xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c (revision b7d8c1483bbf6ec9d2dd76d6a1c91a38c3f6ac35)
1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include <stdarg.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <err.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/stat.h>
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <signal.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <getopt.h>
37 #include <dirent.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <ctype.h>
40 #include <sched.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <cpuid.h>
43 #include <linux/capability.h>
44 #include <errno.h>
45 
46 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
47 FILE *outf;
48 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
49 unsigned int debug;
50 unsigned int rapl_joules;
51 unsigned int summary_only;
52 unsigned int dump_only;
53 unsigned int skip_c0;
54 unsigned int skip_c1;
55 unsigned int do_nhm_cstates;
56 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
58 unsigned int do_pc2;
59 unsigned int do_pc3;
60 unsigned int do_pc6;
61 unsigned int do_pc7;
62 unsigned int do_c8_c9_c10;
63 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
64 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
65 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
66 unsigned int has_aperf;
67 unsigned int has_epb;
68 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
69 unsigned int genuine_intel;
70 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
71 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
72 unsigned int extra_msr_offset32;
73 unsigned int extra_msr_offset64;
74 unsigned int extra_delta_offset32;
75 unsigned int extra_delta_offset64;
76 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
77 int do_smi;
78 double bclk;
79 double base_hz;
80 unsigned int has_base_hz;
81 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
82 unsigned int show_pkg;
83 unsigned int show_core;
84 unsigned int show_cpu;
85 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
86 unsigned int show_core_only;
87 char *output_buffer, *outp;
88 unsigned int do_rapl;
89 unsigned int do_dts;
90 unsigned int do_ptm;
91 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
92 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
93 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
94 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
95 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
96 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
97 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
98 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
99 unsigned int crystal_hz;
100 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
101 int base_cpu;
102 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
103 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
104 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
105 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
106 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
107 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
108 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
109 
110 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
111 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
112 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
113 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
114 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
115 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
116 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
117 
118 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
119 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
120 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
121 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
122 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
123 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
124 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
125 
126 #define RAPL_CORES		(1 << 6)
127 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
128 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
129 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
130 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
131 
132 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
133 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
134 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
135 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
136 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
137 
138 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
139 
140 int aperf_mperf_unstable;
141 int backwards_count;
142 char *progname;
143 
144 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
145 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
146 
147 struct thread_data {
148 	unsigned long long tsc;
149 	unsigned long long aperf;
150 	unsigned long long mperf;
151 	unsigned long long c1;
152 	unsigned long long extra_msr64;
153 	unsigned long long extra_delta64;
154 	unsigned long long extra_msr32;
155 	unsigned long long extra_delta32;
156 	unsigned int smi_count;
157 	unsigned int cpu_id;
158 	unsigned int flags;
159 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
160 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
161 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
162 
163 struct core_data {
164 	unsigned long long c3;
165 	unsigned long long c6;
166 	unsigned long long c7;
167 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
168 	unsigned int core_id;
169 } *core_even, *core_odd;
170 
171 struct pkg_data {
172 	unsigned long long pc2;
173 	unsigned long long pc3;
174 	unsigned long long pc6;
175 	unsigned long long pc7;
176 	unsigned long long pc8;
177 	unsigned long long pc9;
178 	unsigned long long pc10;
179 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
180 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
181 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
182 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
183 	unsigned int package_id;
184 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
185 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
186 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
187 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
188 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
189 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
190 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
191 
192 } *package_even, *package_odd;
193 
194 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
195 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
196 
197 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
198 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
199 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
200 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
201 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
202 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
203 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
204 
205 struct system_summary {
206 	struct thread_data threads;
207 	struct core_data cores;
208 	struct pkg_data packages;
209 } sum, average;
210 
211 
212 struct topo_params {
213 	int num_packages;
214 	int num_cpus;
215 	int num_cores;
216 	int max_cpu_num;
217 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
218 	int num_threads_per_core;
219 } topo;
220 
221 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
222 
223 void setup_all_buffers(void);
224 
225 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
226 {
227 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
228 }
229 /*
230  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
231  * skip non-present cpus
232  */
233 
234 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
235 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
236 {
237 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
238 
239 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
240 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
241 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
242 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
243 				struct thread_data *t;
244 				struct core_data *c;
245 				struct pkg_data *p;
246 
247 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
248 
249 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
250 					continue;
251 
252 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
253 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
254 
255 				retval = func(t, c, p);
256 				if (retval)
257 					return retval;
258 			}
259 		}
260 	}
261 	return 0;
262 }
263 
264 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
265 {
266 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
267 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
268 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
269 		return -1;
270 	else
271 		return 0;
272 }
273 
274 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
275 {
276 	ssize_t retval;
277 	char pathname[32];
278 	int fd;
279 
280 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
281 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
282 	if (fd < 0)
283 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
284 
285 	retval = pread(fd, msr, sizeof *msr, offset);
286 	close(fd);
287 
288 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
289 		err(-1, "%s offset 0x%llx read failed", pathname, (unsigned long long)offset);
290 
291 	return 0;
292 }
293 
294 /*
295  * Example Format w/ field column widths:
296  *
297  *  Package    Core     CPU Avg_MHz Bzy_MHz TSC_MHz     SMI   Busy% CPU_%c1 CPU_%c3 CPU_%c6 CPU_%c7 CoreTmp  PkgTmp Pkg%pc2 Pkg%pc3 Pkg%pc6 Pkg%pc7 PkgWatt CorWatt GFXWatt
298  * 123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678
299  */
300 
301 void print_header(void)
302 {
303 	if (show_pkg)
304 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Package");
305 	if (show_core)
306 		outp += sprintf(outp, "    Core");
307 	if (show_cpu)
308 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     CPU");
309 	if (has_aperf)
310 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Avg_MHz");
311 	if (has_aperf)
312 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   Busy%%");
313 	if (has_aperf)
314 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Bzy_MHz");
315 	outp += sprintf(outp, " TSC_MHz");
316 
317 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
318 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  count 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset32);
319 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
320 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  COUNT 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset64);
321 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
322 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   MSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset32);
323 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
324 		outp += sprintf(outp, "           MSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset64);
325 
326 	if (!debug)
327 		goto done;
328 
329 	if (do_smi)
330 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     SMI");
331 
332 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
333 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c1");
334 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
335 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c3");
336 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
337 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c6");
338 	if (do_snb_cstates)
339 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c7");
340 
341 	if (do_dts)
342 		outp += sprintf(outp, " CoreTmp");
343 	if (do_ptm)
344 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  PkgTmp");
345 
346 	if (do_skl_residency) {
347 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Totl%%C0");
348 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  Any%%C0");
349 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  GFX%%C0");
350 		outp += sprintf(outp, " CPUGFX%%");
351 	}
352 
353 	if (do_pc2)
354 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc2");
355 	if (do_pc3)
356 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc3");
357 	if (do_pc6)
358 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc6");
359 	if (do_pc7)
360 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc7");
361 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
362 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc8");
363 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc9");
364 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pk%%pc10");
365 	}
366 
367 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
368 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
369 			outp += sprintf(outp, " PkgWatt");
370 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
371 			outp += sprintf(outp, " CorWatt");
372 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
373 			outp += sprintf(outp, " GFXWatt");
374 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
375 			outp += sprintf(outp, " RAMWatt");
376 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
377 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   PKG_%%");
378 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
379 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_%%");
380 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
381 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
382 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   Pkg_J");
383 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
384 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   Cor_J");
385 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
386 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   GFX_J");
387 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
388 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_J");
389 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
390 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   PKG_%%");
391 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
392 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_%%");
393 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   time");
394 
395 	}
396     done:
397 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
398 }
399 
400 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
401 	struct pkg_data *p)
402 {
403 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
404 
405 	if (t) {
406 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
407 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
408 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
