xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/fork.c (revision cd02938a828f4b2098a074afb7454f106f2e8df5)
1 /*
2  *  linux/kernel/fork.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
5  */
6 
7 /*
8  *  'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call
9  * (see also entry.S and others).
10  * Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory
11  * management can be a bitch. See 'mm/memory.c': 'copy_page_range()'
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/unistd.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
19 #include <linux/completion.h>
20 #include <linux/mnt_namespace.h>
21 #include <linux/personality.h>
22 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
23 #include <linux/sem.h>
24 #include <linux/file.h>
25 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
26 #include <linux/iocontext.h>
27 #include <linux/key.h>
28 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
29 #include <linux/mman.h>
30 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
31 #include <linux/fs.h>
32 #include <linux/nsproxy.h>
33 #include <linux/capability.h>
34 #include <linux/cpu.h>
35 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
36 #include <linux/security.h>
37 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
38 #include <linux/swap.h>
39 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
40 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
41 #include <linux/tracehook.h>
42 #include <linux/futex.h>
43 #include <linux/compat.h>
44 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
45 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
46 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
47 #include <linux/mount.h>
48 #include <linux/audit.h>
49 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
50 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
51 #include <linux/profile.h>
52 #include <linux/rmap.h>
53 #include <linux/acct.h>
54 #include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
55 #include <linux/cn_proc.h>
56 #include <linux/freezer.h>
57 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
58 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
59 #include <linux/random.h>
60 #include <linux/tty.h>
61 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
62 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
63 #include <trace/sched.h>
64 #include <linux/magic.h>
65 
66 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
67 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
68 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
69 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
70 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
71 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
72 
73 /*
74  * Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock)
75  */
76 unsigned long total_forks;	/* Handle normal Linux uptimes. */
77 int nr_threads; 		/* The idle threads do not count.. */
78 
79 int max_threads;		/* tunable limit on nr_threads */
80 
81 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, process_counts) = 0;
82 
83 __cacheline_aligned DEFINE_RWLOCK(tasklist_lock);  /* outer */
84 
85 DEFINE_TRACE(sched_process_fork);
86 
87 int nr_processes(void)
88 {
89 	int cpu;
90 	int total = 0;
91 
92 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
93 		total += per_cpu(process_counts, cpu);
94 
95 	return total;
96 }
97 
98 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
99 # define alloc_task_struct()	kmem_cache_alloc(task_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL)
100 # define free_task_struct(tsk)	kmem_cache_free(task_struct_cachep, (tsk))
101 static struct kmem_cache *task_struct_cachep;
102 #endif
103 
104 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_THREAD_INFO_ALLOCATOR
105 static inline struct thread_info *alloc_thread_info(struct task_struct *tsk)
106 {
107 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
108 	gfp_t mask = GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO;
109 #else
110 	gfp_t mask = GFP_KERNEL;
111 #endif
112 	return (struct thread_info *)__get_free_pages(mask, THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
113 }
114 
115 static inline void free_thread_info(struct thread_info *ti)
116 {
117 	free_pages((unsigned long)ti, THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
118 }
119 #endif
120 
121 /* SLAB cache for signal_struct structures (tsk->signal) */
122 static struct kmem_cache *signal_cachep;
123 
124 /* SLAB cache for sighand_struct structures (tsk->sighand) */
125 struct kmem_cache *sighand_cachep;
126 
127 /* SLAB cache for files_struct structures (tsk->files) */
128 struct kmem_cache *files_cachep;
129 
130 /* SLAB cache for fs_struct structures (tsk->fs) */
131 struct kmem_cache *fs_cachep;
132 
133 /* SLAB cache for vm_area_struct structures */
134 struct kmem_cache *vm_area_cachep;
135 
136 /* SLAB cache for mm_struct structures (tsk->mm) */
137 static struct kmem_cache *mm_cachep;
138 
139 void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk)
140 {
141 	prop_local_destroy_single(&tsk->dirties);
142 	free_thread_info(tsk->stack);
143 	rt_mutex_debug_task_free(tsk);
144 	ftrace_graph_exit_task(tsk);
145 	free_task_struct(tsk);
146 }
147 EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_task);
148 
149 void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
150 {
151 	WARN_ON(!tsk->exit_state);
152 	WARN_ON(atomic_read(&tsk->usage));
153 	WARN_ON(tsk == current);
154 
155 	put_cred(tsk->real_cred);
156 	put_cred(tsk->cred);
157 	delayacct_tsk_free(tsk);
158 
159 	if (!profile_handoff_task(tsk))
160 		free_task(tsk);
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * macro override instead of weak attribute alias, to workaround
165  * gcc 4.1.0 and 4.1.1 bugs with weak attribute and empty functions.
166  */
167 #ifndef arch_task_cache_init
168 #define arch_task_cache_init()
169 #endif
170 
171 void __init fork_init(unsigned long mempages)
172 {
173 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
174 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN
175 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN	L1_CACHE_BYTES
176 #endif
177 	/* create a slab on which task_structs can be allocated */
178 	task_struct_cachep =
179 		kmem_cache_create("task_struct", sizeof(struct task_struct),
180 			ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN, SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
181 #endif
182 
183 	/* do the arch specific task caches init */
184 	arch_task_cache_init();
185 
186 	/*
187 	 * The default maximum number of threads is set to a safe
188 	 * value: the thread structures can take up at most half
189 	 * of memory.
