xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c (revision 5a63426e2a18775ed05b20e3bc90c68bacb1f68a)
1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include <stdarg.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <err.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/stat.h>
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <signal.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <getopt.h>
37 #include <dirent.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <ctype.h>
40 #include <sched.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <cpuid.h>
43 #include <linux/capability.h>
44 #include <errno.h>
45 
46 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
47 FILE *outf;
48 int *fd_percpu;
49 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
50 unsigned int debug;
51 unsigned int rapl_joules;
52 unsigned int summary_only;
53 unsigned int dump_only;
54 unsigned int skip_c0;
55 unsigned int skip_c1;
56 unsigned int do_nhm_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
58 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
59 unsigned int do_pc2;
60 unsigned int do_pc3;
61 unsigned int do_pc6;
62 unsigned int do_pc7;
63 unsigned int do_c8_c9_c10;
64 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
65 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
66 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
67 unsigned int has_aperf;
68 unsigned int has_epb;
69 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
70 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
71 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
72 unsigned int genuine_intel;
73 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
74 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
75 unsigned int extra_msr_offset32;
76 unsigned int extra_msr_offset64;
77 unsigned int extra_delta_offset32;
78 unsigned int extra_delta_offset64;
79 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
80 int do_irq = 1;
81 int do_smi;
82 double bclk;
83 double base_hz;
84 unsigned int has_base_hz;
85 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
86 unsigned int show_pkg;
87 unsigned int show_core;
88 unsigned int show_cpu;
89 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
90 unsigned int show_core_only;
91 char *output_buffer, *outp;
92 unsigned int do_rapl;
93 unsigned int do_dts;
94 unsigned int do_ptm;
95 unsigned int do_gfx_rc6_ms;
96 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
97 unsigned int do_gfx_mhz;
98 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
99 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
100 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
101 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
102 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
103 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
104 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
105 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
106 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
107 unsigned int crystal_hz;
108 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
109 int base_cpu;
110 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
111 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
112 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
113 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
114 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
115 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
116 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
117 
118 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
119 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
120 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
121 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
122 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
123 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
124 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
125 
126 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
127 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
128 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
129 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
130 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
131 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
132 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
133 
134 #define RAPL_CORES		(1 << 6)
135 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
136 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
137 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
138 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
139 
140 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
141 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
142 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
143 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
144 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
145 
146 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
147 
148 int aperf_mperf_unstable;
149 int backwards_count;
150 char *progname;
151 
152 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
153 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
154 
155 struct thread_data {
156 	unsigned long long tsc;
157 	unsigned long long aperf;
158 	unsigned long long mperf;
159 	unsigned long long c1;
160 	unsigned long long extra_msr64;
161 	unsigned long long extra_delta64;
162 	unsigned long long extra_msr32;
163 	unsigned long long extra_delta32;
164 	unsigned int irq_count;
165 	unsigned int smi_count;
166 	unsigned int cpu_id;
167 	unsigned int flags;
168 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
169 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
170 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
171 
172 struct core_data {
173 	unsigned long long c3;
174 	unsigned long long c6;
175 	unsigned long long c7;
176 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
177 	unsigned int core_id;
178 } *core_even, *core_odd;
179 
180 struct pkg_data {
181 	unsigned long long pc2;
182 	unsigned long long pc3;
183 	unsigned long long pc6;
184 	unsigned long long pc7;
185 	unsigned long long pc8;
186 	unsigned long long pc9;
187 	unsigned long long pc10;
188 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
189 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
190 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
191 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
192 	unsigned long long gfx_rc6_ms;
193 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
194 	unsigned int package_id;
195 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
196 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
197 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
198 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
199 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
200 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
201 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
202 
203 } *package_even, *package_odd;
204 
205 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
206 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
207 
208 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
209 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
210 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
211 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
212 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
213 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
214 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
215 
216 struct system_summary {
217 	struct thread_data threads;
218 	struct core_data cores;
219 	struct pkg_data packages;
220 } sum, average;
221 
222 
223 struct topo_params {
224 	int num_packages;
225 	int num_cpus;
226 	int num_cores;
227 	int max_cpu_num;
228 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
229 	int num_threads_per_core;
230 } topo;
231 
232 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
233 
234 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
235 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
236 
237 void setup_all_buffers(void);
238 
239 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
240 {
241 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
242 }
243 /*
244  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
245  * skip non-present cpus
246  */
247 
248 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
249 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
250 {
251 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
252 
253 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
254 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
255 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
256 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
257 				struct thread_data *t;
258 				struct core_data *c;
259 				struct pkg_data *p;
260 
261 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
262 
263 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
264 					continue;
265 
266 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
267 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
268 
269 				retval = func(t, c, p);
270 				if (retval)
271 					return retval;
272 			}
273 		}
274 	}
275 	return 0;
276 }
277 
278 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
279 {
280 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
281 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
282 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
283 		return -1;
284 	else
285 		return 0;
286 }
287 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
288 {
289 	char pathname[32];
290 	int fd;
291 
292 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
293 
294 	if (fd)
295 		return fd;
296 
297 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
298 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
299 	if (fd < 0)
300 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
301 
302 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
303 
304 	return fd;
305 }
306 
307 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
308 {
309 	ssize_t retval;
310 
311 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
312 
313 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
314 		err(-1, "msr %d offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
315 
316 	return 0;
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * Example Format w/ field column widths:
321  *
322  *  Package    Core     CPU Avg_MHz Bzy_MHz TSC_MHz     IRQ   SMI   Busy% CPU_%c1 CPU_%c3 CPU_%c6 CPU_%c7 CoreTmp  PkgTmp  GFXMHz Pkg%pc2 Pkg%pc3 Pkg%pc6 Pkg%pc7 PkgWatt CorWatt GFXWatt
323  * 12345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678
324  */
325 
326 void print_header(void)
327 {
328 	if (show_pkg)
329 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Package");
330 	if (show_core)
331 		outp += sprintf(outp, "    Core");
332 	if (show_cpu)
333 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     CPU");
334 	if (has_aperf)
335 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Avg_MHz");
336 	if (has_aperf)
337 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   Busy%%");
338 	if (has_aperf)
339 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Bzy_MHz");
340 	outp += sprintf(outp, " TSC_MHz");
341 
342 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
343 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  count 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset32);
344 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
345 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  COUNT 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset64);
346 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
347 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   MSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset32);
348 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
349 		outp += sprintf(outp, "           MSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset64);
350 
351 	if (!debug)
352 		goto done;
353 
354 	if (do_irq)
355 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     IRQ");
356 	if (do_smi)
357 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     SMI");
358 
359 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
360 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c1");
361 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
362 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c3");
363 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
364 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c6");
365 	if (do_snb_cstates)
366 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c7");
367 
368 	if (do_dts)
369 		outp += sprintf(outp, " CoreTmp");
370 	if (do_ptm)
371 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  PkgTmp");
372 
373 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
374 		outp += sprintf(outp, " GFX%%rc6");
375 
376 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
377 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  GFXMHz");
378 
379 	if (do_skl_residency) {
380 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Totl%%C0");
381 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  Any%%C0");
382 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  GFX%%C0");
383 		outp += sprintf(outp, " CPUGFX%%");
384 	}
385 
386 	if (do_pc2)
387 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc2");
388 	if (do_pc3)
389 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc3");
390 	if (do_pc6)
391 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc6");
392 	if (do_pc7)
393 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc7");
394 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
395 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc8");
396 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc9");
397 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pk%%pc10");
398 	}
399 
400 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
401 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
402 			outp += sprintf(outp, " PkgWatt");
403 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
404 			outp += sprintf(outp, " CorWatt");
405 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
406 			outp += sprintf(outp, " GFXWatt");
407 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
408 			outp += sprintf(outp, " RAMWatt");
409 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
410 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   PKG_%%");
411 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
412 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_%%");
413 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
414 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
415 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   Pkg_J");
416 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
417 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   Cor_J");
418 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
419 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   GFX_J");
420 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
421 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_J");
422 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
423 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   PKG_%%");
424 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
425 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_%%");
426 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   time");
427 
428 	}
429     done:
430 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
431 }
432 
433 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
434 	struct pkg_data *p)
435 {
436 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
437 
438 	if (t) {
439 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
440 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
441 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
442 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
443 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
444 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
445 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
446 			extra_delta_offset32, t->extra_delta32);
