1Renesas R-Car sound
2
3=============================================
4* Modules
5=============================================
6
7Renesas R-Car sound is constructed from below modules
8(for Gen2 or later)
9
10 SCU		: Sampling Rate Converter Unit
11  - SRC		: Sampling Rate Converter
12  - CMD
13   - CTU	: Channel Transfer Unit
14   - MIX	: Mixer
15   - DVC	: Digital Volume and Mute Function
16 SSIU		: Serial Sound Interface Unit
17 SSI		: Serial Sound Interface
18
19See detail of each module's channels, connection, limitation on datasheet
20
21=============================================
22* Multi channel
23=============================================
24
25Multi channel is supported by Multi-SSI, or TDM-SSI.
26
27 Multi-SSI	: 6ch case, you can use stereo x 3 SSI
28 TDM-SSI	: 6ch case, you can use TDM
29
30=============================================
31* Enable/Disable each modules
32=============================================
33
34See datasheet to check SRC/CTU/MIX/DVC connect-limitation.
35DT controls enabling/disabling module.
36${LINUX}/arch/arm/boot/dts/r8a7790-lager.dts can be good example.
37This is example of
38
39Playback: [MEM] -> [SRC2] -> [DVC0] -> [SSIU0/SSI0] -> [codec]
40Capture:  [MEM] <- [DVC1] <- [SRC3] <- [SSIU1/SSI1] <- [codec]
41
42	&rcar_sound {
43		...
44		rcar_sound,dai {
45			dai0 {
46				playback = <&ssi0 &src2 &dvc0>;
47				capture  = <&ssi1 &src3 &dvc1>;
48			};
49		};
50	};
51
52You can use below.
53${LINUX}/arch/arm/boot/dts/r8a7790.dts can be good example.
54
55	&src0	&ctu00	&mix0	&dvc0	&ssi0
56	&src1	&ctu01	&mix1	&dvc1	&ssi1
57	&src2	&ctu02			&ssi2
58	&src3	&ctu03			&ssi3
59	&src4				&ssi4
60	&src5	&ctu10			&ssi5
61	&src6	&ctu11			&ssi6
62	&src7	&ctu12			&ssi7
63	&src8	&ctu13			&ssi8
64	&src9				&ssi9
65
66=============================================
67* SRC (Sampling Rate Converter)
68=============================================
69
70 [xx]Hz        [yy]Hz
71 ------> [SRC] ------>
72
73SRC can convert [xx]Hz to [yy]Hz. Then, it has below 2 modes
74
75 Asynchronous mode:	input data / output data are based on different clocks.
76			you can use this mode on Playback / Capture
77 Synchronous mode:	input data / output data are based on same clocks.
78			This mode will be used if system doesn't have its input clock,
79			for example digital TV case.
80			you can use this mode on Playback
81
82------------------
83**     Asynchronous mode
84------------------
85
86You need to use "renesas,rsrc-card" sound card for it.
87example)
88
89	sound {
90		compatible = "renesas,rsrc-card";
91		...
92		/*
93		 * SRC Asynchronous mode setting
94		 * Playback:
95		 * All input data will be converted to 48kHz
96		 * Capture:
97		 * Inputed 48kHz data will be converted to
98		 * system specified Hz
99		 */
100		convert-rate = <48000>;
101		...
102		cpu {
103			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound>;
104		};
105		codec {
106			...
107		};
108	};
109
110------------------
111**     Synchronous mode
112------------------
113
114	> amixer set "SRC Out Rate" on
115	> aplay xxxx.wav
116	> amixer set "SRC Out Rate" 48000
117	> amixer set "SRC Out Rate" 44100
118
119=============================================
120* CTU (Channel Transfer Unit)
121=============================================
122
123 [xx]ch        [yy]ch
124 ------> [CTU] -------->
125
126CTU can convert [xx]ch to [yy]ch, or exchange outputed channel.
127CTU conversion needs matrix settings.
128For more detail information, see below
129
130	Renesas R-Car datasheet
131	 - Sampling Rate Converter Unit (SCU)
132	  - SCU Operation
133	   - CMD Block
134	    - Functional Blocks in CMD
135
136	Renesas R-Car datasheet
137	 - Sampling Rate Converter Unit (SCU)
138	  - Register Description
139	   - CTUn Scale Value exx Register (CTUn_SVxxR)
140
141	${LINUX}/sound/soc/sh/rcar/ctu.c
142	 - comment of header
143
144You need to use "renesas,rsrc-card" sound card for it.
