xref: /openbmc/linux/drivers/md/dm-mpath.c (revision eca7ee6dc01b21c669bce8c39d3d368509fb65e8)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2003 Sistina Software Limited.
3  * Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This file is released under the GPL.
6  */
7 
8 #include <linux/device-mapper.h>
9 
10 #include "dm.h"
11 #include "dm-path-selector.h"
12 #include "dm-uevent.h"
13 
14 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
15 #include <linux/ctype.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/mempool.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
20 #include <linux/slab.h>
21 #include <linux/time.h>
22 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
23 #include <linux/delay.h>
24 #include <scsi/scsi_dh.h>
25 #include <linux/atomic.h>
26 
27 #define DM_MSG_PREFIX "multipath"
28 #define DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_MSECS 2000
29 #define DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_DEFAULT ((unsigned) -1)
30 
31 /* Path properties */
32 struct pgpath {
33 	struct list_head list;
34 
35 	struct priority_group *pg;	/* Owning PG */
36 	unsigned is_active;		/* Path status */
37 	unsigned fail_count;		/* Cumulative failure count */
38 
39 	struct dm_path path;
40 	struct delayed_work activate_path;
41 };
42 
43 #define path_to_pgpath(__pgp) container_of((__pgp), struct pgpath, path)
44 
45 /*
46  * Paths are grouped into Priority Groups and numbered from 1 upwards.
47  * Each has a path selector which controls which path gets used.
48  */
49 struct priority_group {
50 	struct list_head list;
51 
52 	struct multipath *m;		/* Owning multipath instance */
53 	struct path_selector ps;
54 
55 	unsigned pg_num;		/* Reference number */
56 	unsigned bypassed;		/* Temporarily bypass this PG? */
57 
58 	unsigned nr_pgpaths;		/* Number of paths in PG */
59 	struct list_head pgpaths;
60 };
61 
62 /* Multipath context */
63 struct multipath {
64 	struct list_head list;
65 	struct dm_target *ti;
66 
67 	const char *hw_handler_name;
68 	char *hw_handler_params;
69 
70 	spinlock_t lock;
71 
72 	unsigned nr_priority_groups;
73 	struct list_head priority_groups;
74 
75 	wait_queue_head_t pg_init_wait;	/* Wait for pg_init completion */
76 
77 	unsigned pg_init_required;	/* pg_init needs calling? */
78 	unsigned pg_init_in_progress;	/* Only one pg_init allowed at once */
79 	unsigned pg_init_delay_retry;	/* Delay pg_init retry? */
80 
81 	unsigned nr_valid_paths;	/* Total number of usable paths */
82 	struct pgpath *current_pgpath;
83 	struct priority_group *current_pg;
84 	struct priority_group *next_pg;	/* Switch to this PG if set */
85 	unsigned repeat_count;		/* I/Os left before calling PS again */
86 
87 	unsigned queue_io:1;		/* Must we queue all I/O? */
88 	unsigned queue_if_no_path:1;	/* Queue I/O if last path fails? */
89 	unsigned saved_queue_if_no_path:1; /* Saved state during suspension */
90 	unsigned retain_attached_hw_handler:1; /* If there's already a hw_handler present, don't change it. */
91 	unsigned pg_init_disabled:1;	/* pg_init is not currently allowed */
92 
93 	unsigned pg_init_retries;	/* Number of times to retry pg_init */
94 	unsigned pg_init_count;		/* Number of times pg_init called */
95 	unsigned pg_init_delay_msecs;	/* Number of msecs before pg_init retry */
96 
97 	struct work_struct trigger_event;
98 
99 	/*
100 	 * We must use a mempool of dm_mpath_io structs so that we
101 	 * can resubmit bios on error.
102 	 */
103 	mempool_t *mpio_pool;
104 
105 	struct mutex work_mutex;
106 };
107 
108 /*
109  * Context information attached to each bio we process.