447 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
448 			extra_delta_offset64, t->extra_delta64);
449 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
450 			extra_msr_offset32, t->extra_msr32);
451 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
452 			extra_msr_offset64, t->extra_msr64);
453 		if (do_irq)
454 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %08X\n", t->irq_count);
455 		if (do_smi)
456 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
457 	}
458 
459 	if (c) {
460 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
461 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
462 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
463 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
464 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
465 	}
466 
467 	if (p) {
468 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
469 
470 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
471 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
472 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
473 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
474 
475 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
476 		if (do_pc3)
477 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
478 		if (do_pc6)
479 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
480 		if (do_pc7)
481 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
482 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
483 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
484 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
485 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
486 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
487 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
488 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
489 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
490 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
491 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
492 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
493 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
494 	}
495 
496 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
497 
498 	return 0;
499 }
500 
501 /*
502  * column formatting convention & formats
503  */
504 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
505 	struct pkg_data *p)
506 {
507 	double interval_float;
508 	char *fmt8;
509 
510 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
511 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
512 		return 0;
513 
514 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
515 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
516 		return 0;
517 
518 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
519 
520 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
521 	if (t == &average.threads) {
522 		if (show_pkg)
523 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
524 		if (show_core)
525 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
526 		if (show_cpu)
527 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
528 	} else {
529 		if (show_pkg) {
530 			if (p)
531 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->package_id);
532 			else
533 				outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
534 		}
535 		if (show_core) {
536 			if (c)
537 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", c->core_id);
538 			else
539 				outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
540 		}
541 		if (show_cpu)
542 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->cpu_id);
543 	}
544 
545 	/* Avg_MHz */
546 	if (has_aperf)
547 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f",
548 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
549 
550 	/* Busy% */
551 	if (has_aperf) {
552 		if (!skip_c0)
553 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc/tsc_tweak);
554 		else
555 			outp += sprintf(outp, "********");
556 	}
557 
558 	/* Bzy_MHz */
559 	if (has_aperf) {
560 		if (has_base_hz)
561 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
562 		else
563 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f",
564 				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
565 	}
566 
567 	/* TSC_MHz */
568 	outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
569 
570 	/* delta */
571 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
572 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  %11llu", t->extra_delta32);
573 
574 	/* DELTA */
575 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
576 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  %11llu", t->extra_delta64);
577 	/* msr */
578 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
579 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%08llx", t->extra_msr32);
580 
581 	/* MSR */
582 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
583 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%016llx", t->extra_msr64);
584 
585 	if (!debug)
586 		goto done;
587 
588 	/* IRQ */
589 	if (do_irq)
590 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->irq_count);
591 
592 	/* SMI */
593 	if (do_smi)
594 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->smi_count);
595 
596 	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
597 		if (!skip_c1)
598 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
599 		else
600 			outp += sprintf(outp, "********");
601 	}
602 
603 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
604 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
605 		goto done;
606 
607 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
608 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
609 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
610 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
611 	if (do_snb_cstates)
612 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
613 
614 	if (do_dts)
615 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", c->core_temp_c);
616 
617 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
618 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
619 		goto done;
620 
621 	/* PkgTmp */
622 	if (do_ptm)
623 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->pkg_temp_c);
624 
625 	/* GFXrc6 */
626 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
627 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->gfx_rc6_ms / 1000.0 / interval_float);
628 
629 	/* GFXMHz */
630 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
631 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->gfx_mhz);
632 
633 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
634 	if (do_skl_residency) {
635 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/t->tsc);
636 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/t->tsc);
637 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
638 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
639 	}
640 
641 	if (do_pc2)
642 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
643 	if (do_pc3)
644 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
645 	if (do_pc6)
646 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
647 	if (do_pc7)
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
649 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
650 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/t->tsc);
651 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/t->tsc);
652 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/t->tsc);
653 	}
654 
655 	/*
656  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
657  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
658  	 */
659 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
660 		fmt8 = "%8.2f";
661 	else
662 		fmt8 = " %6.0f**";
663 
664 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
665 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
666 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
667 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
668 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
669 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
670 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
671 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
672 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
673 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
674 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
675 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
676 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
677 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
678 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
679 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
680 					p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
681 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
682 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
683 					p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
684 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
685 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
686 					p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
687 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
688 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
689 					p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
690 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
691 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
692 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
693 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
694 
695 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, interval_float);
696 	}
697 done:
698 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
699 
700 	return 0;
701 }
702 
703 void flush_output_stdout(void)
704 {
705 	FILE *filep;
706 
707 	if (outf == stderr)
708 		filep = stdout;
709 	else
710 		filep = outf;
711 
712 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
713 	fflush(filep);
714 
715 	outp = output_buffer;
716 }
717 void flush_output_stderr(void)
718 {
719 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
720 	fflush(outf);
721 	outp = output_buffer;
722 }
723 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
724 {
725 	static int printed;
726 
727 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
728 		print_header();
729 
730 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
731 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
732 			&average.packages);
733 
734 	printed = 1;
735 
736 	if (summary_only)
737 		return;
738 
739 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
740 }
741 
742 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
743 	if (new > old) {			\
744 		old = new - old;		\
745 	} else {				\
746 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
747 	}
748 
749 void
750 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
751 {
752 
753 	if (do_skl_residency) {
754 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
755 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
756 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
757 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
758 	}
759 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
760 	if (do_pc3)
761 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
762 	if (do_pc6)
763 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
764 	if (do_pc7)
765 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
766 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
767 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
768 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
769 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
770 
771 	old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
772 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
773 
774 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
775 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
776 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
777 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
778 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
779 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
780 }
781 
782 void
783 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
784 {
785 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
786 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
787 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
788 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
789 }
790 
791 /*
792  * old = new - old
793  */
794 void
795 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
796 	struct core_data *core_delta)
797 {
798 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
799 
800 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
801 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
802 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
803 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
804 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
805 
806 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
807 
808 	if (has_aperf) {
809 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
810 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
811 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
812 		} else {
813 
814 			if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
815 				fprintf(outf, "%s: APERF or MPERF went backwards *\n", progname);
816 				fprintf(outf, "* Frequency results do not cover entire interval *\n");
817 				fprintf(outf, "* fix this by running Linux-2.6.30 or later *\n");
818 
819 				aperf_mperf_unstable = 1;
820 			}
821 			/*
822 			 * mperf delta is likely a huge "positive" number
823 			 * can not use it for calculating c0 time
824 			 */
825 			skip_c0 = 1;
826 			skip_c1 = 1;
827 		}
828 	}
829 
830 
831 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
832 		/*
833 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
834 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
835 		 */
836 	} else {
837 		/*
838 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
839 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
840 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
841 		 */
842 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
843 			old->c1 = 0;
844 		else {
845 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
846 			old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
847 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
848 		}
849 	}
850 
851 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
852 		if (debug > 1)
853 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
854 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
855 	}
856 
857 	old->extra_delta32 = new->extra_delta32 - old->extra_delta32;
858 	old->extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
859 
860 	old->extra_delta64 = new->extra_delta64 - old->extra_delta64;
861 
862 	/*
863 	 * Extra MSR is just a snapshot, simply copy latest w/o subtracting
864 	 */
865 	old->extra_msr32 = new->extra_msr32;
866 	old->extra_msr64 = new->extra_msr64;
867 
868 	if (do_irq)
869 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
870 
871 	if (do_smi)
872 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
873 }
874 
875 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
876 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
877 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
878 {
879 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
880 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
881 		delta_core(c, c2);
882 
883 	/* always calculate thread delta */
884 	delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
885 
886 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
887 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
888 		delta_package(p, p2);
889 
890 	return 0;
891 }
892 
893 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
894 {
895 	t->tsc = 0;
896 	t->aperf = 0;
897 	t->mperf = 0;
898 	t->c1 = 0;
899 
900 	t->extra_delta32 = 0;
901 	t->extra_delta64 = 0;
902 
903 	t->irq_count = 0;
904 	t->smi_count = 0;
905 
906 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
907 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
908 
909 	c->c3 = 0;
910 	c->c6 = 0;
911 	c->c7 = 0;
912 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
913 
914 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
