V3.00, Book III section 5.7.6.1.
3779
37804.101 KVM_PPC_GET_RMMU_INFO
3781---------------------------
3782
3783:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_RADIX_MMU
3784:Architectures: ppc
3785:Type: vm ioctl
3786:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info (out)
3787:Returns: 0 on success,
3788	 -EFAULT if struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info cannot be written,
3789	 -EINVAL if no useful information can be returned
3790
3791This ioctl returns a structure containing two things: (a) a list
3792containing supported radix tree geometries, and (b) a list that maps
3793page sizes to put in the "AP" (actual page size) field for the tlbie
3794(TLB invalidate entry) instruction.
3795
3796::
3797
3798  struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info {
3799	struct kvm_ppc_radix_geom {
3800		__u8	page_shift;
3801		__u8	level_bits[4];
3802		__u8	pad[3];
3803	}	geometries[8];
3804	__u32	ap_encodings[8];
3805  };
3806
3807The geometries[] field gives up to 8 supported geometries for the
3808radix page table, in terms of the log base 2 of the smallest page
3809size, and the number of bits indexed at each level of the tree, from
3810the PTE level up to the PGD level in that order.  Any unused entries
3811will have 0 in the page_shift field.
3812
3813The ap_encodings gives the supported page sizes and their AP field
3814encodings, encoded with the AP value in the top 3 bits and the log
3815base 2 of the page size in the bottom 6 bits.
3816
38174.102 KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE
3818--------------------------------
3819
3820:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_RESIZE_HPT
3821:Architectures: powerpc
3822:Type: vm ioctl
3823:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt (in)
3824:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
3825	 >0 if a new HPT is being prepared, the value is an estimated
3826         number of milliseconds until preparation is complete,
3827         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
3828	 -EINVAL if the supplied shift or flags are invalid,
3829	 -ENOMEM if unable to allocate the new HPT,
3830	 -ENOSPC if there was a hash collision
3831
3832::
3833
3834  struct kvm_ppc_rmmu_info {
3835	struct kvm_ppc_radix_geom {
3836		__u8	page_shift;
3837		__u8	level_bits[4];
3838		__u8	pad[3];
3839	}	geometries[8];
3840	__u32	ap_encodings[8];
3841  };
3842
3843The geometries[] field gives up to 8 supported geometries for the
3844radix page table, in terms of the log base 2 of the smallest page
3845size, and the number of bits indexed at each level of the tree, from
3846the PTE level up to the PGD level in that order.  Any unused entries
3847will have 0 in the page_shift field.
3848
3849The ap_encodings gives the supported page sizes and their AP field
3850encodings, encoded with the AP value in the top 3 bits and the log
3851base 2 of the page size in the bottom 6 bits.
3852
38534.102 KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE
3854--------------------------------
3855
3856:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_RESIZE_HPT
3857:Architectures: powerpc
3858:Type: vm ioctl
3859:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt (in)
3860:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
3861	 >0 if a new HPT is being prepared, the value is an estimated
3862         number of milliseconds until preparation is complete,
3863         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
3864	 -EINVAL if the supplied shift or flags are invalid,when moving existing
3865         HPT entries to the new HPT,
3866	 -EIO on other error conditions
3867
3868Used to implement the PAPR extension for runtime resizing of a guest's
3869Hashed Page Table (HPT).  Specifically this starts, stops or monitors
3870the preparation of a new potential HPT for the guest, essentially
3871implementing the H_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE hypercall.
3872
3873If called with shift > 0 when there is no pending HPT for the guest,
3874this begins preparation of a new pending HPT of size 2^(shift) bytes.
3875It then returns a positive integer with the estimated number of
3876milliseconds until preparation is complete.
3877
3878If called when there is a pending HPT whose size does not match that
3879requested in the parameters, discards the existing pending HPT and
3880creates a new one as above.
3881
3882If called when there is a pending HPT of the size requested, will:
3883
3884  * If preparation of the pending HPT is already complete, return 0
3885  * If preparation of the pending HPT has failed, return an error
3886    code, then discard the pending HPT.
3887  * If preparation of the pending HPT is still in progress, return an
3888    estimated number of milliseconds until preparation is complete.
3889
3890If called with shift == 0, discards any currently pending HPT and
3891returns 0 (i.e. cancels any in-progress preparation).
3892
3893flags is reserved for future expansion, currently setting any bits in
3894flags will result in an -EINVAL.
3895
3896Normally this will be called repeatedly with the same parameters until
3897it returns <= 0.  The first call will initiate preparation, subsequent
3898ones will monitor preparation until it completes or fails.
3899
3900::
3901
3902  struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt {
3903	__u64 flags;
3904	__u32 shift;
3905	__u32 pad;
3906  };
3907
39084.103 KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_COMMIT
3909-------------------------------
3910
3911:Capability: KVM_CAP_SPAPR_RESIZE_HPT
3912:Architectures: powerpc
3913:Type: vm ioctl
3914:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt (in)
3915:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
3916         -EFAULT if struct kvm_reinject_control cannot be read,
3917	 -EINVAL if the supplied shift or flags are invalid,
3918	 -ENXIO is there is no pending HPT, or the pending HPT doesn't
3919         have the requested size,
3920	 -EBUSY if the pending HPT is not fully prepared,
3921	 -ENOSPC if there was a hash collision when moving existing
3922         HPT entries to the new HPT,
3923	 -EIO on other error conditions
3924
3925Used to implement the PAPR extension for runtime resizing of a guest's
3926Hashed Page Table (HPT).  Specifically this requests that the guest be
3927transferred to working with the new HPT, essentially implementing the
3928H_RESIZE_HPT_COMMIT hypercall.
3929
3930This should only be called after KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_PREPARE has
3931returned 0 with the same parameters.  In other cases
3932KVM_PPC_RESIZE_HPT_COMMIT will return an error (usually -ENXIO or
3933-EBUSY, though others may be possible if the preparation was started,
3934but failed).
3935
3936This will have undefined effects on the guest if it has not already
3937placed itself in a quiescent state where no vcpu will make MMU enabled
3938memory accesses.
3939
3940On succsful completion, the pending HPT will become the guest's active
3941HPT and the previous HPT will be discarded.
3942
3943On failure, the guest will still be operating on its previous HPT.
3944
3945::
3946
3947  struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt {
3948	__u64 flags;
3949	__u32 shift;
3950	__u32 pad;
3951  };
3952
39534.104 KVM_X86_GET_MCE_CAP_SUPPORTED
3954-----------------------------------
3955
3956:Capability: KVM_CAP_MCE
3957:Architectures: x86
3958:Type: system ioctl
3959:Parameters: u64 mce_cap (out)
3960:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
3961
3962Returns supported MCE capabilities. The u64 mce_cap parameter
3963has the same format as the MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP register. Supported
3964capabilities will have the corresponding bits set.
3965
39664.105 KVM_X86_SETUP_MCE
3967-----------------------
3968
3969:Capability: KVM_CAP_MCE
3970:Architectures: x86
3971:Type: vcpu ioctl
3972:Parameters: u64 mcg_cap (in)
3973:Returns: 0 on success,
3974         -EFAULT if u64 mcg_cap cannot be read,
3975         -EINVAL if the requested number of banks is invalid,
3976         -EINVAL if requested MCE capability is not supported.
3977
3978Initializes MCE support for use. The u64 mcg_cap parameter
3979has the same format as the MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP register and
3980specifies which capabilities should be enabled. The maximum
3981supported number of error-reporting banks can be retrieved when
3982checking for KVM_CAP_MCE. The supported capabilities can be
3983retrieved with KVM_X86_GET_MCE_CAP_SUPPORTED.
3984
39854.106 KVM_X86_SET_MCE
3986---------------------
3987
3988:Capability: KVM_CAP_MCE
3989:Architectures: x86
3990:Type: vcpu ioctl
3991:Parameters: struct kvm_x86_mce (in)
3992:Returns: 0 on success,
3993         -EFAULT if struct kvm_x86_mce cannot be read,
3994         -EINVAL if the bank number is invalid,
3995         -EINVAL if VAL bit is not set in status field.
3996
3997Inject a machine check error (MCE) into the guest. The input
3998parameter is::
3999
4000  struct kvm_x86_mce {
4001	__u64 status;
4002	__u64 addr;
4003	__u64 misc;
4004	__u64 mcg_status;
4005	__u8 bank;
4006	__u8 pad1[7];
4007	__u64 pad2[3];
4008  };
4009
4010If the MCE being reported is an uncorrected error, KVM will
4011inject it as an MCE exception into the guest. If the guest
4012MCG_STATUS register reports that an MCE is in progress, KVM
4013causes an KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN vmexit.
4014
4015Otherwise, if the MCE is a corrected error, KVM will just
4016store it in the corresponding bank (provided this bank is
4017not holding a previously reported uncorrected error).
4018
40194.107 KVM_S390_GET_CMMA_BITS
4020----------------------------
4021
4022:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_CMMA_MIGRATION
4023:Architectures: s390
4024:Type: vm ioctl
4025:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_cmma_log (in, out)
4026:Returns: 0 on success, a negative value on error
4027
4028This ioctl is used to get the values of the CMMA bits on the s390
4029architecture. It is meant to be used in two scenarios:
4030
4031- During live migration to save the CMMA values. Live migration needs
4032  to be enabled via the KVM_REQ_START_MIGRATION VM property.
4033- To non-destructively peek at the CMMA values, with the flag
4034  KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK set.
4035
4036The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_cmma_log struct. The desired
4037values are written to a buffer whose location is indicated via the "values"
4038member in the kvm_s390_cmma_log struct.  The values in the input struct are
4039also updated as needed.
4040
4041Each CMMA value takes up one byte.
4042
4043::
4044
4045  struct kvm_s390_cmma_log {
4046	__u64 start_gfn;
4047	__u32 count;
4048	__u32 flags;
4049	union {
4050		__u64 remaining;
4051		__u64 mask;
4052	};
4053	__u64 values;
4054  };
4055
4056start_gfn is the number of the first guest frame whose CMMA values are
4057to be retrieved,
4058
4059count is the length of the buffer in bytes,
4060
4061values points to the buffer where the result will be written to.
4062
4063If count is greater than KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX, then it is considered to be
4064KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX. KVM_S390_SKEYS_MAX is re-used for consistency with
4065other ioctls.
4066
4067The result is written in the buffer pointed to by the field values, and
4068the values of the input parameter are updated as follows.
4069
4070Depending on the flags, different actions are performed. The only
4071supported flag so far is KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK.
4072
4073The default behaviour if KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is not set is:
4074start_gfn will indicate the first page frame whose CMMA bits were dirty.
4075It is not necessarily the same as the one passed as input, as clean pages
4076are skipped.
4077
4078count will indicate the number of bytes actually written in the buffer.
