xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/trace/trace_events_user.c (revision 9aed4e157d1ffe4aeebc005b4eceede1ed5a403a)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2021, Microsoft Corporation.
4  *
5  * Authors:
6  *   Beau Belgrave <beaub@linux.microsoft.com>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
10 #include <linux/cdev.h>
11 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
12 #include <linux/list.h>
13 #include <linux/io.h>
14 #include <linux/uio.h>
15 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
16 #include <linux/jhash.h>
17 #include <linux/trace_events.h>
18 #include <linux/tracefs.h>
19 #include <linux/types.h>
20 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
21 #include <uapi/linux/user_events.h>
22 #include "trace.h"
23 #include "trace_dynevent.h"
24 
25 #define USER_EVENTS_PREFIX_LEN (sizeof(USER_EVENTS_PREFIX)-1)
26 
27 #define FIELD_DEPTH_TYPE 0
28 #define FIELD_DEPTH_NAME 1
29 #define FIELD_DEPTH_SIZE 2
30 
31 /*
32  * Limits how many trace_event calls user processes can create:
33  * Must be multiple of PAGE_SIZE.
34  */
35 #define MAX_PAGES 1
36 #define MAX_EVENTS (MAX_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE)
37 
38 /* Limit how long of an event name plus args within the subsystem. */
39 #define MAX_EVENT_DESC 512
40 #define EVENT_NAME(user_event) ((user_event)->tracepoint.name)
41 #define MAX_FIELD_ARRAY_SIZE 1024
42 #define MAX_FIELD_ARG_NAME 256
43 
44 static char *register_page_data;
45 
46 static DEFINE_MUTEX(reg_mutex);
47 static DEFINE_HASHTABLE(register_table, 4);
48 static DECLARE_BITMAP(page_bitmap, MAX_EVENTS);
49 
50 /*
51  * Stores per-event properties, as users register events
52  * within a file a user_event might be created if it does not
53  * already exist. These are globally used and their lifetime
54  * is tied to the refcnt member. These cannot go away until the
55  * refcnt reaches zero.
56  */
57 struct user_event {
58 	struct tracepoint tracepoint;
59 	struct trace_event_call call;
60 	struct trace_event_class class;
61 	struct dyn_event devent;
62 	struct hlist_node node;
63 	struct list_head fields;
64 	atomic_t refcnt;
65 	int index;
66 	int flags;
67 };
68 
69 /*
70  * Stores per-file events references, as users register events
71  * within a file this structure is modified and freed via RCU.
72  * The lifetime of this struct is tied to the lifetime of the file.
73  * These are not shared and only accessible by the file that created it.
74  */
75 struct user_event_refs {
76 	struct rcu_head rcu;
77 	int count;
78 	struct user_event *events[];
79 };
80 
81 typedef void (*user_event_func_t) (struct user_event *user,
82 				   void *data, u32 datalen,
83 				   void *tpdata);
84 
85 static int user_event_parse(char *name, char *args, char *flags,
86 			    struct user_event **newuser);
87 
88 static u32 user_event_key(char *name)
89 {
90 	return jhash(name, strlen(name), 0);
91 }
92 
93 static struct list_head *user_event_get_fields(struct trace_event_call *call)
94 {
95 	struct user_event *user = (struct user_event *)call->data;
96 
97 	return &user->fields;
98 }
99 
100 /*
101  * Parses a register command for user_events
102  * Format: event_name[:FLAG1[,FLAG2...]] [field1[;field2...]]
103  *
104  * Example event named 'test' with a 20 char 'msg' field with an unsigned int
105  * 'id' field after:
106  * test char[20] msg;unsigned int id
107  *
108  * NOTE: Offsets are from the user data perspective, they are not from the
109  * trace_entry/buffer perspective. We automatically add the common properties
110  * sizes to the offset for the user.
