xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision 1afb95fee0342b8d9e05b0433e8e44a6dfd7c4a3)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
26 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
27 #include <linux/atomic.h>
28 #include <linux/bitops.h>
29 #include <linux/completion.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/percpu.h>
32 #include <linux/notifier.h>
33 #include <linux/reboot.h>
34 #include <linux/freezer.h>
35 #include <linux/cpu.h>
36 #include <linux/delay.h>
37 #include <linux/stat.h>
38 #include <linux/srcu.h>
39 #include <linux/slab.h>
40 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
41 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
42 #include <linux/torture.h>
43 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
44 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
46 #include <linux/oom.h>
47 #include <linux/tick.h>
48 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
49 
50 #include "rcu.h"
51 
52 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
53 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
54 
55 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
56 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
57 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK	 ((1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) - 1)
58 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 6	/* Number of bits defined above. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
66 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
67 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
69 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
71 
72 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
73 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
74 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
75 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
76 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
77 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
78 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress, 1, "Test grace-period forward progress");
79 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
80 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60,
81 	      "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
82 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1,
83 	      "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
84 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
85 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
86 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
87 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(bool, gp_poll, false, "Use polling GP wait primitives");
89 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
90 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
91 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
92 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
93 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
94 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
95 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
96 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
97 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
98 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
99 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
100 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
101 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13,
102 	      "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
103 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16,
104 	      "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
105 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
106 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
107 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
108 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
109 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
110 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
111 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
112 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0,
113 	      "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
114 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
115 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
116 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
117 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
118 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
119 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
120 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
121 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
122 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
123 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
124 torture_param(int, verbose, 1,
125 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
126 
127 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
128 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
129 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
130 
131 static int nrealreaders;
132 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
133 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
134 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
135 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
136 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
137 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
138 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
139 static struct task_struct *fwd_prog_task;
140 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
141 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
142 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
143 
144 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
145 
146 // Mailbox-like structure to check RCU global memory ordering.
147 struct rcu_torture_reader_check {
148 	unsigned long rtc_myloops;
149 	int rtc_chkrdr;
150 	unsigned long rtc_chkloops;
151 	int rtc_ready;
152 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtc_assigner;
153 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
154 
155 // Update-side data structure used to check RCU readers.
156 struct rcu_torture {
157 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
158 	int rtort_pipe_count;
159 	struct list_head rtort_free;
160 	int rtort_mbtest;
161 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtort_chkp;
162 };
163 
164 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
165 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
166 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
167 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
168 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
169 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
170 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
171 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
172 static struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rcu_torture_reader_mbchk;
173 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
174 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
175 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
176 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
177 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail;
178 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries;
179 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
180 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
181 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
182 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
183 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
184 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
185 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
186 static long n_barrier_attempts;
187 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
188 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
189 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
190 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
191 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
192 
193 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
194 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
195 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
196 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
197 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
198 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
199 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
200 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
201 #define RTWS_POLL_GET		7
202 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT		8
203 #define RTWS_SYNC		9
204 #define RTWS_STUTTER		10
205 #define RTWS_STOPPING		11
206 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
207 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
208 	"RTWS_DELAY",
209 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
210 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
211 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
212 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
213 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
214 	"RTWS_POLL_GET",
215 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT",
216 	"RTWS_SYNC",
217 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
218 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
219 };
220 
221 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
222 struct rt_read_seg {
223 	int rt_readstate;
224 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
225 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
226 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
227 	bool rt_preempted;
228 };
229 static int err_segs_recorded;
230 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
231 static int rt_read_nsegs;
232 
233 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
234 {
235 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
236 
237 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
238 		return "???";
239 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
240 }
241 
242 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
243 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
244 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
245 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
246 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
247 
248 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
249 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
250 {
251 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
252 
253 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
254 	return ts;
255 }
256 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
257 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
258 {
259 	return 0ULL;
260 }
261 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
262 
263 /*
264  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
265  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
266  */
267 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
268 {
269 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
270 }
271 
272 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
273 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
274 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
275 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
276 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
277 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
278 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
279 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
280 
281 static bool rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;		/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
282 
283 /*
284  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
285  */
286 static struct rcu_torture *
287 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
288 {
289 	struct list_head *p;
290 
291 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
292 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
293 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
294 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
295 		return NULL;
296 	}
297 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
298 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
299 	list_del_init(p);
300 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
301 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
302 }
303 
304 /*
305  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
306  */
307 static void
308 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
309 {
310 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
311 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
312 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
313 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
314 }
315 
316 /*
317  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
318  */
319 
320 struct rcu_torture_ops {
321 	int ttype;
322 	void (*init)(void);
323 	void (*cleanup)(void);
324 	int (*readlock)(void);
325 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
326 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
327 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
328 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
329 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
330 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
331 	void (*sync)(void);
332 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
333 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state)(void);
334 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll)(void);
335 	bool (*poll_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate);
336 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
337 	call_rcu_func_t call;
338 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
339 	void (*fqs)(void);
340 	void (*stats)(void);
341 	void (*gp_kthread_dbg)(void);
342 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
343 	int irq_capable;
344 	int can_boost;
345 	int extendables;
346 	int slow_gps;
347 	const char *name;
348 };
349 
350 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
351 
352 /*
353  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
354  */
355 
356 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
357 {
358 	rcu_read_lock();
359 	return 0;
360 }
361 
362 static void
363 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
364 {
365 	unsigned long started;
366 	unsigned long completed;
367 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
368 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
369 	unsigned long long ts;
370 
371 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
372 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
373 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
374 
375 	if (!READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
376 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
377 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
378 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
379 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
380 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
381 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
382 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
383 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
384 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
385 					  started, completed);
386 	}
387 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
388 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
389 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
390 	}
391 	if (!preempt_count() &&
392 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
393 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
394 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
395 	}
396 }
397 
398 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
399 {
400 	rcu_read_unlock();
401 }
402 
403 /*
404  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
405  */
406 static bool
407 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
408 {
409 	int i;
410 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp);
411 
412 	if (rtrcp) {
413 		WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp, NULL);
414 		smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_ready, 1); // Pair with smp_load_acquire().
415 	}
416 	i = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
417 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
418 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
419 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
420 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
421 	if (rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
422 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
423 		return true;
424 	}
425 	return false;
426 }
427 
428 /*
429  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
430  * primitives.
