xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/scsi/device_handler/scsi_dh_alua.c (revision ca55b2fef3a9373fcfc30f82fd26bc7fccbda732)
1 /*
2  * Generic SCSI-3 ALUA SCSI Device Handler
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Hannes Reinecke, SUSE Linux Products GmbH.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10  * (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  * GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
20  *
21  */
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/delay.h>
24 #include <linux/module.h>
25 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
26 #include <scsi/scsi_eh.h>
27 #include <scsi/scsi_dh.h>
28 
29 #define ALUA_DH_NAME "alua"
30 #define ALUA_DH_VER "1.3"
31 
32 #define TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED		0x0
33 #define TPGS_STATE_NONOPTIMIZED		0x1
34 #define TPGS_STATE_STANDBY		0x2
35 #define TPGS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE		0x3
36 #define TPGS_STATE_LBA_DEPENDENT	0x4
37 #define TPGS_STATE_OFFLINE		0xe
38 #define TPGS_STATE_TRANSITIONING	0xf
39 
40 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONE		0x00
41 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED		0x01
42 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED	0x02
43 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY		0x04
44 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE	0x08
45 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT	0x10
46 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE		0x40
47 #define TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION		0x80
48 
49 #define RTPG_FMT_MASK			0x70
50 #define RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR		0x10
51 
52 #define TPGS_MODE_UNINITIALIZED		 -1
53 #define TPGS_MODE_NONE			0x0
54 #define TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT		0x1
55 #define TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT		0x2
56 
57 #define ALUA_INQUIRY_SIZE		36
58 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT		60
59 #define ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES		5
60 
61 /* flags passed from user level */
62 #define ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG		1
63 
64 struct alua_dh_data {
65 	int			group_id;
66 	int			rel_port;
67 	int			tpgs;
68 	int			state;
69 	int			pref;
70 	unsigned		flags; /* used for optimizing STPG */
71 	unsigned char		inq[ALUA_INQUIRY_SIZE];
72 	unsigned char		*buff;
73 	int			bufflen;
74 	unsigned char		transition_tmo;
75 	unsigned char		sense[SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE];
76 	int			senselen;
77 	struct scsi_device	*sdev;
78 	activate_complete	callback_fn;
79 	void			*callback_data;
80 };
81 
82 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_CURRENT	0
83 #define ALUA_POLICY_SWITCH_ALL		1
84 
85 static char print_alua_state(int);
86 static int alua_check_sense(struct scsi_device *, struct scsi_sense_hdr *);
87 
88 static int realloc_buffer(struct alua_dh_data *h, unsigned len)
89 {
90 	if (h->buff && h->buff != h->inq)
91 		kfree(h->buff);
92 
93 	h->buff = kmalloc(len, GFP_NOIO);
94 	if (!h->buff) {
95 		h->buff = h->inq;
96 		h->bufflen = ALUA_INQUIRY_SIZE;
97 		return 1;
98 	}
99 	h->bufflen = len;
100 	return 0;
101 }
102 
103 static struct request *get_alua_req(struct scsi_device *sdev,
104 				    void *buffer, unsigned buflen, int rw)
105 {
106 	struct request *rq;
107 	struct request_queue *q = sdev->request_queue;
108 
109 	rq = blk_get_request(q, rw, GFP_NOIO);
110 
111 	if (IS_ERR(rq)) {
112 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
113 			    "%s: blk_get_request failed\n", __func__);
114 		return NULL;
115 	}
116 	blk_rq_set_block_pc(rq);
117 
118 	if (buflen && blk_rq_map_kern(q, rq, buffer, buflen, GFP_NOIO)) {
119 		blk_put_request(rq);
120 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
121 			    "%s: blk_rq_map_kern failed\n", __func__);
122 		return NULL;
123 	}
124 
125 	rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_FAILFAST_DEV | REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT |
126 			 REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
127 	rq->retries = ALUA_FAILOVER_RETRIES;
128 	rq->timeout = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ;
129 
130 	return rq;
131 }
132 
133 /*
134  * submit_vpd_inquiry - Issue an INQUIRY VPD page 0x83 command
135  * @sdev: sdev the command should be sent to
136  */
137 static int submit_vpd_inquiry(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
138 {
139 	struct request *rq;