409 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
410 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
411 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
412 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
413 			extra_delta_offset32, t->extra_delta32);
414 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
415 			extra_delta_offset64, t->extra_delta64);
416 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
417 			extra_msr_offset32, t->extra_msr32);
418 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
419 			extra_msr_offset64, t->extra_msr64);
420 		if (do_smi)
421 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
422 	}
423 
424 	if (c) {
425 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
426 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
427 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
428 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
429 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
430 	}
431 
432 	if (p) {
433 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
434 
435 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
436 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
437 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
438 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
439 
440 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
441 		if (do_pc3)
442 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
443 		if (do_pc6)
444 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
445 		if (do_pc7)
446 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
447 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
448 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
449 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
450 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
451 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
452 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
453 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
454 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
455 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
456 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
457 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
458 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
459 	}
460 
461 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
462 
463 	return 0;
464 }
465 
466 /*
467  * column formatting convention & formats
468  */
469 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
470 	struct pkg_data *p)
471 {
472 	double interval_float;
473 	char *fmt8;
474 
475 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
476 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
477 		return 0;
478 
479 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
480 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
481 		return 0;
482 
483 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
484 
485 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
486 	if (t == &average.threads) {
487 		if (show_pkg)
488 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
489 		if (show_core)
490 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
491 		if (show_cpu)
492 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
493 	} else {
494 		if (show_pkg) {
495 			if (p)
496 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->package_id);
497 			else
498 				outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
499 		}
500 		if (show_core) {
501 			if (c)
502 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", c->core_id);
503 			else
504 				outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
505 		}
506 		if (show_cpu)
507 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->cpu_id);
508 	}
509 
510 	/* Avg_MHz */
511 	if (has_aperf)
512 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f",
513 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
514 
515 	/* Busy% */
516 	if (has_aperf) {
517 		if (!skip_c0)
518 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc/tsc_tweak);
519 		else
520 			outp += sprintf(outp, "********");
521 	}
522 
523 	/* Bzy_MHz */
524 	if (has_aperf) {
525 		if (has_base_hz)
526 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
527 		else
528 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f",
529 				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
530 	}
531 
532 	/* TSC_MHz */
533 	outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
534 
535 	/* delta */
536 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
537 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  %11llu", t->extra_delta32);
538 
539 	/* DELTA */
540 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
541 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  %11llu", t->extra_delta64);
542 	/* msr */
543 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
544 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%08llx", t->extra_msr32);
545 
546 	/* MSR */
547 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
548 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%016llx", t->extra_msr64);
549 
550 	if (!debug)
551 		goto done;
552 
553 	/* SMI */
554 	if (do_smi)
555 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->smi_count);
556 
557 	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
558 		if (!skip_c1)
559 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
560 		else
561 			outp += sprintf(outp, "********");
562 	}
563 
564 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
565 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
566 		goto done;
567 
568 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
569 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
570 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
571 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
572 	if (do_snb_cstates)
573 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
574 
575 	if (do_dts)
576 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", c->core_temp_c);
577 
578 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
579 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
580 		goto done;
581 
582 	/* PkgTmp */
583 	if (do_ptm)
584 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->pkg_temp_c);
585 
586 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
587 	if (do_skl_residency) {
588 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/t->tsc);
589 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/t->tsc);
590 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
591 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
592 	}
593 
594 	if (do_pc2)
595 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
596 	if (do_pc3)
597 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
598 	if (do_pc6)
599 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
600 	if (do_pc7)
601 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
602 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
603 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/t->tsc);
604 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/t->tsc);
605 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/t->tsc);
606 	}
607 
608 	/*
609  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
610  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
611  	 */
612 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
613 		fmt8 = "%8.2f";
614 	else
615 		fmt8 = " %6.0f**";
616 
617 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
618 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
619 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
620 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
621 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
622 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
623 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
624 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
625 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
626 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
627 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
628 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
629 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
630 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
631 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
632 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
633 					p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
634 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
635 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
636 					p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
637 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
638 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
639 					p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
640 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
641 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
642 					p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
643 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
644 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
645 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
646 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
647 
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, interval_float);
649 	}
650 done:
651 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
652 
653 	return 0;
654 }
655 
656 void flush_output_stdout(void)
657 {
658 	FILE *filep;
659 
660 	if (outf == stderr)
661 		filep = stdout;
662 	else
663 		filep = outf;
664 
665 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
666 	fflush(filep);
667 
668 	outp = output_buffer;
669 }
670 void flush_output_stderr(void)
671 {
672 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
673 	fflush(outf);
674 	outp = output_buffer;
675 }
676 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
677 {
678 	static int printed;
679 
680 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
681 		print_header();
682 
683 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
684 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
685 			&average.packages);
686 
687 	printed = 1;
688 
689 	if (summary_only)
690 		return;
691 
692 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
693 }
694 
695 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
696 	if (new > old) {			\
697 		old = new - old;		\
698 	} else {				\
699 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
700 	}
701 
702 void
703 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
704 {
705 
706 	if (do_skl_residency) {
707 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
708 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
709 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
710 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
711 	}
712 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
713 	if (do_pc3)
714 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
715 	if (do_pc6)
716 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
717 	if (do_pc7)
718 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
719 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
720 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
721 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
722 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
723 
724 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
725 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
726 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
727 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
728 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
729 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
730 }
731 
732 void
733 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
734 {
735 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
736 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
737 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
738 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
739 }
740 
741 /*
742  * old = new - old
743  */
744 void
745 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
746 	struct core_data *core_delta)
747 {
748 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
749 
750 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
751 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
752 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
753 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
754 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
755 
756 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
757 
758 	if (has_aperf) {
759 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
760 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
761 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
762 		} else {
763 
764 			if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
765 				fprintf(outf, "%s: APERF or MPERF went backwards *\n", progname);
766 				fprintf(outf, "* Frequency results do not cover entire interval *\n");
767 				fprintf(outf, "* fix this by running Linux-2.6.30 or later *\n");
768 
769 				aperf_mperf_unstable = 1;
770 			}
771 			/*
772 			 * mperf delta is likely a huge "positive" number
773 			 * can not use it for calculating c0 time
774 			 */
775 			skip_c0 = 1;
776 			skip_c1 = 1;
777 		}
778 	}
779 
780 
781 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
782 		/*
783 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
784 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
785 		 */
786 	} else {
787 		/*
788 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
789 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
790 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
791 		 */
792 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
793 			old->c1 = 0;
794 		else {
795 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
796 			old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
797 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
798 		}
799 	}
800 
801 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
802 		if (debug > 1)
803 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
804 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
805 	}
806 
807 	old->extra_delta32 = new->extra_delta32 - old->extra_delta32;
808 	old->extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
809 
810 	old->extra_delta64 = new->extra_delta64 - old->extra_delta64;
811 
812 	/*
813 	 * Extra MSR is just a snapshot, simply copy latest w/o subtracting
814 	 */
815 	old->extra_msr32 = new->extra_msr32;
816 	old->extra_msr64 = new->extra_msr64;
817 
818 	if (do_smi)
819 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
820 }
821 
822 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