431  */
432 static void
433 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
434 {
435 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
436 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
437 
438 	if (old_rp)
439 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
440 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
441 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
442 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
443 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
444 		}
445 	}
446 }
447 
448 static void
449 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
450 {
451 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
452 
453 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
454 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
455 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
456 		return;
457 	}
458 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
459 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
460 	else
461 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
462 }
463 
464 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
465 {
466 	return 0;
467 }
468 
469 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
470 {
471 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
472 }
473 
474 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
475 {
476 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
477 }
478 
479 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
480 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
481 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
482 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
483 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
484 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
485 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_get_gp_seq,
486 	.gp_diff	= rcu_seq_diff,
487 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
488 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
489 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
490 	.get_gp_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
491 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
492 	.call		= call_rcu,
493 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
494 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
495 	.stats		= NULL,
496 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_gp_kthreads,
497 	.stall_dur	= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
498 	.irq_capable	= 1,
499 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
500 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
501 	.name		= "rcu"
502 };
503 
504 /*
505  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
506  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
507  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
508  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
509  * buggy-RCU error messages.
510  */
511 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
512 {
513 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
514 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
515 }
516 
517 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
518 {
519 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
520 }
521 
522 static void
523 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
524 {
525 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
526 	func(head);
527 }
528 
529 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
530 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
531 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
532 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
533 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
534 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
535 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
536 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
537 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
538 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
539 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
540 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
541 	.fqs		= NULL,
542 	.stats		= NULL,
543 	.irq_capable	= 1,
544 	.name		= "busted"
545 };
546 
547 /*
548  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
549  */
550 
551 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
552 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
553 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
554 
555 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(srcu_ctlp)
556 {
557 	return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
558 }
559 
560 static void
561 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
562 {
563 	long delay;
564 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
565 	const long longdelay = 10;
566 
567 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
568 
569 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
570 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
571 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
572 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
573 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
574 	} else {
575 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
576 	}
577 }
578 
579 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(srcu_ctlp)
580 {
581 	srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
582 }
583 
584 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
585 {
586 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
587 }
588 
589 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
590 {
591 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
592 }
593 
594 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
595 {
596 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
597 }
598 
599 static unsigned long srcu_torture_get_gp_state(void)
600 {
601 	return get_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
602 }
603 
604 static unsigned long srcu_torture_start_gp_poll(void)
605 {
606 	return start_poll_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
607 }
608 
609 static bool srcu_torture_poll_gp_state(unsigned long oldstate)
610 {
611 	return poll_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp, oldstate);
612 }
613 
614 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
615 			      rcu_callback_t func)
616 {
617 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
618 }
619 
620 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
621 {
622 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
623 }
624 
625 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
626 {
627 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
628 }
629 
630 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
631 {
632 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
633 }
634 
635 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
636 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
637 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
638 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
639 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
640 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
641 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
642 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
643 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
644 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
645 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
646 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
647 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
648 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
649 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
650 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
651 	.irq_capable	= 1,
652 	.name		= "srcu"
653 };
654 
655 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
656 {
657 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
658 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
659 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
660 }
661 
662 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
663 {
664 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
665 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
666 }
667 
668 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
669 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
670 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
671 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
672 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
673 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
674 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
675 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
676 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
677 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
678 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
679 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
680 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
681 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
682 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
683 	.irq_capable	= 1,
684 	.name		= "srcud"
685 };
686 
687 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
688 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
689 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
690 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
691 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
692 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
693 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
694 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
695 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
696 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
697 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
698 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
699 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
700 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
701 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
702 	.irq_capable	= 1,
703 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
704 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
705 };
706 
707 /*
708  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
709  */
710 
711 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
712 {
713 	return 0;
714 }
715 
716 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
717 {
718 }
719 
720 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
721 {
722 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
723 }
724 
725 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
726 {
727 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu);
728 }
729 
730 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
731 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
732 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
733 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
734 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
735 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
736 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
737 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
738 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
739 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
740 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
741 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
742 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_classic_gp_kthread,
743 	.fqs		= NULL,
744 	.stats		= NULL,
745 	.irq_capable	= 1,
746 	.slow_gps	= 1,
747 	.name		= "tasks"
748 };
749 
750 /*
751  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
752  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
753  */
754 
755 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
756 {
757 	int cpu;
758 
759 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
760 		rcutorture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
761 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
762 	}
763 }
764 
765 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void) __acquires(RCU)
766 {
767 	preempt_disable();
768 	return 0;
769 }
770 
771 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx) __releases(RCU)
772 {
773 	preempt_enable();
774 }
775 
776 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
777 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
778 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
779 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
780 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
781 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
782 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
783 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
784 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
785 	.fqs		= NULL,
786 	.stats		= NULL,
787 	.irq_capable	= 1,
788 	.name		= "trivial"
789 };
790 
791 /*
792  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
793  */
794 
795 static void rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
796 {
797 	call_rcu_tasks_rude(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
798 }
799 
800 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
801 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
802 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
803 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
804 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
805 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
806 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
807 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free,
808 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
809 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
810 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_rude,
811 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_rude,
812 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_rude_gp_kthread,
813 	.fqs		= NULL,
814 	.stats		= NULL,
815 	.irq_capable	= 1,
816 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
817 };
818 
819 /*
820  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
821  */
822 
823 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
824 {
825 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
826 	return 0;
827 }
828 
829 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
830 {
831 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
832 }
833 
834 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
835 {
836 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
837 }
838 
839 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
840 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
841 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
842 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
843 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
844 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
845 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
846 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
847 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
848 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
849 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
850 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
851 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread,
852 	.fqs		= NULL,
853 	.stats		= NULL,
854 	.irq_capable	= 1,
855 	.slow_gps	= 1,
856 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
857 };
858 
859 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
860 {
861 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
862 		return new - old;
863 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
864 }
865 
866 static bool __maybe_unused torturing_tasks(void)
867 {
868 	return cur_ops == &tasks_ops || cur_ops == &tasks_rude_ops;
869 }
870 
871 /*
872  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
873  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
874  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
875  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
876  */
877 
878 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
879 	struct rcu_head rcu;
880 	int inflight;
881 };
882 
883 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
884 {
885 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
886 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
887 
888 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
889 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
890 }
891 
892 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
893 
894 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
895 {
896 	/*
897 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
898 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
899 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
900 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
901 	 */
902 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
903 		return;
904 
905 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
906 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
907 }
908 
909 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
910 {
911 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
912 		return;
913 
914 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
915 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
916 }
917 
918 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
919 {
920 	if (end - start > test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
921 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
922 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
923 
924 		return true; /* failed */
925 	}
926 
927 	return false; /* passed */
928 }
929 
930 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
931 {
932 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
933 	unsigned long endtime;
934 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
935 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
936 
937 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
938 
939 	/* Set real-time priority. */
940 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
941 
942 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
943 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
944 	do {
945 		/* Track if the test failed already in this test interval? */
946 		bool failed = false;
947 
948 		/* Increment n_rcu_torture_boosts once per boost-test */
949 		while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
950 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
951 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
952 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
953 				break;
954 			}
955 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
956 		}
957 		if (kthread_should_stop())
958 			goto checkwait;
959 
960 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
961 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
962 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
963 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
964 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
965 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
966 			if (torture_must_stop())
967 				goto checkwait;
968 		}
969 
970 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
971 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
972 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
973 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
974 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
975 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
976 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
977 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
978 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
979 				/* Check if the boost test failed */
980 				failed = failed ||
981 					 rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time,
982 								 jiffies);
983 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
984 			}
985 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
986 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
987 			if (torture_must_stop())
988 				goto checkwait;
989 		}
990 
991 		/*
992 		 * If boost never happened, then inflight will always be 1, in
993 		 * this case the boost check would never happen in the above
994 		 * loop so do another one here.
