1 /* 2 * layout.h - All NTFS associated on-disk structures. Part of the Linux-NTFS 3 * project. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 2001-2005 Anton Altaparmakov 6 * Copyright (c) 2002 Richard Russon 7 * 8 * This program/include file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 9 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published 10 * by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 11 * (at your option) any later version. 12 * 13 * This program/include file is distributed in the hope that it will be 14 * useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty 15 * of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 16 * GNU General Public License for more details. 17 * 18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 19 * along with this program (in the main directory of the Linux-NTFS 20 * distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software 21 * Foundation,Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA 22 */ 23 24 #ifndef _LINUX_NTFS_LAYOUT_H 25 #define _LINUX_NTFS_LAYOUT_H 26 27 #include <linux/types.h> 28 #include <linux/bitops.h> 29 #include <linux/list.h> 30 #include <asm/byteorder.h> 31 32 #include "types.h" 33 34 /* 35 * Constant endianness conversion defines. 36 */ 37 #define const_le16_to_cpu(x) __constant_le16_to_cpu(x) 38 #define const_le32_to_cpu(x) __constant_le32_to_cpu(x) 39 #define const_le64_to_cpu(x) __constant_le64_to_cpu(x) 40 41 #define const_cpu_to_le16(x) __constant_cpu_to_le16(x) 42 #define const_cpu_to_le32(x) __constant_cpu_to_le32(x) 43 #define const_cpu_to_le64(x) __constant_cpu_to_le64(x) 44 45 /* The NTFS oem_id "NTFS " */ 46 #define magicNTFS const_cpu_to_le64(0x202020205346544eULL) 47 48 /* 49 * Location of bootsector on partition: 50 * The standard NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR is on sector 0 of the partition. 51 * On NT4 and above there is one backup copy of the boot sector to 52 * be found on the last sector of the partition (not normally accessible 53 * from within Windows as the bootsector contained number of sectors 54 * value is one less than the actual value!). 55 * On versions of NT 3.51 and earlier, the backup copy was located at 56 * number of sectors/2 (integer divide), i.e. in the middle of the volume. 57 */ 58 59 /* 60 * BIOS parameter block (bpb) structure. 61 */ 62 typedef struct { 63 le16 bytes_per_sector; /* Size of a sector in bytes. */ 64 u8 sectors_per_cluster; /* Size of a cluster in sectors. */ 65 le16 reserved_sectors; /* zero */ 66 u8 fats; /* zero */ 67 le16 root_entries; /* zero */ 68 le16 sectors; /* zero */ 69 u8 media_type; /* 0xf8 = hard disk */ 70 le16 sectors_per_fat; /* zero */ 71 le16 sectors_per_track; /* irrelevant */ 72 le16 heads; /* irrelevant */ 73 le32 hidden_sectors; /* zero */ 74 le32 large_sectors; /* zero */ 75 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK; 76 77 /* 78 * NTFS boot sector structure. 79 */ 80 typedef struct { 81 u8 jump[3]; /* Irrelevant (jump to boot up code).*/ 82 le64 oem_id; /* Magic "NTFS ". */ 83 BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK bpb; /* See BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK. */ 84 u8 unused[4]; /* zero, NTFS diskedit.exe states that 85 this is actually: 86 __u8 physical_drive; // 0x80 87 __u8 current_head; // zero 88 __u8 extended_boot_signature; 89 // 0x80 90 __u8 unused; // zero 91 */ 92 /*0x28*/sle64 number_of_sectors; /* Number of sectors in volume. Gives 93 maximum volume size of 2^63 sectors. 94 Assuming standard sector size of 512 95 bytes, the maximum byte size is 96 approx. 4.7x10^21 bytes. (-; */ 97 sle64 mft_lcn; /* Cluster location of mft data. */ 98 sle64 mftmirr_lcn; /* Cluster location of copy of mft. */ 99 s8 clusters_per_mft_record; /* Mft record size in clusters. */ 100 u8 reserved0[3]; /* zero */ 101 s8 clusters_per_index_record; /* Index block size in clusters. */ 102 u8 reserved1[3]; /* zero */ 103 le64 volume_serial_number; /* Irrelevant (serial number). */ 104 le32 checksum; /* Boot sector checksum. */ 105 /*0x54*/u8 bootstrap[426]; /* Irrelevant (boot up code). */ 106 le16 end_of_sector_marker; /* End of bootsector magic. Always is 107 0xaa55 in little endian. */ 108 /* sizeof() = 512 (0x200) bytes */ 109 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR; 110 111 /* 112 * Magic identifiers present at the beginning of all ntfs record containing 113 * records (like mft records for example). 114 */ 115 enum { 116 /* Found in $MFT/$DATA. */ 117 magic_FILE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x454c4946), /* Mft entry. */ 118 magic_INDX = const_cpu_to_le32(0x58444e49), /* Index buffer. */ 119 magic_HOLE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x454c4f48), /* ? (NTFS 3.0+?) */ 120 121 /* Found in $LogFile/$DATA. */ 122 magic_RSTR = const_cpu_to_le32(0x52545352), /* Restart page. */ 123 magic_RCRD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x44524352), /* Log record page. */ 124 125 /* Found in $LogFile/$DATA. (May be found in $MFT/$DATA, also?) */ 126 magic_CHKD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x444b4843), /* Modified by chkdsk. */ 127 128 /* Found in all ntfs record containing records. */ 129 magic_BAAD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x44414142), /* Failed multi sector 130 transfer was detected. */ 131 /* 132 * Found in $LogFile/$DATA when a page is full of 0xff bytes and is 133 * thus not initialized. Page must be initialized before using it. 134 */ 135 magic_empty = const_cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff) /* Record is empty. */ 136 }; 137 138 typedef le32 NTFS_RECORD_TYPE; 139 140 /* 141 * Generic magic comparison macros. Finally found a use for the ## preprocessor 142 * operator! (-8 143 */ 144 145 static inline BOOL __ntfs_is_magic(le32 x, NTFS_RECORD_TYPE r) 146 { 147 return (x == r); 148 } 149 #define ntfs_is_magic(x, m) __ntfs_is_magic(x, magic_##m) 150 151 static inline BOOL __ntfs_is_magicp(le32 *p, NTFS_RECORD_TYPE r) 152 { 153 return (*p == r); 154 } 155 #define ntfs_is_magicp(p, m) __ntfs_is_magicp(p, magic_##m) 156 157 /* 158 * Specialised magic comparison macros for the NTFS_RECORD_TYPEs defined above. 159 */ 160 #define ntfs_is_file_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, FILE) ) 161 #define ntfs_is_file_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, FILE) ) 162 #define ntfs_is_mft_record(x) ( ntfs_is_file_record (x) ) 163 #define ntfs_is_mft_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_file_recordp(p) ) 164 #define ntfs_is_indx_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, INDX) ) 165 #define ntfs_is_indx_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, INDX) ) 166 #define ntfs_is_hole_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, HOLE) ) 167 #define ntfs_is_hole_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, HOLE) ) 168 169 #define ntfs_is_rstr_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, RSTR) ) 170 #define ntfs_is_rstr_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, RSTR) ) 171 #define ntfs_is_rcrd_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, RCRD) ) 172 #define ntfs_is_rcrd_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, RCRD) ) 173 174 #define ntfs_is_chkd_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, CHKD) ) 175 #define ntfs_is_chkd_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, CHKD) ) 176 177 #define ntfs_is_baad_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, BAAD) ) 178 #define ntfs_is_baad_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, BAAD) ) 179 180 #define ntfs_is_empty_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, empty) ) 181 #define ntfs_is_empty_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, empty) ) 182 183 /* 184 * The Update Sequence Array (usa) is an array of the le16 values which belong 185 * to the end of each sector protected by the update sequence record in which 186 * this array is contained. Note that the first entry is the Update Sequence 187 * Number (usn), a cyclic counter of how many times the protected record has 188 * been written to disk. The values 0 and -1 (ie. 0xffff) are not used. All 189 * last le16's of each sector have to be equal to the usn (during reading) or 190 * are set to it (during writing). If they are not, an incomplete multi sector 191 * transfer has occurred when the data was written. 192 * The maximum size for the update sequence array is fixed to: 193 * maximum size = usa_ofs + (usa_count * 2) = 510 bytes 194 * The 510 bytes comes from the fact that the last le16 in the array has to 195 * (obviously) finish before the last le16 of the first 512-byte sector. 196 * This formula can be used as a consistency check in that usa_ofs + 197 * (usa_count * 2) has to be less than or equal to 510. 198 */ 199 typedef struct { 200 NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* A four-byte magic identifying the record 201 type and/or status. */ 202 le16 usa_ofs; /* Offset to the Update Sequence Array (usa) 203 from the start of the ntfs record. */ 204 le16 usa_count; /* Number of le16 sized entries in the usa 205 including the Update Sequence Number (usn), 206 thus the number of fixups is the usa_count 207 minus 1. */ 208 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) NTFS_RECORD; 209 210 /* 211 * System files mft record numbers. All these files are always marked as used 212 * in the bitmap attribute of the mft; presumably in order to avoid accidental 213 * allocation for random other mft records. Also, the sequence number for each 214 * of the system files is always equal to their mft record number and it is 215 * never modified. 216 */ 217 typedef enum { 218 FILE_MFT = 0, /* Master file table (mft). Data attribute 219 contains the entries and bitmap attribute 220 records which ones are in use (bit==1). */ 221 FILE_MFTMirr = 1, /* Mft mirror: copy of first four mft records 222 in data attribute. If cluster size > 4kiB, 223 copy of first N mft records, with 224 N = cluster_size / mft_record_size. */ 225 FILE_LogFile = 2, /* Journalling log in data attribute. */ 226 FILE_Volume = 3, /* Volume name attribute and volume information 227 attribute (flags and ntfs version). Windows 228 refers to this file as volume DASD (Direct 229 Access Storage Device). */ 230 FILE_AttrDef = 4, /* Array of attribute definitions in data 231 attribute. */ 232 FILE_root = 5, /* Root directory. */ 233 FILE_Bitmap = 6, /* Allocation bitmap of all clusters (lcns) in 234 data attribute. */ 235 FILE_Boot = 7, /* Boot sector (always at cluster 0) in data 236 attribute. */ 237 FILE_BadClus = 8, /* Contains all bad clusters in the non-resident 238 data attribute. */ 239 FILE_Secure = 9, /* Shared security descriptors in data attribute 240 and two indexes into the descriptors. 241 Appeared in Windows 2000. Before that, this 242 file was named $Quota but was unused. */ 243 FILE_UpCase = 10, /* Uppercase equivalents of all 65536 Unicode 244 characters in data attribute. */ 245 FILE_Extend = 11, /* Directory containing other system files (eg. 246 $ObjId, $Quota, $Reparse and $UsnJrnl). This 247 is new to NTFS3.0. */ 248 FILE_reserved12 = 12, /* Reserved for future use (records 12-15). */ 249 FILE_reserved13 = 13, 250 FILE_reserved14 = 14, 251 FILE_reserved15 = 15, 252 FILE_first_user = 16, /* First user file, used as test limit for 253 whether to allow opening a file or not. */ 254 } NTFS_SYSTEM_FILES; 255 256 /* 257 * These are the so far known MFT_RECORD_* flags (16-bit) which contain 258 * information about the mft record in which they are present. 259 */ 260 enum { 261 MFT_RECORD_IN_USE = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0001), 262 MFT_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0002), 263 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 264 265 typedef le16 MFT_RECORD_FLAGS; 266 267 /* 268 * mft references (aka file references or file record segment references) are 269 * used whenever a structure needs to refer to a record in the mft. 270 * 271 * A reference consists of a 48-bit index into the mft and a 16-bit sequence 272 * number used to detect stale references. 273 * 274 * For error reporting purposes we treat the 48-bit index as a signed quantity. 275 * 276 * The sequence number is a circular counter (skipping 0) describing how many 277 * times the referenced mft record has been (re)used. This has to match the 278 * sequence number of the mft record being referenced, otherwise the reference 279 * is considered stale and removed (FIXME: only ntfsck or the driver itself?). 280 * 281 * If the sequence number is zero it is assumed that no sequence number 282 * consistency checking should be performed. 283 * 284 * FIXME: Since inodes are 32-bit as of now, the driver needs to always check 285 * for high_part being 0 and if not either BUG(), cause a panic() or handle 286 * the situation in some other way. This shouldn't be a problem as a volume has 287 * to become HUGE in order to need more than 32-bits worth of mft records. 288 * Assuming the standard mft record size of 1kb only the records (never mind 289 * the non-resident attributes, etc.) would require 4Tb of space on their own 290 * for the first 32 bits worth of records. This is only if some strange person 291 * doesn't decide to foul play and make the mft sparse which would be a really 292 * horrible thing to do as it would trash our current driver implementation. )-: 293 * Do I hear screams "we want 64-bit inodes!" ?!? (-; 294 * 295 * FIXME: The mft zone is defined as the first 12% of the volume. This space is 296 * reserved so that the mft can grow contiguously and hence doesn't become 297 * fragmented. Volume free space includes the empty part of the mft zone and 298 * when the volume's free 88% are used up, the mft zone is shrunk by a factor 299 * of 2, thus making more space available for more files/data. This process is 300 * repeated everytime there is no more free space except for the mft zone until 301 * there really is no more free space. 302 */ 303 304 /* 305 * Typedef the MFT_REF as a 64-bit value for easier handling. 306 * Also define two unpacking macros to get to the reference (MREF) and 307 * sequence number (MSEQNO) respectively. 308 * The _LE versions are to be applied on little endian MFT_REFs. 309 * Note: The _LE versions will return a CPU endian formatted value! 