140 	int err = SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL;
141 
142 	rq = get_alua_req(sdev, h->buff, h->bufflen, READ);
143 	if (!rq)
144 		goto done;
145 
146 	/* Prepare the command. */
147 	rq->cmd[0] = INQUIRY;
148 	rq->cmd[1] = 1;
149 	rq->cmd[2] = 0x83;
150 	rq->cmd[4] = h->bufflen;
151 	rq->cmd_len = COMMAND_SIZE(INQUIRY);
152 
153 	rq->sense = h->sense;
154 	memset(rq->sense, 0, SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE);
155 	rq->sense_len = h->senselen = 0;
156 
157 	err = blk_execute_rq(rq->q, NULL, rq, 1);
158 	if (err == -EIO) {
159 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
160 			    "%s: evpd inquiry failed with %x\n",
161 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, rq->errors);
162 		h->senselen = rq->sense_len;
163 		err = SCSI_DH_IO;
164 	}
165 	blk_put_request(rq);
166 done:
167 	return err;
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * submit_rtpg - Issue a REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES command
172  * @sdev: sdev the command should be sent to
173  */
174 static unsigned submit_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h,
175 			    bool rtpg_ext_hdr_req)
176 {
177 	struct request *rq;
178 	int err = SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL;
179 
180 	rq = get_alua_req(sdev, h->buff, h->bufflen, READ);
181 	if (!rq)
182 		goto done;
183 
184 	/* Prepare the command. */
185 	rq->cmd[0] = MAINTENANCE_IN;
186 	if (rtpg_ext_hdr_req)
187 		rq->cmd[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS | MI_EXT_HDR_PARAM_FMT;
188 	else
189 		rq->cmd[1] = MI_REPORT_TARGET_PGS;
190 	rq->cmd[6] = (h->bufflen >> 24) & 0xff;
191 	rq->cmd[7] = (h->bufflen >> 16) & 0xff;
192 	rq->cmd[8] = (h->bufflen >>  8) & 0xff;
193 	rq->cmd[9] = h->bufflen & 0xff;
194 	rq->cmd_len = COMMAND_SIZE(MAINTENANCE_IN);
195 
196 	rq->sense = h->sense;
197 	memset(rq->sense, 0, SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE);
198 	rq->sense_len = h->senselen = 0;
199 
200 	err = blk_execute_rq(rq->q, NULL, rq, 1);
201 	if (err == -EIO) {
202 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
203 			    "%s: rtpg failed with %x\n",
204 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, rq->errors);
205 		h->senselen = rq->sense_len;
206 		err = SCSI_DH_IO;
207 	}
208 	blk_put_request(rq);
209 done:
210 	return err;
211 }
212 
213 /*
214  * alua_stpg - Evaluate SET TARGET GROUP STATES
215  * @sdev: the device to be evaluated
216  * @state: the new target group state
217  *
218  * Send a SET TARGET GROUP STATES command to the device.
219  * We only have to test here if we should resubmit the command;
220  * any other error is assumed as a failure.
221  */
222 static void stpg_endio(struct request *req, int error)
223 {
224 	struct alua_dh_data *h = req->end_io_data;
225 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
226 	unsigned err = SCSI_DH_OK;
227 
228 	if (host_byte(req->errors) != DID_OK ||
229 	    msg_byte(req->errors) != COMMAND_COMPLETE) {
230 		err = SCSI_DH_IO;
231 		goto done;
232 	}
233 
234 	if (req->sense_len > 0) {
235 		err = scsi_normalize_sense(h->sense, SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE,
236 					   &sense_hdr);
237 		if (!err) {
238 			err = SCSI_DH_IO;
239 			goto done;
240 		}
241 		err = alua_check_sense(h->sdev, &sense_hdr);
242 		if (err == ADD_TO_MLQUEUE) {
243 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
244 			goto done;
245 		}
246 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, h->sdev,
247 			    "%s: stpg sense code: %02x/%02x/%02x\n",
248 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, sense_hdr.sense_key,
249 			    sense_hdr.asc, sense_hdr.ascq);
250 		err = SCSI_DH_IO;
251 	} else if (error)
252 		err = SCSI_DH_IO;
253 
254 	if (err == SCSI_DH_OK) {
255 		h->state = TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED;
256 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, h->sdev,
257 			    "%s: port group %02x switched to state %c\n",
258 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, h->group_id,
259 			    print_alua_state(h->state));
260 	}
261 done:
262 	req->end_io_data = NULL;
263 	__blk_put_request(req->q, req);
264 	if (h->callback_fn) {
265 		h->callback_fn(h->callback_data, err);
266 		h->callback_fn = h->callback_data = NULL;
267 	}
268 	return;
269 }
270 
271 /*
272  * submit_stpg - Issue a SET TARGET GROUP STATES command
273  *
274  * Currently we're only setting the current target port group state
275  * to 'active/optimized' and let the array firmware figure out
276  * the states of the remaining groups.