995 		 */
996 		if (!failed && smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight))
997 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(call_rcu_time, jiffies);
998 
999 		/*
1000 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
1001 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
1002 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
1003 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
1004 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
1005 		 */
1006 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
1007 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1008 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
1009 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
1010 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
1011 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1012 				break;
1013 			}
1014 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
1015 		}
1016 
1017 		/* Go do the stutter. */
1018 checkwait:	if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1019 			sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1020 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1021 
1022 	/* Clean up and exit. */
1023 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
1024 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
1025 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
1026 	}
1027 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
1028 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
1029 	return 0;
1030 }
1031 
1032 /*
1033  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
1034  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
1035  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
1036  */
1037 static int
1038 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
1039 {
1040 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
1041 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
1042 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1043 
1044 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
1045 	do {
1046 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
1047 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
1048 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1049 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
1050 		}
1051 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
1052 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1053 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1054 			cur_ops->fqs();
1055 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1056 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1057 		}
1058 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs"))
1059 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1060 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1061 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1062 	return 0;
1063 }
1064 
1065 // Used by writers to randomly choose from the available grace-period
1066 // primitives.  The only purpose of the initialization is to size the array.
1067 static int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC, RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_POLL_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
1068 static int nsynctypes;
1069 
1070 /*
1071  * Determine which grace-period primitives are available.
1072  */
1073 static void rcu_torture_write_types(void)
1074 {
1075 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
1076 	bool gp_poll1 = gp_poll, gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1077 
1078 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1079 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_poll1 && !gp_sync1)
1080 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_poll1 = gp_sync1 = true;
1081 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1082 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1083 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1084 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1085 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1086 	}
1087 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1088 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1089 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1090 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1091 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1092 	}
1093 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1094 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1095 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1096 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1097 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1098 	}
1099 	if (gp_poll1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1100 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1101 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling GPs.\n", __func__);
1102 	} else if (gp_poll && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)) {
1103 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll without primitives.\n", __func__);
1104 	}
1105 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1106 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1107 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1108 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1109 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1110 	}
1111 }
1112 
1113 /*
1114  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1115  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1116  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1117  */
1118 static int
1119 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1120 {
1121 	bool boot_ended;
1122 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1123 	unsigned long cookie;
1124 	int expediting = 0;
1125 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1126 	int i;
1127 	int idx;
1128 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1129 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1130 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1131 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1132 	bool stutter_waited;
1133 
1134 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1135 	if (!can_expedite)
1136 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1137 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1138 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1139 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1140 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
1141 		/*
1142 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1143 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1144 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1145 		 */
1146 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1147 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1148 	}
1149 
1150 	do {
1151 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1152 		torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
1153 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1154 		if (rp == NULL)
1155 			continue;
1156 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1157 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1158 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1159 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1160 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1161 					       current == writer_task);
1162 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1163 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1164 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1165 		if (old_rp) {
1166 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1167 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1168 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1169 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1170 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1171 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1172 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1173 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1174 				cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1175 				WARN_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state != RTWS_DEF_FREE &&
1176 					  cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1177 					  "%s: Cookie check 1 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1178 					  __func__,
1179 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1180 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1181 					  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1182 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1183 			}
1184 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1185 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1186 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1187 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1188 				break;
1189 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1190 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1191 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1192 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1193 				break;
1194 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1195 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1196 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1197 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1198 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1199 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1200 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1201 				break;
1202 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1203 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1204 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1205 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT;
1206 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap))
1207 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1208 								  &rand);
1209 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1210 				break;
1211 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1212 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1213 				cur_ops->sync();
1214 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1215 				break;
1216 			default:
1217 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1218 				break;
1219 			}
1220 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
1221 				WARN_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state != RTWS_DEF_FREE &&
1222 					  !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1223 					  "%s: Cookie check 2 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1224 					  __func__,
1225 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1226 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1227 					  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1228 		}
1229 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1230 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1231 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1232 		if (can_expedite &&
1233 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1234 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1235 			if (expediting >= 0)
1236 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1237 			else
1238 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1239 			if (++expediting > 3)
1240 				expediting = -expediting;
1241 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1242 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1243 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1244 		}
1245 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1246 		boot_ended = rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended();
1247 		stutter_waited = stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1248 		if (stutter_waited &&
1249 		    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1250 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1251 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1252 		    boot_ended)
1253 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1254 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1255 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) !=
1256 				    &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1257 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1258 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1259 				}
1260 		if (stutter_waited)
1261 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1262 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1263 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1264 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1265 	if (expediting > 0)
1266 		expediting = -expediting;
1267 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1268 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1269 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1270 	if (!can_expedite)
1271 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1272 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1273 			 torture_type);
1274 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1275 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1276 	return 0;
1277 }
1278 
1279 /*
1280  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1281  * delay between calls.