4079It can (and very often will) be smaller than the input value, since the
4080buffer is only filled until 16 bytes of clean values are found (which
4081are then not copied in the buffer). Since a CMMA migration block needs
4082the base address and the length, for a total of 16 bytes, we will send
4083back some clean data if there is some dirty data afterwards, as long as
4084the size of the clean data does not exceed the size of the header. This
4085allows to minimize the amount of data to be saved or transferred over
4086the network at the expense of more roundtrips to userspace. The next
4087invocation of the ioctl will skip over all the clean values, saving
4088potentially more than just the 16 bytes we found.
4089
4090If KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is set:
4091the existing storage attributes are read even when not in migration
4092mode, and no other action is performed;
4093
4094the output start_gfn will be equal to the input start_gfn,
4095
4096the output count will be equal to the input count, except if the end of
4097memory has been reached.
4098
4099In both cases:
4100the field "remaining" will indicate the total number of dirty CMMA values
4101still remaining, or 0 if KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is set and migration mode is
4102not enabled.
4103
4104mask is unused.
4105
4106values points to the userspace buffer where the result will be stored.
4107
4108This ioctl can fail with -ENOMEM if not enough memory can be allocated to
4109complete the task, with -ENXIO if CMMA is not enabled, with -EINVAL if
4110KVM_S390_CMMA_PEEK is not set but migration mode was not enabled, with
4111-EFAULT if the userspace address is invalid or if no page table is
4112present for the addresses (e.g. when using hugepages).
4113
41144.108 KVM_S390_SET_CMMA_BITS
4115----------------------------
4116
4117:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_CMMA_MIGRATION
4118:Architectures: s390
4119:Type: vm ioctl
4120:Parameters: struct kvm_s390_cmma_log (in)
4121:Returns: 0 on success, a negative value on error
4122
4123This ioctl is used to set the values of the CMMA bits on the s390
4124architecture. It is meant to be used during live migration to restore
4125the CMMA values, but there are no restrictions on its use.
4126The ioctl takes parameters via the kvm_s390_cmma_values struct.
4127Each CMMA value takes up one byte.
4128
4129::
4130
4131  struct kvm_s390_cmma_log {
4132	__u64 start_gfn;
4133	__u32 count;
4134	__u32 flags;
4135	union {
4136		__u64 remaining;
4137		__u64 mask;
4138 	};
4139	__u64 values;
4140  };
4141
4142start_gfn indicates the starting guest frame number,
4143
4144count indicates how many values are to be considered in the buffer,
4145
4146flags is not used and must be 0.
4147
4148mask indicates which PGSTE bits are to be considered.
4149
4150remaining is not used.
4151
4152values points to the buffer in userspace where to store the values.
4153
4154This ioctl can fail with -ENOMEM if not enough memory can be allocated to
4155complete the task, with -ENXIO if CMMA is not enabled, with -EINVAL if
4156the count field is too large (e.g. more than KVM_S390_CMMA_SIZE_MAX) or
4157if the flags field was not 0, with -EFAULT if the userspace address is
4158invalid, if invalid pages are written to (e.g. after the end of memory)
4159or if no page table is present for the addresses (e.g. when using
4160hugepages).
4161
41624.109 KVM_PPC_GET_CPU_CHAR
4163--------------------------
4164
4165:Capability: KVM_CAP_PPC_GET_CPU_CHAR
4166:Architectures: powerpc
4167:Type: vm ioctl
4168:Parameters: struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char (out)
4169:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
4170	 -EFAULT if struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char cannot be written
4171
4172This ioctl gives userspace information about certain characteristics
4173of the CPU relating to speculative execution of instructions and
4174possible information leakage resulting from speculative execution (see
4175CVE-2017-5715, CVE-2017-5753 and CVE-2017-5754).  The information is
4176returned in struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char, which looks like this::
4177
4178  struct kvm_ppc_cpu_char {
4179	__u64	character;		/* characteristics of the CPU */
4180	__u64	behaviour;		/* recommended software behaviour */
4181	__u64	character_mask;		/* valid bits in character */
4182	__u64	behaviour_mask;		/* valid bits in behaviour */
4183  };
4184
4185For extensibility, the character_mask and behaviour_mask fields
4186indicate which bits of character and behaviour have been filled in by
4187the kernel.  If the set of defined bits is extended in future then
4188userspace will be able to tell whether it is running on a kernel that
4189knows about the new bits.
4190
4191The character field describes attributes of the CPU which can help
4192with preventing inadvertent information disclosure - specifically,
4193whether there is an instruction to flash-invalidate the L1 data cache
4194(ori 30,30,0 or mtspr SPRN_TRIG2,rN), whether the L1 data cache is set
4195to a mode where entries can only be used by the thread that created
4196them, whether the bcctr[l] instruction prevents speculation, and
4197whether a speculation barrier instruction (ori 31,31,0) is provided.
4198
4199The behaviour field describes actions that software should take to
4200prevent inadvertent information disclosure, and thus describes which
4201vulnerabilities the hardware is subject to; specifically whether the
4202L1 data cache should be flushed when returning to user mode from the
4203kernel, and whether a speculation barrier should be placed between an
4204array bounds check and the array access.
4205
4206These fields use the same bit definitions as the new
4207H_GET_CPU_CHARACTERISTICS hypercall.
4208
42094.110 KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_OP
4210---------------------------
4211
4212:Capability: basic
4213:Architectures: x86
4214:Type: system
4215:Parameters: an opaque platform specific structure (in/out)
4216:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
4217
4218If the platform supports creating encrypted VMs then this ioctl can be used
4219for issuing platform-specific memory encryption commands to manage those
4220encrypted VMs.
4221
4222Currently, this ioctl is used for issuing Secure Encrypted Virtualization
4223(SEV) commands on AMD Processors. The SEV commands are defined in
4224Documentation/virt/kvm/amd-memory-encryption.rst.
4225
42264.111 KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION
4227-----------------------------------
4228
4229:Capability: basic
4230:Architectures: x86
4231:Type: system
4232:Parameters: struct kvm_enc_region (in)
4233:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
4234
4235This ioctl can be used to register a guest memory region which may
4236contain encrypted data (e.g. guest RAM, SMRAM etc).
4237
4238It is used in the SEV-enabled guest. When encryption is enabled, a guest
4239memory region may contain encrypted data. The SEV memory encryption
4240engine uses a tweak such that two identical plaintext pages, each at
4241different locations will have differing ciphertexts. So swapping or
4242moving ciphertext of those pages will not result in plaintext being
4243swapped. So relocating (or migrating) physical backing pages for the SEV
4244guest will require some additional steps.
4245
4246Note: The current SEV key management spec does not provide commands to
4247swap or migrate (move) ciphertext pages. Hence, for now we pin the guest
4248memory region registered with the ioctl.
4249
42504.112 KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_UNREG_REGION
4251-------------------------------------
4252
4253:Capability: basic
4254:Architectures: x86
4255:Type: system
4256:Parameters: struct kvm_enc_region (in)
4257:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
4258
4259This ioctl can be used to unregister the guest memory region registered
4260with KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION ioctl above.
4261
42624.113 KVM_HYPERV_EVENTFD
4263------------------------
4264
4265:Capability: KVM_CAP_HYPERV_EVENTFD
4266:Architectures: x86
4267:Type: vm ioctl
4268:Parameters: struct kvm_hyperv_eventfd (in)
4269
4270This ioctl (un)registers an eventfd to receive notifications from the guest on
4271the specified Hyper-V connection id through the SIGNAL_EVENT hypercall, without
4272causing a user exit.  SIGNAL_EVENT hypercall with non-zero event flag number
4273(bits 24-31) still triggers a KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_HCALL user exit.
4274
4275::
4276
4277  struct kvm_hyperv_eventfd {
4278	__u32 conn_id;
4279	__s32 fd;
4280	__u32 flags;
4281	__u32 padding[3];
4282  };
4283
4284The conn_id field should fit within 24 bits::
4285
4286  #define KVM_HYPERV_CONN_ID_MASK		0x00ffffff
4287
4288The acceptable values for the flags field are::
4289
4290  #define KVM_HYPERV_EVENTFD_DEASSIGN	(1 << 0)
4291
4292:Returns: 0 on success,
4293 	  -EINVAL if conn_id or flags is outside the allowed range,
4294	  -ENOENT on deassign if the conn_id isn't registered,
4295	  -EEXIST on assign if the conn_id is already registered
4296
42974.114 KVM_GET_NESTED_STATE
4298--------------------------
4299
4300:Capability: KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE
4301:Architectures: x86
4302:Type: vcpu ioctl
4303:Parameters: struct kvm_nested_state (in/out)
4304:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4305
4306Errors:
4307
4308  =====      =============================================================
4309  E2BIG      the total state size exceeds the value of 'size' specified by
4310             the user; the size required will be written into size.
4311  =====      =============================================================
4312
4313::
4314
4315  struct kvm_nested_state {
4316	__u16 flags;
4317	__u16 format;
4318	__u32 size;
4319
4320	union {
4321		struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_hdr vmx;
4322		struct kvm_svm_nested_state_hdr svm;
4323
4324		/* Pad the header to 128 bytes.  */
4325		__u8 pad[120];
4326	} hdr;
4327
4328	union {
4329		struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_data vmx[0];
4330		struct kvm_svm_nested_state_data svm[0];
4331	} data;
4332  };
4333
4334  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_GUEST_MODE		0x00000001
4335  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_RUN_PENDING		0x00000002
4336  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_EVMCS		0x00000004
4337
4338  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_FORMAT_VMX		0
4339  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_FORMAT_SVM		1
4340
4341  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_VMCS_SIZE	0x1000
4342
4343  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_SMM_GUEST_MODE	0x00000001
4344  #define KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_SMM_VMXON	0x00000002
4345
4346#define KVM_STATE_VMX_PREEMPTION_TIMER_DEADLINE 0x00000001
4347
4348  struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_hdr {
4349	__u64 vmxon_pa;
4350	__u64 vmcs12_pa;
4351
4352	struct {
4353		__u16 flags;
4354	} smm;
4355
4356	__u32 flags;
4357	__u64 preemption_timer_deadline;
4358  };
4359
4360  struct kvm_vmx_nested_state_data {
4361	__u8 vmcs12[KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_VMCS_SIZE];
4362	__u8 shadow_vmcs12[KVM_STATE_NESTED_VMX_VMCS_SIZE];
4363  };
4364
4365This ioctl copies the vcpu's nested virtualization state from the kernel to
4366userspace.
4367
4368The maximum size of the state can be retrieved by passing KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE
4369to the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl().
4370
43714.115 KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE
4372--------------------------
4373
4374:Capability: KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE
4375:Architectures: x86
4376:Type: vcpu ioctl
4377:Parameters: struct kvm_nested_state (in)
4378:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4379
4380This copies the vcpu's kvm_nested_state struct from userspace to the kernel.
4381For the definition of struct kvm_nested_state, see KVM_GET_NESTED_STATE.
4382
43834.116 KVM_(UN)REGISTER_COALESCED_MMIO
4384-------------------------------------
4385
4386:Capability: KVM_CAP_COALESCED_MMIO (for coalesced mmio)
4387	     KVM_CAP_COALESCED_PIO (for coalesced pio)
4388:Architectures: all
4389:Type: vm ioctl
4390:Parameters: struct kvm_coalesced_mmio_zone
4391:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
4392
4393Coalesced I/O is a performance optimization that defers hardware
4394register write emulation so that userspace exits are avoided.  It is
4395typically used to reduce the overhead of emulating frequently accessed
4396hardware registers.
