xref: /openbmc/linux/kernel/fork.c (revision 0464ac9ebd90cfd5792d3c1158af848281b7eb09)
1 /*
2  *  linux/kernel/fork.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
5  */
6 
7 /*
8  *  'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call
9  * (see also entry.S and others).
10  * Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory
11  * management can be a bitch. See 'mm/memory.c': 'copy_page_range()'
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/unistd.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
19 #include <linux/completion.h>
20 #include <linux/mnt_namespace.h>
21 #include <linux/personality.h>
22 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
23 #include <linux/sem.h>
24 #include <linux/file.h>
25 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
26 #include <linux/iocontext.h>
27 #include <linux/key.h>
28 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
29 #include <linux/mman.h>
30 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
31 #include <linux/fs.h>
32 #include <linux/nsproxy.h>
33 #include <linux/capability.h>
34 #include <linux/cpu.h>
35 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
36 #include <linux/security.h>
37 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
38 #include <linux/swap.h>
39 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
40 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
41 #include <linux/tracehook.h>
42 #include <linux/futex.h>
43 #include <linux/compat.h>
44 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
45 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
46 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
47 #include <linux/mount.h>
48 #include <linux/audit.h>
49 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
50 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
51 #include <linux/profile.h>
52 #include <linux/rmap.h>
53 #include <linux/acct.h>
54 #include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
55 #include <linux/cn_proc.h>
56 #include <linux/freezer.h>
57 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
58 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
59 #include <linux/random.h>
60 #include <linux/tty.h>
61 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
62 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
63 #include <trace/sched.h>
64 
65 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
66 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
67 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
68 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
69 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
70 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
71 
72 /*
73  * Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock)
74  */
75 unsigned long total_forks;	/* Handle normal Linux uptimes. */
76 int nr_threads; 		/* The idle threads do not count.. */
77 
78 int max_threads;		/* tunable limit on nr_threads */
79 
80 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, process_counts) = 0;
81 
82 __cacheline_aligned DEFINE_RWLOCK(tasklist_lock);  /* outer */
83 
84 DEFINE_TRACE(sched_process_fork);
85 
86 int nr_processes(void)
87 {
88 	int cpu;
89 	int total = 0;
90 
91 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
92 		total += per_cpu(process_counts, cpu);
93 
94 	return total;
95 }
96 
97 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
98 # define alloc_task_struct()	kmem_cache_alloc(task_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL)
99 # define free_task_struct(tsk)	kmem_cache_free(task_struct_cachep, (tsk))
100 static struct kmem_cache *task_struct_cachep;
101 #endif
102 
103 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_THREAD_INFO_ALLOCATOR
104 static inline struct thread_info *alloc_thread_info(struct task_struct *tsk)
105 {
106 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
107 	gfp_t mask = GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO;
108 #else
109 	gfp_t mask = GFP_KERNEL;
110 #endif
111 	return (struct thread_info *)__get_free_pages(mask, THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
112 }
113 
114 static inline void free_thread_info(struct thread_info *ti)
115 {
116 	free_pages((unsigned long)ti, THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
117 }
118 #endif
119 
120 /* SLAB cache for signal_struct structures (tsk->signal) */
121 static struct kmem_cache *signal_cachep;
122 
123 /* SLAB cache for sighand_struct structures (tsk->sighand) */
124 struct kmem_cache *sighand_cachep;
125 
126 /* SLAB cache for files_struct structures (tsk->files) */
127 struct kmem_cache *files_cachep;
128 
129 /* SLAB cache for fs_struct structures (tsk->fs) */
130 struct kmem_cache *fs_cachep;
131 
132 /* SLAB cache for vm_area_struct structures */
133 struct kmem_cache *vm_area_cachep;
134 
135 /* SLAB cache for mm_struct structures (tsk->mm) */
136 static struct kmem_cache *mm_cachep;
137 
138 void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk)
139 {
140 	prop_local_destroy_single(&tsk->dirties);
141 	free_thread_info(tsk->stack);
142 	rt_mutex_debug_task_free(tsk);
143 	ftrace_graph_exit_task(tsk);
144 	free_task_struct(tsk);
145 }
146 EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_task);
147 
148 void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
149 {
150 	WARN_ON(!tsk->exit_state);
151 	WARN_ON(atomic_read(&tsk->usage));
152 	WARN_ON(tsk == current);
153 
154 	put_cred(tsk->real_cred);
155 	put_cred(tsk->cred);
156 	delayacct_tsk_free(tsk);
157 
158 	if (!profile_handoff_task(tsk))
159 		free_task(tsk);
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * macro override instead of weak attribute alias, to workaround
164  * gcc 4.1.0 and 4.1.1 bugs with weak attribute and empty functions.
165  */
166 #ifndef arch_task_cache_init
167 #define arch_task_cache_init()
168 #endif
169 
170 void __init fork_init(unsigned long mempages)
171 {
172 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
173 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN
174 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN	L1_CACHE_BYTES
175 #endif
176 	/* create a slab on which task_structs can be allocated */
177 	task_struct_cachep =
178 		kmem_cache_create("task_struct", sizeof(struct task_struct),
179 			ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN, SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
180 #endif
181 
182 	/* do the arch specific task caches init */
183 	arch_task_cache_init();
184 
185 	/*
186 	 * The default maximum number of threads is set to a safe
187 	 * value: the thread structures can take up at most half
188 	 * of memory.