110  */
111 struct dm_mpath_io {
112 	struct pgpath *pgpath;
113 	size_t nr_bytes;
114 };
115 
116 typedef int (*action_fn) (struct pgpath *pgpath);
117 
118 static struct kmem_cache *_mpio_cache;
119 
120 static struct workqueue_struct *kmultipathd, *kmpath_handlerd;
121 static void trigger_event(struct work_struct *work);
122 static void activate_path(struct work_struct *work);
123 static int __pgpath_busy(struct pgpath *pgpath);
124 
125 
126 /*-----------------------------------------------
127  * Allocation routines
128  *-----------------------------------------------*/
129 
130 static struct pgpath *alloc_pgpath(void)
131 {
132 	struct pgpath *pgpath = kzalloc(sizeof(*pgpath), GFP_KERNEL);
133 
134 	if (pgpath) {
135 		pgpath->is_active = 1;
136 		INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&pgpath->activate_path, activate_path);
137 	}
138 
139 	return pgpath;
140 }
141 
142 static void free_pgpath(struct pgpath *pgpath)
143 {
144 	kfree(pgpath);
145 }
146 
147 static struct priority_group *alloc_priority_group(void)
148 {
149 	struct priority_group *pg;
150 
151 	pg = kzalloc(sizeof(*pg), GFP_KERNEL);
152 
153 	if (pg)
154 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pg->pgpaths);
155 
156 	return pg;
157 }
158 
159 static void free_pgpaths(struct list_head *pgpaths, struct dm_target *ti)
160 {
161 	struct pgpath *pgpath, *tmp;
162 
163 	list_for_each_entry_safe(pgpath, tmp, pgpaths, list) {
164 		list_del(&pgpath->list);
165 		dm_put_device(ti, pgpath->path.dev);
166 		free_pgpath(pgpath);
167 	}
168 }
169 
170 static void free_priority_group(struct priority_group *pg,
171 				struct dm_target *ti)
172 {
173 	struct path_selector *ps = &pg->ps;
174 
175 	if (ps->type) {
176 		ps->type->destroy(ps);
177 		dm_put_path_selector(ps->type);
178 	}
179 
180 	free_pgpaths(&pg->pgpaths, ti);
181 	kfree(pg);
182 }
183 
184 static struct multipath *alloc_multipath(struct dm_target *ti)
185 {
186 	struct multipath *m;
187 	unsigned min_ios = dm_get_reserved_rq_based_ios();
188 
189 	m = kzalloc(sizeof(*m), GFP_KERNEL);
190 	if (m) {
191 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&m->priority_groups);
192 		spin_lock_init(&m->lock);
193 		m->queue_io = 1;
194 		m->pg_init_delay_msecs = DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_DEFAULT;
195 		INIT_WORK(&m->trigger_event, trigger_event);
196 		init_waitqueue_head(&m->pg_init_wait);
197 		mutex_init(&m->work_mutex);
198 		m->mpio_pool = mempool_create_slab_pool(min_ios, _mpio_cache);
199 		if (!m->mpio_pool) {
200 			kfree(m);
201 			return NULL;
202 		}
203 		m->ti = ti;
204 		ti->private = m;
205 	}
206 
207 	return m;
208 }
209 
210 static void free_multipath(struct multipath *m)
211 {
212 	struct priority_group *pg, *tmp;
213 
214 	list_for_each_entry_safe(pg, tmp, &m->priority_groups, list) {
215 		list_del(&pg->list);
216 		free_priority_group(pg, m->ti);
217 	}
218 
219 	kfree(m->hw_handler_name);
220 	kfree(m->hw_handler_params);
221 	mempool_destroy(m->mpio_pool);
222 	kfree(m);
223 }
224 
225 static int set_mapinfo(struct multipath *m, union map_info *info)
226 {
227 	struct dm_mpath_io *mpio;
228 
229 	mpio = mempool_alloc(m->mpio_pool, GFP_ATOMIC);
230 	if (!mpio)
231 		return -ENOMEM;
232 
233 	memset(mpio, 0, sizeof(*mpio));
234 	info->ptr = mpio;
235 
236 	return 0;
237 }
238 
239 static void clear_mapinfo(struct multipath *m, union map_info *info)
240 {
241 	struct dm_mpath_io *mpio = info->ptr;
242 
243 	info->ptr = NULL;
244 	mempool_free(mpio, m->mpio_pool);
245 }
246 
247 /*-----------------------------------------------
248  * Path selection
249  *-----------------------------------------------*/
250 
251 static int __pg_init_all_paths(struct multipath *m)
252 {
253 	struct pgpath *pgpath;
254 	unsigned long pg_init_delay = 0;
255 
256 	if (m->pg_init_in_progress || m->pg_init_disabled)
257 		return 0;
258 
259 	m->pg_init_count++;
260 	m->pg_init_required = 0;
261 
262 	/* Check here to reset pg_init_required */
263 	if (!m->current_pg)
264 		return 0;
265 
266 	if (m->pg_init_delay_retry)
267 		pg_init_delay = msecs_to_jiffies(m->pg_init_delay_msecs != DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_DEFAULT ?