1282  */
1283 static int
1284 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1285 {
1286 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1287 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1288 
1289 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1290 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1291 
1292 	do {
1293 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 10, &rand);
1294 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1295 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1296 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1297 		} else {
1298 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1299 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1300 				break;
1301 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1302 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1303 				break;
1304 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1305 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1306 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1307 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1308 				break;
1309 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1310 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1311 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1312 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1313 								  &rand);
1314 				}
1315 				break;
1316 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1317 				cur_ops->sync();
1318 				break;
1319 			default:
1320 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1321 				break;
1322 			}
1323 		}
1324 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1325 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1326 
1327 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1328 	return 0;
1329 }
1330 
1331 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1332 {
1333 	kfree(rhp);
1334 }
1335 
1336 // Set up and carry out testing of RCU's global memory ordering
1337 static void rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(long myid, struct rcu_torture *rtp,
1338 					struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1339 {
1340 	unsigned long loops;
1341 	int noc = torture_num_online_cpus();
1342 	int rdrchked;
1343 	int rdrchker;
1344 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp; // Me.
1345 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_assigner; // Assigned us to do checking.
1346 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chked; // Reader being checked.
1347 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chker; // Reader doing checking when not me.
1348 
1349 	if (myid < 0)
1350 		return; // Don't try this from timer handlers.
1351 
1352 	// Increment my counter.
1353 	rtrcp = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[myid];
1354 	WRITE_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_myloops, rtrcp->rtc_myloops + 1);
1355 
1356 	// Attempt to assign someone else some checking work.
1357 	rdrchked = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1358 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1359 	rdrchker = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1360 	rtrcp_chker = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchker];
1361 	if (rdrchked != myid && rdrchked != rdrchker && noc >= rdrchked && noc >= rdrchker &&
1362 	    smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr) < 0 && // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1363 	    !READ_ONCE(rtp->rtort_chkp) &&
1364 	    !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner)) { // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1365 		rtrcp->rtc_chkloops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1366 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr >= 0);
1367 		rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr = rdrchked;
1368 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_ready); // This gets set after the grace period ends.
1369 		if (cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, NULL, rtrcp) ||
1370 		    cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtp->rtort_chkp, NULL, rtrcp))
1371 			(void)cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, rtrcp, NULL); // Back out.
1372 	}
1373 
1374 	// If assigned some completed work, do it!
1375 	rtrcp_assigner = READ_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_assigner);
1376 	if (!rtrcp_assigner || !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready))
1377 		return; // No work or work not yet ready.
1378 	rdrchked = rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr;
1379 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rdrchked < 0))
1380 		return;
1381 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1382 	loops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1383 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries);
1384 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(loops, rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops))
1385 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail);
1386 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops = loops + ULONG_MAX / 2;
1387 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready = 0;
1388 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_assigner, NULL); // Someone else can assign us work.
1389 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr, -1); // Assigner can again assign.
1390 }
1391 
1392 /*
1393  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1394  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1395  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1396  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1397  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1398  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1399  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1400  */
1401 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1402 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1403 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1404 {
1405 	unsigned long flags;
1406 	int idxnew = -1;
1407 	int idxold = *readstate;
1408 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1409 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1410 
1411 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold < 0);
1412 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1413 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1414 
1415 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1416 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1417 		local_bh_disable();
1418 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1419 		local_irq_disable();
1420 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1421 		preempt_disable();
1422 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1423 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1424 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1425 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1426 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU)
1427 		idxnew = cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT;
1428 
1429 	/* Next, remove old protection, irq first due to bh conflict. */
1430 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1431 		local_irq_enable();
1432 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1433 		local_bh_enable();
1434 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1435 		preempt_enable();
1436 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1437 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1438 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1439 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1440 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU) {
1441 		bool lockit = !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1442 
1443 		if (lockit)
1444 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1445 		cur_ops->readunlock(idxold >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1446 		if (lockit)
1447 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1448 	}
1449 
1450 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1451 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1452 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1453 
1454 	/* Update the reader state. */
1455 	if (idxnew == -1)
1456 		idxnew = idxold & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK;
1457 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew < 0);
1458 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1459 	*readstate = idxnew | newstate;
1460 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) < 0);
1461 	WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT) > 1);
1462 }
1463 
1464 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1465 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1466 {
1467 	int mask;
1468 
1469 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1470 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1471 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1472 	return mask;
1473 }
1474 
1475 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1476 static int
1477 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1478 {
1479 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1480 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp) >> 8;
1481 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1482 
1483 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT);
1484 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1485 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1486 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1487 	else
1488 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1489 	/* Can't enable bh w/irq disabled. */
1490 	if ((mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) &&
1491 	    ((!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)) ||
1492 	     (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH) && (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH))))
1493 		mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1494 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU;
1495 }
1496 
1497 /*
1498  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1499  * critical section.
1500  */
1501 static struct rt_read_seg *
1502 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1503 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1504 {
1505 	int i;
1506 	int j;
1507 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1508 
1509 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1510 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1511 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1512 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1513 	i = (torture_random(trsp) >> 3);
1514 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1515 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1516 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1517 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1518 	}
1519 	return &rtrsp[j];
1520 }
1521 
1522 /*
1523  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1524  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1525  * from a timer handler.
1526  */
1527 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp, long myid)
1528 {
1529 	unsigned long cookie;
1530 	int i;
1531 	unsigned long started;
1532 	unsigned long completed;
1533 	int newstate;
1534 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1535 	int pipe_count;
1536 	int readstate = 0;
1537 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1538 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1539 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1540 	unsigned long long ts;
1541 
1542 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
1543 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1544 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1545 	if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
1546 		cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1547 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1548 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1549 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1550 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1551 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1552 				  srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp) ||
1553 				  rcu_read_lock_trace_held() ||
1554 				  torturing_tasks());
1555 	if (p == NULL) {
1556 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1557 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1558 		return false;
1559 	}
1560 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1561 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1562 	rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(myid, p, trsp);
1563 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1564 	preempt_disable();
1565 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
1566 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1567 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1568 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1569 	}
1570 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1571 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1572 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1573 					  ts, started, completed);
1574 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1575 	}
1576 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1577 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
1578 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1579 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1580 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1581 	}
1582 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1583 	preempt_enable();
1584 	if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
1585 		WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1586 			  "%s: Cookie check 3 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1587 			  __func__,
1588 			  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1589 			  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1590 			  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1591 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1592 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK);
1593 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
1594 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
1595 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
1596 
1597 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
1598 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
1599 		i = 0;
1600 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
1601 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
1602 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
1603 	}
1604 
1605 	return true;
1606 }
1607 
1608 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
1609 
1610 /*
1611  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1612  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1613  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1614  * RCU implementation is broken.