4397
4398When a hardware register is configured for coalesced I/O, write accesses
4399do not exit to userspace and their value is recorded in a ring buffer
4400that is shared between kernel and userspace.
4401
4402Coalesced I/O is used if one or more write accesses to a hardware
4403register can be deferred until a read or a write to another hardware
4404register on the same device.  This last access will cause a vmexit and
4405userspace will process accesses from the ring buffer before emulating
4406it. That will avoid exiting to userspace on repeated writes.
4407
4408Coalesced pio is based on coalesced mmio. There is little difference
4409between coalesced mmio and pio except that coalesced pio records accesses
4410to I/O ports.
4411
44124.117 KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG (vm ioctl)
4413------------------------------------
4414
4415:Capability: KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2
4416:Architectures: x86, arm, arm64, mips
4417:Type: vm ioctl
4418:Parameters: struct kvm_dirty_log (in)
4419:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4420
4421::
4422
4423  /* for KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG */
4424  struct kvm_clear_dirty_log {
4425	__u32 slot;
4426	__u32 num_pages;
4427	__u64 first_page;
4428	union {
4429		void __user *dirty_bitmap; /* one bit per page */
4430		__u64 padding;
4431	};
4432  };
4433
4434The ioctl clears the dirty status of pages in a memory slot, according to
4435the bitmap that is passed in struct kvm_clear_dirty_log's dirty_bitmap
4436field.  Bit 0 of the bitmap corresponds to page "first_page" in the
4437memory slot, and num_pages is the size in bits of the input bitmap.
4438first_page must be a multiple of 64; num_pages must also be a multiple of
443964 unless first_page + num_pages is the size of the memory slot.  For each
4440bit that is set in the input bitmap, the corresponding page is marked "clean"
4441in KVM's dirty bitmap, and dirty tracking is re-enabled for that page
4442(for example via write-protection, or by clearing the dirty bit in
4443a page table entry).
4444
4445If KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE is available, bits 16-31 specifies
4446the address space for which you want to return the dirty bitmap.
4447They must be less than the value that KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION returns for
4448the KVM_CAP_MULTI_ADDRESS_SPACE capability.
4449
4450This ioctl is mostly useful when KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2
4451is enabled; for more information, see the description of the capability.
4452However, it can always be used as long as KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION confirms
4453that KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 is present.
4454
44554.118 KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_HV_CPUID
4456--------------------------------
4457
4458:Capability: KVM_CAP_HYPERV_CPUID
4459:Architectures: x86
4460:Type: vcpu ioctl
4461:Parameters: struct kvm_cpuid2 (in/out)
4462:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4463
4464::
4465
4466  struct kvm_cpuid2 {
4467	__u32 nent;
4468	__u32 padding;
4469	struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 entries[0];
4470  };
4471
4472  struct kvm_cpuid_entry2 {
4473	__u32 function;
4474	__u32 index;
4475	__u32 flags;
4476	__u32 eax;
4477	__u32 ebx;
4478	__u32 ecx;
4479	__u32 edx;
4480	__u32 padding[3];
4481  };
4482
4483This ioctl returns x86 cpuid features leaves related to Hyper-V emulation in
4484KVM.  Userspace can use the information returned by this ioctl to construct
4485cpuid information presented to guests consuming Hyper-V enlightenments (e.g.
4486Windows or Hyper-V guests).
4487
4488CPUID feature leaves returned by this ioctl are defined by Hyper-V Top Level
4489Functional Specification (TLFS). These leaves can't be obtained with
4490KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID ioctl because some of them intersect with KVM feature
4491leaves (0x40000000, 0x40000001).
4492
4493Currently, the following list of CPUID leaves are returned:
4494 - HYPERV_CPUID_VENDOR_AND_MAX_FUNCTIONS
4495 - HYPERV_CPUID_INTERFACE
4496 - HYPERV_CPUID_VERSION
4497 - HYPERV_CPUID_FEATURES
4498 - HYPERV_CPUID_ENLIGHTMENT_INFO
4499 - HYPERV_CPUID_IMPLEMENT_LIMITS
4500 - HYPERV_CPUID_NESTED_FEATURES
4501
4502HYPERV_CPUID_NESTED_FEATURES leaf is only exposed when Enlightened VMCS was
4503enabled on the corresponding vCPU (KVM_CAP_HYPERV_ENLIGHTENED_VMCS).
4504
4505Userspace invokes KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID by passing a kvm_cpuid2 structure
4506with the 'nent' field indicating the number of entries in the variable-size
4507array 'entries'.  If the number of entries is too low to describe all Hyper-V
4508feature leaves, an error (E2BIG) is returned. If the number is more or equal
4509to the number of Hyper-V feature leaves, the 'nent' field is adjusted to the
4510number of valid entries in the 'entries' array, which is then filled.
4511
4512'index' and 'flags' fields in 'struct kvm_cpuid_entry2' are currently reserved,
4513userspace should not expect to get any particular value there.
4514
45154.119 KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE
4516---------------------------
4517
4518:Architectures: arm, arm64
4519:Type: vcpu ioctl
4520:Parameters: int feature (in)
4521:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4522
4523Errors:
4524
4525  ======     ==============================================================
4526  EPERM      feature not enabled, needs configuration, or already finalized
4527  EINVAL     feature unknown or not present
4528  ======     ==============================================================
4529
4530Recognised values for feature:
4531
4532  =====      ===========================================
4533  arm64      KVM_ARM_VCPU_SVE (requires KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE)
4534  =====      ===========================================
4535
4536Finalizes the configuration of the specified vcpu feature.
4537
4538The vcpu must already have been initialised, enabling the affected feature, by
4539means of a successful KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT call with the appropriate flag set in
4540features[].
4541
4542For affected vcpu features, this is a mandatory step that must be performed
4543before the vcpu is fully usable.
4544
4545Between KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT and KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE, the feature may be
4546configured by use of ioctls such as KVM_SET_ONE_REG.  The exact configuration
4547that should be performaned and how to do it are feature-dependent.
4548
4549Other calls that depend on a particular feature being finalized, such as
4550KVM_RUN, KVM_GET_REG_LIST, KVM_GET_ONE_REG and KVM_SET_ONE_REG, will fail with
4551-EPERM unless the feature has already been finalized by means of a
4552KVM_ARM_VCPU_FINALIZE call.
4553
4554See KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT for details of vcpu features that require finalization
4555using this ioctl.
4556
45574.120 KVM_SET_PMU_EVENT_FILTER
4558------------------------------
4559
4560:Capability: KVM_CAP_PMU_EVENT_FILTER
4561:Architectures: x86
4562:Type: vm ioctl
4563:Parameters: struct kvm_pmu_event_filter (in)
4564:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
4565
4566::
4567
4568  struct kvm_pmu_event_filter {
4569	__u32 action;
4570	__u32 nevents;
4571	__u32 fixed_counter_bitmap;
4572	__u32 flags;
4573	__u32 pad[4];
4574	__u64 events[0];
4575  };
4576
4577This ioctl restricts the set of PMU events that the guest can program.
4578The argument holds a list of events which will be allowed or denied.
4579The eventsel+umask of each event the guest attempts to program is compared
4580against the events field to determine whether the guest should have access.
4581The events field only controls general purpose counters; fixed purpose
4582counters are controlled by the fixed_counter_bitmap.
4583
4584No flags are defined yet, the field must be zero.
4585
4586Valid values for 'action'::
4587
4588  #define KVM_PMU_EVENT_ALLOW 0
4589  #define KVM_PMU_EVENT_DENY 1
4590
45914.121 KVM_PPC_SVM_OFF
4592---------------------
4593
4594:Capability: basic
4595:Architectures: powerpc
4596:Type: vm ioctl
4597:Parameters: none
4598:Returns: 0 on successful completion,
4599
4600Errors:
4601
4602  ======     ================================================================
4603  EINVAL     if ultravisor failed to terminate the secure guest
4604  ENOMEM     if hypervisor failed to allocate new radix page tables for guest
4605  ======     ================================================================
4606
4607This ioctl is used to turn off the secure mode of the guest or transition
4608the guest from secure mode to normal mode. This is invoked when the guest
4609is reset. This has no effect if called for a normal guest.
4610
4611This ioctl issues an ultravisor call to terminate the secure guest,
4612unpins the VPA pages and releases all the device pages that are used to
4613track the secure pages by hypervisor.
4614
46154.122 KVM_S390_NORMAL_RESET
4616---------------------------
4617
4618:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_VCPU_RESETS
4619:Architectures: s390
4620:Type: vcpu ioctl
4621:Parameters: none
4622:Returns: 0
4623
4624This ioctl resets VCPU registers and control structures according to
4625the cpu reset definition in the POP (Principles Of Operation).
4626
46274.123 KVM_S390_INITIAL_RESET
4628----------------------------
4629
4630:Capability: none
4631:Architectures: s390
4632:Type: vcpu ioctl
4633:Parameters: none
4634:Returns: 0
4635
4636This ioctl resets VCPU registers and control structures according to
4637the initial cpu reset definition in the POP. However, the cpu is not
4638put into ESA mode. This reset is a superset of the normal reset.
4639
46404.124 KVM_S390_CLEAR_RESET
4641--------------------------
4642
4643:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_VCPU_RESETS
4644:Architectures: s390
4645:Type: vcpu ioctl
4646:Parameters: none
4647:Returns: 0
4648
4649This ioctl resets VCPU registers and control structures according to
4650the clear cpu reset definition in the POP. However, the cpu is not put
4651into ESA mode. This reset is a superset of the initial reset.
4652
4653
46544.125 KVM_S390_PV_COMMAND
4655-------------------------
4656
4657:Capability: KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED
4658:Architectures: s390
4659:Type: vm ioctl
4660:Parameters: struct kvm_pv_cmd
4661:Returns: 0 on success, < 0 on error
4662
4663::
4664
4665  struct kvm_pv_cmd {
4666	__u32 cmd;	/* Command to be executed */
4667	__u16 rc;	/* Ultravisor return code */
4668	__u16 rrc;	/* Ultravisor return reason code */
4669	__u64 data;	/* Data or address */
4670	__u32 flags;    /* flags for future extensions. Must be 0 for now */
4671	__u32 reserved[3];
4672  };
4673
4674cmd values:
4675
4676KVM_PV_ENABLE
4677  Allocate memory and register the VM with the Ultravisor, thereby
4678  donating memory to the Ultravisor that will become inaccessible to
4679  KVM. All existing CPUs are converted to protected ones. After this
4680  command has succeeded, any CPU added via hotplug will become
4681  protected during its creation as well.