915 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
916 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
917 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
918 
919 	p->pc2 = 0;
920 	if (do_pc3)
921 		p->pc3 = 0;
922 	if (do_pc6)
923 		p->pc6 = 0;
924 	if (do_pc7)
925 		p->pc7 = 0;
926 	p->pc8 = 0;
927 	p->pc9 = 0;
928 	p->pc10 = 0;
929 
930 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
931 	p->energy_dram = 0;
932 	p->energy_cores = 0;
933 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
934 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
935 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
936 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
937 
938 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
939 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
940 }
941 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
942 	struct pkg_data *p)
943 {
944 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
945 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
946 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
947 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
948 
949 	average.threads.extra_delta32 += t->extra_delta32;
950 	average.threads.extra_delta64 += t->extra_delta64;
951 
952 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
953 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
954 
955 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
956 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
957 		return 0;
958 
959 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
960 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
961 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
962 
963 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
964 
965 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
966 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
967 		return 0;
968 
969 	if (do_skl_residency) {
970 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
971 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
972 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
973 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
974 	}
975 
976 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
977 	if (do_pc3)
978 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
979 	if (do_pc6)
980 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
981 	if (do_pc7)
982 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
983 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
984 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
985 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
986 
987 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
988 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
989 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
990 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
991 
992 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
993 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
994 
995 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
996 
997 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
998 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
999 	return 0;
1000 }
1001 /*
1002  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1003  * compute the weighted average
1004  */
1005 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1006 	struct pkg_data *p)
1007 {
1008 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1009 
1010 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1011 
1012 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1013 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1014 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1015 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1016 
1017 	average.threads.extra_delta32 /= topo.num_cpus;
1018 	average.threads.extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
1019 
1020 	average.threads.extra_delta64 /= topo.num_cpus;
1021 
1022 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1023 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1024 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1025 
1026 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1027 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1028 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1029 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1030 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1031 	}
1032 
1033 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1034 	if (do_pc3)
1035 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1036 	if (do_pc6)
1037 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1038 	if (do_pc7)
1039 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1040 
1041 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1042 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1043 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1044 }
1045 
1046 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1047 {
1048 	unsigned int low, high;
1049 
1050 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1051 
1052 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1053 }
1054 
1055 /*
1056  * get_counters(...)
1057  * migrate to cpu
1058  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1059  */
1060 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1061 {
1062 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1063 	unsigned long long msr;
1064 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1065 
1066 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1067 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1068 		return -1;
1069 	}
1070 
1071 retry:
1072 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1073 
1074 	if (has_aperf) {
1075 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1076 
1077 		/*
1078 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1079 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1080 		 *
1081 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1082 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1083 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1084 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1085 		 */
1086 
1087 		/*
1088 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1089 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1090 		 */
1091 
1092 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1093 			return -3;
1094 
1095 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1096 
1097 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1098 
1099 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1100 			return -3;
1101 
1102 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1103 
1104 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1105 			return -4;
1106 
1107 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1108 
1109 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1110 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1111 
1112 		/*
1113 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1114 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1115 		 */
1116 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1117 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1118 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1119 				goto retry;
1120 			else
1121 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1122 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1123 		}
1124 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1125 
1126 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1127 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1128 	}
1129 
1130 	if (do_irq)
1131 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1132 	if (do_smi) {
1133 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1134 			return -5;
1135 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1136 	}
1137 	if (extra_delta_offset32) {
1138 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset32, &msr))
1139 			return -5;
1140 		t->extra_delta32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1141 	}
1142 
1143 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
1144 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset64, &t->extra_delta64))
1145 			return -5;
1146 
1147 	if (extra_msr_offset32) {
1148 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset32, &msr))
1149 			return -5;
1150 		t->extra_msr32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1151 	}
1152 
1153 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
1154 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset64, &t->extra_msr64))
1155 			return -5;
1156 
1157 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1158 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1159 			return -6;
1160 	}
1161 
1162 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1163 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1164 		return 0;
1165 
1166 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1167 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1168 			return -6;
1169 	}
1170 
1171 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1172 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1173 			return -7;
1174 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1175 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1176 			return -7;
1177 	}
1178 
1179 	if (do_snb_cstates)
1180 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1181 			return -8;
1182 
1183 	if (do_dts) {
1184 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1185 			return -9;
1186 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1187 	}
1188 
1189 
1190 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1191 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1192 		return 0;
1193 
1194 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1195 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1196 			return -10;
1197 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1198 			return -11;
1199 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1200 			return -12;
1201 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1202 			return -13;
1203 	}
1204 	if (do_pc3)
1205 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1206 			return -9;
1207 	if (do_pc6)
1208 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1209 			return -10;
1210 	if (do_pc2)
1211 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1212 			return -11;
1213 	if (do_pc7)
1214 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1215 			return -12;
1216 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
1217 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1218 			return -13;
1219 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1220 			return -13;
1221 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1222 			return -13;
1223 	}
1224 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1225 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1226 			return -13;
1227 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1228 	}
1229 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) {
1230 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1231 			return -14;
1232 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1233 	}
1234 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1235 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1236 			return -15;
1237 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1238 	}
1239 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1240 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1241 			return -16;
1242 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1243 	}
1244 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1245 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1246 			return -16;
1247 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1248 	}
1249 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1250 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1251 			return -16;
1252 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1253 	}
1254 	if (do_ptm) {
1255 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1256 			return -17;
1257 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1258 	}
1259 
1260 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
1261 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1262 
1263 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
1264 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1265 
1266 	return 0;
1267 }
1268 
1269 /*
1270  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1271  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1272  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1273  */
1274 
1275 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1276 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1277 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1278 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1279 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1280 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1281 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1282 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1283 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1284 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1285 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1286 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1287 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1288 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1289 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1290 
1291 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1292 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1293 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1294 
1295 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1296 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1297 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1298 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1299 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1300 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1301 
1302 
1303 static void
1304 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1305 {
1306 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1307 }
1308 
1309 static void
1310 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1311 {
1312 	unsigned long long msr;
1313 	unsigned int ratio;
1314 
1315 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1316 
1317 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1318 
1319 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1320 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1321 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1322 
1323 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1324 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz base frequency\n",
1325 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1326 
1327 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1328 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1329 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1330 
1331 	return;
1332 }
1333 
1334 static void
1335 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1336 {
1337 	unsigned long long msr;
1338 	unsigned int ratio;
1339 
1340 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1341 
1342 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1343 
1344 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1345 	if (ratio)
1346 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1347 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1348 
1349 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1350 	if (ratio)
1351 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1352 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1353 	return;
1354 }
1355 
1356 static void
1357 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1358 {
1359 	unsigned long long msr;
1360 	unsigned int ratio;
1361 
1362 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1363 
1364 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1365 
1366 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1367 	if (ratio)
1368 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1369 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1370 