145example)
146
147	sound {
148		compatible = "renesas,rsrc-card";
149		...
150		/*
151		 * CTU setting
152		 * All input data will be converted to 2ch
153		 * as output data
154		 */
155		convert-channels = <2>;
156		...
157		cpu {
158			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound>;
159		};
160		codec {
161			...
162		};
163	};
164
165Ex) Exchange output channel
166 Input -> Output
167  1ch  ->  0ch
168  0ch  ->  1ch
169
170  example of using matrix
171	output 0ch = (input 0ch x 0) + (input 1ch x 1)
172	output 1ch = (input 0ch x 1) + (input 1ch x 0)
173
174	amixer set "CTU Reset" on
175	amixer set "CTU Pass" 9,10
176	amixer set "CTU SV0" 0,4194304
177	amixer set "CTU SV1" 4194304,0
178
179 example of changing connection
180	amixer set "CTU Reset" on
181	amixer set "CTU Pass" 2,1
182
183=============================================
184* MIX (Mixer)
185=============================================
186
187MIX merges 2 sounds path. You can see 2 sound interface on system,
188and these sounds will be merged by MIX.
189
190	aplay -D plughw:0,0 xxxx.wav &
191	aplay -D plughw:0,1 yyyy.wav
192
193You need to use "renesas,rsrc-card" sound card for it.
194Ex)
195	[MEM] -> [SRC1] -> [CTU02] -+-> [MIX0] -> [DVC0] -> [SSI0]
196	                            |
197	[MEM] -> [SRC2] -> [CTU03] -+
198
199	sound {
200		compatible = "renesas,rsrc-card";
201		...
202		cpu@0 {
203			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound 0>;
204		};
205		cpu@1 {
206			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound 1>;
207		};
208		codec {
209			...
210		};
211	};
212
213	&rcar_sound {
214		...
215		rcar_sound,dai {
216			dai0 {
217				playback = <&src1 &ctu02 &mix0 &dvc0 &ssi0>;
218			};
219			dai1 {
220				playback = <&src2 &ctu03 &mix0 &dvc0 &ssi0>;
221			};
222		};
223	};
224
225=============================================
226* DVC (Digital Volume and Mute Function)
227=============================================
228
229DVC controls Playback/Capture volume.
230
231Playback Volume
232	amixer set "DVC Out" 100%
233
234Capture Volume
235	amixer set "DVC In" 100%
236
237Playback Mute
238	amixer set "DVC Out Mute" on
239
240Capture Mute
241	amixer set "DVC In Mute" on
242
243Volume Ramp
244	amixer set "DVC Out Ramp Up Rate"   "0.125 dB/64 steps"
245	amixer set "DVC Out Ramp Down Rate" "0.125 dB/512 steps"
246	amixer set "DVC Out Ramp" on
247	aplay xxx.wav &
248	amixer set "DVC Out"  80%  // Volume Down
249	amixer set "DVC Out" 100%  // Volume Up
250
251=============================================
252* SSIU (Serial Sound Interface Unit)
253=============================================
254
255There is no DT settings for SSIU, because SSIU will be automatically
256selected via SSI.
257SSIU can avoid some under/over run error, because it has some buffer.
258But you can't use it if SSI was PIO mode.
259In DMA mode, you can select not to use SSIU by using "no-busif" on DT.
260
261	&ssi0 {
262		no-busif;
263	};
264
265=============================================
266* SSI (Serial Sound Interface)
267=============================================
268
269**  PIO mode
270
271You can use PIO mode which is for connection check by using.
272Note: The system will drop non-SSI modules in PIO mode
273even though if DT is selecting other modules.
274
275	&ssi0 {
276		pio-transfer
277	};
278
279** DMA mode without SSIU
280
281You can use DMA without SSIU.
282Note: under/over run, or noise are likely to occur
283
284	&ssi0 {
285		no-busif;
286	};
287
288** PIN sharing
289
290Each SSI can share WS pin. It is based on platform.
291This is example if SSI1 want to share WS pin with SSI0
292
293	&ssi1 {
294		shared-pin;
295	};
296
297** Multi-SSI
298
299You can use Multi-SSI.
