1Excerpt from UltraSPARC Virtual Machine Specification
2Compiled from version 3.0.20+15
3Publication date 2017-09-25 08:21
4Copyright © 2008, 2015 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
5Extracted via "pdftotext -f 547 -l 572 -layout sun4v_20170925.pdf"
6Authors:
7	 Charles Kunzman
8	 Sam Glidden
9	 Mark Cianchetti
10
11
12Chapter 36. Coprocessor services
13        The following APIs provide access via the Hypervisor to hardware assisted data processing functionality.
14        These APIs may only be provided by certain platforms, and may not be available to all virtual machines
15        even on supported platforms. Restrictions on the use of these APIs may be imposed in order to support
16        live-migration and other system management activities.
17
1836.1. Data Analytics Accelerator
19        The Data Analytics Accelerator (DAX) functionality is a collection of hardware coprocessors that provide
20        high speed processoring of database-centric operations. The coprocessors may support one or more of
21        the following data query operations: search, extraction, compression, decompression, and translation. The
22        functionality offered may vary by virtual machine implementation.
23
24        The DAX is a virtual device to sun4v guests, with supported data operations indicated by the virtual device
25        compatibility property. Functionality is accessed through the submission of Command Control Blocks
26        (CCBs) via the ccb_submit API function. The operations are processed asynchronously, with the status
27        of the submitted operations reported through a Completion Area linked to each CCB. Each CCB has a
28        separate Completion Area and, unless execution order is specifically restricted through the use of serial-
29        conditional flags, the execution order of submitted CCBs is arbitrary. Likewise, the time to completion
30        for a given CCB is never guaranteed.
31
32        Guest software may implement a software timeout on CCB operations, and if the timeout is exceeded, the
33        operation may be cancelled or killed via the ccb_kill API function. It is recommended for guest software
34        to implement a software timeout to account for certain RAS errors which may result in lost CCBs. It is
35        recommended such implementation use the ccb_info API function to check the status of a CCB prior to
36        killing it in order to determine if the CCB is still in queue, or may have been lost due to a RAS error.
37
38        There is no fixed limit on the number of outstanding CCBs guest software may have queued in the virtual
39        machine, however, internal resource limitations within the virtual machine can cause CCB submissions
40        to be temporarily rejected with EWOULDBLOCK. In such cases, guests should continue to attempt
41        submissions until they succeed; waiting for an outstanding CCB to complete is not necessary, and would
42        not be a guarantee that a future submission would succeed.
43
44        The availablility of DAX coprocessor command service is indicated by the presence of the DAX virtual
45        device node in the guest MD (Section 8.24.17, “Database Analytics Accelerators (DAX) virtual-device
46        node”).
47
4836.1.1. DAX Compatibility Property
49        The query functionality may vary based on the compatibility property of the virtual device:
50
5136.1.1.1. "ORCL,sun4v-dax" Device Compatibility
52        Available CCB commands:
53
54No-op/Sync
55
56        • Extract
57
58        • Scan Value
59
60        • Inverted Scan Value
61
62        • Scan Range
63
64
65                                                     509
66                                             Coprocessor services
67
68
69        • Inverted Scan Range
70
71        • Translate
72
73        • Inverted Translate
74
75        • Select
76
77        See Section 36.2.1, “Query CCB Command Formats” for the corresponding CCB input and output formats.
78
79        Only version 0 CCBs are available.
80
8136.1.1.2. "ORCL,sun4v-dax-fc" Device Compatibility
82        "ORCL,sun4v-dax-fc" is compatible with the "ORCL,sun4v-dax" interface, and includes additional CCB
83        bit fields and controls.
84
8536.1.1.3. "ORCL,sun4v-dax2" Device Compatibility
86        Available CCB commands:
87
88No-op/Sync
89
90        • Extract
91
92        • Scan Value
93
94        • Inverted Scan Value
95
96        • Scan Range
97
98        • Inverted Scan Range
99
100        • Translate
101
102        • Inverted Translate
103
104        • Select
105
106        See Section 36.2.1, “Query CCB Command Formats” for the corresponding CCB input and output formats.
107
108        Version 0 and 1 CCBs are available. Only version 0 CCBs may use Huffman encoded data, whereas only
109        version 1 CCBs may use OZIP.
110
11136.1.2. DAX Virtual Device Interrupts
112        The DAX virtual device has multiple interrupts associated with it which may be used by the guest if
113        desired. The number of device interrupts available to the guest is indicated in the virtual device node of the
114        guest MD (Section 8.24.17, “Database Analytics Accelerators (DAX) virtual-device node”). If the device
115        node indicates N interrupts available, the guest may use any value from 0 to N - 1 (inclusive) in a CCB
116        interrupt number field. Using values outside this range will result in the CCB being rejected for an invalid
117        field value.
118
119        The interrupts may be bound and managed using the standard sun4v device interrupts API (Chapter 16,
120        Device interrupt services). Sysino interrupts are not available for DAX devices.
121
12236.2. Coprocessor Control Block (CCB)
123        CCBs are either 64 or 128 bytes long, depending on the operation type. The exact contents of the CCB
124        are command specific, but all CCBs contain at least one memory buffer address. All memory locations
125
126
127                                                      510
128                                    Coprocessor services
129
130
131referenced by a CCB must be pinned in memory until the CCB either completes execution or is killed
132via the ccb_kill API call. Changes in virtual address mappings occurring after CCB submission are not
133guaranteed to be visible, and as such all virtual address updates need to be synchronized with CCB
134execution.
135
136All CCBs begin with a common 32-bit header.
137
138Table 36.1. CCB Header Format
139Bits          Field Description
140[31:28]       CCB version. For API version 2.0: set to 1 if CCB uses OZIP encoding; set to 0 if the CCB
141              uses Huffman encoding; otherwise either 0 or 1. For API version 1.0: always set to 0.
142[27]          When API version 2.0 is negotiated, this is the Pipeline Flag [512]. It is reserved in
143              API version 1.0
144[26]          Long CCB flag [512]
145[25]          Conditional synchronization flag [512]
146[24]          Serial synchronization flag
147[23:16]       CCB operation code:
148               0x00        No Operation (No-op) or Sync
149               0x01        Extract
150               0x02        Scan Value
151               0x12        Inverted Scan Value
152               0x03        Scan Range
153               0x13        Inverted Scan Range
154               0x04        Translate
155               0x14        Inverted Translate
156               0x05        Select
157[15:13]       Reserved
158[12:11]       Table address type
159               0b'00       No address
160               0b'01       Alternate context virtual address
161               0b'10       Real address
162               0b'11       Primary context virtual address
163[10:8]        Output/Destination address type
164               0b'000      No address
165               0b'001      Alternate context virtual address
166               0b'010      Real address
167               0b'011      Primary context virtual address
168               0b'100      Reserved
169               0b'101      Reserved
170               0b'110      Reserved
171               0b'111      Reserved
172[7:5]         Secondary source address type
173
174
175                                            511
176                                    Coprocessor services
177
178
179Bits           Field Description
180                0b'000       No address
181                0b'001       Alternate context virtual address
182                0b'010       Real address
183                0b'011       Primary context virtual address
184                0b'100       Reserved
185                0b'101       Reserved
186                0b'110       Reserved
187                0b'111       Reserved
188[4:2]          Primary source address type
189                0b'000       No address
190                0b'001       Alternate context virtual address
191                0b'010       Real address
192                0b'011       Primary context virtual address
193                0b'100       Reserved
194                0b'101       Reserved
195                0b'110       Reserved
196                0b'111       Reserved
197[1:0]          Completion area address type
198                0b'00        No address
199                0b'01        Alternate context virtual address
200                0b'10        Real address
201                0b'11        Primary context virtual address
202
203The Long CCB flag indicates whether the submitted CCB is 64 or 128 bytes long; value is 0 for 64 bytes
204and 1 for 128 bytes.
