1Attribution 4.0 International 2 3======================================================================= 4 5Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and 6does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of 7Creative Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or 8other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related 9information available on an "as-is" basis. Creative Commons gives no 10warranties regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their 11terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons 12disclaims all liability for damages resulting from their use to the 13fullest extent possible. 14 15Using Creative Commons Public Licenses 16 17Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and 18conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share 19original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright 20and certain other rights specified in the public license below. The 21following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not 22exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses. 23 24 Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are 25 intended for use by those authorized to give the public 26 permission to use material in ways otherwise restricted by 27 copyright and certain other rights. Our licenses are 28 irrevocable. Licensors should read and understand the terms 29 and conditions of the license they choose before applying it. 30 Licensors should also secure all rights necessary before 31 applying our licenses so that the public can reuse the 32 material as expected. Licensors should clearly mark any 33 material not subject to the license. This includes other CC- 34 licensed material, or material used under an exception or 35 limitation to copyright. More considerations for licensors: 36 wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors 37 38 Considerations for the public: By using one of our public 39 licenses, a licensor grants the public permission to use the 40 licensed material under specified terms and conditions. If 41 the licensor's permission is not necessary for any reason--for 42 example, because of any applicable exception or limitation to 43 copyright--then that use is not regulated by the license. Our 44 licenses grant only permissions under copyright and certain 45 other rights that a licensor has authority to grant. Use of 46 the licensed material may still be restricted for other 47 reasons, including because others have copyright or other 48 rights in the material. A licensor may make special requests, 49 such as asking that all changes be marked or described. 50 Although not required by our licenses, you are encouraged to 51 respect those requests where reasonable. More considerations 52 for the public: 53 wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensees 54 55======================================================================= 56 57Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License 58 59By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree 60to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons 61Attribution 4.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the 62extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are 63granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of 64these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in 65consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the 66Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions. 67 68 69Section 1 -- Definitions. 70 71 a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar 72 Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material 73 and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, 74 arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring 75 permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the 76 Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed 77 Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, 78 Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is 79 synched in timed relation with a moving image. 80 81 b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright 82 and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in 83 accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License. 84 85 c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights 86 closely related to copyright including, without limitation, 87 performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database 88 Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or 89 categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights 90 specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar 91 Rights. 92 93 d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the 94 absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws 95 fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright 96 Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international 97 agreements. 98 99 e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or 100 any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights 101 that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material. 102 103 f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, 104 or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public 105 License. 106 107 g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the 108 terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to 109 all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the 110 Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license. 111 112 h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights 113 under this Public License. 114 115 i. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or 116 process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such 117 as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, 118 dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material 119 available to the public including in ways that members of the 120 public may access the material from a place and at a time 121 individually chosen by them. 122 123 j. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright 124 resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of 125 the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, 126 as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially 127 equivalent rights anywhere in the world. 128 129 k. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights 130 under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning. 131 132 133Section 2 -- Scope. 134 135 a. License grant. 136 137 1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, 138 the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, 139 non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to 140 exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to: 141 142 a. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or 143 in part; and 144 145 b. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material. 146 147 2. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where 148 Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public 149 License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with 150 its terms and conditions. 151 152 3. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 153 6(a). 154 155 4. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The 156 Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in 157 all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, 158 and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The 159 Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or 160 authority to forbid You from making technical modifications 161 necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including 162 technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective 163 Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, 164 simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a) 165 (4) never produces Adapted Material. 166 167 5. Downstream recipients. 168 169 a. Offer from the Licensor -- Licensed Material. Every 170 recipient of the Licensed Material automatically 171 receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the 172 Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this 173 Public License. 174 175 b. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose 176 any additional or different terms or conditions on, or 177 apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the 178 Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the 179 Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed 180 Material. 181 182 6. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or 183 may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You 184 are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected 185 with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, 186 the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as 187 provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i). 188 189 b. Other rights. 190 191 1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not 192 licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, 193 privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to 194 the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to 195 assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited 196 extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed 197 Rights, but not otherwise. 198 199 2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this 200 Public License. 201 202 3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to 203 collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed 204 Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society 205 under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory 206 licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly 207 reserves any right to collect such royalties. 208 209 210Section 3 -- License Conditions. 211 212Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the 213following conditions. 214 215 a. Attribution. 216 217 1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified 218 form), You must: 219 220 a. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor 221 with the Licensed Material: 222 223 i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed 224 Material and any others designated to receive 225 attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by 226 the Licensor (including by pseudonym if 227 designated); 228 229 ii. a copyright notice; 230 231 iii. a notice that refers to this Public License; 232 233 iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of 234 warranties; 235 236 v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the 237 extent reasonably practicable; 238 239 b. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and 240 retain an indication of any previous modifications; and 241 242 c. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this 243 Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or 244 hyperlink to, this Public License. 245 246 2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any 247 reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in 248 which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be 249 reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or 250 hyperlink to a resource that includes the required 251 information. 252 253 3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the 254 information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent 255 reasonably practicable. 256 257 4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's 258 License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted 259 Material from complying with this Public License. 260 261 262Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights. 263 264Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that 265apply to Your use of the Licensed Material: 266 267 a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right 268 to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial 269 portion of the contents of the database; 270 271 b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database 272 contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database 273 Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database 274 Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and 275 276 c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share 277 all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database. 278 279For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not 280replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed 281Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights. 282 283 284Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability. 285 286 a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE 287 EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS 288 AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF 289 ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, 290 IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, 291 WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 292 PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, 293 ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT 294 KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT 295 ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. 296 297 b. TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE 298 TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, 299 NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, 300 INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, 301 COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR 302 USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN 303 ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR 304 DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR 305 IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. 306 307 c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided 308 above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent 309 possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and 310 waiver of all liability. 311 312 313Section 6 -- Term and Termination. 314 315 a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and 316 Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with 317 this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License 318 terminate automatically. 319 320 b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under 321 Section 6(a), it reinstates: 322 323 1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided 324 it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the 325 violation; or 326 327 2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor. 328 329 For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any 330 right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations 331 of this Public License. 332 333 c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the 334 Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop 335 distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so 336 will not terminate this Public License. 337 338 d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public 339 License. 340 341 342Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions. 343 344 a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different 345 terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed. 346 347 b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the 348 Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and 349 independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License. 350 351 352Section 8 -- Interpretation. 353 354 a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and 355 shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose 356 conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully 357 be made without permission under this Public License. 358 359 b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is 360 deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the 361 minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision 362 cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License 363 without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and 364 conditions. 365 366 c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no 367 failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the 368 Licensor. 369 370 d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted 371 as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities 372 that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal 373 processes of any jurisdiction or authority. 374 375 376======================================================================= 377 378Creative Commons is not a party to its public 379licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of 380its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances 381will be considered the "Licensor." The text of the Creative Commons 382public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public 383Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that 384material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as 385otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at 386creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the 387use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo 388of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, 389without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications 390to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, 391understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For 392the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the 393public licenses. 394 395Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. 396 397