190 	 */
191 	max_threads = mempages / (8 * THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
192 
193 	/*
194 	 * we need to allow at least 20 threads to boot a system
195 	 */
196 	if(max_threads < 20)
197 		max_threads = 20;
198 
199 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = max_threads/2;
200 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = max_threads/2;
201 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] =
202 		init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC];
203 }
204 
205 int __attribute__((weak)) arch_dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *dst,
206 					       struct task_struct *src)
207 {
208 	*dst = *src;
209 	return 0;
210 }
211 
212 static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig)
213 {
214 	struct task_struct *tsk;
215 	struct thread_info *ti;
216 	unsigned long *stackend;
217 
218 	int err;
219 
220 	prepare_to_copy(orig);
221 
222 	tsk = alloc_task_struct();
223 	if (!tsk)
224 		return NULL;
225 
226 	ti = alloc_thread_info(tsk);
227 	if (!ti) {
228 		free_task_struct(tsk);
229 		return NULL;
230 	}
231 
232  	err = arch_dup_task_struct(tsk, orig);
233 	if (err)
234 		goto out;
235 
236 	tsk->stack = ti;
237 
238 	err = prop_local_init_single(&tsk->dirties);
239 	if (err)
240 		goto out;
241 
242 	setup_thread_stack(tsk, orig);
243 	stackend = end_of_stack(tsk);
244 	*stackend = STACK_END_MAGIC;	/* for overflow detection */
245 
246 #ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
247 	tsk->stack_canary = get_random_int();
248 #endif
249 
250 	/* One for us, one for whoever does the "release_task()" (usually parent) */
251 	atomic_set(&tsk->usage,2);
252 	atomic_set(&tsk->fs_excl, 0);
253 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE
254 	tsk->btrace_seq = 0;
255 #endif
256 	tsk->splice_pipe = NULL;
257 	return tsk;
258 
259 out:
260 	free_thread_info(ti);
261 	free_task_struct(tsk);
262 	return NULL;
263 }
264 
265 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
266 static int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
267 {
268 	struct vm_area_struct *mpnt, *tmp, **pprev;
269 	struct rb_node **rb_link, *rb_parent;
270 	int retval;
271 	unsigned long charge;
272 	struct mempolicy *pol;
273 
274 	down_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
275 	flush_cache_dup_mm(oldmm);
276 	/*
277 	 * Not linked in yet - no deadlock potential:
278 	 */
279 	down_write_nested(&mm->mmap_sem, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
280 
281 	mm->locked_vm = 0;
282 	mm->mmap = NULL;
283 	mm->mmap_cache = NULL;
284 	mm->free_area_cache = oldmm->mmap_base;
285 	mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
286 	mm->map_count = 0;
287 	cpumask_clear(mm_cpumask(mm));
288 	mm->mm_rb = RB_ROOT;
289 	rb_link = &mm->mm_rb.rb_node;
290 	rb_parent = NULL;
291 	pprev = &mm->mmap;
292 
293 	for (mpnt = oldmm->mmap; mpnt; mpnt = mpnt->vm_next) {
294 		struct file *file;
295 
296 		if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_DONTCOPY) {
297 			long pages = vma_pages(mpnt);
298 			mm->total_vm -= pages;
299 			vm_stat_account(mm, mpnt->vm_flags, mpnt->vm_file,
300 								-pages);
301 			continue;
302 		}
303 		charge = 0;
304 		if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_ACCOUNT) {
305 			unsigned int len = (mpnt->vm_end - mpnt->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
306 			if (security_vm_enough_memory(len))
307 				goto fail_nomem;
308 			charge = len;
309 		}
310 		tmp = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
311 		if (!tmp)
312 			goto fail_nomem;
313 		*tmp = *mpnt;
314 		pol = mpol_dup(vma_policy(mpnt));
315 		retval = PTR_ERR(pol);
316 		if (IS_ERR(pol))
317 			goto fail_nomem_policy;
318 		vma_set_policy(tmp, pol);
319 		tmp->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCKED;
320 		tmp->vm_mm = mm;
321 		tmp->vm_next = NULL;
322 		anon_vma_link(tmp);
323 		file = tmp->vm_file;
324 		if (file) {
325 			struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
326 			struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
327 
328 			get_file(file);
329 			if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_DENYWRITE)
330 				atomic_dec(&inode->i_writecount);
331 			spin_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
332 			if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
333 				mapping->i_mmap_writable++;
334 			tmp->vm_truncate_count = mpnt->vm_truncate_count;
335 			flush_dcache_mmap_lock(mapping);
336 			/* insert tmp into the share list, just after mpnt */
337 			vma_prio_tree_add(tmp, mpnt);
338 			flush_dcache_mmap_unlock(mapping);
339 			spin_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
340 		}
341 
342 		/*
343 		 * Clear hugetlb-related page reserves for children. This only
344 		 * affects MAP_PRIVATE mappings. Faults generated by the child
345 		 * are not guaranteed to succeed, even if read-only
346 		 */
347 		if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(tmp))
348 			reset_vma_resv_huge_pages(tmp);
349 
350 		/*
351 		 * Link in the new vma and copy the page table entries.
352 		 */
353 		*pprev = tmp;
354 		pprev = &tmp->vm_next;
355 
356 		__vma_link_rb(mm, tmp, rb_link, rb_parent);
357 		rb_link = &tmp->vm_rb.rb_right;
358 		rb_parent = &tmp->vm_rb;
359 
360 		mm->map_count++;
361 		retval = copy_page_range(mm, oldmm, mpnt);
362 
363 		if (tmp->vm_ops && tmp->vm_ops->open)
364 			tmp->vm_ops->open(tmp);
365 
366 		if (retval)
367 			goto out;
368 	}
369 	/* a new mm has just been created */
370 	arch_dup_mmap(oldmm, mm);
371 	retval = 0;
372 out:
373 	up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
374 	flush_tlb_mm(oldmm);
375 	up_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
376 	return retval;
377 fail_nomem_policy:
378 	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, tmp);
379 fail_nomem:
380 	retval = -ENOMEM;
381 	vm_unacct_memory(charge);
382 	goto out;
383 }
384 
385 static inline int mm_alloc_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
386 {
387 	mm->pgd = pgd_alloc(mm);
388 	if (unlikely(!mm->pgd))
389 		return -ENOMEM;
390 	return 0;
391 }
392 
393 static inline void mm_free_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
394 {
395 	pgd_free(mm, mm->pgd);
396 }
397 #else
398 #define dup_mmap(mm, oldmm)	(0)
399 #define mm_alloc_pgd(mm)	(0)
400 #define mm_free_pgd(mm)
401 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
402 
403 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mmlist_lock);
404 
405 #define allocate_mm()	(kmem_cache_alloc(mm_cachep, GFP_KERNEL))
406 #define free_mm(mm)	(kmem_cache_free(mm_cachep, (mm)))
407 
408 static unsigned long default_dump_filter = MMF_DUMP_FILTER_DEFAULT;
409 
410 static int __init coredump_filter_setup(char *s)
411 {
412 	default_dump_filter =
413 		(simple_strtoul(s, NULL, 0) << MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT) &
414 		MMF_DUMP_FILTER_MASK;
415 	return 1;
416 }
417 
418 __setup("coredump_filter=", coredump_filter_setup);
419 
420 #include <linux/init_task.h>
421 
422 static struct mm_struct * mm_init(struct mm_struct * mm, struct task_struct *p)
423 {
424 	atomic_set(&mm->mm_users, 1);
425 	atomic_set(&mm->mm_count, 1);
426 	init_rwsem(&mm->mmap_sem);
427 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->mmlist);
428 	mm->flags = (current->mm) ? current->mm->flags : default_dump_filter;
429 	mm->core_state = NULL;
430 	mm->nr_ptes = 0;
431 	set_mm_counter(mm, file_rss, 0);
432 	set_mm_counter(mm, anon_rss, 0);
433 	spin_lock_init(&mm->page_table_lock);
434 	spin_lock_init(&mm->ioctx_lock);
435 	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&mm->ioctx_list);
436 	mm->free_area_cache = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
437 	mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
438 	mm_init_owner(mm, p);
439 
440 	if (likely(!mm_alloc_pgd(mm))) {
441 		mm->def_flags = 0;
442 		mmu_notifier_mm_init(mm);
443 		return mm;
444 	}
445 
446 	free_mm(mm);
447 	return NULL;
448 }
449 
450 /*
451  * Allocate and initialize an mm_struct.