205
206The Serial and Conditional flags allow simple relative ordering between CCBs. Any CCB with the Serial
207flag set will execute sequentially relative to any previous CCB that is also marked as Serial in the same
208CCB submission. CCBs without the Serial flag set execute independently, even if they are between CCBs
209with the Serial flag set. CCBs marked solely with the Serial flag will execute upon the completion of the
210previous Serial CCB, regardless of the completion status of that CCB. The Conditional flag allows CCBs
211to conditionally execute based on the successful execution of the closest CCB marked with the Serial flag.
212A CCB may only be conditional on exactly one CCB, however, a CCB may be marked both Conditional
213and Serial to allow execution chaining. The flags do NOT allow fan-out chaining, where multiple CCBs
214execute in parallel based on the completion of another CCB.
215
216The Pipeline flag is an optimization that directs the output of one CCB (the "source" CCB) directly to
217the input of the next CCB (the "target" CCB). The target CCB thus does not need to read the input from
218memory. The Pipeline flag is advisory and may be dropped.
219
220Both the Pipeline and Serial bits must be set in the source CCB. The Conditional bit must be set in the
221target CCB. Exactly one CCB must be made conditional on the source CCB; either 0 or 2 target CCBs
222is invalid. However, Pipelines can be extended beyond two CCBs: the sequence would start with a CCB
223with both the Pipeline and Serial bits set, proceed through CCBs with the Pipeline, Serial, and Conditional
224bits set, and terminate at a CCB that has the Conditional bit set, but not the Pipeline bit.
225
226
227                                             512
228                                               Coprocessor services
229
230
231          The input of the target CCB must start within 64 bytes of the output of the source CCB or the pipeline flag
232          will be ignored. All CCBs in a pipeline must be submitted in the same call to ccb_submit.
233
234          The various address type fields indicate how the various address values used in the CCB should be
235          interpreted by the virtual machine. Not all of the types specified are used by every CCB format. Types
236          which are not applicable to the given CCB command should be indicated as type 0 (No address). Virtual
237          addresses used in the CCB must have translation entries present in either the TLB or a configured TSB
238          for the submitting virtual processor. Virtual addresses which cannot be translated by the virtual machine
239          will result in the CCB submission being rejected, with the causal virtual address indicated. The CCB
240          may be resubmitted after inserting the translation, or the address may be translated by guest software and
241          resubmitted using the real address translation.
242
24336.2.1. Query CCB Command Formats
24436.2.1.1. Supported Data Formats, Elements Sizes and Offsets
245          Data for query commands may be encoded in multiple possible formats. The data query commands use a
246          common set of values to indicate the encoding formats of the data being processed. Some encoding formats
247          require multiple data streams for processing, requiring the specification of both primary data formats (the
248          encoded data) and secondary data streams (meta-data for the encoded data).
249
25036.2.1.1.1. Primary Input Format
251
252          The primary input format code is a 4-bit field when it is used. There are 10 primary input formats available.
253          The packed formats are not endian neutral. Code values not listed below are reserved.
254
255          Code        Format                              Description
256          0x0         Fixed width byte packed             Up to 16 bytes
257          0x1         Fixed width bit packed              Up to 15 bits (CCB version 0) or 23 bits (CCB version
258                                                          1); bits are read most significant bit to least significant bit
259                                                          within a byte
260          0x2         Variable width byte packed          Data stream of lengths must be provided as a secondary
261                                                          input
262          0x4         Fixed width byte packed with run Up to 16 bytes; data stream of run lengths must be
263                      length encoding                  provided as a secondary input
264          0x5         Fixed width bit packed with run Up to 15 bits (CCB version 0) or 23 bits (CCB version
265                      length encoding                 1); bits are read most significant bit to least significant bit
266                                                      within a byte; data stream of run lengths must be provided
267                                                      as a secondary input
268          0x8         Fixed width byte packed with Up to 16 bytes before the encoding; compressed stream
269                      Huffman (CCB version 0) or bits are read most significant bit to least significant bit
270                      OZIP (CCB version 1) encoding within a byte; pointer to the encoding table must be
271                                                    provided
272          0x9         Fixed width bit packed with Up to 15 bits (CCB version 0) or 23 bits (CCB version
273                      Huffman (CCB version 0) or 1); compressed stream bits are read most significant bit to
274                      OZIP (CCB version 1) encoding least significant bit within a byte; pointer to the encoding
275                                                    table must be provided
276          0xA         Variable width byte packed with Up to 16 bytes before the encoding; compressed stream
277                      Huffman (CCB version 0) or bits are read most significant bit to least significant bit
278                      OZIP (CCB version 1) encoding within a byte; data stream of lengths must be provided as
279                                                      a secondary input; pointer to the encoding table must be
280                                                      provided
281
282
283                                                        513
284                                               Coprocessor services
285
286
287          Code        Format                              Description
288          0xC         Fixed width byte packed with        Up to 16 bytes before the encoding; compressed stream
289                      run length encoding, followed by    bits are read most significant bit to least significant bit
290                      Huffman (CCB version 0) or          within a byte; data stream of run lengths must be provided
291                      OZIP (CCB version 1) encoding       as a secondary input; pointer to the encoding table must
292                                                          be provided
293          0xD         Fixed width bit packed with         Up to 15 bits (CCB version 0) or 23 bits(CCB version 1)
294                      run length encoding, followed by    before the encoding; compressed stream bits are read most
295                      Huffman (CCB version 0) or          significant bit to least significant bit within a byte; data
296                      OZIP (CCB version 1) encoding       stream of run lengths must be provided as a secondary
297                                                          input; pointer to the encoding table must be provided
298
299          If OZIP encoding is used, there must be no reserved bytes in the table.
300
30136.2.1.1.2. Primary Input Element Size
302
303          For primary input data streams with fixed size elements, the element size must be indicated in the CCB
304          command. The size is encoded as the number of bits or bytes, minus one. The valid value range for this
305          field depends on the input format selected, as listed in the table above.
306
30736.2.1.1.3. Secondary Input Format
308
309          For primary input data streams which require a secondary input stream, the secondary input stream is
310          always encoded in a fixed width, bit-packed format. The bits are read from most significant bit to least
311          significant bit within a byte. There are two encoding options for the secondary input stream data elements,
312          depending on whether the value of 0 is needed:
313
314          Secondary           Input Description
315          Format Code
316          0                          Element is stored as value minus 1 (0 evaluates to 1, 1 evaluates
317                                     to 2, etc)
318          1                          Element is stored as value
319
32036.2.1.1.4. Secondary Input Element Size
321
322          Secondary input element size is encoded as a two bit field:
323
324          Secondary Input Size Description
325          Code
326          0x0                        1 bit
327          0x1                        2 bits
328          0x2                        4 bits
329          0x3                        8 bits
330
33136.2.1.1.5. Input Element Offsets
332
333          Bit-wise input data streams may have any alignment within the base addressed byte. The offset, specified
334          from most significant bit to least significant bit, is provided as a fixed 3 bit field for each input type. A
335          value of 0 indicates that the first input element begins at the most significant bit in the first byte, and a
336          value of 7 indicates it begins with the least significant bit.