310 */ 311 #define MFT_REF_MASK_CPU 0x0000ffffffffffffULL 312 #define MFT_REF_MASK_LE const_cpu_to_le64(MFT_REF_MASK_CPU) 313 314 typedef u64 MFT_REF; 315 typedef le64 leMFT_REF; 316 317 #define MK_MREF(m, s) ((MFT_REF)(((MFT_REF)(s) << 48) | \ 318 ((MFT_REF)(m) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))) 319 #define MK_LE_MREF(m, s) cpu_to_le64(MK_MREF(m, s)) 320 321 #define MREF(x) ((unsigned long)((x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU)) 322 #define MSEQNO(x) ((u16)(((x) >> 48) & 0xffff)) 323 #define MREF_LE(x) ((unsigned long)(le64_to_cpu(x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU)) 324 #define MSEQNO_LE(x) ((u16)((le64_to_cpu(x) >> 48) & 0xffff)) 325 326 #define IS_ERR_MREF(x) (((x) & 0x0000800000000000ULL) ? 1 : 0) 327 #define ERR_MREF(x) ((u64)((s64)(x))) 328 #define MREF_ERR(x) ((int)((s64)(x))) 329 330 /* 331 * The mft record header present at the beginning of every record in the mft. 332 * This is followed by a sequence of variable length attribute records which 333 * is terminated by an attribute of type AT_END which is a truncated attribute 334 * in that it only consists of the attribute type code AT_END and none of the 335 * other members of the attribute structure are present. 336 */ 337 typedef struct { 338 /*Ofs*/ 339 /* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */ 340 NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* Usually the magic is "FILE". */ 341 le16 usa_ofs; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */ 342 le16 usa_count; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */ 343 344 /* 8*/ le64 lsn; /* $LogFile sequence number for this record. 345 Changed every time the record is modified. */ 346 /* 16*/ le16 sequence_number; /* Number of times this mft record has been 347 reused. (See description for MFT_REF 348 above.) NOTE: The increment (skipping zero) 349 is done when the file is deleted. NOTE: If 350 this is zero it is left zero. */ 351 /* 18*/ le16 link_count; /* Number of hard links, i.e. the number of 352 directory entries referencing this record. 353 NOTE: Only used in mft base records. 354 NOTE: When deleting a directory entry we 355 check the link_count and if it is 1 we 356 delete the file. Otherwise we delete the 357 FILE_NAME_ATTR being referenced by the 358 directory entry from the mft record and 359 decrement the link_count. 360 FIXME: Careful with Win32 + DOS names! */ 361 /* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset; /* Byte offset to the first attribute in this 362 mft record from the start of the mft record. 363 NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 364 /* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /* Bit array of MFT_RECORD_FLAGS. When a file 365 is deleted, the MFT_RECORD_IN_USE flag is 366 set to zero. */ 367 /* 24*/ le32 bytes_in_use; /* Number of bytes used in this mft record. 368 NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 369 /* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated; /* Number of bytes allocated for this mft 370 record. This should be equal to the mft 371 record size. */ 372 /* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;/* This is zero for base mft records. 373 When it is not zero it is a mft reference 374 pointing to the base mft record to which 375 this record belongs (this is then used to 376 locate the attribute list attribute present 377 in the base record which describes this 378 extension record and hence might need 379 modification when the extension record 380 itself is modified, also locating the 381 attribute list also means finding the other 382 potential extents, belonging to the non-base 383 mft record). */ 384 /* 40*/ le16 next_attr_instance;/* The instance number that will be assigned to 385 the next attribute added to this mft record. 386 NOTE: Incremented each time after it is used. 387 NOTE: Every time the mft record is reused 388 this number is set to zero. NOTE: The first 389 instance number is always 0. */ 390 /* The below fields are specific to NTFS 3.1+ (Windows XP and above): */ 391 /* 42*/ le16 reserved; /* Reserved/alignment. */ 392 /* 44*/ le32 mft_record_number; /* Number of this mft record. */ 393 /* sizeof() = 48 bytes */ 394 /* 395 * When (re)using the mft record, we place the update sequence array at this 396 * offset, i.e. before we start with the attributes. This also makes sense, 397 * otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array 398 * containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that 399 * multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data 400 * by overwriting it since you then can't get it back... 401 * When reading we obviously use the data from the ntfs record header. 402 */ 403 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD; 404 405 /* This is the version without the NTFS 3.1+ specific fields. */ 406 typedef struct { 407 /*Ofs*/ 408 /* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */ 409 NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* Usually the magic is "FILE". */ 410 le16 usa_ofs; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */ 411 le16 usa_count; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */ 412 413 /* 8*/ le64 lsn; /* $LogFile sequence number for this record. 414 Changed every time the record is modified. */ 415 /* 16*/ le16 sequence_number; /* Number of times this mft record has been 416 reused. (See description for MFT_REF 417 above.) NOTE: The increment (skipping zero) 418 is done when the file is deleted. NOTE: If 419 this is zero it is left zero. */ 420 /* 18*/ le16 link_count; /* Number of hard links, i.e. the number of 421 directory entries referencing this record. 422 NOTE: Only used in mft base records. 423 NOTE: When deleting a directory entry we 424 check the link_count and if it is 1 we 425 delete the file. Otherwise we delete the 426 FILE_NAME_ATTR being referenced by the 427 directory entry from the mft record and 428 decrement the link_count. 429 FIXME: Careful with Win32 + DOS names! */ 430 /* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset; /* Byte offset to the first attribute in this 431 mft record from the start of the mft record. 432 NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 433 /* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /* Bit array of MFT_RECORD_FLAGS. When a file 434 is deleted, the MFT_RECORD_IN_USE flag is 435 set to zero. */ 436 /* 24*/ le32 bytes_in_use; /* Number of bytes used in this mft record. 437 NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 438 /* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated; /* Number of bytes allocated for this mft 439 record. This should be equal to the mft 440 record size. */ 441 /* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;/* This is zero for base mft records. 442 When it is not zero it is a mft reference 443 pointing to the base mft record to which 444 this record belongs (this is then used to 445 locate the attribute list attribute present 446 in the base record which describes this 447 extension record and hence might need 448 modification when the extension record 449 itself is modified, also locating the 450 attribute list also means finding the other 451 potential extents, belonging to the non-base 452 mft record). */ 453 /* 40*/ le16 next_attr_instance;/* The instance number that will be assigned to 454 the next attribute added to this mft record. 455 NOTE: Incremented each time after it is used. 456 NOTE: Every time the mft record is reused 457 this number is set to zero. NOTE: The first 458 instance number is always 0. */ 459 /* sizeof() = 42 bytes */ 460 /* 461 * When (re)using the mft record, we place the update sequence array at this 462 * offset, i.e. before we start with the attributes. This also makes sense, 463 * otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array 464 * containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that 465 * multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data 466 * by overwriting it since you then can't get it back... 467 * When reading we obviously use the data from the ntfs record header. 468 */ 469 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD_OLD; 470 471 /* 472 * System defined attributes (32-bit). Each attribute type has a corresponding 473 * attribute name (Unicode string of maximum 64 character length) as described 474 * by the attribute definitions present in the data attribute of the $AttrDef 475 * system file. On NTFS 3.0 volumes the names are just as the types are named 476 * in the below defines exchanging AT_ for the dollar sign ($). If that is not 477 * a revealing choice of symbol I do not know what is... (-; 478 */ 479 enum { 480 AT_UNUSED = const_cpu_to_le32( 0), 481 AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x10), 482 AT_ATTRIBUTE_LIST = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x20), 483 AT_FILE_NAME = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x30), 484 AT_OBJECT_ID = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x40), 485 AT_SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x50), 486 AT_VOLUME_NAME = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x60), 487 AT_VOLUME_INFORMATION = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x70), 488 AT_DATA = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x80), 489 AT_INDEX_ROOT = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x90), 490 AT_INDEX_ALLOCATION = const_cpu_to_le32( 0xa0), 491 AT_BITMAP = const_cpu_to_le32( 0xb0), 492 AT_REPARSE_POINT = const_cpu_to_le32( 0xc0), 493 AT_EA_INFORMATION = const_cpu_to_le32( 0xd0), 494 AT_EA = const_cpu_to_le32( 0xe0), 495 AT_PROPERTY_SET = const_cpu_to_le32( 0xf0), 496 AT_LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x100), 497 AT_FIRST_USER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE = const_cpu_to_le32( 0x1000), 498 AT_END = const_cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff) 499 }; 500 501 typedef le32 ATTR_TYPE; 502 503 /* 504 * The collation rules for sorting views/indexes/etc (32-bit). 505 * 506 * COLLATION_BINARY - Collate by binary compare where the first byte is most 507 * significant. 508 * COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING - Collate Unicode strings by comparing their binary 509 * Unicode values, except that when a character can be uppercased, the 510 * upper case value collates before the lower case one. 511 * COLLATION_FILE_NAME - Collate file names as Unicode strings. The collation 512 * is done very much like COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING. In fact I have no idea 513 * what the difference is. Perhaps the difference is that file names 514 * would treat some special characters in an odd way (see 515 * unistr.c::ntfs_collate_names() and unistr.c::legal_ansi_char_array[] 516 * for what I mean but COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING would not give any special 517 * treatment to any characters at all, but this is speculation. 518 * COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG - Sorting is done according to ascending le32 key 519 * values. E.g. used for $SII index in FILE_Secure, which sorts by 520 * security_id (le32). 521 * COLLATION_NTOFS_SID - Sorting is done according to ascending SID values. 522 * E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$Quota. 523 * COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH - Sorting is done first by ascending hash 524 * values and second by ascending security_id values. E.g. used for $SDH 525 * index in FILE_Secure. 526 * COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS - Sorting is done according to a sequence of ascending 527 * le32 key values. E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId, which 528 * sorts by object_id (16-byte), by splitting up the object_id in four 529 * le32 values and using them as individual keys. E.g. take the following 530 * two security_ids, stored as follows on disk: 531 * 1st: a1 61 65 b7 65 7b d4 11 9e 3d 00 e0 81 10 42 59 532 * 2nd: 38 14 37 d2 d2 f3 d4 11 a5 21 c8 6b 79 b1 97 45 533 * To compare them, they are split into four le32 values each, like so: 534 * 1st: 0xb76561a1 0x11d47b65 0xe0003d9e 0x59421081 535 * 2nd: 0xd2371438 0x11d4f3d2 0x6bc821a5 0x4597b179 536 * Now, it is apparent why the 2nd object_id collates after the 1st: the 537 * first le32 value of the 1st object_id is less than the first le32 of 538 * the 2nd object_id. If the first le32 values of both object_ids were 539 * equal then the second le32 values would be compared, etc. 540 */ 541 enum { 542 COLLATION_BINARY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00), 543 COLLATION_FILE_NAME = const_cpu_to_le32(0x01), 544 COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING = const_cpu_to_le32(0x02), 545 COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG = const_cpu_to_le32(0x10), 546 COLLATION_NTOFS_SID = const_cpu_to_le32(0x11), 547 COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH = const_cpu_to_le32(0x12), 548 COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x13), 549 }; 550 551 typedef le32 COLLATION_RULE; 552 553 /* 554 * The flags (32-bit) describing attribute properties in the attribute 555 * definition structure. FIXME: This information is based on Regis's 556 * information and, according to him, it is not certain and probably 557 * incomplete. The INDEXABLE flag is fairly certainly correct as only the file 558 * name attribute has this flag set and this is the only attribute indexed in 559 * NT4. 