111  */
112 static int user_event_parse_cmd(char *raw_command, struct user_event **newuser)
113 {
114 	char *name = raw_command;
115 	char *args = strpbrk(name, " ");
116 	char *flags;
117 
118 	if (args)
119 		*args++ = '\0';
120 
121 	flags = strpbrk(name, ":");
122 
123 	if (flags)
124 		*flags++ = '\0';
125 
126 	return user_event_parse(name, args, flags, newuser);
127 }
128 
129 static int user_field_array_size(const char *type)
130 {
131 	const char *start = strchr(type, '[');
132 	char val[8];
133 	char *bracket;
134 	int size = 0;
135 
136 	if (start == NULL)
137 		return -EINVAL;
138 
139 	if (strscpy(val, start + 1, sizeof(val)) <= 0)
140 		return -EINVAL;
141 
142 	bracket = strchr(val, ']');
143 
144 	if (!bracket)
145 		return -EINVAL;
146 
147 	*bracket = '\0';
148 
149 	if (kstrtouint(val, 0, &size))
150 		return -EINVAL;
151 
152 	if (size > MAX_FIELD_ARRAY_SIZE)
153 		return -EINVAL;
154 
155 	return size;
156 }
157 
158 static int user_field_size(const char *type)
159 {
160 	/* long is not allowed from a user, since it's ambigious in size */
161 	if (strcmp(type, "s64") == 0)
162 		return sizeof(s64);
163 	if (strcmp(type, "u64") == 0)
164 		return sizeof(u64);
165 	if (strcmp(type, "s32") == 0)
166 		return sizeof(s32);
167 	if (strcmp(type, "u32") == 0)
168 		return sizeof(u32);
169 	if (strcmp(type, "int") == 0)
170 		return sizeof(int);
171 	if (strcmp(type, "unsigned int") == 0)
172 		return sizeof(unsigned int);
173 	if (strcmp(type, "s16") == 0)
174 		return sizeof(s16);
175 	if (strcmp(type, "u16") == 0)
176 		return sizeof(u16);
177 	if (strcmp(type, "short") == 0)
178 		return sizeof(short);
179 	if (strcmp(type, "unsigned short") == 0)
180 		return sizeof(unsigned short);
181 	if (strcmp(type, "s8") == 0)
182 		return sizeof(s8);
183 	if (strcmp(type, "u8") == 0)
184 		return sizeof(u8);
185 	if (strcmp(type, "char") == 0)
186 		return sizeof(char);
187 	if (strcmp(type, "unsigned char") == 0)
188 		return sizeof(unsigned char);
189 	if (str_has_prefix(type, "char["))
190 		return user_field_array_size(type);
191 	if (str_has_prefix(type, "unsigned char["))
192 		return user_field_array_size(type);
193 	if (str_has_prefix(type, "__data_loc "))
194 		return sizeof(u32);
195 	if (str_has_prefix(type, "__rel_loc "))
196 		return sizeof(u32);
197 
198 	/* Uknown basic type, error */
199 	return -EINVAL;
200 }
201 
202 static void user_event_destroy_fields(struct user_event *user)
203 {
204 	struct ftrace_event_field *field, *next;
205 	struct list_head *head = &user->fields;
206 
207 	list_for_each_entry_safe(field, next, head, link) {
208 		list_del(&field->link);
209 		kfree(field);
210 	}
211 }
212 
213 static int user_event_add_field(struct user_event *user, const char *type,
214 				const char *name, int offset, int size,
215 				int is_signed, int filter_type)
216 {
217 	struct ftrace_event_field *field;
218 
219 	field = kmalloc(sizeof(*field), GFP_KERNEL);
220 
221 	if (!field)
222 		return -ENOMEM;
223 
224 	field->type = type;
225 	field->name = name;
226 	field->offset = offset;
227 	field->size = size;
228 	field->is_signed = is_signed;
229 	field->filter_type = filter_type;
230 
231 	list_add(&field->link, &user->fields);
232 
233 	return 0;
234 }
235 
236 /*
237  * Parses the values of a field within the description
238  * Format: type name [size]
239  */
240 static int user_event_parse_field(char *field, struct user_event *user,
241 				  u32 *offset)
242 {
243 	char *part, *type, *name;
244 	u32 depth = 0, saved_offset = *offset;
245 	int len, size = -EINVAL;
246 	bool is_struct = false;
247 
248 	field = skip_spaces(field);
249 
250 	if (*field == '\0')
251 		return 0;
252 
253 	/* Handle types that have a space within */
254 	len = str_has_prefix(field, "unsigned ");
255 	if (len)
256 		goto skip_next;
257 
258 	len = str_has_prefix(field, "struct ");
259 	if (len) {
260 		is_struct = true;
261 		goto skip_next;
262 	}
263 
264 	len = str_has_prefix(field, "__data_loc unsigned ");
265 	if (len)
266 		goto skip_next;
267 
268 	len = str_has_prefix(field, "__data_loc ");
269 	if (len)
270 		goto skip_next;
271 
272 	len = str_has_prefix(field, "__rel_loc unsigned ");
273 	if (len)
274 		goto skip_next;
275 
276 	len = str_has_prefix(field, "__rel_loc ");
277 	if (len)
278 		goto skip_next;
279 
280 	goto parse;
281 skip_next:
282 	type = field;
283 	field = strpbrk(field + len, " ");
284 
285 	if (field == NULL)
286 		return -EINVAL;
287 
288 	*field++ = '\0';
289 	depth++;
290 parse:
291 	while ((part = strsep(&field, " ")) != NULL) {
292 		switch (depth++) {
293 		case FIELD_DEPTH_TYPE:
294 			type = part;
295 			break;
296 		case FIELD_DEPTH_NAME:
297 			name = part;
298 			break;
299 		case FIELD_DEPTH_SIZE:
300 			if (!is_struct)
301 				return -EINVAL;
302 
303 			if (kstrtou32(part, 10, &size))
304 				return -EINVAL;
305 			break;
306 		default:
307 			return -EINVAL;
308 		}
309 	}
310 
311 	if (depth < FIELD_DEPTH_SIZE)
312 		return -EINVAL;
313 
314 	if (depth == FIELD_DEPTH_SIZE)
315 		size = user_field_size(type);
316 
317 	if (size == 0)
318 		return -EINVAL;
319 
320 	if (size < 0)
321 		return size;
322 
323 	*offset = saved_offset + size;
324 
325 	return user_event_add_field(user, type, name, saved_offset, size,
