xref: /openbmc/libcper/json-schema.c (revision 45e04b0a)
1 /**
2  * A very basic, non-complete implementation of a validator for the JSON Schema specification,
3  * for validating CPER-JSON.
4  *
5  * Author: Lawrence.Tang@arm.com
6  **/
7 
8 #include <stdio.h>
9 #include <string.h>
10 #include <unistd.h>
11 #include <libgen.h>
12 #include <limits.h>
13 #include "json.h"
14 #include "json-schema.h"
15 #include "edk/BaseTypes.h"
16 
17 //Private pre-definitions.
18 int validate_field(const char* name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message);
19 int validate_integer(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message);
20 int validate_string(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message);
21 int validate_object(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message);
22 int validate_array(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message);
23 
24 //Validates a single JSON object against a provided schema file, returning 1 on success and 0 on failure to validate.
25 //Error message space must be allocated prior to call.
26 int validate_schema_from_file(const char* schema_file, json_object* object, char* error_message)
27 {
28     //Load schema IR from file.
29     json_object* schema_ir = json_object_from_file(schema_file);
30     if (schema_ir == NULL)
31     {
32         sprintf(error_message, "Failed to load schema from file '%s'.", schema_file);
33         return 0;
34     }
35 
36     //Get the directory of the file.
37     char* schema_file_copy = malloc(strlen(schema_file) + 1);
38     strcpy(schema_file_copy, schema_file);
39     char* schema_dir = dirname(schema_file_copy);
40 
41     int result = validate_schema(schema_ir, schema_dir, object, error_message);
42 
43     //Free memory from directory call.
44     free(schema_file_copy);
45 
46     return result;
47 }
48 
49 //Validates a single JSON object against a provided schema, returning 1 on success and 0 on failure to validate.
50 //Error message space must be allocated prior to call.
51 //If the schema does not include any other sub-schemas using "$ref", then leaving schema_directory as NULL is valid.
52 int validate_schema(json_object* schema, char* schema_directory, json_object* object, char* error_message)
53 {
54     //Check that the schema version is the same as this validator.
55     json_object* schema_ver = json_object_object_get(schema, "$schema");
56     if (schema_ver == NULL || strcmp(json_object_get_string(schema_ver), JSON_SCHEMA_VERSION))
57     {
58         sprintf(error_message, "Provided schema is not of the same version that is referenced by this validator, or is not a schema.");
59         return 0;
60     }
61 
62     //Change current directory into the schema directory.
63     char* original_cwd = malloc(PATH_MAX);
64     if (getcwd(original_cwd, PATH_MAX) == NULL)
65     {
66         sprintf(error_message, "Failed fetching the current directory.");
67         return 0;
68     }
69     if (chdir(schema_directory))
70     {
71         sprintf(error_message, "Failed to chdir into schema directory.");
72         return 0;
73     }
74 
75     //Parse the top level structure appropriately.
76     int result = validate_field("parent", schema, object, error_message);
77 
78     //Change back to original CWD.
79     chdir(original_cwd);
80     free(original_cwd);
81 
82     return result;
83 }
84 
85 //Validates a single JSON field given a schema/object.
86 int validate_field(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message)
87 {
88     //If there is a "$ref" field, attempt to load the referenced schema.
89     json_object* ref_schema = json_object_object_get(schema, "$ref");
90     if (ref_schema != NULL && json_object_get_type(ref_schema) == json_type_string)
91     {
92         //Attempt to load. If loading fails, report error.
93         const char* ref_path = json_object_get_string(ref_schema);
94         schema = json_object_from_file(ref_path);
95         if (schema == NULL)
96         {
97             sprintf(error_message, "Failed to open referenced schema file '%s'.", ref_path);
98             return 0;
99         }
100     }
101 
102     //Get the schema field type.
103     json_object* desired_field_type = json_object_object_get(schema, "type");
104     if (desired_field_type == NULL || !json_object_is_type(desired_field_type, json_type_string))
105     {
106         sprintf(error_message, "Desired field type not provided within schema/is not a string for field '%s' (schema violation).", field_name);
107         return 0;
108     }
109 
110     //Check the field types are actually equal.
111     const char* desired_field_type_str = json_object_get_string(desired_field_type);
112     if (!(
113         (!strcmp(desired_field_type_str, "object") && json_object_is_type(object, json_type_object))
114         || (!strcmp(desired_field_type_str, "array") && json_object_is_type(object, json_type_array))
115         || (!strcmp(desired_field_type_str, "integer") && json_object_is_type(object, json_type_int))
116         || (!strcmp(desired_field_type_str, "string") && json_object_is_type(object, json_type_string))
117         || (!strcmp(desired_field_type_str, "boolean") && json_object_is_type(object, json_type_boolean))
118         || (!strcmp(desired_field_type_str, "double") && json_object_is_type(object, json_type_double))
119     ))
120     {
121         sprintf(error_message, "Field type match failed for field '%s'.", field_name);
122         return 0;
123     }
124 
125     //todo: support oneOf
126 
127     //Switch and validate each type in turn.