560 */ 561 enum { 562 ATTR_DEF_INDEXABLE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x02), /* Attribute can be 563 indexed. */ 564 ATTR_DEF_MULTIPLE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x04), /* Attribute type 565 can be present multiple times in the 566 mft records of an inode. */ 567 ATTR_DEF_NOT_ZERO = const_cpu_to_le32(0x08), /* Attribute value 568 must contain at least one non-zero 569 byte. */ 570 ATTR_DEF_INDEXED_UNIQUE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x10), /* Attribute must be 571 indexed and the attribute value must be 572 unique for the attribute type in all of 573 the mft records of an inode. */ 574 ATTR_DEF_NAMED_UNIQUE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x20), /* Attribute must be 575 named and the name must be unique for 576 the attribute type in all of the mft 577 records of an inode. */ 578 ATTR_DEF_RESIDENT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x40), /* Attribute must be 579 resident. */ 580 ATTR_DEF_ALWAYS_LOG = const_cpu_to_le32(0x80), /* Always log 581 modifications to this attribute, 582 regardless of whether it is resident or 583 non-resident. Without this, only log 584 modifications if the attribute is 585 resident. */ 586 }; 587 588 typedef le32 ATTR_DEF_FLAGS; 589 590 /* 591 * The data attribute of FILE_AttrDef contains a sequence of attribute 592 * definitions for the NTFS volume. With this, it is supposed to be safe for an 593 * older NTFS driver to mount a volume containing a newer NTFS version without 594 * damaging it (that's the theory. In practice it's: not damaging it too much). 595 * Entries are sorted by attribute type. The flags describe whether the 596 * attribute can be resident/non-resident and possibly other things, but the 597 * actual bits are unknown. 598 */ 599 typedef struct { 600 /*hex ofs*/ 601 /* 0*/ ntfschar name[0x40]; /* Unicode name of the attribute. Zero 602 terminated. */ 603 /* 80*/ ATTR_TYPE type; /* Type of the attribute. */ 604 /* 84*/ le32 display_rule; /* Default display rule. 605 FIXME: What does it mean? (AIA) */ 606 /* 88*/ COLLATION_RULE collation_rule; /* Default collation rule. */ 607 /* 8c*/ ATTR_DEF_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the attribute. */ 608 /* 90*/ sle64 min_size; /* Optional minimum attribute size. */ 609 /* 98*/ sle64 max_size; /* Maximum size of attribute. */ 610 /* sizeof() = 0xa0 or 160 bytes */ 611 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ATTR_DEF; 612 613 /* 614 * Attribute flags (16-bit). 615 */ 616 enum { 617 ATTR_IS_COMPRESSED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0001), 618 ATTR_COMPRESSION_MASK = const_cpu_to_le16(0x00ff), /* Compression method 619 mask. Also, first 620 illegal value. */ 621 ATTR_IS_ENCRYPTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x4000), 622 ATTR_IS_SPARSE = const_cpu_to_le16(0x8000), 623 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 624 625 typedef le16 ATTR_FLAGS; 626 627 /* 628 * Attribute compression. 629 * 630 * Only the data attribute is ever compressed in the current ntfs driver in 631 * Windows. Further, compression is only applied when the data attribute is 632 * non-resident. Finally, to use compression, the maximum allowed cluster size 633 * on a volume is 4kib. 634 * 635 * The compression method is based on independently compressing blocks of X 636 * clusters, where X is determined from the compression_unit value found in the 637 * non-resident attribute record header (more precisely: X = 2^compression_unit 638 * clusters). On Windows NT/2k, X always is 16 clusters (compression_unit = 4). 639 * 640 * There are three different cases of how a compression block of X clusters 641 * can be stored: 642 * 643 * 1) The data in the block is all zero (a sparse block): 644 * This is stored as a sparse block in the runlist, i.e. the runlist 645 * entry has length = X and lcn = -1. The mapping pairs array actually 646 * uses a delta_lcn value length of 0, i.e. delta_lcn is not present at 647 * all, which is then interpreted by the driver as lcn = -1. 648 * NOTE: Even uncompressed files can be sparse on NTFS 3.0 volumes, then 649 * the same principles apply as above, except that the length is not 650 * restricted to being any particular value. 651 * 652 * 2) The data in the block is not compressed: 653 * This happens when compression doesn't reduce the size of the block 654 * in clusters. I.e. if compression has a small effect so that the 655 * compressed data still occupies X clusters, then the uncompressed data 656 * is stored in the block. 657 * This case is recognised by the fact that the runlist entry has 658 * length = X and lcn >= 0. The mapping pairs array stores this as 659 * normal with a run length of X and some specific delta_lcn, i.e. 660 * delta_lcn has to be present. 661 * 662 * 3) The data in the block is compressed: 663 * The common case. This case is recognised by the fact that the run 664 * list entry has length L < X and lcn >= 0. The mapping pairs array 665 * stores this as normal with a run length of X and some specific 666 * delta_lcn, i.e. delta_lcn has to be present. This runlist entry is 667 * immediately followed by a sparse entry with length = X - L and 668 * lcn = -1. The latter entry is to make up the vcn counting to the 669 * full compression block size X. 670 * 671 * In fact, life is more complicated because adjacent entries of the same type 672 * can be coalesced. This means that one has to keep track of the number of 673 * clusters handled and work on a basis of X clusters at a time being one 674 * block. An example: if length L > X this means that this particular runlist 675 * entry contains a block of length X and part of one or more blocks of length 676 * L - X. Another example: if length L < X, this does not necessarily mean that 677 * the block is compressed as it might be that the lcn changes inside the block 678 * and hence the following runlist entry describes the continuation of the 679 * potentially compressed block. The block would be compressed if the 680 * following runlist entry describes at least X - L sparse clusters, thus 681 * making up the compression block length as described in point 3 above. (Of 682 * course, there can be several runlist entries with small lengths so that the 683 * sparse entry does not follow the first data containing entry with 684 * length < X.) 685 * 686 * NOTE: At the end of the compressed attribute value, there most likely is not 687 * just the right amount of data to make up a compression block, thus this data 688 * is not even attempted to be compressed. It is just stored as is, unless 689 * the number of clusters it occupies is reduced when compressed in which case 690 * it is stored as a compressed compression block, complete with sparse 691 * clusters at the end. 692 */ 693 694 /* 695 * Flags of resident attributes (8-bit). 696 */ 697 enum { 698 RESIDENT_ATTR_IS_INDEXED = 0x01, /* Attribute is referenced in an index 699 (has implications for deleting and 700 modifying the attribute). */ 701 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 702 703 typedef u8 RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS; 704 705 /* 706 * Attribute record header. Always aligned to 8-byte boundary. 707 */ 708 typedef struct { 709 /*Ofs*/ 710 /* 0*/ ATTR_TYPE type; /* The (32-bit) type of the attribute. */ 711 /* 4*/ le32 length; /* Byte size of the resident part of the 712 attribute (aligned to 8-byte boundary). 713 Used to get to the next attribute. */ 714 /* 8*/ u8 non_resident; /* If 0, attribute is resident. 715 If 1, attribute is non-resident. */ 716 /* 9*/ u8 name_length; /* Unicode character size of name of attribute. 717 0 if unnamed. */ 718 /* 10*/ le16 name_offset; /* If name_length != 0, the byte offset to the 719 beginning of the name from the attribute 720 record. Note that the name is stored as a 721 Unicode string. When creating, place offset 722 just at the end of the record header. Then, 723 follow with attribute value or mapping pairs 724 array, resident and non-resident attributes 725 respectively, aligning to an 8-byte 726 boundary. */ 727 /* 12*/ ATTR_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the attribute. */ 728 /* 14*/ le16 instance; /* The instance of this attribute record. This 729 number is unique within this mft record (see 730 MFT_RECORD/next_attribute_instance notes in 731 in mft.h for more details). */ 732 /* 16*/ union { 733 /* Resident attributes. */ 734 struct { 735 /* 16 */ le32 value_length;/* Byte size of attribute value. */ 736 /* 20 */ le16 value_offset;/* Byte offset of the attribute 737 value from the start of the 738 attribute record. When creating, 739 align to 8-byte boundary if we 740 have a name present as this might 741 not have a length of a multiple 742 of 8-bytes. */ 743 /* 22 */ RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS flags; /* See above. */ 744 /* 23 */ s8 reserved; /* Reserved/alignment to 8-byte 745 boundary. */ 746 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) resident; 747 /* Non-resident attributes. */ 748 struct { 749 /* 16*/ leVCN lowest_vcn;/* Lowest valid virtual cluster number 750 for this portion of the attribute value or 751 0 if this is the only extent (usually the 752 case). - Only when an attribute list is used 753 does lowest_vcn != 0 ever occur. */ 754 /* 24*/ leVCN highest_vcn;/* Highest valid vcn of this extent of 755 the attribute value. - Usually there is only one 756 portion, so this usually equals the attribute 757 value size in clusters minus 1. Can be -1 for 758 zero length files. Can be 0 for "single extent" 759 attributes. */ 760 /* 32*/ le16 mapping_pairs_offset; /* Byte offset from the 761 beginning of the structure to the mapping pairs 762 array which contains the mappings between the 763 vcns and the logical cluster numbers (lcns). 764 When creating, place this at the end of this 765 record header aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 766 /* 34*/ u8 compression_unit; /* The compression unit expressed 767 as the log to the base 2 of the number of 768 clusters in a compression unit. 0 means not 769 compressed. (This effectively limits the 770 compression unit size to be a power of two 771 clusters.) WinNT4 only uses a value of 4. 772 Sparse files also have this set to 4. */ 773 /* 35*/ u8 reserved[5]; /* Align to 8-byte boundary. */ 774 /* The sizes below are only used when lowest_vcn is zero, as otherwise it would 775 be difficult to keep them up-to-date.*/ 776 /* 40*/ sle64 allocated_size; /* Byte size of disk space 777 allocated to hold the attribute value. Always 778 is a multiple of the cluster size. When a file 779 is compressed, this field is a multiple of the 780 compression block size (2^compression_unit) and 781 it represents the logically allocated space 782 rather than the actual on disk usage. For this 783 use the compressed_size (see below). */ 784 /* 48*/ sle64 data_size; /* Byte size of the attribute 785 value. Can be larger than allocated_size if 786 attribute value is compressed or sparse. */ 787 /* 56*/ sle64 initialized_size; /* Byte size of initialized 788 portion of the attribute value. Usually equals 789 data_size. */ 790 /* sizeof(uncompressed attr) = 64*/ 791 /* 64*/ sle64 compressed_size; /* Byte size of the attribute 792 value after compression. Only present when 793 compressed or sparse. Always is a multiple of 794 the cluster size. Represents the actual amount 795 of disk space being used on the disk. */ 796 /* sizeof(compressed attr) = 72*/ 797 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) non_resident; 798 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) data; 799 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ATTR_RECORD; 800 801 typedef ATTR_RECORD ATTR_REC; 802 803 /* 804 * File attribute flags (32-bit). 805 */ 806 enum { 807 /* 808 * The following flags are only present in the STANDARD_INFORMATION 809 * attribute (in the field file_attributes). 810 */ 811 FILE_ATTR_READONLY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 812 FILE_ATTR_HIDDEN = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000002), 813 FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000004), 814 /* Old DOS volid. Unused in NT. = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000008), */ 815 816 FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000010), 817 /* Note, FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY is not considered valid in NT. It is 818 reserved for the DOS SUBDIRECTORY flag. */ 819 FILE_ATTR_ARCHIVE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000020), 820 FILE_ATTR_DEVICE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000040), 821 FILE_ATTR_NORMAL = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000080), 822 823 FILE_ATTR_TEMPORARY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000100), 824 FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000200), 825 FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000400), 826 FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000800), 827 828 FILE_ATTR_OFFLINE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00001000), 829 FILE_ATTR_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00002000), 830 FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00004000), 831 832 FILE_ATTR_VALID_FLAGS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00007fb7), 833 /* Note, FILE_ATTR_VALID_FLAGS masks out the old DOS VolId and the 834 FILE_ATTR_DEVICE and preserves everything else. This mask is used 835 to obtain all flags that are valid for reading. */ 836 FILE_ATTR_VALID_SET_FLAGS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x000031a7), 837 /* Note, FILE_ATTR_VALID_SET_FLAGS masks out the old DOS VolId, the 838 F_A_DEVICE, F_A_DIRECTORY, F_A_SPARSE_FILE, F_A_REPARSE_POINT, 839 F_A_COMPRESSED, and F_A_ENCRYPTED and preserves the rest. This mask 840 is used to to obtain all flags that are valid for setting. */ 841 842 /* 843 * The following flags are only present in the FILE_NAME attribute (in 844 * the field file_attributes). 845 */ 846 FILE_ATTR_DUP_FILE_NAME_INDEX_PRESENT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x10000000), 847 /* Note, this is a copy of the corresponding bit from the mft record, 848 telling us whether this is a directory or not, i.e. whether it has 849 an index root attribute or not. */ 850 FILE_ATTR_DUP_VIEW_INDEX_PRESENT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x20000000), 851 /* Note, this is a copy of the corresponding bit from the mft record, 852 telling us whether this file has a view index present (eg. object id 853 index, quota index, one of the security indexes or the encrypting 854 filesystem related indexes). */ 855 }; 856 857 typedef le32 FILE_ATTR_FLAGS; 858 859 /* 860 * NOTE on times in NTFS: All times are in MS standard time format, i.e. they 861 * are the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since 1st January 1601, 00:00:00 862 * universal coordinated time (UTC). (In Linux time starts 1st January 1970, 863 * 00:00:00 UTC and is stored as the number of 1-second intervals since then.) 864 */ 865 866 /* 867 * Attribute: Standard information (0x10). 