4682
4683  Errors:
4684
4685  =====      =============================
4686  EINTR      an unmasked signal is pending
4687  =====      =============================
4688
4689KVM_PV_DISABLE
4690
4691  Deregister the VM from the Ultravisor and reclaim the memory that
4692  had been donated to the Ultravisor, making it usable by the kernel
4693  again.  All registered VCPUs are converted back to non-protected
4694  ones.
4695
4696KVM_PV_VM_SET_SEC_PARMS
4697  Pass the image header from VM memory to the Ultravisor in
4698  preparation of image unpacking and verification.
4699
4700KVM_PV_VM_UNPACK
4701  Unpack (protect and decrypt) a page of the encrypted boot image.
4702
4703KVM_PV_VM_VERIFY
4704  Verify the integrity of the unpacked image. Only if this succeeds,
4705  KVM is allowed to start protected VCPUs.
4706
4707
47085. The kvm_run structure
4709========================
4710
4711Application code obtains a pointer to the kvm_run structure by
4712mmap()ing a vcpu fd.  From that point, application code can control
4713execution by changing fields in kvm_run prior to calling the KVM_RUN
4714ioctl, and obtain information about the reason KVM_RUN returned by
4715looking up structure members.
4716
4717::
4718
4719  struct kvm_run {
4720	/* in */
4721	__u8 request_interrupt_window;
4722
4723Request that KVM_RUN return when it becomes possible to inject external
4724interrupts into the guest.  Useful in conjunction with KVM_INTERRUPT.
4725
4726::
4727
4728	__u8 immediate_exit;
4729
4730This field is polled once when KVM_RUN starts; if non-zero, KVM_RUN
4731exits immediately, returning -EINTR.  In the common scenario where a
4732signal is used to "kick" a VCPU out of KVM_RUN, this field can be used
4733to avoid usage of KVM_SET_SIGNAL_MASK, which has worse scalability.
4734Rather than blocking the signal outside KVM_RUN, userspace can set up
4735a signal handler that sets run->immediate_exit to a non-zero value.
4736
4737This field is ignored if KVM_CAP_IMMEDIATE_EXIT is not available.
4738
4739::
4740
4741	__u8 padding1[6];
4742
4743	/* out */
4744	__u32 exit_reason;
4745
4746When KVM_RUN has returned successfully (return value 0), this informs
4747application code why KVM_RUN has returned.  Allowable values for this
4748field are detailed below.
4749
4750::
4751
4752	__u8 ready_for_interrupt_injection;
4753
4754If request_interrupt_window has been specified, this field indicates
4755an interrupt can be injected now with KVM_INTERRUPT.
4756
4757::
4758
4759	__u8 if_flag;
4760
4761The value of the current interrupt flag.  Only valid if in-kernel
4762local APIC is not used.
4763
4764::
4765
4766	__u16 flags;
4767
4768More architecture-specific flags detailing state of the VCPU that may
4769affect the device's behavior.  The only currently defined flag is
4770KVM_RUN_X86_SMM, which is valid on x86 machines and is set if the
4771VCPU is in system management mode.
4772
4773::
4774
4775	/* in (pre_kvm_run), out (post_kvm_run) */
4776	__u64 cr8;
4777
4778The value of the cr8 register.  Only valid if in-kernel local APIC is
4779not used.  Both input and output.
4780
4781::
4782
4783	__u64 apic_base;
4784
4785The value of the APIC BASE msr.  Only valid if in-kernel local
4786APIC is not used.  Both input and output.
4787
4788::
4789
4790	union {
4791		/* KVM_EXIT_UNKNOWN */
4792		struct {
4793			__u64 hardware_exit_reason;
4794		} hw;
4795
4796If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_UNKNOWN, the vcpu has exited due to unknown
4797reasons.  Further architecture-specific information is available in
4798hardware_exit_reason.
4799
4800::
4801
4802		/* KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY */
4803		struct {
4804			__u64 hardware_entry_failure_reason;
4805			__u32 cpu; /* if KVM_LAST_CPU */
4806		} fail_entry;
4807
4808If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY, the vcpu could not be run due
4809to unknown reasons.  Further architecture-specific information is
4810available in hardware_entry_failure_reason.
4811
4812::
4813
4814		/* KVM_EXIT_EXCEPTION */
4815		struct {
4816			__u32 exception;
4817			__u32 error_code;
4818		} ex;
4819
4820Unused.
4821
4822::
4823
4824		/* KVM_EXIT_IO */
4825		struct {
4826  #define KVM_EXIT_IO_IN  0
4827  #define KVM_EXIT_IO_OUT 1
4828			__u8 direction;
4829			__u8 size; /* bytes */
4830			__u16 port;
4831			__u32 count;
4832			__u64 data_offset; /* relative to kvm_run start */
4833		} io;
4834
4835If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_IO, then the vcpu has
4836executed a port I/O instruction which could not be satisfied by kvm.
4837data_offset describes where the data is located (KVM_EXIT_IO_OUT) or
4838where kvm expects application code to place the data for the next
4839KVM_RUN invocation (KVM_EXIT_IO_IN).  Data format is a packed array.
4840
4841::
4842
4843		/* KVM_EXIT_DEBUG */
4844		struct {
4845			struct kvm_debug_exit_arch arch;
4846		} debug;
4847
4848If the exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_DEBUG, then a vcpu is processing a debug event
4849for which architecture specific information is returned.
4850
4851::
4852
4853		/* KVM_EXIT_MMIO */
4854		struct {
4855			__u64 phys_addr;
4856			__u8  data[8];
4857			__u32 len;
4858			__u8  is_write;
4859		} mmio;
4860
4861If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_MMIO, then the vcpu has
4862executed a memory-mapped I/O instruction which could not be satisfied
4863by kvm.  The 'data' member contains the written data if 'is_write' is
4864true, and should be filled by application code otherwise.
4865
4866The 'data' member contains, in its first 'len' bytes, the value as it would
4867appear if the VCPU performed a load or store of the appropriate width directly
4868to the byte array.
4869
4870.. note::
4871
4872      For KVM_EXIT_IO, KVM_EXIT_MMIO, KVM_EXIT_OSI, KVM_EXIT_PAPR and
4873      KVM_EXIT_EPR the corresponding
4874
4875operations are complete (and guest state is consistent) only after userspace
4876has re-entered the kernel with KVM_RUN.  The kernel side will first finish
4877incomplete operations and then check for pending signals.  Userspace
4878can re-enter the guest with an unmasked signal pending to complete
4879pending operations.
4880
4881::
4882
4883		/* KVM_EXIT_HYPERCALL */
4884		struct {
4885			__u64 nr;
4886			__u64 args[6];
4887			__u64 ret;
4888			__u32 longmode;
4889			__u32 pad;
4890		} hypercall;
4891
4892Unused.  This was once used for 'hypercall to userspace'.  To implement
4893such functionality, use KVM_EXIT_IO (x86) or KVM_EXIT_MMIO (all except s390).
4894
4895.. note:: KVM_EXIT_IO is significantly faster than KVM_EXIT_MMIO.
4896
4897::
4898
4899		/* KVM_EXIT_TPR_ACCESS */
4900		struct {
4901			__u64 rip;
4902			__u32 is_write;
4903			__u32 pad;
4904		} tpr_access;
4905
4906To be documented (KVM_TPR_ACCESS_REPORTING).
4907
4908::
4909
4910		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_SIEIC */
4911		struct {
4912			__u8 icptcode;
4913			__u64 mask; /* psw upper half */
4914			__u64 addr; /* psw lower half */
4915			__u16 ipa;
4916			__u32 ipb;
4917		} s390_sieic;
4918
4919s390 specific.
4920
4921::
4922
4923		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_RESET */
4924  #define KVM_S390_RESET_POR       1
4925  #define KVM_S390_RESET_CLEAR     2
4926  #define KVM_S390_RESET_SUBSYSTEM 4
4927  #define KVM_S390_RESET_CPU_INIT  8
4928  #define KVM_S390_RESET_IPL       16
4929		__u64 s390_reset_flags;
4930
4931s390 specific.
4932
4933::
4934
4935		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_UCONTROL */
4936		struct {
4937			__u64 trans_exc_code;
4938			__u32 pgm_code;
4939		} s390_ucontrol;
4940
4941s390 specific. A page fault has occurred for a user controlled virtual
4942machine (KVM_VM_S390_UNCONTROL) on it's host page table that cannot be
4943resolved by the kernel.
4944The program code and the translation exception code that were placed
4945in the cpu's lowcore are presented here as defined by the z Architecture
4946Principles of Operation Book in the Chapter for Dynamic Address Translation
4947(DAT)
4948
4949::
4950
4951		/* KVM_EXIT_DCR */
4952		struct {
4953			__u32 dcrn;
4954			__u32 data;
4955			__u8  is_write;
4956		} dcr;
4957
4958Deprecated - was used for 440 KVM.
4959
4960::
4961
4962		/* KVM_EXIT_OSI */
4963		struct {
4964			__u64 gprs[32];
4965		} osi;
4966
4967MOL uses a special hypercall interface it calls 'OSI'. To enable it, we catch
4968hypercalls and exit with this exit struct that contains all the guest gprs.
4969
4970If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_OSI, then the vcpu has triggered such a hypercall.
4971Userspace can now handle the hypercall and when it's done modify the gprs as
4972necessary. Upon guest entry all guest GPRs will then be replaced by the values
4973in this struct.
4974
4975::
4976
4977		/* KVM_EXIT_PAPR_HCALL */
4978		struct {
4979			__u64 nr;
4980			__u64 ret;
4981			__u64 args[9];
4982		} papr_hcall;
4983
4984This is used on 64-bit PowerPC when emulating a pSeries partition,
4985e.g. with the 'pseries' machine type in qemu.  It occurs when the
4986guest does a hypercall using the 'sc 1' instruction.  The 'nr' field
4987contains the hypercall number (from the guest R3), and 'args' contains
4988the arguments (from the guest R4 - R12).  Userspace should put the
4989return code in 'ret' and any extra returned values in args[].
4990The possible hypercalls are defined in the Power Architecture Platform
4991Requirements (PAPR) document available from www.power.org (free
4992developer registration required to access it).
4993
4994::
4995
4996		/* KVM_EXIT_S390_TSCH */
4997		struct {
4998			__u16 subchannel_id;
4999			__u16 subchannel_nr;
5000			__u32 io_int_parm;
5001			__u32 io_int_word;
5002			__u32 ipb;
5003			__u8 dequeued;
5004		} s390_tsch;
5005
5006s390 specific. This exit occurs when KVM_CAP_S390_CSS_SUPPORT has been enabled
5007and TEST SUBCHANNEL was intercepted. If dequeued is set, a pending I/O
5008interrupt for the target subchannel has been dequeued and subchannel_id,
5009subchannel_nr, io_int_parm and io_int_word contain the parameters for that
5010interrupt. ipb is needed for instruction parameter decoding.
5011
5012::
5013
5014		/* KVM_EXIT_EPR */
5015		struct {
5016			__u32 epr;
5017		} epr;
5018
5019On FSL BookE PowerPC chips, the interrupt controller has a fast patch
5020interrupt acknowledge path to the core. When the core successfully
5021delivers an interrupt, it automatically populates the EPR register with
5022the interrupt vector number and acknowledges the interrupt inside
5023the interrupt controller.