268 						 m->pg_init_delay_msecs : DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_MSECS);
269 	list_for_each_entry(pgpath, &m->current_pg->pgpaths, list) {
270 		/* Skip failed paths */
271 		if (!pgpath->is_active)
272 			continue;
273 		if (queue_delayed_work(kmpath_handlerd, &pgpath->activate_path,
274 				       pg_init_delay))
275 			m->pg_init_in_progress++;
276 	}
277 	return m->pg_init_in_progress;
278 }
279 
280 static void __switch_pg(struct multipath *m, struct pgpath *pgpath)
281 {
282 	m->current_pg = pgpath->pg;
283 
284 	/* Must we initialise the PG first, and queue I/O till it's ready? */
285 	if (m->hw_handler_name) {
286 		m->pg_init_required = 1;
287 		m->queue_io = 1;
288 	} else {
289 		m->pg_init_required = 0;
290 		m->queue_io = 0;
291 	}
292 
293 	m->pg_init_count = 0;
294 }
295 
296 static int __choose_path_in_pg(struct multipath *m, struct priority_group *pg,
297 			       size_t nr_bytes)
298 {
299 	struct dm_path *path;
300 
301 	path = pg->ps.type->select_path(&pg->ps, &m->repeat_count, nr_bytes);
302 	if (!path)
303 		return -ENXIO;
304 
305 	m->current_pgpath = path_to_pgpath(path);
306 
307 	if (m->current_pg != pg)
308 		__switch_pg(m, m->current_pgpath);
309 
310 	return 0;
311 }
312 
313 static void __choose_pgpath(struct multipath *m, size_t nr_bytes)
314 {
315 	struct priority_group *pg;
316 	unsigned bypassed = 1;
317 
318 	if (!m->nr_valid_paths) {
319 		m->queue_io = 0;
320 		goto failed;
321 	}
322 
323 	/* Were we instructed to switch PG? */
324 	if (m->next_pg) {
325 		pg = m->next_pg;
326 		m->next_pg = NULL;
327 		if (!__choose_path_in_pg(m, pg, nr_bytes))
328 			return;
329 	}
330 
331 	/* Don't change PG until it has no remaining paths */
332 	if (m->current_pg && !__choose_path_in_pg(m, m->current_pg, nr_bytes))
333 		return;
334 
335 	/*
336 	 * Loop through priority groups until we find a valid path.
337 	 * First time we skip PGs marked 'bypassed'.
338 	 * Second time we only try the ones we skipped, but set
339 	 * pg_init_delay_retry so we do not hammer controllers.
340 	 */
341 	do {
342 		list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
343 			if (pg->bypassed == bypassed)
344 				continue;
345 			if (!__choose_path_in_pg(m, pg, nr_bytes)) {
346 				if (!bypassed)
347 					m->pg_init_delay_retry = 1;
348 				return;
349 			}
350 		}
351 	} while (bypassed--);
352 
353 failed:
354 	m->current_pgpath = NULL;
355 	m->current_pg = NULL;
356 }
357 
358 /*
359  * Check whether bios must be queued in the device-mapper core rather
360  * than here in the target.
361  *
362  * m->lock must be held on entry.
363  *
364  * If m->queue_if_no_path and m->saved_queue_if_no_path hold the
365  * same value then we are not between multipath_presuspend()
366  * and multipath_resume() calls and we have no need to check
367  * for the DMF_NOFLUSH_SUSPENDING flag.
368  */
369 static int __must_push_back(struct multipath *m)
370 {
371 	return (m->queue_if_no_path ||
372 		(m->queue_if_no_path != m->saved_queue_if_no_path &&
373 		 dm_noflush_suspending(m->ti)));
374 }
375 
376 /*
377  * Map cloned requests
378  */
379 static int __multipath_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct request *clone,
380 			   union map_info *map_context,
381 			   struct request *rq, struct request **__clone)
382 {
383 	struct multipath *m = (struct multipath *) ti->private;
384 	int r = DM_MAPIO_REQUEUE;
385 	size_t nr_bytes = clone ? blk_rq_bytes(clone) : blk_rq_bytes(rq);
386 	struct pgpath *pgpath;
387 	struct block_device *bdev;
388 	struct dm_mpath_io *mpio;
389 
390 	spin_lock_irq(&m->lock);
391 
392 	/* Do we need to select a new pgpath? */
393 	if (!m->current_pgpath ||
394 	    (!m->queue_io && (m->repeat_count && --m->repeat_count == 0)))
395 		__choose_pgpath(m, nr_bytes);
396 
397 	pgpath = m->current_pgpath;
398 
399 	if (!pgpath) {
400 		if (!__must_push_back(m))
401 			r = -EIO;	/* Failed */
402 		goto out_unlock;
403 	} else if (m->queue_io || m->pg_init_required) {
404 		__pg_init_all_paths(m);
405 		goto out_unlock;
406 	}
407 
408 	if (set_mapinfo(m, map_context) < 0)
409 		/* ENOMEM, requeue */
410 		goto out_unlock;
411 
412 	mpio = map_context->ptr;
413 	mpio->pgpath = pgpath;
414 	mpio->nr_bytes = nr_bytes;
415 
416 	bdev = pgpath->path.dev->bdev;
417 
418 	spin_unlock_irq(&m->lock);
419 
420 	if (clone) {
421 		/*
422 		 * Old request-based interface: allocated clone is passed in.
423 		 * Used by: .request_fn stacked on .request_fn path(s).
424 		 */
425 		clone->q = bdev_get_queue(bdev);
426 		clone->rq_disk = bdev->bd_disk;
427 		clone->cmd_flags |= REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT;
428 	} else {
429 		/*
430 		 * blk-mq request-based interface; used by both:
431 		 * .request_fn stacked on blk-mq path(s) and
432 		 * blk-mq stacked on blk-mq path(s).