868 * 869 * NOTE: Always resident. 870 * NOTE: Present in all base file records on a volume. 871 * NOTE: There is conflicting information about the meaning of each of the time 872 * fields but the meaning as defined below has been verified to be 873 * correct by practical experimentation on Windows NT4 SP6a and is hence 874 * assumed to be the one and only correct interpretation. 875 */ 876 typedef struct { 877 /*Ofs*/ 878 /* 0*/ sle64 creation_time; /* Time file was created. Updated when 879 a filename is changed(?). */ 880 /* 8*/ sle64 last_data_change_time; /* Time the data attribute was last 881 modified. */ 882 /* 16*/ sle64 last_mft_change_time; /* Time this mft record was last 883 modified. */ 884 /* 24*/ sle64 last_access_time; /* Approximate time when the file was 885 last accessed (obviously this is not 886 updated on read-only volumes). In 887 Windows this is only updated when 888 accessed if some time delta has 889 passed since the last update. Also, 890 last access times updates can be 891 disabled altogether for speed. */ 892 /* 32*/ FILE_ATTR_FLAGS file_attributes; /* Flags describing the file. */ 893 /* 36*/ union { 894 /* NTFS 1.2 */ 895 struct { 896 /* 36*/ u8 reserved12[12]; /* Reserved/alignment to 8-byte 897 boundary. */ 898 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) v1; 899 /* sizeof() = 48 bytes */ 900 /* NTFS 3.x */ 901 struct { 902 /* 903 * If a volume has been upgraded from a previous NTFS version, then these 904 * fields are present only if the file has been accessed since the upgrade. 905 * Recognize the difference by comparing the length of the resident attribute 906 * value. If it is 48, then the following fields are missing. If it is 72 then 907 * the fields are present. Maybe just check like this: 908 * if (resident.ValueLength < sizeof(STANDARD_INFORMATION)) { 909 * Assume NTFS 1.2- format. 910 * If (volume version is 3.x) 911 * Upgrade attribute to NTFS 3.x format. 912 * else 913 * Use NTFS 1.2- format for access. 914 * } else 915 * Use NTFS 3.x format for access. 916 * Only problem is that it might be legal to set the length of the value to 917 * arbitrarily large values thus spoiling this check. - But chkdsk probably 918 * views that as a corruption, assuming that it behaves like this for all 919 * attributes. 920 */ 921 /* 36*/ le32 maximum_versions; /* Maximum allowed versions for 922 file. Zero if version numbering is disabled. */ 923 /* 40*/ le32 version_number; /* This file's version (if any). 924 Set to zero if maximum_versions is zero. */ 925 /* 44*/ le32 class_id; /* Class id from bidirectional 926 class id index (?). */ 927 /* 48*/ le32 owner_id; /* Owner_id of the user owning 928 the file. Translate via $Q index in FILE_Extend 929 /$Quota to the quota control entry for the user 930 owning the file. Zero if quotas are disabled. */ 931 /* 52*/ le32 security_id; /* Security_id for the file. 932 Translate via $SII index and $SDS data stream 933 in FILE_Secure to the security descriptor. */ 934 /* 56*/ le64 quota_charged; /* Byte size of the charge to 935 the quota for all streams of the file. Note: Is 936 zero if quotas are disabled. */ 937 /* 64*/ leUSN usn; /* Last update sequence number 938 of the file. This is a direct index into the 939 transaction log file ($UsnJrnl). It is zero if 940 the usn journal is disabled or this file has 941 not been subject to logging yet. See usnjrnl.h 942 for details. */ 943 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) v3; 944 /* sizeof() = 72 bytes (NTFS 3.x) */ 945 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ver; 946 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) STANDARD_INFORMATION; 947 948 /* 949 * Attribute: Attribute list (0x20). 950 * 951 * - Can be either resident or non-resident. 952 * - Value consists of a sequence of variable length, 8-byte aligned, 953 * ATTR_LIST_ENTRY records. 954 * - The list is not terminated by anything at all! The only way to know when 955 * the end is reached is to keep track of the current offset and compare it to 956 * the attribute value size. 957 * - The attribute list attribute contains one entry for each attribute of 958 * the file in which the list is located, except for the list attribute 959 * itself. The list is sorted: first by attribute type, second by attribute 960 * name (if present), third by instance number. The extents of one 961 * non-resident attribute (if present) immediately follow after the initial 962 * extent. They are ordered by lowest_vcn and have their instace set to zero. 963 * It is not allowed to have two attributes with all sorting keys equal. 964 * - Further restrictions: 965 * - If not resident, the vcn to lcn mapping array has to fit inside the 966 * base mft record. 967 * - The attribute list attribute value has a maximum size of 256kb. This 968 * is imposed by the Windows cache manager. 969 * - Attribute lists are only used when the attributes of mft record do not 970 * fit inside the mft record despite all attributes (that can be made 971 * non-resident) having been made non-resident. This can happen e.g. when: 972 * - File has a large number of hard links (lots of file name 973 * attributes present). 974 * - The mapping pairs array of some non-resident attribute becomes so 975 * large due to fragmentation that it overflows the mft record. 976 * - The security descriptor is very complex (not applicable to 977 * NTFS 3.0 volumes). 978 * - There are many named streams. 979 */ 980 typedef struct { 981 /*Ofs*/ 982 /* 0*/ ATTR_TYPE type; /* Type of referenced attribute. */ 983 /* 4*/ le16 length; /* Byte size of this entry (8-byte aligned). */ 984 /* 6*/ u8 name_length; /* Size in Unicode chars of the name of the 985 attribute or 0 if unnamed. */ 986 /* 7*/ u8 name_offset; /* Byte offset to beginning of attribute name 987 (always set this to where the name would 988 start even if unnamed). */ 989 /* 8*/ leVCN lowest_vcn; /* Lowest virtual cluster number of this portion 990 of the attribute value. This is usually 0. It 991 is non-zero for the case where one attribute 992 does not fit into one mft record and thus 993 several mft records are allocated to hold 994 this attribute. In the latter case, each mft 995 record holds one extent of the attribute and 996 there is one attribute list entry for each 997 extent. NOTE: This is DEFINITELY a signed 998 value! The windows driver uses cmp, followed 999 by jg when comparing this, thus it treats it 1000 as signed. */ 1001 /* 16*/ leMFT_REF mft_reference;/* The reference of the mft record holding 1002 the ATTR_RECORD for this portion of the 1003 attribute value. */ 1004 /* 24*/ le16 instance; /* If lowest_vcn = 0, the instance of the 1005 attribute being referenced; otherwise 0. */ 1006 /* 26*/ ntfschar name[0]; /* Use when creating only. When reading use 1007 name_offset to determine the location of the 1008 name. */ 1009 /* sizeof() = 26 + (attribute_name_length * 2) bytes */ 1010 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ATTR_LIST_ENTRY; 1011 1012 /* 1013 * The maximum allowed length for a file name. 1014 */ 1015 #define MAXIMUM_FILE_NAME_LENGTH 255 1016 1017 /* 1018 * Possible namespaces for filenames in ntfs (8-bit). 1019 */ 1020 enum { 1021 FILE_NAME_POSIX = 0x00, 1022 /* This is the largest namespace. It is case sensitive and allows all 1023 Unicode characters except for: '\0' and '/'. Beware that in 1024 WinNT/2k/2003 by default files which eg have the same name except 1025 for their case will not be distinguished by the standard utilities 1026 and thus a "del filename" will delete both "filename" and "fileName" 1027 without warning. However if for example Services For Unix (SFU) are 1028 installed and the case sensitive option was enabled at installation 1029 time, then you can create/access/delete such files. 1030 Note that even SFU places restrictions on the filenames beyond the 1031 '\0' and '/' and in particular the following set of characters is 1032 not allowed: '"', '/', '<', '>', '\'. All other characters, 1033 including the ones no allowed in WIN32 namespace are allowed. 1034 Tested with SFU 3.5 (this is now free) running on Windows XP. */ 1035 FILE_NAME_WIN32 = 0x01, 1036 /* The standard WinNT/2k NTFS long filenames. Case insensitive. All 1037 Unicode chars except: '\0', '"', '*', '/', ':', '<', '>', '?', '\', 1038 and '|'. Further, names cannot end with a '.' or a space. */ 1039 FILE_NAME_DOS = 0x02, 1040 /* The standard DOS filenames (8.3 format). Uppercase only. All 8-bit 1041 characters greater space, except: '"', '*', '+', ',', '/', ':', ';', 1042 '<', '=', '>', '?', and '\'. */ 1043 FILE_NAME_WIN32_AND_DOS = 0x03, 1044 /* 3 means that both the Win32 and the DOS filenames are identical and 1045 hence have been saved in this single filename record. */ 1046 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 1047 1048 typedef u8 FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS; 1049 1050 /* 1051 * Attribute: Filename (0x30). 1052 * 1053 * NOTE: Always resident. 1054 * NOTE: All fields, except the parent_directory, are only updated when the 1055 * filename is changed. Until then, they just become out of sync with 1056 * reality and the more up to date values are present in the standard 1057 * information attribute. 1058 * NOTE: There is conflicting information about the meaning of each of the time 1059 * fields but the meaning as defined below has been verified to be 1060 * correct by practical experimentation on Windows NT4 SP6a and is hence 1061 * assumed to be the one and only correct interpretation. 1062 */ 1063 typedef struct { 1064 /*hex ofs*/ 1065 /* 0*/ leMFT_REF parent_directory; /* Directory this filename is 1066 referenced from. */ 1067 /* 8*/ sle64 creation_time; /* Time file was created. */ 1068 /* 10*/ sle64 last_data_change_time; /* Time the data attribute was last 1069 modified. */ 1070 /* 18*/ sle64 last_mft_change_time; /* Time this mft record was last 1071 modified. */ 1072 /* 20*/ sle64 last_access_time; /* Time this mft record was last 1073 accessed. */ 1074 /* 28*/ sle64 allocated_size; /* Byte size of allocated space for the 1075 data attribute. NOTE: Is a multiple 1076 of the cluster size. */ 1077 /* 30*/ sle64 data_size; /* Byte size of actual data in data 1078 attribute. */ 1079 /* 38*/ FILE_ATTR_FLAGS file_attributes; /* Flags describing the file. */ 1080 /* 3c*/ union { 1081 /* 3c*/ struct { 1082 /* 3c*/ le16 packed_ea_size; /* Size of the buffer needed to 1083 pack the extended attributes 1084 (EAs), if such are present.*/ 1085 /* 3e*/ le16 reserved; /* Reserved for alignment. */ 1086 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ea; 1087 /* 3c*/ struct { 1088 /* 3c*/ le32 reparse_point_tag; /* Type of reparse point, 1089 present only in reparse 1090 points and only if there are 1091 no EAs. */ 1092 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) rp; 1093 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) type; 1094 /* 40*/ u8 file_name_length; /* Length of file name in 1095 (Unicode) characters. */ 1096 /* 41*/ FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS file_name_type; /* Namespace of the file name.*/ 1097 /* 42*/ ntfschar file_name[0]; /* File name in Unicode. */ 1098 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) FILE_NAME_ATTR; 1099 1100 /* 1101 * GUID structures store globally unique identifiers (GUID). A GUID is a 1102 * 128-bit value consisting of one group of eight hexadecimal digits, followed 1103 * by three groups of four hexadecimal digits each, followed by one group of 1104 * twelve hexadecimal digits. GUIDs are Microsoft's implementation of the 1105 * distributed computing environment (DCE) universally unique identifier (UUID). 1106 * Example of a GUID: 1107 * 1F010768-5A73-BC91-0010A52216A7 1108 */ 1109 typedef struct { 1110 le32 data1; /* The first eight hexadecimal digits of the GUID. */ 1111 le16 data2; /* The first group of four hexadecimal digits. */ 1112 le16 data3; /* The second group of four hexadecimal digits. */ 1113 u8 data4[8]; /* The first two bytes are the third group of four 1114 hexadecimal digits. The remaining six bytes are the 1115 final 12 hexadecimal digits. */ 1116 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) GUID; 1117 1118 /* 1119 * FILE_Extend/$ObjId contains an index named $O. This index contains all 1120 * object_ids present on the volume as the index keys and the corresponding 1121 * mft_record numbers as the index entry data parts. The data part (defined 1122 * below) also contains three other object_ids: 1123 * birth_volume_id - object_id of FILE_Volume on which the file was first 1124 * created. Optional (i.e. can be zero). 1125 * birth_object_id - object_id of file when it was first created. Usually 1126 * equals the object_id. Optional (i.e. can be zero). 1127 * domain_id - Reserved (always zero). 1128 */ 1129 typedef struct { 1130 leMFT_REF mft_reference;/* Mft record containing the object_id in 1131 the index entry key. */ 1132 union { 1133 struct { 1134 GUID birth_volume_id; 1135 GUID birth_object_id; 1136 GUID domain_id; 1137 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) origin; 1138 u8 extended_info[48]; 1139 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) opt; 1140 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) OBJ_ID_INDEX_DATA; 1141 1142 /* 1143 * Attribute: Object id (NTFS 3.0+) (0x40). 1144 * 1145 * NOTE: Always resident. 1146 */ 1147 typedef struct { 1148 GUID object_id; /* Unique id assigned to the 1149 file.*/ 1150 /* The following fields are optional. The attribute value size is 16 1151 bytes, i.e. sizeof(GUID), if these are not present at all. Note, 1152 the entries can be present but one or more (or all) can be zero 1153 meaning that that particular value(s) is(are) not defined. */ 1154 union { 1155 struct { 1156 GUID birth_volume_id; /* Unique id of volume on which 1157 the file was first created.*/ 1158 GUID birth_object_id; /* Unique id of file when it was 1159 first created. */ 1160 GUID domain_id; /* Reserved, zero. */ 1161 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) origin; 1162 u8 extended_info[48]; 1163 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) opt; 1164 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) OBJECT_ID_ATTR; 1165 1166 /* 1167 * The pre-defined IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES used as SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY in 1168 * the SID structure (see below). 