5024
5025In case the interrupt controller lives in user space, we need to do
5026the interrupt acknowledge cycle through it to fetch the next to be
5027delivered interrupt vector using this exit.
5028
5029It gets triggered whenever both KVM_CAP_PPC_EPR are enabled and an
5030external interrupt has just been delivered into the guest. User space
5031should put the acknowledged interrupt vector into the 'epr' field.
5032
5033::
5034
5035		/* KVM_EXIT_SYSTEM_EVENT */
5036		struct {
5037  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SHUTDOWN       1
5038  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_RESET          2
5039  #define KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_CRASH          3
5040			__u32 type;
5041			__u64 flags;
5042		} system_event;
5043
5044If exit_reason is KVM_EXIT_SYSTEM_EVENT then the vcpu has triggered
5045a system-level event using some architecture specific mechanism (hypercall
5046or some special instruction). In case of ARM/ARM64, this is triggered using
5047HVC instruction based PSCI call from the vcpu. The 'type' field describes
5048the system-level event type. The 'flags' field describes architecture
5049specific flags for the system-level event.
5050
5051Valid values for 'type' are:
5052
5053 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_SHUTDOWN -- the guest has requested a shutdown of the
5054   VM. Userspace is not obliged to honour this, and if it does honour
5055   this does not need to destroy the VM synchronously (ie it may call
5056   KVM_RUN again before shutdown finally occurs).
5057 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_RESET -- the guest has requested a reset of the VM.
5058   As with SHUTDOWN, userspace can choose to ignore the request, or
5059   to schedule the reset to occur in the future and may call KVM_RUN again.
5060 - KVM_SYSTEM_EVENT_CRASH -- the guest crash occurred and the guest
5061   has requested a crash condition maintenance. Userspace can choose
5062   to ignore the request, or to gather VM memory core dump and/or
5063   reset/shutdown of the VM.
5064
5065::
5066
5067		/* KVM_EXIT_IOAPIC_EOI */
5068		struct {
5069			__u8 vector;
5070		} eoi;
5071
5072Indicates that the VCPU's in-kernel local APIC received an EOI for a
5073level-triggered IOAPIC interrupt.  This exit only triggers when the
5074IOAPIC is implemented in userspace (i.e. KVM_CAP_SPLIT_IRQCHIP is enabled);
5075the userspace IOAPIC should process the EOI and retrigger the interrupt if
5076it is still asserted.  Vector is the LAPIC interrupt vector for which the
5077EOI was received.
5078
5079::
5080
5081		struct kvm_hyperv_exit {
5082  #define KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNIC          1
5083  #define KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_HCALL          2
5084  #define KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNDBG         3
5085			__u32 type;
5086			__u32 pad1;
5087			union {
5088				struct {
5089					__u32 msr;
5090					__u32 pad2;
5091					__u64 control;
5092					__u64 evt_page;
5093					__u64 msg_page;
5094				} synic;
5095				struct {
5096					__u64 input;
5097					__u64 result;
5098					__u64 params[2];
5099				} hcall;
5100				struct {
5101					__u32 msr;
5102					__u32 pad2;
5103					__u64 control;
5104					__u64 status;
5105					__u64 send_page;
5106					__u64 recv_page;
5107					__u64 pending_page;
5108				} syndbg;
5109			} u;
5110		};
5111		/* KVM_EXIT_HYPERV */
5112                struct kvm_hyperv_exit hyperv;
5113
5114Indicates that the VCPU exits into userspace to process some tasks
5115related to Hyper-V emulation.
5116
5117Valid values for 'type' are:
5118
5119	- KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNIC -- synchronously notify user-space about
5120
5121Hyper-V SynIC state change. Notification is used to remap SynIC
5122event/message pages and to enable/disable SynIC messages/events processing
5123in userspace.
5124
5125	- KVM_EXIT_HYPERV_SYNDBG -- synchronously notify user-space about
5126
5127Hyper-V Synthetic debugger state change. Notification is used to either update
5128the pending_page location or to send a control command (send the buffer located
5129in send_page or recv a buffer to recv_page).
5130
5131::
5132
5133		/* KVM_EXIT_ARM_NISV */
5134		struct {
5135			__u64 esr_iss;
5136			__u64 fault_ipa;
5137		} arm_nisv;
5138
5139Used on arm and arm64 systems. If a guest accesses memory not in a memslot,
5140KVM will typically return to userspace and ask it to do MMIO emulation on its
5141behalf. However, for certain classes of instructions, no instruction decode
5142(direction, length of memory access) is provided, and fetching and decoding
5143the instruction from the VM is overly complicated to live in the kernel.
5144
5145Historically, when this situation occurred, KVM would print a warning and kill
5146the VM. KVM assumed that if the guest accessed non-memslot memory, it was
5147trying to do I/O, which just couldn't be emulated, and the warning message was
5148phrased accordingly. However, what happened more often was that a guest bug
5149caused access outside the guest memory areas which should lead to a more
5150meaningful warning message and an external abort in the guest, if the access
5151did not fall within an I/O window.
5152
5153Userspace implementations can query for KVM_CAP_ARM_NISV_TO_USER, and enable
5154this capability at VM creation. Once this is done, these types of errors will
5155instead return to userspace with KVM_EXIT_ARM_NISV, with the valid bits from
5156the HSR (arm) and ESR_EL2 (arm64) in the esr_iss field, and the faulting IPA
5157in the fault_ipa field. Userspace can either fix up the access if it's
5158actually an I/O access by decoding the instruction from guest memory (if it's
5159very brave) and continue executing the guest, or it can decide to suspend,
5160dump, or restart the guest.
5161
5162Note that KVM does not skip the faulting instruction as it does for
5163KVM_EXIT_MMIO, but userspace has to emulate any change to the processing state
5164if it decides to decode and emulate the instruction.
5165
5166::
5167
5168		/* Fix the size of the union. */
5169		char padding[256];
5170	};
5171
5172	/*
5173	 * shared registers between kvm and userspace.
5174	 * kvm_valid_regs specifies the register classes set by the host
5175	 * kvm_dirty_regs specified the register classes dirtied by userspace
5176	 * struct kvm_sync_regs is architecture specific, as well as the
5177	 * bits for kvm_valid_regs and kvm_dirty_regs
5178	 */
5179	__u64 kvm_valid_regs;
5180	__u64 kvm_dirty_regs;
5181	union {
5182		struct kvm_sync_regs regs;
5183		char padding[SYNC_REGS_SIZE_BYTES];
5184	} s;
5185
5186If KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS is defined, these fields allow userspace to access
5187certain guest registers without having to call SET/GET_*REGS. Thus we can
5188avoid some system call overhead if userspace has to handle the exit.
5189Userspace can query the validity of the structure by checking
5190kvm_valid_regs for specific bits. These bits are architecture specific
5191and usually define the validity of a groups of registers. (e.g. one bit
5192for general purpose registers)
5193
5194Please note that the kernel is allowed to use the kvm_run structure as the
5195primary storage for certain register types. Therefore, the kernel may use the
5196values in kvm_run even if the corresponding bit in kvm_dirty_regs is not set.
5197
5198::
5199
5200  };
5201
5202
5203
52046. Capabilities that can be enabled on vCPUs
5205============================================
5206
5207There are certain capabilities that change the behavior of the virtual CPU or
5208the virtual machine when enabled. To enable them, please see section 4.37.
5209Below you can find a list of capabilities and what their effect on the vCPU or
5210the virtual machine is when enabling them.
5211
5212The following information is provided along with the description:
5213
5214  Architectures:
5215      which instruction set architectures provide this ioctl.
5216      x86 includes both i386 and x86_64.
5217
5218  Target:
5219      whether this is a per-vcpu or per-vm capability.
5220
5221  Parameters:
5222      what parameters are accepted by the capability.
5223
5224  Returns:
5225      the return value.  General error numbers (EBADF, ENOMEM, EINVAL)
5226      are not detailed, but errors with specific meanings are.
5227
5228
52296.1 KVM_CAP_PPC_OSI
5230-------------------
5231
5232:Architectures: ppc
5233:Target: vcpu
5234:Parameters: none
5235:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
5236
5237This capability enables interception of OSI hypercalls that otherwise would
5238be treated as normal system calls to be injected into the guest. OSI hypercalls
5239were invented by Mac-on-Linux to have a standardized communication mechanism
5240between the guest and the host.
5241
5242When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_OSI can occur.
5243
5244
52456.2 KVM_CAP_PPC_PAPR
5246--------------------
5247
5248:Architectures: ppc
5249:Target: vcpu
5250:Parameters: none
5251:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
5252
5253This capability enables interception of PAPR hypercalls. PAPR hypercalls are
5254done using the hypercall instruction "sc 1".
5255
5256It also sets the guest privilege level to "supervisor" mode. Usually the guest
5257runs in "hypervisor" privilege mode with a few missing features.
5258
5259In addition to the above, it changes the semantics of SDR1. In this mode, the
5260HTAB address part of SDR1 contains an HVA instead of a GPA, as PAPR keeps the
5261HTAB invisible to the guest.
5262
5263When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_PAPR_HCALL can occur.
5264
5265
52666.3 KVM_CAP_SW_TLB
5267------------------
5268
5269:Architectures: ppc
5270:Target: vcpu
5271:Parameters: args[0] is the address of a struct kvm_config_tlb
5272:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
5273
5274::
5275
5276  struct kvm_config_tlb {
5277	__u64 params;
5278	__u64 array;
5279	__u32 mmu_type;
5280	__u32 array_len;
5281  };
5282
5283Configures the virtual CPU's TLB array, establishing a shared memory area
5284between userspace and KVM.  The "params" and "array" fields are userspace
5285addresses of mmu-type-specific data structures.  The "array_len" field is an
5286safety mechanism, and should be set to the size in bytes of the memory that
5287userspace has reserved for the array.  It must be at least the size dictated
5288by "mmu_type" and "params".
5289
5290While KVM_RUN is active, the shared region is under control of KVM.  Its
5291contents are undefined, and any modification by userspace results in
5292boundedly undefined behavior.
5293
5294On return from KVM_RUN, the shared region will reflect the current state of
5295the guest's TLB.  If userspace makes any changes, it must call KVM_DIRTY_TLB
5296to tell KVM which entries have been changed, prior to calling KVM_RUN again
5297on this vcpu.
5298
5299For mmu types KVM_MMU_FSL_BOOKE_NOHV and KVM_MMU_FSL_BOOKE_HV:
5300
5301 - The "params" field is of type "struct kvm_book3e_206_tlb_params".
5302 - The "array" field points to an array of type "struct
5303   kvm_book3e_206_tlb_entry".
5304 - The array consists of all entries in the first TLB, followed by all
5305   entries in the second TLB.
5306 - Within a TLB, entries are ordered first by increasing set number.  Within a
5307   set, entries are ordered by way (increasing ESEL).