277  */
278 static unsigned submit_stpg(struct alua_dh_data *h)
279 {
280 	struct request *rq;
281 	int stpg_len = 8;
282 	struct scsi_device *sdev = h->sdev;
283 
284 	/* Prepare the data buffer */
285 	memset(h->buff, 0, stpg_len);
286 	h->buff[4] = TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED & 0x0f;
287 	h->buff[6] = (h->group_id >> 8) & 0xff;
288 	h->buff[7] = h->group_id & 0xff;
289 
290 	rq = get_alua_req(sdev, h->buff, stpg_len, WRITE);
291 	if (!rq)
292 		return SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL;
293 
294 	/* Prepare the command. */
295 	rq->cmd[0] = MAINTENANCE_OUT;
296 	rq->cmd[1] = MO_SET_TARGET_PGS;
297 	rq->cmd[6] = (stpg_len >> 24) & 0xff;
298 	rq->cmd[7] = (stpg_len >> 16) & 0xff;
299 	rq->cmd[8] = (stpg_len >>  8) & 0xff;
300 	rq->cmd[9] = stpg_len & 0xff;
301 	rq->cmd_len = COMMAND_SIZE(MAINTENANCE_OUT);
302 
303 	rq->sense = h->sense;
304 	memset(rq->sense, 0, SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE);
305 	rq->sense_len = h->senselen = 0;
306 	rq->end_io_data = h;
307 
308 	blk_execute_rq_nowait(rq->q, NULL, rq, 1, stpg_endio);
309 	return SCSI_DH_OK;
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * alua_check_tpgs - Evaluate TPGS setting
314  * @sdev: device to be checked
315  *
316  * Examine the TPGS setting of the sdev to find out if ALUA
317  * is supported.
318  */
319 static int alua_check_tpgs(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
320 {
321 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
322 
323 	h->tpgs = scsi_device_tpgs(sdev);
324 	switch (h->tpgs) {
325 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT|TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
326 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
327 			    "%s: supports implicit and explicit TPGS\n",
328 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
329 		break;
330 	case TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT:
331 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports explicit TPGS\n",
332 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
333 		break;
334 	case TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT:
335 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: supports implicit TPGS\n",
336 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
337 		break;
338 	default:
339 		h->tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
340 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev, "%s: not supported\n",
341 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
342 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
343 		break;
344 	}
345 
346 	return err;
347 }
348 
349 /*
350  * alua_vpd_inquiry - Evaluate INQUIRY vpd page 0x83
351  * @sdev: device to be checked
352  *
353  * Extract the relative target port and the target port group
354  * descriptor from the list of identificators.
355  */
356 static int alua_vpd_inquiry(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
357 {
358 	int len;
359 	unsigned err;
360 	unsigned char *d;
361 
362  retry:
363 	err = submit_vpd_inquiry(sdev, h);
364 
365 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
366 		return err;
367 
368 	/* Check if vpd page exceeds initial buffer */
369 	len = (h->buff[2] << 8) + h->buff[3] + 4;
370 	if (len > h->bufflen) {
371 		/* Resubmit with the correct length */
372 		if (realloc_buffer(h, len)) {
373 			sdev_printk(KERN_WARNING, sdev,
374 				    "%s: kmalloc buffer failed\n",
375 				    ALUA_DH_NAME);
376 			/* Temporary failure, bypass */
377 			return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
378 		}
379 		goto retry;
380 	}
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * Now look for the correct descriptor.