189 	 */
190 	max_threads = mempages / (8 * THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
191 
192 	/*
193 	 * we need to allow at least 20 threads to boot a system
194 	 */
195 	if(max_threads < 20)
196 		max_threads = 20;
197 
198 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = max_threads/2;
199 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = max_threads/2;
200 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] =
201 		init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC];
202 }
203 
204 int __attribute__((weak)) arch_dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *dst,
205 					       struct task_struct *src)
206 {
207 	*dst = *src;
208 	return 0;
209 }
210 
211 static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig)
212 {
213 	struct task_struct *tsk;
214 	struct thread_info *ti;
215 	int err;
216 
217 	prepare_to_copy(orig);
218 
219 	tsk = alloc_task_struct();
220 	if (!tsk)
221 		return NULL;
222 
223 	ti = alloc_thread_info(tsk);
224 	if (!ti) {
225 		free_task_struct(tsk);
226 		return NULL;
227 	}
228 
229  	err = arch_dup_task_struct(tsk, orig);
230 	if (err)
231 		goto out;
232 
233 	tsk->stack = ti;
234 
235 	err = prop_local_init_single(&tsk->dirties);
236 	if (err)
237 		goto out;
238 
239 	setup_thread_stack(tsk, orig);
240 
241 #ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
242 	tsk->stack_canary = get_random_int();
243 #endif
244 
245 	/* One for us, one for whoever does the "release_task()" (usually parent) */
246 	atomic_set(&tsk->usage,2);
247 	atomic_set(&tsk->fs_excl, 0);
248 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE
249 	tsk->btrace_seq = 0;
250 #endif
251 	tsk->splice_pipe = NULL;
252 	return tsk;
253 
254 out:
255 	free_thread_info(ti);
256 	free_task_struct(tsk);
257 	return NULL;
258 }
259 
260 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
261 static int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
262 {
263 	struct vm_area_struct *mpnt, *tmp, **pprev;
264 	struct rb_node **rb_link, *rb_parent;
265 	int retval;
266 	unsigned long charge;
267 	struct mempolicy *pol;
268 
269 	down_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
270 	flush_cache_dup_mm(oldmm);
271 	/*
272 	 * Not linked in yet - no deadlock potential:
273 	 */
274 	down_write_nested(&mm->mmap_sem, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
275 
276 	mm->locked_vm = 0;
277 	mm->mmap = NULL;
278 	mm->mmap_cache = NULL;
279 	mm->free_area_cache = oldmm->mmap_base;
280 	mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
281 	mm->map_count = 0;
282 	cpus_clear(mm->cpu_vm_mask);
283 	mm->mm_rb = RB_ROOT;
284 	rb_link = &mm->mm_rb.rb_node;
285 	rb_parent = NULL;
286 	pprev = &mm->mmap;
287 
288 	for (mpnt = oldmm->mmap; mpnt; mpnt = mpnt->vm_next) {
289 		struct file *file;
290 
291 		if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_DONTCOPY) {
292 			long pages = vma_pages(mpnt);
293 			mm->total_vm -= pages;
294 			vm_stat_account(mm, mpnt->vm_flags, mpnt->vm_file,
295 								-pages);
296 			continue;
297 		}
298 		charge = 0;
299 		if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_ACCOUNT) {
300 			unsigned int len = (mpnt->vm_end - mpnt->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
301 			if (security_vm_enough_memory(len))
302 				goto fail_nomem;
303 			charge = len;
304 		}
305 		tmp = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
306 		if (!tmp)
307 			goto fail_nomem;
308 		*tmp = *mpnt;
309 		pol = mpol_dup(vma_policy(mpnt));
310 		retval = PTR_ERR(pol);
311 		if (IS_ERR(pol))
312 			goto fail_nomem_policy;
313 		vma_set_policy(tmp, pol);
314 		tmp->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCKED;
315 		tmp->vm_mm = mm;
316 		tmp->vm_next = NULL;
317 		anon_vma_link(tmp);
318 		file = tmp->vm_file;
319 		if (file) {
320 			struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
321 			struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
322 
323 			get_file(file);
324 			if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_DENYWRITE)
325 				atomic_dec(&inode->i_writecount);
326 			spin_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
327 			if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
328 				mapping->i_mmap_writable++;
329 			tmp->vm_truncate_count = mpnt->vm_truncate_count;
330 			flush_dcache_mmap_lock(mapping);
331 			/* insert tmp into the share list, just after mpnt */
332 			vma_prio_tree_add(tmp, mpnt);
333 			flush_dcache_mmap_unlock(mapping);
334 			spin_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
335 		}
336 
337 		/*
338 		 * Clear hugetlb-related page reserves for children. This only
339 		 * affects MAP_PRIVATE mappings. Faults generated by the child
340 		 * are not guaranteed to succeed, even if read-only
341 		 */
342 		if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(tmp))
343 			reset_vma_resv_huge_pages(tmp);
344 
345 		/*
346 		 * Link in the new vma and copy the page table entries.
347 		 */
348 		*pprev = tmp;
349 		pprev = &tmp->vm_next;
350 
351 		__vma_link_rb(mm, tmp, rb_link, rb_parent);
352 		rb_link = &tmp->vm_rb.rb_right;
353 		rb_parent = &tmp->vm_rb;
354 
355 		mm->map_count++;
356 		retval = copy_page_range(mm, oldmm, mpnt);
357 
358 		if (tmp->vm_ops && tmp->vm_ops->open)
359 			tmp->vm_ops->open(tmp);
360 
361 		if (retval)
362 			goto out;
363 	}
364 	/* a new mm has just been created */
365 	arch_dup_mmap(oldmm, mm);
366 	retval = 0;
367 out:
368 	up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
369 	flush_tlb_mm(oldmm);
370 	up_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
371 	return retval;
372 fail_nomem_policy:
373 	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, tmp);
374 fail_nomem:
375 	retval = -ENOMEM;
376 	vm_unacct_memory(charge);
377 	goto out;
378 }
379 
380 static inline int mm_alloc_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
381 {
382 	mm->pgd = pgd_alloc(mm);
383 	if (unlikely(!mm->pgd))
384 		return -ENOMEM;
385 	return 0;
386 }
387 
388 static inline void mm_free_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
389 {
390 	pgd_free(mm, mm->pgd);
391 }
392 #else
393 #define dup_mmap(mm, oldmm)	(0)
394 #define mm_alloc_pgd(mm)	(0)
395 #define mm_free_pgd(mm)
396 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
397 
398 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mmlist_lock);
399 
400 #define allocate_mm()	(kmem_cache_alloc(mm_cachep, GFP_KERNEL))
401 #define free_mm(mm)	(kmem_cache_free(mm_cachep, (mm)))
402 
403 static unsigned long default_dump_filter = MMF_DUMP_FILTER_DEFAULT;
404 
405 static int __init coredump_filter_setup(char *s)
406 {
407 	default_dump_filter =
408 		(simple_strtoul(s, NULL, 0) << MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT) &
409 		MMF_DUMP_FILTER_MASK;
410 	return 1;
411 }
412 
413 __setup("coredump_filter=", coredump_filter_setup);
414 
415 #include <linux/init_task.h>
416 
417 static struct mm_struct * mm_init(struct mm_struct * mm, struct task_struct *p)
418 {
419 	atomic_set(&mm->mm_users, 1);
420 	atomic_set(&mm->mm_count, 1);
421 	init_rwsem(&mm->mmap_sem);
422 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->mmlist);
423 	mm->flags = (current->mm) ? current->mm->flags : default_dump_filter;
424 	mm->core_state = NULL;
425 	mm->nr_ptes = 0;
426 	set_mm_counter(mm, file_rss, 0);
427 	set_mm_counter(mm, anon_rss, 0);
428 	spin_lock_init(&mm->page_table_lock);
429 	spin_lock_init(&mm->ioctx_lock);
430 	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&mm->ioctx_list);
431 	mm->free_area_cache = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
432 	mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
433 	mm_init_owner(mm, p);
434 
435 	if (likely(!mm_alloc_pgd(mm))) {
436 		mm->def_flags = 0;
437 		mmu_notifier_mm_init(mm);
438 		return mm;
439 	}
440 
441 	free_mm(mm);
442 	return NULL;
443 }
444 
445 /*
446  * Allocate and initialize an mm_struct.
