xref: /openbmc/linux/fs/nilfs2/recovery.c (revision 155130a4f7848b1aac439cab6bda1a175507c71c)
1 /*
2  * recovery.c - NILFS recovery logic
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9  * (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
19  *
20  * Written by Ryusuke Konishi <ryusuke@osrg.net>
21  */
22 
23 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
24 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
25 #include <linux/swap.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/crc32.h>
28 #include "nilfs.h"
29 #include "segment.h"
30 #include "sufile.h"
31 #include "page.h"
32 #include "segbuf.h"
33 
34 /*
35  * Segment check result
36  */
37 enum {
38 	NILFS_SEG_VALID,
39 	NILFS_SEG_NO_SUPER_ROOT,
40 	NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO,
41 	NILFS_SEG_FAIL_MAGIC,
42 	NILFS_SEG_FAIL_SEQ,
43 	NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_SUPER_ROOT,
44 	NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_FULL,
45 	NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CONSISTENCY,
46 };
47 
48 /* work structure for recovery */
49 struct nilfs_recovery_block {
50 	ino_t ino;		/* Inode number of the file that this block
51 				   belongs to */
52 	sector_t blocknr;	/* block number */
53 	__u64 vblocknr;		/* virtual block number */
54 	unsigned long blkoff;	/* File offset of the data block (per block) */
55 	struct list_head list;
56 };
57 
58 
59 static int nilfs_warn_segment_error(int err)
60 {
61 	switch (err) {
62 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO:
63 		printk(KERN_WARNING
64 		       "NILFS warning: I/O error on loading last segment\n");
65 		return -EIO;
66 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_MAGIC:
67 		printk(KERN_WARNING
68 		       "NILFS warning: Segment magic number invalid\n");
69 		break;
70 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_SEQ:
71 		printk(KERN_WARNING
72 		       "NILFS warning: Sequence number mismatch\n");
73 		break;
74 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_SUPER_ROOT:
75 		printk(KERN_WARNING
76 		       "NILFS warning: Checksum error in super root\n");
77 		break;
78 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_FULL:
79 		printk(KERN_WARNING
80 		       "NILFS warning: Checksum error in segment payload\n");
81 		break;
82 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CONSISTENCY:
83 		printk(KERN_WARNING
84 		       "NILFS warning: Inconsistent segment\n");
85 		break;
86 	case NILFS_SEG_NO_SUPER_ROOT:
87 		printk(KERN_WARNING
88 		       "NILFS warning: No super root in the last segment\n");
89 		break;
90 	}
91 	return -EINVAL;
92 }
93 
94 static void store_segsum_info(struct nilfs_segsum_info *ssi,
95 			      struct nilfs_segment_summary *sum,
96 			      unsigned int blocksize)
97 {
98 	ssi->flags = le16_to_cpu(sum->ss_flags);
99 	ssi->seg_seq = le64_to_cpu(sum->ss_seq);
100 	ssi->ctime = le64_to_cpu(sum->ss_create);
101 	ssi->next = le64_to_cpu(sum->ss_next);
102 	ssi->nblocks = le32_to_cpu(sum->ss_nblocks);
103 	ssi->nfinfo = le32_to_cpu(sum->ss_nfinfo);
104 	ssi->sumbytes = le32_to_cpu(sum->ss_sumbytes);
105 
106 	ssi->nsumblk = DIV_ROUND_UP(ssi->sumbytes, blocksize);
107 	ssi->nfileblk = ssi->nblocks - ssi->nsumblk - !!NILFS_SEG_HAS_SR(ssi);
108 
109 	/* need to verify ->ss_bytes field if read ->ss_cno */
110 }
111 
112 /**