384 	 */
385 	d = h->buff + 4;
386 	while (d < h->buff + len) {
387 		switch (d[1] & 0xf) {
388 		case 0x4:
389 			/* Relative target port */
390 			h->rel_port = (d[6] << 8) + d[7];
391 			break;
392 		case 0x5:
393 			/* Target port group */
394 			h->group_id = (d[6] << 8) + d[7];
395 			break;
396 		default:
397 			break;
398 		}
399 		d += d[3] + 4;
400 	}
401 
402 	if (h->group_id == -1) {
403 		/*
404 		 * Internal error; TPGS supported but required
405 		 * VPD identification descriptors not present.
406 		 * Disable ALUA support
407 		 */
408 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
409 			    "%s: No target port descriptors found\n",
410 			    ALUA_DH_NAME);
411 		h->state = TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED;
412 		h->tpgs = TPGS_MODE_NONE;
413 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_UNSUPP;
414 	} else {
415 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
416 			    "%s: port group %02x rel port %02x\n",
417 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, h->group_id, h->rel_port);
418 	}
419 
420 	return err;
421 }
422 
423 static char print_alua_state(int state)
424 {
425 	switch (state) {
426 	case TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED:
427 		return 'A';
428 	case TPGS_STATE_NONOPTIMIZED:
429 		return 'N';
430 	case TPGS_STATE_STANDBY:
431 		return 'S';
432 	case TPGS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
433 		return 'U';
434 	case TPGS_STATE_LBA_DEPENDENT:
435 		return 'L';
436 	case TPGS_STATE_OFFLINE:
437 		return 'O';
438 	case TPGS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
439 		return 'T';
440 	default:
441 		return 'X';
442 	}
443 }
444 
445 static int alua_check_sense(struct scsi_device *sdev,
446 			    struct scsi_sense_hdr *sense_hdr)
447 {
448 	switch (sense_hdr->sense_key) {
449 	case NOT_READY:
450 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0a)
451 			/*
452 			 * LUN Not Accessible - ALUA state transition
453 			 */
454 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
455 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0b)
456 			/*
457 			 * LUN Not Accessible -- Target port in standby state
458 			 */
459 			return SUCCESS;
460 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0c)
461 			/*
462 			 * LUN Not Accessible -- Target port in unavailable state
463 			 */
464 			return SUCCESS;
465 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x12)
466 			/*
467 			 * LUN Not Ready -- Offline
468 			 */
469 			return SUCCESS;
470 		if (sdev->allow_restart &&
471 		    sense_hdr->asc == 0x04 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x02)
472 			/*
473 			 * if the device is not started, we need to wake
474 			 * the error handler to start the motor
475 			 */
476 			return FAILED;
477 		break;
478 	case UNIT_ATTENTION:
479 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x00)
480 			/*
481 			 * Power On, Reset, or Bus Device Reset, just retry.
482 			 */
483 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
484 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x29 && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x04)
485 			/*
486 			 * Device internal reset
487 			 */
488 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
489 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x01)
490 			/*
491 			 * Mode Parameters Changed
492 			 */
493 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
494 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x06)
495 			/*
496 			 * ALUA state changed
497 			 */
498 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
499 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x2a && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x07)
500 			/*
501 			 * Implicit ALUA state transition failed
502 			 */
503 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
504 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x03)
505 			/*
506 			 * Inquiry data has changed
507 			 */
508 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
509 		if (sense_hdr->asc == 0x3f && sense_hdr->ascq == 0x0e)
510 			/*
511 			 * REPORTED_LUNS_DATA_HAS_CHANGED is reported
512 			 * when switching controllers on targets like
513 			 * Intel Multi-Flex. We can just retry.
514 			 */
515 			return ADD_TO_MLQUEUE;
516 		break;
517 	}
518 
519 	return SCSI_RETURN_NOT_HANDLED;
520 }
521 
522 /*
523  * alua_rtpg - Evaluate REPORT TARGET GROUP STATES
524  * @sdev: the device to be evaluated.
525  * @wait_for_transition: if nonzero, wait ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT seconds for device to exit transitioning state
526  *
527  * Evaluate the Target Port Group State.
