14210d50fSIsaac HazanWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>/rx_speed 24210d50fSIsaac HazanDate: Feb 2021 34210d50fSIsaac HazanKernelVersion: 5.11 44210d50fSIsaac HazanContact: Isaac Hazan <isaac.hazan@intel.com> 54210d50fSIsaac HazanDescription: This attribute reports the XDomain RX speed per lane. 64210d50fSIsaac Hazan All RX lanes run at the same speed. 74210d50fSIsaac Hazan 84210d50fSIsaac HazanWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>/rx_lanes 94210d50fSIsaac HazanDate: Feb 2021 104210d50fSIsaac HazanKernelVersion: 5.11 114210d50fSIsaac HazanContact: Isaac Hazan <isaac.hazan@intel.com> 124210d50fSIsaac HazanDescription: This attribute reports the number of RX lanes the XDomain 134210d50fSIsaac Hazan is using simultaneously through its upstream port. 144210d50fSIsaac Hazan 154210d50fSIsaac HazanWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>/tx_speed 164210d50fSIsaac HazanDate: Feb 2021 174210d50fSIsaac HazanKernelVersion: 5.11 184210d50fSIsaac HazanContact: Isaac Hazan <isaac.hazan@intel.com> 194210d50fSIsaac HazanDescription: This attribute reports the XDomain TX speed per lane. 204210d50fSIsaac Hazan All TX lanes run at the same speed. 214210d50fSIsaac Hazan 224210d50fSIsaac HazanWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>/tx_lanes 234210d50fSIsaac HazanDate: Feb 2021 244210d50fSIsaac HazanKernelVersion: 5.11 254210d50fSIsaac HazanContact: Isaac Hazan <isaac.hazan@intel.com> 264210d50fSIsaac HazanDescription: This attribute reports number of TX lanes the XDomain 274210d50fSIsaac Hazan is using simultaneously through its upstream port. 284210d50fSIsaac Hazan 299aaa3b8bSMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/boot_acl 309aaa3b8bSMika WesterbergDate: Jun 2018 319aaa3b8bSMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.17 329aaa3b8bSMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 339aaa3b8bSMika WesterbergDescription: Holds a comma separated list of device unique_ids that 349aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg are allowed to be connected automatically during system 359aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg startup (e.g boot devices). The list always contains 369aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg maximum supported number of unique_ids where unused 379aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg entries are empty. This allows the userspace software 389aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg to determine how many entries the controller supports. 399aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg If there are multiple controllers, each controller has 409aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg its own ACL list and size may be different between the 419aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg controllers. 429aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg 439aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg System BIOS may have an option "Preboot ACL" or similar 449aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg that needs to be selected before this list is taken into 459aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg consideration. 469aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg 479aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg Software always updates a full list in each write. 489aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg 499aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg If a device is authorized automatically during boot its 509aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg boot attribute is set to 1. 519aaa3b8bSMika Westerberg 523da88be2SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/deauthorization 533da88be2SMika WesterbergDate: May 2021 543da88be2SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 5.12 553da88be2SMika WesterbergContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 563da88be2SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute tells whether the system supports 573da88be2SMika Westerberg de-authorization of devices. Value of 1 means user can 583da88be2SMika Westerberg de-authorize PCIe tunnel by writing 0 to authorized 593da88be2SMika Westerberg attribute under each device. 603da88be2SMika Westerberg 61dcc3c9e3SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/iommu_dma_protection 62dcc3c9e3SMika WesterbergDate: Mar 2019 63dcc3c9e3SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.21 64dcc3c9e3SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 65dcc3c9e3SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute tells whether the system uses IOMMU 66dcc3c9e3SMika Westerberg for DMA protection. Value of 1 means IOMMU is used 0 means 67dcc3c9e3SMika Westerberg it is not (DMA protection is solely based on Thunderbolt 68dcc3c9e3SMika Westerberg security levels). 69dcc3c9e3SMika Westerberg 70f67cf491SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../domainX/security 71f67cf491SMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 72f67cf491SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 73f67cf491SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 74f67cf491SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute holds current Thunderbolt security level 75f67cf491SMika Westerberg set by the system BIOS. Possible values are: 76f67cf491SMika Westerberg 7734433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab ======= ================================================== 7834433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab none All devices are automatically authorized 7934433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab user Devices are only authorized based on writing 80f67cf491SMika Westerberg appropriate value to the authorized attribute 8134433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab secure Require devices that support secure connect at 82f67cf491SMika Westerberg minimum. User needs to authorize each device. 8334433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab dponly Automatically tunnel Display port (and USB). No 84f67cf491SMika Westerberg PCIe tunnels are created. 8534433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab usbonly Automatically tunnel USB controller of the 866fc14e1aSMika Westerberg connected Thunderbolt dock (and Display Port). All 876fc14e1aSMika Westerberg PCIe links downstream of the dock are removed. 