433 		 */
434 		*__clone = blk_get_request(bdev_get_queue(bdev),
435 					   rq_data_dir(rq), GFP_ATOMIC);
436 		if (IS_ERR(*__clone)) {
437 			/* ENOMEM, requeue */
438 			clear_mapinfo(m, map_context);
439 			return r;
440 		}
441 		(*__clone)->bio = (*__clone)->biotail = NULL;
442 		(*__clone)->rq_disk = bdev->bd_disk;
443 		(*__clone)->cmd_flags |= REQ_FAILFAST_TRANSPORT;
444 	}
445 
446 	if (pgpath->pg->ps.type->start_io)
447 		pgpath->pg->ps.type->start_io(&pgpath->pg->ps,
448 					      &pgpath->path,
449 					      nr_bytes);
450 	return DM_MAPIO_REMAPPED;
451 
452 out_unlock:
453 	spin_unlock_irq(&m->lock);
454 
455 	return r;
456 }
457 
458 static int multipath_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct request *clone,
459 			 union map_info *map_context)
460 {
461 	return __multipath_map(ti, clone, map_context, NULL, NULL);
462 }
463 
464 static int multipath_clone_and_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct request *rq,
465 				   union map_info *map_context,
466 				   struct request **clone)
467 {
468 	return __multipath_map(ti, NULL, map_context, rq, clone);
469 }
470 
471 static void multipath_release_clone(struct request *clone)
472 {
473 	blk_put_request(clone);
474 }
475 
476 /*
477  * If we run out of usable paths, should we queue I/O or error it?
478  */
479 static int queue_if_no_path(struct multipath *m, unsigned queue_if_no_path,
480 			    unsigned save_old_value)
481 {
482 	unsigned long flags;
483 
484 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
485 
486 	if (save_old_value)
487 		m->saved_queue_if_no_path = m->queue_if_no_path;
488 	else
489 		m->saved_queue_if_no_path = queue_if_no_path;
490 	m->queue_if_no_path = queue_if_no_path;
491 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
492 
493 	if (!queue_if_no_path)
494 		dm_table_run_md_queue_async(m->ti->table);
495 
496 	return 0;
497 }
498 
499 /*
500  * An event is triggered whenever a path is taken out of use.
501  * Includes path failure and PG bypass.
502  */
503 static void trigger_event(struct work_struct *work)
504 {
505 	struct multipath *m =
506 		container_of(work, struct multipath, trigger_event);
507 
508 	dm_table_event(m->ti->table);
509 }
510 
511 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
512  * Constructor/argument parsing:
513  * <#multipath feature args> [<arg>]*
514  * <#hw_handler args> [hw_handler [<arg>]*]
515  * <#priority groups>
516  * <initial priority group>
517  *     [<selector> <#selector args> [<arg>]*
518  *      <#paths> <#per-path selector args>
519  *         [<path> [<arg>]* ]+ ]+
520  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
521 static int parse_path_selector(struct dm_arg_set *as, struct priority_group *pg,
522 			       struct dm_target *ti)
523 {
524 	int r;
525 	struct path_selector_type *pst;
526 	unsigned ps_argc;
527 
528 	static struct dm_arg _args[] = {
529 		{0, 1024, "invalid number of path selector args"},
530 	};
531 
532 	pst = dm_get_path_selector(dm_shift_arg(as));
533 	if (!pst) {
534 		ti->error = "unknown path selector type";
535 		return -EINVAL;
536 	}
537 
538 	r = dm_read_arg_group(_args, as, &ps_argc, &ti->error);
539 	if (r) {
540 		dm_put_path_selector(pst);
541 		return -EINVAL;
542 	}
543 
544 	r = pst->create(&pg->ps, ps_argc, as->argv);
545 	if (r) {
546 		dm_put_path_selector(pst);
547 		ti->error = "path selector constructor failed";
548 		return r;
549 	}
550 
551 	pg->ps.type = pst;
552 	dm_consume_args(as, ps_argc);
553 
554 	return 0;
555 }
556 
557 static struct pgpath *parse_path(struct dm_arg_set *as, struct path_selector *ps,
558 			       struct dm_target *ti)
559 {
560 	int r;
561 	struct pgpath *p;
562 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
563 	struct request_queue *q = NULL;
564 	const char *attached_handler_name;
565 
566 	/* we need at least a path arg */
567 	if (as->argc < 1) {
568 		ti->error = "no device given";
569 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
570 	}
571 
572 	p = alloc_pgpath();
573 	if (!p)
574 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
575 
576 	r = dm_get_device(ti, dm_shift_arg(as), dm_table_get_mode(ti->table),
577 			  &p->path.dev);
578 	if (r) {
579 		ti->error = "error getting device";
580 		goto bad;
581 	}
582 
583 	if (m->retain_attached_hw_handler || m->hw_handler_name)
584 		q = bdev_get_queue(p->path.dev->bdev);
585 
586 	if (m->retain_attached_hw_handler) {
587 retain:
588 		attached_handler_name = scsi_dh_attached_handler_name(q, GFP_KERNEL);
589 		if (attached_handler_name) {
590 			/*
591 			 * Reset hw_handler_name to match the attached handler
592 			 * and clear any hw_handler_params associated with the
593 			 * ignored handler.