823 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
824 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
825 {
826 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
827 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
828 		delta_core(c, c2);
829 
830 	/* always calculate thread delta */
831 	delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
832 
833 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
834 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
835 		delta_package(p, p2);
836 
837 	return 0;
838 }
839 
840 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
841 {
842 	t->tsc = 0;
843 	t->aperf = 0;
844 	t->mperf = 0;
845 	t->c1 = 0;
846 
847 	t->smi_count = 0;
848 	t->extra_delta32 = 0;
849 	t->extra_delta64 = 0;
850 
851 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
852 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
853 
854 	c->c3 = 0;
855 	c->c6 = 0;
856 	c->c7 = 0;
857 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
858 
859 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
860 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
861 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
862 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
863 
864 	p->pc2 = 0;
865 	if (do_pc3)
866 		p->pc3 = 0;
867 	if (do_pc6)
868 		p->pc6 = 0;
869 	if (do_pc7)
870 		p->pc7 = 0;
871 	p->pc8 = 0;
872 	p->pc9 = 0;
873 	p->pc10 = 0;
874 
875 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
876 	p->energy_dram = 0;
877 	p->energy_cores = 0;
878 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
879 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
880 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
881 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
882 }
883 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
884 	struct pkg_data *p)
885 {
886 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
887 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
888 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
889 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
890 
891 	average.threads.extra_delta32 += t->extra_delta32;
892 	average.threads.extra_delta64 += t->extra_delta64;
893 
894 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
895 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
896 		return 0;
897 
898 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
899 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
900 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
901 
902 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
903 
904 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
905 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
906 		return 0;
907 
908 	if (do_skl_residency) {
909 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
910 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
911 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
912 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
913 	}
914 
915 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
916 	if (do_pc3)
917 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
918 	if (do_pc6)
919 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
920 	if (do_pc7)
921 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
922 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
923 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
924 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
925 
926 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
927 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
928 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
929 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
930 
931 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
932 
933 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
934 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
935 	return 0;
936 }
937 /*
938  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
939  * compute the weighted average
940  */
941 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
942 	struct pkg_data *p)
943 {
944 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
945 
946 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
947 
948 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
949 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
950 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
951 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
952 
953 	average.threads.extra_delta32 /= topo.num_cpus;
954 	average.threads.extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
955 
956 	average.threads.extra_delta64 /= topo.num_cpus;
957 
958 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
959 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
960 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
961 
962 	if (do_skl_residency) {
963 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
964 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
965 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
966 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
967 	}
968 
969 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
970 	if (do_pc3)
971 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
972 	if (do_pc6)
973 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
974 	if (do_pc7)
975 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
976 
977 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
978 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
979 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
980 }
981 
982 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
983 {
984 	unsigned int low, high;
985 
986 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
987 
988 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
989 }
990 
991 
992 /*
993  * get_counters(...)
994  * migrate to cpu
995  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
996  */
997 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
998 {
999 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1000 	unsigned long long msr;
1001 
1002 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1003 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1004 		return -1;
1005 	}
1006 
1007 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1008 
1009 	if (has_aperf) {
1010 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1011 			return -3;
1012 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1013 			return -4;
1014 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1015 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1016 	}
1017 
1018 	if (do_smi) {
1019 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1020 			return -5;
1021 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1022 	}
1023 	if (extra_delta_offset32) {
1024 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset32, &msr))
1025 			return -5;
1026 		t->extra_delta32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1027 	}
1028 
1029 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
1030 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset64, &t->extra_delta64))
1031 			return -5;
1032 
1033 	if (extra_msr_offset32) {
1034 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset32, &msr))
1035 			return -5;
1036 		t->extra_msr32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
1040 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset64, &t->extra_msr64))
1041 			return -5;
1042 
1043 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1044 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1045 			return -6;
1046 	}
1047 
1048 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1049 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1050 		return 0;
1051 
1052 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1053 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1054 			return -6;
1055 	}
1056 
1057 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1058 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1059 			return -7;
1060 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1061 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1062 			return -7;
1063 	}
1064 
1065 	if (do_snb_cstates)
1066 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1067 			return -8;
1068 
1069 	if (do_dts) {
1070 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1071 			return -9;
1072 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1073 	}
1074 
1075 
1076 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1077 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1078 		return 0;
1079 
1080 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1081 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1082 			return -10;
1083 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1084 			return -11;
1085 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1086 			return -12;
1087 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1088 			return -13;
1089 	}
1090 	if (do_pc3)
1091 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1092 			return -9;
1093 	if (do_pc6)
1094 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1095 			return -10;
1096 	if (do_pc2)
1097 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1098 			return -11;
1099 	if (do_pc7)
1100 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1101 			return -12;
1102 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
1103 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1104 			return -13;
1105 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1106 			return -13;
1107 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1108 			return -13;
1109 	}
1110 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1111 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1112 			return -13;
1113 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1114 	}
1115 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) {
1116 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1117 			return -14;
1118 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1119 	}
1120 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1121 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1122 			return -15;
1123 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1124 	}
1125 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1126 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1127 			return -16;
1128 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1129 	}
1130 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1131 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1132 			return -16;
1133 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1134 	}
1135 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1136 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1137 			return -16;
1138 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1139 	}
1140 	if (do_ptm) {
1141 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1142 			return -17;
1143 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1144 	}
1145 	return 0;
1146 }
1147 
1148 /*
1149  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1150  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1151  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1152  */
1153 
1154 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1155 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1156 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1157 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1158 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1159 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1160 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1161 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1162 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1163 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1164 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1165 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1166 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1167 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1168 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1169 
1170 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1171 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1172 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1173 
1174 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1175 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1176 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1177 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1178 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1179 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1180 
1181 
1182 static void
1183 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1184 {
1185 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1186 }
1187 
1188 static void
1189 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1190 {
1191 	unsigned long long msr;
1192 	unsigned int ratio;
1193 
1194 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1195 
1196 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1197 
1198 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1199 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1200 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1201 
1202 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1203 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz base frequency\n",
1204 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1205 
1206 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1207 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1208 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1209 
1210 	return;
1211 }
1212 
1213 static void
1214 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1215 {
1216 	unsigned long long msr;
1217 	unsigned int ratio;
1218 
1219 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1220 
1221 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1222 
1223 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1224 	if (ratio)
1225 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1226 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1227 
1228 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1229 	if (ratio)
1230 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1231 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1232 	return;
1233 }
1234 
1235 static void
1236 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1237 {
1238 	unsigned long long msr;
1239 	unsigned int ratio;
1240 
1241 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1242 
1243 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1244 
1245 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1246 	if (ratio)