326 				    type[0] != 'u', FILTER_OTHER);
327 }
328 
329 static void user_event_parse_flags(struct user_event *user, char *flags)
330 {
331 	char *flag;
332 
333 	if (flags == NULL)
334 		return;
335 
336 	while ((flag = strsep(&flags, ",")) != NULL) {
337 		if (strcmp(flag, "BPF_ITER") == 0)
338 			user->flags |= FLAG_BPF_ITER;
339 	}
340 }
341 
342 static int user_event_parse_fields(struct user_event *user, char *args)
343 {
344 	char *field;
345 	u32 offset = sizeof(struct trace_entry);
346 	int ret = -EINVAL;
347 
348 	if (args == NULL)
349 		return 0;
350 
351 	while ((field = strsep(&args, ";")) != NULL) {
352 		ret = user_event_parse_field(field, user, &offset);
353 
354 		if (ret)
355 			break;
356 	}
357 
358 	return ret;
359 }
360 
361 static struct trace_event_fields user_event_fields_array[1];
362 
363 static const char *user_field_format(const char *type)
364 {
365 	if (strcmp(type, "s64") == 0)
366 		return "%lld";
367 	if (strcmp(type, "u64") == 0)
368 		return "%llu";
369 	if (strcmp(type, "s32") == 0)
370 		return "%d";
371 	if (strcmp(type, "u32") == 0)
372 		return "%u";
373 	if (strcmp(type, "int") == 0)
374 		return "%d";
375 	if (strcmp(type, "unsigned int") == 0)
376 		return "%u";
377 	if (strcmp(type, "s16") == 0)
378 		return "%d";
379 	if (strcmp(type, "u16") == 0)
380 		return "%u";
381 	if (strcmp(type, "short") == 0)
382 		return "%d";
383 	if (strcmp(type, "unsigned short") == 0)
384 		return "%u";
385 	if (strcmp(type, "s8") == 0)
386 		return "%d";
387 	if (strcmp(type, "u8") == 0)
388 		return "%u";
389 	if (strcmp(type, "char") == 0)
390 		return "%d";
391 	if (strcmp(type, "unsigned char") == 0)
392 		return "%u";
393 	if (strstr(type, "char[") != 0)
394 		return "%s";
395 
396 	/* Unknown, likely struct, allowed treat as 64-bit */
397 	return "%llu";
398 }
399 
400 static bool user_field_is_dyn_string(const char *type, const char **str_func)
401 {
402 	if (str_has_prefix(type, "__data_loc ")) {
403 		*str_func = "__get_str";
404 		goto check;
405 	}
406 
407 	if (str_has_prefix(type, "__rel_loc ")) {
408 		*str_func = "__get_rel_str";
409 		goto check;
410 	}
411 
412 	return false;
413 check:
414 	return strstr(type, "char") != 0;
415 }
416 
417 #define LEN_OR_ZERO (len ? len - pos : 0)
418 static int user_event_set_print_fmt(struct user_event *user, char *buf, int len)
419 {
420 	struct ftrace_event_field *field, *next;
421 	struct list_head *head = &user->fields;
422 	int pos = 0, depth = 0;
423 	const char *str_func;
424 
425 	pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "\"");
426 
427 	list_for_each_entry_safe_reverse(field, next, head, link) {
428 		if (depth != 0)
429 			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, " ");
430 
431 		pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "%s=%s",
432 				field->name, user_field_format(field->type));
433 
434 		depth++;
435 	}
436 
437 	pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO, "\"");
438 
439 	list_for_each_entry_safe_reverse(field, next, head, link) {
440 		if (user_field_is_dyn_string(field->type, &str_func))
441 			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO,
442 					", %s(%s)", str_func, field->name);
443 		else
444 			pos += snprintf(buf + pos, LEN_OR_ZERO,
445 					", REC->%s", field->name);
446 	}
447 
448 	return pos + 1;
449 }
450 #undef LEN_OR_ZERO
451 
452 static int user_event_create_print_fmt(struct user_event *user)
453 {
454 	char *print_fmt;
455 	int len;
456 
457 	len = user_event_set_print_fmt(user, NULL, 0);
458 
459 	print_fmt = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
460 
461 	if (!print_fmt)
462 		return -ENOMEM;
463 
464 	user_event_set_print_fmt(user, print_fmt, len);
465 
466 	user->call.print_fmt = print_fmt;
467 
468 	return 0;
469 }
470 
471 static enum print_line_t user_event_print_trace(struct trace_iterator *iter,
472 						int flags,
473 						struct trace_event *event)
474 {
475 	/* Unsafe to try to decode user provided print_fmt, use hex */
476 	trace_print_hex_dump_seq(&iter->seq, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 16,
477 				 1, iter->ent, iter->ent_size, true);
478 
479 	return trace_handle_return(&iter->seq);
480 }
481 
482 static struct trace_event_functions user_event_funcs = {
483 	.trace = user_event_print_trace,
484 };
485 
486 static int destroy_user_event(struct user_event *user)
487 {
488 	int ret = 0;
489 
490 	/* Must destroy fields before call removal */
491 	user_event_destroy_fields(user);
492 
493 	ret = trace_remove_event_call(&user->call);
494 
495 	if (ret)
496 		return ret;
497 
498 	dyn_event_remove(&user->devent);
499 
500 	register_page_data[user->index] = 0;
501 	clear_bit(user->index, page_bitmap);
502 	hash_del(&user->node);
503 
504 	kfree(user->call.print_fmt);
505 	kfree(EVENT_NAME(user));
506 	kfree(user);
507 
508 	return ret;
509 }
510 
511 static struct user_event *find_user_event(char *name, u32 *outkey)
512 {
513 	struct user_event *user;
514 	u32 key = user_event_key(name);
515 
516 	*outkey = key;
517 
518 	hash_for_each_possible(register_table, user, node, key)
519 		if (!strcmp(EVENT_NAME(user), name))
520 			return user;
521 
522 	return NULL;
523 }
524 
525 /*
526  * Writes the user supplied payload out to a trace file.