1615  */
1616 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
1617 {
1618 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
1619 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand), -1);
1620 
1621 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
1622 	if (cur_ops->call) {
1623 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
1624 
1625 		if (rhp)
1626 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
1627 	}
1628 }
1629 
1630 /*
1631  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1632  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1633  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1634  * RCU implementation is broken.
1635  */
1636 static int
1637 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1638 {
1639 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
1640 	long myid = (long)arg;
1641 	int mynumonline = myid;
1642 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1643 	struct timer_list t;
1644 
1645 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1646 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1647 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1648 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1649 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
1650 	do {
1651 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1652 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1653 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1654 		}
1655 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand, myid) && !torture_must_stop())
1656 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1657 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
1658 			torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
1659 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
1660 		}
1661 		while (torture_num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
1662 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
1663 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1664 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1665 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1666 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1667 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1668 	}
1669 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
1670 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1671 	return 0;
1672 }
1673 
1674 /*
1675  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1676  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1677  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1678  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1679  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1680  * thread is not running).
1681  */
1682 static void
1683 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1684 {
1685 	int cpu;
1686 	int i;
1687 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1688 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1689 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
1690 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1691 	static bool splatted;
1692 	struct task_struct *wtp;
1693 
1694 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1695 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1696 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
1697 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
1698 		}
1699 	}
1700 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1701 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1702 			break;
1703 	}
1704 
1705 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1706 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
1707 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1708 		rtcp,
1709 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
1710 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1711 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1712 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1713 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1714 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1715 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtmbkf: %d/%d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1716 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1717 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail), atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries),
1718 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
1719 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1720 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1721 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1722 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1723 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1724 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
1725 	torture_onoff_stats();
1726 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
1727 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
1728 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
1729 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
1730 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld\n", data_race(n_read_exits));
1731 
1732 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1733 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
1734 	    atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail) ||
1735 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
1736 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror || n_rcu_torture_boost_failure ||
1737 	    i > 1) {
1738 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1739 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1740 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
1741 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail));
1742 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
1743 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
1744 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror); // can't set RT prio
1745 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // RCU boost failed
1746 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
1747 	}
1748 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1749 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1750 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1751 	pr_cont("\n");
1752 
1753 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1754 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1755 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1756 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1757 	pr_cont("\n");
1758 
1759 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1760 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1761 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1762 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1763 	}
1764 	pr_cont("\n");
1765 
1766 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1767 		cur_ops->stats();
1768 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1769 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
1770 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
1771 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
1772 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
1773 
1774 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1775 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
1776 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
1777 					&flags, &gp_seq);
1778 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
1779 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#lx cpu %d\n",
1780 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1781 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
1782 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state,
1783 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
1784 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
1785 			sched_show_task(wtp);
1786 			splatted = true;
1787 		}
1788 		if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
1789 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1790 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1791 	}
1792 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1793 }
1794 
1795 /*
1796  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1797  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1798  */
1799 static int
1800 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1801 {
1802 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1803 	do {
1804 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1805 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1806 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1807 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1808 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1809 	return 0;
1810 }
1811 
1812 static void
1813 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1814 {
1815 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1816 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1817 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1818 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1819 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1820 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1821 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1822 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
1823 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d "
1824 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1825 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
1826 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d\n",
1827 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1828 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1829 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1830 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1831 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1832 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
1833 		 stall_cpu_block,
1834 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1835 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
1836 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst);
1837 }
1838 
1839 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
1840 {
1841 	struct task_struct *t;
1842 
1843 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1844 		return 0;
1845 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1846 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1847 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1848 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
1849 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1850 
1851 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1852 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1853 	return 0;
1854 }
1855 
1856 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
1857 {
1858 	int retval;
1859 
1860 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1861 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1862 
1863 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1864 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1865 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
1866 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1867 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1868 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1869 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1870 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1871 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1872 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1873 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1874 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1875 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1876 		return retval;
1877 	}
1878 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1879 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1880 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1881 	return 0;
1882 }
1883 
1884 /*
1885  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1886  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1887  */
1888 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1889 {
1890 	int idx;
1891 	unsigned long stop_at;
1892 
1893 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1894 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1895 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1896 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1897 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1898 	}
1899 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
1900 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
1901 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
1902 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
1903 			if (kthread_should_stop())
1904 				break;
1905 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
1906 		}
1907 	}
1908 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
1909 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
1910 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1911 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1912 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1913 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1914 			local_irq_disable();
1915 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
1916 			preempt_disable();
1917 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start on CPU %d.\n",
1918 			 raw_smp_processor_id());
1919 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
1920 				    stop_at))
1921 			if (stall_cpu_block)
1922 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
1923 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
1924 			local_irq_enable();
1925 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
1926 			preempt_enable();
1927 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1928 	}
1929 	pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1930 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1931 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1932 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1933 	return 0;
1934 }
1935 
1936 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1937 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1938 {
1939 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
1940 		return 0;
1941 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1942 }
1943 
1944 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
1945 struct fwd_cb_state {
1946 	struct rcu_head rh;
1947 	int stop;
1948 };
1949 
1950 /*
1951  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
1952  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
1953  * critical section.