1247 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1248 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1249 
1250 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1251 	if (ratio)
1252 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1253 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1254 
1255 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1256 	if (ratio)
1257 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1258 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1259 
1260 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1261 	if (ratio)
1262 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1263 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1264 
1265 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1266 	if (ratio)
1267 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1268 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1269 
1270 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1271 	if (ratio)
1272 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1273 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1274 
1275 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1276 	if (ratio)
1277 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1278 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1279 
1280 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1281 	if (ratio)
1282 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1283 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1284 	return;
1285 }
1286 
1287 static void
1288 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1289 {
1290 	unsigned long long msr;
1291 	unsigned int ratio;
1292 
1293 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1294 
1295 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1296 
1297 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1298 	if (ratio)
1299 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1300 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1301 
1302 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1303 	if (ratio)
1304 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1305 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1306 
1307 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1308 	if (ratio)
1309 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1310 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1311 
1312 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1313 	if (ratio)
1314 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1315 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1316 
1317 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1318 	if (ratio)
1319 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1320 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1321 
1322 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1323 	if (ratio)
1324 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1325 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1326 
1327 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1328 	if (ratio)
1329 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1330 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1331 
1332 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1333 	if (ratio)
1334 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1335 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1336 	return;
1337 }
1338 
1339 static void
1340 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1341 {
1342 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1343 
1344 	unsigned long long msr;
1345 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1346 	int i, b_nr;
1347 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1348 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1349 
1350 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1351 
1352 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1353 		base_cpu, msr);
1354 
1355 	/**
1356 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1357 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1358 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1359 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1360 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1361 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1362 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1363 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1364 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1365 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1366 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1367 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1368 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1369 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1370 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1371 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1372 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1373 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1374 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1375 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1376 	 */
1377 
1378 	b_nr = 0;
1379 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1380 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1381 
1382 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1383 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1384 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1385 
1386 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1387 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1388 		b_nr++;
1389 	}
1390 
1391 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1392 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1393 			fprintf(outf,
1394 				"%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1395 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1396 }
1397 
1398 static void
1399 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1400 {
1401 	unsigned long long msr;
1402 
1403 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
1404 
1405 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1406 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1407 
1408 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1409 
1410 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1411 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1412 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1413 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1414 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1415 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1416 		(unsigned int)msr & 7,
1417 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1418 	return;
1419 }
1420 
1421 static void
1422 dump_config_tdp(void)
1423 {
1424 	unsigned long long msr;
1425 
1426 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1427 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1428 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xEF);
1429 
1430 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1431 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1432 	if (msr) {
1433 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0xEFFF);
1434 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0xEFFF);
1435 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xEF);
1436 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xEFFF);
1437 	}
1438 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1439 
1440 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1441 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1442 	if (msr) {
1443 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0xEFFF);
1444 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0xEFFF);
1445 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xEF);
1446 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xEFFF);
1447 	}
1448 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1449 
1450 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1451 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1452 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1453 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1454 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1455 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1456 
1457 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1458 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1459 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7F);
1460 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1461 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1462 }
1463 
1464 void free_all_buffers(void)
1465 {
1466 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1467 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1468 	cpu_present_set = 0;
1469 
1470 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1471 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1472 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1473 
1474 	free(thread_even);
1475 	free(core_even);
1476 	free(package_even);
1477 
1478 	thread_even = NULL;
1479 	core_even = NULL;
1480 	package_even = NULL;
1481 
1482 	free(thread_odd);
1483 	free(core_odd);
1484 	free(package_odd);
1485 
1486 	thread_odd = NULL;
1487 	core_odd = NULL;
1488 	package_odd = NULL;
1489 
1490 	free(output_buffer);
1491 	output_buffer = NULL;
1492 	outp = NULL;
1493 }
1494 
1495 /*
1496  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1497  */
1498 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1499 {
1500 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1501 	if (!filep)
1502 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1503 	return filep;
1504 }
1505 
1506 /*
1507  * Parse a file containing a single int.
1508  */
1509 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
1510 {
1511 	va_list args;
1512 	char path[PATH_MAX];
1513 	FILE *filep;
1514 	int value;
1515 
1516 	va_start(args, fmt);
1517 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
1518 	va_end(args);
1519 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1520 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
1521 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
1522 	fclose(filep);
1523 	return value;
1524 }
1525 
1526 /*
1527  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
1528  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
1529  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
1530  */
1531 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
1532 {
1533 	char path[64];
1534 	FILE *filep;
1535 	int this_cpu;
1536 	char character;
1537 	int i;
1538 
1539 	sprintf(path,
1540 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
1541 		cpu);
1542 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
1543 	if (filep == NULL) {
1544 		perror(path);
1545 		exit(1);
1546 	}
1547 
1548 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
1549 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
1550 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
1551 			fclose(filep);
1552 			return i;
1553 		}
1554 
1555 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
1556 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
1557 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
1558 	}
1559 
1560 	fclose(filep);
1561 	return -1;
1562 }
1563 
1564 /*
1565  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
1566  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
1567  */
1568 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
1569 {
1570 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
1571 }
1572 
1573 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
1574 {
1575 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
1576 }
1577 
1578 int get_core_id(int cpu)
1579 {
1580 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
1581 }
1582 
1583 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
1584 {
1585 	char path[80];
1586 	FILE *filep;
1587 	int sib1;
1588 	int matches = 0;
1589 	char character;
1590 	char str[100];
1591 	char *ch;
1592 
1593 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
1594 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1595 
1596 	/*
1597 	 * file format:
1598 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
1599 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
1600 	 */
1601 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
1602 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
1603 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
1604 	ch = strchr(str, character);
1605 	while (ch != NULL) {
1606 		matches++;
1607 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
1608 	}
1609 
1610 	fclose(filep);
1611 	return matches+1;
1612 }
1613 
1614 /*
1615  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
1616  * skip non-present cpus
1617  */
1618 
1619 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1620 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1621 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
1622 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
1623 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
1624 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
1625 {
1626 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
1627 
1628 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
1629 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
1630 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
1631 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
1632 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
1633 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
1634 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
1635 
1636 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1637 
1638 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
1639 					continue;
1640 
1641 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1642 
1643 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
1644 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
1645 
1646 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
1647 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
1648 
1649 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
1650 				if (retval)
1651 					return retval;
1652 			}
1653 		}
1654 	}
1655 	return 0;
1656 }
1657 
1658 /*
1659  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
1660  * return max_cpu number
1661  */
1662 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
1663 {
1664 	FILE *fp;
1665 	int cpu_num;
1666 	int retval;
1667 
1668 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
1669 
1670 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
1671 	if (retval != 0)
1672 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
1673 
1674 	while (1) {
1675 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