337
338          This field should be zero for any byte-wise primary input data streams.
339
340
341                                                        514
342                                              Coprocessor services
343
344
34536.2.1.1.6. Output Format
346
347          Query commands support multiple sizes and encodings for output data streams. There are four possible
348          output encodings, and up to four supported element sizes per encoding. Not all output encodings are
349          supported for every command. The format is indicated by a 4-bit field in the CCB:
350
351           Output Format Code        Description
352           0x0                       Byte aligned, 1 byte elements
353           0x1                       Byte aligned, 2 byte elements
354           0x2                       Byte aligned, 4 byte elements
355           0x3                       Byte aligned, 8 byte elements
356           0x4                       16 byte aligned, 16 byte elements
357           0x5                       Reserved
358           0x6                       Reserved
359           0x7                       Reserved
360           0x8                       Packed vector of single bit elements
361           0x9                       Reserved
362           0xA                       Reserved
363           0xB                       Reserved
364           0xC                       Reserved
365           0xD                       2 byte elements where each element is the index value of a bit,
366                                     from an bit vector, which was 1.
367           0xE                       4 byte elements where each element is the index value of a bit,
368                                     from an bit vector, which was 1.
369           0xF                       Reserved
370
37136.2.1.1.7. Application Data Integrity (ADI)
372
373          On platforms which support ADI, the ADI version number may be specified for each separate memory
374          access type used in the CCB command. ADI checking only occurs when reading data. When writing data,
375          the specified ADI version number overwrites any existing ADI value in memory.
376
377          An ADI version value of 0 or 0xF indicates the ADI checking is disabled for that data access, even if it is
378          enabled in memory. By setting the appropriate flag in CCB_SUBMIT (Section 36.3.1, “ccb_submit”) it is
379          also an option to disable ADI checking for all inputs accessed via virtual address for all CCBs submitted
380          during that hypercall invocation.
381
382          The ADI value is only guaranteed to be checked on the first 64 bytes of each data access. Mismatches on
383          subsequent data chunks may not be detected, so guest software should be careful to use page size checking
384          to protect against buffer overruns.
385
38636.2.1.1.8. Page size checking
387
388          All data accesses used in CCB commands must be bounded within a single memory page. When addresses
389          are provided using a virtual address, the page size for checking is extracted from the TTE for that virtual
390          address. When using real addresses, the guest must supply the page size in the same field as the address
391          value. The page size must be one of the sizes supported by the underlying virtual machine. Using a value
392          that is not supported may result in the CCB submission being rejected or the generation of a CCB parsing
393          error in the completion area.
394
395
396                                                       515
397                                               Coprocessor services
398
399
40036.2.1.2. Extract command
401
402        Converts an input vector in one format to an output vector in another format. All input format types are
403        supported.
404
405        The only supported output format is a padded, byte-aligned output stream, using output codes 0x0 - 0x4.
406        When the specified output element size is larger than the extracted input element size, zeros are padded to
407        the extracted input element. First, if the decompressed input size is not a whole number of bytes, 0 bits are
408        padded to the most significant bit side till the next byte boundary. Next, if the output element size is larger
409        than the byte padded input element, bytes of value 0 are added based on the Padding Direction bit in the
410        CCB. If the output element size is smaller than the byte-padded input element size, the input element is
411        truncated by dropped from the least significant byte side until the selected output size is reached.
412
413        The return value of the CCB completion area is invalid. The “number of elements processed” field in the
414        CCB completion area will be valid.
415
416        The extract CCB is a 64-byte “short format” CCB.
417
418        The extract CCB command format can be specified by the following packed C structure for a big-endian
419        machine:
420
421
422                  struct extract_ccb {
423                         uint32_t header;
424                         uint32_t control;
425                         uint64_t completion;
426                         uint64_t primary_input;
427                         uint64_t data_access_control;
428                         uint64_t secondary_input;
429                         uint64_t reserved;
430                         uint64_t output;
431                         uint64_t table;
432                  };
433
434
435        The exact field offsets, sizes, and composition are as follows:
436
437         Offset         Size            Field Description
438         0              4               CCB header (Table 36.1, “CCB Header Format”)
439         4              4               Command control
440                                        Bits        Field Description
441                                        [31:28]     Primary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.1, “Primary Input
442                                                    Format”)
443                                        [27:23]     Primary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.2, “Primary
444                                                    Input Element Size”)
445                                        [22:20]     Primary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
446                                                    Element Offsets”)
447                                        [19]        Secondary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.3, “Secondary
448                                                    Input Format”)
449                                        [18:16]     Secondary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
450                                                    Element Offsets”)
451
452
453                                                       516
454                        Coprocessor services
455
456
457Offset   Size   Field Description
458                Bits         Field Description
459                [15:14]      Secondary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.4,
460                             “Secondary Input Element Size”
461                [13:10]      Output Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.6, “Output Format”)
462                [9]          Padding Direction selector: A value of 1 causes padding bytes
463                             to be added to the left side of output elements. A value of 0
464                             causes padding bytes to be added to the right side of output
465                             elements.
466                [8:0]        Reserved
4678        8      Completion
468                Bits         Field Description
469                [63:60]      ADI version (see Section 36.2.1.1.7, “Application Data
470                             Integrity (ADI)”)
471                [59]         If set to 1, a virtual device interrupt will be generated using
472                             the device interrupt number specified in the lower bits of this
473                             completion word. If 0, the lower bits of this completion word
474                             are ignored.
475                [58:6]       Completion area address bits [58:6]. Address type is
476                             determined by CCB header.
477                [5:0]        Virtual device interrupt number for completion interrupt, if
478                             enabled.
47916       8      Primary Input
480                Bits         Field Description
481                [63:60]      ADI version (see Section 36.2.1.1.7, “Application Data
482                             Integrity (ADI)”)
483                [59:56]      If using real address, these bits should be filled in with the
484                             page size code for the page boundary checking the guest wants
485                             the virtual machine to use when accessing this data stream
486                             (checking is only guaranteed to be performed when using API
487                             version 1.1 and later). If using a virtual address, this field will
488                             be used as as primary input address bits [59:56].
489                [55:0]       Primary input address bits [55:0]. Address type is determined
490                             by CCB header.
49124       8      Data Access Control
492                Bits         Field Description
493                [63:62]      Flow Control
494                             Value      Description
495                             0b'00      Disable flow control
496                             0b'01      Enable flow control (only valid with "ORCL,sun4v-
497                                        dax-fc" compatible virtual device variants)
498                             0b'10      Reserved
499                             0b'11      Reserved
500                [61:60]      Reserved (API 1.0)
501
502
503                                517
504                       Coprocessor services
505
506
507Offset   Size   Field Description
508                Bits        Field Description
509                            Pipeline target (API 2.0)
510                            Value      Description
511                            0b'00      Connect to primary input
512                            0b'01      Connect to secondary input
513                            0b'10      Reserved
514                            0b'11      Reserved
515                [59:40]     Output buffer size given in units of 64 bytes, minus 1. Value of
516                            0 means 64 bytes, value of 1 means 128 bytes, etc. Buffer size is
517                            only enforced if flow control is enabled in Flow Control field.
518                [39:32]     Reserved
519                [31:30]     Output Data Cache Allocation
520                            Value      Description
521                            0b'00      Do not allocate cache lines for output data stream.
522                            0b'01      Force cache lines for output data stream to be
523                                       allocated in the cache that is local to the submitting
524                                       virtual cpu.
525                            0b'10      Allocate cache lines for output data stream, but allow
526                                       existing cache lines associated with the data to remain
527                                       in their current cache instance. Any memory not
528                                       already in cache will be allocated in the cache local
529                                       to the submitting virtual cpu.
530                            0b'11      Reserved
531                [29:26]     Reserved
532                [25:24]     Primary Input Length Format
533                            Value      Description
534                            0b'00      Number of primary symbols
535                            0b'01      Number of primary bytes
536                            0b'10      Number of primary bits
537                            0b'11      Reserved
538                [23:0]      Primary Input Length
539                            Format                      Field Value
540                            # of primary symbols        Number of input elements to process,
541                                                        minus 1. Command execution stops
542                                                        once count is reached.