527  */
528 static void user_event_ftrace(struct user_event *user, void *data, u32 datalen,
529 			      void *tpdata)
530 {
531 	struct trace_event_file *file;
532 	struct trace_entry *entry;
533 	struct trace_event_buffer event_buffer;
534 
535 	file = (struct trace_event_file *)tpdata;
536 
537 	if (!file ||
538 	    !(file->flags & EVENT_FILE_FL_ENABLED) ||
539 	    trace_trigger_soft_disabled(file))
540 		return;
541 
542 	/* Allocates and fills trace_entry, + 1 of this is data payload */
543 	entry = trace_event_buffer_reserve(&event_buffer, file,
544 					   sizeof(*entry) + datalen);
545 
546 	if (unlikely(!entry))
547 		return;
548 
549 	memcpy(entry + 1, data, datalen);
550 
551 	trace_event_buffer_commit(&event_buffer);
552 }
553 
554 /*
555  * Update the register page that is shared between user processes.
556  */
557 static void update_reg_page_for(struct user_event *user)
558 {
559 	struct tracepoint *tp = &user->tracepoint;
560 	char status = 0;
561 
562 	if (atomic_read(&tp->key.enabled) > 0) {
563 		struct tracepoint_func *probe_func_ptr;
564 		user_event_func_t probe_func;
565 
566 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
567 
568 		probe_func_ptr = rcu_dereference_sched(tp->funcs);
569 
570 		if (probe_func_ptr) {
571 			do {
572 				probe_func = probe_func_ptr->func;
573 
574 				if (probe_func == user_event_ftrace)
575 					status |= EVENT_STATUS_FTRACE;
576 				else
577 					status |= EVENT_STATUS_OTHER;
578 			} while ((++probe_func_ptr)->func);
579 		}
580 
581 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
582 	}
583 
584 	register_page_data[user->index] = status;
585 }
586 
587 /*
588  * Register callback for our events from tracing sub-systems.
589  */
590 static int user_event_reg(struct trace_event_call *call,
591 			  enum trace_reg type,
592 			  void *data)
593 {
594 	struct user_event *user = (struct user_event *)call->data;
595 	int ret = 0;
596 
597 	if (!user)
598 		return -ENOENT;
599 
600 	switch (type) {
601 	case TRACE_REG_REGISTER:
602 		ret = tracepoint_probe_register(call->tp,
603 						call->class->probe,
604 						data);
605 		if (!ret)
606 			goto inc;
607 		break;
608 
609 	case TRACE_REG_UNREGISTER:
610 		tracepoint_probe_unregister(call->tp,
611 					    call->class->probe,
612 					    data);
613 		goto dec;
614 
615 	default:
616 		break;
617 	}
618 
619 	return ret;
620 inc:
621 	atomic_inc(&user->refcnt);
622 	update_reg_page_for(user);
623 	return 0;
624 dec:
625 	update_reg_page_for(user);
626 	atomic_dec(&user->refcnt);
627 	return 0;
628 }
629 
630 static int user_event_create(const char *raw_command)
631 {
632 	struct user_event *user;
633 	char *name;
634 	int ret;
635 
636 	if (!str_has_prefix(raw_command, USER_EVENTS_PREFIX))
637 		return -ECANCELED;
638 
639 	raw_command += USER_EVENTS_PREFIX_LEN;
640 	raw_command = skip_spaces(raw_command);
641 
642 	name = kstrdup(raw_command, GFP_KERNEL);
643 
644 	if (!name)
645 		return -ENOMEM;
646 
647 	mutex_lock(&reg_mutex);
648 	ret = user_event_parse_cmd(name, &user);
649 	mutex_unlock(&reg_mutex);
650 
651 	if (ret)
652 		kfree(name);
653 
654 	return ret;
655 }
656 
657 static int user_event_show(struct seq_file *m, struct dyn_event *ev)
658 {
659 	struct user_event *user = container_of(ev, struct user_event, devent);
660 	struct ftrace_event_field *field, *next;
661 	struct list_head *head;
662 	int depth = 0;
663 
664 	seq_printf(m, "%s%s", USER_EVENTS_PREFIX, EVENT_NAME(user));
665 
666 	head = trace_get_fields(&user->call);
667 
668 	list_for_each_entry_safe_reverse(field, next, head, link) {
669 		if (depth == 0)
670 			seq_puts(m, " ");
671 		else
672 			seq_puts(m, "; ");
673 
674 		seq_printf(m, "%s %s", field->type, field->name);
675 
676 		if (str_has_prefix(field->type, "struct "))
677 			seq_printf(m, " %d", field->size);
678 