1371 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1372 	if (ratio)
1373 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1374 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1375 
1376 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1377 	if (ratio)
1378 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1379 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1380 
1381 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1382 	if (ratio)
1383 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1384 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1385 
1386 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1387 	if (ratio)
1388 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1389 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1390 
1391 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1392 	if (ratio)
1393 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1394 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1395 
1396 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1397 	if (ratio)
1398 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1399 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1400 
1401 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1402 	if (ratio)
1403 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1404 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1405 	return;
1406 }
1407 
1408 static void
1409 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1410 {
1411 	unsigned long long msr;
1412 	unsigned int ratio;
1413 
1414 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1415 
1416 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1417 
1418 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1419 	if (ratio)
1420 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1421 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1422 
1423 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1424 	if (ratio)
1425 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1426 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1427 
1428 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1429 	if (ratio)
1430 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1431 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1432 
1433 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1434 	if (ratio)
1435 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1436 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1437 
1438 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1439 	if (ratio)
1440 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1441 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1442 
1443 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1444 	if (ratio)
1445 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1446 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1447 
1448 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1449 	if (ratio)
1450 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1451 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1452 
1453 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1454 	if (ratio)
1455 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1456 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1457 	return;
1458 }
1459 
1460 static void
1461 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1462 {
1463 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1464 
1465 	unsigned long long msr;
1466 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1467 	int i, b_nr;
1468 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1469 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1470 
1471 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1472 
1473 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1474 		base_cpu, msr);
1475 
1476 	/**
1477 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1478 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1479 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1480 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1481 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1482 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1483 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1484 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1485 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1486 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1487 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1488 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1489 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1490 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1491 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1492 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1493 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1494 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1495 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1496 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1497 	 */
1498 
1499 	b_nr = 0;
1500 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1501 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1502 
1503 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1504 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1505 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1506 
1507 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1508 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1509 		b_nr++;
1510 	}
1511 
1512 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1513 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1514 			fprintf(outf,
1515 				"%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1516 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1517 }
1518 
1519 static void
1520 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1521 {
1522 	unsigned long long msr;
1523 
1524 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
1525 
1526 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1527 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1528 
1529 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1530 
1531 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1532 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1533 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1534 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1535 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1536 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1537 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
1538 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1539 	return;
1540 }
1541 
1542 static void
1543 dump_config_tdp(void)
1544 {
1545 	unsigned long long msr;
1546 
1547 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1548 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1549 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
1550 
1551 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1552 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1553 	if (msr) {
1554 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1555 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1556 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1557 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1558 	}
1559 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1560 
1561 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1562 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1563 	if (msr) {
1564 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1565 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1566 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1567 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1568 	}
1569 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1570 
1571 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1572 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1573 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1574 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1575 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1576 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1577 
1578 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1579 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1580 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
1581 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1582 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1583 }
1584 
1585 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
1586 
1587 void print_irtl(void)
1588 {
1589 	unsigned long long msr;
1590 
1591 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
1592 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1593 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1594 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1595 
1596 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
1597 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1598 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1599 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1600 
1601 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
1602 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1603 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1604 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1605 
1606 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
1607 		return;
1608 
1609 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
1610 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1611 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1612 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1613 
1614 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
1615 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1616 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1617 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1618 
1619 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
1620 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1621 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1622 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1623 
1624 }
1625 void free_fd_percpu(void)
1626 {
1627 	int i;
1628 
1629 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
1630 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
1631 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
1632 	}
1633 
1634 	free(fd_percpu);
1635 }
1636 
1637 void free_all_buffers(void)
1638 {
1639 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1640 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1641 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
1642 
1643 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1644 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1645 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1646 
1647 	free(thread_even);
1648 	free(core_even);
1649 	free(package_even);
1650 
1651 	thread_even = NULL;
1652 	core_even = NULL;
1653 	package_even = NULL;
1654 
1655 	free(thread_odd);
1656 	free(core_odd);
1657 	free(package_odd);
1658 
1659 	thread_odd = NULL;
1660 	core_odd = NULL;
1661 	package_odd = NULL;
1662 
1663 	free(output_buffer);
1664 	output_buffer = NULL;
1665 	outp = NULL;
1666 
1667 	free_fd_percpu();
1668 
1669 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
1670 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
1671 }
1672 
1673 /*
1674  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1675  */
1676 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1677 {
1678 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1679 	if (!filep)
1680 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1681 	return filep;
1682 }
1683 
1684 /*
1685  * Parse a file containing a single int.
1686  */
1687 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
1688 {
1689 	va_list args;
1690 	char path[PATH_MAX];
1691 	FILE *filep;
1692 	int value;
1693 
1694 	va_start(args, fmt);
1695 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
1696 	va_end(args);
1697 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1698 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
1699 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
1700 	fclose(filep);
1701 	return value;
1702 }
1703 
1704 /*
1705  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
1706  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
1707  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
1708  */
1709 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
1710 {
1711 	char path[64];
1712 	FILE *filep;
1713 	int this_cpu;
1714 	char character;
1715 	int i;
1716 
1717 	sprintf(path,
1718 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
1719 		cpu);
1720 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
1721 	if (filep == NULL) {
1722 		perror(path);
1723 		exit(1);
1724 	}
1725 
1726 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
1727 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
1728 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
1729 			fclose(filep);
1730 			return i;
1731 		}
1732 
1733 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
1734 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
1735 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
1736 	}
1737 
1738 	fclose(filep);
1739 	return -1;
1740 }
1741 
1742 /*
1743  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
1744  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
1745  */
1746 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
1747 {
1748 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
1749 }
1750 
1751 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
1752 {
1753 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
1754 }
1755 
1756 int get_core_id(int cpu)
1757 {
1758 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
1759 }
1760 
1761 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
1762 {
1763 	char path[80];
1764 	FILE *filep;
1765 	int sib1;
1766 	int matches = 0;
1767 	char character;
1768 	char str[100];
1769 	char *ch;
1770 
1771 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
1772 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1773 
1774 	/*
1775 	 * file format:
1776 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
1777 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
1778 	 */
1779 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
1780 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
1781 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
1782 	ch = strchr(str, character);
1783 	while (ch != NULL) {
1784 		matches++;
1785 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
1786 	}
1787 
1788 	fclose(filep);
1789 	return matches+1;
1790 }
1791 
1792 /*
1793  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
1794  * skip non-present cpus
1795  */
1796 
1797 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1798 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1799 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
1800 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
1801 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
1802 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
1803 {
1804 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
1805 
1806 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
1807 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
1808 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
1809 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
1810 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
1811 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
1812 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
1813 
1814 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1815 
1816 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
1817 					continue;
1818 
1819 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1820 
1821 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
1822 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
1823 
1824 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
1825 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
1826 
1827 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
1828 				if (retval)
1829 					return retval;
1830 			}
1831 		}
1832 	}
1833 	return 0;
1834 }
1835 
1836 /*
1837  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
1838  * return max_cpu number