543                            # of primary bytes          Number of input bytes to process,
544                                                        minus 1. Command execution stops
545                                                        once count is reached. The count is
546                                                        done before any decompression or
547                                                        decoding.
548                            # of primary bits           Number of input bits to process,
549                                                        minus 1. Command execution stops
550
551
552
553                               518
554                                                Coprocessor services
555
556
557        Offset          Size           Field Description
558                                        Bits         Field Description
559                                                     Format                     Field Value
560                                                                                once count is reached. The count is
561                                                                                done before any decompression or
562                                                                                decoding, and does not include any
563                                                                                bits skipped by the Primary Input
564                                                                                Offset field value of the command
565                                                                                control word.
566        32              8              Secondary Input, if used by Primary Input Format. Same fields as Primary
567                                       Input.
568        40              8              Reserved
569        48              8              Output (same fields as Primary Input)
570        56              8              Symbol Table (if used by Primary Input)
571                                        Bits         Field Description
572                                        [63:60]      ADI version (see Section 36.2.1.1.7, “Application Data
573                                                     Integrity (ADI)”)
574                                        [59:56]      If using real address, these bits should be filled in with the
575                                                     page size code for the page boundary checking the guest wants
576                                                     the virtual machine to use when accessing this data stream
577                                                     (checking is only guaranteed to be performed when using API
578                                                     version 1.1 and later). If using a virtual address, this field will
579                                                     be used as as symbol table address bits [59:56].
580                                        [55:4]       Symbol table address bits [55:4]. Address type is determined
581                                                     by CCB header.
582                                        [3:0]        Symbol table version
583                                                     Value     Description
584                                                     0         Huffman encoding. Must use 64 byte aligned table
585                                                               address. (Only available when using version 0 CCBs)
586                                                     1         OZIP encoding. Must use 16 byte aligned table
587                                                               address. (Only available when using version 1 CCBs)
588
589
59036.2.1.3. Scan commands
591
592        The scan commands search a stream of input data elements for values which match the selection criteria.
593        All the input format types are supported. There are multiple formats for the scan commands, allowing the
594        scan to search for exact matches to one value, exact matches to either of two values, or any value within
595        a specified range. The specific type of scan is indicated by the command code in the CCB header. For the
596        scan range commands, the boundary conditions can be specified as greater-than-or-equal-to a value, less-
597        than-or-equal-to a value, or both by using two boundary values.
598
599        There are two supported formats for the output stream: the bit vector and index array formats (codes 0x8,
600        0xD, and 0xE). For the standard scan command using the bit vector output, for each input element there
601        exists one bit in the vector that is set if the input element matched the scan criteria, or clear if not. The
602        inverted scan command inverts the polarity of the bits in the output. The most significant bit of the first
603        byte of the output stream corresponds to the first element in the input stream. The standard index array
604        output format contains one array entry for each input element that matched the scan criteria. Each array
605
606
607
608                                                         519
609                                       Coprocessor services
610
611
612entry is the index of an input element that matched the scan criteria. An inverted scan command produces
613a similar array, but of all the input elements which did NOT match the scan criteria.
614
615The return value of the CCB completion area contains the number of input elements found which match
616the scan criteria (or number that did not match for the inverted scans). The “number of elements processed”
617field in the CCB completion area will be valid, indicating the number of input elements processed.
618
619These commands are 128-byte “long format” CCBs.
620
621The scan CCB command format can be specified by the following packed C structure for a big-endian
622machine:
623
624
625         struct scan_ccb         {
626                uint32_t         header;
627                uint32_t         control;
628                uint64_t         completion;
629                uint64_t         primary_input;
630                uint64_t         data_access_control;
631                uint64_t         secondary_input;
632                uint64_t         match_criteria0;
633                uint64_t         output;
634                uint64_t         table;
635                uint64_t         match_criteria1;
636                uint64_t         match_criteria2;
637                uint64_t         match_criteria3;
638                uint64_t         reserved[5];
639         };
640
641
642The exact field offsets, sizes, and composition are as follows:
643
644Offset         Size            Field Description
6450              4               CCB header (Table 36.1, “CCB Header Format”)
6464              4               Command control
647                               Bits         Field Description
648                               [31:28]      Primary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.1, “Primary Input
649                                            Format”)
650                               [27:23]      Primary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.2, “Primary
651                                            Input Element Size”)
652                               [22:20]      Primary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
653                                            Element Offsets”)
654                               [19]         Secondary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.3, “Secondary
655                                            Input Format”)
656                               [18:16]      Secondary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
657                                            Element Offsets”)
658                               [15:14]      Secondary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.4,
659                                            “Secondary Input Element Size”
660                               [13:10]      Output Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.6, “Output Format”)
661                               [9:5]        Operand size for first scan criteria value. In a scan value
662                                            operation, this is one of two potential exact match values.
663                                            In a scan range operation, this is the size of the upper range
664
665
666                                               520
667                        Coprocessor services
668
669
670Offset   Size   Field Description
671                Bits         Field Description
672                             boundary. The value of this field is the number of bytes in the
673                             operand, minus 1. Values 0xF-0x1E are reserved. A value of
674                             0x1F indicates this operand is not in use for this scan operation.
675                [4:0]        Operand size for second scan criteria value. In a scan value
676                             operation, this is one of two potential exact match values.
677                             In a scan range operation, this is the size of the lower range
678                             boundary. The value of this field is the number of bytes in the
679                             operand, minus 1. Values 0xF-0x1E are reserved. A value of
680                             0x1F indicates this operand is not in use for this scan operation.
6818        8      Completion (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”)
68216       8      Primary Input (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”)
68324       8      Data Access Control (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”)
68432       8      Secondary Input, if used by Primary Input Format. Same fields as Primary
685                Input.
68640       4      Most significant 4 bytes of first scan criteria operand. If first operand is less
687                than 4 bytes, the value is left-aligned to the lowest address bytes.
68844       4      Most significant 4 bytes of second scan criteria operand. If second operand
689                is less than 4 bytes, the value is left-aligned to the lowest address bytes.
69048       8      Output (same fields as Primary Input)
69156       8      Symbol Table (if used by Primary Input). Same fields as Section 36.2.1.2,
692                “Extract command”
69364       4      Next 4 most significant bytes of first scan criteria operand occurring after the
694                bytes specified at offset 40, if needed by the operand size. If first operand
695                is less than 8 bytes, the valid bytes are left-aligned to the lowest address.
69668       4      Next 4 most significant bytes of second scan criteria operand occurring after
697                the bytes specified at offset 44, if needed by the operand size. If second
698                operand is less than 8 bytes, the valid bytes are left-aligned to the lowest
699                address.
70072       4      Next 4 most significant bytes of first scan criteria operand occurring after the
701                bytes specified at offset 64, if needed by the operand size. If first operand
702                is less than 12 bytes, the valid bytes are left-aligned to the lowest address.
70376       4      Next 4 most significant bytes of second scan criteria operand occurring after
704                the bytes specified at offset 68, if needed by the operand size. If second
705                operand is less than 12 bytes, the valid bytes are left-aligned to the lowest
706                address.
70780       4      Next 4 most significant bytes of first scan criteria operand occurring after the
708                bytes specified at offset 72, if needed by the operand size. If first operand
709                is less than 16 bytes, the valid bytes are left-aligned to the lowest address.
71084       4      Next 4 most significant bytes of second scan criteria operand occurring after
711                the bytes specified at offset 76, if needed by the operand size. If second
712                operand is less than 16 bytes, the valid bytes are left-aligned to the lowest
713                address.