113  * calc_crc_cont - check CRC of blocks continuously
114  * @sbi: nilfs_sb_info
115  * @bhs: buffer head of start block
116  * @sum: place to store result
117  * @offset: offset bytes in the first block
118  * @check_bytes: number of bytes to be checked
119  * @start: DBN of start block
120  * @nblock: number of blocks to be checked
121  */
122 static int calc_crc_cont(struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi, struct buffer_head *bhs,
123 			 u32 *sum, unsigned long offset, u64 check_bytes,
124 			 sector_t start, unsigned long nblock)
125 {
126 	unsigned long blocksize = sbi->s_super->s_blocksize;
127 	unsigned long size;
128 	u32 crc;
129 
130 	BUG_ON(offset >= blocksize);
131 	check_bytes -= offset;
132 	size = min_t(u64, check_bytes, blocksize - offset);
133 	crc = crc32_le(sbi->s_nilfs->ns_crc_seed,
134 		       (unsigned char *)bhs->b_data + offset, size);
135 	if (--nblock > 0) {
136 		do {
137 			struct buffer_head *bh
138 				= sb_bread(sbi->s_super, ++start);
139 			if (!bh)
140 				return -EIO;
141 			check_bytes -= size;
142 			size = min_t(u64, check_bytes, blocksize);
143 			crc = crc32_le(crc, bh->b_data, size);
144 			brelse(bh);
145 		} while (--nblock > 0);
146 	}
147 	*sum = crc;
148 	return 0;
149 }
150 
151 /**
152  * nilfs_read_super_root_block - read super root block
153  * @sb: super_block
154  * @sr_block: disk block number of the super root block
155  * @pbh: address of a buffer_head pointer to return super root buffer
156  * @check: CRC check flag
157  */
158 int nilfs_read_super_root_block(struct super_block *sb, sector_t sr_block,
159 				struct buffer_head **pbh, int check)
160 {
161 	struct buffer_head *bh_sr;
162 	struct nilfs_super_root *sr;
163 	u32 crc;
164 	int ret;
165 
166 	*pbh = NULL;
167 	bh_sr = sb_bread(sb, sr_block);
168 	if (unlikely(!bh_sr)) {
169 		ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO;
170 		goto failed;
171 	}
172 
173 	sr = (struct nilfs_super_root *)bh_sr->b_data;
174 	if (check) {
175 		unsigned bytes = le16_to_cpu(sr->sr_bytes);
176 
177 		if (bytes == 0 || bytes > sb->s_blocksize) {
178 			ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_SUPER_ROOT;
179 			goto failed_bh;
180 		}
181 		if (calc_crc_cont(NILFS_SB(sb), bh_sr, &crc,
182 				  sizeof(sr->sr_sum), bytes, sr_block, 1)) {
183 			ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO;
184 			goto failed_bh;
185 		}
186 		if (crc != le32_to_cpu(sr->sr_sum)) {
187 			ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_SUPER_ROOT;
188 			goto failed_bh;
189 		}
190 	}
191 	*pbh = bh_sr;
192 	return 0;
193 
194  failed_bh:
195 	brelse(bh_sr);
196 
197  failed:
198 	return nilfs_warn_segment_error(ret);
199 }
200 
201 /**
202  * load_segment_summary - read segment summary of the specified partial segment
203  * @sbi: nilfs_sb_info
204  * @pseg_start: start disk block number of partial segment
205  * @seg_seq: sequence number requested
206  * @ssi: pointer to nilfs_segsum_info struct to store information
207  */
208 static int
209 load_segment_summary(struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi, sector_t pseg_start,
210 		     u64 seg_seq, struct nilfs_segsum_info *ssi)
211 {
212 	struct buffer_head *bh_sum;
213 	struct nilfs_segment_summary *sum;
214 	unsigned long nblock;
215 	u32 crc;
216 	int ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO;
217 