1839  */
1840 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
1841 {
1842 	FILE *fp;
1843 	int cpu_num;
1844 	int retval;
1845 
1846 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
1847 
1848 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
1849 	if (retval != 0)
1850 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
1851 
1852 	while (1) {
1853 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
1854 		if (retval != 1)
1855 			break;
1856 
1857 		retval = func(cpu_num);
1858 		if (retval) {
1859 			fclose(fp);
1860 			return(retval);
1861 		}
1862 	}
1863 	fclose(fp);
1864 	return 0;
1865 }
1866 
1867 void re_initialize(void)
1868 {
1869 	free_all_buffers();
1870 	setup_all_buffers();
1871 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
1872 }
1873 
1874 
1875 /*
1876  * count_cpus()
1877  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
1878  */
1879 int count_cpus(int cpu)
1880 {
1881 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
1882 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
1883 
1884 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
1885 	return 0;
1886 }
1887 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
1888 {
1889 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
1890 	return 0;
1891 }
1892 
1893 /*
1894  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
1895  *
1896  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
1897  *
1898  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1899  */
1900 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
1901 {
1902 	static FILE *fp;
1903 	int column, retval;
1904 
1905 	if (fp == NULL)
1906 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
1907 	else
1908 		rewind(fp);
1909 
1910 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
1911 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
1912 		int cpu_number;
1913 
1914 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
1915 		if (retval != 1)
1916 			break;
1917 
1918 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
1919 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
1920 			return 1;
1921 		}
1922 
1923 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
1924 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
1925 	}
1926 
1927 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
1928 	while (1) {
1929 		int column;
1930 		char buf[64];
1931 
1932 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
1933 		if (retval != 1)
1934 			break;
1935 
1936 		/* read the count per cpu */
1937 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
1938 
1939 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
1940 
1941 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
1942 			if (retval != 1)
1943 				break;
1944 
1945 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
1946 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
1947 
1948 		}
1949 
1950 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
1951 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
1952 
1953 	}
1954 	return 0;
1955 }
1956 /*
1957  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
1958  *
1959  * record snapshot of
1960  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
1961  *
1962  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1963  */
1964 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
1965 {
1966 	FILE *fp;
1967 	int retval;
1968 
1969 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
1970 
1971 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
1972 	if (retval != 1)
1973 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
1974 
1975 	fclose(fp);
1976 
1977 	return 0;
1978 }
1979 /*
1980  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
1981  *
1982  * record snapshot of
1983  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
1984  *
1985  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1986  */
1987 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
1988 {
1989 	static FILE *fp;
1990 	int retval;
1991 
1992 	if (fp == NULL)
1993 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
1994 	else
1995 		rewind(fp);
1996 
1997 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
1998 	if (retval != 1)
1999 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2000 
2001 	return 0;
2002 }
2003 
2004 /*
2005  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2006  *
2007  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2008  */
2009 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2010 {
2011 	if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2012 		return 1;
2013 
2014 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
2015 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2016 
2017 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
2018 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2019 
2020 	return 0;
2021 }
2022 
2023 void turbostat_loop()
2024 {
2025 	int retval;
2026 	int restarted = 0;
2027 
2028 restart:
2029 	restarted++;
2030 
2031 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2032 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2033 	if (retval < -1) {
2034 		exit(retval);
2035 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2036 		if (restarted > 1) {
2037 			exit(retval);
2038 		}
2039 		re_initialize();
2040 		goto restart;
2041 	}
2042 	restarted = 0;
2043 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2044 
2045 	while (1) {
2046 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2047 			re_initialize();
2048 			goto restart;
2049 		}
2050 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2051 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2052 			goto restart;
2053 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2054 		if (retval < -1) {
2055 			exit(retval);
2056 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2057 			re_initialize();
2058 			goto restart;
2059 		}
2060 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2061 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2062 		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2063 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2064 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2065 		flush_output_stdout();
2066 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2067 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2068 			goto restart;
2069 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2070 		if (retval < -1) {
2071 			exit(retval);
2072 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2073 			re_initialize();
2074 			goto restart;
2075 		}
2076 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2077 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2078 		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS);
2079 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2080 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2081 		flush_output_stdout();
2082 	}
2083 }
2084 
2085 void check_dev_msr()
2086 {
2087 	struct stat sb;
2088 	char pathname[32];
2089 
2090 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2091 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2092  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2093 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2094 }
2095 
2096 void check_permissions()
2097 {
2098 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2099 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2100 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2101 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2102 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2103 	int do_exit = 0;
2104 	char pathname[32];
2105 
2106 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2107 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2108 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2109 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2110 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2111 
2112 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2113 		do_exit++;
2114 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2115 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2116 	}
2117 
2118 	/* test file permissions */
2119 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2120 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2121 		do_exit++;
2122 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2123 	}
2124 
2125 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2126 	if (do_exit)
2127 		if (getuid() != 0)
2128 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2129 
2130 	if (do_exit)
2131 		exit(-6);
2132 }
2133 
2134 /*
2135  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2136  *
2137  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2138  *
2139  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2140  * MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL     0x000000e2
2141  *
2142  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2143  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2144  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2145  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2146  *
2147  * Side effect:
2148  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL
2149  */
2150 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2151 {
2152 	unsigned long long msr;
2153 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2154 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2155 
2156 	if (!genuine_intel)
2157 		return 0;
2158 
2159 	if (family != 6)
2160 		return 0;
2161 
2162 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2163 
2164 	switch (model) {
2165 	case 0x1A:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2166 	case 0x1E:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2167 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2168 	case 0x25:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2169 	case 0x2C:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2170 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2171 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2172 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2173 		break;
2174 	case 0x2A:	/* SNB */
2175 	case 0x2D:	/* SNB Xeon */
2176 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2177 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2178 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2179 		break;
2180 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2181 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2182 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2183 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2184 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2185 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2186 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2187 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2188 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2189 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2190 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2191 		break;
2192 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2193 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2194 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2195 		break;
2196 	case 0x4C:	/* AMT */
2197 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2198 		break;
2199 	case 0x57:	/* PHI */
2200 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2201 		break;
2202 	default:
2203 		return 0;
2204 	}
2205 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
2206 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2207 
2208 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2209 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2210 
2211 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2212 	has_base_hz = 1;
2213 	return 1;
2214 }
2215 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2216 {
2217 	switch (model) {
2218 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2219 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2220 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2221 	case 0x57:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2222 		return 0;
2223 	default:
2224 		return 1;
2225 	}
2226 }
2227 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2228 {
2229 	if (!genuine_intel)
2230 		return 0;
2231 
2232 	if (family != 6)
2233 		return 0;
2234 
2235 	switch (model) {
2236 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2237 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
2238 		return 1;
2239 	default:
2240 		return 0;
2241 	}
2242 }
2243 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2244 {
2245 	if (!genuine_intel)
2246 		return 0;
2247 
2248 	if (family != 6)
2249 		return 0;
2250 
2251 	switch (model) {
2252 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
2253 		return 1;
2254 	default:
2255 		return 0;
2256 	}
2257 }
2258 
2259 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2260 {
2261 	if (!genuine_intel)
2262 		return 0;
2263 
2264 	if (family != 6)
2265 		return 0;
2266 
2267 	switch (model) {
2268 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
2269 		return 1;
2270 	default:
2271 		return 0;
2272 	}
2273 }
2274 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2275 {
2276 	if (!genuine_intel)
2277 		return 0;
2278 
2279 	if (family != 6)
2280 		return 0;
2281 
2282 	switch (model) {
2283 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2284 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2285 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2286 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2287 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2288 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2289 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2290 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2291 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2292 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2293 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2294 
2295 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
2296 		return 1;
2297 	default:
2298 		return 0;
2299 	}
2300 }
2301 
2302 static void
2303 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(int family, int model)
2304 {
2305 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2306 		return;
2307 
2308 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2309 
2310 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2311 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2312 
2313 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2314 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2315 
2316 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2317 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2318 
2319 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2320 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2321 
2322 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2323 		dump_config_tdp();
2324 
2325 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2326 }
2327 
2328 
2329 /*
2330  * print_epb()
2331  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2332  */
2333 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2334 {
2335 	unsigned long long msr;
2336 	char *epb_string;
2337 	int cpu;
2338 
2339 	if (!has_epb)
2340 		return 0;
2341 
2342 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2343 
2344 	/* EPB is per-package */
2345 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2346 		return 0;
2347 
2348 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2349 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2350 		return -1;
2351 	}
2352 
2353 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2354 		return 0;
2355 
2356 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2357 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2358 		epb_string = "performance";
2359 		break;
2360 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2361 		epb_string = "balanced";
2362 		break;
2363 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2364 		epb_string = "powersave";
2365 		break;
2366 	default:
2367 		epb_string = "custom";
2368 		break;
2369 	}
2370 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2371 
2372 	return 0;
2373 }
2374 /*