714
715
716
717
718                                521
719                                               Coprocessor services
720
721
72236.2.1.4. Translate commands
723
724        The translate commands takes an input array of indices, and a table of single bit values indexed by those
725        indices, and outputs a bit vector or index array created by reading the tables bit value at each index in
726        the input array. The output should therefore contain exactly one bit per index in the input data stream,
727        when outputting as a bit vector. When outputting as an index array, the number of elements depends on the
728        values read in the bit table, but will always be less than, or equal to, the number of input elements. Only
729        a restricted subset of the possible input format types are supported. No variable width or Huffman/OZIP
730        encoded input streams are allowed. The primary input data element size must be 3 bytes or less.
731
732        The maximum table index size allowed is 15 bits, however, larger input elements may be used to provide
733        additional processing of the output values. If 2 or 3 byte values are used, the least significant 15 bits are
734        used as an index into the bit table. The most significant 9 bits (when using 3-byte input elements) or single
735        bit (when using 2-byte input elements) are compared against a fixed 9-bit test value provided in the CCB.
736        If the values match, the value from the bit table is used as the output element value. If the values do not
737        match, the output data element value is forced to 0.
738
739        In the inverted translate operation, the bit value read from bit table is inverted prior to its use. The additional
740        additional processing based on any additional non-index bits remains unchanged, and still forces the output
741        element value to 0 on a mismatch. The specific type of translate command is indicated by the command
742        code in the CCB header.
743
744        There are two supported formats for the output stream: the bit vector and index array formats (codes 0x8,
745        0xD, and 0xE). The index array format is an array of indices of bits which would have been set if the
746        output format was a bit array.
747
748        The return value of the CCB completion area contains the number of bits set in the output bit vector,
749        or number of elements in the output index array. The “number of elements processed” field in the CCB
750        completion area will be valid, indicating the number of input elements processed.
751
752        These commands are 64-byte “short format” CCBs.
753
754        The translate CCB command format can be specified by the following packed C structure for a big-endian
755        machine:
756
757
758                 struct translate_ccb {
759                        uint32_t header;
760                        uint32_t control;
761                        uint64_t completion;
762                        uint64_t primary_input;
763                        uint64_t data_access_control;
764                        uint64_t secondary_input;
765                        uint64_t reserved;
766                        uint64_t output;
767                        uint64_t table;
768                 };
769
770
771        The exact field offsets, sizes, and composition are as follows:
772
773
774        Offset          Size             Field Description
775        0               4                CCB header (Table 36.1, “CCB Header Format”)
776
777
778                                                        522
779                        Coprocessor services
780
781
782Offset   Size   Field Description
7834        4      Command control
784                Bits         Field Description
785                [31:28]      Primary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.1, “Primary Input
786                             Format”)
787                [27:23]      Primary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.2, “Primary
788                             Input Element Size”)
789                [22:20]      Primary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
790                             Element Offsets”)
791                [19]         Secondary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.3, “Secondary
792                             Input Format”)
793                [18:16]      Secondary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
794                             Element Offsets”)
795                [15:14]      Secondary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.4,
796                             “Secondary Input Element Size”
797                [13:10]      Output Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.6, “Output Format”)
798                [9]          Reserved
799                [8:0]        Test value used for comparison against the most significant bits
800                             in the input values, when using 2 or 3 byte input elements.
8018        8      Completion (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”
80216       8      Primary Input (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”
80324       8      Data Access Control (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”,
804                except Primary Input Length Format may not use the 0x0 value)
80532       8      Secondary Input, if used by Primary Input Format. Same fields as Primary
806                Input.
80740       8      Reserved
80848       8      Output (same fields as Primary Input)
80956       8      Bit Table
810                Bits         Field Description
811                [63:60]      ADI version (see Section 36.2.1.1.7, “Application Data
812                             Integrity (ADI)”)
813                [59:56]      If using real address, these bits should be filled in with the
814                             page size code for the page boundary checking the guest wants
815                             the virtual machine to use when accessing this data stream
816                             (checking is only guaranteed to be performed when using API
817                             version 1.1 and later). If using a virtual address, this field will
818                             be used as as bit table address bits [59:56]
819                [55:4]       Bit table address bits [55:4]. Address type is determined by
820                             CCB header. Address must be 64-byte aligned (CCB version
821                             0) or 16-byte aligned (CCB version 1).
822                [3:0]        Bit table version
823                             Value      Description
824                             0          4KB table size
825                             1          8KB table size
826
827
828
829                                 523
830                                              Coprocessor services
831
832
83336.2.1.5. Select command
834        The select command filters the primary input data stream by using a secondary input bit vector to determine
835        which input elements to include in the output. For each bit set at a given index N within the bit vector,
836        the Nth input element is included in the output. If the bit is not set, the element is not included. Only a
837        restricted subset of the possible input format types are supported. No variable width or run length encoded
838        input streams are allowed, since the secondary input stream is used for the filtering bit vector.
839
840        The only supported output format is a padded, byte-aligned output stream. The stream follows the same
841        rules and restrictions as padded output stream described in Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”.
842
843        The return value of the CCB completion area contains the number of bits set in the input bit vector. The
844        "number of elements processed" field in the CCB completion area will be valid, indicating the number
845        of input elements processed.
846
847        The select CCB is a 64-byte “short format” CCB.
848
849        The select CCB command format can be specified by the following packed C structure for a big-endian
850        machine:
851
852
853                  struct select_ccb {
854                         uint32_t header;
855                         uint32_t control;
856                         uint64_t completion;
857                         uint64_t primary_input;
858                         uint64_t data_access_control;
859                         uint64_t secondary_input;
860                         uint64_t reserved;
861                         uint64_t output;
862                         uint64_t table;
863                  };
864
865
866        The exact field offsets, sizes, and composition are as follows:
867
868         Offset        Size            Field Description
869         0             4               CCB header (Table 36.1, “CCB Header Format”)
870         4             4               Command control
871                                       Bits        Field Description
872                                       [31:28]     Primary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.1, “Primary Input
873                                                   Format”)
874                                       [27:23]     Primary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.2, “Primary
875                                                   Input Element Size”)
876                                       [22:20]     Primary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
877                                                   Element Offsets”)
878                                       [19]        Secondary Input Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.3, “Secondary
879                                                   Input Format”)
880                                       [18:16]     Secondary Input Starting Offset (see Section 36.2.1.1.5, “Input
881                                                   Element Offsets”)
882                                       [15:14]     Secondary Input Element Size (see Section 36.2.1.1.4,
883                                                   “Secondary Input Element Size”
884
885
886                                                      524
887                                               Coprocessor services
888
889
890        Offset         Size            Field Description
891                                       Bits         Field Description
892                                       [13:10]      Output Format (see Section 36.2.1.1.6, “Output Format”)
893                                       [9]          Padding Direction selector: A value of 1 causes padding bytes
894                                                    to be added to the left side of output elements. A value of 0
895                                                    causes padding bytes to be added to the right side of output
896                                                    elements.
897                                       [8:0]        Reserved
898        8              8               Completion (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”
899        16             8               Primary Input (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”
900        24             8               Data Access Control (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”)
901        32             8               Secondary Bit Vector Input. Same fields as Primary Input.
902        40             8               Reserved
903        48             8               Output (same fields as Primary Input)
904        56             8               Symbol Table (if used by Primary Input). Same fields as Section 36.2.1.2,
905                                       “Extract command”
906
90736.2.1.6. No-op and Sync commands
908        The no-op (no operation) command is a CCB which has no processing effect. The CCB, when processed
909        by the virtual machine, simply updates the completion area with its execution status. The CCB may have
910        the serial-conditional flags set in order to restrict when it executes.