452  */
453 struct mm_struct * mm_alloc(void)
454 {
455 	struct mm_struct * mm;
456 
457 	mm = allocate_mm();
458 	if (mm) {
459 		memset(mm, 0, sizeof(*mm));
460 		mm = mm_init(mm, current);
461 	}
462 	return mm;
463 }
464 
465 /*
466  * Called when the last reference to the mm
467  * is dropped: either by a lazy thread or by
468  * mmput. Free the page directory and the mm.
469  */
470 void __mmdrop(struct mm_struct *mm)
471 {
472 	BUG_ON(mm == &init_mm);
473 	mm_free_pgd(mm);
474 	destroy_context(mm);
475 	mmu_notifier_mm_destroy(mm);
476 	free_mm(mm);
477 }
478 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mmdrop);
479 
480 /*
481  * Decrement the use count and release all resources for an mm.
482  */
483 void mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
484 {
485 	might_sleep();
486 
487 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
488 		exit_aio(mm);
489 		exit_mmap(mm);
490 		set_mm_exe_file(mm, NULL);
491 		if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
492 			spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
493 			list_del(&mm->mmlist);
494 			spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
495 		}
496 		put_swap_token(mm);
497 		mmdrop(mm);
498 	}
499 }
500 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput);
501 
502 /**
503  * get_task_mm - acquire a reference to the task's mm
504  *
505  * Returns %NULL if the task has no mm.  Checks PF_KTHREAD (meaning
506  * this kernel workthread has transiently adopted a user mm with use_mm,
507  * to do its AIO) is not set and if so returns a reference to it, after
508  * bumping up the use count.  User must release the mm via mmput()
509  * after use.  Typically used by /proc and ptrace.
510  */
511 struct mm_struct *get_task_mm(struct task_struct *task)
512 {
513 	struct mm_struct *mm;
514 
515 	task_lock(task);
516 	mm = task->mm;
517 	if (mm) {
518 		if (task->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
519 			mm = NULL;
520 		else
521 			atomic_inc(&mm->mm_users);
522 	}
523 	task_unlock(task);
524 	return mm;
525 }
526 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_task_mm);
527 
528 /* Please note the differences between mmput and mm_release.
529  * mmput is called whenever we stop holding onto a mm_struct,
530  * error success whatever.
531  *
532  * mm_release is called after a mm_struct has been removed
533  * from the current process.
534  *
535  * This difference is important for error handling, when we
536  * only half set up a mm_struct for a new process and need to restore
537  * the old one.  Because we mmput the new mm_struct before
538  * restoring the old one. . .
539  * Eric Biederman 10 January 1998
540  */
541 void mm_release(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
542 {
543 	struct completion *vfork_done = tsk->vfork_done;
544 
545 	/* Get rid of any futexes when releasing the mm */
546 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
547 	if (unlikely(tsk->robust_list))
548 		exit_robust_list(tsk);
549 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
550 	if (unlikely(tsk->compat_robust_list))
551 		compat_exit_robust_list(tsk);
552 #endif
553 #endif
554 
555 	/* Get rid of any cached register state */
556 	deactivate_mm(tsk, mm);
557 
558 	/* notify parent sleeping on vfork() */
559 	if (vfork_done) {
560 		tsk->vfork_done = NULL;
561 		complete(vfork_done);
562 	}
563 
564 	/*
565 	 * If we're exiting normally, clear a user-space tid field if
566 	 * requested.  We leave this alone when dying by signal, to leave
567 	 * the value intact in a core dump, and to save the unnecessary
568 	 * trouble otherwise.  Userland only wants this done for a sys_exit.
569 	 */
570 	if (tsk->clear_child_tid
571 	    && !(tsk->flags & PF_SIGNALED)
572 	    && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1) {
573 		u32 __user * tidptr = tsk->clear_child_tid;
574 		tsk->clear_child_tid = NULL;
575 
576 		/*
577 		 * We don't check the error code - if userspace has
578 		 * not set up a proper pointer then tough luck.
579 		 */
580 		put_user(0, tidptr);
581 		sys_futex(tidptr, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);
582 	}
583 }
584 
585 /*
586  * Allocate a new mm structure and copy contents from the
587  * mm structure of the passed in task structure.
588  */
589 struct mm_struct *dup_mm(struct task_struct *tsk)
590 {
591 	struct mm_struct *mm, *oldmm = current->mm;
592 	int err;
593 
594 	if (!oldmm)
595 		return NULL;
596 
597 	mm = allocate_mm();
598 	if (!mm)
599 		goto fail_nomem;
600 
601 	memcpy(mm, oldmm, sizeof(*mm));
602 
603 	/* Initializing for Swap token stuff */
604 	mm->token_priority = 0;
605 	mm->last_interval = 0;
606 
607 	if (!mm_init(mm, tsk))
608 		goto fail_nomem;
609 
610 	if (init_new_context(tsk, mm))
611 		goto fail_nocontext;
612 
613 	dup_mm_exe_file(oldmm, mm);
614 
615 	err = dup_mmap(mm, oldmm);
616 	if (err)
617 		goto free_pt;
618 
619 	mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
620 	mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
621 
622 	return mm;
623 
624 free_pt:
625 	mmput(mm);
626 
627 fail_nomem:
628 	return NULL;
629 
630 fail_nocontext:
631 	/*
632 	 * If init_new_context() failed, we cannot use mmput() to free the mm
633 	 * because it calls destroy_context()
634 	 */
635 	mm_free_pgd(mm);
636 	free_mm(mm);
637 	return NULL;
638 }
639 
640 static int copy_mm(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
641 {
642 	struct mm_struct * mm, *oldmm;
643 	int retval;
644 
645 	tsk->min_flt = tsk->maj_flt = 0;
646 	tsk->nvcsw = tsk->nivcsw = 0;
647 
648 	tsk->mm = NULL;
649 	tsk->active_mm = NULL;
650 
651 	/*
652 	 * Are we cloning a kernel thread?
653 	 *
654 	 * We need to steal a active VM for that..
655 	 */
656 	oldmm = current->mm;
657 	if (!oldmm)
658 		return 0;
659 
660 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) {
661 		atomic_inc(&oldmm->mm_users);
662 		mm = oldmm;
663 		goto good_mm;
664 	}
665 
666 	retval = -ENOMEM;
667 	mm = dup_mm(tsk);
668 	if (!mm)
669 		goto fail_nomem;
670 
671 good_mm:
672 	/* Initializing for Swap token stuff */
673 	mm->token_priority = 0;
674 	mm->last_interval = 0;
675 
676 	tsk->mm = mm;
677 	tsk->active_mm = mm;
678 	return 0;
679 
680 fail_nomem:
681 	return retval;
682 }
683 
684 static struct fs_struct *__copy_fs_struct(struct fs_struct *old)
685 {
686 	struct fs_struct *fs = kmem_cache_alloc(fs_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
687 	/* We don't need to lock fs - think why ;-) */
688 	if (fs) {
689 		atomic_set(&fs->count, 1);
690 		rwlock_init(&fs->lock);
691 		fs->umask = old->umask;
692 		read_lock(&old->lock);
693 		fs->root = old->root;
694 		path_get(&old->root);
695 		fs->pwd = old->pwd;
696 		path_get(&old->pwd);
697 		read_unlock(&old->lock);
698 	}
699 	return fs;
700 }
701 
702 struct fs_struct *copy_fs_struct(struct fs_struct *old)
703 {
704 	return __copy_fs_struct(old);
705 }
706 
707 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(copy_fs_struct);
708 
709 static int copy_fs(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
710 {
711 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_FS) {
712 		atomic_inc(&current->fs->count);
713 		return 0;
714 	}
715 	tsk->fs = __copy_fs_struct(current->fs);
716 	if (!tsk->fs)
717 		return -ENOMEM;
718 	return 0;
719 }
720 
721 static int copy_files(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
722 {
723 	struct files_struct *oldf, *newf;
724 	int error = 0;
725 
726 	/*
727 	 * A background process may not have any files ...