447  */
448 struct mm_struct * mm_alloc(void)
449 {
450 	struct mm_struct * mm;
451 
452 	mm = allocate_mm();
453 	if (mm) {
454 		memset(mm, 0, sizeof(*mm));
455 		mm = mm_init(mm, current);
456 	}
457 	return mm;
458 }
459 
460 /*
461  * Called when the last reference to the mm
462  * is dropped: either by a lazy thread or by
463  * mmput. Free the page directory and the mm.
464  */
465 void __mmdrop(struct mm_struct *mm)
466 {
467 	BUG_ON(mm == &init_mm);
468 	mm_free_pgd(mm);
469 	destroy_context(mm);
470 	mmu_notifier_mm_destroy(mm);
471 	free_mm(mm);
472 }
473 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mmdrop);
474 
475 /*
476  * Decrement the use count and release all resources for an mm.
477  */
478 void mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
479 {
480 	might_sleep();
481 
482 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
483 		exit_aio(mm);
484 		exit_mmap(mm);
485 		set_mm_exe_file(mm, NULL);
486 		if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
487 			spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
488 			list_del(&mm->mmlist);
489 			spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
490 		}
491 		put_swap_token(mm);
492 		mmdrop(mm);
493 	}
494 }
495 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput);
496 
497 /**
498  * get_task_mm - acquire a reference to the task's mm
499  *
500  * Returns %NULL if the task has no mm.  Checks PF_KTHREAD (meaning
501  * this kernel workthread has transiently adopted a user mm with use_mm,
502  * to do its AIO) is not set and if so returns a reference to it, after
503  * bumping up the use count.  User must release the mm via mmput()
504  * after use.  Typically used by /proc and ptrace.
505  */
506 struct mm_struct *get_task_mm(struct task_struct *task)
507 {
508 	struct mm_struct *mm;
509 
510 	task_lock(task);
511 	mm = task->mm;
512 	if (mm) {
513 		if (task->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
514 			mm = NULL;
515 		else
516 			atomic_inc(&mm->mm_users);
517 	}
518 	task_unlock(task);
519 	return mm;
520 }
521 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_task_mm);
522 
523 /* Please note the differences between mmput and mm_release.
524  * mmput is called whenever we stop holding onto a mm_struct,
525  * error success whatever.
526  *
527  * mm_release is called after a mm_struct has been removed
528  * from the current process.
529  *
530  * This difference is important for error handling, when we
531  * only half set up a mm_struct for a new process and need to restore
532  * the old one.  Because we mmput the new mm_struct before
533  * restoring the old one. . .
534  * Eric Biederman 10 January 1998
535  */
536 void mm_release(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
537 {
538 	struct completion *vfork_done = tsk->vfork_done;
539 
540 	/* Get rid of any futexes when releasing the mm */
541 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
542 	if (unlikely(tsk->robust_list))
543 		exit_robust_list(tsk);
544 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
545 	if (unlikely(tsk->compat_robust_list))
546 		compat_exit_robust_list(tsk);
547 #endif
548 #endif
549 
550 	/* Get rid of any cached register state */
551 	deactivate_mm(tsk, mm);
552 
553 	/* notify parent sleeping on vfork() */
554 	if (vfork_done) {
555 		tsk->vfork_done = NULL;
556 		complete(vfork_done);
557 	}
558 
559 	/*
560 	 * If we're exiting normally, clear a user-space tid field if
561 	 * requested.  We leave this alone when dying by signal, to leave
562 	 * the value intact in a core dump, and to save the unnecessary
563 	 * trouble otherwise.  Userland only wants this done for a sys_exit.
564 	 */
565 	if (tsk->clear_child_tid
566 	    && !(tsk->flags & PF_SIGNALED)
567 	    && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1) {
568 		u32 __user * tidptr = tsk->clear_child_tid;
569 		tsk->clear_child_tid = NULL;
570 
571 		/*
572 		 * We don't check the error code - if userspace has
573 		 * not set up a proper pointer then tough luck.
574 		 */
575 		put_user(0, tidptr);
576 		sys_futex(tidptr, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);
577 	}
578 }
579 
580 /*
581  * Allocate a new mm structure and copy contents from the
582  * mm structure of the passed in task structure.
583  */
584 struct mm_struct *dup_mm(struct task_struct *tsk)
585 {
586 	struct mm_struct *mm, *oldmm = current->mm;
587 	int err;
588 
589 	if (!oldmm)
590 		return NULL;
591 
592 	mm = allocate_mm();
593 	if (!mm)
594 		goto fail_nomem;
595 
596 	memcpy(mm, oldmm, sizeof(*mm));
597 
598 	/* Initializing for Swap token stuff */
599 	mm->token_priority = 0;
600 	mm->last_interval = 0;
601 
602 	if (!mm_init(mm, tsk))
603 		goto fail_nomem;
604 
605 	if (init_new_context(tsk, mm))
606 		goto fail_nocontext;
607 
608 	dup_mm_exe_file(oldmm, mm);
609 
610 	err = dup_mmap(mm, oldmm);
611 	if (err)
612 		goto free_pt;
613 
614 	mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
615 	mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
616 
617 	return mm;
618 
619 free_pt:
620 	mmput(mm);
621 
622 fail_nomem:
623 	return NULL;
624 
625 fail_nocontext:
626 	/*
627 	 * If init_new_context() failed, we cannot use mmput() to free the mm
628 	 * because it calls destroy_context()
629 	 */
630 	mm_free_pgd(mm);
631 	free_mm(mm);
632 	return NULL;
633 }
634 
635 static int copy_mm(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
636 {
637 	struct mm_struct * mm, *oldmm;
638 	int retval;
639 
640 	tsk->min_flt = tsk->maj_flt = 0;
641 	tsk->nvcsw = tsk->nivcsw = 0;
642 
643 	tsk->mm = NULL;
644 	tsk->active_mm = NULL;
645 
646 	/*
647 	 * Are we cloning a kernel thread?
648 	 *
649 	 * We need to steal a active VM for that..
650 	 */
651 	oldmm = current->mm;
652 	if (!oldmm)
653 		return 0;
654 
655 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) {
656 		atomic_inc(&oldmm->mm_users);
657 		mm = oldmm;
658 		goto good_mm;
659 	}
660 
661 	retval = -ENOMEM;
662 	mm = dup_mm(tsk);
663 	if (!mm)
664 		goto fail_nomem;
665 
666 good_mm:
667 	/* Initializing for Swap token stuff */
668 	mm->token_priority = 0;
669 	mm->last_interval = 0;
670 
671 	tsk->mm = mm;
672 	tsk->active_mm = mm;
673 	return 0;
674 
675 fail_nomem:
676 	return retval;
677 }
678 
679 static struct fs_struct *__copy_fs_struct(struct fs_struct *old)
680 {
681 	struct fs_struct *fs = kmem_cache_alloc(fs_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
682 	/* We don't need to lock fs - think why ;-) */
683 	if (fs) {
684 		atomic_set(&fs->count, 1);
685 		rwlock_init(&fs->lock);
686 		fs->umask = old->umask;
687 		read_lock(&old->lock);
688 		fs->root = old->root;
689 		path_get(&old->root);
690 		fs->pwd = old->pwd;
691 		path_get(&old->pwd);
692 		read_unlock(&old->lock);
693 	}
694 	return fs;
695 }
696 
697 struct fs_struct *copy_fs_struct(struct fs_struct *old)
698 {
699 	return __copy_fs_struct(old);
700 }
701 
702 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(copy_fs_struct);
703 
704 static int copy_fs(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
705 {
706 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_FS) {
707 		atomic_inc(&current->fs->count);
708 		return 0;
709 	}
710 	tsk->fs = __copy_fs_struct(current->fs);
711 	if (!tsk->fs)
712 		return -ENOMEM;
713 	return 0;
714 }
715 
716 static int copy_files(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
717 {
718 	struct files_struct *oldf, *newf;
719 	int error = 0;
720 
721 	/*
722 	 * A background process may not have any files ...