218 	bh_sum = sb_bread(sbi->s_super, pseg_start);
219 	if (!bh_sum)
220 		goto out;
221 
222 	sum = (struct nilfs_segment_summary *)bh_sum->b_data;
223 
224 	/* Check consistency of segment summary */
225 	if (le32_to_cpu(sum->ss_magic) != NILFS_SEGSUM_MAGIC) {
226 		ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_MAGIC;
227 		goto failed;
228 	}
229 	store_segsum_info(ssi, sum, sbi->s_super->s_blocksize);
230 	if (seg_seq != ssi->seg_seq) {
231 		ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_SEQ;
232 		goto failed;
233 	}
234 
235 	nblock = ssi->nblocks;
236 	if (unlikely(nblock == 0 ||
237 		     nblock > sbi->s_nilfs->ns_blocks_per_segment)) {
238 		/* This limits the number of blocks read in the CRC check */
239 		ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CONSISTENCY;
240 		goto failed;
241 	}
242 	if (calc_crc_cont(sbi, bh_sum, &crc, sizeof(sum->ss_datasum),
243 			  ((u64)nblock << sbi->s_super->s_blocksize_bits),
244 			  pseg_start, nblock)) {
245 		ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO;
246 		goto failed;
247 	}
248 	if (crc == le32_to_cpu(sum->ss_datasum))
249 		ret = 0;
250 	else
251 		ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_FULL;
252  failed:
253 	brelse(bh_sum);
254  out:
255 	return ret;
256 }
257 
258 static void *segsum_get(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head **pbh,
259 			unsigned int *offset, unsigned int bytes)
260 {
261 	void *ptr;
262 	sector_t blocknr;
263 
264 	BUG_ON((*pbh)->b_size < *offset);
265 	if (bytes > (*pbh)->b_size - *offset) {
266 		blocknr = (*pbh)->b_blocknr;
267 		brelse(*pbh);
268 		*pbh = sb_bread(sb, blocknr + 1);
269 		if (unlikely(!*pbh))
270 			return NULL;
271 		*offset = 0;
272 	}
273 	ptr = (*pbh)->b_data + *offset;
274 	*offset += bytes;
275 	return ptr;
276 }
277 
278 static void segsum_skip(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head **pbh,
279 			unsigned int *offset, unsigned int bytes,
280 			unsigned long count)
281 {
282 	unsigned int rest_item_in_current_block
283 		= ((*pbh)->b_size - *offset) / bytes;
284 
285 	if (count <= rest_item_in_current_block) {
286 		*offset += bytes * count;
287 	} else {
288 		sector_t blocknr = (*pbh)->b_blocknr;
289 		unsigned int nitem_per_block = (*pbh)->b_size / bytes;
290 		unsigned int bcnt;
291 
292 		count -= rest_item_in_current_block;
293 		bcnt = DIV_ROUND_UP(count, nitem_per_block);
294 		*offset = bytes * (count - (bcnt - 1) * nitem_per_block);
295 
296 		brelse(*pbh);
297 		*pbh = sb_bread(sb, blocknr + bcnt);
298 	}
299 }
300 
301 static int
302 collect_blocks_from_segsum(struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi, sector_t sum_blocknr,
303 			   struct nilfs_segsum_info *ssi,
304 			   struct list_head *head)
305 {
306 	struct buffer_head *bh;
307 	unsigned int offset;
308 	unsigned long nfinfo = ssi->nfinfo;
309 	sector_t blocknr = sum_blocknr + ssi->nsumblk;
310 	ino_t ino;
311 	int err = -EIO;
312 
313 	if (!nfinfo)
314 		return 0;
315 
316 	bh = sb_bread(sbi->s_super, sum_blocknr);
317 	if (unlikely(!bh))
318 		goto out;
319 
320 	offset = le16_to_cpu(
321 		((struct nilfs_segment_summary *)bh->b_data)->ss_bytes);
322 	for (;;) {
323 		unsigned long nblocks, ndatablk, nnodeblk;
324 		struct nilfs_finfo *finfo;
325 
326 		finfo = segsum_get(sbi->s_super, &bh, &offset, sizeof(*finfo));
327 		if (unlikely(!finfo))
328 			goto out;