1954  */
1955 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1956 {
1957 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
1958 
1959 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
1960 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
1961 		return;
1962 	}
1963 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
1964 }
1965 
1966 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
1967 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
1968 	struct rcu_head rh;
1969 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
1970 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
1971 	int rfc_gps;
1972 };
1973 
1974 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
1975 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
1976 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
1977 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
1978 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
1979 
1980 struct rcu_launder_hist {
1981 	long n_launders;
1982 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
1983 };
1984 
1985 struct rcu_fwd {
1986 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
1987 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
1988 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
1989 	long n_launders_cb;
1990 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
1991 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
1992 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
1993 };
1994 
1995 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
1996 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
1997 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
1998 
1999 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2000 {
2001 	unsigned long gps;
2002 	unsigned long gps_old;
2003 	int i;
2004 	int j;
2005 
2006 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
2007 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
2008 			break;
2009 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram (duration %lu jiffies):",
2010 		 __func__, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
2011 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2012 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
2013 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
2014 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
2015 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
2016 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
2017 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
2018 		gps_old = gps;
2019 	}
2020 	pr_cont("\n");
2021 }
2022 
2023 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2024 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2025 {
2026 	unsigned long flags;
2027 	int i;
2028 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
2029 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
2030 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
2031 
2032 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
2033 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
2034 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2035 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2036 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
2037 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
2038 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
2039 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
2040 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
2041 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
2042 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
2043 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2044 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2045 }
2046 
2047 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
2048 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
2049 {
2050 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
2051 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
2052 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
2053 			schedule();
2054 		return;
2055 	}
2056 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
2057 	cond_resched();
2058 }
2059 
2060 /*
2061  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
2062  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
2063  */
2064 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2065 {
2066 	unsigned long flags;
2067 	unsigned long freed = 0;
2068 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2069 
2070 	for (;;) {
2071 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2072 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2073 		if (!rfcp) {
2074 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2075 			break;
2076 		}
2077 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
2078 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
2079 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2080 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2081 		kfree(rfcp);
2082 		freed++;
2083 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
2084 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2085 			local_irq_save(flags);
2086 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2087 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2088 		}
2089 	}
2090 	return freed;
2091 }
2092 
2093 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
2094 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
2095 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
2096 {
2097 	unsigned long cver;
2098 	unsigned long dur;
2099 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
2100 	unsigned long gps;
2101 	int idx;
2102 	int sd;
2103 	int sd4;
2104 	bool selfpropcb = false;
2105 	unsigned long stopat;
2106 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2107 
2108 	if (!cur_ops->sync)
2109 		return; // Cannot do need_resched() forward progress testing without ->sync.
2110 	if (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
2111 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2112 		selfpropcb = true;
2113 	}
2114 
2115 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
2116 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
2117 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2118 	if  (selfpropcb) {
2119 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
2120 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2121 	}
2122 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2123 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2124 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
2125 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
2126 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
2127 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2128 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
2129 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2130 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2131 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2132 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2133 		udelay(10);
2134 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2135 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
2136 			cond_resched();
2137 	}
2138 	(*tested_tries)++;
2139 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2140 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2141 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2142 		(*tested)++;
2143 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2144 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2145 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
2146 		pr_alert("%s: Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__, dur, cver, gps);
2147 	}
2148 	if (selfpropcb) {
2149 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
2150 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
2151 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
2152 	}
2153 
2154 	if (selfpropcb) {
2155 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
2156 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2157 	}
2158 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
2159 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
2160 }
2161 
2162 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
2163 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2164 {
2165 	unsigned long cver;
2166 	unsigned long flags;
2167 	unsigned long gps;
2168 	int i;
2169 	long n_launders;
2170 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
2171 	long n_launders_sa;
2172 	long n_max_cbs;
2173 	long n_max_gps;
2174 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2175 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
2176 	unsigned long stopat;
2177 	unsigned long stoppedat;
2178 
2179 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
2180 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
2181 	if (!cur_ops->call)
2182 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
2183 
2184 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
2185 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, true);
2186 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2187 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2188 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
2189 	n_launders = 0;
2190 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
2191 	n_launders_sa = 0;
2192 	n_max_cbs = 0;
2193 	n_max_gps = 0;
2194 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2195 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2196 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2197 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2198 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2199 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2200 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2201 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2202 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2203 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2204 		rfcpn = NULL;
2205 		if (rfcp)
2206 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2207 		if (rfcpn) {
2208 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2209 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2210 				break;
2211 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2212 			n_launders++;
2213 			n_launders_sa++;
2214 		} else {
2215 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2216 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2217 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2218 				continue;
2219 			}
2220 			n_max_cbs++;
2221 			n_launders_sa = 0;
2222 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
2223 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
2224 		}
2225 		cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
2226 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
2227 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2228 			local_irq_save(flags);
2229 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2230 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2231 		}
2232 	}
2233 	stoppedat = jiffies;
2234 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
2235 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2236 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2237 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
2238 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
2239 
2240 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
2241 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
2242 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
2243 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
2244 			 __func__,
2245 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
2246 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
2247 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
2248 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
2249 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2250 	}
2251 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
2252 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2253 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay, false);
2254 }
2255 
2256 
2257 /*
2258  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
2259  * current forward-progress test.
2260  */
2261 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
2262 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
2263 {
2264 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2265 
2266 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2267 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2268 	if (!rfp) {
2269 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2270 		return NOTIFY_OK;
2271 	}
2272 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
2273 	     __func__);
2274 	rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2275 	rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
2276 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
2277 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
2278 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2279 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2280 	rcu_barrier();
2281 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2282 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2283 	rcu_barrier();
2284 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n",
2285 		__func__, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp));
2286 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
2287 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
2288 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
2289 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2290 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2291 }
2292 
2293 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
2294 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
2295 };
2296 
2297 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
2298 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
2299 {
2300 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2301 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
2302 	int tested = 0;
2303 	int tested_tries = 0;
2304 
2305 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
2306 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
2307 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
2308 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2309 	do {
2310 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
2311 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
2312 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
2313 		    rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2314 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
2315 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2316 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
2317 
2318 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
2319 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog"))
2320 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2321 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2322 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
2323 	WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
2324 	pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
2325 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
2326 	return 0;
2327 }
2328 
2329 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
2330 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
2331 {
2332 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2333 
2334 	if (!fwd_progress)
2335 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
2336 	if ((!cur_ops->sync && !cur_ops->call) ||
2337 	    !cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0 || cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
2338 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
2339 		return 0;
2340 	}
2341 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
2342 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
2343 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TESTS))
2344 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
2345 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
2346 		return 0;
2347 	}
2348 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
2349 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
2350 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
2351 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
2352 	rfp = kzalloc(sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
2353 	if (!rfp)
2354 		return -ENOMEM;
2355 	spin_lock_init(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock);
2356 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2357 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2358 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
2359 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2360 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
2361 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, rfp, fwd_prog_task);
2362 }
2363 
2364 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
2365 {
2366 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2367 
2368 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_task);
2369 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2370 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2371 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
2372 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2373 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
2374 	kfree(rfp);
2375 }
2376 
2377 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
2378 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
2379 {
2380 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
2381 }
2382 
2383 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
2384 static void rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
2385 {
2386 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
2387 
2388 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
2389 }
2390 
2391 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
2392 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
2393 {
2394 	long myid = (long)arg;
2395 	bool lastphase = false;
2396 	bool newphase;
2397 	struct rcu_head rcu;
2398 
2399 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
2400 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
2401 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2402 	do {
2403 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
2404 			   (newphase =
2405 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
2406 			   torture_must_stop());
2407 		lastphase = newphase;
2408 		if (torture_must_stop())
2409 			break;
2410 		/*
2411 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
2412 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
2413 		 */
2414 		if (smp_call_function_single(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb,
2415 					     &rcu, 1)) {
2416 			// IPI failed, so use direct call from current CPU.