723 	 */
724 	oldf = current->files;
725 	if (!oldf)
726 		goto out;
727 
728 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_FILES) {
729 		atomic_inc(&oldf->count);
730 		goto out;
731 	}
732 
733 	newf = dup_fd(oldf, &error);
734 	if (!newf)
735 		goto out;
736 
737 	tsk->files = newf;
738 	error = 0;
739 out:
740 	return error;
741 }
742 
743 static int copy_io(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
744 {
745 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
746 	struct io_context *ioc = current->io_context;
747 
748 	if (!ioc)
749 		return 0;
750 	/*
751 	 * Share io context with parent, if CLONE_IO is set
752 	 */
753 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_IO) {
754 		tsk->io_context = ioc_task_link(ioc);
755 		if (unlikely(!tsk->io_context))
756 			return -ENOMEM;
757 	} else if (ioprio_valid(ioc->ioprio)) {
758 		tsk->io_context = alloc_io_context(GFP_KERNEL, -1);
759 		if (unlikely(!tsk->io_context))
760 			return -ENOMEM;
761 
762 		tsk->io_context->ioprio = ioc->ioprio;
763 	}
764 #endif
765 	return 0;
766 }
767 
768 static int copy_sighand(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
769 {
770 	struct sighand_struct *sig;
771 
772 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) {
773 		atomic_inc(&current->sighand->count);
774 		return 0;
775 	}
776 	sig = kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
777 	rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->sighand, sig);
778 	if (!sig)
779 		return -ENOMEM;
780 	atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
781 	memcpy(sig->action, current->sighand->action, sizeof(sig->action));
782 	return 0;
783 }
784 
785 void __cleanup_sighand(struct sighand_struct *sighand)
786 {
787 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sighand->count))
788 		kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, sighand);
789 }
790 
791 
792 /*
793  * Initialize POSIX timer handling for a thread group.
794  */
795 static void posix_cpu_timers_init_group(struct signal_struct *sig)
796 {
797 	/* Thread group counters. */
798 	thread_group_cputime_init(sig);
799 
800 	/* Expiration times and increments. */
801 	sig->it_virt_expires = cputime_zero;
802 	sig->it_virt_incr = cputime_zero;
803 	sig->it_prof_expires = cputime_zero;
804 	sig->it_prof_incr = cputime_zero;
805 
806 	/* Cached expiration times. */
807 	sig->cputime_expires.prof_exp = cputime_zero;
808 	sig->cputime_expires.virt_exp = cputime_zero;
809 	sig->cputime_expires.sched_exp = 0;
810 
811 	/* The timer lists. */
812 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[0]);
813 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[1]);
814 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[2]);
815 }
816 
817 static int copy_signal(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
818 {
819 	struct signal_struct *sig;
820 
821 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
822 		atomic_inc(&current->signal->count);
823 		atomic_inc(&current->signal->live);
824 		return 0;
825 	}
826 	sig = kmem_cache_alloc(signal_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
827 
828 	if (sig)
829 		posix_cpu_timers_init_group(sig);
830 
831 	tsk->signal = sig;
832 	if (!sig)
833 		return -ENOMEM;
834 
835 	atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
836 	atomic_set(&sig->live, 1);
837 	init_waitqueue_head(&sig->wait_chldexit);
838 	sig->flags = 0;
839 	sig->group_exit_code = 0;
840 	sig->group_exit_task = NULL;
841 	sig->group_stop_count = 0;
842 	sig->curr_target = tsk;
843 	init_sigpending(&sig->shared_pending);
844 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->posix_timers);
845 
846 	hrtimer_init(&sig->real_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
847 	sig->it_real_incr.tv64 = 0;
848 	sig->real_timer.function = it_real_fn;
849 
850 	sig->leader = 0;	/* session leadership doesn't inherit */
851 	sig->tty_old_pgrp = NULL;
852 	sig->tty = NULL;
853 
854 	sig->cutime = sig->cstime = cputime_zero;
855 	sig->gtime = cputime_zero;
856 	sig->cgtime = cputime_zero;
857 	sig->nvcsw = sig->nivcsw = sig->cnvcsw = sig->cnivcsw = 0;
858 	sig->min_flt = sig->maj_flt = sig->cmin_flt = sig->cmaj_flt = 0;
859 	sig->inblock = sig->oublock = sig->cinblock = sig->coublock = 0;
860 	task_io_accounting_init(&sig->ioac);
861 	taskstats_tgid_init(sig);
862 
863 	task_lock(current->group_leader);
864 	memcpy(sig->rlim, current->signal->rlim, sizeof sig->rlim);
865 	task_unlock(current->group_leader);
866 
867 	acct_init_pacct(&sig->pacct);
868 
869 	tty_audit_fork(sig);
870 
871 	return 0;
872 }
873 
874 void __cleanup_signal(struct signal_struct *sig)
875 {
876 	thread_group_cputime_free(sig);
877 	tty_kref_put(sig->tty);
878 	kmem_cache_free(signal_cachep, sig);
879 }
880 
881 static void cleanup_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
882 {
883 	struct signal_struct *sig = tsk->signal;
884 
885 	atomic_dec(&sig->live);
886 
887 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sig->count))
888 		__cleanup_signal(sig);
889 }
890 
891 static void copy_flags(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
892 {
893 	unsigned long new_flags = p->flags;
894 
895 	new_flags &= ~PF_SUPERPRIV;
896 	new_flags |= PF_FORKNOEXEC;
897 	new_flags |= PF_STARTING;
898 	p->flags = new_flags;
899 	clear_freeze_flag(p);
900 }
901 
902 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(set_tid_address, int __user *, tidptr)
903 {
904 	current->clear_child_tid = tidptr;
905 
906 	return task_pid_vnr(current);
907 }
908 
909 static void rt_mutex_init_task(struct task_struct *p)
910 {
911 	spin_lock_init(&p->pi_lock);
912 #ifdef CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES
913 	plist_head_init(&p->pi_waiters, &p->pi_lock);
914 	p->pi_blocked_on = NULL;
915 #endif
916 }
917 
918 #ifdef CONFIG_MM_OWNER
919 void mm_init_owner(struct mm_struct *mm, struct task_struct *p)
920 {
921 	mm->owner = p;
922 }
923 #endif /* CONFIG_MM_OWNER */
924 
925 /*
926  * Initialize POSIX timer handling for a single task.