1676 		if (retval != 1)
1677 			break;
1678 
1679 		retval = func(cpu_num);
1680 		if (retval) {
1681 			fclose(fp);
1682 			return(retval);
1683 		}
1684 	}
1685 	fclose(fp);
1686 	return 0;
1687 }
1688 
1689 void re_initialize(void)
1690 {
1691 	free_all_buffers();
1692 	setup_all_buffers();
1693 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
1694 }
1695 
1696 
1697 /*
1698  * count_cpus()
1699  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
1700  */
1701 int count_cpus(int cpu)
1702 {
1703 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
1704 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
1705 
1706 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
1707 	return 0;
1708 }
1709 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
1710 {
1711 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
1712 	return 0;
1713 }
1714 
1715 void turbostat_loop()
1716 {
1717 	int retval;
1718 	int restarted = 0;
1719 
1720 restart:
1721 	restarted++;
1722 
1723 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
1724 	if (retval < -1) {
1725 		exit(retval);
1726 	} else if (retval == -1) {
1727 		if (restarted > 1) {
1728 			exit(retval);
1729 		}
1730 		re_initialize();
1731 		goto restart;
1732 	}
1733 	restarted = 0;
1734 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1735 
1736 	while (1) {
1737 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
1738 			re_initialize();
1739 			goto restart;
1740 		}
1741 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
1742 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
1743 		if (retval < -1) {
1744 			exit(retval);
1745 		} else if (retval == -1) {
1746 			re_initialize();
1747 			goto restart;
1748 		}
1749 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1750 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
1751 		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
1752 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
1753 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
1754 		flush_output_stdout();
1755 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
1756 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
1757 		if (retval < -1) {
1758 			exit(retval);
1759 		} else if (retval == -1) {
1760 			re_initialize();
1761 			goto restart;
1762 		}
1763 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
1764 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
1765 		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS);
1766 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
1767 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
1768 		flush_output_stdout();
1769 	}
1770 }
1771 
1772 void check_dev_msr()
1773 {
1774 	struct stat sb;
1775 	char pathname[32];
1776 
1777 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
1778 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
1779  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
1780 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
1781 }
1782 
1783 void check_permissions()
1784 {
1785 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
1786 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
1787 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
1788 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
1789 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
1790 	int do_exit = 0;
1791 	char pathname[32];
1792 
1793 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
1794 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
1795 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
1796 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
1797 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
1798 
1799 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
1800 		do_exit++;
1801 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
1802 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
1803 	}
1804 
1805 	/* test file permissions */
1806 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
1807 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
1808 		do_exit++;
1809 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
1810 	}
1811 
1812 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
1813 	if (do_exit)
1814 		if (getuid() != 0)
1815 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
1816 
1817 	if (do_exit)
1818 		exit(-6);
1819 }
1820 
1821 /*
1822  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
1823  *
1824  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
1825  *
1826  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
1827  * MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL     0x000000e2
1828  *
1829  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
1830  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
1831  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
1832  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
1833  *
1834  * Side effect:
1835  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL
1836  */
1837 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
1838 {
1839 	unsigned long long msr;
1840 	unsigned int base_ratio;
1841 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
1842 
1843 	if (!genuine_intel)
1844 		return 0;
1845 
1846 	if (family != 6)
1847 		return 0;
1848 
1849 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
1850 
1851 	switch (model) {
1852 	case 0x1A:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
1853 	case 0x1E:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
1854 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
1855 	case 0x25:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
1856 	case 0x2C:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
1857 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
1858 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
1859 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
1860 		break;
1861 	case 0x2A:	/* SNB */
1862 	case 0x2D:	/* SNB Xeon */
1863 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
1864 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
1865 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
1866 		break;
1867 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
1868 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
1869 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
1870 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
1871 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
1872 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
1873 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
1874 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
1875 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
1876 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
1877 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
1878 		break;
1879 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
1880 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
1881 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
1882 		break;
1883 	case 0x4C:	/* AMT */
1884 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
1885 		break;
1886 	case 0x57:	/* PHI */
1887 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
1888 		break;
1889 	default:
1890 		return 0;
1891 	}
1892 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
1893 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
1894 
1895 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1896 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1897 
1898 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
1899 	has_base_hz = 1;
1900 	return 1;
1901 }
1902 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
1903 {
1904 	switch (model) {
1905 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
1906 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
1907 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
1908 	case 0x57:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
1909 		return 0;
1910 	default:
1911 		return 1;
1912 	}
1913 }
1914 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
1915 {
1916 	if (!genuine_intel)
1917 		return 0;
1918 
1919 	if (family != 6)
1920 		return 0;
1921 
1922 	switch (model) {
1923 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
1924 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
1925 		return 1;
1926 	default:
1927 		return 0;
1928 	}
1929 }
1930 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
1931 {
1932 	if (!genuine_intel)
1933 		return 0;
1934 
1935 	if (family != 6)
1936 		return 0;
1937 
1938 	switch (model) {
1939 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
1940 		return 1;
1941 	default:
1942 		return 0;
1943 	}
1944 }
1945 
1946 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
1947 {
1948 	if (!genuine_intel)
1949 		return 0;
1950 
1951 	if (family != 6)
1952 		return 0;
1953 
1954 	switch (model) {
1955 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
1956 		return 1;
1957 	default:
1958 		return 0;
1959 	}
1960 }
1961 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
1962 {
1963 	if (!genuine_intel)
1964 		return 0;
1965 
1966 	if (family != 6)
1967 		return 0;
1968 
1969 	switch (model) {
1970 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
1971 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
1972 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
1973 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
1974 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
1975 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
1976 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
1977 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
1978 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
1979 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
1980 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
1981 
1982 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
1983 		return 1;
1984 	default:
1985 		return 0;
1986 	}
1987 }
1988 
1989 static void
1990 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model)
1991 {
1992 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
1993 		return;
1994 
1995 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
1996 
1997 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
1998 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
1999 
2000 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2001 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2002 
2003 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2004 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2005 
2006 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2007 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2008 
2009 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2010 		dump_config_tdp();
2011 
2012 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2013 }
2014 
2015 
2016 /*
2017  * print_epb()
2018  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2019  */
2020 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2021 {
2022 	unsigned long long msr;
2023 	char *epb_string;
2024 	int cpu;
2025 
2026 	if (!has_epb)
2027 		return 0;
2028 
2029 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2030 
2031 	/* EPB is per-package */
2032 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2033 		return 0;
2034 
2035 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2036 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2037 		return -1;
2038 	}
2039 
2040 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2041 		return 0;
2042 
2043 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2044 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2045 		epb_string = "performance";
2046 		break;
2047 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2048 		epb_string = "balanced";
2049 		break;
2050 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2051 		epb_string = "powersave";
2052 		break;
2053 	default:
2054 		epb_string = "custom";
2055 		break;
2056 	}
2057 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2058 
2059 	return 0;
2060 }
2061 /*
2062  * print_hwp()
2063  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2064  */
2065 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2066 {
2067 	unsigned long long msr;
2068 	int cpu;
2069 
2070 	if (!has_hwp)
2071 		return 0;
2072 
2073 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2074 
2075 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2076 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2077 		return 0;
2078 
2079 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2080 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2081 		return -1;
2082 	}
2083 
2084 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2085 		return 0;
2086 
2087 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2088 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2089 
2090 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2091 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2092 		return 0;
2093 
2094 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2095 		return 0;
2096 
2097 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2098 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2099 			cpu, msr,
2100 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2101 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2102 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2103 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2104 
2105 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2106 		return 0;
2107 
2108 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2109 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2110 			cpu, msr,
2111 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2112 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2113 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2114 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2115 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2116 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2117 
2118 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2119 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2120 			return 0;
2121 
2122 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2123 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2124 			cpu, msr,
2125 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2126 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2127 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2128 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2129 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2130 	}
2131 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2132 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2133 			return 0;
2134 