5308 - The hash for determining set number in TLB0 is: (MAS2 >> 12) & (num_sets - 1)
5309   where "num_sets" is the tlb_sizes[] value divided by the tlb_ways[] value.
5310 - The tsize field of mas1 shall be set to 4K on TLB0, even though the
5311   hardware ignores this value for TLB0.
5312
53136.4 KVM_CAP_S390_CSS_SUPPORT
5314----------------------------
5315
5316:Architectures: s390
5317:Target: vcpu
5318:Parameters: none
5319:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
5320
5321This capability enables support for handling of channel I/O instructions.
5322
5323TEST PENDING INTERRUPTION and the interrupt portion of TEST SUBCHANNEL are
5324handled in-kernel, while the other I/O instructions are passed to userspace.
5325
5326When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_S390_TSCH will occur on TEST
5327SUBCHANNEL intercepts.
5328
5329Note that even though this capability is enabled per-vcpu, the complete
5330virtual machine is affected.
5331
53326.5 KVM_CAP_PPC_EPR
5333-------------------
5334
5335:Architectures: ppc
5336:Target: vcpu
5337:Parameters: args[0] defines whether the proxy facility is active
5338:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
5339
5340This capability enables or disables the delivery of interrupts through the
5341external proxy facility.
5342
5343When enabled (args[0] != 0), every time the guest gets an external interrupt
5344delivered, it automatically exits into user space with a KVM_EXIT_EPR exit
5345to receive the topmost interrupt vector.
5346
5347When disabled (args[0] == 0), behavior is as if this facility is unsupported.
5348
5349When this capability is enabled, KVM_EXIT_EPR can occur.
5350
53516.6 KVM_CAP_IRQ_MPIC
5352--------------------
5353
5354:Architectures: ppc
5355:Parameters: args[0] is the MPIC device fd;
5356             args[1] is the MPIC CPU number for this vcpu
5357
5358This capability connects the vcpu to an in-kernel MPIC device.
5359
53606.7 KVM_CAP_IRQ_XICS
5361--------------------
5362
5363:Architectures: ppc
5364:Target: vcpu
5365:Parameters: args[0] is the XICS device fd;
5366             args[1] is the XICS CPU number (server ID) for this vcpu
5367
5368This capability connects the vcpu to an in-kernel XICS device.
5369
53706.8 KVM_CAP_S390_IRQCHIP
5371------------------------
5372
5373:Architectures: s390
5374:Target: vm
5375:Parameters: none
5376
5377This capability enables the in-kernel irqchip for s390. Please refer to
5378"4.24 KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP" for details.
5379
53806.9 KVM_CAP_MIPS_FPU
5381--------------------
5382
5383:Architectures: mips
5384:Target: vcpu
5385:Parameters: args[0] is reserved for future use (should be 0).
5386
5387This capability allows the use of the host Floating Point Unit by the guest. It
5388allows the Config1.FP bit to be set to enable the FPU in the guest. Once this is
5389done the ``KVM_REG_MIPS_FPR_*`` and ``KVM_REG_MIPS_FCR_*`` registers can be
5390accessed (depending on the current guest FPU register mode), and the Status.FR,
5391Config5.FRE bits are accessible via the KVM API and also from the guest,
5392depending on them being supported by the FPU.
5393
53946.10 KVM_CAP_MIPS_MSA
5395---------------------
5396
5397:Architectures: mips
5398:Target: vcpu
5399:Parameters: args[0] is reserved for future use (should be 0).
5400
5401This capability allows the use of the MIPS SIMD Architecture (MSA) by the guest.
5402It allows the Config3.MSAP bit to be set to enable the use of MSA by the guest.
5403Once this is done the ``KVM_REG_MIPS_VEC_*`` and ``KVM_REG_MIPS_MSA_*``
5404registers can be accessed, and the Config5.MSAEn bit is accessible via the
5405KVM API and also from the guest.
5406
54076.74 KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS
5408----------------------
5409
5410:Architectures: s390, x86
5411:Target: s390: always enabled, x86: vcpu
5412:Parameters: none
5413:Returns: x86: KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION returns a bit-array indicating which register
5414          sets are supported
5415          (bitfields defined in arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h).
5416
5417As described above in the kvm_sync_regs struct info in section 5 (kvm_run):
5418KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS "allow[s] userspace to access certain guest registers
5419without having to call SET/GET_*REGS". This reduces overhead by eliminating
5420repeated ioctl calls for setting and/or getting register values. This is
5421particularly important when userspace is making synchronous guest state
5422modifications, e.g. when emulating and/or intercepting instructions in
5423userspace.
5424
5425For s390 specifics, please refer to the source code.
5426
5427For x86:
5428
5429- the register sets to be copied out to kvm_run are selectable
5430  by userspace (rather that all sets being copied out for every exit).
5431- vcpu_events are available in addition to regs and sregs.
5432
5433For x86, the 'kvm_valid_regs' field of struct kvm_run is overloaded to
5434function as an input bit-array field set by userspace to indicate the
5435specific register sets to be copied out on the next exit.
5436
5437To indicate when userspace has modified values that should be copied into
5438the vCPU, the all architecture bitarray field, 'kvm_dirty_regs' must be set.
5439This is done using the same bitflags as for the 'kvm_valid_regs' field.
5440If the dirty bit is not set, then the register set values will not be copied
5441into the vCPU even if they've been modified.
5442
5443Unused bitfields in the bitarrays must be set to zero.
5444
5445::
5446
5447  struct kvm_sync_regs {
5448        struct kvm_regs regs;
5449        struct kvm_sregs sregs;
5450        struct kvm_vcpu_events events;
5451  };
5452
54536.75 KVM_CAP_PPC_IRQ_XIVE
5454-------------------------
5455
5456:Architectures: ppc
5457:Target: vcpu
5458:Parameters: args[0] is the XIVE device fd;
5459             args[1] is the XIVE CPU number (server ID) for this vcpu
5460
5461This capability connects the vcpu to an in-kernel XIVE device.
5462
54637. Capabilities that can be enabled on VMs
5464==========================================
5465
5466There are certain capabilities that change the behavior of the virtual
5467machine when enabled. To enable them, please see section 4.37. Below
5468you can find a list of capabilities and what their effect on the VM
5469is when enabling them.
5470
5471The following information is provided along with the description:
5472
5473  Architectures:
5474      which instruction set architectures provide this ioctl.
5475      x86 includes both i386 and x86_64.
5476
5477  Parameters:
5478      what parameters are accepted by the capability.
5479
5480  Returns:
5481      the return value.  General error numbers (EBADF, ENOMEM, EINVAL)
5482      are not detailed, but errors with specific meanings are.
5483
5484
54857.1 KVM_CAP_PPC_ENABLE_HCALL
5486----------------------------
5487
5488:Architectures: ppc
5489:Parameters: args[0] is the sPAPR hcall number;
5490	     args[1] is 0 to disable, 1 to enable in-kernel handling
5491
5492This capability controls whether individual sPAPR hypercalls (hcalls)
5493get handled by the kernel or not.  Enabling or disabling in-kernel
5494handling of an hcall is effective across the VM.  On creation, an
5495initial set of hcalls are enabled for in-kernel handling, which
5496consists of those hcalls for which in-kernel handlers were implemented
5497before this capability was implemented.  If disabled, the kernel will
5498not to attempt to handle the hcall, but will always exit to userspace
5499to handle it.  Note that it may not make sense to enable some and
5500disable others of a group of related hcalls, but KVM does not prevent
5501userspace from doing that.
5502
5503If the hcall number specified is not one that has an in-kernel
5504implementation, the KVM_ENABLE_CAP ioctl will fail with an EINVAL
5505error.
5506
55077.2 KVM_CAP_S390_USER_SIGP
5508--------------------------
5509
5510:Architectures: s390
5511:Parameters: none
5512
5513This capability controls which SIGP orders will be handled completely in user
5514space. With this capability enabled, all fast orders will be handled completely
5515in the kernel:
5516
5517- SENSE
5518- SENSE RUNNING
5519- EXTERNAL CALL
5520- EMERGENCY SIGNAL
5521- CONDITIONAL EMERGENCY SIGNAL
5522
5523All other orders will be handled completely in user space.
5524
5525Only privileged operation exceptions will be checked for in the kernel (or even
5526in the hardware prior to interception). If this capability is not enabled, the
5527old way of handling SIGP orders is used (partially in kernel and user space).
5528
55297.3 KVM_CAP_S390_VECTOR_REGISTERS
5530---------------------------------
5531
5532:Architectures: s390
5533:Parameters: none
5534:Returns: 0 on success, negative value on error
5535
5536Allows use of the vector registers introduced with z13 processor, and
5537provides for the synchronization between host and user space.  Will
5538return -EINVAL if the machine does not support vectors.
5539
55407.4 KVM_CAP_S390_USER_STSI
5541--------------------------
5542
5543:Architectures: s390
5544:Parameters: none
5545
5546This capability allows post-handlers for the STSI instruction. After
5547initial handling in the kernel, KVM exits to user space with
5548KVM_EXIT_S390_STSI to allow user space to insert further data.
5549
5550Before exiting to userspace, kvm handlers should fill in s390_stsi field of
5551vcpu->run::
5552
5553  struct {
5554	__u64 addr;
5555	__u8 ar;
5556	__u8 reserved;
5557	__u8 fc;
5558	__u8 sel1;
5559	__u16 sel2;
5560  } s390_stsi;
5561
5562  @addr - guest address of STSI SYSIB
5563  @fc   - function code
5564  @sel1 - selector 1
5565  @sel2 - selector 2
5566  @ar   - access register number
5567
5568KVM handlers should exit to userspace with rc = -EREMOTE.
5569
55707.5 KVM_CAP_SPLIT_IRQCHIP
5571-------------------------
5572
5573:Architectures: x86
5574:Parameters: args[0] - number of routes reserved for userspace IOAPICs
5575:Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error
5576
5577Create a local apic for each processor in the kernel. This can be used
5578instead of KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP if the userspace VMM wishes to emulate the
5579IOAPIC and PIC (and also the PIT, even though this has to be enabled
5580separately).
5581
5582This capability also enables in kernel routing of interrupt requests;
5583when KVM_CAP_SPLIT_IRQCHIP only routes of KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI type are
5584used in the IRQ routing table.  The first args[0] MSI routes are reserved
5585for the IOAPIC pins.  Whenever the LAPIC receives an EOI for these routes,
5586a KVM_EXIT_IOAPIC_EOI vmexit will be reported to userspace.
5587
5588Fails if VCPU has already been created, or if the irqchip is already in the
5589kernel (i.e. KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP has already been called).
5590
55917.6 KVM_CAP_S390_RI
5592-------------------
5593
5594:Architectures: s390
5595:Parameters: none
5596
5597Allows use of runtime-instrumentation introduced with zEC12 processor.
5598Will return -EINVAL if the machine does not support runtime-instrumentation.
5599Will return -EBUSY if a VCPU has already been created.