927  */
928 static void posix_cpu_timers_init(struct task_struct *tsk)
929 {
930 	tsk->cputime_expires.prof_exp = cputime_zero;
931 	tsk->cputime_expires.virt_exp = cputime_zero;
932 	tsk->cputime_expires.sched_exp = 0;
933 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[0]);
934 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[1]);
935 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[2]);
936 }
937 
938 /*
939  * This creates a new process as a copy of the old one,
940  * but does not actually start it yet.
941  *
942  * It copies the registers, and all the appropriate
943  * parts of the process environment (as per the clone
944  * flags). The actual kick-off is left to the caller.
945  */
946 static struct task_struct *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
947 					unsigned long stack_start,
948 					struct pt_regs *regs,
949 					unsigned long stack_size,
950 					int __user *child_tidptr,
951 					struct pid *pid,
952 					int trace)
953 {
954 	int retval;
955 	struct task_struct *p;
956 	int cgroup_callbacks_done = 0;
957 
958 	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS))
959 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
960 
961 	/*
962 	 * Thread groups must share signals as well, and detached threads
963 	 * can only be started up within the thread group.
964 	 */
965 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND))
966 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
967 
968 	/*
969 	 * Shared signal handlers imply shared VM. By way of the above,
970 	 * thread groups also imply shared VM. Blocking this case allows
971 	 * for various simplifications in other code.
972 	 */
973 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM))
974 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
975 
976 	retval = security_task_create(clone_flags);
977 	if (retval)
978 		goto fork_out;
979 
980 	retval = -ENOMEM;
981 	p = dup_task_struct(current);
982 	if (!p)
983 		goto fork_out;
984 
985 	rt_mutex_init_task(p);
986 
987 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
988 	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->hardirqs_enabled);
989 	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->softirqs_enabled);
990 #endif
991 	retval = -EAGAIN;
992 	if (atomic_read(&p->real_cred->user->processes) >=
993 			p->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur) {
994 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) &&
995 		    p->real_cred->user != INIT_USER)
996 			goto bad_fork_free;
997 	}
998 
999 	retval = copy_creds(p, clone_flags);
1000 	if (retval < 0)
1001 		goto bad_fork_free;
1002 
1003 	/*
1004 	 * If multiple threads are within copy_process(), then this check
1005 	 * triggers too late. This doesn't hurt, the check is only there
1006 	 * to stop root fork bombs.
1007 	 */
1008 	if (nr_threads >= max_threads)
1009 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
1010 
1011 	if (!try_module_get(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module))
1012 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
1013 
1014 	if (p->binfmt && !try_module_get(p->binfmt->module))
1015 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain;
1016 
1017 	p->did_exec = 0;
1018 	delayacct_tsk_init(p);	/* Must remain after dup_task_struct() */
1019 	copy_flags(clone_flags, p);
1020 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->children);
1021 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->sibling);
1022 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
1023 	p->rcu_read_lock_nesting = 0;
1024 	p->rcu_flipctr_idx = 0;
1025 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
1026 	p->vfork_done = NULL;
1027 	spin_lock_init(&p->alloc_lock);
1028 
1029 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1030 	init_sigpending(&p->pending);
1031 
1032 	p->utime = cputime_zero;
1033 	p->stime = cputime_zero;
1034 	p->gtime = cputime_zero;
1035 	p->utimescaled = cputime_zero;
1036 	p->stimescaled = cputime_zero;
1037 	p->prev_utime = cputime_zero;
1038 	p->prev_stime = cputime_zero;
1039 
1040 	p->default_timer_slack_ns = current->timer_slack_ns;
1041 
1042 #ifdef CONFIG_DETECT_SOFTLOCKUP
1043 	p->last_switch_count = 0;
1044 	p->last_switch_timestamp = 0;
1045 #endif
1046 
1047 	task_io_accounting_init(&p->ioac);
1048 	acct_clear_integrals(p);
1049 
1050 	posix_cpu_timers_init(p);
1051 
1052 	p->lock_depth = -1;		/* -1 = no lock */
1053 	do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime(&p->start_time);
1054 	p->real_start_time = p->start_time;
1055 	monotonic_to_bootbased(&p->real_start_time);
1056 	p->io_context = NULL;
1057 	p->audit_context = NULL;
1058 	cgroup_fork(p);
1059 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1060 	p->mempolicy = mpol_dup(p->mempolicy);
1061  	if (IS_ERR(p->mempolicy)) {
1062  		retval = PTR_ERR(p->mempolicy);
1063  		p->mempolicy = NULL;
1064  		goto bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup;
1065  	}
1066 	mpol_fix_fork_child_flag(p);
1067 #endif
1068 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
1069 	p->irq_events = 0;
1070 #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW
1071 	p->hardirqs_enabled = 1;
1072 #else
1073 	p->hardirqs_enabled = 0;
1074 #endif
1075 	p->hardirq_enable_ip = 0;
1076 	p->hardirq_enable_event = 0;
1077 	p->hardirq_disable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
1078 	p->hardirq_disable_event = 0;
1079 	p->softirqs_enabled = 1;
1080 	p->softirq_enable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
1081 	p->softirq_enable_event = 0;
1082 	p->softirq_disable_ip = 0;
1083 	p->softirq_disable_event = 0;
1084 	p->hardirq_context = 0;
1085 	p->softirq_context = 0;
1086 #endif
1087 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
1088 	p->lockdep_depth = 0; /* no locks held yet */
1089 	p->curr_chain_key = 0;
1090 	p->lockdep_recursion = 0;
1091 #endif
1092 
1093 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
1094 	p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
1095 #endif
1096 	if (unlikely(ptrace_reparented(current)))
1097 		ptrace_fork(p, clone_flags);
1098 
1099 	/* Perform scheduler related setup. Assign this task to a CPU. */
1100 	sched_fork(p, clone_flags);
1101 
1102 	if ((retval = audit_alloc(p)))
1103 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
1104 	/* copy all the process information */
1105 	if ((retval = copy_semundo(clone_flags, p)))
1106 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_audit;
1107 	if ((retval = copy_files(clone_flags, p)))
1108 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_semundo;
1109 	if ((retval = copy_fs(clone_flags, p)))
1110 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_files;
1111 	if ((retval = copy_sighand(clone_flags, p)))
1112 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_fs;
1113 	if ((retval = copy_signal(clone_flags, p)))
1114 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_sighand;
1115 	if ((retval = copy_mm(clone_flags, p)))
1116 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_signal;
1117 	if ((retval = copy_namespaces(clone_flags, p)))
1118 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_mm;
1119 	if ((retval = copy_io(clone_flags, p)))
1120 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces;
1121 	retval = copy_thread(0, clone_flags, stack_start, stack_size, p, regs);
1122 	if (retval)
1123 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
1124 
1125 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid) {
1126 		retval = -ENOMEM;
1127 		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
1128 		if (!pid)
1129 			goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
1130 
1131 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) {
1132 			retval = pid_ns_prepare_proc(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
1133 			if (retval < 0)
1134 				goto bad_fork_free_pid;
1135 		}
1136 	}
1137 
1138 	ftrace_graph_init_task(p);
1139 
1140 	p->pid = pid_nr(pid);
1141 	p->tgid = p->pid;
1142 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1143 		p->tgid = current->tgid;
1144 
1145 	if (current->nsproxy != p->nsproxy) {
1146 		retval = ns_cgroup_clone(p, pid);
1147 		if (retval)
1148 			goto bad_fork_free_graph;
1149 	}
1150 
1151 	p->set_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_SETTID) ? child_tidptr : NULL;
1152 	/*
1153 	 * Clear TID on mm_release()?