911
912        The sync command is a variant of the no-op command which with restricted execution timing. A sync
913        command CCB will only execute when all previous commands submitted in the same request have
914        completed. This is stronger than the conditional flag sequencing, which is only dependent on a single
915        previous serial CCB. While the relative ordering is guaranteed, virtual machine implementations with
916        shared hardware resources may cause the sync command to wait for longer than the minimum required
917        time.
918
919        The return value of the CCB completion area is invalid for these CCBs. The “number of elements
920        processed” field is also invalid for these CCBs.
921
922        These commands are 64-byte “short format” CCBs.
923
924        The no-op CCB command format can be specified by the following packed C structure for a big-endian
925        machine:
926
927
928                 struct nop_ccb {
929                        uint32_t header;
930                        uint32_t control;
931                        uint64_t completion;
932                        uint64_t reserved[6];
933                 };
934
935
936        The exact field offsets, sizes, and composition are as follows:
937
938        Offset         Size            Field Description
939        0              4               CCB header (Table 36.1, “CCB Header Format”)
940
941
942                                                       525
943                                          Coprocessor services
944
945
946       Offset        Size          Field Description
947       4             4             Command control
948                                   Bits        Field Description
949                                   [31]        If set, this CCB functions as a Sync command. If clear, this
950                                               CCB functions as a No-op command.
951                                   [30:0]      Reserved
952       8             8             Completion (same fields as Section 36.2.1.2, “Extract command”
953       16            46            Reserved
954
95536.2.2. CCB Completion Area
956       All CCB commands use a common 128-byte Completion Area format, which can be specified by the
957       following packed C structure for a big-endian machine:
958
959
960                struct completion_area {
961                       uint8_t status_flag;
962                       uint8_t error_note;
963                       uint8_t rsvd0[2];
964                       uint32_t error_values;
965                       uint32_t output_size;
966                       uint32_t rsvd1;
967                       uint64_t run_time;
968                       uint64_t run_stats;
969                       uint32_t elements;
970                       uint8_t rsvd2[20];
971                       uint64_t return_value;
972                       uint64_t extra_return_value[8];
973                };
974
975
976       The Completion Area must be a 128-byte aligned memory location. The exact layout can be described
977       using byte offsets and sizes relative to the memory base:
978
979       Offset        Size          Field Description
980       0             1             CCB execution status
981                                   0x0                  Command not yet completed
982                                   0x1                  Command ran and succeeded
983                                   0x2                  Command ran and failed (partial results may be been
984                                                        produced)
985                                   0x3                  Command ran and was killed (partial execution may
986                                                        have occurred)
987                                   0x4                  Command was not run
988                                   0x5-0xF              Reserved
989       1             1             Error reason code
990                                   0x0                  Reserved
991                                   0x1                  Buffer overflow
992
993
994                                                  526
995                                      Coprocessor services
996
997
998Offset          Size           Field Description
999                                0x2                 CCB decoding error
1000                                0x3                 Page overflow
1001                                0x4-0x6             Reserved
1002                                0x7                 Command was killed
1003                                0x8                 Command execution timeout
1004                                0x9                 ADI miscompare error
1005                                0xA                 Data format error
1006                                0xB-0xD             Reserved
1007                                0xE                 Unexpected hardware error (Do not retry)
1008                                0xF                 Unexpected hardware error (Retry is ok)
1009                                0x10-0x7F           Reserved
1010                                0x80                Partial Symbol Warning
1011                                0x81-0xFF           Reserved
10122               2              Reserved
10134               4              If a partial symbol warning was generated, this field contains the number
1014                               of remaining bits which were not decoded.
10158               4              Number of bytes of output produced
101612              4              Reserved
101716              8              Runtime of command (unspecified time units)
101824              8              Reserved
101932              4              Number of elements processed
102036              20             Reserved
102156              8              Return value
102264              64             Extended return value
1023
1024The CCB completion area should be treated as read-only by guest software. The CCB execution status
1025byte will be cleared by the Hypervisor to reflect the pending execution status when the CCB is submitted
1026successfully. All other fields are considered invalid upon CCB submission until the CCB execution status
1027byte becomes non-zero.
1028
1029CCBs which complete with status 0x2 or 0x3 may produce partial results and/or side effects due to partial
1030execution of the CCB command. Some valid data may be accessible depending on the fault type, however,
1031it is recommended that guest software treat the destination buffer as being in an unknown state. If a CCB
1032completes with a status byte of 0x2, the error reason code byte can be read to determine what corrective
1033action should be taken.
1034
1035A buffer overflow indicates that the results of the operation exceeded the size of the output buffer indicated
1036in the CCB. The operation can be retried by resubmitting the CCB with a larger output buffer.
1037
1038A CCB decoding error indicates that the CCB contained some invalid field values. It may be also be
1039triggered if the CCB output is directed at a non-existent secondary input and the pipelining hint is followed.
1040
1041A page overflow error indicates that the operation required accessing a memory location beyond the page
1042size associated with a given address. No data will have been read or written past the page boundary, but
1043partial results may have been written to the destination buffer. The CCB can be resubmitted with a larger
1044page size memory allocation to complete the operation.
1045
1046
1047                                              527
1048                                            Coprocessor services
1049
1050
1051       In the case of pipelined CCBs, a page overflow error will be triggered if the output from the pipeline source
1052       CCB ends before the input of the pipeline target CCB. Page boundaries are ignored when the pipeline
1053       hint is followed.
1054
1055       Command kill indicates that the CCB execution was halted or prevented by use of the ccb_kill API call.
1056
1057       Command timeout indicates that the CCB execution began, but did not complete within a pre-determined
1058       limit set by the virtual machine. The command may have produced some or no output. The CCB may be
1059       resubmitted with no alterations.
1060
1061       ADI miscompare indicates that the memory buffer version specified in the CCB did not match the value
1062       in memory when accessed by the virtual machine. Guest software should not attempt to resubmit the CCB
1063       without determining the cause of the version mismatch.
1064
1065       A data format error indicates that the input data stream did not follow the specified data input formatting
1066       selected in the CCB.
1067
1068       Some CCBs which encounter hardware errors may be resubmitted without change. Persistent hardware
1069       errors may result in multiple failures until RAS software can identify and isolate the faulty component.
1070
1071       The output size field indicates the number of bytes of valid output in the destination buffer. This field is
1072       not valid for all possible CCB commands.
1073
1074       The runtime field indicates the execution time of the CCB command once it leaves the internal virtual
1075       machine queue. The time units are fixed, but unspecified, allowing only relative timing comparisons
1076       by guest software. The time units may also vary by hardware platform, and should not be construed to
1077       represent any absolute time value.
1078
1079       Some data query commands process data in units of elements. If applicable to the command, the number of
1080       elements processed is indicated in the listed field. This field is not valid for all possible CCB commands.
1081
1082       The return value and extended return value fields are output locations for commands which do not use
1083       a destination output buffer, or have secondary return results. The field is not valid for all possible CCB
1084       commands.
1085
108636.3. Hypervisor API Functions
108736.3.1. ccb_submit
1088       trap#             FAST_TRAP
1089       function#         CCB_SUBMIT
1090       arg0              address
1091       arg1              length
1092       arg2              flags
1093       arg3              reserved
1094       ret0              status
1095       ret1              length
1096       ret2              status data
1097       ret3              reserved
1098
1099       Submit one or more coprocessor control blocks (CCBs) for evaluation and processing by the virtual
1100       machine. The CCBs are passed in a linear array indicated by address. length indicates the size of
1101       the array in bytes.
1102
1103
1104                                                     528
1105                                      Coprocessor services
1106
1107
1108The address should be aligned to the size indicated by length, rounded up to the nearest power of
1109two. Virtual machines implementations may reject submissions which do not adhere to that alignment.