2135 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2136 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2137 			cpu, msr,
2138 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2139 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2140 	}
2141 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2142 		return 0;
2143 
2144 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2145 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2146 			cpu, msr,
2147 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2148 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2149 
2150 	return 0;
2151 }
2152 
2153 /*
2154  * print_perf_limit()
2155  */
2156 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2157 {
2158 	unsigned long long msr;
2159 	int cpu;
2160 
2161 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2162 
2163 	/* per-package */
2164 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2165 		return 0;
2166 
2167 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2168 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2169 		return -1;
2170 	}
2171 
2172 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2173 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2174 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2175 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2176 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2177 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2178 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2179 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2180 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2181 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2182 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2183 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2184 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2185 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2186 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2187 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2188 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2189 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2190 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2191 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2192 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2193 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2194 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2195 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2196 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2197 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2198 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2199 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2200 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2201 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2202 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2203 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2204 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2205 
2206 	}
2207 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2208 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2209 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2210 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2211 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2212 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2213 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2214 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2215 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2216 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2217 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2218 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2219 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2220 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2221 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2222 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2223 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2224 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2225 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2226 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2227 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2228 	}
2229 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2230 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2231 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2232 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2233 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2234 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2235 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2236 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2237 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2238 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2239 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2240 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2241 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2242 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2243 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2244 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2245 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2246 	}
2247 	return 0;
2248 }
2249 
2250 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2251 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2252 
2253 double get_tdp(model)
2254 {
2255 	unsigned long long msr;
2256 
2257 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2258 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2259 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2260 
2261 	switch (model) {
2262 	case 0x37:
2263 	case 0x4D:
2264 		return 30.0;
2265 	default:
2266 		return 135.0;
2267 	}
2268 }
2269 
2270 /*
2271  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2272  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2273  */
2274 static double
2275 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2276 {
2277 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2278 
2279 	switch (model) {
2280 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2281 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2282 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2283 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2284 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2285 	default:
2286 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2287 	}
2288 }
2289 
2290 
2291 /*
2292  * rapl_probe()
2293  *
2294  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2295  */
2296 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2297 {
2298 	unsigned long long msr;
2299 	unsigned int time_unit;
2300 	double tdp;
2301 
2302 	if (!genuine_intel)
2303 		return;
2304 
2305 	if (family != 6)
2306 		return;
2307 
2308 	switch (model) {
2309 	case 0x2A:
2310 	case 0x3A:
2311 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2312 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2313 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2314 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2315 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2316 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2317 		break;
2318 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2319 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2320 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2321 		break;
2322 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2323 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2324 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2325 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2326 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2327 		break;
2328 	case 0x2D:
2329 	case 0x3E:
2330 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2331 		break;
2332 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2333 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2334 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES ;
2335 		break;
2336 	default:
2337 		return;
2338 	}
2339 
2340 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
2341 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2342 		return;
2343 
2344 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
2345 	if (model == 0x37)
2346 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
2347 	else
2348 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
2349 
2350 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
2351 
2352 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
2353 	if (time_unit == 0)
2354 		time_unit = 0xA;
2355 
2356 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
2357 
2358 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
2359 
2360 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
2361 	if (debug)
2362 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
2363 
2364 	return;
2365 }
2366 
2367 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model)
2368 {
2369 	if (!genuine_intel)
2370 		return;
2371 
2372 	if (family != 6)
2373 		return;
2374 
2375 	switch (model) {
2376 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2377 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2378 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2379 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2380 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2381 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2382 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2383 	default:
2384 		return;
2385 	}
2386 }
2387 
2388 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2389 {
2390 	unsigned long long msr;
2391 	unsigned int dts;
2392 	int cpu;
2393 
2394 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
2395 		return 0;
2396 
2397 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2398 
2399 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
2400 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2401 		return 0;
2402 
2403 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2404 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2405 		return -1;
2406 	}
2407 
2408 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
2409 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2410 			return 0;
2411 
2412 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2413 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
2414 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
2415 
2416 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
2417 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2418 			return 0;
2419 
2420 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2421 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2422 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2423 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2424 #endif
2425 	}
2426 
2427 
2428 	if (do_dts) {
2429 		unsigned int resolution;
2430 
2431 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2432 			return 0;
2433 
2434 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2435 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
2436 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
2437 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
2438 
2439 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
2440 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2441 			return 0;
2442 
2443 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2444 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2445 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2446 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2447 #endif
2448 	}
2449 
2450 	return 0;
2451 }
2452 
2453 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
2454 {
2455 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2456 		cpu, label,
2457 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2458 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2459 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2460 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
2461 
2462 	return;
2463 }
2464 
2465 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2466 {
2467 	unsigned long long msr;
2468 	int cpu;
2469 
2470 	if (!do_rapl)
2471 		return 0;
2472 
2473 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
2474 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2475 		return 0;
2476 
2477 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2478 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2479 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2480 		return -1;
2481 	}
2482 
2483 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2484 		return -1;
2485 
2486 	if (debug) {
2487 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx "
2488 			"(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
2489 			rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
2490 	}
2491 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
2492 
2493 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2494                 	return -5;
2495 
2496 
2497 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2498 			cpu, msr,
2499 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2500 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2501 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2502 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2503 
2504 	}
2505 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2506 
2507 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2508 			return -9;
2509 
2510 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2511 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2512 
2513 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
2514 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2515 			cpu,
2516 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2517 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2518 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2519 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
2520 	}
2521 
2522 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
2523 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2524                 	return -6;
2525 
2526 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2527 			cpu, msr,
2528 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2529 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2530 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2531 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2532 	}
2533 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2534 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2535 			return -9;
2536 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2537 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2538 
2539 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