329 
330 		ino = le64_to_cpu(finfo->fi_ino);
331 		nblocks = le32_to_cpu(finfo->fi_nblocks);
332 		ndatablk = le32_to_cpu(finfo->fi_ndatablk);
333 		nnodeblk = nblocks - ndatablk;
334 
335 		while (ndatablk-- > 0) {
336 			struct nilfs_recovery_block *rb;
337 			struct nilfs_binfo_v *binfo;
338 
339 			binfo = segsum_get(sbi->s_super, &bh, &offset,
340 					   sizeof(*binfo));
341 			if (unlikely(!binfo))
342 				goto out;
343 
344 			rb = kmalloc(sizeof(*rb), GFP_NOFS);
345 			if (unlikely(!rb)) {
346 				err = -ENOMEM;
347 				goto out;
348 			}
349 			rb->ino = ino;
350 			rb->blocknr = blocknr++;
351 			rb->vblocknr = le64_to_cpu(binfo->bi_vblocknr);
352 			rb->blkoff = le64_to_cpu(binfo->bi_blkoff);
353 			/* INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rb->list); */
354 			list_add_tail(&rb->list, head);
355 		}
356 		if (--nfinfo == 0)
357 			break;
358 		blocknr += nnodeblk; /* always 0 for the data sync segments */
359 		segsum_skip(sbi->s_super, &bh, &offset, sizeof(__le64),
360 			    nnodeblk);
361 		if (unlikely(!bh))
362 			goto out;
363 	}
364 	err = 0;
365  out:
366 	brelse(bh);   /* brelse(NULL) is just ignored */
367 	return err;
368 }
369 
370 static void dispose_recovery_list(struct list_head *head)
371 {
372 	while (!list_empty(head)) {
373 		struct nilfs_recovery_block *rb
374 			= list_entry(head->next,
375 				     struct nilfs_recovery_block, list);
376 		list_del(&rb->list);
377 		kfree(rb);
378 	}
379 }
380 
381 struct nilfs_segment_entry {
382 	struct list_head	list;
383 	__u64			segnum;
384 };
385 
386 static int nilfs_segment_list_add(struct list_head *head, __u64 segnum)
387 {
388 	struct nilfs_segment_entry *ent = kmalloc(sizeof(*ent), GFP_NOFS);
389 
390 	if (unlikely(!ent))
391 		return -ENOMEM;
392 
393 	ent->segnum = segnum;
394 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ent->list);
395 	list_add_tail(&ent->list, head);
396 	return 0;
397 }
398 
399 void nilfs_dispose_segment_list(struct list_head *head)
400 {
401 	while (!list_empty(head)) {
402 		struct nilfs_segment_entry *ent
403 			= list_entry(head->next,
404 				     struct nilfs_segment_entry, list);
405 		list_del(&ent->list);
406 		kfree(ent);
407 	}
408 }
409 
410 static int nilfs_prepare_segment_for_recovery(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
411 					      struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
412 					      struct nilfs_recovery_info *ri)
413 {
414 	struct list_head *head = &ri->ri_used_segments;
415 	struct nilfs_segment_entry *ent, *n;
416 	struct inode *sufile = nilfs->ns_sufile;
417 	__u64 segnum[4];
418 	int err;
419 	int i;
420 
421 	segnum[0] = nilfs->ns_segnum;
422 	segnum[1] = nilfs->ns_nextnum;
423 	segnum[2] = ri->ri_segnum;
424 	segnum[3] = ri->ri_nextnum;
425 
426 	nilfs_attach_writer(nilfs, sbi);
427 	/*
428 	 * Releasing the next segment of the latest super root.
429 	 * The next segment is invalidated by this recovery.
430 	 */
431 	err = nilfs_sufile_free(sufile, segnum[1]);
432 	if (unlikely(err))
433 		goto failed;
434 
435 	for (i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
436 		err = nilfs_segment_list_add(head, segnum[i]);
437 		if (unlikely(err))
438 			goto failed;
439 	}
440 
441 	/*
442 	 * Collecting segments written after the latest super root.
443 	 * These are marked dirty to avoid being reallocated in the next write.