300This is example of SSI0/SSI1/SSI2 (= for 6ch)
301
302	&rcar_sound {
303		...
304		rcar_sound,dai {
305			dai0 {
306				playback = <&ssi0 &ssi1 &ssi2 &src0 &dvc0>;
307			};
308		};
309	};
310
311** TDM-SSI
312
313You can use TDM with SSI.
314This is example of TDM 6ch.
315Driver can automatically switches TDM <-> stereo mode in this case.
316
317	rsnd_tdm: sound {
318		compatible = "simple-audio-card";
319		...
320		simple-audio-card,cpu {
321			/* system can use TDM 6ch */
322			dai-tdm-slot-num = <6>;
323			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound>;
324		};
325		simple-audio-card,codec {
326			...
327		};
328	};
329
330
331=============================================
332Required properties:
333=============================================
334
335- compatible			: "renesas,rcar_sound-<soctype>", fallbacks
336				  "renesas,rcar_sound-gen1" if generation1, and
337				  "renesas,rcar_sound-gen2" if generation2
338				  "renesas,rcar_sound-gen3" if generation3
339				  Examples with soctypes are:
340				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7778" (R-Car M1A)
341				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7779" (R-Car H1)
342				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7790" (R-Car H2)
343				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7791" (R-Car M2-W)
344				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7793" (R-Car M2-N)
345				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7794" (R-Car E2)
346				    - "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7795" (R-Car H3)
347- reg				: Should contain the register physical address.
348				  required register is
349				   SRU/ADG/SSI      if generation1
350				   SRU/ADG/SSIU/SSI if generation2
351- rcar_sound,ssi		: Should contain SSI feature.
352				  The number of SSI subnode should be same as HW.
353				  see below for detail.
354- rcar_sound,src		: Should contain SRC feature.
355				  The number of SRC subnode should be same as HW.
356				  see below for detail.
357- rcar_sound,ctu		: Should contain CTU feature.
358				  The number of CTU subnode should be same as HW.
359				  see below for detail.
360- rcar_sound,mix		: Should contain MIX feature.
361				  The number of MIX subnode should be same as HW.
362				  see below for detail.
363- rcar_sound,dvc		: Should contain DVC feature.
364				  The number of DVC subnode should be same as HW.
365				  see below for detail.
366- rcar_sound,dai		: DAI contents.
367				  The number of DAI subnode should be same as HW.
368				  see below for detail.
369- #sound-dai-cells		: it must be 0 if your system is using single DAI
370				  it must be 1 if your system is using multi  DAI
371
372Optional properties:
373- #clock-cells			: it must be 0 if your system has audio_clkout
374				  it must be 1 if your system has audio_clkout0/1/2/3
375- clock-frequency		: for all audio_clkout0/1/2/3
376- clkout-lr-asynchronous	: boolean property. it indicates that audio_clkoutn
377				  is asynchronizes with lr-clock.
378
379SSI subnode properties:
380- interrupts			: Should contain SSI interrupt for PIO transfer
381- shared-pin			: if shared clock pin
382- pio-transfer			: use PIO transfer mode
383- no-busif			: BUSIF is not ussed when [mem -> SSI] via DMA case
384- dma				: Should contain Audio DMAC entry
385- dma-names			: SSI  case "rx"  (=playback), "tx"  (=capture)
386				  SSIU case "rxu" (=playback), "txu" (=capture)
387
388SRC subnode properties:
389- dma				: Should contain Audio DMAC entry
390- dma-names			: "rx" (=playback), "tx" (=capture)
391
392DVC subnode properties:
393- dma				: Should contain Audio DMAC entry
394- dma-names			: "tx" (=playback/capture)
395
396DAI subnode properties:
397- playback			: list of playback modules
398- capture			: list of capture  modules
399
400
401=============================================
402Example:
403=============================================
404
405rcar_sound: sound@ec500000 {
406	#sound-dai-cells = <1>;
407	compatible = "renesas,rcar_sound-r8a7791", "renesas,rcar_sound-gen2";
408	reg =	<0 0xec500000 0 0x1000>, /* SCU */
409		<0 0xec5a0000 0 0x100>,  /* ADG */
410		<0 0xec540000 0 0x1000>, /* SSIU */
411		<0 0xec541000 0 0x1280>, /* SSI */
412		<0 0xec740000 0 0x200>;  /* Audio DMAC peri peri*/
413	reg-names = "scu", "adg", "ssiu", "ssi", "audmapp";
414
415	clocks = <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI_ALL>,