1169 */ 1170 //typedef enum { /* SID string prefix. */ 1171 // SECURITY_NULL_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, /* S-1-0 */ 1172 // SECURITY_WORLD_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1}, /* S-1-1 */ 1173 // SECURITY_LOCAL_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2}, /* S-1-2 */ 1174 // SECURITY_CREATOR_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3}, /* S-1-3 */ 1175 // SECURITY_NON_UNIQUE_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4}, /* S-1-4 */ 1176 // SECURITY_NT_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5}, /* S-1-5 */ 1177 //} IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES; 1178 1179 /* 1180 * These relative identifiers (RIDs) are used with the above identifier 1181 * authorities to make up universal well-known SIDs. 1182 * 1183 * Note: The relative identifier (RID) refers to the portion of a SID, which 1184 * identifies a user or group in relation to the authority that issued the SID. 1185 * For example, the universal well-known SID Creator Owner ID (S-1-3-0) is 1186 * made up of the identifier authority SECURITY_CREATOR_SID_AUTHORITY (3) and 1187 * the relative identifier SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_RID (0). 1188 */ 1189 typedef enum { /* Identifier authority. */ 1190 SECURITY_NULL_RID = 0, /* S-1-0 */ 1191 SECURITY_WORLD_RID = 0, /* S-1-1 */ 1192 SECURITY_LOCAL_RID = 0, /* S-1-2 */ 1193 1194 SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_RID = 0, /* S-1-3 */ 1195 SECURITY_CREATOR_GROUP_RID = 1, /* S-1-3 */ 1196 1197 SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_SERVER_RID = 2, /* S-1-3 */ 1198 SECURITY_CREATOR_GROUP_SERVER_RID = 3, /* S-1-3 */ 1199 1200 SECURITY_DIALUP_RID = 1, 1201 SECURITY_NETWORK_RID = 2, 1202 SECURITY_BATCH_RID = 3, 1203 SECURITY_INTERACTIVE_RID = 4, 1204 SECURITY_SERVICE_RID = 6, 1205 SECURITY_ANONYMOUS_LOGON_RID = 7, 1206 SECURITY_PROXY_RID = 8, 1207 SECURITY_ENTERPRISE_CONTROLLERS_RID=9, 1208 SECURITY_SERVER_LOGON_RID = 9, 1209 SECURITY_PRINCIPAL_SELF_RID = 0xa, 1210 SECURITY_AUTHENTICATED_USER_RID = 0xb, 1211 SECURITY_RESTRICTED_CODE_RID = 0xc, 1212 SECURITY_TERMINAL_SERVER_RID = 0xd, 1213 1214 SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID = 5, 1215 SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID_COUNT = 3, 1216 1217 SECURITY_LOCAL_SYSTEM_RID = 0x12, 1218 1219 SECURITY_NT_NON_UNIQUE = 0x15, 1220 1221 SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID = 0x20, 1222 1223 /* 1224 * Well-known domain relative sub-authority values (RIDs). 1225 */ 1226 1227 /* Users. */ 1228 DOMAIN_USER_RID_ADMIN = 0x1f4, 1229 DOMAIN_USER_RID_GUEST = 0x1f5, 1230 DOMAIN_USER_RID_KRBTGT = 0x1f6, 1231 1232 /* Groups. */ 1233 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ADMINS = 0x200, 1234 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS = 0x201, 1235 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_GUESTS = 0x202, 1236 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_COMPUTERS = 0x203, 1237 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_CONTROLLERS = 0x204, 1238 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_CERT_ADMINS = 0x205, 1239 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_SCHEMA_ADMINS = 0x206, 1240 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ENTERPRISE_ADMINS= 0x207, 1241 DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_POLICY_ADMINS = 0x208, 1242 1243 /* Aliases. */ 1244 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS = 0x220, 1245 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_USERS = 0x221, 1246 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_GUESTS = 0x222, 1247 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_POWER_USERS = 0x223, 1248 1249 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ACCOUNT_OPS = 0x224, 1250 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_SYSTEM_OPS = 0x225, 1251 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PRINT_OPS = 0x226, 1252 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_BACKUP_OPS = 0x227, 1253 1254 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_REPLICATOR = 0x228, 1255 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_RAS_SERVERS = 0x229, 1256 DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PREW2KCOMPACCESS = 0x22a, 1257 } RELATIVE_IDENTIFIERS; 1258 1259 /* 1260 * The universal well-known SIDs: 1261 * 1262 * NULL_SID S-1-0-0 1263 * WORLD_SID S-1-1-0 1264 * LOCAL_SID S-1-2-0 1265 * CREATOR_OWNER_SID S-1-3-0 1266 * CREATOR_GROUP_SID S-1-3-1 1267 * CREATOR_OWNER_SERVER_SID S-1-3-2 1268 * CREATOR_GROUP_SERVER_SID S-1-3-3 1269 * 1270 * (Non-unique IDs) S-1-4 1271 * 1272 * NT well-known SIDs: 1273 * 1274 * NT_AUTHORITY_SID S-1-5 1275 * DIALUP_SID S-1-5-1 1276 * 1277 * NETWORD_SID S-1-5-2 1278 * BATCH_SID S-1-5-3 1279 * INTERACTIVE_SID S-1-5-4 1280 * SERVICE_SID S-1-5-6 1281 * ANONYMOUS_LOGON_SID S-1-5-7 (aka null logon session) 1282 * PROXY_SID S-1-5-8 1283 * SERVER_LOGON_SID S-1-5-9 (aka domain controller account) 1284 * SELF_SID S-1-5-10 (self RID) 1285 * AUTHENTICATED_USER_SID S-1-5-11 1286 * RESTRICTED_CODE_SID S-1-5-12 (running restricted code) 1287 * TERMINAL_SERVER_SID S-1-5-13 (running on terminal server) 1288 * 1289 * (Logon IDs) S-1-5-5-X-Y 1290 * 1291 * (NT non-unique IDs) S-1-5-0x15-... 1292 * 1293 * (Built-in domain) S-1-5-0x20 1294 */ 1295 1296 /* 1297 * The SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY is a 48-bit value used in the SID structure. 1298 * 1299 * NOTE: This is stored as a big endian number, hence the high_part comes 1300 * before the low_part. 1301 */ 1302 typedef union { 1303 struct { 1304 u16 high_part; /* High 16-bits. */ 1305 u32 low_part; /* Low 32-bits. */ 1306 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) parts; 1307 u8 value[6]; /* Value as individual bytes. */ 1308 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY; 1309 1310 /* 1311 * The SID structure is a variable-length structure used to uniquely identify 1312 * users or groups. SID stands for security identifier. 1313 * 1314 * The standard textual representation of the SID is of the form: 1315 * S-R-I-S-S... 1316 * Where: 1317 * - The first "S" is the literal character 'S' identifying the following 1318 * digits as a SID. 1319 * - R is the revision level of the SID expressed as a sequence of digits 1320 * either in decimal or hexadecimal (if the later, prefixed by "0x"). 1321 * - I is the 48-bit identifier_authority, expressed as digits as R above. 1322 * - S... is one or more sub_authority values, expressed as digits as above. 1323 * 1324 * Example SID; the domain-relative SID of the local Administrators group on 1325 * Windows NT/2k: 1326 * S-1-5-32-544 1327 * This translates to a SID with: 1328 * revision = 1, 1329 * sub_authority_count = 2, 1330 * identifier_authority = {0,0,0,0,0,5}, // SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY 1331 * sub_authority[0] = 32, // SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID 1332 * sub_authority[1] = 544 // DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS 1333 */ 1334 typedef struct { 1335 u8 revision; 1336 u8 sub_authority_count; 1337 SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY identifier_authority; 1338 le32 sub_authority[1]; /* At least one sub_authority. */ 1339 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SID; 1340 1341 /* 1342 * Current constants for SIDs. 1343 */ 1344 typedef enum { 1345 SID_REVISION = 1, /* Current revision level. */ 1346 SID_MAX_SUB_AUTHORITIES = 15, /* Maximum number of those. */ 1347 SID_RECOMMENDED_SUB_AUTHORITIES = 1, /* Will change to around 6 in 1348 a future revision. */ 1349 } SID_CONSTANTS; 1350 1351 /* 1352 * The predefined ACE types (8-bit, see below). 1353 */ 1354 enum { 1355 ACCESS_MIN_MS_ACE_TYPE = 0, 1356 ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE = 0, 1357 ACCESS_DENIED_ACE_TYPE = 1, 1358 SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE_TYPE = 2, 1359 SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE_TYPE = 3, /* Not implemented as of Win2k. */ 1360 ACCESS_MAX_MS_V2_ACE_TYPE = 3, 1361 1362 ACCESS_ALLOWED_COMPOUND_ACE_TYPE= 4, 1363 ACCESS_MAX_MS_V3_ACE_TYPE = 4, 1364 1365 /* The following are Win2k only. */ 1366 ACCESS_MIN_MS_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 5, 1367 ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 5, 1368 ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 6, 1369 SYSTEM_AUDIT_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 7, 1370 SYSTEM_ALARM_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 8, 1371 ACCESS_MAX_MS_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 8, 1372 1373 ACCESS_MAX_MS_V4_ACE_TYPE = 8, 1374 1375 /* This one is for WinNT/2k. */ 1376 ACCESS_MAX_MS_ACE_TYPE = 8, 1377 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 1378 1379 typedef u8 ACE_TYPES; 1380 1381 /* 1382 * The ACE flags (8-bit) for audit and inheritance (see below). 1383 * 1384 * SUCCESSFUL_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG is only used with system audit and alarm ACE 1385 * types to indicate that a message is generated (in Windows!) for successful 1386 * accesses. 1387 * 1388 * FAILED_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG is only used with system audit and alarm ACE types 1389 * to indicate that a message is generated (in Windows!) for failed accesses. 1390 */ 1391 enum { 1392 /* The inheritance flags. */ 1393 OBJECT_INHERIT_ACE = 0x01, 1394 CONTAINER_INHERIT_ACE = 0x02, 1395 NO_PROPAGATE_INHERIT_ACE = 0x04, 1396 INHERIT_ONLY_ACE = 0x08, 1397 INHERITED_ACE = 0x10, /* Win2k only. */ 1398 VALID_INHERIT_FLAGS = 0x1f, 1399 1400 /* The audit flags. */ 1401 SUCCESSFUL_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG = 0x40, 1402 FAILED_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG = 0x80, 1403 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 1404 1405 typedef u8 ACE_FLAGS; 1406 1407 /* 1408 * An ACE is an access-control entry in an access-control list (ACL). 1409 * An ACE defines access to an object for a specific user or group or defines 1410 * the types of access that generate system-administration messages or alarms 1411 * for a specific user or group. The user or group is identified by a security 1412 * identifier (SID). 1413 * 1414 * Each ACE starts with an ACE_HEADER structure (aligned on 4-byte boundary), 1415 * which specifies the type and size of the ACE. The format of the subsequent 1416 * data depends on the ACE type. 1417 */ 1418 typedef struct { 1419 /*Ofs*/ 1420 /* 0*/ ACE_TYPES type; /* Type of the ACE. */ 1421 /* 1*/ ACE_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the ACE. */ 1422 /* 2*/ le16 size; /* Size in bytes of the ACE. */ 1423 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACE_HEADER; 1424 1425 /* 1426 * The access mask (32-bit). Defines the access rights. 1427 * 1428 * The specific rights (bits 0 to 15). These depend on the type of the object 1429 * being secured by the ACE. 1430 */ 1431 enum { 1432 /* Specific rights for files and directories are as follows: */ 1433 1434 /* Right to read data from the file. (FILE) */ 1435 FILE_READ_DATA = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 1436 /* Right to list contents of a directory. (DIRECTORY) */ 1437 FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 1438 1439 /* Right to write data to the file. (FILE) */ 1440 FILE_WRITE_DATA = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000002), 1441 /* Right to create a file in the directory. (DIRECTORY) */ 1442 FILE_ADD_FILE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000002), 1443 1444 /* Right to append data to the file. (FILE) */ 1445 FILE_APPEND_DATA = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000004), 1446 /* Right to create a subdirectory. (DIRECTORY) */ 1447 FILE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000004), 1448 1449 /* Right to read extended attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */ 1450 FILE_READ_EA = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000008), 1451 1452 /* Right to write extended attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */ 1453 FILE_WRITE_EA = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000010), 1454 1455 /* Right to execute a file. (FILE) */ 1456 FILE_EXECUTE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000020), 1457 /* Right to traverse the directory. (DIRECTORY) */ 1458 FILE_TRAVERSE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000020), 1459 1460 /* 1461 * Right to delete a directory and all the files it contains (its 1462 * children), even if the files are read-only. (DIRECTORY) 1463 */ 1464 FILE_DELETE_CHILD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000040), 1465 1466 /* Right to read file attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */ 1467 FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000080), 1468 1469 /* Right to change file attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */ 1470 FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000100), 1471 1472 /* 1473 * The standard rights (bits 16 to 23). These are independent of the 1474 * type of object being secured. 1475 */ 1476 1477 /* Right to delete the object. */ 1478 DELETE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00010000), 1479 1480 /* 1481 * Right to read the information in the object's security descriptor, 1482 * not including the information in the SACL, i.e. right to read the 1483 * security descriptor and owner. 1484 */ 1485 READ_CONTROL = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00020000), 1486 1487 /* Right to modify the DACL in the object's security descriptor. */ 1488 WRITE_DAC = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00040000), 1489 1490 /* Right to change the owner in the object's security descriptor. */ 1491 WRITE_OWNER = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00080000), 1492 1493 /* 1494 * Right to use the object for synchronization. Enables a process to 1495 * wait until the object is in the signalled state. Some object types 1496 * do not support this access right. 