1154 	 */
1155 	p->clear_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID) ? child_tidptr: NULL;
1156 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
1157 	p->robust_list = NULL;
1158 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1159 	p->compat_robust_list = NULL;
1160 #endif
1161 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->pi_state_list);
1162 	p->pi_state_cache = NULL;
1163 #endif
1164 	/*
1165 	 * sigaltstack should be cleared when sharing the same VM
1166 	 */
1167 	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM|CLONE_VFORK)) == CLONE_VM)
1168 		p->sas_ss_sp = p->sas_ss_size = 0;
1169 
1170 	/*
1171 	 * Syscall tracing should be turned off in the child regardless
1172 	 * of CLONE_PTRACE.
1173 	 */
1174 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);
1175 #ifdef TIF_SYSCALL_EMU
1176 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
1177 #endif
1178 	clear_all_latency_tracing(p);
1179 
1180 	/* Our parent execution domain becomes current domain
1181 	   These must match for thread signalling to apply */
1182 	p->parent_exec_id = p->self_exec_id;
1183 
1184 	/* ok, now we should be set up.. */
1185 	p->exit_signal = (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) ? -1 : (clone_flags & CSIGNAL);
1186 	p->pdeath_signal = 0;
1187 	p->exit_state = 0;
1188 
1189 	/*
1190 	 * Ok, make it visible to the rest of the system.
1191 	 * We dont wake it up yet.
1192 	 */
1193 	p->group_leader = p;
1194 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->thread_group);
1195 
1196 	/* Now that the task is set up, run cgroup callbacks if
1197 	 * necessary. We need to run them before the task is visible
1198 	 * on the tasklist. */
1199 	cgroup_fork_callbacks(p);
1200 	cgroup_callbacks_done = 1;
1201 
1202 	/* Need tasklist lock for parent etc handling! */
1203 	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1204 
1205 	/*
1206 	 * The task hasn't been attached yet, so its cpus_allowed mask will
1207 	 * not be changed, nor will its assigned CPU.
1208 	 *
1209 	 * The cpus_allowed mask of the parent may have changed after it was
1210 	 * copied first time - so re-copy it here, then check the child's CPU
1211 	 * to ensure it is on a valid CPU (and if not, just force it back to
1212 	 * parent's CPU). This avoids alot of nasty races.
1213 	 */
1214 	p->cpus_allowed = current->cpus_allowed;
1215 	p->rt.nr_cpus_allowed = current->rt.nr_cpus_allowed;
1216 	if (unlikely(!cpu_isset(task_cpu(p), p->cpus_allowed) ||
1217 			!cpu_online(task_cpu(p))))
1218 		set_task_cpu(p, smp_processor_id());
1219 
1220 	/* CLONE_PARENT re-uses the old parent */
1221 	if (clone_flags & (CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_THREAD))
1222 		p->real_parent = current->real_parent;
1223 	else
1224 		p->real_parent = current;
1225 
1226 	spin_lock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1227 
1228 	/*
1229 	 * Process group and session signals need to be delivered to just the
1230 	 * parent before the fork or both the parent and the child after the
1231 	 * fork. Restart if a signal comes in before we add the new process to
1232 	 * it's process group.
1233 	 * A fatal signal pending means that current will exit, so the new
1234 	 * thread can't slip out of an OOM kill (or normal SIGKILL).
1235  	 */
1236 	recalc_sigpending();
1237 	if (signal_pending(current)) {
1238 		spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1239 		write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1240 		retval = -ERESTARTNOINTR;
1241 		goto bad_fork_free_graph;
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
1245 		p->group_leader = current->group_leader;
1246 		list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_group, &p->group_leader->thread_group);
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	if (likely(p->pid)) {
1250 		list_add_tail(&p->sibling, &p->real_parent->children);
1251 		tracehook_finish_clone(p, clone_flags, trace);
1252 
1253 		if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
1254 			if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID)
1255 				p->nsproxy->pid_ns->child_reaper = p;
1256 
1257 			p->signal->leader_pid = pid;
1258 			tty_kref_put(p->signal->tty);
1259 			p->signal->tty = tty_kref_get(current->signal->tty);
1260 			set_task_pgrp(p, task_pgrp_nr(current));
1261 			set_task_session(p, task_session_nr(current));
1262 			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, task_pgrp(current));
1263 			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, task_session(current));
1264 			list_add_tail_rcu(&p->tasks, &init_task.tasks);
1265 			__get_cpu_var(process_counts)++;
1266 		}
1267 		attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, pid);
1268 		nr_threads++;
1269 	}
1270 
1271 	total_forks++;
1272 	spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1273 	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1274 	proc_fork_connector(p);
1275 	cgroup_post_fork(p);
1276 	return p;
1277 
1278 bad_fork_free_graph:
1279 	ftrace_graph_exit_task(p);
1280 bad_fork_free_pid:
1281 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid)
1282 		free_pid(pid);
1283 bad_fork_cleanup_io:
1284 	put_io_context(p->io_context);
1285 bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces:
1286 	exit_task_namespaces(p);
1287 bad_fork_cleanup_mm:
1288 	if (p->mm)
1289 		mmput(p->mm);
1290 bad_fork_cleanup_signal:
1291 	cleanup_signal(p);
1292 bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:
1293 	__cleanup_sighand(p->sighand);
1294 bad_fork_cleanup_fs:
1295 	exit_fs(p); /* blocking */
1296 bad_fork_cleanup_files:
1297 	exit_files(p); /* blocking */
1298 bad_fork_cleanup_semundo:
1299 	exit_sem(p);
1300 bad_fork_cleanup_audit:
1301 	audit_free(p);
1302 bad_fork_cleanup_policy:
1303 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1304 	mpol_put(p->mempolicy);
1305 bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup:
1306 #endif
1307 	cgroup_exit(p, cgroup_callbacks_done);
1308 	delayacct_tsk_free(p);
1309 	if (p->binfmt)
1310 		module_put(p->binfmt->module);
1311 bad_fork_cleanup_put_domain:
1312 	module_put(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module);
1313 bad_fork_cleanup_count:
1314 	atomic_dec(&p->cred->user->processes);
1315 	put_cred(p->real_cred);
1316 	put_cred(p->cred);
1317 bad_fork_free:
1318 	free_task(p);
1319 fork_out:
1320 	return ERR_PTR(retval);
1321 }
1322 
1323 noinline struct pt_regs * __cpuinit __attribute__((weak)) idle_regs(struct pt_regs *regs)
1324 {
1325 	memset(regs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
1326 	return regs;
1327 }
1328 
1329 struct task_struct * __cpuinit fork_idle(int cpu)
1330 {
1331 	struct task_struct *task;
1332 	struct pt_regs regs;
1333 
1334 	task = copy_process(CLONE_VM, 0, idle_regs(&regs), 0, NULL,
1335 			    &init_struct_pid, 0);
1336 	if (!IS_ERR(task))
1337 		init_idle(task, cpu);
1338 
1339 	return task;
1340 }
1341 
1342 /*
1343  *  Ok, this is the main fork-routine.