2375  * print_hwp()
2376  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2377  */
2378 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2379 {
2380 	unsigned long long msr;
2381 	int cpu;
2382 
2383 	if (!has_hwp)
2384 		return 0;
2385 
2386 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2387 
2388 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2389 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2390 		return 0;
2391 
2392 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2393 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2394 		return -1;
2395 	}
2396 
2397 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2398 		return 0;
2399 
2400 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2401 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2402 
2403 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2404 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2405 		return 0;
2406 
2407 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2408 		return 0;
2409 
2410 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2411 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2412 			cpu, msr,
2413 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2414 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2415 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2416 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2417 
2418 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2419 		return 0;
2420 
2421 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2422 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2423 			cpu, msr,
2424 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2425 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2426 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2427 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2428 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2429 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2430 
2431 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2432 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2433 			return 0;
2434 
2435 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2436 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2437 			cpu, msr,
2438 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2439 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2440 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2441 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2442 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2443 	}
2444 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2445 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2446 			return 0;
2447 
2448 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2449 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2450 			cpu, msr,
2451 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2452 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2453 	}
2454 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2455 		return 0;
2456 
2457 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2458 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2459 			cpu, msr,
2460 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2461 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2462 
2463 	return 0;
2464 }
2465 
2466 /*
2467  * print_perf_limit()
2468  */
2469 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2470 {
2471 	unsigned long long msr;
2472 	int cpu;
2473 
2474 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2475 
2476 	/* per-package */
2477 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2478 		return 0;
2479 
2480 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2481 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2482 		return -1;
2483 	}
2484 
2485 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2486 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2487 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2488 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2489 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2490 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2491 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2492 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2493 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2494 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2495 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2496 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2497 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2498 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2499 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2500 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2501 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2502 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2503 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2504 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2505 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2506 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2507 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2508 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2509 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2510 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2511 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2512 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2513 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2514 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2515 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2516 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2517 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2518 
2519 	}
2520 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2521 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2522 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2523 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2524 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2525 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2526 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2527 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2528 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2529 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2530 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2531 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2532 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2533 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2534 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2535 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2536 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2537 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2538 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2539 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2540 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2541 	}
2542 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2543 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2544 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2545 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2546 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2547 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2548 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2549 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2550 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2551 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2552 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2553 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2554 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2555 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2556 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2557 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2558 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2559 	}
2560 	return 0;
2561 }
2562 
2563 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2564 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2565 
2566 double get_tdp(int model)
2567 {
2568 	unsigned long long msr;
2569 
2570 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2571 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2572 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2573 
2574 	switch (model) {
2575 	case 0x37:
2576 	case 0x4D:
2577 		return 30.0;
2578 	default:
2579 		return 135.0;
2580 	}
2581 }
2582 
2583 /*
2584  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2585  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2586  */
2587 static double
2588 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2589 {
2590 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2591 
2592 	switch (model) {
2593 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2594 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2595 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2596 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2597 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2598 	default:
2599 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2600 	}
2601 }
2602 
2603 
2604 /*
2605  * rapl_probe()
2606  *
2607  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2608  */
2609 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2610 {
2611 	unsigned long long msr;
2612 	unsigned int time_unit;
2613 	double tdp;
2614 
2615 	if (!genuine_intel)
2616 		return;
2617 
2618 	if (family != 6)
2619 		return;
2620 
2621 	switch (model) {
2622 	case 0x2A:
2623 	case 0x3A:
2624 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2625 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2626 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2627 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2628 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2629 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2630 		break;
2631 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2632 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2633 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2634 		break;
2635 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2636 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2637 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2638 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2639 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2640 		break;
2641 	case 0x2D:
2642 	case 0x3E:
2643 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2644 		break;
2645 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2646 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2647 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES ;
2648 		break;
2649 	default:
2650 		return;
2651 	}
2652 
2653 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
2654 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2655 		return;
2656 
2657 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
2658 	if (model == 0x37)
2659 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
2660 	else
2661 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
2662 
2663 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
2664 
2665 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
2666 	if (time_unit == 0)
2667 		time_unit = 0xA;
2668 
2669 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
2670 
2671 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
2672 
2673 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
2674 	if (debug)
2675 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
2676 
2677 	return;
2678 }
2679 
2680 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(int family, int model)
2681 {
2682 	if (!genuine_intel)
2683 		return;
2684 
2685 	if (family != 6)
2686 		return;
2687 
2688 	switch (model) {
2689 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2690 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2691 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2692 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2693 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2694 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2695 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2696 	default:
2697 		return;
2698 	}
2699 }
2700 
2701 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2702 {
2703 	unsigned long long msr;
2704 	unsigned int dts;
2705 	int cpu;
2706 
2707 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
2708 		return 0;
2709 
2710 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2711 
2712 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
2713 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2714 		return 0;
2715 
2716 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2717 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2718 		return -1;
2719 	}
2720 
2721 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
2722 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2723 			return 0;
2724 
2725 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2726 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
2727 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
2728 
2729 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
2730 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2731 			return 0;
2732 
2733 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2734 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2735 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2736 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2737 #endif
2738 	}
2739 
2740 
2741 	if (do_dts) {
2742 		unsigned int resolution;
2743 
2744 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2745 			return 0;
2746 
2747 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2748 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
2749 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
2750 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
2751 
2752 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
2753 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2754 			return 0;
2755 
2756 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2757 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2758 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2759 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2760 #endif
2761 	}
2762 
2763 	return 0;
2764 }
2765 
2766 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
2767 {
2768 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2769 		cpu, label,
2770 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2771 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2772 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2773 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
2774 
2775 	return;
2776 }
2777 
2778 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2779 {
2780 	unsigned long long msr;
2781 	int cpu;
2782 
2783 	if (!do_rapl)
2784 		return 0;
2785 
2786 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
2787 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2788 		return 0;
2789 
2790 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2791 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2792 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2793 		return -1;
2794 	}
2795 
2796 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2797 		return -1;
2798 
2799 	if (debug) {
2800 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx "
2801 			"(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
2802 			rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
2803 	}
2804 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
2805 
2806 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2807                 	return -5;
2808 
2809 
2810 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2811 			cpu, msr,
2812 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2813 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2814 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2815 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2816 
2817 	}
2818 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2819 
2820 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2821 			return -9;
2822 
2823 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2824 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2825 