444 	 */
445 	list_for_each_entry_safe(ent, n, head, list) {
446 		if (ent->segnum != segnum[0]) {
447 			err = nilfs_sufile_scrap(sufile, ent->segnum);
448 			if (unlikely(err))
449 				goto failed;
450 		}
451 		list_del(&ent->list);
452 		kfree(ent);
453 	}
454 
455 	/* Allocate new segments for recovery */
456 	err = nilfs_sufile_alloc(sufile, &segnum[0]);
457 	if (unlikely(err))
458 		goto failed;
459 
460 	nilfs->ns_pseg_offset = 0;
461 	nilfs->ns_seg_seq = ri->ri_seq + 2;
462 	nilfs->ns_nextnum = nilfs->ns_segnum = segnum[0];
463 
464  failed:
465 	/* No need to recover sufile because it will be destroyed on error */
466 	nilfs_detach_writer(nilfs, sbi);
467 	return err;
468 }
469 
470 static int nilfs_recovery_copy_block(struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
471 				     struct nilfs_recovery_block *rb,
472 				     struct page *page)
473 {
474 	struct buffer_head *bh_org;
475 	void *kaddr;
476 
477 	bh_org = sb_bread(sbi->s_super, rb->blocknr);
478 	if (unlikely(!bh_org))
479 		return -EIO;
480 
481 	kaddr = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER0);
482 	memcpy(kaddr + bh_offset(bh_org), bh_org->b_data, bh_org->b_size);
483 	kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0);
484 	brelse(bh_org);
485 	return 0;
486 }
487 
488 static int recover_dsync_blocks(struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
489 				struct list_head *head,
490 				unsigned long *nr_salvaged_blocks)
491 {
492 	struct inode *inode;
493 	struct nilfs_recovery_block *rb, *n;
494 	unsigned blocksize = sbi->s_super->s_blocksize;
495 	struct page *page;
496 	loff_t pos;
497 	int err = 0, err2 = 0;
498 
499 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rb, n, head, list) {
500 		inode = nilfs_iget(sbi->s_super, rb->ino);
501 		if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
502 			err = PTR_ERR(inode);
503 			inode = NULL;
504 			goto failed_inode;
505 		}
506 
507 		pos = rb->blkoff << inode->i_blkbits;
508 		err = block_write_begin(inode->i_mapping, pos, blocksize,
509 					0, &page, nilfs_get_block);
510 		if (unlikely(err)) {
511 			loff_t isize = inode->i_size;
512 			if (pos + blocksize > isize)
513 				vmtruncate(inode, isize);
514 			goto failed_inode;
515 		}
516 
517 		err = nilfs_recovery_copy_block(sbi, rb, page);
518 		if (unlikely(err))
519 			goto failed_page;
520 
521 		err = nilfs_set_file_dirty(sbi, inode, 1);
522 		if (unlikely(err))
523 			goto failed_page;
524 
525 		block_write_end(NULL, inode->i_mapping, pos, blocksize,
526 				blocksize, page, NULL);
527 
528 		unlock_page(page);
529 		page_cache_release(page);
530 
531 		(*nr_salvaged_blocks)++;
532 		goto next;
533 
534  failed_page:
535 		unlock_page(page);
536 		page_cache_release(page);
537 
538  failed_inode:
539 		printk(KERN_WARNING
540 		       "NILFS warning: error recovering data block "
541 		       "(err=%d, ino=%lu, block-offset=%llu)\n",
542 		       err, (unsigned long)rb->ino,
543 		       (unsigned long long)rb->blkoff);
544 		if (!err2)
545 			err2 = err;
546  next:
547 		iput(inode); /* iput(NULL) is just ignored */
548 		list_del_init(&rb->list);
549 		kfree(rb);
550 	}
551 	return err2;
552 }
553 
554 /**
555  * nilfs_do_roll_forward - salvage logical segments newer than the latest
556  * checkpoint
557  * @sbi: nilfs_sb_info
558  * @nilfs: the_nilfs
559  * @ri: pointer to a nilfs_recovery_info
560  */
561 static int nilfs_do_roll_forward(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
562 				 struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
563 				 struct nilfs_recovery_info *ri)
564 {
565 	struct nilfs_segsum_info ssi;
566 	sector_t pseg_start;
567 	sector_t seg_start, seg_end;  /* Starting/ending DBN of full segment */
568 	unsigned long nsalvaged_blocks = 0;
569 	u64 seg_seq;
570 	__u64 segnum, nextnum = 0;
571 	int empty_seg = 0;
572 	int err = 0, ret;
573 	LIST_HEAD(dsync_blocks);  /* list of data blocks to be recovered */
574 	enum {
575 		RF_INIT_ST,
576 		RF_DSYNC_ST,   /* scanning data-sync segments */