728 	 */
729 	oldf = current->files;
730 	if (!oldf)
731 		goto out;
732 
733 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_FILES) {
734 		atomic_inc(&oldf->count);
735 		goto out;
736 	}
737 
738 	newf = dup_fd(oldf, &error);
739 	if (!newf)
740 		goto out;
741 
742 	tsk->files = newf;
743 	error = 0;
744 out:
745 	return error;
746 }
747 
748 static int copy_io(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
749 {
750 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
751 	struct io_context *ioc = current->io_context;
752 
753 	if (!ioc)
754 		return 0;
755 	/*
756 	 * Share io context with parent, if CLONE_IO is set
757 	 */
758 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_IO) {
759 		tsk->io_context = ioc_task_link(ioc);
760 		if (unlikely(!tsk->io_context))
761 			return -ENOMEM;
762 	} else if (ioprio_valid(ioc->ioprio)) {
763 		tsk->io_context = alloc_io_context(GFP_KERNEL, -1);
764 		if (unlikely(!tsk->io_context))
765 			return -ENOMEM;
766 
767 		tsk->io_context->ioprio = ioc->ioprio;
768 	}
769 #endif
770 	return 0;
771 }
772 
773 static int copy_sighand(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
774 {
775 	struct sighand_struct *sig;
776 
777 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) {
778 		atomic_inc(&current->sighand->count);
779 		return 0;
780 	}
781 	sig = kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
782 	rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->sighand, sig);
783 	if (!sig)
784 		return -ENOMEM;
785 	atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
786 	memcpy(sig->action, current->sighand->action, sizeof(sig->action));
787 	return 0;
788 }
789 
790 void __cleanup_sighand(struct sighand_struct *sighand)
791 {
792 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sighand->count))
793 		kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, sighand);
794 }
795 
796 
797 /*
798  * Initialize POSIX timer handling for a thread group.
799  */
800 static void posix_cpu_timers_init_group(struct signal_struct *sig)
801 {
802 	/* Thread group counters. */
803 	thread_group_cputime_init(sig);
804 
805 	/* Expiration times and increments. */
806 	sig->it_virt_expires = cputime_zero;
807 	sig->it_virt_incr = cputime_zero;
808 	sig->it_prof_expires = cputime_zero;
809 	sig->it_prof_incr = cputime_zero;
810 
811 	/* Cached expiration times. */
812 	sig->cputime_expires.prof_exp = cputime_zero;
813 	sig->cputime_expires.virt_exp = cputime_zero;
814 	sig->cputime_expires.sched_exp = 0;
815 
816 	/* The timer lists. */
817 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[0]);
818 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[1]);
819 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[2]);
820 }
821 
822 static int copy_signal(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
823 {
824 	struct signal_struct *sig;
825 
826 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
827 		atomic_inc(&current->signal->count);
828 		atomic_inc(&current->signal->live);
829 		return 0;
830 	}
831 	sig = kmem_cache_alloc(signal_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
832 
833 	if (sig)
834 		posix_cpu_timers_init_group(sig);
835 
836 	tsk->signal = sig;
837 	if (!sig)
838 		return -ENOMEM;
839 
840 	atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
841 	atomic_set(&sig->live, 1);
842 	init_waitqueue_head(&sig->wait_chldexit);
843 	sig->flags = 0;
844 	sig->group_exit_code = 0;
845 	sig->group_exit_task = NULL;
846 	sig->group_stop_count = 0;
847 	sig->curr_target = tsk;
848 	init_sigpending(&sig->shared_pending);
849 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->posix_timers);
850 
851 	hrtimer_init(&sig->real_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
852 	sig->it_real_incr.tv64 = 0;
853 	sig->real_timer.function = it_real_fn;
854 
855 	sig->leader = 0;	/* session leadership doesn't inherit */
856 	sig->tty_old_pgrp = NULL;
857 	sig->tty = NULL;
858 
859 	sig->utime = sig->stime = sig->cutime = sig->cstime = cputime_zero;
860 	sig->gtime = cputime_zero;
861 	sig->cgtime = cputime_zero;
862 	sig->nvcsw = sig->nivcsw = sig->cnvcsw = sig->cnivcsw = 0;
863 	sig->min_flt = sig->maj_flt = sig->cmin_flt = sig->cmaj_flt = 0;
864 	sig->inblock = sig->oublock = sig->cinblock = sig->coublock = 0;
865 	task_io_accounting_init(&sig->ioac);
866 	sig->sum_sched_runtime = 0;
867 	taskstats_tgid_init(sig);
868 
869 	task_lock(current->group_leader);
870 	memcpy(sig->rlim, current->signal->rlim, sizeof sig->rlim);
871 	task_unlock(current->group_leader);
872 
873 	acct_init_pacct(&sig->pacct);
874 
875 	tty_audit_fork(sig);
876 
877 	return 0;
878 }
879 
880 void __cleanup_signal(struct signal_struct *sig)
881 {
882 	thread_group_cputime_free(sig);
883 	tty_kref_put(sig->tty);
884 	kmem_cache_free(signal_cachep, sig);
885 }
886 
887 static void cleanup_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
888 {
889 	struct signal_struct *sig = tsk->signal;
890 
891 	atomic_dec(&sig->live);
892 
893 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sig->count))
894 		__cleanup_signal(sig);
895 }
896 
897 static void copy_flags(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
898 {
899 	unsigned long new_flags = p->flags;
900 
901 	new_flags &= ~PF_SUPERPRIV;
902 	new_flags |= PF_FORKNOEXEC;
903 	new_flags |= PF_STARTING;
904 	p->flags = new_flags;
905 	clear_freeze_flag(p);
906 }
907 
908 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(set_tid_address, int __user *, tidptr)
909 {
910 	current->clear_child_tid = tidptr;
911 
912 	return task_pid_vnr(current);
913 }
914 
915 static void rt_mutex_init_task(struct task_struct *p)
916 {
917 	spin_lock_init(&p->pi_lock);
918 #ifdef CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES
919 	plist_head_init(&p->pi_waiters, &p->pi_lock);
920 	p->pi_blocked_on = NULL;
921 #endif
922 }
923 
924 #ifdef CONFIG_MM_OWNER
925 void mm_init_owner(struct mm_struct *mm, struct task_struct *p)
926 {
927 	mm->owner = p;
928 }
929 #endif /* CONFIG_MM_OWNER */
930 
931 /*
932  * Initialize POSIX timer handling for a single task.