416		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI9>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI8>,
417		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI7>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI6>,
418		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI5>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI4>,
419		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI3>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI2>,
420		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI1>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SSI0>,
421		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC9>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC8>,
422		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC7>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC6>,
423		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC5>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC4>,
424		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC3>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC2>,
425		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC1>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_SRC0>,
426		<&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_DVC0>, <&mstp10_clks R8A7790_CLK_SCU_DVC1>,
427		<&audio_clk_a>, <&audio_clk_b>, <&audio_clk_c>, <&m2_clk>;
428	clock-names = "ssi-all",
429			"ssi.9", "ssi.8", "ssi.7", "ssi.6", "ssi.5",
430			"ssi.4", "ssi.3", "ssi.2", "ssi.1", "ssi.0",
431			"src.9", "src.8", "src.7", "src.6", "src.5",
432			"src.4", "src.3", "src.2", "src.1", "src.0",
433			"dvc.0", "dvc.1",
434			"clk_a", "clk_b", "clk_c", "clk_i";
435
436	rcar_sound,dvc {
437		dvc0: dvc@0 {
438			dmas = <&audma0 0xbc>;
439			dma-names = "tx";
440		};
441		dvc1: dvc@1 {
442			dmas = <&audma0 0xbe>;
443			dma-names = "tx";
444		};
445	};
446
447	rcar_sound,mix {
448		mix0: mix@0 { };
449		mix1: mix@1 { };
450	};
451
452	rcar_sound,ctu {
453		ctu00: ctu@0 { };
454		ctu01: ctu@1 { };
455		ctu02: ctu@2 { };
456		ctu03: ctu@3 { };
457		ctu10: ctu@4 { };
458		ctu11: ctu@5 { };
459		ctu12: ctu@6 { };
460		ctu13: ctu@7 { };
461	};
462
463	rcar_sound,src {
464		src0: src@0 {
465			interrupts = <0 352 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
466			dmas = <&audma0 0x85>, <&audma1 0x9a>;
467			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
468		};
469		src1: src@1 {
470			interrupts = <0 353 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
471			dmas = <&audma0 0x87>, <&audma1 0x9c>;
472			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
473		};
474		src2: src@2 {
475			interrupts = <0 354 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
476			dmas = <&audma0 0x89>, <&audma1 0x9e>;
477			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
478		};
479		src3: src@3 {
480			interrupts = <0 355 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
481			dmas = <&audma0 0x8b>, <&audma1 0xa0>;
482			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
483		};
484		src4: src@4 {
485			interrupts = <0 356 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
486			dmas = <&audma0 0x8d>, <&audma1 0xb0>;
487			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
488		};
489		src5: src@5 {
490			interrupts = <0 357 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
491			dmas = <&audma0 0x8f>, <&audma1 0xb2>;
492			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
493		};
494		src6: src@6 {
495			interrupts = <0 358 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
496			dmas = <&audma0 0x91>, <&audma1 0xb4>;
497			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
498		};
499		src7: src@7 {
500			interrupts = <0 359 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
501			dmas = <&audma0 0x93>, <&audma1 0xb6>;
502			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
503		};
504		src8: src@8 {
505			interrupts = <0 360 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
506			dmas = <&audma0 0x95>, <&audma1 0xb8>;
507			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
508		};
509		src9: src@9 {
510			interrupts = <0 361 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
511			dmas = <&audma0 0x97>, <&audma1 0xba>;
512			dma-names = "rx", "tx";
513		};
514	};
515
516	rcar_sound,ssi {
517		ssi0: ssi@0 {
518			interrupts = <0 370 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
519			dmas = <&audma0 0x01>, <&audma1 0x02>, <&audma0 0x15>, <&audma1 0x16>;