2826 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
2827 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2828 			cpu,
2829 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2830 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2831 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2832 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
2833 	}
2834 
2835 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
2836 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2837                 	return -6;
2838 
2839 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2840 			cpu, msr,
2841 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2842 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2843 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2844 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2845 	}
2846 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2847 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2848 			return -9;
2849 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2850 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2851 
2852 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
2853 	}
2854 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
2855 		if (debug) {
2856 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
2857 				return -7;
2858 
2859 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2860 		}
2861 	}
2862 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) {
2863 		if (debug) {
2864 
2865 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2866 				return -9;
2867 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2868 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2869 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
2870 		}
2871 	}
2872 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2873 		if (debug) {
2874 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
2875 				return -8;
2876 
2877 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2878 
2879 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2880 				return -9;
2881 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2882 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2883 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
2884 		}
2885 	}
2886 	return 0;
2887 }
2888 
2889 /*
2890  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
2891  *
2892  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
2893  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
2894  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
2895  */
2896 
2897 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2898 {
2899 	if (!genuine_intel)
2900 		return 0;
2901 
2902 	switch (model) {
2903 	case 0x2A:
2904 	case 0x2D:
2905 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2906 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2907 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2908 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW */
2909 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2910 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2911 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2912 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2913 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2914 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2915 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2916 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2917 		return 1;
2918 	}
2919 	return 0;
2920 }
2921 
2922 /*
2923  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
2924  *
2925  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
2926  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
2927  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
2928  *
2929  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
2930  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
2931  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
2932  *
2933  */
2934 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2935 {
2936 	if (!genuine_intel)
2937 		return 0;
2938 
2939 	switch (model) {
2940 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2941 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2942 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2943 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2944 		return 1;
2945 	}
2946 	return 0;
2947 }
2948 
2949 /*
2950  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
2951  *
2952  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
2953  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
2954  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
2955  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
2956  */
2957 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2958 {
2959 	if (!genuine_intel)
2960 		return 0;
2961 
2962 	switch (model) {
2963 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2964 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2965 		return 1;
2966 	}
2967 	return 0;
2968 }
2969 
2970 
2971 
2972 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2973 {
2974 	if (!genuine_intel)
2975 		return 0;
2976 	switch (model) {
2977 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2978 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2979 		return 1;
2980 	}
2981 	return 0;
2982 }
2983 
2984 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2985 {
2986 	if (!genuine_intel)
2987 		return 0;
2988 	switch (model) {
2989 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2990 		return 1;
2991 	}
2992 	return 0;
2993 }
2994 
2995 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2996 {
2997 	if (is_knl(family, model))
2998 		return 1024;
2999 	return 1;
3000 }
3001 
3002 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3003 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3004 
3005 double slm_bclk(void)
3006 {
3007 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3008 	unsigned int i;
3009 	double freq;
3010 
3011 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3012 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3013 
3014 	i = msr & 0xf;
3015 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3016 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3017 		msr = 3;
3018 	}
3019 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3020 
3021 	fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3022 
3023 	return freq;
3024 }
3025 
3026 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3027 {
3028 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3029 		return 100.00;
3030 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3031 		return slm_bclk();
3032 	else
3033 		return 133.33;
3034 }
3035 
3036 /*
3037  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3038  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3039  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3040  *
3041  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3042  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3043  *
3044  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3045  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3046  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3047  */
3048 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3049 {
3050 	unsigned long long msr;
3051 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3052 	int cpu;
3053 
3054 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3055 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3056 		return 0;
3057 
3058 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3059 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3060 		return 0;
3061 
3062 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3063 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3064 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3065 		return -1;
3066 	}
3067 
3068 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3069 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3070 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3071 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3072 		return 0;
3073 	}
3074 
3075 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3076 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3077 		goto guess;
3078 
3079 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3080 		goto guess;
3081 
3082 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3083 
3084 	if (debug)
3085 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3086 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3087 
3088 	if (!target_c_local)
3089 		goto guess;
3090 
3091 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3092 
3093 	return 0;
3094 
3095 guess:
3096 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3097 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3098 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3099 
3100 	return 0;
3101 }
3102 
3103 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3104 {
3105 	unsigned long long msr;
3106 
3107 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3108 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3109 			base_cpu, msr,
3110 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3111 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3112 }
3113 
3114 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3115 {
3116 	unsigned long long msr;
3117 
3118 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3119 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%s %s %s)\n",
3120 			base_cpu, msr,
3121 			msr & (1 << 3) ? "TCC" : "",
3122 			msr & (1 << 16) ? "EIST" : "",
3123 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "MONITOR" : "");
3124 }
3125 
3126 /*
3127  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3128  *
3129  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3130  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3131  * bit[1] less so...
3132  */
3133 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3134 {
3135 	unsigned long long msr;
3136 
3137 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3138 		return;
3139 
3140 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3141 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB)\n",
3142 			base_cpu, msr,
3143 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3144 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3145 }
3146 
3147 void process_cpuid()
3148 {
3149 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
3150 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
3151 
3152 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3153 
3154 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3155 
3156 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
3157 		genuine_intel = 1;
3158 
3159 	if (debug)
3160 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
3161 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
3162 
3163 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
3164 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
3165 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
3166 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
3167 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
3168 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
3169 
3170 	if (debug) {
3171 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
3172 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
3173 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
3174 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
3175 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
3176 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
3177 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
3178 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
3179 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
3180 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
3181 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
3182 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
3183 	}
3184 
3185 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
3186 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
3187 
3188 	/*
3189 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
3190 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
3191 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
3192 	 */
3193 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3194 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3195 
3196 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
3197 
3198 		/*
3199 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
3200 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3201 		 */
3202 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3203 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
3204 	}
3205 
3206 	/*
3207 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
3208 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3209 	 */
3210 
3211 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3212 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
3213 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
3214 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
3215 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
3216 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
3217 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
3218 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
3219 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
3220 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
3221 
3222 	if (debug)
3223 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
3224 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
3225 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
3226 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
3227 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
3228 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
3229 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
3230 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
3231 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
3232 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
3233 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
3234 
3235 	if (debug)
3236 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
3237 
3238 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && debug) {
3239 		int has_sgx;
3240 
3241 		ecx = 0;
3242 
3243 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3244 
3245 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
3246 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
3247 
3248 		if (has_sgx)
3249 			decode_feature_control_msr();
3250 	}
3251 
3252 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
3253 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
3254 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
3255 
3256 		/*
3257 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
3258 		 */
3259 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
3260 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
3261 
3262 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
3263 
3264 			if (debug && (ebx != 0))
3265 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
3266 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
3267 
3268 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
3269 				switch(model) {
3270 				case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
3271 				case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
3272 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24 MHz */
3273 					break;
3274 				default:
3275 					crystal_hz = 0;
3276 			}
3277 
3278 			if (crystal_hz) {
3279 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
3280 				if (debug)
3281 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
3282 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
3283 			}
3284 		}
3285 	}
3286 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
3287 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
3288 
3289 		/*
3290 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
3291 		 */
3292 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
3293 
3294 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
3295 		if (debug)
3296 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