933  */
934 static void posix_cpu_timers_init(struct task_struct *tsk)
935 {
936 	tsk->cputime_expires.prof_exp = cputime_zero;
937 	tsk->cputime_expires.virt_exp = cputime_zero;
938 	tsk->cputime_expires.sched_exp = 0;
939 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[0]);
940 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[1]);
941 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[2]);
942 }
943 
944 /*
945  * This creates a new process as a copy of the old one,
946  * but does not actually start it yet.
947  *
948  * It copies the registers, and all the appropriate
949  * parts of the process environment (as per the clone
950  * flags). The actual kick-off is left to the caller.
951  */
952 static struct task_struct *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
953 					unsigned long stack_start,
954 					struct pt_regs *regs,
955 					unsigned long stack_size,
956 					int __user *child_tidptr,
957 					struct pid *pid,
958 					int trace)
959 {
960 	int retval;
961 	struct task_struct *p;
962 	int cgroup_callbacks_done = 0;
963 
964 	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS))
965 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
966 
967 	/*
968 	 * Thread groups must share signals as well, and detached threads
969 	 * can only be started up within the thread group.
970 	 */
971 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND))
972 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
973 
974 	/*
975 	 * Shared signal handlers imply shared VM. By way of the above,
976 	 * thread groups also imply shared VM. Blocking this case allows
977 	 * for various simplifications in other code.
978 	 */
979 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM))
980 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
981 
982 	retval = security_task_create(clone_flags);
983 	if (retval)
984 		goto fork_out;
985 
986 	retval = -ENOMEM;
987 	p = dup_task_struct(current);
988 	if (!p)
989 		goto fork_out;
990 
991 	rt_mutex_init_task(p);
992 
993 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
994 	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->hardirqs_enabled);
995 	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->softirqs_enabled);
996 #endif
997 	retval = -EAGAIN;
998 	if (atomic_read(&p->real_cred->user->processes) >=
999 			p->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur) {
1000 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) &&
1001 		    p->real_cred->user != INIT_USER)
1002 			goto bad_fork_free;
1003 	}
1004 
1005 	retval = copy_creds(p, clone_flags);
1006 	if (retval < 0)
1007 		goto bad_fork_free;
1008 
1009 	/*
1010 	 * If multiple threads are within copy_process(), then this check
1011 	 * triggers too late. This doesn't hurt, the check is only there
1012 	 * to stop root fork bombs.
1013 	 */
1014 	retval = -EAGAIN;
1015 	if (nr_threads >= max_threads)
1016 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
1017 
1018 	if (!try_module_get(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module))
1019 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
1020 
1021 	if (p->binfmt && !try_module_get(p->binfmt->module))
1022 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain;
1023 
1024 	p->did_exec = 0;
1025 	delayacct_tsk_init(p);	/* Must remain after dup_task_struct() */
1026 	copy_flags(clone_flags, p);
1027 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->children);
1028 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->sibling);
1029 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
1030 	p->rcu_read_lock_nesting = 0;
1031 	p->rcu_flipctr_idx = 0;
1032 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
1033 	p->vfork_done = NULL;
1034 	spin_lock_init(&p->alloc_lock);
1035 
1036 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1037 	init_sigpending(&p->pending);
1038 
1039 	p->utime = cputime_zero;
1040 	p->stime = cputime_zero;
1041 	p->gtime = cputime_zero;
1042 	p->utimescaled = cputime_zero;
1043 	p->stimescaled = cputime_zero;
1044 	p->prev_utime = cputime_zero;
1045 	p->prev_stime = cputime_zero;
1046 
1047 	p->default_timer_slack_ns = current->timer_slack_ns;
1048 
1049 #ifdef CONFIG_DETECT_SOFTLOCKUP
1050 	p->last_switch_count = 0;
1051 	p->last_switch_timestamp = 0;
1052 #endif
1053 
1054 	task_io_accounting_init(&p->ioac);
1055 	acct_clear_integrals(p);
1056 
1057 	posix_cpu_timers_init(p);
1058 
1059 	p->lock_depth = -1;		/* -1 = no lock */
1060 	do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime(&p->start_time);
1061 	p->real_start_time = p->start_time;
1062 	monotonic_to_bootbased(&p->real_start_time);
1063 	p->io_context = NULL;
1064 	p->audit_context = NULL;
1065 	cgroup_fork(p);
1066 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1067 	p->mempolicy = mpol_dup(p->mempolicy);
1068  	if (IS_ERR(p->mempolicy)) {
1069  		retval = PTR_ERR(p->mempolicy);
1070  		p->mempolicy = NULL;
1071  		goto bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup;
1072  	}
1073 	mpol_fix_fork_child_flag(p);
1074 #endif
1075 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
1076 	p->irq_events = 0;
1077 #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW
1078 	p->hardirqs_enabled = 1;
1079 #else
1080 	p->hardirqs_enabled = 0;
1081 #endif
1082 	p->hardirq_enable_ip = 0;
1083 	p->hardirq_enable_event = 0;
1084 	p->hardirq_disable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
1085 	p->hardirq_disable_event = 0;
1086 	p->softirqs_enabled = 1;
1087 	p->softirq_enable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
1088 	p->softirq_enable_event = 0;
1089 	p->softirq_disable_ip = 0;
1090 	p->softirq_disable_event = 0;
1091 	p->hardirq_context = 0;
1092 	p->softirq_context = 0;
1093 #endif
1094 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
1095 	p->lockdep_depth = 0; /* no locks held yet */
1096 	p->curr_chain_key = 0;
1097 	p->lockdep_recursion = 0;
1098 #endif
1099 
1100 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
1101 	p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
1102 #endif
1103 	if (unlikely(current->ptrace))
1104 		ptrace_fork(p, clone_flags);
1105 
1106 	/* Perform scheduler related setup. Assign this task to a CPU. */
1107 	sched_fork(p, clone_flags);
1108 
1109 	if ((retval = audit_alloc(p)))
1110 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
1111 	/* copy all the process information */
1112 	if ((retval = copy_semundo(clone_flags, p)))
1113 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_audit;
1114 	if ((retval = copy_files(clone_flags, p)))
1115 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_semundo;
1116 	if ((retval = copy_fs(clone_flags, p)))
1117 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_files;
1118 	if ((retval = copy_sighand(clone_flags, p)))
1119 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_fs;
1120 	if ((retval = copy_signal(clone_flags, p)))
1121 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_sighand;
1122 	if ((retval = copy_mm(clone_flags, p)))
1123 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_signal;
1124 	if ((retval = copy_namespaces(clone_flags, p)))
1125 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_mm;
1126 	if ((retval = copy_io(clone_flags, p)))
1127 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces;
1128 	retval = copy_thread(0, clone_flags, stack_start, stack_size, p, regs);
1129 	if (retval)
1130 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
1131 
1132 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid) {
1133 		retval = -ENOMEM;
1134 		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
1135 		if (!pid)
1136 			goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
1137 
1138 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) {
1139 			retval = pid_ns_prepare_proc(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
1140 			if (retval < 0)
1141 				goto bad_fork_free_pid;
1142 		}
1143 	}
1144 
1145 	ftrace_graph_init_task(p);
1146 
1147 	p->pid = pid_nr(pid);
1148 	p->tgid = p->pid;
1149 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1150 		p->tgid = current->tgid;
1151 
1152 	if (current->nsproxy != p->nsproxy) {
1153 		retval = ns_cgroup_clone(p, pid);
1154 		if (retval)
1155 			goto bad_fork_free_graph;
1156 	}
1157 
1158 	p->set_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_SETTID) ? child_tidptr : NULL;
1159 	/*
1160 	 * Clear TID on mm_release()?