88*3cd542e6SMika Westerberg nopcie USB4 system where PCIe tunneling is disabled from 89*3cd542e6SMika Westerberg the BIOS. 9034433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab ======= ================================================== 91f67cf491SMika Westerberg 92f67cf491SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../authorized 93f67cf491SMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 94f67cf491SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 95f67cf491SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 96f67cf491SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute is used to authorize Thunderbolt devices 97f67cf491SMika Westerberg after they have been connected. If the device is not 983da88be2SMika Westerberg authorized, no PCIe devices are available to the system. 99f67cf491SMika Westerberg 100f67cf491SMika Westerberg Contents of this attribute will be 0 when the device is not 101f67cf491SMika Westerberg yet authorized. 102f67cf491SMika Westerberg 103f67cf491SMika Westerberg Possible values are supported: 10434433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab 1053da88be2SMika Westerberg == =================================================== 1063da88be2SMika Westerberg 0 The device will be de-authorized (only supported if 1073da88be2SMika Westerberg deauthorization attribute under domain contains 1) 10834433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab 1 The device will be authorized and connected 1093da88be2SMika Westerberg == =================================================== 110f67cf491SMika Westerberg 111f67cf491SMika Westerberg When key attribute contains 32 byte hex string the possible 112f67cf491SMika Westerberg values are: 11334433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab 11434433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab == ======================================================== 1153da88be2SMika Westerberg 0 The device will be de-authorized (only supported if 1163da88be2SMika Westerberg deauthorization attribute under domain contains 1) 11734433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab 1 The 32 byte hex string is added to the device NVM and 118f67cf491SMika Westerberg the device is authorized. 11934433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab 2 Send a challenge based on the 32 byte hex string. If the 120f67cf491SMika Westerberg challenge response from device is valid, the device is 121f67cf491SMika Westerberg authorized. In case of failure errno will be ENOKEY if 122f67cf491SMika Westerberg the device did not contain a key at all, and 123f67cf491SMika Westerberg EKEYREJECTED if the challenge response did not match. 12434433332SMauro Carvalho Chehab == ======================================================== 125f67cf491SMika Westerberg 12614862ee3SYehezkel BernatWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../boot 12714862ee3SYehezkel BernatDate: Jun 2018 12814862ee3SYehezkel BernatKernelVersion: 4.17 12914862ee3SYehezkel BernatContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 13014862ee3SYehezkel BernatDescription: This attribute contains 1 if Thunderbolt device was already 13114862ee3SYehezkel Bernat authorized on boot and 0 otherwise. 13214862ee3SYehezkel Bernat 133b406357cSChristian KellnerWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../generation 134b406357cSChristian KellnerDate: Jan 2020 135b406357cSChristian KellnerKernelVersion: 5.5 136b406357cSChristian KellnerContact: Christian Kellner <christian@kellner.me> 137b406357cSChristian KellnerDescription: This attribute contains the generation of the Thunderbolt 138b406357cSChristian Kellner controller associated with the device. It will contain 4 139b406357cSChristian Kellner for USB4. 140b406357cSChristian Kellner 141f67cf491SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../key 142f67cf491SMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 143f67cf491SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 144f67cf491SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 145f67cf491SMika WesterbergDescription: When a devices supports Thunderbolt secure connect it will 146f67cf491SMika Westerberg have this attribute. Writing 32 byte hex string changes 147f67cf491SMika Westerberg authorization to use the secure connection method instead. 148e545f0d8SBernat, Yehezkel Writing an empty string clears the key and regular connection 149e545f0d8SBernat, Yehezkel method can be used again. 150f67cf491SMika Westerberg 151bfe778acSMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../device 152bfe778acSMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 153bfe778acSMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 154bfe778acSMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 155bfe778acSMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute contains id of this device extracted from 156bfe778acSMika Westerberg the device DROM. 157bfe778acSMika Westerberg 15872ee3390SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../device_name 15972ee3390SMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 16072ee3390SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 16172ee3390SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 16272ee3390SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute contains name of this device extracted from 16372ee3390SMika Westerberg the device DROM. 16472ee3390SMika Westerberg 16591c0c120SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../rx_speed 16691c0c120SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2020 16791c0c120SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 5.5 16891c0c120SMika WesterbergContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 16991c0c120SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute reports the device RX speed per lane. 17091c0c120SMika Westerberg All RX lanes run at the same speed. 