3297 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
3298 	}
3299 
3300 	if (has_aperf)
3301 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
3302 
3303 	do_nhm_platform_info = do_nhm_cstates = do_smi = probe_nhm_msrs(family, model);
3304 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3305 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3306 	do_pc2 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2);
3307 	do_pc3 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3);
3308 	do_pc6 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6);
3309 	do_pc7 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7);
3310 	do_c8_c9_c10 = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3311 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3312 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
3313 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
3314 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
3315 
3316 	if (debug)
3317 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
3318 
3319 	rapl_probe(family, model);
3320 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
3321 
3322 	if (debug)
3323 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
3324 
3325 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
3326 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
3327 
3328 	do_gfx_rc6_ms = !access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK);
3329 
3330 	do_gfx_mhz = !access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK);
3331 
3332 	return;
3333 }
3334 
3335 void help()
3336 {
3337 	fprintf(outf,
3338 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
3339 	"\n"
3340 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
3341 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
3342 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
3343 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
3344 	"--debug	run in \"debug\" mode\n"
3345 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
3346 	"--help		print this help message\n"
3347 	"--counter msr	print 32-bit counter at address \"msr\"\n"
3348 	"--Counter msr	print 64-bit Counter at address \"msr\"\n"
3349 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3350 	"--msr msr	print 32-bit value at address \"msr\"\n"
3351 	"--MSR msr	print 64-bit Value at address \"msr\"\n"
3352 	"--version	print version information\n"
3353 	"\n"
3354 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3355 }
3356 
3357 
3358 /*
3359  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3360  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3361  */
3362 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3363 {
3364 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3365 		return 1;
3366 	else
3367 		return 0;
3368 }
3369 
3370 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3371 {
3372 	return 0;
3373 }
3374 
3375 void topology_probe()
3376 {
3377 	int i;
3378 	int max_core_id = 0;
3379 	int max_package_id = 0;
3380 	int max_siblings = 0;
3381 	struct cpu_topology {
3382 		int core_id;
3383 		int physical_package_id;
3384 	} *cpus;
3385 
3386 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3387 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3388 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3389 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3390 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3391 		show_cpu = 1;
3392 
3393 	if (debug > 1)
3394 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3395 
3396 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3397 	if (cpus == NULL)
3398 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3399 
3400 	/*
3401 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3402 	 */
3403 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3404 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3405 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3406 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3407 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3408 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3409 
3410 	/*
3411 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3412 	 */
3413 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3414 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3415 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3416 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3417 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3418 
3419 
3420 	/*
3421 	 * For online cpus
3422 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3423 	 */
3424 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3425 		int siblings;
3426 
3427 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3428 			if (debug > 1)
3429 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3430 			continue;
3431 		}
3432 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3433 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3434 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3435 
3436 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3437 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3438 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3439 
3440 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3441 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3442 			max_siblings = siblings;
3443 		if (debug > 1)
3444 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3445 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
3446 	}
3447 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
3448 	if (debug > 1)
3449 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
3450 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
3451 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
3452 		show_core = 1;
3453 
3454 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
3455 	if (debug > 1)
3456 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
3457 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
3458 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
3459 		show_pkg = 1;
3460 
3461 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
3462 	if (debug > 1)
3463 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
3464 
3465 	free(cpus);
3466 }
3467 
3468 void
3469 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
3470 {
3471 	int i;
3472 
3473 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
3474 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
3475 	if (*t == NULL)
3476 		goto error;
3477 
3478 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
3479 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3480 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
3481 
3482 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
3483 		sizeof(struct core_data));
3484 	if (*c == NULL)
3485 		goto error;
3486 
3487 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3488 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
3489 
3490 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
3491 	if (*p == NULL)
3492 		goto error;
3493 
3494 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
3495 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
3496 
3497 	return;
3498 error:
3499 	err(1, "calloc counters");
3500 }
3501 /*
3502  * init_counter()
3503  *
3504  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
3505  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
3506  *
3507  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
3508  */
3509 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
3510 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
3511 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
3512 {
3513 	struct thread_data *t;
3514 	struct core_data *c;
3515 	struct pkg_data *p;
3516 
3517 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
3518 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
3519 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
3520 
3521 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
3522 	if (thread_num == 0) {
3523 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
3524 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
3525 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
3526 	}
3527 
3528 	c->core_id = core_num;
3529 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
3530 }
3531 
3532 
3533 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
3534 {
3535 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
3536 
3537 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
3538 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
3539 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
3540 	if (!my_thread_id)
3541 		topo.num_cores++;
3542 
3543 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3544 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3545 	return 0;
3546 }
3547 
3548 void allocate_output_buffer()
3549 {
3550 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
3551 	outp = output_buffer;
3552 	if (outp == NULL)
3553 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
3554 }
3555 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
3556 {
3557 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num, sizeof(int));
3558 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
3559 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
3560 }
3561 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
3562 {
3563 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
3564 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
3565 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
3566 
3567 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num, sizeof(int));
3568 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
3569 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num);
3570 }
3571 void setup_all_buffers(void)
3572 {
3573 	topology_probe();
3574 	allocate_irq_buffers();
3575 	allocate_fd_percpu();
3576 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
3577 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
3578 	allocate_output_buffer();
3579 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
3580 }
3581 
3582 void set_base_cpu(void)
3583 {
3584 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
3585 	if (base_cpu < 0)
3586 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
3587 
3588 	if (debug > 1)
3589 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
3590 }
3591 
3592 void turbostat_init()
3593 {
3594 	setup_all_buffers();
3595 	set_base_cpu();
3596 	check_dev_msr();
3597 	check_permissions();
3598 	process_cpuid();
3599 
3600 
3601 	if (debug)
3602 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
3603 
3604 	if (debug)
3605 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
3606 
3607 	if (debug)
3608 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
3609 
3610 	if (debug)
3611 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
3612 
3613 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
3614 
3615 	if (debug)
3616 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
3617 
3618 	if (debug && do_irtl_snb)
3619 		print_irtl();
3620 }
3621 
3622 int fork_it(char **argv)
3623 {
3624 	pid_t child_pid;
3625 	int status;
3626 
3627 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3628 	if (status)
3629 		exit(status);
3630 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
3631 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3632 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3633 
3634 	child_pid = fork();
3635 	if (!child_pid) {
3636 		/* child */
3637 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
3638 	} else {
3639 
3640 		/* parent */
3641 		if (child_pid == -1)
3642 			err(1, "fork");
3643 
3644 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
3645 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
3646 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
3647 			err(status, "waitpid");
3648 	}
3649 	/*
3650 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
3651 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
3652 	 */
3653 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3654 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3655 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3656 	for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3657 	compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3658 	format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3659 
3660 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
3661 
3662 	flush_output_stderr();
3663 
3664 	return status;
3665 }
3666 
3667 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
3668 {
3669 	int status;
3670 
3671 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3672 	if (status)
3673 		return status;
3674 
3675 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3676 	if (status)
3677 		return status;
3678 
3679 	flush_output_stdout();
3680 
3681 	return status;
3682 }
3683 
3684 void print_version() {
3685 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.11 27 Feb 2016"
3686 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
3687 }
3688 
3689 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
3690 {
3691 	int opt;
3692 	int option_index = 0;
3693 	static struct option long_options[] = {
3694 		{"Counter",	required_argument,	0, 'C'},
3695 		{"counter",	required_argument,	0, 'c'},
3696 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
3697 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},
3698 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
3699 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
3700 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
3701 		{"MSR",		required_argument,	0, 'M'},
3702 		{"msr",		required_argument,	0, 'm'},
3703 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
3704 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3705 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3706 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
3707 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
3708 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
3709 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
3710 	};
3711 
3712 	progname = argv[0];
3713 
3714 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpST:v",
3715 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
3716 		switch (opt) {
3717 		case 'C':
3718 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset64);
3719 			break;
3720 		case 'c':
3721 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset32);
3722 			break;
3723 		case 'D':
3724 			dump_only++;
3725 			break;
3726 		case 'd':
3727 			debug++;
3728 			break;
3729 		case 'h':
3730 		default:
3731 			help();
3732 			exit(1);
3733 		case 'i':
3734 			{
3735 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
3736 
3737 				if (interval < 0.001) {
3738 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
3739 						interval);
3740 					exit(2);
3741 				}
3742 
3743 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
3744 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
3745 			}
3746 			break;
3747 		case 'J':
3748 			rapl_joules++;
3749 			break;
3750 		case 'M':
3751 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset64);
3752 			break;
3753 		case 'm':
3754 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset32);
3755 			break;
3756 		case 'o':
3757 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
3758 			break;
3759 		case 'P':
3760 			show_pkg_only++;
3761 			break;
3762 		case 'p':
3763 			show_core_only++;
3764 			break;
3765 		case 'S':
3766 			summary_only++;
3767 			break;
3768 		case 'T':
3769 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
3770 			break;
3771 		case 'v':
3772 			print_version();
3773 			exit(0);
3774 			break;
3775 		}
3776 	}
3777 }
3778 
3779 int main(int argc, char **argv)
3780 {
3781 	outf = stderr;
3782 
3783 	cmdline(argc, argv);
3784 
3785 	if (debug)
3786 		print_version();
3787 
3788 	turbostat_init();
3789 
3790 	/* dump counters and exit */
3791 	if (dump_only)
3792 		return get_and_dump_counters();
3793 
3794 	/*
3795 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
3796 	 */
3797 	if (argc - optind)
3798 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
3799 	else
3800 		turbostat_loop();
3801 
3802 	return 0;
3803 }
3804