1161 	 */
1162 	p->clear_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID) ? child_tidptr: NULL;
1163 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
1164 	p->robust_list = NULL;
1165 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1166 	p->compat_robust_list = NULL;
1167 #endif
1168 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->pi_state_list);
1169 	p->pi_state_cache = NULL;
1170 #endif
1171 	/*
1172 	 * sigaltstack should be cleared when sharing the same VM
1173 	 */
1174 	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM|CLONE_VFORK)) == CLONE_VM)
1175 		p->sas_ss_sp = p->sas_ss_size = 0;
1176 
1177 	/*
1178 	 * Syscall tracing should be turned off in the child regardless
1179 	 * of CLONE_PTRACE.
1180 	 */
1181 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);
1182 #ifdef TIF_SYSCALL_EMU
1183 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
1184 #endif
1185 	clear_all_latency_tracing(p);
1186 
1187 	/* ok, now we should be set up.. */
1188 	p->exit_signal = (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) ? -1 : (clone_flags & CSIGNAL);
1189 	p->pdeath_signal = 0;
1190 	p->exit_state = 0;
1191 
1192 	/*
1193 	 * Ok, make it visible to the rest of the system.
1194 	 * We dont wake it up yet.
1195 	 */
1196 	p->group_leader = p;
1197 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->thread_group);
1198 
1199 	/* Now that the task is set up, run cgroup callbacks if
1200 	 * necessary. We need to run them before the task is visible
1201 	 * on the tasklist. */
1202 	cgroup_fork_callbacks(p);
1203 	cgroup_callbacks_done = 1;
1204 
1205 	/* Need tasklist lock for parent etc handling! */
1206 	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1207 
1208 	/*
1209 	 * The task hasn't been attached yet, so its cpus_allowed mask will
1210 	 * not be changed, nor will its assigned CPU.
1211 	 *
1212 	 * The cpus_allowed mask of the parent may have changed after it was
1213 	 * copied first time - so re-copy it here, then check the child's CPU
1214 	 * to ensure it is on a valid CPU (and if not, just force it back to
1215 	 * parent's CPU). This avoids alot of nasty races.
1216 	 */
1217 	p->cpus_allowed = current->cpus_allowed;
1218 	p->rt.nr_cpus_allowed = current->rt.nr_cpus_allowed;
1219 	if (unlikely(!cpu_isset(task_cpu(p), p->cpus_allowed) ||
1220 			!cpu_online(task_cpu(p))))
1221 		set_task_cpu(p, smp_processor_id());
1222 
1223 	/* CLONE_PARENT re-uses the old parent */
1224 	if (clone_flags & (CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_THREAD)) {
1225 		p->real_parent = current->real_parent;
1226 		p->parent_exec_id = current->parent_exec_id;
1227 	} else {
1228 		p->real_parent = current;
1229 		p->parent_exec_id = current->self_exec_id;
1230 	}
1231 
1232 	spin_lock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1233 
1234 	/*
1235 	 * Process group and session signals need to be delivered to just the
1236 	 * parent before the fork or both the parent and the child after the
1237 	 * fork. Restart if a signal comes in before we add the new process to
1238 	 * it's process group.
1239 	 * A fatal signal pending means that current will exit, so the new
1240 	 * thread can't slip out of an OOM kill (or normal SIGKILL).
1241  	 */
1242 	recalc_sigpending();
1243 	if (signal_pending(current)) {
1244 		spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1245 		write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1246 		retval = -ERESTARTNOINTR;
1247 		goto bad_fork_free_graph;
1248 	}
1249 
1250 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
1251 		p->group_leader = current->group_leader;
1252 		list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_group, &p->group_leader->thread_group);
1253 	}
1254 
1255 	if (likely(p->pid)) {
1256 		list_add_tail(&p->sibling, &p->real_parent->children);
1257 		tracehook_finish_clone(p, clone_flags, trace);
1258 
1259 		if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
1260 			if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID)
1261 				p->nsproxy->pid_ns->child_reaper = p;
1262 
1263 			p->signal->leader_pid = pid;
1264 			tty_kref_put(p->signal->tty);
1265 			p->signal->tty = tty_kref_get(current->signal->tty);
1266 			set_task_pgrp(p, task_pgrp_nr(current));
1267 			set_task_session(p, task_session_nr(current));
1268 			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, task_pgrp(current));
1269 			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, task_session(current));
1270 			list_add_tail_rcu(&p->tasks, &init_task.tasks);
1271 			__get_cpu_var(process_counts)++;
1272 		}
1273 		attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, pid);
1274 		nr_threads++;
1275 	}
1276 
1277 	total_forks++;
1278 	spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1279 	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1280 	proc_fork_connector(p);
1281 	cgroup_post_fork(p);
1282 	return p;
1283 
1284 bad_fork_free_graph:
1285 	ftrace_graph_exit_task(p);
1286 bad_fork_free_pid:
1287 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid)
1288 		free_pid(pid);
1289 bad_fork_cleanup_io:
1290 	put_io_context(p->io_context);
1291 bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces:
1292 	exit_task_namespaces(p);
1293 bad_fork_cleanup_mm:
1294 	if (p->mm)
1295 		mmput(p->mm);
1296 bad_fork_cleanup_signal:
1297 	cleanup_signal(p);
1298 bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:
1299 	__cleanup_sighand(p->sighand);
1300 bad_fork_cleanup_fs:
1301 	exit_fs(p); /* blocking */
1302 bad_fork_cleanup_files:
1303 	exit_files(p); /* blocking */
1304 bad_fork_cleanup_semundo:
1305 	exit_sem(p);
1306 bad_fork_cleanup_audit:
1307 	audit_free(p);
1308 bad_fork_cleanup_policy:
1309 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1310 	mpol_put(p->mempolicy);
1311 bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup:
1312 #endif
1313 	cgroup_exit(p, cgroup_callbacks_done);
1314 	delayacct_tsk_free(p);
1315 	if (p->binfmt)
1316 		module_put(p->binfmt->module);
1317 bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain:
1318 	module_put(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module);
1319 bad_fork_cleanup_count:
1320 	atomic_dec(&p->cred->user->processes);
1321 	put_cred(p->real_cred);
1322 	put_cred(p->cred);
1323 bad_fork_free:
1324 	free_task(p);
1325 fork_out:
1326 	return ERR_PTR(retval);
1327 }
1328 
1329 noinline struct pt_regs * __cpuinit __attribute__((weak)) idle_regs(struct pt_regs *regs)
1330 {
1331 	memset(regs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
1332 	return regs;
1333 }
1334 
1335 struct task_struct * __cpuinit fork_idle(int cpu)
1336 {
1337 	struct task_struct *task;
1338 	struct pt_regs regs;
1339 
1340 	task = copy_process(CLONE_VM, 0, idle_regs(&regs), 0, NULL,
1341 			    &init_struct_pid, 0);
1342 	if (!IS_ERR(task))
1343 		init_idle(task, cpu);
1344 
1345 	return task;
1346 }
1347 
1348 /*
1349  *  Ok, this is the main fork-routine.
