xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/i386/microvm.c (revision e289655cea93bd50856a0896e2d49e5c7ed10c3b)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2018 Intel Corporation
3  * Copyright (c) 2019 Red Hat, Inc.
4  *
5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
7  * version 2 or later, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
12  * more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15  * this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16  */
17 
18 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
19 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
20 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
21 #include "qemu/units.h"
22 #include "qapi/error.h"
23 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
24 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
25 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
26 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
27 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
28 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
29 
30 #include "hw/loader.h"
31 #include "hw/irq.h"
32 #include "hw/kvm/clock.h"
33 #include "hw/i386/microvm.h"
34 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
35 #include "target/i386/cpu.h"
36 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
37 #include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
38 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
39 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
40 #include "hw/i386/topology.h"
41 #include "hw/i386/e820_memory_layout.h"
42 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
43 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-mmio.h"
44 
45 #include "cpu.h"
46 #include "elf.h"
47 #include "kvm_i386.h"
48 #include "hw/xen/start_info.h"
49 
50 #define MICROVM_BIOS_FILENAME "bios-microvm.bin"
51 
52 static void microvm_set_rtc(MicrovmMachineState *mms, ISADevice *s)
53 {
54     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(mms);
55     int val;
56 
57     val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
58     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
59     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
60     /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
61     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
62         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
63     } else {
64         val = 0;
65     }
66     if (val > 65535) {
67         val = 65535;
68     }
69     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
70     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
71     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
72     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
73     /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
74     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
75         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
76     } else {
77         val = 0;
78     }
79     if (val > 65535) {
80         val = 65535;
81     }
82     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
83     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
84     /* memory above 4GiB */
85     val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
86     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5b, val);
87     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
88     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
89 }
90 
91 static void microvm_gsi_handler(void *opaque, int n, int level)
92 {
93     GSIState *s = opaque;
94 
95     qemu_set_irq(s->ioapic_irq[n], level);
96 }
97 
98 static void microvm_devices_init(MicrovmMachineState *mms)
99 {
100     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(mms);
101     ISABus *isa_bus;
102     ISADevice *rtc_state;
103     GSIState *gsi_state;
104     int i;
105 
106     /* Core components */
107 
108     gsi_state = g_malloc0(sizeof(*gsi_state));
109     if (mms->pic == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON || mms->pic == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO) {
110         x86ms->gsi = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, gsi_state, GSI_NUM_PINS);
111     } else {
112         x86ms->gsi = qemu_allocate_irqs(microvm_gsi_handler,
113                                         gsi_state, GSI_NUM_PINS);
114     }
115 
116     isa_bus = isa_bus_new(NULL, get_system_memory(), get_system_io(),
117                           &error_abort);
118     isa_bus_irqs(isa_bus, x86ms->gsi);
119 
120     ioapic_init_gsi(gsi_state, "machine");
121 
122     kvmclock_create();
123 
124     for (i = 0; i < VIRTIO_NUM_TRANSPORTS; i++) {
125         sysbus_create_simple("virtio-mmio",
126                              VIRTIO_MMIO_BASE + i * 512,
127                              x86ms->gsi[VIRTIO_IRQ_BASE + i]);
128     }
129 
130     /* Optional and legacy devices */
131 
132     if (mms->pic == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON || mms->pic == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO) {
133         qemu_irq *i8259;
134 
135         i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
136         for (i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
137             gsi_state->i8259_irq[i] = i8259[i];
138         }
139         g_free(i8259);
140     }
141 
142     if (mms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON || mms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO) {
143         if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
144             kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
145         } else {
146             i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, 0, NULL);
147         }
148     }
149 
150     if (mms->rtc == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON ||
151         (mms->rtc == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO && !kvm_enabled())) {
152         rtc_state = mc146818_rtc_init(isa_bus, 2000, NULL);
153         microvm_set_rtc(mms, rtc_state);
154     }
155 
156     if (mms->isa_serial) {
157         serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, 1);
158     }
159 
160     if (bios_name == NULL) {
161         bios_name = MICROVM_BIOS_FILENAME;
162     }
163     x86_bios_rom_init(get_system_memory(), true);
164 }
165 
166 static void microvm_memory_init(MicrovmMachineState *mms)
167 {
168     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(mms);
169     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(mms);
170     MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
171     MemoryRegion *system_memory = get_system_memory();
172     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
173     ram_addr_t lowmem = 0xc0000000; /* 3G */
174     int i;
175 
176     /*
177      * Handle the machine opt max-ram-below-4g.  It is basically doing
178      * min(qemu limit, user limit).