594 			 *
595 			 * NB. This modifies the table line to show the actual
596 			 * handler instead of the original table passed in.
597 			 */
598 			kfree(m->hw_handler_name);
599 			m->hw_handler_name = attached_handler_name;
600 
601 			kfree(m->hw_handler_params);
602 			m->hw_handler_params = NULL;
603 		}
604 	}
605 
606 	if (m->hw_handler_name) {
607 		r = scsi_dh_attach(q, m->hw_handler_name);
608 		if (r == -EBUSY) {
609 			char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
610 
611 			printk(KERN_INFO "dm-mpath: retaining handler on device %s\n",
612 				bdevname(p->path.dev->bdev, b));
613 			goto retain;
614 		}
615 		if (r < 0) {
616 			ti->error = "error attaching hardware handler";
617 			dm_put_device(ti, p->path.dev);
618 			goto bad;
619 		}
620 
621 		if (m->hw_handler_params) {
622 			r = scsi_dh_set_params(q, m->hw_handler_params);
623 			if (r < 0) {
624 				ti->error = "unable to set hardware "
625 							"handler parameters";
626 				dm_put_device(ti, p->path.dev);
627 				goto bad;
628 			}
629 		}
630 	}
631 
632 	r = ps->type->add_path(ps, &p->path, as->argc, as->argv, &ti->error);
633 	if (r) {
634 		dm_put_device(ti, p->path.dev);
635 		goto bad;
636 	}
637 
638 	return p;
639 
640  bad:
641 	free_pgpath(p);
642 	return ERR_PTR(r);
643 }
644 
645 static struct priority_group *parse_priority_group(struct dm_arg_set *as,
646 						   struct multipath *m)
647 {
648 	static struct dm_arg _args[] = {
649 		{1, 1024, "invalid number of paths"},
650 		{0, 1024, "invalid number of selector args"}
651 	};
652 
653 	int r;
654 	unsigned i, nr_selector_args, nr_args;
655 	struct priority_group *pg;
656 	struct dm_target *ti = m->ti;
657 
658 	if (as->argc < 2) {
659 		as->argc = 0;
660 		ti->error = "not enough priority group arguments";
661 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
662 	}
663 
664 	pg = alloc_priority_group();
665 	if (!pg) {
666 		ti->error = "couldn't allocate priority group";
667 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
668 	}
669 	pg->m = m;
670 
671 	r = parse_path_selector(as, pg, ti);
672 	if (r)
673 		goto bad;
674 
675 	/*
676 	 * read the paths
677 	 */
678 	r = dm_read_arg(_args, as, &pg->nr_pgpaths, &ti->error);
679 	if (r)
680 		goto bad;
681 
682 	r = dm_read_arg(_args + 1, as, &nr_selector_args, &ti->error);
683 	if (r)
684 		goto bad;
685 
686 	nr_args = 1 + nr_selector_args;
687 	for (i = 0; i < pg->nr_pgpaths; i++) {
688 		struct pgpath *pgpath;
689 		struct dm_arg_set path_args;
690 
691 		if (as->argc < nr_args) {
692 			ti->error = "not enough path parameters";
693 			r = -EINVAL;
694 			goto bad;
695 		}
696 
697 		path_args.argc = nr_args;
698 		path_args.argv = as->argv;
699 
700 		pgpath = parse_path(&path_args, &pg->ps, ti);
701 		if (IS_ERR(pgpath)) {
702 			r = PTR_ERR(pgpath);
703 			goto bad;
704 		}
705 
706 		pgpath->pg = pg;
707 		list_add_tail(&pgpath->list, &pg->pgpaths);
708 		dm_consume_args(as, nr_args);
709 	}
710 
711 	return pg;
712 
713  bad:
714 	free_priority_group(pg, ti);
715 	return ERR_PTR(r);
716 }
717 
718 static int parse_hw_handler(struct dm_arg_set *as, struct multipath *m)
719 {
720 	unsigned hw_argc;
721 	int ret;
722 	struct dm_target *ti = m->ti;
723 
724 	static struct dm_arg _args[] = {
725 		{0, 1024, "invalid number of hardware handler args"},
726 	};
727 
728 	if (dm_read_arg_group(_args, as, &hw_argc, &ti->error))
729 		return -EINVAL;
730 
731 	if (!hw_argc)
732 		return 0;
733 
734 	m->hw_handler_name = kstrdup(dm_shift_arg(as), GFP_KERNEL);
735 
736 	if (hw_argc > 1) {
737 		char *p;
738 		int i, j, len = 4;
739 
740 		for (i = 0; i <= hw_argc - 2; i++)
741 			len += strlen(as->argv[i]) + 1;
742 		p = m->hw_handler_params = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
743 		if (!p) {
744 			ti->error = "memory allocation failed";
745 			ret = -ENOMEM;
746 			goto fail;
747 		}
748 		j = sprintf(p, "%d", hw_argc - 1);
749 		for (i = 0, p+=j+1; i <= hw_argc - 2; i++, p+=j+1)
750 			j = sprintf(p, "%s", as->argv[i]);
751 	}
752 	dm_consume_args(as, hw_argc - 1);
753 
754 	return 0;
755 fail:
756 	kfree(m->hw_handler_name);
757 	m->hw_handler_name = NULL;
758 	return ret;
759 }
760 
761 static int parse_features(struct dm_arg_set *as, struct multipath *m)
762 {
763 	int r;
764 	unsigned argc;
765 	struct dm_target *ti = m->ti;
766 	const char *arg_name;
767 
768 	static struct dm_arg _args[] = {
769 		{0, 6, "invalid number of feature args"},
770 		{1, 50, "pg_init_retries must be between 1 and 50"},