2540 	}
2541 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
2542 		if (debug) {
2543 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
2544 				return -7;
2545 
2546 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2547 		}
2548 	}
2549 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) {
2550 		if (debug) {
2551 
2552 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2553 				return -9;
2554 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2555 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2556 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
2557 		}
2558 	}
2559 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2560 		if (debug) {
2561 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
2562 				return -8;
2563 
2564 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2565 
2566 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2567 				return -9;
2568 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2569 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2570 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
2571 		}
2572 	}
2573 	return 0;
2574 }
2575 
2576 /*
2577  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
2578  *
2579  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
2580  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
2581  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
2582  */
2583 
2584 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2585 {
2586 	if (!genuine_intel)
2587 		return 0;
2588 
2589 	switch (model) {
2590 	case 0x2A:
2591 	case 0x2D:
2592 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2593 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2594 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2595 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW */
2596 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2597 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2598 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2599 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2600 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2601 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2602 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2603 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2604 		return 1;
2605 	}
2606 	return 0;
2607 }
2608 
2609 /*
2610  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
2611  *
2612  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY            0x00000630
2613  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY            0x00000631
2614  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY           0x00000632
2615  */
2616 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2617 {
2618 	if (!genuine_intel)
2619 		return 0;
2620 
2621 	switch (model) {
2622 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2623 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2624 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2625 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2626 		return 1;
2627 	}
2628 	return 0;
2629 }
2630 
2631 /*
2632  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
2633  *
2634  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
2635  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
2636  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
2637  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
2638  */
2639 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2640 {
2641 	if (!genuine_intel)
2642 		return 0;
2643 
2644 	switch (model) {
2645 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2646 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2647 		return 1;
2648 	}
2649 	return 0;
2650 }
2651 
2652 
2653 
2654 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2655 {
2656 	if (!genuine_intel)
2657 		return 0;
2658 	switch (model) {
2659 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2660 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2661 		return 1;
2662 	}
2663 	return 0;
2664 }
2665 
2666 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2667 {
2668 	if (!genuine_intel)
2669 		return 0;
2670 	switch (model) {
2671 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2672 		return 1;
2673 	}
2674 	return 0;
2675 }
2676 
2677 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2678 {
2679 	if (is_knl(family, model))
2680 		return 1024;
2681 	return 1;
2682 }
2683 
2684 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
2685 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
2686 
2687 double slm_bclk(void)
2688 {
2689 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
2690 	unsigned int i;
2691 	double freq;
2692 
2693 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
2694 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
2695 
2696 	i = msr & 0xf;
2697 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
2698 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
2699 		msr = 3;
2700 	}
2701 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
2702 
2703 	fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
2704 
2705 	return freq;
2706 }
2707 
2708 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2709 {
2710 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
2711 		return 100.00;
2712 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
2713 		return slm_bclk();
2714 	else
2715 		return 133.33;
2716 }
2717 
2718 /*
2719  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
2720  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
2721  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
2722  *
2723  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
2724  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
2725  *
2726  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
2727  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
2728  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
2729  */
2730 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2731 {
2732 	unsigned long long msr;
2733 	unsigned int target_c_local;
2734 	int cpu;
2735 
2736 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
2737 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
2738 		return 0;
2739 
2740 	/* this is a per-package concept */
2741 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2742 		return 0;
2743 
2744 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2745 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2746 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2747 		return -1;
2748 	}
2749 
2750 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
2751 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
2752 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
2753 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
2754 		return 0;
2755 	}
2756 
2757 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
2758 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2759 		goto guess;
2760 
2761 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
2762 		goto guess;
2763 
2764 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
2765 
2766 	if (debug)
2767 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
2768 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
2769 
2770 	if (!target_c_local)
2771 		goto guess;
2772 
2773 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
2774 
2775 	return 0;
2776 
2777 guess:
2778 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
2779 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
2780 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
2781 
2782 	return 0;
2783 }
2784 
2785 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
2786 {
2787 	unsigned long long msr;
2788 
2789 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
2790 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%s %s %s)\n",
2791 			base_cpu, msr,
2792 			msr & (1 << 3) ? "TCC" : "",
2793 			msr & (1 << 16) ? "EIST" : "",
2794 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "MONITOR" : "");
2795 }
2796 
2797 /*
2798  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
2799  *
2800  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
2801  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
2802  * bit[1] less so...
2803  */
2804 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
2805 {
2806 	unsigned long long msr;
2807 
2808 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2809 		return;
2810 
2811 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
2812 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB)\n",
2813 			base_cpu, msr,
2814 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
2815 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
2816 }
2817 
2818 void process_cpuid()
2819 {
2820 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
2821 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
2822 
2823 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
2824 
2825 	__get_cpuid(0, &max_level, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
2826 
2827 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
2828 		genuine_intel = 1;
2829 
2830 	if (debug)
2831 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
2832 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
2833 
2834 	__get_cpuid(1, &fms, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
2835 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
2836 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
2837 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
2838 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
2839 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
2840 
2841 	if (debug) {
2842 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
2843 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
2844 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
2845 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
2846 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
2847 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
2848 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
2849 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
2850 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
2851 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
2852 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
2853 	}
2854 
2855 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
2856 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
2857 
2858 	/*
2859 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
2860 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
2861 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
2862 	 */
2863 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
2864 	__get_cpuid(0x80000000, &max_extended_level, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
2865 
2866 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
2867 
2868 		/*
2869 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
2870 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
2871 		 */
2872 		__get_cpuid(0x80000007, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
2873 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
2874 	}
2875 
2876 	/*
2877 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
2878 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
2879 	 */
2880 
2881 	__get_cpuid(0x6, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
2882 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
2883 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
2884 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
2885 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
2886 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
2887 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
2888 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
2889 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
2890 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
2891 
2892 	if (debug)
2893 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
2894 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
2895 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
2896 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
2897 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
2898 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
2899 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
2900 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
2901 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
2902 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
2903 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
2904 
2905 	if (debug)
2906 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
2907 
2908 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
2909 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
2910 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
2911 
2912 		/*
2913 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
2914 		 */
2915 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
2916 		__get_cpuid(0x15, &eax_crystal, &ebx_tsc, &crystal_hz, &edx);
2917 
2918 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
2919 
2920 			if (debug && (ebx != 0))
2921 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
2922 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
2923 
2924 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
2925 				switch(model) {
2926 				case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2927 				case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2928 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24 MHz */
2929 					break;
2930 				default:
2931 					crystal_hz = 0;
2932 			}
2933 
2934 			if (crystal_hz) {
2935 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
2936 				if (debug)
2937 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
2938 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
2939 			}
2940 		}
2941 	}
2942 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
2943 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
2944 
2945 		/*
2946 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
2947 		 */
2948 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
2949 
2950 		__get_cpuid(0x16, &base_mhz, &max_mhz, &bus_mhz, &edx);
2951 		if (debug)
2952 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
2953 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
2954 	}
2955 
2956 	if (has_aperf)
2957 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
2958 
2959 	do_nhm_platform_info = do_nhm_cstates = do_smi = probe_nhm_msrs(family, model);
2960 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
2961 	do_pc2 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2);
2962 	do_pc3 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3);