679 		depth++;
680 	}
681 
682 	seq_puts(m, "\n");
683 
684 	return 0;
685 }
686 
687 static bool user_event_is_busy(struct dyn_event *ev)
688 {
689 	struct user_event *user = container_of(ev, struct user_event, devent);
690 
691 	return atomic_read(&user->refcnt) != 0;
692 }
693 
694 static int user_event_free(struct dyn_event *ev)
695 {
696 	struct user_event *user = container_of(ev, struct user_event, devent);
697 
698 	if (atomic_read(&user->refcnt) != 0)
699 		return -EBUSY;
700 
701 	return destroy_user_event(user);
702 }
703 
704 static bool user_field_match(struct ftrace_event_field *field, int argc,
705 			     const char **argv, int *iout)
706 {
707 	char *field_name, *arg_name;
708 	int len, pos, i = *iout;
709 	bool colon = false, match = false;
710 
711 	if (i >= argc)
712 		return false;
713 
714 	len = MAX_FIELD_ARG_NAME;
715 	field_name = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
716 	arg_name = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
717 
718 	if (!arg_name || !field_name)
719 		goto out;
720 
721 	pos = 0;
722 
723 	for (; i < argc; ++i) {
724 		if (i != *iout)
725 			pos += snprintf(arg_name + pos, len - pos, " ");
726 
727 		pos += snprintf(arg_name + pos, len - pos, argv[i]);
728 
729 		if (strchr(argv[i], ';')) {
730 			++i;
731 			colon = true;
732 			break;
733 		}
734 	}
735 
736 	pos = 0;
737 
738 	pos += snprintf(field_name + pos, len - pos, field->type);
739 	pos += snprintf(field_name + pos, len - pos, " ");
740 	pos += snprintf(field_name + pos, len - pos, field->name);
741 
742 	if (colon)
743 		pos += snprintf(field_name + pos, len - pos, ";");
744 
745 	*iout = i;
746 
747 	match = strcmp(arg_name, field_name) == 0;
748 out:
749 	kfree(arg_name);
750 	kfree(field_name);
751 
752 	return match;
753 }
754 
755 static bool user_fields_match(struct user_event *user, int argc,
756 			      const char **argv)
757 {
758 	struct ftrace_event_field *field, *next;
759 	struct list_head *head = &user->fields;
760 	int i = 0;
761 
762 	list_for_each_entry_safe_reverse(field, next, head, link)
763 		if (!user_field_match(field, argc, argv, &i))
764 			return false;
765 
766 	if (i != argc)
767 		return false;
768 
769 	return true;
770 }
771 
772 static bool user_event_match(const char *system, const char *event,
773 			     int argc, const char **argv, struct dyn_event *ev)
774 {
775 	struct user_event *user = container_of(ev, struct user_event, devent);
776 	bool match;
777 
778 	match = strcmp(EVENT_NAME(user), event) == 0 &&
779 		(!system || strcmp(system, USER_EVENTS_SYSTEM) == 0);
780 
781 	if (match && argc > 0)
782 		match = user_fields_match(user, argc, argv);
783 
784 	return match;
785 }
786 
787 static struct dyn_event_operations user_event_dops = {
788 	.create = user_event_create,
789 	.show = user_event_show,
790 	.is_busy = user_event_is_busy,
791 	.free = user_event_free,
792 	.match = user_event_match,
793 };
794 
795 static int user_event_trace_register(struct user_event *user)
796 {
797 	int ret;
798 
799 	ret = register_trace_event(&user->call.event);
800 
801 	if (!ret)
802 		return -ENODEV;
803 
804 	ret = trace_add_event_call(&user->call);
805 
806 	if (ret)
807 		unregister_trace_event(&user->call.event);
808 
809 	return ret;
810 }
811 
812 /*
813  * Parses the event name, arguments and flags then registers if successful.
814  * The name buffer lifetime is owned by this method for success cases only.
815  */
816 static int user_event_parse(char *name, char *args, char *flags,
817 			    struct user_event **newuser)
818 {
819 	int ret;
820 	int index;
821 	u32 key;
822 	struct user_event *user = find_user_event(name, &key);
823 
824 	if (user) {
825 		*newuser = user;
826 		/*
827 		 * Name is allocated by caller, free it since it already exists.
828 		 * Caller only worries about failure cases for freeing.