528  * Returns SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED if the path is
529  * found to be unusable.
530  */
531 static int alua_rtpg(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h, int wait_for_transition)
532 {
533 	struct scsi_sense_hdr sense_hdr;
534 	int len, k, off, valid_states = 0;
535 	unsigned char *ucp;
536 	unsigned err;
537 	bool rtpg_ext_hdr_req = 1;
538 	unsigned long expiry, interval = 0;
539 	unsigned int tpg_desc_tbl_off;
540 	unsigned char orig_transition_tmo;
541 
542 	if (!h->transition_tmo)
543 		expiry = round_jiffies_up(jiffies + ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT * HZ);
544 	else
545 		expiry = round_jiffies_up(jiffies + h->transition_tmo * HZ);
546 
547  retry:
548 	err = submit_rtpg(sdev, h, rtpg_ext_hdr_req);
549 
550 	if (err == SCSI_DH_IO && h->senselen > 0) {
551 		err = scsi_normalize_sense(h->sense, SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE,
552 					   &sense_hdr);
553 		if (!err)
554 			return SCSI_DH_IO;
555 
556 		/*
557 		 * submit_rtpg() has failed on existing arrays
558 		 * when requesting extended header info, and
559 		 * the array doesn't support extended headers,
560 		 * even though it shouldn't according to T10.
561 		 * The retry without rtpg_ext_hdr_req set
562 		 * handles this.
563 		 */
564 		if (rtpg_ext_hdr_req == 1 &&
565 		    sense_hdr.sense_key == ILLEGAL_REQUEST &&
566 		    sense_hdr.asc == 0x24 && sense_hdr.ascq == 0) {
567 			rtpg_ext_hdr_req = 0;
568 			goto retry;
569 		}
570 
571 		err = alua_check_sense(sdev, &sense_hdr);
572 		if (err == ADD_TO_MLQUEUE && time_before(jiffies, expiry))
573 			goto retry;
574 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
575 			    "%s: rtpg sense code %02x/%02x/%02x\n",
576 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, sense_hdr.sense_key,
577 			    sense_hdr.asc, sense_hdr.ascq);
578 		err = SCSI_DH_IO;
579 	}
580 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
581 		return err;
582 
583 	len = (h->buff[0] << 24) + (h->buff[1] << 16) +
584 		(h->buff[2] << 8) + h->buff[3] + 4;
585 
586 	if (len > h->bufflen) {
587 		/* Resubmit with the correct length */
588 		if (realloc_buffer(h, len)) {
589 			sdev_printk(KERN_WARNING, sdev,
590 				    "%s: kmalloc buffer failed\n",__func__);
591 			/* Temporary failure, bypass */
592 			return SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY;
593 		}
594 		goto retry;
595 	}
596 
597 	orig_transition_tmo = h->transition_tmo;
598 	if ((h->buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR && h->buff[5] != 0)
599 		h->transition_tmo = h->buff[5];
600 	else
601 		h->transition_tmo = ALUA_FAILOVER_TIMEOUT;
602 
603 	if (wait_for_transition && (orig_transition_tmo != h->transition_tmo)) {
604 		sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
605 			    "%s: transition timeout set to %d seconds\n",
606 			    ALUA_DH_NAME, h->transition_tmo);
607 		expiry = jiffies + h->transition_tmo * HZ;
608 	}
609 
610 	if ((h->buff[4] & RTPG_FMT_MASK) == RTPG_FMT_EXT_HDR)
611 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 8;
612 	else
613 		tpg_desc_tbl_off = 4;
614 
615 	for (k = tpg_desc_tbl_off, ucp = h->buff + tpg_desc_tbl_off;
616 	     k < len;
617 	     k += off, ucp += off) {
618 
619 		if (h->group_id == (ucp[2] << 8) + ucp[3]) {
620 			h->state = ucp[0] & 0x0f;
621 			h->pref = ucp[0] >> 7;
622 			valid_states = ucp[1];
623 		}
624 		off = 8 + (ucp[7] * 4);
625 	}
626 
627 	sdev_printk(KERN_INFO, sdev,
628 		    "%s: port group %02x state %c %s supports %c%c%c%c%c%c%c\n",
629 		    ALUA_DH_NAME, h->group_id, print_alua_state(h->state),
630 		    h->pref ? "preferred" : "non-preferred",