771 		{0, 60000, "pg_init_delay_msecs must be between 0 and 60000"},
772 	};
773 
774 	r = dm_read_arg_group(_args, as, &argc, &ti->error);
775 	if (r)
776 		return -EINVAL;
777 
778 	if (!argc)
779 		return 0;
780 
781 	do {
782 		arg_name = dm_shift_arg(as);
783 		argc--;
784 
785 		if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "queue_if_no_path")) {
786 			r = queue_if_no_path(m, 1, 0);
787 			continue;
788 		}
789 
790 		if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "retain_attached_hw_handler")) {
791 			m->retain_attached_hw_handler = 1;
792 			continue;
793 		}
794 
795 		if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "pg_init_retries") &&
796 		    (argc >= 1)) {
797 			r = dm_read_arg(_args + 1, as, &m->pg_init_retries, &ti->error);
798 			argc--;
799 			continue;
800 		}
801 
802 		if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "pg_init_delay_msecs") &&
803 		    (argc >= 1)) {
804 			r = dm_read_arg(_args + 2, as, &m->pg_init_delay_msecs, &ti->error);
805 			argc--;
806 			continue;
807 		}
808 
809 		ti->error = "Unrecognised multipath feature request";
810 		r = -EINVAL;
811 	} while (argc && !r);
812 
813 	return r;
814 }
815 
816 static int multipath_ctr(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned int argc,
817 			 char **argv)
818 {
819 	/* target arguments */
820 	static struct dm_arg _args[] = {
821 		{0, 1024, "invalid number of priority groups"},
822 		{0, 1024, "invalid initial priority group number"},
823 	};
824 
825 	int r;
826 	struct multipath *m;
827 	struct dm_arg_set as;
828 	unsigned pg_count = 0;
829 	unsigned next_pg_num;
830 
831 	as.argc = argc;
832 	as.argv = argv;
833 
834 	m = alloc_multipath(ti);
835 	if (!m) {
836 		ti->error = "can't allocate multipath";
837 		return -EINVAL;
838 	}
839 
840 	r = parse_features(&as, m);
841 	if (r)
842 		goto bad;
843 
844 	r = parse_hw_handler(&as, m);
845 	if (r)
846 		goto bad;
847 
848 	r = dm_read_arg(_args, &as, &m->nr_priority_groups, &ti->error);
849 	if (r)
850 		goto bad;
851 
852 	r = dm_read_arg(_args + 1, &as, &next_pg_num, &ti->error);
853 	if (r)
854 		goto bad;
855 
856 	if ((!m->nr_priority_groups && next_pg_num) ||
857 	    (m->nr_priority_groups && !next_pg_num)) {
858 		ti->error = "invalid initial priority group";
859 		r = -EINVAL;
860 		goto bad;
861 	}
862 
863 	/* parse the priority groups */
864 	while (as.argc) {
865 		struct priority_group *pg;
866 
867 		pg = parse_priority_group(&as, m);
868 		if (IS_ERR(pg)) {
869 			r = PTR_ERR(pg);
870 			goto bad;
871 		}
872 
873 		m->nr_valid_paths += pg->nr_pgpaths;
874 		list_add_tail(&pg->list, &m->priority_groups);
875 		pg_count++;
876 		pg->pg_num = pg_count;
877 		if (!--next_pg_num)
878 			m->next_pg = pg;
879 	}
880 
881 	if (pg_count != m->nr_priority_groups) {
882 		ti->error = "priority group count mismatch";
883 		r = -EINVAL;
884 		goto bad;
885 	}
886 
887 	ti->num_flush_bios = 1;
888 	ti->num_discard_bios = 1;
889 	ti->num_write_same_bios = 1;
890 
891 	return 0;
892 
893  bad:
894 	free_multipath(m);
895 	return r;
896 }
897 
898 static void multipath_wait_for_pg_init_completion(struct multipath *m)
899 {
900 	DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
901 	unsigned long flags;
902 
903 	add_wait_queue(&m->pg_init_wait, &wait);
904 
905 	while (1) {
906 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
907 
908 		spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
909 		if (!m->pg_init_in_progress) {
910 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
911 			break;
912 		}
913 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
914 
915 		io_schedule();
916 	}
917 	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
918 
919 	remove_wait_queue(&m->pg_init_wait, &wait);
920 }
921 
922 static void flush_multipath_work(struct multipath *m)
923 {
924 	unsigned long flags;
925 
926 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
927 	m->pg_init_disabled = 1;
928 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
929 
930 	flush_workqueue(kmpath_handlerd);
931 	multipath_wait_for_pg_init_completion(m);
932 	flush_workqueue(kmultipathd);
933 	flush_work(&m->trigger_event);
934 
935 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
936 	m->pg_init_disabled = 0;
937 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
938 }
939 
940 static void multipath_dtr(struct dm_target *ti)
941 {
942 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
943 
944 	flush_multipath_work(m);
945 	free_multipath(m);
946 }
947 
948 /*
949  * Take a path out of use.