2963 	do_pc6 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6);
2964 	do_pc7 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7);
2965 	do_c8_c9_c10 = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
2966 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
2967 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
2968 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
2969 
2970 	if (debug)
2971 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
2972 
2973 	rapl_probe(family, model);
2974 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
2975 
2976 	if (debug)
2977 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info();
2978 
2979 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
2980 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
2981 
2982 	return;
2983 }
2984 
2985 void help()
2986 {
2987 	fprintf(outf,
2988 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
2989 	"\n"
2990 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
2991 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
2992 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
2993 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
2994 	"--debug	run in \"debug\" mode\n"
2995 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
2996 	"--help		print this help message\n"
2997 	"--counter msr	print 32-bit counter at address \"msr\"\n"
2998 	"--Counter msr	print 64-bit Counter at address \"msr\"\n"
2999 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3000 	"--msr msr	print 32-bit value at address \"msr\"\n"
3001 	"--MSR msr	print 64-bit Value at address \"msr\"\n"
3002 	"--version	print version information\n"
3003 	"\n"
3004 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3005 }
3006 
3007 
3008 /*
3009  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3010  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3011  */
3012 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3013 {
3014 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3015 		return 1;
3016 	else
3017 		return 0;
3018 }
3019 
3020 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3021 {
3022 	return 0;
3023 }
3024 
3025 void topology_probe()
3026 {
3027 	int i;
3028 	int max_core_id = 0;
3029 	int max_package_id = 0;
3030 	int max_siblings = 0;
3031 	struct cpu_topology {
3032 		int core_id;
3033 		int physical_package_id;
3034 	} *cpus;
3035 
3036 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3037 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3038 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3039 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3040 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3041 		show_cpu = 1;
3042 
3043 	if (debug > 1)
3044 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3045 
3046 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3047 	if (cpus == NULL)
3048 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3049 
3050 	/*
3051 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3052 	 */
3053 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3054 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3055 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3056 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3057 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3058 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3059 
3060 	/*
3061 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3062 	 */
3063 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3064 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3065 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3066 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3067 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3068 
3069 
3070 	/*
3071 	 * For online cpus
3072 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3073 	 */
3074 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3075 		int siblings;
3076 
3077 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3078 			if (debug > 1)
3079 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3080 			continue;
3081 		}
3082 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3083 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3084 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3085 
3086 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3087 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3088 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3089 
3090 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3091 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3092 			max_siblings = siblings;
3093 		if (debug > 1)
3094 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3095 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
3096 	}
3097 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
3098 	if (debug > 1)
3099 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
3100 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
3101 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
3102 		show_core = 1;
3103 
3104 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
3105 	if (debug > 1)
3106 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
3107 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
3108 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
3109 		show_pkg = 1;
3110 
3111 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
3112 	if (debug > 1)
3113 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
3114 
3115 	free(cpus);
3116 }
3117 
3118 void
3119 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
3120 {
3121 	int i;
3122 
3123 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
3124 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
3125 	if (*t == NULL)
3126 		goto error;
3127 
3128 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
3129 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3130 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
3131 
3132 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
3133 		sizeof(struct core_data));
3134 	if (*c == NULL)
3135 		goto error;
3136 
3137 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3138 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
3139 
3140 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
3141 	if (*p == NULL)
3142 		goto error;
3143 
3144 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
3145 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
3146 
3147 	return;
3148 error:
3149 	err(1, "calloc counters");
3150 }
3151 /*
3152  * init_counter()
3153  *
3154  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
3155  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
3156  *
3157  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
3158  */
3159 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
3160 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
3161 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
3162 {
3163 	struct thread_data *t;
3164 	struct core_data *c;
3165 	struct pkg_data *p;
3166 
3167 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
3168 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
3169 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
3170 
3171 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
3172 	if (thread_num == 0) {
3173 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
3174 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
3175 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
3176 	}
3177 
3178 	c->core_id = core_num;
3179 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
3180 }
3181 
3182 
3183 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
3184 {
3185 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
3186 
3187 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
3188 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
3189 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
3190 	if (!my_thread_id)
3191 		topo.num_cores++;
3192 
3193 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3194 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3195 	return 0;
3196 }
3197 
3198 void allocate_output_buffer()
3199 {
3200 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
3201 	outp = output_buffer;
3202 	if (outp == NULL)
3203 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
3204 }
3205 
3206 void setup_all_buffers(void)
3207 {
3208 	topology_probe();
3209 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
3210 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
3211 	allocate_output_buffer();
3212 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
3213 }
3214 
3215 void set_base_cpu(void)
3216 {
3217 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
3218 	if (base_cpu < 0)
3219 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
3220 
3221 	if (debug > 1)
3222 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
3223 }
3224 
3225 void turbostat_init()
3226 {
3227 	setup_all_buffers();
3228 	set_base_cpu();
3229 	check_dev_msr();
3230 	check_permissions();
3231 	process_cpuid();
3232 
3233 
3234 	if (debug)
3235 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
3236 
3237 	if (debug)
3238 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
3239 
3240 	if (debug)
3241 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
3242 
3243 	if (debug)
3244 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
3245 
3246 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
3247 
3248 	if (debug)
3249 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
3250 }
3251 
3252 int fork_it(char **argv)
3253 {
3254 	pid_t child_pid;
3255 	int status;
3256 
3257 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3258 	if (status)
3259 		exit(status);
3260 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
3261 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3262 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3263 
3264 	child_pid = fork();
3265 	if (!child_pid) {
3266 		/* child */
3267 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
3268 	} else {
3269 
3270 		/* parent */
3271 		if (child_pid == -1)
3272 			err(1, "fork");
3273 
3274 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
3275 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
3276 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
3277 			err(status, "waitpid");
3278 	}
3279 	/*
3280 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
3281 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
3282 	 */
3283 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3284 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3285 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3286 	for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3287 	compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3288 	format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3289 
3290 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
3291 
3292 	flush_output_stderr();
3293 
3294 	return status;
3295 }
3296 
3297 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
3298 {
3299 	int status;
3300 
3301 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3302 	if (status)
3303 		return status;
3304 
3305 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3306 	if (status)
3307 		return status;
3308 
3309 	flush_output_stdout();
3310 
3311 	return status;
3312 }
3313 
3314 void print_version() {
3315 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.10 10 Dec, 2015"
3316 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
3317 }
3318 
3319 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
3320 {
3321 	int opt;
3322 	int option_index = 0;
3323 	static struct option long_options[] = {
3324 		{"Counter",	required_argument,	0, 'C'},
3325 		{"counter",	required_argument,	0, 'c'},
3326 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
3327 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},
3328 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
3329 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
3330 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
3331 		{"MSR",		required_argument,	0, 'M'},
3332 		{"msr",		required_argument,	0, 'm'},
3333 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
3334 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3335 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3336 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
3337 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
3338 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
3339 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
3340 	};
3341 
3342 	progname = argv[0];
3343 
3344 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpST:v",
3345 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
3346 		switch (opt) {
3347 		case 'C':
3348 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset64);
3349 			break;
3350 		case 'c':
3351 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset32);
3352 			break;
3353 		case 'D':
3354 			dump_only++;
3355 			break;
3356 		case 'd':
3357 			debug++;
3358 			break;
3359 		case 'h':
3360 		default:
3361 			help();
3362 			exit(1);
3363 		case 'i':
3364 			{
3365 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
3366 
3367 				if (interval < 0.001) {
3368 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
3369 						interval);
3370 					exit(2);
3371 				}
3372 
3373 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
3374 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
3375 			}
3376 			break;
3377 		case 'J':
3378 			rapl_joules++;
3379 			break;
3380 		case 'M':
3381 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset64);
3382 			break;
3383 		case 'm':
3384 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset32);
3385 			break;
3386 		case 'o':
3387 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
3388 			break;
3389 		case 'P':
3390 			show_pkg_only++;
3391 			break;
3392 		case 'p':
3393 			show_core_only++;
3394 			break;
3395 		case 'S':
3396 			summary_only++;
3397 			break;
3398 		case 'T':
3399 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
3400 			break;
3401 		case 'v':
3402 			print_version();
3403 			exit(0);
3404 			break;
3405 		}
3406 	}
3407 }
3408 
3409 int main(int argc, char **argv)
3410 {
3411 	outf = stderr;
3412 
3413 	cmdline(argc, argv);
3414 
3415 	if (debug)
3416 		print_version();
3417 
3418 	turbostat_init();
3419 
3420 	/* dump counters and exit */
3421 	if (dump_only)
3422 		return get_and_dump_counters();
3423 
3424 	/*
3425 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
3426 	 */
3427 	if (argc - optind)
3428 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
3429 	else
3430 		turbostat_loop();
3431 
3432 	return 0;
3433 }
3434