631 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_TRANSITION?'T':'t',
632 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OFFLINE?'O':'o',
633 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_LBA_DEPENDENT?'L':'l',
634 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_UNAVAILABLE?'U':'u',
635 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_STANDBY?'S':'s',
636 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_NONOPTIMIZED?'N':'n',
637 		    valid_states&TPGS_SUPPORT_OPTIMIZED?'A':'a');
638 
639 	switch (h->state) {
640 	case TPGS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
641 		if (wait_for_transition) {
642 			if (time_before(jiffies, expiry)) {
643 				/* State transition, retry */
644 				interval += 2000;
645 				msleep(interval);
646 				goto retry;
647 			}
648 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
649 		} else {
650 			err = SCSI_DH_OK;
651 		}
652 
653 		/* Transitioning time exceeded, set port to standby */
654 		h->state = TPGS_STATE_STANDBY;
655 		break;
656 	case TPGS_STATE_OFFLINE:
657 		/* Path unusable */
658 		err = SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED;
659 		break;
660 	default:
661 		/* Useable path if active */
662 		err = SCSI_DH_OK;
663 		break;
664 	}
665 	return err;
666 }
667 
668 /*
669  * alua_initialize - Initialize ALUA state
670  * @sdev: the device to be initialized
671  *
672  * For the prep_fn to work correctly we have
673  * to initialize the ALUA state for the device.
674  */
675 static int alua_initialize(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct alua_dh_data *h)
676 {
677 	int err;
678 
679 	err = alua_check_tpgs(sdev, h);
680 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
681 		goto out;
682 
683 	err = alua_vpd_inquiry(sdev, h);
684 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
685 		goto out;
686 
687 	err = alua_rtpg(sdev, h, 0);
688 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
689 		goto out;
690 
691 out:
692 	return err;
693 }
694 /*
695  * alua_set_params - set/unset the optimize flag
696  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
697  * params - parameters in the following format
698  *      "no_of_params\0param1\0param2\0param3\0...\0"
699  * For example, to set the flag pass the following parameters
700  * from multipath.conf
701  *     hardware_handler        "2 alua 1"
702  */
703 static int alua_set_params(struct scsi_device *sdev, const char *params)
704 {
705 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
706 	unsigned int optimize = 0, argc;
707 	const char *p = params;
708 	int result = SCSI_DH_OK;
709 
710 	if ((sscanf(params, "%u", &argc) != 1) || (argc != 1))
711 		return -EINVAL;
712 
713 	while (*p++)
714 		;
715 	if ((sscanf(p, "%u", &optimize) != 1) || (optimize > 1))
716 		return -EINVAL;
717 
718 	if (optimize)
719 		h->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
720 	else
721 		h->flags &= ~ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
722 
723 	return result;
724 }
725 
726 static uint optimize_stpg;
727 module_param(optimize_stpg, uint, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR);
728 MODULE_PARM_DESC(optimize_stpg, "Allow use of a non-optimized path, rather than sending a STPG, when implicit TPGS is supported (0=No,1=Yes). Default is 0.");
729 
730 /*
731  * alua_activate - activate a path
732  * @sdev: device on the path to be activated
733  *
734  * We're currently switching the port group to be activated only and
735  * let the array figure out the rest.
736  * There may be other arrays which require us to switch all port groups
737  * based on a certain policy. But until we actually encounter them it
738  * should be okay.