179      */
180     if (!x86ms->max_ram_below_4g) {
181         x86ms->max_ram_below_4g = 4 * GiB;
182     }
183     if (lowmem > x86ms->max_ram_below_4g) {
184         lowmem = x86ms->max_ram_below_4g;
185         if (machine->ram_size - lowmem > lowmem &&
186             lowmem & (1 * GiB - 1)) {
187             warn_report("There is possibly poor performance as the ram size "
188                         " (0x%" PRIx64 ") is more then twice the size of"
189                         " max-ram-below-4g (%"PRIu64") and"
190                         " max-ram-below-4g is not a multiple of 1G.",
191                         (uint64_t)machine->ram_size, x86ms->max_ram_below_4g);
192         }
193     }
194 
195     if (machine->ram_size > lowmem) {
196         x86ms->above_4g_mem_size = machine->ram_size - lowmem;
197         x86ms->below_4g_mem_size = lowmem;
198     } else {
199         x86ms->above_4g_mem_size = 0;
200         x86ms->below_4g_mem_size = machine->ram_size;
201     }
202 
203     ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
204     memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
205                              0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
206     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
207 
208     e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
209 
210     if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
211         ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
212         memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
213                                  machine->ram,
214                                  x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
215                                  x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
216         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x100000000ULL,
217                                     ram_above_4g);
218         e820_add_entry(0x100000000ULL, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
219     }
220 
221     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io_dma(FW_CFG_IO_BASE, FW_CFG_IO_BASE + 4,
222                                 &address_space_memory);
223 
224     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, machine->smp.cpus);
225     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_MAX_CPUS, machine->smp.max_cpus);
226     fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_RAM_SIZE, (uint64_t)machine->ram_size);
227     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_IRQ0_OVERRIDE, kvm_allows_irq0_override());
228     fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_E820_TABLE,
229                      &e820_reserve, sizeof(e820_reserve));
230     fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/e820", e820_table,
231                     sizeof(struct e820_entry) * e820_get_num_entries());
232 
233     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
234 
235     if (machine->kernel_filename != NULL) {
236         x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, 0, true, true);
237     }
238 
239     if (mms->option_roms) {
240         for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
241             rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
242         }
243     }
244 
245     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
246     x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
247 }
248 
249 static gchar *microvm_get_mmio_cmdline(gchar *name)
250 {
251     gchar *cmdline;
252     gchar *separator;
253     long int index;
254     int ret;
255 
256     separator = g_strrstr(name, ".");
257     if (!separator) {
258         return NULL;
259     }
260 
261     if (qemu_strtol(separator + 1, NULL, 10, &index) != 0) {
262         return NULL;
263     }
264 
265     cmdline = g_malloc0(VIRTIO_CMDLINE_MAXLEN);
266     ret = g_snprintf(cmdline, VIRTIO_CMDLINE_MAXLEN,
267                      " virtio_mmio.device=512@0x%lx:%ld",
268                      VIRTIO_MMIO_BASE + index * 512,
269                      VIRTIO_IRQ_BASE + index);
270     if (ret < 0 || ret >= VIRTIO_CMDLINE_MAXLEN) {
271         g_free(cmdline);
272         return NULL;
273     }
274 
275     return cmdline;
276 }
277 
278 static void microvm_fix_kernel_cmdline(MachineState *machine)
279 {
280     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(machine);
281     BusState *bus;
282     BusChild *kid;
283     char *cmdline;
284 
285     /*
286      * Find MMIO transports with attached devices, and add them to the kernel
287      * command line.