17191c0c120SMika Westerberg 17291c0c120SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../rx_lanes 17391c0c120SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2020 17491c0c120SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 5.5 17591c0c120SMika WesterbergContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 17691c0c120SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute reports number of RX lanes the device is 17791c0c120SMika Westerberg using simultaneusly through its upstream port. 17891c0c120SMika Westerberg 17991c0c120SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../tx_speed 18091c0c120SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2020 18191c0c120SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 5.5 18291c0c120SMika WesterbergContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 18391c0c120SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute reports the TX speed per lane. 18491c0c120SMika Westerberg All TX lanes run at the same speed. 18591c0c120SMika Westerberg 18691c0c120SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../tx_lanes 18791c0c120SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2020 18891c0c120SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 5.5 18991c0c120SMika WesterbergContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 19091c0c120SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute reports number of TX lanes the device is 19191c0c120SMika Westerberg using simultaneusly through its upstream port. 19291c0c120SMika Westerberg 193bfe778acSMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../vendor 194bfe778acSMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 195bfe778acSMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 196bfe778acSMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 197bfe778acSMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute contains vendor id of this device extracted 198bfe778acSMika Westerberg from the device DROM. 199bfe778acSMika Westerberg 20072ee3390SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../vendor_name 20172ee3390SMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 20272ee3390SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 20372ee3390SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 20472ee3390SMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute contains vendor name of this device extracted 20572ee3390SMika Westerberg from the device DROM. 20672ee3390SMika Westerberg 207bfe778acSMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../unique_id 208bfe778acSMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 209bfe778acSMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 210bfe778acSMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 211bfe778acSMika WesterbergDescription: This attribute contains unique_id string of this device. 212bfe778acSMika Westerberg This is either read from hardware registers (UUID on 213bfe778acSMika Westerberg newer hardware) or based on UID from the device DROM. 214bfe778acSMika Westerberg Can be used to uniquely identify particular device. 215e6b245ccSMika Westerberg 216e6b245ccSMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../nvm_version 217e6b245ccSMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 218e6b245ccSMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 219e6b245ccSMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 220e6b245ccSMika WesterbergDescription: If the device has upgradeable firmware the version 221e6b245ccSMika Westerberg number is available here. Format: %x.%x, major.minor. 222e6b245ccSMika Westerberg If the device is in safe mode reading the file returns 223e6b245ccSMika Westerberg -ENODATA instead as the NVM version is not available. 224e6b245ccSMika Westerberg 225e6b245ccSMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../nvm_authenticate 226e6b245ccSMika WesterbergDate: Sep 2017 227e6b245ccSMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.13 228e6b245ccSMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 229e6b245ccSMika WesterbergDescription: When new NVM image is written to the non-active NVM 230e6b245ccSMika Westerberg area (through non_activeX NVMem device), the 2314b794f80SMario Limonciello authentication procedure is started by writing to 2324b794f80SMario Limonciello this file. 2334b794f80SMario Limonciello If everything goes well, the device is 234e6b245ccSMika Westerberg restarted with the new NVM firmware. If the image 235e6b245ccSMika Westerberg verification fails an error code is returned instead. 236e6b245ccSMika Westerberg 2374b794f80SMario Limonciello This file will accept writing values "1" or "2" 23854a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab 2394b794f80SMario Limonciello - Writing "1" will flush the image to the storage 2404b794f80SMario Limonciello area and authenticate the image in one action. 2414b794f80SMario Limonciello - Writing "2" will run some basic validation on the image 2424b794f80SMario Limonciello and flush it to the storage area. 2434b794f80SMario Limonciello 244e6b245ccSMika Westerberg When read holds status of the last authentication 245e6b245ccSMika Westerberg operation if an error occurred during the process. This 246e6b245ccSMika Westerberg is directly the status value from the DMA configuration 247e6b245ccSMika Westerberg based mailbox before the device is power cycled. Writing 248e6b245ccSMika Westerberg 0 here clears the status. 249d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 250d1ff7024SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/key 251d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2018 252d1ff7024SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.15 253d1ff7024SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 254d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDescription: This contains name of the property directory the XDomain 255d1ff7024SMika Westerberg service exposes. This entry describes the protocol in 256d1ff7024SMika Westerberg question. Following directories are already reserved by 257d1ff7024SMika Westerberg the Apple XDomain specification: 258d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 25954a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab ======== =============================================== 26054a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab network IP/ethernet over Thunderbolt 26154a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab targetdm Target disk mode protocol over Thunderbolt 26254a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab extdisp External display mode protocol over Thunderbolt 26354a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab ======== =============================================== 264d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 265d1ff7024SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/modalias 266d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2018 267d1ff7024SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.15 268d1ff7024SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 269d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDescription: Stores the same MODALIAS value emitted by uevent for 270d1ff7024SMika Westerberg the XDomain service. Format: tbtsvc:kSpNvNrN 271d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 272d1ff7024SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcid 273d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2018 274d1ff7024SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.15 275d1ff7024SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 276d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDescription: This contains XDomain protocol identifier the XDomain 277d1ff7024SMika Westerberg service supports. 278d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 279d1ff7024SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcvers 280d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2018 281d1ff7024SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.15 282d1ff7024SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 283d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDescription: This contains XDomain protocol version the XDomain 284d1ff7024SMika Westerberg service supports. 285d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 286d1ff7024SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcrevs 287d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2018 288d1ff7024SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.15 289d1ff7024SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 290d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDescription: This contains XDomain software version the XDomain 291d1ff7024SMika Westerberg service supports. 292d1ff7024SMika Westerberg 293d1ff7024SMika WesterbergWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<xdomain>.<service>/prtcstns 294d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDate: Jan 2018 295d1ff7024SMika WesterbergKernelVersion: 4.15 296d1ff7024SMika WesterbergContact: thunderbolt-software@lists.01.org 297d1ff7024SMika WesterbergDescription: This contains XDomain service specific settings as 298d1ff7024SMika Westerberg bitmask. Format: %x 299dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala 300dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/device 301dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDate: Oct 2020 302dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaKernelVersion: v5.9 303dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 304dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDescription: Retimer device identifier read from the hardware. 305dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala 306dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/nvm_authenticate 307dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDate: Oct 2020 308dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaKernelVersion: v5.9 309dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 310dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDescription: When new NVM image is written to the non-active NVM 311dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala area (through non_activeX NVMem device), the 312dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala authentication procedure is started by writing 1 to 313dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala this file. If everything goes well, the device is 314dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala restarted with the new NVM firmware. If the image 315dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala verification fails an error code is returned instead. 316dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala 317dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala When read holds status of the last authentication 318dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala operation if an error occurred during the process. 319dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala Format: %x. 320dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala 321dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/nvm_version 322dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDate: Oct 2020 323dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaKernelVersion: v5.9 324dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 325dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDescription: Holds retimer NVM version number. Format: %x.%x, major.minor. 326dacb1287SKranthi Kuntala 327dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/<device>:<port>.<index>/vendor 328dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDate: Oct 2020 329dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaKernelVersion: v5.9 330dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaContact: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com> 331dacb1287SKranthi KuntalaDescription: Retimer vendor identifier read from the hardware. 3321cb36293SMario Limonciello 3331cb36293SMario LimoncielloWhat: /sys/bus/thunderbolt/devices/.../nvm_authenticate_on_disconnect 3341cb36293SMario LimoncielloDate: Oct 2020 3351cb36293SMario LimoncielloKernelVersion: v5.9 3361cb36293SMario LimoncielloContact: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello@dell.com> 3371cb36293SMario LimoncielloDescription: For supported devices, automatically authenticate the new Thunderbolt 3381cb36293SMario Limonciello image when the device is disconnected from the host system. 3391cb36293SMario Limonciello 3401cb36293SMario Limonciello This file will accept writing values "1" or "2" 34154a19b4dSMauro Carvalho Chehab 3421cb36293SMario Limonciello - Writing "1" will flush the image to the storage 3431cb36293SMario Limonciello area and prepare the device for authentication on disconnect. 3441cb36293SMario Limonciello - Writing "2" will run some basic validation on the image 3451cb36293SMario Limonciello and flush it to the storage area. 346