128     switch (json_object_get_type(object))
129     {
130         case json_type_int:
131             return validate_integer(field_name, schema, object, error_message);
132         case json_type_string:
133             return validate_string(field_name, schema, object, error_message);
134         case json_type_object:
135             return validate_object(field_name, schema, object, error_message);
136         case json_type_array:
137             return validate_object(field_name, schema, object, error_message);
138 
139         //We don't perform extra validation on this type.
140         default:
141             return 1;
142     }
143 }
144 
145 //Validates a single integer value according to the given specification.
146 int validate_integer(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message)
147 {
148     //Is there a minimum/maximum specified? If so, check those.
149     //Validate minimum.
150     json_object* min_value = json_object_object_get(schema, "minimum");
151     if (min_value != NULL && json_object_is_type(min_value, json_type_int))
152     {
153         int min_value_int = json_object_get_int(min_value);
154         if (json_object_get_uint64(object) < min_value_int)
155         {
156             sprintf(error_message, "Failed to validate integer field '%s'. Value was below minimum of %d.", field_name, min_value_int);
157             return 0;
158         }
159     }
160 
161     //Validate maximum.
162     json_object* max_value = json_object_object_get(schema, "maximum");
163     if (max_value != NULL && json_object_is_type(max_value, json_type_int))
164     {
165         int max_value_int = json_object_get_int(max_value);
166         if (json_object_get_uint64(object) > max_value_int)
167         {
168             sprintf(error_message, "Failed to validate integer field '%s'. Value was above maximum of %d.", field_name, max_value_int);
169             return 0;
170         }
171     }
172 
173     return 1;
174 }
175 
176 //Validates a single string value according to the given specification.
177 int validate_string(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message)
178 {
179     //todo: if there is a "pattern" field, verify the string with RegEx.
180     return 1;
181 }
182 
183 //Validates a single object value according to the given specification.
184 int validate_object(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message)
185 {
186     //Are there a set of "required" fields? If so, check they all exist.
187     json_object* required_fields = json_object_object_get(schema, "required");
188     if (required_fields != NULL && json_object_get_type(required_fields) == json_type_array)
189     {
190         int len = json_object_array_length(required_fields);
191         for (int i=0; i<len; i++)
192         {
193             //Get the required field from schema.
194             json_object* required_field = json_object_array_get_idx(required_fields, i);
195             if (json_object_get_type(required_field) != json_type_string)
196             {
197                 sprintf(error_message, "Required field for object '%s' is not a string (schema violation).", field_name);
198                 return 0;
199             }
200 
201             //Does it exist in the object?
202             const char* required_field_str = json_object_get_string(required_field);
203             if (json_object_object_get(object, required_field_str) == NULL)
204             {
205                 sprintf(error_message, "Required field '%s' was not present in object '%s'.", required_field_str, field_name);
206                 return 0;
207             }
208         }
209     }
210 
211     //If the boolean field "additionalProperties" exists and is set to false, ensure there are no
212     //extra properties apart from those required in the object.
213     //... todo
214 
215     //Run through the "properties" object and validate each of those in turn.
216     json_object* properties = json_object_object_get(schema, "properties");
217     if (properties != NULL && json_object_get_type(properties) == json_type_object)
218     {
219         json_object_object_foreach(properties, key, value) {
220 
221             //If the given property name does not exist on the target object, ignore and continue next.
222             json_object* object_prop = json_object_object_get(object, key);
223             if (object_prop == NULL)
224                 continue;
225 
226             //Validate against the schema.
227             if (!validate_field(key, value, object_prop, error_message))
228                 return 0;
229         }
230     }
231 
232     return 1;
233 }
234 
235 //Validates a single array value according to the given specification.
236 int validate_array(const char* field_name, json_object* schema, json_object* object, char* error_message)
237 {
238     //Iterate all items in the array, and validate according to the "items" schema.
239     json_object* items_schema = json_object_object_get(schema, "items");
240     if (items_schema != NULL && json_object_get_type(items_schema) == json_type_object)
241     {
242         int array_len = json_object_array_length(object);
243         for (int i=0; i<array_len; i++)
244         {
245             if (!validate_field(field_name, items_schema, json_object_array_get_idx(object, i), error_message))
246                 return 0;
247         }
248     }
249 
250     return 1;
251 }