1350  *
1351  * It copies the process, and if successful kick-starts
1352  * it and waits for it to finish using the VM if required.
1353  */
1354 long do_fork(unsigned long clone_flags,
1355 	      unsigned long stack_start,
1356 	      struct pt_regs *regs,
1357 	      unsigned long stack_size,
1358 	      int __user *parent_tidptr,
1359 	      int __user *child_tidptr)
1360 {
1361 	struct task_struct *p;
1362 	int trace = 0;
1363 	long nr;
1364 
1365 	/*
1366 	 * Do some preliminary argument and permissions checking before we
1367 	 * actually start allocating stuff
1368 	 */
1369 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWUSER) {
1370 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1371 			return -EINVAL;
1372 		/* hopefully this check will go away when userns support is
1373 		 * complete
1374 		 */
1375 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || !capable(CAP_SETUID) ||
1376 				!capable(CAP_SETGID))
1377 			return -EPERM;
1378 	}
1379 
1380 	/*
1381 	 * We hope to recycle these flags after 2.6.26
1382 	 */
1383 	if (unlikely(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1384 		static int __read_mostly count = 100;
1385 
1386 		if (count > 0 && printk_ratelimit()) {
1387 			char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN];
1388 
1389 			count--;
1390 			printk(KERN_INFO "fork(): process `%s' used deprecated "
1391 					"clone flags 0x%lx\n",
1392 				get_task_comm(comm, current),
1393 				clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED);
1394 		}
1395 	}
1396 
1397 	/*
1398 	 * When called from kernel_thread, don't do user tracing stuff.
1399 	 */
1400 	if (likely(user_mode(regs)))
1401 		trace = tracehook_prepare_clone(clone_flags);
1402 
1403 	p = copy_process(clone_flags, stack_start, regs, stack_size,
1404 			 child_tidptr, NULL, trace);
1405 	/*
1406 	 * Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
1407 	 * might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
1408 	 */
1409 	if (!IS_ERR(p)) {
1410 		struct completion vfork;
1411 
1412 		trace_sched_process_fork(current, p);
1413 
1414 		nr = task_pid_vnr(p);
1415 
1416 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
1417 			put_user(nr, parent_tidptr);
1418 
1419 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1420 			p->vfork_done = &vfork;
1421 			init_completion(&vfork);
1422 		}
1423 
1424 		audit_finish_fork(p);
1425 		tracehook_report_clone(trace, regs, clone_flags, nr, p);
1426 
1427 		/*
1428 		 * We set PF_STARTING at creation in case tracing wants to
1429 		 * use this to distinguish a fully live task from one that
1430 		 * hasn't gotten to tracehook_report_clone() yet.  Now we
1431 		 * clear it and set the child going.
1432 		 */
1433 		p->flags &= ~PF_STARTING;
1434 
1435 		if (unlikely(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1436 			/*
1437 			 * We'll start up with an immediate SIGSTOP.
1438 			 */
1439 			sigaddset(&p->pending.signal, SIGSTOP);
1440 			set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1441 			__set_task_state(p, TASK_STOPPED);
1442 		} else {
1443 			wake_up_new_task(p, clone_flags);
1444 		}
1445 
1446 		tracehook_report_clone_complete(trace, regs,
1447 						clone_flags, nr, p);
1448 
1449 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1450 			freezer_do_not_count();
1451 			wait_for_completion(&vfork);
1452 			freezer_count();
1453 			tracehook_report_vfork_done(p, nr);
1454 		}
1455 	} else {
1456 		nr = PTR_ERR(p);
1457 	}
1458 	return nr;
1459 }
1460 
1461 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN
1462 #define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN 0
1463 #endif
1464 
1465 static void sighand_ctor(void *data)
1466 {
1467 	struct sighand_struct *sighand = data;
1468 
1469 	spin_lock_init(&sighand->siglock);
1470 	init_waitqueue_head(&sighand->signalfd_wqh);
1471 }
1472 
1473 void __init proc_caches_init(void)
1474 {
1475 	sighand_cachep = kmem_cache_create("sighand_cache",
1476 			sizeof(struct sighand_struct), 0,
1477 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU,
1478 			sighand_ctor);
1479 	signal_cachep = kmem_cache_create("signal_cache",
1480 			sizeof(struct signal_struct), 0,
1481 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1482 	files_cachep = kmem_cache_create("files_cache",
1483 			sizeof(struct files_struct), 0,
1484 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1485 	fs_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fs_cache",
1486 			sizeof(struct fs_struct), 0,
1487 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1488 	mm_cachep = kmem_cache_create("mm_struct",
1489 			sizeof(struct mm_struct), ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN,
1490 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1491 	mmap_init();
1492 }
1493 
1494 /*
1495  * Check constraints on flags passed to the unshare system call and
1496  * force unsharing of additional process context as appropriate.
1497  */
1498 static void check_unshare_flags(unsigned long *flags_ptr)
1499 {
1500 	/*
1501 	 * If unsharing a thread from a thread group, must also
1502 	 * unshare vm.
1503 	 */
1504 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_THREAD)
1505 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_VM;
1506 
1507 	/*
1508 	 * If unsharing vm, must also unshare signal handlers.
1509 	 */
1510 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_VM)
1511 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_SIGHAND;
1512 
1513 	/*
1514 	 * If unsharing signal handlers and the task was created
1515 	 * using CLONE_THREAD, then must unshare the thread
1516 	 */
1517 	if ((*flags_ptr & CLONE_SIGHAND) &&
1518 	    (atomic_read(&current->signal->count) > 1))
1519 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_THREAD;
1520 
1521 	/*
1522 	 * If unsharing namespace, must also unshare filesystem information.