1110length must be a multiple of 64 bytes. If length is zero, the maximum supported array length will be
1111returned as length in ret1. In all other cases, the length value in ret1 will reflect the number of bytes
1112successfully consumed from the input CCB array.
1113
1114      Implementation note
1115      Virtual machines should never reject submissions based on the alignment of address if the
1116      entire array is contained within a single memory page of the smallest page size supported by the
1117      virtual machine.
1118
1119A guest may choose to submit addresses used in this API function, including the CCB array address,
1120as either a real or virtual addresses, with the type of each address indicated in flags. Virtual addresses
1121must be present in either the TLB or an active TSB to be processed. The translation context for virtual
1122addresses is determined by a combination of CCB contents and the flags argument.
1123
1124The flags argument is divided into multiple fields defined as follows:
1125
1126
1127Bits            Field Description
1128[63:16]         Reserved
1129[15]            Disable ADI for VA reads (in API 2.0)
1130                Reserved (in API 1.0)
1131[14]            Virtual addresses within CCBs are translated in privileged context
1132[13:12]         Alternate translation context for virtual addresses within CCBs:
1133                 0b'00        CCBs requesting alternate context are rejected
1134                 0b'01        Reserved
1135                 0b'10        CCBs requesting alternate context use secondary context
1136                 0b'11        CCBs requesting alternate context use nucleus context
1137[11:9]          Reserved
1138[8]             Queue info flag
1139[7]             All-or-nothing flag
1140[6]             If address is a virtual address, treat its translation context as privileged
1141[5:4]           Address type of address:
1142                 0b'00        Real address
1143                 0b'01        Virtual address in primary context
1144                 0b'10        Virtual address in secondary context
1145                 0b'11        Virtual address in nucleus context
1146[3:2]           Reserved
1147[1:0]           CCB command type:
1148                 0b'00        Reserved
1149                 0b'01        Reserved
1150                 0b'10        Query command
1151                 0b'11        Reserved
1152
1153
1154
1155                                              529
1156                                             Coprocessor services
1157
1158
1159         The CCB submission type and address type for the CCB array must be provided in the flags argument.
1160         All other fields are optional values which change the default behavior of the CCB processing.
1161
1162         When set to one, the "Disable ADI for VA reads" bit will turn off ADI checking when using a virtual
1163         address to load data. ADI checking will still be done when loading real-addressed memory. This bit is only
1164         available when using major version 2 of the coprocessor API group; at major version 1 it is reserved. For
1165         more information about using ADI and DAX, see Section 36.2.1.1.7, “Application Data Integrity (ADI)”.
1166
1167         By default, all virtual addresses are treated as user addresses. If the virtual address translations are
1168         privileged, they must be marked as such in the appropriate flags field. The virtual addresses used within
1169         the submitted CCBs must all be translated with the same privilege level.
1170
1171         By default, all virtual addresses used within the submitted CCBs are translated using the primary context
1172         active at the time of the submission. The address type field within a CCB allows each address to request
1173         translation in an alternate address context. The address context used when the alternate address context is
1174         requested is selected in the flags argument.
1175
1176         The all-or-nothing flag specifies whether the virtual machine should allow partial submissions of the
1177         input CCB array. When using CCBs with serial-conditional flags, it is strongly recommended to use
1178         the all-or-nothing flag to avoid broken conditional chains. Using long CCB chains on a machine under
1179         high coprocessor load may make this impractical, however, and require submitting without the flag.
1180         When submitting serial-conditional CCBs without the all-or-nothing flag, guest software must manually
1181         implement the serial-conditional behavior at any point where the chain was not submitted in a single API
1182         call, and resubmission of the remaining CCBs should clear any conditional flag that might be set in the
1183         first remaining CCB. Failure to do so will produce indeterminate CCB execution status and ordering.
1184
1185         When the all-or-nothing flag is not specified, callers should check the value of length in ret1 to determine
1186         how many CCBs from the array were successfully submitted. Any remaining CCBs can be resubmitted
1187         without modifications.
1188
1189         The value of length in ret1 is also valid when the API call returns an error, and callers should always
1190         check its value to determine which CCBs in the array were already processed. This will additionally
1191         identify which CCB encountered the processing error, and was not submitted successfully.
1192
1193         If the queue info flag is used during submission, and at least one CCB was successfully submitted, the
1194         length value in ret1 will be a multi-field value defined as follows:
1195          Bits          Field Description
1196          [63:48]       DAX unit instance identifier
1197          [47:32]       DAX queue instance identifier
1198          [31:16]       Reserved
1199          [15:0]        Number of CCB bytes successfully submitted
1200
1201         The value of status data depends on the status value. See error status code descriptions for details.
1202         The value is undefined for status values that do not specifically list a value for the status data.
1203
1204         The API has a reserved input and output register which will be used in subsequent minor versions of this
1205         API function. Guest software implementations should treat that register as voltile across the function call
1206         in order to maintain forward compatibility.
1207
120836.3.1.1. Errors
1209          EOK                       One or more CCBs have been accepted and enqueued in the virtual machine
1210                                    and no errors were been encountered during submission. Some submitted
1211                                    CCBs may not have been enqueued due to internal virtual machine limitations,
1212                                    and may be resubmitted without changes.
1213
1214
1215                                                       530
1216                        Coprocessor services
1217
1218
1219EWOULDBLOCK    An internal resource conflict within the virtual machine has prevented it from
1220               being able to complete the CCB submissions sufficiently quickly, requiring
1221               it to abandon processing before it was complete. Some CCBs may have been
1222               successfully enqueued prior to the block, and all remaining CCBs may be
1223               resubmitted without changes.
1224EBADALIGN      CCB array is not on a 64-byte boundary, or the array length is not a multiple
1225               of 64 bytes.
1226ENORADDR       A real address used either for the CCB array, or within one of the submitted
1227               CCBs, is not valid for the guest. Some CCBs may have been enqueued prior
1228               to the error being detected.
1229ENOMAP         A virtual address used either for the CCB array, or within one of the submitted
1230               CCBs, could not be translated by the virtual machine using either the TLB
1231               or TSB contents. The submission may be retried after adding the required
1232               mapping, or by converting the virtual address into a real address. Due to the
1233               shared nature of address translation resources, there is no theoretical limit on
1234               the number of times the translation may fail, and it is recommended all guests
1235               implement some real address based backup. The virtual address which failed
1236               translation is returned as status data in ret2. Some CCBs may have been
1237               enqueued prior to the error being detected.
1238EINVAL         The virtual machine detected an invalid CCB during submission, or invalid
1239               input arguments, such as bad flag values. Note that not all invalid CCB values
1240               will be detected during submission, and some may be reported as errors in the
1241               completion area instead. Some CCBs may have been enqueued prior to the
1242               error being detected. This error may be returned if the CCB version is invalid.
1243ETOOMANY       The request was submitted with the all-or-nothing flag set, and the array size is
1244               greater than the virtual machine can support in a single request. The maximum
1245               supported size for the current virtual machine can be queried by submitting a
1246               request with a zero length array, as described above.
1247ENOACCESS      The guest does not have permission to submit CCBs, or an address used in a
1248               CCBs lacks sufficient permissions to perform the required operation (no write
1249               permission on the destination buffer address, for example). A virtual address
1250               which fails permission checking is returned as status data in ret2. Some
1251               CCBs may have been enqueued prior to the error being detected.
1252EUNAVAILABLE   The requested CCB operation could not be performed at this time. The
1253               restricted operation availability may apply only to the first unsuccessfully
1254               submitted CCB, or may apply to a larger scope. The status should not be
1255               interpreted as permanent, and the guest should attempt to submit CCBs in
1256               the future which had previously been unable to be performed. The status
1257               data provides additional information about scope of the restricted availability
1258               as follows:
1259               Value       Description
1260               0           Processing for the exact CCB instance submitted was unavailable,
1261                           and it is recommended the guest emulate the operation. The
1262                           guest should continue to submit all other CCBs, and assume no
1263                           restrictions beyond this exact CCB instance.