950  */
951 static int fail_path(struct pgpath *pgpath)
952 {
953 	unsigned long flags;
954 	struct multipath *m = pgpath->pg->m;
955 
956 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
957 
958 	if (!pgpath->is_active)
959 		goto out;
960 
961 	DMWARN("Failing path %s.", pgpath->path.dev->name);
962 
963 	pgpath->pg->ps.type->fail_path(&pgpath->pg->ps, &pgpath->path);
964 	pgpath->is_active = 0;
965 	pgpath->fail_count++;
966 
967 	m->nr_valid_paths--;
968 
969 	if (pgpath == m->current_pgpath)
970 		m->current_pgpath = NULL;
971 
972 	dm_path_uevent(DM_UEVENT_PATH_FAILED, m->ti,
973 		      pgpath->path.dev->name, m->nr_valid_paths);
974 
975 	schedule_work(&m->trigger_event);
976 
977 out:
978 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
979 
980 	return 0;
981 }
982 
983 /*
984  * Reinstate a previously-failed path
985  */
986 static int reinstate_path(struct pgpath *pgpath)
987 {
988 	int r = 0, run_queue = 0;
989 	unsigned long flags;
990 	struct multipath *m = pgpath->pg->m;
991 
992 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
993 
994 	if (pgpath->is_active)
995 		goto out;
996 
997 	if (!pgpath->pg->ps.type->reinstate_path) {
998 		DMWARN("Reinstate path not supported by path selector %s",
999 		       pgpath->pg->ps.type->name);
1000 		r = -EINVAL;
1001 		goto out;
1002 	}
1003 
1004 	r = pgpath->pg->ps.type->reinstate_path(&pgpath->pg->ps, &pgpath->path);
1005 	if (r)
1006 		goto out;
1007 
1008 	pgpath->is_active = 1;
1009 
1010 	if (!m->nr_valid_paths++) {
1011 		m->current_pgpath = NULL;
1012 		run_queue = 1;
1013 	} else if (m->hw_handler_name && (m->current_pg == pgpath->pg)) {
1014 		if (queue_work(kmpath_handlerd, &pgpath->activate_path.work))
1015 			m->pg_init_in_progress++;
1016 	}
1017 
1018 	dm_path_uevent(DM_UEVENT_PATH_REINSTATED, m->ti,
1019 		      pgpath->path.dev->name, m->nr_valid_paths);
1020 
1021 	schedule_work(&m->trigger_event);
1022 
1023 out:
1024 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1025 	if (run_queue)
1026 		dm_table_run_md_queue_async(m->ti->table);
1027 
1028 	return r;
1029 }
1030 
1031 /*
1032  * Fail or reinstate all paths that match the provided struct dm_dev.
1033  */
1034 static int action_dev(struct multipath *m, struct dm_dev *dev,
1035 		      action_fn action)
1036 {
1037 	int r = -EINVAL;
1038 	struct pgpath *pgpath;
1039 	struct priority_group *pg;
1040 
1041 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
1042 		list_for_each_entry(pgpath, &pg->pgpaths, list) {
1043 			if (pgpath->path.dev == dev)
1044 				r = action(pgpath);
1045 		}
1046 	}
1047 
1048 	return r;
1049 }
1050 
1051 /*
1052  * Temporarily try to avoid having to use the specified PG
1053  */
1054 static void bypass_pg(struct multipath *m, struct priority_group *pg,
1055 		      int bypassed)
1056 {
1057 	unsigned long flags;
1058 
1059 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1060 
1061 	pg->bypassed = bypassed;
1062 	m->current_pgpath = NULL;
1063 	m->current_pg = NULL;
1064 
1065 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1066 
1067 	schedule_work(&m->trigger_event);
1068 }
1069 
1070 /*
1071  * Switch to using the specified PG from the next I/O that gets mapped
1072  */
1073 static int switch_pg_num(struct multipath *m, const char *pgstr)
1074 {
1075 	struct priority_group *pg;
1076 	unsigned pgnum;
1077 	unsigned long flags;
1078 	char dummy;
1079 
1080 	if (!pgstr || (sscanf(pgstr, "%u%c", &pgnum, &dummy) != 1) || !pgnum ||
1081 	    (pgnum > m->nr_priority_groups)) {
1082 		DMWARN("invalid PG number supplied to switch_pg_num");
1083 		return -EINVAL;
1084 	}
1085 
1086 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1087 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
1088 		pg->bypassed = 0;
1089 		if (--pgnum)
1090 			continue;
1091 
1092 		m->current_pgpath = NULL;
1093 		m->current_pg = NULL;
1094 		m->next_pg = pg;
1095 	}
1096 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1097 
1098 	schedule_work(&m->trigger_event);
1099 	return 0;
1100 }
1101 
1102 /*
1103  * Set/clear bypassed status of a PG.