1497 */ 1498 SYNCHRONIZE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00100000), 1499 1500 /* 1501 * The following STANDARD_RIGHTS_* are combinations of the above for 1502 * convenience and are defined by the Win32 API. 1503 */ 1504 1505 /* These are currently defined to READ_CONTROL. */ 1506 STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00020000), 1507 STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00020000), 1508 STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00020000), 1509 1510 /* Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, and WRITE_OWNER access. */ 1511 STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x000f0000), 1512 1513 /* 1514 * Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, WRITE_OWNER, and 1515 * SYNCHRONIZE access. 1516 */ 1517 STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL = const_cpu_to_le32(0x001f0000), 1518 1519 /* 1520 * The access system ACL and maximum allowed access types (bits 24 to 1521 * 25, bits 26 to 27 are reserved). 1522 */ 1523 ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x01000000), 1524 MAXIMUM_ALLOWED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x02000000), 1525 1526 /* 1527 * The generic rights (bits 28 to 31). These map onto the standard and 1528 * specific rights. 1529 */ 1530 1531 /* Read, write, and execute access. */ 1532 GENERIC_ALL = const_cpu_to_le32(0x10000000), 1533 1534 /* Execute access. */ 1535 GENERIC_EXECUTE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x20000000), 1536 1537 /* 1538 * Write access. For files, this maps onto: 1539 * FILE_APPEND_DATA | FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_WRITE_DATA | 1540 * FILE_WRITE_EA | STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE | SYNCHRONIZE 1541 * For directories, the mapping has the same numerical value. See 1542 * above for the descriptions of the rights granted. 1543 */ 1544 GENERIC_WRITE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x40000000), 1545 1546 /* 1547 * Read access. For files, this maps onto: 1548 * FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_READ_DATA | FILE_READ_EA | 1549 * STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ | SYNCHRONIZE 1550 * For directories, the mapping has the same numberical value. See 1551 * above for the descriptions of the rights granted. 1552 */ 1553 GENERIC_READ = const_cpu_to_le32(0x80000000), 1554 }; 1555 1556 typedef le32 ACCESS_MASK; 1557 1558 /* 1559 * The generic mapping array. Used to denote the mapping of each generic 1560 * access right to a specific access mask. 1561 * 1562 * FIXME: What exactly is this and what is it for? (AIA) 1563 */ 1564 typedef struct { 1565 ACCESS_MASK generic_read; 1566 ACCESS_MASK generic_write; 1567 ACCESS_MASK generic_execute; 1568 ACCESS_MASK generic_all; 1569 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) GENERIC_MAPPING; 1570 1571 /* 1572 * The predefined ACE type structures are as defined below. 1573 */ 1574 1575 /* 1576 * ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, ACCESS_DENIED_ACE, SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE 1577 */ 1578 typedef struct { 1579 /* 0 ACE_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */ 1580 ACE_TYPES type; /* Type of the ACE. */ 1581 ACE_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the ACE. */ 1582 le16 size; /* Size in bytes of the ACE. */ 1583 /* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask; /* Access mask associated with the ACE. */ 1584 1585 /* 8*/ SID sid; /* The SID associated with the ACE. */ 1586 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, ACCESS_DENIED_ACE, 1587 SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE; 1588 1589 /* 1590 * The object ACE flags (32-bit). 1591 */ 1592 enum { 1593 ACE_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT = const_cpu_to_le32(1), 1594 ACE_INHERITED_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT = const_cpu_to_le32(2), 1595 }; 1596 1597 typedef le32 OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS; 1598 1599 typedef struct { 1600 /* 0 ACE_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */ 1601 ACE_TYPES type; /* Type of the ACE. */ 1602 ACE_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the ACE. */ 1603 le16 size; /* Size in bytes of the ACE. */ 1604 /* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask; /* Access mask associated with the ACE. */ 1605 1606 /* 8*/ OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS object_flags; /* Flags describing the object ACE. */ 1607 /* 12*/ GUID object_type; 1608 /* 28*/ GUID inherited_object_type; 1609 1610 /* 44*/ SID sid; /* The SID associated with the ACE. */ 1611 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE, 1612 ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT_ACE, 1613 SYSTEM_AUDIT_OBJECT_ACE, 1614 SYSTEM_ALARM_OBJECT_ACE; 1615 1616 /* 1617 * An ACL is an access-control list (ACL). 1618 * An ACL starts with an ACL header structure, which specifies the size of 1619 * the ACL and the number of ACEs it contains. The ACL header is followed by 1620 * zero or more access control entries (ACEs). The ACL as well as each ACE 1621 * are aligned on 4-byte boundaries. 1622 */ 1623 typedef struct { 1624 u8 revision; /* Revision of this ACL. */ 1625 u8 alignment1; 1626 le16 size; /* Allocated space in bytes for ACL. Includes this 1627 header, the ACEs and the remaining free space. */ 1628 le16 ace_count; /* Number of ACEs in the ACL. */ 1629 le16 alignment2; 1630 /* sizeof() = 8 bytes */ 1631 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACL; 1632 1633 /* 1634 * Current constants for ACLs. 1635 */ 1636 typedef enum { 1637 /* Current revision. */ 1638 ACL_REVISION = 2, 1639 ACL_REVISION_DS = 4, 1640 1641 /* History of revisions. */ 1642 ACL_REVISION1 = 1, 1643 MIN_ACL_REVISION = 2, 1644 ACL_REVISION2 = 2, 1645 ACL_REVISION3 = 3, 1646 ACL_REVISION4 = 4, 1647 MAX_ACL_REVISION = 4, 1648 } ACL_CONSTANTS; 1649 1650 /* 1651 * The security descriptor control flags (16-bit). 1652 * 1653 * SE_OWNER_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the SID 1654 * pointed to by the Owner field was provided by a defaulting mechanism 1655 * rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of the 1656 * security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the SID with 1657 * respect to inheritence of an owner. 1658 * 1659 * SE_GROUP_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the SID in 1660 * the Group field was provided by a defaulting mechanism rather than 1661 * explicitly provided by the original provider of the security 1662 * descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the SID with respect to 1663 * inheritence of a primary group. 1664 * 1665 * SE_DACL_PRESENT - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the security 1666 * descriptor contains a discretionary ACL. If this flag is set and the 1667 * Dacl field of the SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR is null, then a null ACL is 1668 * explicitly being specified. 1669 * 1670 * SE_DACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the ACL 1671 * pointed to by the Dacl field was provided by a defaulting mechanism 1672 * rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of the 1673 * security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the ACL with 1674 * respect to inheritence of an ACL. This flag is ignored if the 1675 * DaclPresent flag is not set. 1676 * 1677 * SE_SACL_PRESENT - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the security 1678 * descriptor contains a system ACL pointed to by the Sacl field. If this 1679 * flag is set and the Sacl field of the SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR is null, then 1680 * an empty (but present) ACL is being specified. 1681 * 1682 * SE_SACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the ACL 1683 * pointed to by the Sacl field was provided by a defaulting mechanism 1684 * rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of the 1685 * security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the ACL with 1686 * respect to inheritence of an ACL. This flag is ignored if the 1687 * SaclPresent flag is not set. 1688 * 1689 * SE_SELF_RELATIVE - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the security 1690 * descriptor is in self-relative form. In this form, all fields of the 1691 * security descriptor are contiguous in memory and all pointer fields are 1692 * expressed as offsets from the beginning of the security descriptor. 1693 */ 1694 enum { 1695 SE_OWNER_DEFAULTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0001), 1696 SE_GROUP_DEFAULTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0002), 1697 SE_DACL_PRESENT = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0004), 1698 SE_DACL_DEFAULTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0008), 1699 1700 SE_SACL_PRESENT = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0010), 1701 SE_SACL_DEFAULTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0020), 1702 1703 SE_DACL_AUTO_INHERIT_REQ = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0100), 1704 SE_SACL_AUTO_INHERIT_REQ = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0200), 1705 SE_DACL_AUTO_INHERITED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0400), 1706 SE_SACL_AUTO_INHERITED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0800), 1707 1708 SE_DACL_PROTECTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x1000), 1709 SE_SACL_PROTECTED = const_cpu_to_le16(0x2000), 1710 SE_RM_CONTROL_VALID = const_cpu_to_le16(0x4000), 1711 SE_SELF_RELATIVE = const_cpu_to_le16(0x8000) 1712 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 1713 1714 typedef le16 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL; 1715 1716 /* 1717 * Self-relative security descriptor. Contains the owner and group SIDs as well 1718 * as the sacl and dacl ACLs inside the security descriptor itself. 1719 */ 1720 typedef struct { 1721 u8 revision; /* Revision level of the security descriptor. */ 1722 u8 alignment; 1723 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL control; /* Flags qualifying the type of 1724 the descriptor as well as the following fields. */ 1725 le32 owner; /* Byte offset to a SID representing an object's 1726 owner. If this is NULL, no owner SID is present in 1727 the descriptor. */ 1728 le32 group; /* Byte offset to a SID representing an object's 1729 primary group. If this is NULL, no primary group 1730 SID is present in the descriptor. */ 1731 le32 sacl; /* Byte offset to a system ACL. Only valid, if 1732 SE_SACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If 1733 SE_SACL_PRESENT is set but sacl is NULL, a NULL ACL 1734 is specified. */ 1735 le32 dacl; /* Byte offset to a discretionary ACL. Only valid, if 1736 SE_DACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If 1737 SE_DACL_PRESENT is set but dacl is NULL, a NULL ACL 1738 (unconditionally granting access) is specified. */ 1739 /* sizeof() = 0x14 bytes */ 1740 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE; 1741 1742 /* 1743 * Absolute security descriptor. Does not contain the owner and group SIDs, nor 1744 * the sacl and dacl ACLs inside the security descriptor. Instead, it contains 1745 * pointers to these structures in memory. Obviously, absolute security 1746 * descriptors are only useful for in memory representations of security 1747 * descriptors. On disk, a self-relative security descriptor is used. 1748 */ 1749 typedef struct { 1750 u8 revision; /* Revision level of the security descriptor. */ 1751 u8 alignment; 1752 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL control; /* Flags qualifying the type of 1753 the descriptor as well as the following fields. */ 1754 SID *owner; /* Points to a SID representing an object's owner. If 1755 this is NULL, no owner SID is present in the 1756 descriptor. */ 1757 SID *group; /* Points to a SID representing an object's primary 1758 group. If this is NULL, no primary group SID is 1759 present in the descriptor. */ 1760 ACL *sacl; /* Points to a system ACL. Only valid, if 1761 SE_SACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If 1762 SE_SACL_PRESENT is set but sacl is NULL, a NULL ACL 1763 is specified. */ 1764 ACL *dacl; /* Points to a discretionary ACL. Only valid, if 1765 SE_DACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If 1766 SE_DACL_PRESENT is set but dacl is NULL, a NULL ACL 1767 (unconditionally granting access) is specified. */ 1768 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR; 1769 1770 /* 1771 * Current constants for security descriptors. 1772 */ 1773 typedef enum { 1774 /* Current revision. */ 1775 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION = 1, 1776 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION1 = 1, 1777 1778 /* The sizes of both the absolute and relative security descriptors is 1779 the same as pointers, at least on ia32 architecture are 32-bit. */ 1780 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_LENGTH = sizeof(SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR), 1781 } SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONSTANTS; 1782 1783 /* 1784 * Attribute: Security descriptor (0x50). A standard self-relative security 1785 * descriptor. 1786 * 1787 * NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident. 1788 * NOTE: Not used in NTFS 3.0+, as security descriptors are stored centrally 1789 * in FILE_Secure and the correct descriptor is found using the security_id 1790 * from the standard information attribute. 1791 */ 1792 typedef SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_ATTR; 1793 1794 /* 1795 * On NTFS 3.0+, all security descriptors are stored in FILE_Secure. Only one 1796 * referenced instance of each unique security descriptor is stored. 1797 * 1798 * FILE_Secure contains no unnamed data attribute, i.e. it has zero length. It 1799 * does, however, contain two indexes ($SDH and $SII) as well as a named data 1800 * stream ($SDS). 1801 * 1802 * Every unique security descriptor is assigned a unique security identifier 1803 * (security_id, not to be confused with a SID). The security_id is unique for 1804 * the NTFS volume and is used as an index into the $SII index, which maps 1805 * security_ids to the security descriptor's storage location within the $SDS 1806 * data attribute. The $SII index is sorted by ascending security_id. 1807 * 1808 * A simple hash is computed from each security descriptor. This hash is used 1809 * as an index into the $SDH index, which maps security descriptor hashes to 1810 * the security descriptor's storage location within the $SDS data attribute. 