1264               1           Processing is unavailable for all CCBs using the requested opcode,
1265                           and it is recommended the guest emulate the operation. The
1266                           guest should continue to submit all other CCBs that use different
1267                           opcodes, but can expect continued rejections of CCBs using the
1268                           same opcode in the near future.
1269
1270
1271                                 531
1272                                              Coprocessor services
1273
1274
1275                                      Value     Description
1276                                      2         Processing is unavailable for all CCBs using the requested CCB
1277                                                version, and it is recommended the guest emulate the operation.
1278                                                The guest should continue to submit all other CCBs that use
1279                                                different CCB versions, but can expect continued rejections of
1280                                                CCBs using the same CCB version in the near future.
1281                                      3         Processing is unavailable for all CCBs on the submitting vcpu,
1282                                                and it is recommended the guest emulate the operation or resubmit
1283                                                the CCB on a different vcpu. The guest should continue to submit
1284                                                CCBs on all other vcpus but can expect continued rejections of all
1285                                                CCBs on this vcpu in the near future.
1286                                      4         Processing is unavailable for all CCBs, and it is recommended
1287                                                the guest emulate the operation. The guest should expect all CCB
1288                                                submissions to be similarly rejected in the near future.
1289
1290
129136.3.2. ccb_info
1292
1293        trap#               FAST_TRAP
1294        function#           CCB_INFO
1295        arg0                address
1296        ret0                status
1297        ret1                CCB state
1298        ret2                position
1299        ret3                dax
1300        ret4                queue
1301
1302       Requests status information on a previously submitted CCB. The previously submitted CCB is identified
1303       by the 64-byte aligned real address of the CCBs completion area.
1304
1305       A CCB can be in one of 4 states:
1306
1307
1308        State                     Value       Description
1309        COMPLETED                 0           The CCB has been fetched and executed, and is no longer active in
1310                                              the virtual machine.
1311        ENQUEUED                  1           The requested CCB is current in a queue awaiting execution.
1312        INPROGRESS                2           The CCB has been fetched and is currently being executed. It may still
1313                                              be possible to stop the execution using the ccb_kill hypercall.
1314        NOTFOUND                  3           The CCB could not be located in the virtual machine, and does not
1315                                              appear to have been executed. This may occur if the CCB was lost
1316                                              due to a hardware error, or the CCB may not have been successfully
1317                                              submitted to the virtual machine in the first place.
1318
1319               Implementation note
1320               Some platforms may not be able to report CCBs that are currently being processed, and therefore
1321               guest software should invoke the ccb_kill hypercall prior to assuming the request CCB will never
1322               be executed because it was in the NOTFOUND state.
1323
1324
1325                                                       532
1326                                             Coprocessor services
1327
1328
1329         The position return value is only valid when the state is ENQUEUED. The value returned is the number
1330         of other CCBs ahead of the requested CCB, to provide a relative estimate of when the CCB may execute.
1331
1332         The dax return value is only valid when the state is ENQUEUED. The value returned is the DAX unit
1333         instance identifier for the DAX unit processing the queue where the requested CCB is located. The value
1334         matches the value that would have been, or was, returned by ccb_submit using the queue info flag.
1335
1336         The queue return value is only valid when the state is ENQUEUED. The value returned is the DAX
1337         queue instance identifier for the DAX unit processing the queue where the requested CCB is located. The
1338         value matches the value that would have been, or was, returned by ccb_submit using the queue info flag.
1339
134036.3.2.1. Errors
1341
1342          EOK                       The request was processed and the CCB state is valid.
1343          EBADALIGN                 address is not on a 64-byte aligned.
1344          ENORADDR                  The real address provided for address is not valid.
1345          EINVAL                    The CCB completion area contents are not valid.
1346          EWOULDBLOCK               Internal resource constraints prevented the CCB state from being queried at this
1347                                    time. The guest should retry the request.
1348          ENOACCESS                 The guest does not have permission to access the coprocessor virtual device
1349                                    functionality.
1350
135136.3.3. ccb_kill
1352
1353          trap#           FAST_TRAP
1354          function#       CCB_KILL
1355          arg0            address
1356          ret0            status
1357          ret1            result
1358
1359         Request to stop execution of a previously submitted CCB. The previously submitted CCB is identified by
1360         the 64-byte aligned real address of the CCBs completion area.
1361
1362         The kill attempt can produce one of several values in the result return value, reflecting the CCB state
1363         and actions taken by the Hypervisor:
1364
1365          Result                Value       Description
1366          COMPLETED             0           The CCB has been fetched and executed, and is no longer active in
1367                                            the virtual machine. It could not be killed and no action was taken.
1368          DEQUEUED              1           The requested CCB was still enqueued when the kill request was
1369                                            submitted, and has been removed from the queue. Since the CCB
1370                                            never began execution, no memory modifications were produced by
1371                                            it, and the completion area will never be updated. The same CCB may
1372                                            be submitted again, if desired, with no modifications required.
1373          KILLED                2           The CCB had been fetched and was being executed when the kill
1374                                            request was submitted. The CCB execution was stopped, and the CCB
1375                                            is no longer active in the virtual machine. The CCB completion area
1376                                            will reflect the killed status, with the subsequent implications that
1377                                            partial results may have been produced. Partial results may include full
1378
1379
1380                                                      533
1381                                              Coprocessor services
1382
1383
1384          Result                 Value       Description
1385                                             command execution if the command was stopped just prior to writing
1386                                             to the completion area.
1387          NOTFOUND               3           The CCB could not be located in the virtual machine, and does not
1388                                             appear to have been executed. This may occur if the CCB was lost
1389                                             due to a hardware error, or the CCB may not have been successfully
1390                                             submitted to the virtual machine in the first place. CCBs in the state
1391                                             are guaranteed to never execute in the future unless resubmitted.
1392
139336.3.3.1. Interactions with Pipelined CCBs
1394
1395         If the pipeline target CCB is killed but the pipeline source CCB was skipped, the completion area of the
1396         target CCB may contain status (4,0) "Command was skipped" instead of (3,7) "Command was killed".
1397
1398         If the pipeline source CCB is killed, the pipeline target CCB's completion status may read (1,0) "Success".
1399         This does not mean the target CCB was processed; since the source CCB was killed, there was no
1400         meaningful output on which the target CCB could operate.
1401
140236.3.3.2. Errors
1403
1404          EOK                        The request was processed and the result is valid.
1405          EBADALIGN                  address is not on a 64-byte aligned.
1406          ENORADDR                   The real address provided for address is not valid.
1407          EINVAL                     The CCB completion area contents are not valid.
1408          EWOULDBLOCK                Internal resource constraints prevented the CCB from being killed at this time.
1409                                     The guest should retry the request.
1410          ENOACCESS                  The guest does not have permission to access the coprocessor virtual device
1411                                     functionality.
1412
141336.3.4. dax_info
1414          trap#            FAST_TRAP
1415          function#        DAX_INFO
1416          ret0             status
1417          ret1             Number of enabled DAX units
1418          ret2             Number of disabled DAX units
1419
1420         Returns the number of DAX units that are enabled for the calling guest to submit CCBs. The number of
1421         DAX units that are disabled for the calling guest are also returned. A disabled DAX unit would have been
1422         available for CCB submission to the calling guest had it not been offlined.
1423
142436.3.4.1. Errors
1425
1426          EOK                        The request was processed and the number of enabled/disabled DAX units
1427                                     are valid.
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432                                                       534
1433
1434