829 		 */
830 		kfree(name);
831 		return 0;
832 	}
833 
834 	index = find_first_zero_bit(page_bitmap, MAX_EVENTS);
835 
836 	if (index == MAX_EVENTS)
837 		return -EMFILE;
838 
839 	user = kzalloc(sizeof(*user), GFP_KERNEL);
840 
841 	if (!user)
842 		return -ENOMEM;
843 
844 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&user->class.fields);
845 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&user->fields);
846 
847 	user->tracepoint.name = name;
848 
849 	user_event_parse_flags(user, flags);
850 
851 	ret = user_event_parse_fields(user, args);
852 
853 	if (ret)
854 		goto put_user;
855 
856 	ret = user_event_create_print_fmt(user);
857 
858 	if (ret)
859 		goto put_user;
860 
861 	user->call.data = user;
862 	user->call.class = &user->class;
863 	user->call.name = name;
864 	user->call.flags = TRACE_EVENT_FL_TRACEPOINT;
865 	user->call.tp = &user->tracepoint;
866 	user->call.event.funcs = &user_event_funcs;
867 
868 	user->class.system = USER_EVENTS_SYSTEM;
869 	user->class.fields_array = user_event_fields_array;
870 	user->class.get_fields = user_event_get_fields;
871 	user->class.reg = user_event_reg;
872 	user->class.probe = user_event_ftrace;
873 
874 	mutex_lock(&event_mutex);
875 	ret = user_event_trace_register(user);
876 	mutex_unlock(&event_mutex);
877 
878 	if (ret)
879 		goto put_user;
880 
881 	user->index = index;
882 	dyn_event_init(&user->devent, &user_event_dops);
883 	dyn_event_add(&user->devent, &user->call);
884 	set_bit(user->index, page_bitmap);
885 	hash_add(register_table, &user->node, key);
886 
887 	*newuser = user;
888 	return 0;
889 put_user:
890 	user_event_destroy_fields(user);
891 	kfree(user);
892 	return ret;
893 }
894 
895 /*
896  * Deletes a previously created event if it is no longer being used.
897  */
898 static int delete_user_event(char *name)
899 {
900 	u32 key;
901 	int ret;
902 	struct user_event *user = find_user_event(name, &key);
903 
904 	if (!user)
905 		return -ENOENT;
906 
907 	if (atomic_read(&user->refcnt) != 0)
908 		return -EBUSY;
909 
910 	mutex_lock(&event_mutex);
911 	ret = destroy_user_event(user);
912 	mutex_unlock(&event_mutex);
913 
914 	return ret;
915 }
916 
917 /*
918  * Validates the user payload and writes via iterator.
919  */
920 static ssize_t user_events_write_core(struct file *file, struct iov_iter *i)
921 {
922 	struct user_event_refs *refs;
923 	struct user_event *user = NULL;
924 	struct tracepoint *tp;
925 	ssize_t ret = i->count;
926 	int idx;
927 
928 	if (unlikely(copy_from_iter(&idx, sizeof(idx), i) != sizeof(idx)))
929 		return -EFAULT;
930 
931 	rcu_read_lock_sched();
932 
933 	refs = rcu_dereference_sched(file->private_data);
934 
935 	/*
936 	 * The refs->events array is protected by RCU, and new items may be
937 	 * added. But the user retrieved from indexing into the events array
938 	 * shall be immutable while the file is opened.
939 	 */
940 	if (likely(refs && idx < refs->count))
941 		user = refs->events[idx];
942 
943 	rcu_read_unlock_sched();
944 
945 	if (unlikely(user == NULL))
946 		return -ENOENT;
947 
948 	tp = &user->tracepoint;
949 
950 	/*
951 	 * It's possible key.enabled disables after this check, however
952 	 * we don't mind if a few events are included in this condition.
953 	 */
954 	if (likely(atomic_read(&tp->key.enabled) > 0)) {
955 		struct tracepoint_func *probe_func_ptr;
956 		user_event_func_t probe_func;
957 		void *tpdata;
958 		void *kdata;
959 		u32 datalen;
960 
961 		kdata = kmalloc(i->count, GFP_KERNEL);
962 
963 		if (unlikely(!kdata))
964 			return -ENOMEM;
965 
966 		datalen = copy_from_iter(kdata, i->count, i);
967 
968 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
969 
970 		probe_func_ptr = rcu_dereference_sched(tp->funcs);
971 
972 		if (probe_func_ptr) {
973 			do {
974 				probe_func = probe_func_ptr->func;
975 				tpdata = probe_func_ptr->data;
976 				probe_func(user, kdata, datalen, tpdata);
977 			} while ((++probe_func_ptr)->func);
978 		}
979 
980 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
981 
982 		kfree(kdata);
983 	}
984 
985 	return ret;
986 }
987 
988 static ssize_t user_events_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf,
989 				 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
990 {
991 	struct iovec iov;
992 	struct iov_iter i;
993 
994 	if (unlikely(*ppos != 0))
995 		return -EFAULT;
996 
997 	if (unlikely(import_single_range(READ, (char *)ubuf, count, &iov, &i)))
998 		return -EFAULT;
999 
1000 	return user_events_write_core(file, &i);
1001 }
1002 
1003 static ssize_t user_events_write_iter(struct kiocb *kp, struct iov_iter *i)
1004 {
1005 	return user_events_write_core(kp->ki_filp, i);
1006 }
1007 
1008 static int user_events_ref_add(struct file *file, struct user_event *user)
1009 {
1010 	struct user_event_refs *refs, *new_refs;
1011 	int i, size, count = 0;
1012 
1013 	refs = rcu_dereference_protected(file->private_data,
1014 					 lockdep_is_held(&reg_mutex));
1015 
1016 	if (refs) {
1017 		count = refs->count;
1018 
1019 		for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
1020 			if (refs->events[i] == user)
1021 				return i;
1022 	}
1023 
1024 	size = struct_size(refs, events, count + 1);
1025 
1026 	new_refs = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
1027 
1028 	if (!new_refs)
1029 		return -ENOMEM;
1030 
1031 	new_refs->count = count + 1;
1032 
1033 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
1034 		new_refs->events[i] = refs->events[i];
1035 
1036 	new_refs->events[i] = user;
1037 
1038 	atomic_inc(&user->refcnt);
1039 
1040 	rcu_assign_pointer(file->private_data, new_refs);
1041 
1042 	if (refs)
1043 		kfree_rcu(refs, rcu);
1044 
1045 	return i;
1046 }
1047 
1048 static long user_reg_get(struct user_reg __user *ureg, struct user_reg *kreg)
1049 {
1050 	u32 size;
1051 	long ret;
1052 
1053 	ret = get_user(size, &ureg->size);
1054 
1055 	if (ret)
1056 		return ret;
1057 
1058 	if (size > PAGE_SIZE)
1059 		return -E2BIG;
1060 
1061 	return copy_struct_from_user(kreg, sizeof(*kreg), ureg, size);
1062 }
1063 
1064 /*
1065  * Registers a user_event on behalf of a user process.