1523 	 */
1524 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_NEWNS)
1525 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_FS;
1526 }
1527 
1528 /*
1529  * Unsharing of tasks created with CLONE_THREAD is not supported yet
1530  */
1531 static int unshare_thread(unsigned long unshare_flags)
1532 {
1533 	if (unshare_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1534 		return -EINVAL;
1535 
1536 	return 0;
1537 }
1538 
1539 /*
1540  * Unshare the filesystem structure if it is being shared
1541  */
1542 static int unshare_fs(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct fs_struct **new_fsp)
1543 {
1544 	struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
1545 
1546 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FS) &&
1547 	    (fs && atomic_read(&fs->count) > 1)) {
1548 		*new_fsp = __copy_fs_struct(current->fs);
1549 		if (!*new_fsp)
1550 			return -ENOMEM;
1551 	}
1552 
1553 	return 0;
1554 }
1555 
1556 /*
1557  * Unsharing of sighand is not supported yet
1558  */
1559 static int unshare_sighand(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct sighand_struct **new_sighp)
1560 {
1561 	struct sighand_struct *sigh = current->sighand;
1562 
1563 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && atomic_read(&sigh->count) > 1)
1564 		return -EINVAL;
1565 	else
1566 		return 0;
1567 }
1568 
1569 /*
1570  * Unshare vm if it is being shared
1571  */
1572 static int unshare_vm(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct mm_struct **new_mmp)
1573 {
1574 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
1575 
1576 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_VM) &&
1577 	    (mm && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1)) {
1578 		return -EINVAL;
1579 	}
1580 
1581 	return 0;
1582 }
1583 
1584 /*
1585  * Unshare file descriptor table if it is being shared
1586  */
1587 static int unshare_fd(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct files_struct **new_fdp)
1588 {
1589 	struct files_struct *fd = current->files;
1590 	int error = 0;
1591 
1592 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FILES) &&
1593 	    (fd && atomic_read(&fd->count) > 1)) {
1594 		*new_fdp = dup_fd(fd, &error);
1595 		if (!*new_fdp)
1596 			return error;
1597 	}
1598 
1599 	return 0;
1600 }
1601 
1602 /*
1603  * unshare allows a process to 'unshare' part of the process
1604  * context which was originally shared using clone.  copy_*
1605  * functions used by do_fork() cannot be used here directly
1606  * because they modify an inactive task_struct that is being
1607  * constructed. Here we are modifying the current, active,
1608  * task_struct.
1609  */
1610 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(unshare, unsigned long, unshare_flags)
1611 {
1612 	int err = 0;
1613 	struct fs_struct *fs, *new_fs = NULL;
1614 	struct sighand_struct *new_sigh = NULL;
1615 	struct mm_struct *mm, *new_mm = NULL, *active_mm = NULL;
1616 	struct files_struct *fd, *new_fd = NULL;
1617 	struct nsproxy *new_nsproxy = NULL;
1618 	int do_sysvsem = 0;
1619 
1620 	check_unshare_flags(&unshare_flags);
1621 
1622 	/* Return -EINVAL for all unsupported flags */
1623 	err = -EINVAL;
1624 	if (unshare_flags & ~(CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_FS|CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_SIGHAND|
1625 				CLONE_VM|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SYSVSEM|
1626 				CLONE_NEWUTS|CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWNET))
1627 		goto bad_unshare_out;
1628 
1629 	/*
1630 	 * CLONE_NEWIPC must also detach from the undolist: after switching
1631 	 * to a new ipc namespace, the semaphore arrays from the old
1632 	 * namespace are unreachable.
1633 	 */
1634 	if (unshare_flags & (CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_SYSVSEM))
1635 		do_sysvsem = 1;
1636 	if ((err = unshare_thread(unshare_flags)))
1637 		goto bad_unshare_out;
1638 	if ((err = unshare_fs(unshare_flags, &new_fs)))
1639 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_thread;
1640 	if ((err = unshare_sighand(unshare_flags, &new_sigh)))
1641 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fs;
1642 	if ((err = unshare_vm(unshare_flags, &new_mm)))
1643 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh;
1644 	if ((err = unshare_fd(unshare_flags, &new_fd)))
1645 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_vm;
1646 	if ((err = unshare_nsproxy_namespaces(unshare_flags, &new_nsproxy,
1647 			new_fs)))
1648 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fd;
1649 
1650 	if (new_fs ||  new_mm || new_fd || do_sysvsem || new_nsproxy) {
1651 		if (do_sysvsem) {
1652 			/*
1653 			 * CLONE_SYSVSEM is equivalent to sys_exit().
1654 			 */
1655 			exit_sem(current);
1656 		}
1657 
1658 		if (new_nsproxy) {
1659 			switch_task_namespaces(current, new_nsproxy);
1660 			new_nsproxy = NULL;
1661 		}
1662 
1663 		task_lock(current);
1664 
1665 		if (new_fs) {
1666 			fs = current->fs;
1667 			current->fs = new_fs;
1668 			new_fs = fs;
1669 		}
1670 
1671 		if (new_mm) {
1672 			mm = current->mm;
1673 			active_mm = current->active_mm;
1674 			current->mm = new_mm;
1675 			current->active_mm = new_mm;
1676 			activate_mm(active_mm, new_mm);
1677 			new_mm = mm;
1678 		}
1679 
1680 		if (new_fd) {
1681 			fd = current->files;
1682 			current->files = new_fd;
1683 			new_fd = fd;
1684 		}
1685 
1686 		task_unlock(current);
1687 	}
1688 
1689 	if (new_nsproxy)
1690 		put_nsproxy(new_nsproxy);
1691 
1692 bad_unshare_cleanup_fd:
1693 	if (new_fd)
1694 		put_files_struct(new_fd);
1695 
1696 bad_unshare_cleanup_vm:
1697 	if (new_mm)
1698 		mmput(new_mm);
1699 
1700 bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh:
1701 	if (new_sigh)
1702 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&new_sigh->count))
1703 			kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, new_sigh);
1704 
1705 bad_unshare_cleanup_fs:
1706 	if (new_fs)
1707 		put_fs_struct(new_fs);
1708 
1709 bad_unshare_cleanup_thread:
1710 bad_unshare_out:
1711 	return err;
1712 }
1713 
1714 /*
1715  *	Helper to unshare the files of the current task.
1716  *	We don't want to expose copy_files internals to
1717  *	the exec layer of the kernel.
1718  */
1719 
1720 int unshare_files(struct files_struct **displaced)
1721 {
1722 	struct task_struct *task = current;
1723 	struct files_struct *copy = NULL;
1724 	int error;
1725 
1726 	error = unshare_fd(CLONE_FILES, &copy);
1727 	if (error || !copy) {
1728 		*displaced = NULL;
1729 		return error;
1730 	}
1731 	*displaced = task->files;
1732 	task_lock(task);
1733 	task->files = copy;
1734 	task_unlock(task);
1735 	return 0;
1736 }
1737