1811 * The $SDH index is sorted by security descriptor hash and is stored in a B+ 1812 * tree. When searching $SDH (with the intent of determining whether or not a 1813 * new security descriptor is already present in the $SDS data stream), if a 1814 * matching hash is found, but the security descriptors do not match, the 1815 * search in the $SDH index is continued, searching for a next matching hash. 1816 * 1817 * When a precise match is found, the security_id coresponding to the security 1818 * descriptor in the $SDS attribute is read from the found $SDH index entry and 1819 * is stored in the $STANDARD_INFORMATION attribute of the file/directory to 1820 * which the security descriptor is being applied. The $STANDARD_INFORMATION 1821 * attribute is present in all base mft records (i.e. in all files and 1822 * directories). 1823 * 1824 * If a match is not found, the security descriptor is assigned a new unique 1825 * security_id and is added to the $SDS data attribute. Then, entries 1826 * referencing the this security descriptor in the $SDS data attribute are 1827 * added to the $SDH and $SII indexes. 1828 * 1829 * Note: Entries are never deleted from FILE_Secure, even if nothing 1830 * references an entry any more. 1831 */ 1832 1833 /* 1834 * This header precedes each security descriptor in the $SDS data stream. 1835 * This is also the index entry data part of both the $SII and $SDH indexes. 1836 */ 1837 typedef struct { 1838 le32 hash; /* Hash of the security descriptor. */ 1839 le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */ 1840 le64 offset; /* Byte offset of this entry in the $SDS stream. */ 1841 le32 length; /* Size in bytes of this entry in $SDS stream. */ 1842 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER; 1843 1844 /* 1845 * The $SDS data stream contains the security descriptors, aligned on 16-byte 1846 * boundaries, sorted by security_id in a B+ tree. Security descriptors cannot 1847 * cross 256kib boundaries (this restriction is imposed by the Windows cache 1848 * manager). Each security descriptor is contained in a SDS_ENTRY structure. 1849 * Also, each security descriptor is stored twice in the $SDS stream with a 1850 * fixed offset of 0x40000 bytes (256kib, the Windows cache manager's max size) 1851 * between them; i.e. if a SDS_ENTRY specifies an offset of 0x51d0, then the 1852 * the first copy of the security descriptor will be at offset 0x51d0 in the 1853 * $SDS data stream and the second copy will be at offset 0x451d0. 1854 */ 1855 typedef struct { 1856 /*Ofs*/ 1857 /* 0 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like 1858 unnamed structs. */ 1859 le32 hash; /* Hash of the security descriptor. */ 1860 le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */ 1861 le64 offset; /* Byte offset of this entry in the $SDS stream. */ 1862 le32 length; /* Size in bytes of this entry in $SDS stream. */ 1863 /* 20*/ SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE sid; /* The self-relative security 1864 descriptor. */ 1865 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SDS_ENTRY; 1866 1867 /* 1868 * The index entry key used in the $SII index. The collation type is 1869 * COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG. 1870 */ 1871 typedef struct { 1872 le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */ 1873 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SII_INDEX_KEY; 1874 1875 /* 1876 * The index entry key used in the $SDH index. The keys are sorted first by 1877 * hash and then by security_id. The collation rule is 1878 * COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH. 1879 */ 1880 typedef struct { 1881 le32 hash; /* Hash of the security descriptor. */ 1882 le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */ 1883 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SDH_INDEX_KEY; 1884 1885 /* 1886 * Attribute: Volume name (0x60). 1887 * 1888 * NOTE: Always resident. 1889 * NOTE: Present only in FILE_Volume. 1890 */ 1891 typedef struct { 1892 ntfschar name[0]; /* The name of the volume in Unicode. */ 1893 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) VOLUME_NAME; 1894 1895 /* 1896 * Possible flags for the volume (16-bit). 1897 */ 1898 enum { 1899 VOLUME_IS_DIRTY = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0001), 1900 VOLUME_RESIZE_LOG_FILE = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0002), 1901 VOLUME_UPGRADE_ON_MOUNT = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0004), 1902 VOLUME_MOUNTED_ON_NT4 = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0008), 1903 1904 VOLUME_DELETE_USN_UNDERWAY = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0010), 1905 VOLUME_REPAIR_OBJECT_ID = const_cpu_to_le16(0x0020), 1906 1907 VOLUME_MODIFIED_BY_CHKDSK = const_cpu_to_le16(0x8000), 1908 1909 VOLUME_FLAGS_MASK = const_cpu_to_le16(0x803f), 1910 1911 /* To make our life easier when checking if we must mount read-only. */ 1912 VOLUME_MUST_MOUNT_RO_MASK = const_cpu_to_le16(0x8027), 1913 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 1914 1915 typedef le16 VOLUME_FLAGS; 1916 1917 /* 1918 * Attribute: Volume information (0x70). 1919 * 1920 * NOTE: Always resident. 1921 * NOTE: Present only in FILE_Volume. 1922 * NOTE: Windows 2000 uses NTFS 3.0 while Windows NT4 service pack 6a uses 1923 * NTFS 1.2. I haven't personally seen other values yet. 1924 */ 1925 typedef struct { 1926 le64 reserved; /* Not used (yet?). */ 1927 u8 major_ver; /* Major version of the ntfs format. */ 1928 u8 minor_ver; /* Minor version of the ntfs format. */ 1929 VOLUME_FLAGS flags; /* Bit array of VOLUME_* flags. */ 1930 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) VOLUME_INFORMATION; 1931 1932 /* 1933 * Attribute: Data attribute (0x80). 1934 * 1935 * NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident. 1936 * 1937 * Data contents of a file (i.e. the unnamed stream) or of a named stream. 1938 */ 1939 typedef struct { 1940 u8 data[0]; /* The file's data contents. */ 1941 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) DATA_ATTR; 1942 1943 /* 1944 * Index header flags (8-bit). 1945 */ 1946 enum { 1947 /* 1948 * When index header is in an index root attribute: 1949 */ 1950 SMALL_INDEX = 0, /* The index is small enough to fit inside the index 1951 root attribute and there is no index allocation 1952 attribute present. */ 1953 LARGE_INDEX = 1, /* The index is too large to fit in the index root 1954 attribute and/or an index allocation attribute is 1955 present. */ 1956 /* 1957 * When index header is in an index block, i.e. is part of index 1958 * allocation attribute: 1959 */ 1960 LEAF_NODE = 0, /* This is a leaf node, i.e. there are no more nodes 1961 branching off it. */ 1962 INDEX_NODE = 1, /* This node indexes other nodes, i.e. it is not a leaf 1963 node. */ 1964 NODE_MASK = 1, /* Mask for accessing the *_NODE bits. */ 1965 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 1966 1967 typedef u8 INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS; 1968 1969 /* 1970 * This is the header for indexes, describing the INDEX_ENTRY records, which 1971 * follow the INDEX_HEADER. Together the index header and the index entries 1972 * make up a complete index. 1973 * 1974 * IMPORTANT NOTE: The offset, length and size structure members are counted 1975 * relative to the start of the index header structure and not relative to the 1976 * start of the index root or index allocation structures themselves. 1977 */ 1978 typedef struct { 1979 le32 entries_offset; /* Byte offset to first INDEX_ENTRY 1980 aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 1981 le32 index_length; /* Data size of the index in bytes, 1982 i.e. bytes used from allocated 1983 size, aligned to 8-byte boundary. */ 1984 le32 allocated_size; /* Byte size of this index (block), 1985 multiple of 8 bytes. */ 1986 /* NOTE: For the index root attribute, the above two numbers are always 1987 equal, as the attribute is resident and it is resized as needed. In 1988 the case of the index allocation attribute the attribute is not 1989 resident and hence the allocated_size is a fixed value and must 1990 equal the index_block_size specified by the INDEX_ROOT attribute 1991 corresponding to the INDEX_ALLOCATION attribute this INDEX_BLOCK 1992 belongs to. */ 1993 INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS. */ 1994 u8 reserved[3]; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */ 1995 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_HEADER; 1996 1997 /* 1998 * Attribute: Index root (0x90). 1999 * 2000 * NOTE: Always resident. 2001 * 2002 * This is followed by a sequence of index entries (INDEX_ENTRY structures) 2003 * as described by the index header. 2004 * 2005 * When a directory is small enough to fit inside the index root then this 2006 * is the only attribute describing the directory. When the directory is too 2007 * large to fit in the index root, on the other hand, two aditional attributes 2008 * are present: an index allocation attribute, containing sub-nodes of the B+ 2009 * directory tree (see below), and a bitmap attribute, describing which virtual 2010 * cluster numbers (vcns) in the index allocation attribute are in use by an 2011 * index block. 2012 * 2013 * NOTE: The root directory (FILE_root) contains an entry for itself. Other 2014 * dircetories do not contain entries for themselves, though. 2015 */ 2016 typedef struct { 2017 ATTR_TYPE type; /* Type of the indexed attribute. Is 2018 $FILE_NAME for directories, zero 2019 for view indexes. No other values 2020 allowed. */ 2021 COLLATION_RULE collation_rule; /* Collation rule used to sort the 2022 index entries. If type is $FILE_NAME, 2023 this must be COLLATION_FILE_NAME. */ 2024 le32 index_block_size; /* Size of each index block in bytes (in 2025 the index allocation attribute). */ 2026 u8 clusters_per_index_block; /* Cluster size of each index block (in 2027 the index allocation attribute), when 2028 an index block is >= than a cluster, 2029 otherwise this will be the log of 2030 the size (like how the encoding of 2031 the mft record size and the index 2032 record size found in the boot sector 2033 work). Has to be a power of 2. */ 2034 u8 reserved[3]; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */ 2035 INDEX_HEADER index; /* Index header describing the 2036 following index entries. */ 2037 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_ROOT; 2038 2039 /* 2040 * Attribute: Index allocation (0xa0). 2041 * 2042 * NOTE: Always non-resident (doesn't make sense to be resident anyway!). 2043 * 2044 * This is an array of index blocks. Each index block starts with an 2045 * INDEX_BLOCK structure containing an index header, followed by a sequence of 2046 * index entries (INDEX_ENTRY structures), as described by the INDEX_HEADER. 2047 */ 2048 typedef struct { 2049 /* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */ 2050 NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* Magic is "INDX". */ 2051 le16 usa_ofs; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition. */ 2052 le16 usa_count; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition. */ 2053 2054 /* 8*/ sle64 lsn; /* $LogFile sequence number of the last 2055 modification of this index block. */ 2056 /* 16*/ leVCN index_block_vcn; /* Virtual cluster number of the index block. 2057 If the cluster_size on the volume is <= the 2058 index_block_size of the directory, 2059 index_block_vcn counts in units of clusters, 2060 and in units of sectors otherwise. */ 2061 /* 24*/ INDEX_HEADER index; /* Describes the following index entries. */ 2062 /* sizeof()= 40 (0x28) bytes */ 2063 /* 2064 * When creating the index block, we place the update sequence array at this 2065 * offset, i.e. before we start with the index entries. This also makes sense, 2066 * otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array 2067 * containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that 2068 * multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data 2069 * by overwriting it since you then can't get it back... 2070 * When reading use the data from the ntfs record header. 2071 */ 2072 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_BLOCK; 2073 2074 typedef INDEX_BLOCK INDEX_ALLOCATION; 2075 2076 /* 2077 * The system file FILE_Extend/$Reparse contains an index named $R listing 2078 * all reparse points on the volume. The index entry keys are as defined 2079 * below. Note, that there is no index data associated with the index entries. 2080 * 2081 * The index entries are sorted by the index key file_id. The collation rule is 2082 * COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS. FIXME: Verify whether the reparse_tag is not the 2083 * primary key / is not a key at all. (AIA) 2084 */ 2085 typedef struct { 2086 le32 reparse_tag; /* Reparse point type (inc. flags). */ 2087 leMFT_REF file_id; /* Mft record of the file containing the 2088 reparse point attribute. */ 2089 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) REPARSE_INDEX_KEY; 2090 2091 /* 2092 * Quota flags (32-bit). 2093 * 2094 * The user quota flags. Names explain meaning. 2095 */ 2096 enum { 2097 QUOTA_FLAG_DEFAULT_LIMITS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 2098 QUOTA_FLAG_LIMIT_REACHED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000002), 2099 QUOTA_FLAG_ID_DELETED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000004), 2100 2101 QUOTA_FLAG_USER_MASK = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000007), 2102 /* This is a bit mask for the user quota flags. */ 2103 2104 /* 2105 * These flags are only present in the quota defaults index entry, i.e. 2106 * in the entry where owner_id = QUOTA_DEFAULTS_ID. 2107 */ 2108 QUOTA_FLAG_TRACKING_ENABLED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000010), 2109 QUOTA_FLAG_ENFORCEMENT_ENABLED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000020), 2110 QUOTA_FLAG_TRACKING_REQUESTED = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000040), 2111 QUOTA_FLAG_LOG_THRESHOLD = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000080), 2112 2113 QUOTA_FLAG_LOG_LIMIT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000100), 2114 QUOTA_FLAG_OUT_OF_DATE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000200), 2115 QUOTA_FLAG_CORRUPT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000400), 2116 QUOTA_FLAG_PENDING_DELETES = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000800), 2117 }; 2118 2119 typedef le32 QUOTA_FLAGS; 2120 2121 /* 2122 * The system file FILE_Extend/$Quota contains two indexes $O and $Q. Quotas 2123 * are on a per volume and per user basis. 