1066  */
1067 static long user_events_ioctl_reg(struct file *file, unsigned long uarg)
1068 {
1069 	struct user_reg __user *ureg = (struct user_reg __user *)uarg;
1070 	struct user_reg reg;
1071 	struct user_event *user;
1072 	char *name;
1073 	long ret;
1074 
1075 	ret = user_reg_get(ureg, &reg);
1076 
1077 	if (ret)
1078 		return ret;
1079 
1080 	name = strndup_user((const char __user *)(uintptr_t)reg.name_args,
1081 			    MAX_EVENT_DESC);
1082 
1083 	if (IS_ERR(name)) {
1084 		ret = PTR_ERR(name);
1085 		return ret;
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	ret = user_event_parse_cmd(name, &user);
1089 
1090 	if (ret) {
1091 		kfree(name);
1092 		return ret;
1093 	}
1094 
1095 	ret = user_events_ref_add(file, user);
1096 
1097 	/* Positive number is index and valid */
1098 	if (ret < 0)
1099 		return ret;
1100 
1101 	put_user((u32)ret, &ureg->write_index);
1102 	put_user(user->index, &ureg->status_index);
1103 
1104 	return 0;
1105 }
1106 
1107 /*
1108  * Deletes a user_event on behalf of a user process.
1109  */
1110 static long user_events_ioctl_del(struct file *file, unsigned long uarg)
1111 {
1112 	void __user *ubuf = (void __user *)uarg;
1113 	char *name;
1114 	long ret;
1115 
1116 	name = strndup_user(ubuf, MAX_EVENT_DESC);
1117 
1118 	if (IS_ERR(name))
1119 		return PTR_ERR(name);
1120 
1121 	ret = delete_user_event(name);
1122 
1123 	kfree(name);
1124 
1125 	return ret;
1126 }
1127 
1128 /*
1129  * Handles the ioctl from user mode to register or alter operations.
1130  */
1131 static long user_events_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
1132 			      unsigned long uarg)
1133 {
1134 	long ret = -ENOTTY;
1135 
1136 	switch (cmd) {
1137 	case DIAG_IOCSREG:
1138 		mutex_lock(&reg_mutex);
1139 		ret = user_events_ioctl_reg(file, uarg);
1140 		mutex_unlock(&reg_mutex);
1141 		break;
1142 
1143 	case DIAG_IOCSDEL:
1144 		mutex_lock(&reg_mutex);
1145 		ret = user_events_ioctl_del(file, uarg);
1146 		mutex_unlock(&reg_mutex);
1147 		break;
1148 	}
1149 
1150 	return ret;
1151 }
1152 
1153 /*
1154  * Handles the final close of the file from user mode.
1155  */
1156 static int user_events_release(struct inode *node, struct file *file)
1157 {
1158 	struct user_event_refs *refs;
1159 	struct user_event *user;
1160 	int i;
1161 
1162 	/*
1163 	 * Ensure refs cannot change under any situation by taking the
1164 	 * register mutex during the final freeing of the references.
1165 	 */
1166 	mutex_lock(&reg_mutex);
1167 
1168 	refs = file->private_data;
1169 
1170 	if (!refs)
1171 		goto out;
1172 
1173 	/*
1174 	 * The lifetime of refs has reached an end, it's tied to this file.
1175 	 * The underlying user_events are ref counted, and cannot be freed.
1176 	 * After this decrement, the user_events may be freed elsewhere.
1177 	 */
1178 	for (i = 0; i < refs->count; ++i) {
1179 		user = refs->events[i];
1180 
1181 		if (user)
1182 			atomic_dec(&user->refcnt);
1183 	}
1184 out:
1185 	file->private_data = NULL;
1186 
1187 	mutex_unlock(&reg_mutex);
1188 
1189 	kfree(refs);
1190 
1191 	return 0;
1192 }
1193 
1194 static const struct file_operations user_data_fops = {
1195 	.write = user_events_write,
1196 	.write_iter = user_events_write_iter,
1197 	.unlocked_ioctl	= user_events_ioctl,
1198 	.release = user_events_release,
1199 };
1200 
1201 /*
1202  * Maps the shared page into the user process for checking if event is enabled.