1344  *
1345  * It copies the process, and if successful kick-starts
1346  * it and waits for it to finish using the VM if required.
1347  */
1348 long do_fork(unsigned long clone_flags,
1349 	      unsigned long stack_start,
1350 	      struct pt_regs *regs,
1351 	      unsigned long stack_size,
1352 	      int __user *parent_tidptr,
1353 	      int __user *child_tidptr)
1354 {
1355 	struct task_struct *p;
1356 	int trace = 0;
1357 	long nr;
1358 
1359 	/*
1360 	 * Do some preliminary argument and permissions checking before we
1361 	 * actually start allocating stuff
1362 	 */
1363 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWUSER) {
1364 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1365 			return -EINVAL;
1366 		/* hopefully this check will go away when userns support is
1367 		 * complete
1368 		 */
1369 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || !capable(CAP_SETUID) ||
1370 				!capable(CAP_SETGID))
1371 			return -EPERM;
1372 	}
1373 
1374 	/*
1375 	 * We hope to recycle these flags after 2.6.26
1376 	 */
1377 	if (unlikely(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1378 		static int __read_mostly count = 100;
1379 
1380 		if (count > 0 && printk_ratelimit()) {
1381 			char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN];
1382 
1383 			count--;
1384 			printk(KERN_INFO "fork(): process `%s' used deprecated "
1385 					"clone flags 0x%lx\n",
1386 				get_task_comm(comm, current),
1387 				clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED);
1388 		}
1389 	}
1390 
1391 	/*
1392 	 * When called from kernel_thread, don't do user tracing stuff.
1393 	 */
1394 	if (likely(user_mode(regs)))
1395 		trace = tracehook_prepare_clone(clone_flags);
1396 
1397 	p = copy_process(clone_flags, stack_start, regs, stack_size,
1398 			 child_tidptr, NULL, trace);
1399 	/*
1400 	 * Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
1401 	 * might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
1402 	 */
1403 	if (!IS_ERR(p)) {
1404 		struct completion vfork;
1405 
1406 		trace_sched_process_fork(current, p);
1407 
1408 		nr = task_pid_vnr(p);
1409 
1410 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
1411 			put_user(nr, parent_tidptr);
1412 
1413 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1414 			p->vfork_done = &vfork;
1415 			init_completion(&vfork);
1416 		}
1417 
1418 		audit_finish_fork(p);
1419 		tracehook_report_clone(trace, regs, clone_flags, nr, p);
1420 
1421 		/*
1422 		 * We set PF_STARTING at creation in case tracing wants to
1423 		 * use this to distinguish a fully live task from one that
1424 		 * hasn't gotten to tracehook_report_clone() yet.  Now we
1425 		 * clear it and set the child going.
1426 		 */
1427 		p->flags &= ~PF_STARTING;
1428 
1429 		if (unlikely(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1430 			/*
1431 			 * We'll start up with an immediate SIGSTOP.
1432 			 */
1433 			sigaddset(&p->pending.signal, SIGSTOP);
1434 			set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1435 			__set_task_state(p, TASK_STOPPED);
1436 		} else {
1437 			wake_up_new_task(p, clone_flags);
1438 		}
1439 
1440 		tracehook_report_clone_complete(trace, regs,
1441 						clone_flags, nr, p);
1442 
1443 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1444 			freezer_do_not_count();
1445 			wait_for_completion(&vfork);
1446 			freezer_count();
1447 			tracehook_report_vfork_done(p, nr);
1448 		}
1449 	} else {
1450 		nr = PTR_ERR(p);
1451 	}
1452 	return nr;
1453 }
1454 
1455 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN
1456 #define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN 0
1457 #endif
1458 
1459 static void sighand_ctor(void *data)
1460 {
1461 	struct sighand_struct *sighand = data;
1462 
1463 	spin_lock_init(&sighand->siglock);
1464 	init_waitqueue_head(&sighand->signalfd_wqh);
1465 }
1466 
1467 void __init proc_caches_init(void)
1468 {
1469 	sighand_cachep = kmem_cache_create("sighand_cache",
1470 			sizeof(struct sighand_struct), 0,
1471 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU,
1472 			sighand_ctor);
1473 	signal_cachep = kmem_cache_create("signal_cache",
1474 			sizeof(struct signal_struct), 0,
1475 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1476 	files_cachep = kmem_cache_create("files_cache",
1477 			sizeof(struct files_struct), 0,
1478 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1479 	fs_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fs_cache",
1480 			sizeof(struct fs_struct), 0,
1481 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1482 	mm_cachep = kmem_cache_create("mm_struct",
1483 			sizeof(struct mm_struct), ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN,
1484 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);
1485 	mmap_init();
1486 }
1487 
1488 /*
1489  * Check constraints on flags passed to the unshare system call and
1490  * force unsharing of additional process context as appropriate.
1491  */
1492 static void check_unshare_flags(unsigned long *flags_ptr)
1493 {
1494 	/*
1495 	 * If unsharing a thread from a thread group, must also
1496 	 * unshare vm.
1497 	 */
1498 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_THREAD)
1499 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_VM;
1500 
1501 	/*
1502 	 * If unsharing vm, must also unshare signal handlers.
1503 	 */
1504 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_VM)
1505 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_SIGHAND;
1506 
1507 	/*
1508 	 * If unsharing signal handlers and the task was created
1509 	 * using CLONE_THREAD, then must unshare the thread
1510 	 */
1511 	if ((*flags_ptr & CLONE_SIGHAND) &&
1512 	    (atomic_read(&current->signal->count) > 1))
1513 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_THREAD;
1514 
1515 	/*
1516 	 * If unsharing namespace, must also unshare filesystem information.