577 	};
578 	int state = RF_INIT_ST;
579 
580 	nilfs_attach_writer(nilfs, sbi);
581 	pseg_start = ri->ri_lsegs_start;
582 	seg_seq = ri->ri_lsegs_start_seq;
583 	segnum = nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, pseg_start);
584 	nilfs_get_segment_range(nilfs, segnum, &seg_start, &seg_end);
585 
586 	while (segnum != ri->ri_segnum || pseg_start <= ri->ri_pseg_start) {
587 
588 		ret = load_segment_summary(sbi, pseg_start, seg_seq, &ssi);
589 		if (ret) {
590 			if (ret == NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO) {
591 				err = -EIO;
592 				goto failed;
593 			}
594 			goto strayed;
595 		}
596 		if (unlikely(NILFS_SEG_HAS_SR(&ssi)))
597 			goto confused;
598 
599 		/* Found a valid partial segment; do recovery actions */
600 		nextnum = nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, ssi.next);
601 		empty_seg = 0;
602 		nilfs->ns_ctime = ssi.ctime;
603 		if (!(ssi.flags & NILFS_SS_GC))
604 			nilfs->ns_nongc_ctime = ssi.ctime;
605 
606 		switch (state) {
607 		case RF_INIT_ST:
608 			if (!NILFS_SEG_LOGBGN(&ssi) || !NILFS_SEG_DSYNC(&ssi))
609 				goto try_next_pseg;
610 			state = RF_DSYNC_ST;
611 			/* Fall through */
612 		case RF_DSYNC_ST:
613 			if (!NILFS_SEG_DSYNC(&ssi))
614 				goto confused;
615 
616 			err = collect_blocks_from_segsum(
617 				sbi, pseg_start, &ssi, &dsync_blocks);
618 			if (unlikely(err))
619 				goto failed;
620 			if (NILFS_SEG_LOGEND(&ssi)) {
621 				err = recover_dsync_blocks(
622 					sbi, &dsync_blocks, &nsalvaged_blocks);
623 				if (unlikely(err))
624 					goto failed;
625 				state = RF_INIT_ST;
626 			}
627 			break; /* Fall through to try_next_pseg */
628 		}
629 
630  try_next_pseg:
631 		if (pseg_start == ri->ri_lsegs_end)
632 			break;
633 		pseg_start += ssi.nblocks;
634 		if (pseg_start < seg_end)
635 			continue;
636 		goto feed_segment;
637 
638  strayed:
639 		if (pseg_start == ri->ri_lsegs_end)
640 			break;
641 
642  feed_segment:
643 		/* Looking to the next full segment */
644 		if (empty_seg++)
645 			break;
646 		seg_seq++;
647 		segnum = nextnum;
648 		nilfs_get_segment_range(nilfs, segnum, &seg_start, &seg_end);
649 		pseg_start = seg_start;
650 	}
651 
652 	if (nsalvaged_blocks) {
653 		printk(KERN_INFO "NILFS (device %s): salvaged %lu blocks\n",
654 		       sbi->s_super->s_id, nsalvaged_blocks);
655 		ri->ri_need_recovery = NILFS_RECOVERY_ROLLFORWARD_DONE;
656 	}
657  out:
658 	dispose_recovery_list(&dsync_blocks);
659 	nilfs_detach_writer(sbi->s_nilfs, sbi);
660 	return err;
661 
662  confused:
663 	err = -EINVAL;
664  failed:
665 	printk(KERN_ERR
666 	       "NILFS (device %s): Error roll-forwarding "
667 	       "(err=%d, pseg block=%llu). ",
668 	       sbi->s_super->s_id, err, (unsigned long long)pseg_start);
669 	goto out;
670 }
671 
672 static void nilfs_finish_roll_forward(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
673 				      struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
674 				      struct nilfs_recovery_info *ri)
675 {
676 	struct buffer_head *bh;
677 	int err;
678 
679 	if (nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, ri->ri_lsegs_start) !=
680 	    nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, ri->ri_super_root))
681 		return;
682 
683 	bh = sb_getblk(sbi->s_super, ri->ri_lsegs_start);
684 	BUG_ON(!bh);
685 	memset(bh->b_data, 0, bh->b_size);
686 	set_buffer_dirty(bh);
687 	err = sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
688 	if (unlikely(err))
689 		printk(KERN_WARNING
690 		       "NILFS warning: buffer sync write failed during "
691 		       "post-cleaning of recovery.\n");
692 	brelse(bh);
693 }
694 
695 /**
696  * nilfs_recover_logical_segments - salvage logical segments written after
697  * the latest super root
698  * @nilfs: the_nilfs
699  * @sbi: nilfs_sb_info
700  * @ri: pointer to a nilfs_recovery_info struct to store search results.
701  *
702  * Return Value: On success, 0 is returned.  On error, one of the following
703  * negative error code is returned.