5600
56017.7 KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API
5602----------------------
5603
5604:Architectures: x86
5605:Parameters: args[0] - features that should be enabled
5606:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when args[0] contains invalid features
5607
5608Valid feature flags in args[0] are::
5609
5610  #define KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS            (1ULL << 0)
5611  #define KVM_X2APIC_API_DISABLE_BROADCAST_QUIRK  (1ULL << 1)
5612
5613Enabling KVM_X2APIC_API_USE_32BIT_IDS changes the behavior of
5614KVM_SET_GSI_ROUTING, KVM_SIGNAL_MSI, KVM_SET_LAPIC, and KVM_GET_LAPIC,
5615allowing the use of 32-bit APIC IDs.  See KVM_CAP_X2APIC_API in their
5616respective sections.
5617
5618KVM_X2APIC_API_DISABLE_BROADCAST_QUIRK must be enabled for x2APIC to work
5619in logical mode or with more than 255 VCPUs.  Otherwise, KVM treats 0xff
5620as a broadcast even in x2APIC mode in order to support physical x2APIC
5621without interrupt remapping.  This is undesirable in logical mode,
5622where 0xff represents CPUs 0-7 in cluster 0.
5623
56247.8 KVM_CAP_S390_USER_INSTR0
5625----------------------------
5626
5627:Architectures: s390
5628:Parameters: none
5629
5630With this capability enabled, all illegal instructions 0x0000 (2 bytes) will
5631be intercepted and forwarded to user space. User space can use this
5632mechanism e.g. to realize 2-byte software breakpoints. The kernel will
5633not inject an operating exception for these instructions, user space has
5634to take care of that.
5635
5636This capability can be enabled dynamically even if VCPUs were already
5637created and are running.
5638
56397.9 KVM_CAP_S390_GS
5640-------------------
5641
5642:Architectures: s390
5643:Parameters: none
5644:Returns: 0 on success; -EINVAL if the machine does not support
5645          guarded storage; -EBUSY if a VCPU has already been created.
5646
5647Allows use of guarded storage for the KVM guest.
5648
56497.10 KVM_CAP_S390_AIS
5650---------------------
5651
5652:Architectures: s390
5653:Parameters: none
5654
5655Allow use of adapter-interruption suppression.
5656:Returns: 0 on success; -EBUSY if a VCPU has already been created.
5657
56587.11 KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT
5659--------------------
5660
5661:Architectures: ppc
5662:Parameters: vsmt_mode, flags
5663
5664Enabling this capability on a VM provides userspace with a way to set
5665the desired virtual SMT mode (i.e. the number of virtual CPUs per
5666virtual core).  The virtual SMT mode, vsmt_mode, must be a power of 2
5667between 1 and 8.  On POWER8, vsmt_mode must also be no greater than
5668the number of threads per subcore for the host.  Currently flags must
5669be 0.  A successful call to enable this capability will result in
5670vsmt_mode being returned when the KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT capability is
5671subsequently queried for the VM.  This capability is only supported by
5672HV KVM, and can only be set before any VCPUs have been created.
5673The KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT_POSSIBLE capability indicates which virtual SMT
5674modes are available.
5675
56767.12 KVM_CAP_PPC_FWNMI
5677----------------------
5678
5679:Architectures: ppc
5680:Parameters: none
5681
5682With this capability a machine check exception in the guest address
5683space will cause KVM to exit the guest with NMI exit reason. This
5684enables QEMU to build error log and branch to guest kernel registered
5685machine check handling routine. Without this capability KVM will
5686branch to guests' 0x200 interrupt vector.
5687
56887.13 KVM_CAP_X86_DISABLE_EXITS
5689------------------------------
5690
5691:Architectures: x86
5692:Parameters: args[0] defines which exits are disabled
5693:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when args[0] contains invalid exits
5694
5695Valid bits in args[0] are::
5696
5697  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_MWAIT            (1 << 0)
5698  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_HLT              (1 << 1)
5699  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_PAUSE            (1 << 2)
5700  #define KVM_X86_DISABLE_EXITS_CSTATE           (1 << 3)
5701
5702Enabling this capability on a VM provides userspace with a way to no
5703longer intercept some instructions for improved latency in some
5704workloads, and is suggested when vCPUs are associated to dedicated
5705physical CPUs.  More bits can be added in the future; userspace can
5706just pass the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION result to KVM_ENABLE_CAP to disable
5707all such vmexits.
5708
5709Do not enable KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT if you disable HLT exits.
5710
57117.14 KVM_CAP_S390_HPAGE_1M
5712--------------------------
5713
5714:Architectures: s390
5715:Parameters: none
5716:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL if hpage module parameter was not set
5717	  or cmma is enabled, or the VM has the KVM_VM_S390_UCONTROL
5718	  flag set
5719
5720With this capability the KVM support for memory backing with 1m pages
5721through hugetlbfs can be enabled for a VM. After the capability is
5722enabled, cmma can't be enabled anymore and pfmfi and the storage key
5723interpretation are disabled. If cmma has already been enabled or the
5724hpage module parameter is not set to 1, -EINVAL is returned.
5725
5726While it is generally possible to create a huge page backed VM without
5727this capability, the VM will not be able to run.
5728
57297.15 KVM_CAP_MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
5730------------------------------
5731
5732:Architectures: x86
5733:Parameters: args[0] whether feature should be enabled or not
5734
5735With this capability, a guest may read the MSR_PLATFORM_INFO MSR. Otherwise,
5736a #GP would be raised when the guest tries to access. Currently, this
5737capability does not enable write permissions of this MSR for the guest.
5738
57397.16 KVM_CAP_PPC_NESTED_HV
5740--------------------------
5741
5742:Architectures: ppc
5743:Parameters: none
5744:Returns: 0 on success, -EINVAL when the implementation doesn't support
5745	  nested-HV virtualization.
5746
5747HV-KVM on POWER9 and later systems allows for "nested-HV"
5748virtualization, which provides a way for a guest VM to run guests that
5749can run using the CPU's supervisor mode (privileged non-hypervisor
5750state).  Enabling this capability on a VM depends on the CPU having
5751the necessary functionality and on the facility being enabled with a
5752kvm-hv module parameter.
5753
57547.17 KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD
5755------------------------------
5756
5757:Architectures: x86
5758:Parameters: args[0] whether feature should be enabled or not
5759
5760With this capability enabled, CR2 will not be modified prior to the
5761emulated VM-exit when L1 intercepts a #PF exception that occurs in
5762L2. Similarly, for kvm-intel only, DR6 will not be modified prior to
5763the emulated VM-exit when L1 intercepts a #DB exception that occurs in
5764L2. As a result, when KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS reports a pending #PF (or
5765#DB) exception for L2, exception.has_payload will be set and the
5766faulting address (or the new DR6 bits*) will be reported in the
5767exception_payload field. Similarly, when userspace injects a #PF (or
5768#DB) into L2 using KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS, it is expected to set
5769exception.has_payload and to put the faulting address - or the new DR6
5770bits\ [#]_ - in the exception_payload field.
5771
5772This capability also enables exception.pending in struct
5773kvm_vcpu_events, which allows userspace to distinguish between pending
5774and injected exceptions.
5775
5776
5777.. [#] For the new DR6 bits, note that bit 16 is set iff the #DB exception
5778       will clear DR6.RTM.
5779
57807.18 KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2
5781
5782:Architectures: x86, arm, arm64, mips
5783:Parameters: args[0] whether feature should be enabled or not
5784
5785Valid flags are::
5786
5787  #define KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE   (1 << 0)
5788  #define KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET           (1 << 1)
5789
5790With KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE is set, KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG will not
5791automatically clear and write-protect all pages that are returned as dirty.
5792Rather, userspace will have to do this operation separately using
5793KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG.
5794
5795At the cost of a slightly more complicated operation, this provides better
5796scalability and responsiveness for two reasons.  First,
5797KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG ioctl can operate on a 64-page granularity rather
5798than requiring to sync a full memslot; this ensures that KVM does not
5799take spinlocks for an extended period of time.  Second, in some cases a
5800large amount of time can pass between a call to KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG and
5801userspace actually using the data in the page.  Pages can be modified
5802during this time, which is inefficient for both the guest and userspace:
5803the guest will incur a higher penalty due to write protection faults,
5804while userspace can see false reports of dirty pages.  Manual reprotection
5805helps reducing this time, improving guest performance and reducing the
5806number of dirty log false positives.
5807
5808With KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET set, all the bits of the dirty bitmap
5809will be initialized to 1 when created.  This also improves performance because
5810dirty logging can be enabled gradually in small chunks on the first call
5811to KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG.  KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET depends on
5812KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE (it is also only available on
5813x86 and arm64 for now).
5814
5815KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 was previously available under the name
5816KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT, but the implementation had bugs that make
5817it hard or impossible to use it correctly.  The availability of
5818KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT2 signals that those bugs are fixed.
5819Userspace should not try to use KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT.
5820
58217.19 KVM_CAP_PPC_SECURE_GUEST
5822------------------------------
5823
5824:Architectures: ppc
5825
5826This capability indicates that KVM is running on a host that has
5827ultravisor firmware and thus can support a secure guest.  On such a
5828system, a guest can ask the ultravisor to make it a secure guest,
5829one whose memory is inaccessible to the host except for pages which
5830are explicitly requested to be shared with the host.  The ultravisor
5831notifies KVM when a guest requests to become a secure guest, and KVM
5832has the opportunity to veto the transition.
5833
5834If present, this capability can be enabled for a VM, meaning that KVM
5835will allow the transition to secure guest mode.  Otherwise KVM will
5836veto the transition.
5837
58387.20 KVM_CAP_HALT_POLL
5839----------------------
5840
5841:Architectures: all
5842:Target: VM
5843:Parameters: args[0] is the maximum poll time in nanoseconds
5844:Returns: 0 on success; -1 on error
5845
5846This capability overrides the kvm module parameter halt_poll_ns for the
5847target VM.
5848
5849VCPU polling allows a VCPU to poll for wakeup events instead of immediately
5850scheduling during guest halts. The maximum time a VCPU can spend polling is
5851controlled by the kvm module parameter halt_poll_ns. This capability allows
5852the maximum halt time to specified on a per-VM basis, effectively overriding
5853the module parameter for the target VM.
5854
58558. Other capabilities.
5856======================
5857
5858This section lists capabilities that give information about other
5859features of the KVM implementation.
5860
58618.1 KVM_CAP_PPC_HWRNG
5862---------------------
5863
5864:Architectures: ppc
5865
5866This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
5867available, means that the kernel has an implementation of the
5868H_RANDOM hypercall backed by a hardware random-number generator.
5869If present, the kernel H_RANDOM handler can be enabled for guest use
5870with the KVM_CAP_PPC_ENABLE_HCALL capability.
5871
58728.2 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC
5873------------------------
5874
5875:Architectures: x86
5876
5877This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
5878available, means that the kernel has an implementation of the
5879Hyper-V Synthetic interrupt controller(SynIC). Hyper-V SynIC is
5880used to support Windows Hyper-V based guest paravirt drivers(VMBus).