2417 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
2418 		}
2419 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
2420 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
2421 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2422 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2423 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2424 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
2425 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
2426 	return 0;
2427 }
2428 
2429 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
2430 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
2431 {
2432 	int i;
2433 
2434 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
2435 	do {
2436 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2437 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
2438 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
2439 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
2440 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2441 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2442 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
2443 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
2444 			   torture_must_stop());
2445 		if (torture_must_stop())
2446 			break;
2447 		n_barrier_attempts++;
2448 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
2449 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
2450 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
2451 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
2452 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
2453 			       n_barrier_cbs);
2454 			WARN_ON(1);
2455 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
2456 			i = 0;
2457 			do {
2458 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
2459 					i = INT_MIN;
2460 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2461 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2462 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
2463 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
2464 				 !torture_must_stop());
2465 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
2466 			if (!torture_must_stop())
2467 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
2468 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
2469 		} else {
2470 			n_barrier_successes++;
2471 		}
2472 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2473 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2474 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
2475 	return 0;
2476 }
2477 
2478 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
2479 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
2480 {
2481 	int i;
2482 	int ret;
2483 
2484 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
2485 		return 0;
2486 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
2487 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2488 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
2489 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
2490 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2491 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
2492 			 torture_type);
2493 		return 0;
2494 	}
2495 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
2496 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
2497 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
2498 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
2499 			GFP_KERNEL);
2500 	barrier_cbs_wq =
2501 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
2502 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
2503 		return -ENOMEM;
2504 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
2505 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
2506 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2507 					     (void *)(long)i,
2508 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2509 		if (ret)
2510 			return ret;
2511 	}
2512 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
2513 }
2514 
2515 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
2516 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
2517 {
2518 	int i;
2519 
2520 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
2521 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
2522 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
2523 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
2524 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
2525 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
2526 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
2527 	}
2528 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
2529 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
2530 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
2531 	}
2532 }
2533 
2534 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
2535 {
2536 	static int boost_warn_once;
2537 	int prio;
2538 
2539 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
2540 		return false;
2541 
2542 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
2543 	if (!prio)
2544 		return false;
2545 
2546 	if (prio < 2) {
2547 		if (boost_warn_once  == 1)
2548 			return false;
2549 
2550 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2551 		boost_warn_once = 1;
2552 		return false;
2553 	}
2554 
2555 	return true;
2556 }
2557 
2558 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
2559 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
2560 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
2561 
2562 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
2563 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
2564 {
2565 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
2566 
2567 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2568 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
2569 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2570 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
2571 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp, -1);
2572 	return 0;
2573 }
2574 
2575 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
2576 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
2577 {
2578 	int count = 0;
2579 	bool errexit = false;
2580 	int i;
2581 	struct task_struct *tsp;
2582 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2583 
2584 	// Allocate and initialize.
2585 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2586 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
2587 
2588 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
2589 	do {
2590 		if (++count > read_exit_burst) {
2591 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
2592 			rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
2593 			for (i = 0; i < read_exit_delay; i++) {
2594 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2595 				if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2596 					break;
2597 			}
2598 			if (!READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2599 				VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
2600 			count = 0;
2601 		}
2602 		if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
2603 			break;
2604 		// Spawn child.
2605 		tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
2606 				     &trs, "%s",
2607 				     "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
2608 		if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
2609 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2610 			errexit = true;
2611 			tsp = NULL;
2612 			break;
2613 		}
2614 		cond_resched();
2615 		kthread_stop(tsp);
2616 		n_read_exits ++;
2617 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
2618 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
2619 
2620 	// Clean up and exit.
2621 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
2622 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
2623 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
2624 	while (!torture_must_stop())
2625 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
2626 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
2627 	return 0;
2628 }
2629 
2630 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
2631 {
2632 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
2633 		return -EINVAL;
2634 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
2635 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
2636 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
2637 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
2638 				      read_exit_task);
2639 }
2640 
2641 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
2642 {
2643 	if (!read_exit_task)
2644 		return;
2645 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
2646 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
2647 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
2648 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
2649 }
2650 
2651 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
2652 
2653 static void
2654 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
2655 {
2656 	int firsttime;
2657 	int flags = 0;
2658 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2659 	int i;
2660 
2661 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
2662 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2663 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2664 		return;
2665 	}
2666 	if (!cur_ops) {
2667 		torture_cleanup_end();
2668 		return;
2669 	}
2670 
2671 	if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2672 		cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2673 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
2674 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
2675 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
2676 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
2677 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
2678 
2679 	if (reader_tasks) {
2680 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
2681 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
2682 					     reader_tasks[i]);
2683 		kfree(reader_tasks);
2684 		reader_tasks = NULL;
2685 	}
2686 	kfree(rcu_torture_reader_mbchk);
2687 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = NULL;
2688 
2689 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
2690 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
2691 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2692 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2693 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
2694 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
2695 	}
2696 
2697 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2698 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2699 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
2700 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
2701 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
2702 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
2703 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
2704 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost())
2705 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
2706 
2707 	/*
2708 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
2709 	 * cleanup operations.