704  *
705  * %-EINVAL - Inconsistent filesystem state.
706  *
707  * %-EIO - I/O error
708  *
709  * %-ENOSPC - No space left on device (only in a panic state).
710  *
711  * %-ERESTARTSYS - Interrupted.
712  *
713  * %-ENOMEM - Insufficient memory available.
714  */
715 int nilfs_recover_logical_segments(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
716 				   struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
717 				   struct nilfs_recovery_info *ri)
718 {
719 	int err;
720 
721 	if (ri->ri_lsegs_start == 0 || ri->ri_lsegs_end == 0)
722 		return 0;
723 
724 	err = nilfs_attach_checkpoint(sbi, ri->ri_cno);
725 	if (unlikely(err)) {
726 		printk(KERN_ERR
727 		       "NILFS: error loading the latest checkpoint.\n");
728 		return err;
729 	}
730 
731 	err = nilfs_do_roll_forward(nilfs, sbi, ri);
732 	if (unlikely(err))
733 		goto failed;
734 
735 	if (ri->ri_need_recovery == NILFS_RECOVERY_ROLLFORWARD_DONE) {
736 		err = nilfs_prepare_segment_for_recovery(nilfs, sbi, ri);
737 		if (unlikely(err)) {
738 			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: Error preparing segments for "
739 			       "recovery.\n");
740 			goto failed;
741 		}
742 
743 		err = nilfs_attach_segment_constructor(sbi);
744 		if (unlikely(err))
745 			goto failed;
746 
747 		set_nilfs_discontinued(nilfs);
748 		err = nilfs_construct_segment(sbi->s_super);
749 		nilfs_detach_segment_constructor(sbi);
750 
751 		if (unlikely(err)) {
752 			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: Oops! recovery failed. "
753 			       "(err=%d)\n", err);
754 			goto failed;
755 		}
756 
757 		nilfs_finish_roll_forward(nilfs, sbi, ri);
758 	}
759 
760  failed:
761 	nilfs_detach_checkpoint(sbi);
762 	return err;
763 }
764 
765 /**
766  * nilfs_search_super_root - search the latest valid super root
767  * @nilfs: the_nilfs
768  * @sbi: nilfs_sb_info
769  * @ri: pointer to a nilfs_recovery_info struct to store search results.
770  *
771  * nilfs_search_super_root() looks for the latest super-root from a partial
772  * segment pointed by the superblock.  It sets up struct the_nilfs through
773  * this search. It fills nilfs_recovery_info (ri) required for recovery.
774  *
775  * Return Value: On success, 0 is returned.  On error, one of the following
776  * negative error code is returned.
777  *
778  * %-EINVAL - No valid segment found
779  *
780  * %-EIO - I/O error
781  */
782 int nilfs_search_super_root(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct nilfs_sb_info *sbi,
783 			    struct nilfs_recovery_info *ri)
784 {
785 	struct nilfs_segsum_info ssi;
786 	sector_t pseg_start, pseg_end, sr_pseg_start = 0;
787 	sector_t seg_start, seg_end; /* range of full segment (block number) */
788 	sector_t b, end;
789 	u64 seg_seq;
790 	__u64 segnum, nextnum = 0;
791 	__u64 cno;
792 	LIST_HEAD(segments);
793 	int empty_seg = 0, scan_newer = 0;
794 	int ret;
795 
796 	pseg_start = nilfs->ns_last_pseg;
797 	seg_seq = nilfs->ns_last_seq;
798 	cno = nilfs->ns_last_cno;
799 	segnum = nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, pseg_start);
800 
801 	/* Calculate range of segment */
802 	nilfs_get_segment_range(nilfs, segnum, &seg_start, &seg_end);
803 
804 	/* Read ahead segment */
805 	b = seg_start;
806 	while (b <= seg_end)
807 		sb_breadahead(sbi->s_super, b++);
808 
809 	for (;;) {
810 		/* Load segment summary */
811 		ret = load_segment_summary(sbi, pseg_start, seg_seq, &ssi);
812 		if (ret) {