739  */
740 static int alua_activate(struct scsi_device *sdev,
741 			activate_complete fn, void *data)
742 {
743 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
744 	int err = SCSI_DH_OK;
745 	int stpg = 0;
746 
747 	err = alua_rtpg(sdev, h, 1);
748 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK)
749 		goto out;
750 
751 	if (optimize_stpg)
752 		h->flags |= ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG;
753 
754 	if (h->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_EXPLICIT) {
755 		switch (h->state) {
756 		case TPGS_STATE_NONOPTIMIZED:
757 			stpg = 1;
758 			if ((h->flags & ALUA_OPTIMIZE_STPG) &&
759 			    (!h->pref) &&
760 			    (h->tpgs & TPGS_MODE_IMPLICIT))
761 				stpg = 0;
762 			break;
763 		case TPGS_STATE_STANDBY:
764 		case TPGS_STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
765 			stpg = 1;
766 			break;
767 		case TPGS_STATE_OFFLINE:
768 			err = SCSI_DH_IO;
769 			break;
770 		case TPGS_STATE_TRANSITIONING:
771 			err = SCSI_DH_RETRY;
772 			break;
773 		default:
774 			break;
775 		}
776 	}
777 
778 	if (stpg) {
779 		h->callback_fn = fn;
780 		h->callback_data = data;
781 		err = submit_stpg(h);
782 		if (err == SCSI_DH_OK)
783 			return 0;
784 		h->callback_fn = h->callback_data = NULL;
785 	}
786 
787 out:
788 	if (fn)
789 		fn(data, err);
790 	return 0;
791 }
792 
793 /*
794  * alua_prep_fn - request callback
795  *
796  * Fail I/O to all paths not in state
797  * active/optimized or active/non-optimized.
798  */
799 static int alua_prep_fn(struct scsi_device *sdev, struct request *req)
800 {
801 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
802 	int ret = BLKPREP_OK;
803 
804 	if (h->state == TPGS_STATE_TRANSITIONING)
805 		ret = BLKPREP_DEFER;
806 	else if (h->state != TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED &&
807 		 h->state != TPGS_STATE_NONOPTIMIZED &&
808 		 h->state != TPGS_STATE_LBA_DEPENDENT) {
809 		ret = BLKPREP_KILL;
810 		req->cmd_flags |= REQ_QUIET;
811 	}
812 	return ret;
813 
814 }
815 
816 /*
817  * alua_bus_attach - Attach device handler
818  * @sdev: device to be attached to
819  */
820 static int alua_bus_attach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
821 {
822 	struct alua_dh_data *h;
823 	int err;
824 
825 	h = kzalloc(sizeof(*h) , GFP_KERNEL);
826 	if (!h)
827 		return -ENOMEM;
828 	h->tpgs = TPGS_MODE_UNINITIALIZED;
829 	h->state = TPGS_STATE_OPTIMIZED;
830 	h->group_id = -1;
831 	h->rel_port = -1;
832 	h->buff = h->inq;
833 	h->bufflen = ALUA_INQUIRY_SIZE;
834 	h->sdev = sdev;
835 
836 	err = alua_initialize(sdev, h);
837 	if (err != SCSI_DH_OK && err != SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED)
838 		goto failed;
839 
840 	sdev->handler_data = h;
841 	return 0;
842 failed:
843 	kfree(h);
844 	return -EINVAL;
845 }
846 
847 /*
848  * alua_bus_detach - Detach device handler
849  * @sdev: device to be detached from
850  */
851 static void alua_bus_detach(struct scsi_device *sdev)
852 {
853 	struct alua_dh_data *h = sdev->handler_data;
854 
855 	if (h->buff && h->inq != h->buff)
856 		kfree(h->buff);
857 	sdev->handler_data = NULL;
858 	kfree(h);
859 }
860 
861 static struct scsi_device_handler alua_dh = {
862 	.name = ALUA_DH_NAME,
863 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
864 	.attach = alua_bus_attach,
865 	.detach = alua_bus_detach,
866 	.prep_fn = alua_prep_fn,
867 	.check_sense = alua_check_sense,
868 	.activate = alua_activate,
869 	.set_params = alua_set_params,
870 };
871 
872 static int __init alua_init(void)
873 {
874 	int r;
875 
876 	r = scsi_register_device_handler(&alua_dh);
877 	if (r != 0)
878 		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Failed to register scsi device handler",
879 			ALUA_DH_NAME);
880 	return r;
881 }
882 
883 static void __exit alua_exit(void)
884 {
885 	scsi_unregister_device_handler(&alua_dh);
886 }
887 
888 module_init(alua_init);
889 module_exit(alua_exit);
890 
891 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DM Multipath ALUA support");
892 MODULE_AUTHOR("Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>");
893 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
894 MODULE_VERSION(ALUA_DH_VER);
895