520			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
521		};
522		ssi1: ssi@1 {
523			interrupts = <0 371 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
524			dmas = <&audma0 0x03>, <&audma1 0x04>, <&audma0 0x49>, <&audma1 0x4a>;
525			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
526		};
527		ssi2: ssi@2 {
528			interrupts = <0 372 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
529			dmas = <&audma0 0x05>, <&audma1 0x06>, <&audma0 0x63>, <&audma1 0x64>;
530			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
531		};
532		ssi3: ssi@3 {
533			interrupts = <0 373 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
534			dmas = <&audma0 0x07>, <&audma1 0x08>, <&audma0 0x6f>, <&audma1 0x70>;
535			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
536		};
537		ssi4: ssi@4 {
538			interrupts = <0 374 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
539			dmas = <&audma0 0x09>, <&audma1 0x0a>, <&audma0 0x71>, <&audma1 0x72>;
540			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
541		};
542		ssi5: ssi@5 {
543			interrupts = <0 375 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
544			dmas = <&audma0 0x0b>, <&audma1 0x0c>, <&audma0 0x73>, <&audma1 0x74>;
545			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
546		};
547		ssi6: ssi@6 {
548			interrupts = <0 376 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
549			dmas = <&audma0 0x0d>, <&audma1 0x0e>, <&audma0 0x75>, <&audma1 0x76>;
550			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
551		};
552		ssi7: ssi@7 {
553			interrupts = <0 377 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
554			dmas = <&audma0 0x0f>, <&audma1 0x10>, <&audma0 0x79>, <&audma1 0x7a>;
555			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
556		};
557		ssi8: ssi@8 {
558			interrupts = <0 378 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
559			dmas = <&audma0 0x11>, <&audma1 0x12>, <&audma0 0x7b>, <&audma1 0x7c>;
560			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
561		};
562		ssi9: ssi@9 {
563			interrupts = <0 379 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
564			dmas = <&audma0 0x13>, <&audma1 0x14>, <&audma0 0x7d>, <&audma1 0x7e>;
565			dma-names = "rx", "tx", "rxu", "txu";
566		};
567	};
568
569	rcar_sound,dai {
570		dai0 {
571			playback = <&ssi5 &src5>;
572			capture  = <&ssi6>;
573		};
574		dai1 {
575			playback = <&ssi3>;
576		};
577		dai2 {
578			capture  = <&ssi4>;
579		};
580		dai3 {
581			playback = <&ssi7>;
582		};
583		dai4 {
584			capture  = <&ssi8>;
585		};
586	};
587};
588
589=============================================
590Example: simple sound card
591=============================================
592
593	rsnd_ak4643: sound {
594		compatible = "simple-audio-card";
595
596		simple-audio-card,format = "left_j";
597		simple-audio-card,bitclock-master = <&sndcodec>;
598		simple-audio-card,frame-master = <&sndcodec>;
599
600		sndcpu: simple-audio-card,cpu {
601			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound>;
602		};
603
604		sndcodec: simple-audio-card,codec {
605			sound-dai = <&ak4643>;
606			clocks = <&audio_clock>;
607		};
608	};
609
610&rcar_sound {
611	pinctrl-0 = <&sound_pins &sound_clk_pins>;
612	pinctrl-names = "default";
613
614	/* Single DAI */
615	#sound-dai-cells = <0>;
616
617	status = "okay";
618
619	rcar_sound,dai {
620		dai0 {
621			playback = <&ssi0 &src2 &dvc0>;
622			capture  = <&ssi1 &src3 &dvc1>;
623		};
624	};
625};
626
627&ssi1 {
628	shared-pin;
629};
630
631=============================================
632Example: simple sound card for TDM
633=============================================
634
635	rsnd_tdm: sound {
636		compatible = "simple-audio-card";
637
638		simple-audio-card,format = "left_j";
639		simple-audio-card,bitclock-master = <&sndcodec>;
640		simple-audio-card,frame-master = <&sndcodec>;
641
642		sndcpu: simple-audio-card,cpu {
643			sound-dai = <&rcar_sound>;
644			dai-tdm-slot-num = <6>;
645		};
646
647		sndcodec: simple-audio-card,codec {
648			sound-dai = <&xxx>;
649		};
650	};
651
652=============================================
653Example: simple sound card for Multi channel
654=============================================
655
656&rcar_sound {
657	pinctrl-0 = <&sound_pins &sound_clk_pins>;
658	pinctrl-names = "default";
659
660	/* Single DAI */
661	#sound-dai-cells = <0>;
662
663	status = "okay";
664
665	rcar_sound,dai {
666		dai0 {
667			playback = <&ssi0 &ssi1 &ssi2 &src0 &dvc0>;
668		};
669	};
670};
671