288      *
289      * Yes, this is a hack, but one that heavily improves the UX without
290      * introducing any significant issues.
291      */
292     cmdline = g_strdup(machine->kernel_cmdline);
293     bus = sysbus_get_default();
294     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
295         DeviceState *dev = kid->child;
296         ObjectClass *class = object_get_class(OBJECT(dev));
297 
298         if (class == object_class_by_name(TYPE_VIRTIO_MMIO)) {
299             VirtIOMMIOProxy *mmio = VIRTIO_MMIO(OBJECT(dev));
300             VirtioBusState *mmio_virtio_bus = &mmio->bus;
301             BusState *mmio_bus = &mmio_virtio_bus->parent_obj;
302 
303             if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mmio_bus->children)) {
304                 gchar *mmio_cmdline = microvm_get_mmio_cmdline(mmio_bus->name);
305                 if (mmio_cmdline) {
306                     char *newcmd = g_strjoin(NULL, cmdline, mmio_cmdline, NULL);
307                     g_free(mmio_cmdline);
308                     g_free(cmdline);
309                     cmdline = newcmd;
310                 }
311             }
312         }
313     }
314 
315     fw_cfg_modify_i32(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_SIZE, strlen(cmdline) + 1);
316     fw_cfg_modify_string(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_CMDLINE_DATA, cmdline);
317 
318     g_free(cmdline);
319 }
320 
321 static void microvm_machine_state_init(MachineState *machine)
322 {
323     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(machine);
324     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(machine);
325     Error *local_err = NULL;
326 
327     microvm_memory_init(mms);
328 
329     x86_cpus_init(x86ms, CPU_VERSION_LATEST);
330     if (local_err) {
331         error_report_err(local_err);
332         exit(1);
333     }
334 
335     microvm_devices_init(mms);
336 }
337 
338 static void microvm_machine_reset(MachineState *machine)
339 {
340     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(machine);
341     CPUState *cs;
342     X86CPU *cpu;
343 
344     if (machine->kernel_filename != NULL &&
345         mms->auto_kernel_cmdline && !mms->kernel_cmdline_fixed) {
346         microvm_fix_kernel_cmdline(machine);
347         mms->kernel_cmdline_fixed = true;
348     }
349 
350     qemu_devices_reset();
351 
352     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
353         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
354 
355         if (cpu->apic_state) {
356             device_legacy_reset(cpu->apic_state);
357         }
358     }
359 }
360 
361 static void microvm_machine_get_pic(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
362                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
363 {
364     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
365     OnOffAuto pic = mms->pic;
366 
367     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pic, errp);
368 }
369 
370 static void microvm_machine_set_pic(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
371                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
372 {
373     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
374 
375     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &mms->pic, errp);
376 }
377 
378 static void microvm_machine_get_pit(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
379                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
380 {
381     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
382     OnOffAuto pit = mms->pit;
383 
384     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pit, errp);
385 }
386 
387 static void microvm_machine_set_pit(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
388                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
389 {
390     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
391 
392     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &mms->pit, errp);
393 }
394 
395 static void microvm_machine_get_rtc(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
396                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
397 {
398     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
399     OnOffAuto rtc = mms->rtc;
400 
401     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &rtc, errp);
402 }
403 
404 static void microvm_machine_set_rtc(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
405                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
406 {
407     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
408 
409     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &mms->rtc, errp);
410 }
411 
412 static bool microvm_machine_get_isa_serial(Object *obj, Error **errp)
413 {
414     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
415 
416     return mms->isa_serial;
417 }
418 
419 static void microvm_machine_set_isa_serial(Object *obj, bool value,
420                                            Error **errp)
421 {
422     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
423 
424     mms->isa_serial = value;
425 }
426 
427 static bool microvm_machine_get_option_roms(Object *obj, Error **errp)
428 {
429     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
430 
431     return mms->option_roms;