813 			if (ret == NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO)
814 				goto failed;
815 			goto strayed;
816 		}
817 		pseg_end = pseg_start + ssi.nblocks - 1;
818 		if (unlikely(pseg_end > seg_end)) {
819 			ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CONSISTENCY;
820 			goto strayed;
821 		}
822 
823 		/* A valid partial segment */
824 		ri->ri_pseg_start = pseg_start;
825 		ri->ri_seq = seg_seq;
826 		ri->ri_segnum = segnum;
827 		nextnum = nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, ssi.next);
828 		ri->ri_nextnum = nextnum;
829 		empty_seg = 0;
830 
831 		if (!NILFS_SEG_HAS_SR(&ssi) && !scan_newer) {
832 			/* This will never happen because a superblock
833 			   (last_segment) always points to a pseg
834 			   having a super root. */
835 			ret = NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CONSISTENCY;
836 			goto failed;
837 		}
838 
839 		if (pseg_start == seg_start) {
840 			nilfs_get_segment_range(nilfs, nextnum, &b, &end);
841 			while (b <= end)
842 				sb_breadahead(sbi->s_super, b++);
843 		}
844 		if (!NILFS_SEG_HAS_SR(&ssi)) {
845 			if (!ri->ri_lsegs_start && NILFS_SEG_LOGBGN(&ssi)) {
846 				ri->ri_lsegs_start = pseg_start;
847 				ri->ri_lsegs_start_seq = seg_seq;
848 			}
849 			if (NILFS_SEG_LOGEND(&ssi))
850 				ri->ri_lsegs_end = pseg_start;
851 			goto try_next_pseg;
852 		}
853 
854 		/* A valid super root was found. */
855 		ri->ri_cno = cno++;
856 		ri->ri_super_root = pseg_end;
857 		ri->ri_lsegs_start = ri->ri_lsegs_end = 0;
858 
859 		nilfs_dispose_segment_list(&segments);
860 		nilfs->ns_pseg_offset = (sr_pseg_start = pseg_start)
861 			+ ssi.nblocks - seg_start;
862 		nilfs->ns_seg_seq = seg_seq;
863 		nilfs->ns_segnum = segnum;
864 		nilfs->ns_cno = cno;  /* nilfs->ns_cno = ri->ri_cno + 1 */
865 		nilfs->ns_ctime = ssi.ctime;
866 		nilfs->ns_nextnum = nextnum;
867 
868 		if (scan_newer)
869 			ri->ri_need_recovery = NILFS_RECOVERY_SR_UPDATED;
870 		else {
871 			if (nilfs->ns_mount_state & NILFS_VALID_FS)
872 				goto super_root_found;
873 			scan_newer = 1;
874 		}
875 
876 		/* reset region for roll-forward */
877 		pseg_start += ssi.nblocks;
878 		if (pseg_start < seg_end)
879 			continue;
880 		goto feed_segment;
881 
882  try_next_pseg:
883 		/* Standing on a course, or met an inconsistent state */
884 		pseg_start += ssi.nblocks;
885 		if (pseg_start < seg_end)
886 			continue;
887 		goto feed_segment;
888 
889  strayed:
890 		/* Off the trail */
891 		if (!scan_newer)
892 			/*
893 			 * This can happen if a checkpoint was written without
894 			 * barriers, or as a result of an I/O failure.
895 			 */
896 			goto failed;
897 
898  feed_segment:
899 		/* Looking to the next full segment */
900 		if (empty_seg++)
901 			goto super_root_found; /* found a valid super root */
902 
903 		ret = nilfs_segment_list_add(&segments, segnum);
904 		if (unlikely(ret))
905 			goto failed;
906 
907 		seg_seq++;
908 		segnum = nextnum;
909 		nilfs_get_segment_range(nilfs, segnum, &seg_start, &seg_end);
910 		pseg_start = seg_start;
911 	}
912 
913  super_root_found:
914 	/* Updating pointers relating to the latest checkpoint */
915 	list_splice_tail(&segments, &ri->ri_used_segments);
916 	nilfs->ns_last_pseg = sr_pseg_start;
917 	nilfs->ns_last_seq = nilfs->ns_seg_seq;
918 	nilfs->ns_last_cno = ri->ri_cno;
919 	return 0;
920 
921  failed:
922 	nilfs_dispose_segment_list(&segments);
923 	return (ret < 0) ? ret : nilfs_warn_segment_error(ret);
924 }
925