2124 * 2125 * The $Q index contains one entry for each existing user_id on the volume. The 2126 * index key is the user_id of the user/group owning this quota control entry, 2127 * i.e. the key is the owner_id. The user_id of the owner of a file, i.e. the 2128 * owner_id, is found in the standard information attribute. The collation rule 2129 * for $Q is COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG. 2130 * 2131 * The $O index contains one entry for each user/group who has been assigned 2132 * a quota on that volume. The index key holds the SID of the user_id the 2133 * entry belongs to, i.e. the owner_id. The collation rule for $O is 2134 * COLLATION_NTOFS_SID. 2135 * 2136 * The $O index entry data is the user_id of the user corresponding to the SID. 2137 * This user_id is used as an index into $Q to find the quota control entry 2138 * associated with the SID. 2139 * 2140 * The $Q index entry data is the quota control entry and is defined below. 2141 */ 2142 typedef struct { 2143 le32 version; /* Currently equals 2. */ 2144 QUOTA_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing this quota entry. */ 2145 le64 bytes_used; /* How many bytes of the quota are in use. */ 2146 sle64 change_time; /* Last time this quota entry was changed. */ 2147 sle64 threshold; /* Soft quota (-1 if not limited). */ 2148 sle64 limit; /* Hard quota (-1 if not limited). */ 2149 sle64 exceeded_time; /* How long the soft quota has been exceeded. */ 2150 SID sid; /* The SID of the user/object associated with 2151 this quota entry. Equals zero for the quota 2152 defaults entry (and in fact on a WinXP 2153 volume, it is not present at all). */ 2154 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) QUOTA_CONTROL_ENTRY; 2155 2156 /* 2157 * Predefined owner_id values (32-bit). 2158 */ 2159 enum { 2160 QUOTA_INVALID_ID = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000000), 2161 QUOTA_DEFAULTS_ID = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 2162 QUOTA_FIRST_USER_ID = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000100), 2163 }; 2164 2165 /* 2166 * Current constants for quota control entries. 2167 */ 2168 typedef enum { 2169 /* Current version. */ 2170 QUOTA_VERSION = 2, 2171 } QUOTA_CONTROL_ENTRY_CONSTANTS; 2172 2173 /* 2174 * Index entry flags (16-bit). 2175 */ 2176 enum { 2177 INDEX_ENTRY_NODE = const_cpu_to_le16(1), /* This entry contains a 2178 sub-node, i.e. a reference to an index block in form of 2179 a virtual cluster number (see below). */ 2180 INDEX_ENTRY_END = const_cpu_to_le16(2), /* This signifies the last 2181 entry in an index block. The index entry does not 2182 represent a file but it can point to a sub-node. */ 2183 2184 INDEX_ENTRY_SPACE_FILLER = const_cpu_to_le16(0xffff), /* gcc: Force 2185 enum bit width to 16-bit. */ 2186 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 2187 2188 typedef le16 INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS; 2189 2190 /* 2191 * This the index entry header (see below). 2192 */ 2193 typedef struct { 2194 /* 0*/ union { 2195 struct { /* Only valid when INDEX_ENTRY_END is not set. */ 2196 leMFT_REF indexed_file; /* The mft reference of the file 2197 described by this index 2198 entry. Used for directory 2199 indexes. */ 2200 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) dir; 2201 struct { /* Used for views/indexes to find the entry's data. */ 2202 le16 data_offset; /* Data byte offset from this 2203 INDEX_ENTRY. Follows the 2204 index key. */ 2205 le16 data_length; /* Data length in bytes. */ 2206 le32 reservedV; /* Reserved (zero). */ 2207 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vi; 2208 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) data; 2209 /* 8*/ le16 length; /* Byte size of this index entry, multiple of 2210 8-bytes. */ 2211 /* 10*/ le16 key_length; /* Byte size of the key value, which is in the 2212 index entry. It follows field reserved. Not 2213 multiple of 8-bytes. */ 2214 /* 12*/ INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_ENTRY_* flags. */ 2215 /* 14*/ le16 reserved; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */ 2216 /* sizeof() = 16 bytes */ 2217 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER; 2218 2219 /* 2220 * This is an index entry. A sequence of such entries follows each INDEX_HEADER 2221 * structure. Together they make up a complete index. The index follows either 2222 * an index root attribute or an index allocation attribute. 2223 * 2224 * NOTE: Before NTFS 3.0 only filename attributes were indexed. 2225 */ 2226 typedef struct { 2227 /*Ofs*/ 2228 /* 0 INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc dislikes unnamed structs. */ 2229 union { 2230 struct { /* Only valid when INDEX_ENTRY_END is not set. */ 2231 leMFT_REF indexed_file; /* The mft reference of the file 2232 described by this index 2233 entry. Used for directory 2234 indexes. */ 2235 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) dir; 2236 struct { /* Used for views/indexes to find the entry's data. */ 2237 le16 data_offset; /* Data byte offset from this 2238 INDEX_ENTRY. Follows the 2239 index key. */ 2240 le16 data_length; /* Data length in bytes. */ 2241 le32 reservedV; /* Reserved (zero). */ 2242 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vi; 2243 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) data; 2244 le16 length; /* Byte size of this index entry, multiple of 2245 8-bytes. */ 2246 le16 key_length; /* Byte size of the key value, which is in the 2247 index entry. It follows field reserved. Not 2248 multiple of 8-bytes. */ 2249 INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_ENTRY_* flags. */ 2250 le16 reserved; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */ 2251 2252 /* 16*/ union { /* The key of the indexed attribute. NOTE: Only present 2253 if INDEX_ENTRY_END bit in flags is not set. NOTE: On 2254 NTFS versions before 3.0 the only valid key is the 2255 FILE_NAME_ATTR. On NTFS 3.0+ the following 2256 additional index keys are defined: */ 2257 FILE_NAME_ATTR file_name;/* $I30 index in directories. */ 2258 SII_INDEX_KEY sii; /* $SII index in $Secure. */ 2259 SDH_INDEX_KEY sdh; /* $SDH index in $Secure. */ 2260 GUID object_id; /* $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId: The 2261 object_id of the mft record found in 2262 the data part of the index. */ 2263 REPARSE_INDEX_KEY reparse; /* $R index in 2264 FILE_Extend/$Reparse. */ 2265 SID sid; /* $O index in FILE_Extend/$Quota: 2266 SID of the owner of the user_id. */ 2267 le32 owner_id; /* $Q index in FILE_Extend/$Quota: 2268 user_id of the owner of the quota 2269 control entry in the data part of 2270 the index. */ 2271 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) key; 2272 /* The (optional) index data is inserted here when creating. */ 2273 // leVCN vcn; /* If INDEX_ENTRY_NODE bit in flags is set, the last 2274 // eight bytes of this index entry contain the virtual 2275 // cluster number of the index block that holds the 2276 // entries immediately preceding the current entry (the 2277 // vcn references the corresponding cluster in the data 2278 // of the non-resident index allocation attribute). If 2279 // the key_length is zero, then the vcn immediately 2280 // follows the INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER. Regardless of 2281 // key_length, the address of the 8-byte boundary 2282 // alligned vcn of INDEX_ENTRY{_HEADER} *ie is given by 2283 // (char*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie*)->length) - sizeof(VCN), 2284 // where sizeof(VCN) can be hardcoded as 8 if wanted. */ 2285 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY; 2286 2287 /* 2288 * Attribute: Bitmap (0xb0). 2289 * 2290 * Contains an array of bits (aka a bitfield). 2291 * 2292 * When used in conjunction with the index allocation attribute, each bit 2293 * corresponds to one index block within the index allocation attribute. Thus 2294 * the number of bits in the bitmap * index block size / cluster size is the 2295 * number of clusters in the index allocation attribute. 2296 */ 2297 typedef struct { 2298 u8 bitmap[0]; /* Array of bits. */ 2299 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) BITMAP_ATTR; 2300 2301 /* 2302 * The reparse point tag defines the type of the reparse point. It also 2303 * includes several flags, which further describe the reparse point. 2304 * 2305 * The reparse point tag is an unsigned 32-bit value divided in three parts: 2306 * 2307 * 1. The least significant 16 bits (i.e. bits 0 to 15) specifiy the type of 2308 * the reparse point. 2309 * 2. The 13 bits after this (i.e. bits 16 to 28) are reserved for future use. 2310 * 3. The most significant three bits are flags describing the reparse point. 2311 * They are defined as follows: 2312 * bit 29: Name surrogate bit. If set, the filename is an alias for 2313 * another object in the system. 2314 * bit 30: High-latency bit. If set, accessing the first byte of data will 2315 * be slow. (E.g. the data is stored on a tape drive.) 2316 * bit 31: Microsoft bit. If set, the tag is owned by Microsoft. User 2317 * defined tags have to use zero here. 2318 * 2319 * These are the predefined reparse point tags: 2320 */ 2321 enum { 2322 IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_ALIAS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x20000000), 2323 IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_HIGH_LATENCY = const_cpu_to_le32(0x40000000), 2324 IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_MICROSOFT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x80000000), 2325 2326 IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ZERO = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000000), 2327 IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ONE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 2328 IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_RANGE = const_cpu_to_le32(0x00000001), 2329 2330 IO_REPARSE_TAG_NSS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x68000005), 2331 IO_REPARSE_TAG_NSS_RECOVER = const_cpu_to_le32(0x68000006), 2332 IO_REPARSE_TAG_SIS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x68000007), 2333 IO_REPARSE_TAG_DFS = const_cpu_to_le32(0x68000008), 2334 2335 IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT = const_cpu_to_le32(0x88000003), 2336 2337 IO_REPARSE_TAG_HSM = const_cpu_to_le32(0xa8000004), 2338 2339 IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMBOLIC_LINK = const_cpu_to_le32(0xe8000000), 2340 2341 IO_REPARSE_TAG_VALID_VALUES = const_cpu_to_le32(0xe000ffff), 2342 }; 2343 2344 /* 2345 * Attribute: Reparse point (0xc0). 2346 * 2347 * NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident. 2348 */ 2349 typedef struct { 2350 le32 reparse_tag; /* Reparse point type (inc. flags). */ 2351 le16 reparse_data_length; /* Byte size of reparse data. */ 2352 le16 reserved; /* Align to 8-byte boundary. */ 2353 u8 reparse_data[0]; /* Meaning depends on reparse_tag. */ 2354 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) REPARSE_POINT; 2355 2356 /* 2357 * Attribute: Extended attribute (EA) information (0xd0). 2358 * 2359 * NOTE: Always resident. (Is this true???) 2360 */ 2361 typedef struct { 2362 le16 ea_length; /* Byte size of the packed extended 2363 attributes. */ 2364 le16 need_ea_count; /* The number of extended attributes which have 2365 the NEED_EA bit set. */ 2366 le32 ea_query_length; /* Byte size of the buffer required to query 2367 the extended attributes when calling 2368 ZwQueryEaFile() in Windows NT/2k. I.e. the 2369 byte size of the unpacked extended 2370 attributes. */ 2371 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) EA_INFORMATION; 2372 2373 /* 2374 * Extended attribute flags (8-bit). 2375 */ 2376 enum { 2377 NEED_EA = 0x80 /* If set the file to which the EA belongs 2378 cannot be interpreted without understanding 2379 the associates extended attributes. */ 2380 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)); 2381 2382 typedef u8 EA_FLAGS; 2383 2384 /* 2385 * Attribute: Extended attribute (EA) (0xe0). 2386 * 2387 * NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident. 2388 * 2389 * Like the attribute list and the index buffer list, the EA attribute value is 2390 * a sequence of EA_ATTR variable length records. 2391 */ 2392 typedef struct { 2393 le32 next_entry_offset; /* Offset to the next EA_ATTR. */ 2394 EA_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the EA. */ 2395 u8 ea_name_length; /* Length of the name of the EA in bytes 2396 excluding the '\0' byte terminator. */ 2397 le16 ea_value_length; /* Byte size of the EA's value. */ 2398 u8 ea_name[0]; /* Name of the EA. Note this is ASCII, not 2399 Unicode and it is zero terminated. */ 2400 u8 ea_value[0]; /* The value of the EA. Immediately follows 2401 the name. */ 2402 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) EA_ATTR; 2403 2404 /* 2405 * Attribute: Property set (0xf0). 2406 * 2407 * Intended to support Native Structure Storage (NSS) - a feature removed from 2408 * NTFS 3.0 during beta testing. 2409 */ 2410 typedef struct { 2411 /* Irrelevant as feature unused. */ 2412 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) PROPERTY_SET; 2413 2414 /* 2415 * Attribute: Logged utility stream (0x100). 2416 * 2417 * NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident. 2418 * 2419 * Operations on this attribute are logged to the journal ($LogFile) like 2420 * normal metadata changes. 2421 * 2422 * Used by the Encrypting File System (EFS). All encrypted files have this 2423 * attribute with the name $EFS. 2424 */ 2425 typedef struct { 2426 /* Can be anything the creator chooses. */ 2427 /* EFS uses it as follows: */ 2428 // FIXME: Type this info, verifying it along the way. (AIA) 2429 } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM, EFS_ATTR; 2430 2431 #endif /* _LINUX_NTFS_LAYOUT_H */ 2432