5881
5882In order to use SynIC, it has to be activated by setting this
5883capability via KVM_ENABLE_CAP ioctl on the vcpu fd. Note that this
5884will disable the use of APIC hardware virtualization even if supported
5885by the CPU, as it's incompatible with SynIC auto-EOI behavior.
5886
58878.3 KVM_CAP_PPC_RADIX_MMU
5888-------------------------
5889
5890:Architectures: ppc
5891
5892This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
5893available, means that the kernel can support guests using the
5894radix MMU defined in Power ISA V3.00 (as implemented in the POWER9
5895processor).
5896
58978.4 KVM_CAP_PPC_HASH_MMU_V3
5898---------------------------
5899
5900:Architectures: ppc
5901
5902This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is
5903available, means that the kernel can support guests using the
5904hashed page table MMU defined in Power ISA V3.00 (as implemented in
5905the POWER9 processor), including in-memory segment tables.
5906
59078.5 KVM_CAP_MIPS_VZ
5908-------------------
5909
5910:Architectures: mips
5911
5912This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on the main kvm handle indicates that
5913it is available, means that full hardware assisted virtualization capabilities
5914of the hardware are available for use through KVM. An appropriate
5915KVM_VM_MIPS_* type must be passed to KVM_CREATE_VM to create a VM which
5916utilises it.
5917
5918If KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on a kvm VM handle indicates that this capability is
5919available, it means that the VM is using full hardware assisted virtualization
5920capabilities of the hardware. This is useful to check after creating a VM with
5921KVM_VM_MIPS_DEFAULT.
5922
5923The value returned by KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION should be compared against known
5924values (see below). All other values are reserved. This is to allow for the
5925possibility of other hardware assisted virtualization implementations which
5926may be incompatible with the MIPS VZ ASE.
5927
5928==  ==========================================================================
5929 0  The trap & emulate implementation is in use to run guest code in user
5930    mode. Guest virtual memory segments are rearranged to fit the guest in the
5931    user mode address space.
5932
5933 1  The MIPS VZ ASE is in use, providing full hardware assisted
5934    virtualization, including standard guest virtual memory segments.
5935==  ==========================================================================
5936
59378.6 KVM_CAP_MIPS_TE
5938-------------------
5939
5940:Architectures: mips
5941
5942This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on the main kvm handle indicates that
5943it is available, means that the trap & emulate implementation is available to
5944run guest code in user mode, even if KVM_CAP_MIPS_VZ indicates that hardware
5945assisted virtualisation is also available. KVM_VM_MIPS_TE (0) must be passed
5946to KVM_CREATE_VM to create a VM which utilises it.
5947
5948If KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on a kvm VM handle indicates that this capability is
5949available, it means that the VM is using trap & emulate.
5950
59518.7 KVM_CAP_MIPS_64BIT
5952----------------------
5953
5954:Architectures: mips
5955
5956This capability indicates the supported architecture type of the guest, i.e. the
5957supported register and address width.
5958
5959The values returned when this capability is checked by KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION on a
5960kvm VM handle correspond roughly to the CP0_Config.AT register field, and should
5961be checked specifically against known values (see below). All other values are
5962reserved.
5963
5964==  ========================================================================
5965 0  MIPS32 or microMIPS32.
5966    Both registers and addresses are 32-bits wide.
5967    It will only be possible to run 32-bit guest code.
5968
5969 1  MIPS64 or microMIPS64 with access only to 32-bit compatibility segments.
5970    Registers are 64-bits wide, but addresses are 32-bits wide.
5971    64-bit guest code may run but cannot access MIPS64 memory segments.
5972    It will also be possible to run 32-bit guest code.
5973
5974 2  MIPS64 or microMIPS64 with access to all address segments.
5975    Both registers and addresses are 64-bits wide.
5976    It will be possible to run 64-bit or 32-bit guest code.
5977==  ========================================================================
5978
59798.9 KVM_CAP_ARM_USER_IRQ
5980------------------------
5981
5982:Architectures: arm, arm64
5983
5984This capability, if KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION indicates that it is available, means
5985that if userspace creates a VM without an in-kernel interrupt controller, it
5986will be notified of changes to the output level of in-kernel emulated devices,
5987which can generate virtual interrupts, presented to the VM.
5988For such VMs, on every return to userspace, the kernel
5989updates the vcpu's run->s.regs.device_irq_level field to represent the actual
5990output level of the device.
5991
5992Whenever kvm detects a change in the device output level, kvm guarantees at
5993least one return to userspace before running the VM.  This exit could either
5994be a KVM_EXIT_INTR or any other exit event, like KVM_EXIT_MMIO. This way,
5995userspace can always sample the device output level and re-compute the state of
5996the userspace interrupt controller.  Userspace should always check the state
5997of run->s.regs.device_irq_level on every kvm exit.
5998The value in run->s.regs.device_irq_level can represent both level and edge
5999triggered interrupt signals, depending on the device.  Edge triggered interrupt
6000signals will exit to userspace with the bit in run->s.regs.device_irq_level
6001set exactly once per edge signal.
6002
6003The field run->s.regs.device_irq_level is available independent of
6004run->kvm_valid_regs or run->kvm_dirty_regs bits.
6005
6006If KVM_CAP_ARM_USER_IRQ is supported, the KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION ioctl returns a
6007number larger than 0 indicating the version of this capability is implemented
6008and thereby which bits in run->s.regs.device_irq_level can signal values.
6009
6010Currently the following bits are defined for the device_irq_level bitmap::
6011
6012  KVM_CAP_ARM_USER_IRQ >= 1:
6013
6014    KVM_ARM_DEV_EL1_VTIMER -  EL1 virtual timer
6015    KVM_ARM_DEV_EL1_PTIMER -  EL1 physical timer
6016    KVM_ARM_DEV_PMU        -  ARM PMU overflow interrupt signal
6017
6018Future versions of kvm may implement additional events. These will get
6019indicated by returning a higher number from KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION and will be
6020listed above.
6021
60228.10 KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT_POSSIBLE
6023-----------------------------
6024
6025:Architectures: ppc
6026
6027Querying this capability returns a bitmap indicating the possible
6028virtual SMT modes that can be set using KVM_CAP_PPC_SMT.  If bit N
6029(counting from the right) is set, then a virtual SMT mode of 2^N is
6030available.
6031
60328.11 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC2
6033--------------------------
6034
6035:Architectures: x86
6036
6037This capability enables a newer version of Hyper-V Synthetic interrupt
6038controller (SynIC).  The only difference with KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SYNIC is that KVM
6039doesn't clear SynIC message and event flags pages when they are enabled by
6040writing to the respective MSRs.
6041
60428.12 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_VP_INDEX
6043----------------------------
6044
6045:Architectures: x86
6046
6047This capability indicates that userspace can load HV_X64_MSR_VP_INDEX msr.  Its
6048value is used to denote the target vcpu for a SynIC interrupt.  For
6049compatibilty, KVM initializes this msr to KVM's internal vcpu index.  When this
6050capability is absent, userspace can still query this msr's value.
6051
60528.13 KVM_CAP_S390_AIS_MIGRATION
6053-------------------------------
6054
6055:Architectures: s390
6056:Parameters: none
6057
6058This capability indicates if the flic device will be able to get/set the
6059AIS states for migration via the KVM_DEV_FLIC_AISM_ALL attribute and allows
6060to discover this without having to create a flic device.
6061
60628.14 KVM_CAP_S390_PSW
6063---------------------
6064
6065:Architectures: s390
6066
6067This capability indicates that the PSW is exposed via the kvm_run structure.
6068
60698.15 KVM_CAP_S390_GMAP
6070----------------------
6071
6072:Architectures: s390
6073
6074This capability indicates that the user space memory used as guest mapping can
6075be anywhere in the user memory address space, as long as the memory slots are
6076aligned and sized to a segment (1MB) boundary.
6077
60788.16 KVM_CAP_S390_COW
6079---------------------
6080
6081:Architectures: s390
6082
6083This capability indicates that the user space memory used as guest mapping can
6084use copy-on-write semantics as well as dirty pages tracking via read-only page
6085tables.
6086
60878.17 KVM_CAP_S390_BPB
6088---------------------
6089
6090:Architectures: s390
6091
6092This capability indicates that kvm will implement the interfaces to handle
6093reset, migration and nested KVM for branch prediction blocking. The stfle
6094facility 82 should not be provided to the guest without this capability.
6095
60968.18 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_TLBFLUSH
6097----------------------------
6098
6099:Architectures: x86
6100
6101This capability indicates that KVM supports paravirtualized Hyper-V TLB Flush
6102hypercalls:
6103HvFlushVirtualAddressSpace, HvFlushVirtualAddressSpaceEx,
6104HvFlushVirtualAddressList, HvFlushVirtualAddressListEx.
6105
61068.19 KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_SERROR_ESR
6107----------------------------------
6108
6109:Architectures: arm, arm64
6110
6111This capability indicates that userspace can specify (via the
6112KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS ioctl) the syndrome value reported to the guest when it
6113takes a virtual SError interrupt exception.
6114If KVM advertises this capability, userspace can only specify the ISS field for
6115the ESR syndrome. Other parts of the ESR, such as the EC are generated by the
6116CPU when the exception is taken. If this virtual SError is taken to EL1 using
6117AArch64, this value will be reported in the ISS field of ESR_ELx.
6118
6119See KVM_CAP_VCPU_EVENTS for more details.
6120
61218.20 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_SEND_IPI
6122----------------------------
6123
6124:Architectures: x86
6125
6126This capability indicates that KVM supports paravirtualized Hyper-V IPI send
6127hypercalls:
6128HvCallSendSyntheticClusterIpi, HvCallSendSyntheticClusterIpiEx.
6129
61308.21 KVM_CAP_HYPERV_DIRECT_TLBFLUSH
6131-----------------------------------
6132
6133:Architecture: x86
6134
6135This capability indicates that KVM running on top of Hyper-V hypervisor
6136enables Direct TLB flush for its guests meaning that TLB flush
6137hypercalls are handled by Level 0 hypervisor (Hyper-V) bypassing KVM.
6138Due to the different ABI for hypercall parameters between Hyper-V and
6139KVM, enabling this capability effectively disables all hypercall
6140handling by KVM (as some KVM hypercall may be mistakenly treated as TLB
6141flush hypercalls by Hyper-V) so userspace should disable KVM identification
6142in CPUID and only exposes Hyper-V identification. In this case, guest
6143thinks it's running on Hyper-V and only use Hyper-V hypercalls.
6144
61458.22 KVM_CAP_S390_VCPU_RESETS
6146
6147Architectures: s390
6148
6149This capability indicates that the KVM_S390_NORMAL_RESET and
6150KVM_S390_CLEAR_RESET ioctls are available.
6151
61528.23 KVM_CAP_S390_PROTECTED
6153
6154Architecture: s390
6155
6156
6157This capability indicates that the Ultravisor has been initialized and
6158KVM can therefore start protected VMs.
6159This capability governs the KVM_S390_PV_COMMAND ioctl and the
6160KVM_MP_STATE_LOAD MP_STATE. KVM_SET_MP_STATE can fail for protected
6161guests when the state change is invalid.
6162