2710 	 */
2711 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
2712 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2713 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
2714 		cur_ops->cleanup();
2715 
2716 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
2717 
2718 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
2719 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
2720 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
2721 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
2722 		firsttime = 1;
2723 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
2724 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
2725 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
2726 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2727 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
2728 				firsttime = 0;
2729 			}
2730 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
2731 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2732 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
2733 				firsttime = 0;
2734 			}
2735 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
2736 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
2737 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
2738 				firsttime = 0;
2739 			}
2740 			pr_cont("%s\n",
2741 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
2742 
2743 		}
2744 	}
2745 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
2746 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
2747 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
2748 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
2749 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
2750 	else
2751 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
2752 	torture_cleanup_end();
2753 }
2754 
2755 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2756 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2757 {
2758 }
2759 
2760 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2761 {
2762 	/*
2763 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
2764 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
2765 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
2766 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
2767 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
2768 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
2769 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
2770 	 */
2771 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2772 }
2773 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2774 
2775 /*
2776  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
2777  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
2778  * cannot be carried out.
2779  */
2780 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
2781 {
2782 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
2783 	struct rcu_head rh1;
2784 	struct rcu_head rh2;
2785 	struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
2786 
2787 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2788 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2789 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2790 
2791 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
2792 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
2793 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
2794 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
2795 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
2796 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
2797 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
2798 	if (rhp) {
2799 		call_rcu(rhp, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
2800 		call_rcu(rhp, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Another duplicate callback. */
2801 	}
2802 	local_irq_enable();
2803 	rcu_read_unlock();
2804 	preempt_enable();
2805 
2806 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
2807 	rcu_barrier();
2808 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2809 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
2810 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
2811 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2812 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
2813 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
2814 }
2815 
2816 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
2817 {
2818 	static unsigned long n;
2819 
2820 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
2821 		cur_ops->sync();
2822 }
2823 
2824 static int __init
2825 rcu_torture_init(void)
2826 {
2827 	long i;
2828 	int cpu;
2829 	int firsterr = 0;
2830 	int flags = 0;
2831 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
2832 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
2833 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops,
2834 		&busted_srcud_ops, &tasks_ops, &tasks_rude_ops,
2835 		&tasks_tracing_ops, &trivial_ops,
2836 	};
2837 
2838 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
2839 		return -EBUSY;
2840 
2841 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
2842 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
2843 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
2844 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
2845 			break;
2846 	}
2847 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
2848 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
2849 			 torture_type);
2850 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
2851 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
2852 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
2853 		pr_cont("\n");
2854 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
2855 		cur_ops = NULL;
2856 		goto unwind;
2857 	}
2858 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
2859 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
2860 		fqs_duration = 0;
2861 	}
2862 	if (cur_ops->init)
2863 		cur_ops->init();
2864 
2865 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
2866 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
2867 	} else {
2868 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
2869 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
2870 			nrealreaders = 1;
2871 	}
2872 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
2873 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
2874 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
2875 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
2876 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
2877 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
2878 
2879 	/* Set up the freelist. */
2880 
2881 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
2882 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
2883 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
2884 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
2885 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
2886 	}
2887 
2888 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
2889 
2890 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
2891 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
2892 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
2893 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
2894 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
2895 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
2896 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail, 0);
2897 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries, 0);
2898 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
2899 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
2900 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
2901 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
2902 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
2903 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
2904 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2905 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
2906 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2907 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2908 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
2909 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
2910 		}
2911 	}
2912 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
2913 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
2914 
2915 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
2916 
2917 	rcu_torture_write_types();
2918 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
2919 					  writer_task);
2920 	if (firsterr)
2921 		goto unwind;
2922 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
2923 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
2924 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
2925 					   GFP_KERNEL);
2926 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
2927 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2928 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2929 			goto unwind;
2930 		}
2931 	}
2932 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
2933 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
2934 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
2935 		if (firsterr)
2936 			goto unwind;
2937 	}
2938 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
2939 			       GFP_KERNEL);
2940 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(*rcu_torture_reader_mbchk),
2941 					   GFP_KERNEL);
2942 	if (!reader_tasks || !rcu_torture_reader_mbchk) {
2943 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
2944 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
2945 		goto unwind;
2946 	}
2947 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
2948 		rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[i].rtc_chkrdr = -1;
2949 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
2950 						  reader_tasks[i]);
2951 		if (firsterr)
2952 			goto unwind;
2953 	}
2954 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
2955 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
2956 						  stats_task);
2957 		if (firsterr)
2958 			goto unwind;
2959 	}
2960 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
2961 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
2962 		if (firsterr)
2963 			goto unwind;
2964 	}
2965 	if (stutter < 0)
2966 		stutter = 0;
2967 	if (stutter) {
2968 		int t;
2969 
2970 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
2971 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
2972 		if (firsterr)
2973 			goto unwind;
2974 	}
2975 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
2976 		fqs_duration = 0;
2977 	if (fqs_duration) {
2978 		/* Create the fqs thread */
2979 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
2980 						  fqs_task);
2981 		if (firsterr)
2982 			goto unwind;
2983 	}
2984 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
2985 		test_boost_interval = 1;
2986 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
2987 		test_boost_duration = 2;
2988 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
2989 
2990 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
2991 
2992 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
2993 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
2994 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
2995 		if (firsterr < 0)
2996 			goto unwind;
2997 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
2998 	}
2999 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
3000 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
3001 	if (firsterr)
3002 		goto unwind;
3003 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
3004 				      rcutorture_sync);
3005 	if (firsterr)
3006 		goto unwind;
3007 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
3008 	if (firsterr)
3009 		goto unwind;
3010 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
3011 	if (firsterr)
3012 		goto unwind;
3013 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
3014 	if (firsterr)
3015 		goto unwind;
3016 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
3017 	if (firsterr)
3018 		goto unwind;
3019 	if (object_debug)
3020 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
3021 	torture_init_end();
3022 	return 0;
3023 
3024 unwind:
3025 	torture_init_end();
3026 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
3027 	if (shutdown_secs) {
3028 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
3029 		kernel_power_off();
3030 	}
3031 	return firsterr;
3032 }
3033 
3034 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
3035 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
3036