1517 	 */
1518 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_NEWNS)
1519 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_FS;
1520 }
1521 
1522 /*
1523  * Unsharing of tasks created with CLONE_THREAD is not supported yet
1524  */
1525 static int unshare_thread(unsigned long unshare_flags)
1526 {
1527 	if (unshare_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1528 		return -EINVAL;
1529 
1530 	return 0;
1531 }
1532 
1533 /*
1534  * Unshare the filesystem structure if it is being shared
1535  */
1536 static int unshare_fs(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct fs_struct **new_fsp)
1537 {
1538 	struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
1539 
1540 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FS) &&
1541 	    (fs && atomic_read(&fs->count) > 1)) {
1542 		*new_fsp = __copy_fs_struct(current->fs);
1543 		if (!*new_fsp)
1544 			return -ENOMEM;
1545 	}
1546 
1547 	return 0;
1548 }
1549 
1550 /*
1551  * Unsharing of sighand is not supported yet
1552  */
1553 static int unshare_sighand(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct sighand_struct **new_sighp)
1554 {
1555 	struct sighand_struct *sigh = current->sighand;
1556 
1557 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && atomic_read(&sigh->count) > 1)
1558 		return -EINVAL;
1559 	else
1560 		return 0;
1561 }
1562 
1563 /*
1564  * Unshare vm if it is being shared
1565  */
1566 static int unshare_vm(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct mm_struct **new_mmp)
1567 {
1568 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
1569 
1570 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_VM) &&
1571 	    (mm && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1)) {
1572 		return -EINVAL;
1573 	}
1574 
1575 	return 0;
1576 }
1577 
1578 /*
1579  * Unshare file descriptor table if it is being shared
1580  */
1581 static int unshare_fd(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct files_struct **new_fdp)
1582 {
1583 	struct files_struct *fd = current->files;
1584 	int error = 0;
1585 
1586 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FILES) &&
1587 	    (fd && atomic_read(&fd->count) > 1)) {
1588 		*new_fdp = dup_fd(fd, &error);
1589 		if (!*new_fdp)
1590 			return error;
1591 	}
1592 
1593 	return 0;
1594 }
1595 
1596 /*
1597  * unshare allows a process to 'unshare' part of the process
1598  * context which was originally shared using clone.  copy_*
1599  * functions used by do_fork() cannot be used here directly
1600  * because they modify an inactive task_struct that is being
1601  * constructed. Here we are modifying the current, active,
1602  * task_struct.
1603  */
1604 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(unshare, unsigned long, unshare_flags)
1605 {
1606 	int err = 0;
1607 	struct fs_struct *fs, *new_fs = NULL;
1608 	struct sighand_struct *new_sigh = NULL;
1609 	struct mm_struct *mm, *new_mm = NULL, *active_mm = NULL;
1610 	struct files_struct *fd, *new_fd = NULL;
1611 	struct nsproxy *new_nsproxy = NULL;
1612 	int do_sysvsem = 0;
1613 
1614 	check_unshare_flags(&unshare_flags);
1615 
1616 	/* Return -EINVAL for all unsupported flags */
1617 	err = -EINVAL;
1618 	if (unshare_flags & ~(CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_FS|CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_SIGHAND|
1619 				CLONE_VM|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SYSVSEM|
1620 				CLONE_NEWUTS|CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWNET))
1621 		goto bad_unshare_out;
1622 
1623 	/*
1624 	 * CLONE_NEWIPC must also detach from the undolist: after switching
1625 	 * to a new ipc namespace, the semaphore arrays from the old
1626 	 * namespace are unreachable.
1627 	 */
1628 	if (unshare_flags & (CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_SYSVSEM))
1629 		do_sysvsem = 1;
1630 	if ((err = unshare_thread(unshare_flags)))
1631 		goto bad_unshare_out;
1632 	if ((err = unshare_fs(unshare_flags, &new_fs)))
1633 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_thread;
1634 	if ((err = unshare_sighand(unshare_flags, &new_sigh)))
1635 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fs;
1636 	if ((err = unshare_vm(unshare_flags, &new_mm)))
1637 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh;
1638 	if ((err = unshare_fd(unshare_flags, &new_fd)))
1639 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_vm;
1640 	if ((err = unshare_nsproxy_namespaces(unshare_flags, &new_nsproxy,
1641 			new_fs)))
1642 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fd;
1643 
1644 	if (new_fs ||  new_mm || new_fd || do_sysvsem || new_nsproxy) {
1645 		if (do_sysvsem) {
1646 			/*
1647 			 * CLONE_SYSVSEM is equivalent to sys_exit().
1648 			 */
1649 			exit_sem(current);
1650 		}
1651 
1652 		if (new_nsproxy) {
1653 			switch_task_namespaces(current, new_nsproxy);
1654 			new_nsproxy = NULL;
1655 		}
1656 
1657 		task_lock(current);
1658 
1659 		if (new_fs) {
1660 			fs = current->fs;
1661 			current->fs = new_fs;
1662 			new_fs = fs;
1663 		}
1664 
1665 		if (new_mm) {
1666 			mm = current->mm;
1667 			active_mm = current->active_mm;
1668 			current->mm = new_mm;
1669 			current->active_mm = new_mm;
1670 			activate_mm(active_mm, new_mm);
1671 			new_mm = mm;
1672 		}
1673 
1674 		if (new_fd) {
1675 			fd = current->files;
1676 			current->files = new_fd;
1677 			new_fd = fd;
1678 		}
1679 
1680 		task_unlock(current);
1681 	}
1682 
1683 	if (new_nsproxy)
1684 		put_nsproxy(new_nsproxy);
1685 
1686 bad_unshare_cleanup_fd:
1687 	if (new_fd)
1688 		put_files_struct(new_fd);
1689 
1690 bad_unshare_cleanup_vm:
1691 	if (new_mm)
1692 		mmput(new_mm);
1693 
1694 bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh:
1695 	if (new_sigh)
1696 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&new_sigh->count))
1697 			kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, new_sigh);
1698 
1699 bad_unshare_cleanup_fs:
1700 	if (new_fs)
1701 		put_fs_struct(new_fs);
1702 
1703 bad_unshare_cleanup_thread:
1704 bad_unshare_out:
1705 	return err;
1706 }
1707 
1708 /*
1709  *	Helper to unshare the files of the current task.
1710  *	We don't want to expose copy_files internals to
1711  *	the exec layer of the kernel.
1712  */
1713 
1714 int unshare_files(struct files_struct **displaced)
1715 {
1716 	struct task_struct *task = current;
1717 	struct files_struct *copy = NULL;
1718 	int error;
1719 
1720 	error = unshare_fd(CLONE_FILES, &copy);
1721 	if (error || !copy) {
1722 		*displaced = NULL;
1723 		return error;
1724 	}
1725 	*displaced = task->files;
1726 	task_lock(task);
1727 	task->files = copy;
1728 	task_unlock(task);
1729 	return 0;
1730 }
1731