1203  */
1204 static int user_status_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1205 {
1206 	unsigned long size = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
1207 
1208 	if (size != MAX_EVENTS)
1209 		return -EINVAL;
1210 
1211 	return remap_pfn_range(vma, vma->vm_start,
1212 			       virt_to_phys(register_page_data) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
1213 			       size, vm_get_page_prot(VM_READ));
1214 }
1215 
1216 static void *user_seq_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
1217 {
1218 	if (*pos)
1219 		return NULL;
1220 
1221 	return (void *)1;
1222 }
1223 
1224 static void *user_seq_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
1225 {
1226 	++*pos;
1227 	return NULL;
1228 }
1229 
1230 static void user_seq_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
1231 {
1232 }
1233 
1234 static int user_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
1235 {
1236 	struct user_event *user;
1237 	char status;
1238 	int i, active = 0, busy = 0, flags;
1239 
1240 	mutex_lock(&reg_mutex);
1241 
1242 	hash_for_each(register_table, i, user, node) {
1243 		status = register_page_data[user->index];
1244 		flags = user->flags;
1245 
1246 		seq_printf(m, "%d:%s", user->index, EVENT_NAME(user));
1247 
1248 		if (flags != 0 || status != 0)
1249 			seq_puts(m, " #");
1250 
1251 		if (status != 0) {
1252 			seq_puts(m, " Used by");
1253 			if (status & EVENT_STATUS_FTRACE)
1254 				seq_puts(m, " ftrace");
1255 			if (status & EVENT_STATUS_PERF)
1256 				seq_puts(m, " perf");
1257 			if (status & EVENT_STATUS_OTHER)
1258 				seq_puts(m, " other");
1259 			busy++;
1260 		}
1261 
1262 		if (flags & FLAG_BPF_ITER)
1263 			seq_puts(m, " FLAG:BPF_ITER");
1264 
1265 		seq_puts(m, "\n");
1266 		active++;
1267 	}
1268 
1269 	mutex_unlock(&reg_mutex);
1270 
1271 	seq_puts(m, "\n");
1272 	seq_printf(m, "Active: %d\n", active);
1273 	seq_printf(m, "Busy: %d\n", busy);
1274 	seq_printf(m, "Max: %ld\n", MAX_EVENTS);
1275 
1276 	return 0;
1277 }
1278 
1279 static const struct seq_operations user_seq_ops = {
1280 	.start = user_seq_start,
1281 	.next  = user_seq_next,
1282 	.stop  = user_seq_stop,
1283 	.show  = user_seq_show,
1284 };
1285 
1286 static int user_status_open(struct inode *node, struct file *file)
1287 {
1288 	return seq_open(file, &user_seq_ops);
1289 }
1290 
1291 static const struct file_operations user_status_fops = {
1292 	.open = user_status_open,
1293 	.mmap = user_status_mmap,
1294 	.read = seq_read,
1295 	.llseek  = seq_lseek,
1296 	.release = seq_release,
1297 };
1298 
1299 /*
1300  * Creates a set of tracefs files to allow user mode interactions.
1301  */
1302 static int create_user_tracefs(void)
1303 {
1304 	struct dentry *edata, *emmap;
1305 
1306 	edata = tracefs_create_file("user_events_data", TRACE_MODE_WRITE,
1307 				    NULL, NULL, &user_data_fops);
1308 
1309 	if (!edata) {
1310 		pr_warn("Could not create tracefs 'user_events_data' entry\n");
1311 		goto err;
1312 	}
1313 
1314 	/* mmap with MAP_SHARED requires writable fd */
1315 	emmap = tracefs_create_file("user_events_status", TRACE_MODE_WRITE,
1316 				    NULL, NULL, &user_status_fops);
1317 
1318 	if (!emmap) {
1319 		tracefs_remove(edata);
1320 		pr_warn("Could not create tracefs 'user_events_mmap' entry\n");
1321 		goto err;
1322 	}
1323 
1324 	return 0;
1325 err:
1326 	return -ENODEV;
1327 }
1328 
1329 static void set_page_reservations(bool set)
1330 {
1331 	int page;
1332 
1333 	for (page = 0; page < MAX_PAGES; ++page) {
1334 		void *addr = register_page_data + (PAGE_SIZE * page);
1335 
1336 		if (set)
1337 			SetPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
1338 		else
1339 			ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
1340 	}
1341 }
1342 
1343 static int __init trace_events_user_init(void)
1344 {
1345 	int ret;
1346 
1347 	/* Zero all bits beside 0 (which is reserved for failures) */
1348 	bitmap_zero(page_bitmap, MAX_EVENTS);
1349 	set_bit(0, page_bitmap);
1350 
1351 	register_page_data = kzalloc(MAX_EVENTS, GFP_KERNEL);
1352 
1353 	if (!register_page_data)
1354 		return -ENOMEM;
1355 
1356 	set_page_reservations(true);
1357 
1358 	ret = create_user_tracefs();
1359 
1360 	if (ret) {
1361 		pr_warn("user_events could not register with tracefs\n");
1362 		set_page_reservations(false);
1363 		kfree(register_page_data);
1364 		return ret;
1365 	}
1366 
1367 	if (dyn_event_register(&user_event_dops))
1368 		pr_warn("user_events could not register with dyn_events\n");
1369 
1370 	return 0;
1371 }
1372 
1373 fs_initcall(trace_events_user_init);
1374