432 }
433 
434 static void microvm_machine_set_option_roms(Object *obj, bool value,
435                                             Error **errp)
436 {
437     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
438 
439     mms->option_roms = value;
440 }
441 
442 static bool microvm_machine_get_auto_kernel_cmdline(Object *obj, Error **errp)
443 {
444     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
445 
446     return mms->auto_kernel_cmdline;
447 }
448 
449 static void microvm_machine_set_auto_kernel_cmdline(Object *obj, bool value,
450                                                     Error **errp)
451 {
452     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
453 
454     mms->auto_kernel_cmdline = value;
455 }
456 
457 static void microvm_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
458 {
459     MicrovmMachineState *mms = MICROVM_MACHINE(obj);
460 
461     /* Configuration */
462     mms->pic = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
463     mms->pit = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
464     mms->rtc = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
465     mms->isa_serial = true;
466     mms->option_roms = true;
467     mms->auto_kernel_cmdline = true;
468 
469     /* State */
470     mms->kernel_cmdline_fixed = false;
471 }
472 
473 static void microvm_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
474 {
475     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
476 
477     mc->init = microvm_machine_state_init;
478 
479     mc->family = "microvm_i386";
480     mc->desc = "microvm (i386)";
481     mc->units_per_default_bus = 1;
482     mc->no_floppy = 1;
483     mc->max_cpus = 288;
484     mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = false;
485     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = false;
486     mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
487     mc->nvdimm_supported = false;
488     mc->default_ram_id = "microvm.ram";
489 
490     /* Avoid relying too much on kernel components */
491     mc->default_kernel_irqchip_split = true;
492 
493     /* Machine class handlers */
494     mc->reset = microvm_machine_reset;
495 
496     object_class_property_add(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_PIC, "OnOffAuto",
497                               microvm_machine_get_pic,
498                               microvm_machine_set_pic,
499                               NULL, NULL);
500     object_class_property_set_description(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_PIC,
501         "Enable i8259 PIC");
502 
503     object_class_property_add(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_PIT, "OnOffAuto",
504                               microvm_machine_get_pit,
505                               microvm_machine_set_pit,
506                               NULL, NULL);
507     object_class_property_set_description(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_PIT,
508         "Enable i8254 PIT");
509 
510     object_class_property_add(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_RTC, "OnOffAuto",
511                               microvm_machine_get_rtc,
512                               microvm_machine_set_rtc,
513                               NULL, NULL);
514     object_class_property_set_description(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_RTC,
515         "Enable MC146818 RTC");
516 
517     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_ISA_SERIAL,
518                                    microvm_machine_get_isa_serial,
519                                    microvm_machine_set_isa_serial);
520     object_class_property_set_description(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_ISA_SERIAL,
521         "Set off to disable the instantiation an ISA serial port");
522 
523     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_OPTION_ROMS,
524                                    microvm_machine_get_option_roms,
525                                    microvm_machine_set_option_roms);
526     object_class_property_set_description(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_OPTION_ROMS,
527         "Set off to disable loading option ROMs");
528 
529     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, MICROVM_MACHINE_AUTO_KERNEL_CMDLINE,
530                                    microvm_machine_get_auto_kernel_cmdline,
531                                    microvm_machine_set_auto_kernel_cmdline);
532     object_class_property_set_description(oc,
533         MICROVM_MACHINE_AUTO_KERNEL_CMDLINE,
534         "Set off to disable adding virtio-mmio devices to the kernel cmdline");
535 }
536 
537 static const TypeInfo microvm_machine_info = {
538     .name          = TYPE_MICROVM_MACHINE,
539     .parent        = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
540     .instance_size = sizeof(MicrovmMachineState),
541     .instance_init = microvm_machine_initfn,
542     .class_size    = sizeof(MicrovmMachineClass),
543     .class_init    = microvm_class_init,
544     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
545          { }
546     },
547 };
548 
549 static void microvm_machine_init(void)
550 {
551     type_register_static(&microvm_machine_info);
552 }
553 type_init(microvm_machine_init);
554