1104  * PGs are numbered upwards from 1 in the order they were declared.
1105  */
1106 static int bypass_pg_num(struct multipath *m, const char *pgstr, int bypassed)
1107 {
1108 	struct priority_group *pg;
1109 	unsigned pgnum;
1110 	char dummy;
1111 
1112 	if (!pgstr || (sscanf(pgstr, "%u%c", &pgnum, &dummy) != 1) || !pgnum ||
1113 	    (pgnum > m->nr_priority_groups)) {
1114 		DMWARN("invalid PG number supplied to bypass_pg");
1115 		return -EINVAL;
1116 	}
1117 
1118 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
1119 		if (!--pgnum)
1120 			break;
1121 	}
1122 
1123 	bypass_pg(m, pg, bypassed);
1124 	return 0;
1125 }
1126 
1127 /*
1128  * Should we retry pg_init immediately?
1129  */
1130 static int pg_init_limit_reached(struct multipath *m, struct pgpath *pgpath)
1131 {
1132 	unsigned long flags;
1133 	int limit_reached = 0;
1134 
1135 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1136 
1137 	if (m->pg_init_count <= m->pg_init_retries && !m->pg_init_disabled)
1138 		m->pg_init_required = 1;
1139 	else
1140 		limit_reached = 1;
1141 
1142 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1143 
1144 	return limit_reached;
1145 }
1146 
1147 static void pg_init_done(void *data, int errors)
1148 {
1149 	struct pgpath *pgpath = data;
1150 	struct priority_group *pg = pgpath->pg;
1151 	struct multipath *m = pg->m;
1152 	unsigned long flags;
1153 	unsigned delay_retry = 0;
1154 
1155 	/* device or driver problems */
1156 	switch (errors) {
1157 	case SCSI_DH_OK:
1158 		break;
1159 	case SCSI_DH_NOSYS:
1160 		if (!m->hw_handler_name) {
1161 			errors = 0;
1162 			break;
1163 		}
1164 		DMERR("Could not failover the device: Handler scsi_dh_%s "
1165 		      "Error %d.", m->hw_handler_name, errors);
1166 		/*
1167 		 * Fail path for now, so we do not ping pong
1168 		 */
1169 		fail_path(pgpath);
1170 		break;
1171 	case SCSI_DH_DEV_TEMP_BUSY:
1172 		/*
1173 		 * Probably doing something like FW upgrade on the
1174 		 * controller so try the other pg.
1175 		 */
1176 		bypass_pg(m, pg, 1);
1177 		break;
1178 	case SCSI_DH_RETRY:
1179 		/* Wait before retrying. */
1180 		delay_retry = 1;
1181 	case SCSI_DH_IMM_RETRY:
1182 	case SCSI_DH_RES_TEMP_UNAVAIL:
1183 		if (pg_init_limit_reached(m, pgpath))
1184 			fail_path(pgpath);
1185 		errors = 0;
1186 		break;
1187 	default:
1188 		/*
1189 		 * We probably do not want to fail the path for a device
1190 		 * error, but this is what the old dm did. In future
1191 		 * patches we can do more advanced handling.
1192 		 */
1193 		fail_path(pgpath);
1194 	}
1195 
1196 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1197 	if (errors) {
1198 		if (pgpath == m->current_pgpath) {
1199 			DMERR("Could not failover device. Error %d.", errors);
1200 			m->current_pgpath = NULL;
1201 			m->current_pg = NULL;
1202 		}
1203 	} else if (!m->pg_init_required)
1204 		pg->bypassed = 0;
1205 
1206 	if (--m->pg_init_in_progress)
1207 		/* Activations of other paths are still on going */
1208 		goto out;
1209 
1210 	if (m->pg_init_required) {
1211 		m->pg_init_delay_retry = delay_retry;
1212 		if (__pg_init_all_paths(m))
1213 			goto out;
1214 	}
1215 	m->queue_io = 0;
1216 
1217 	/*
1218 	 * Wake up any thread waiting to suspend.
1219 	 */
1220 	wake_up(&m->pg_init_wait);
1221 
1222 out:
1223 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1224 }
1225 
1226 static void activate_path(struct work_struct *work)
1227 {
1228 	struct pgpath *pgpath =
1229 		container_of(work, struct pgpath, activate_path.work);
1230 
1231 	if (pgpath->is_active)
1232 		scsi_dh_activate(bdev_get_queue(pgpath->path.dev->bdev),
1233 				 pg_init_done, pgpath);
1234 	else
1235 		pg_init_done(pgpath, SCSI_DH_DEV_OFFLINED);
1236 }
1237 
1238 static int noretry_error(int error)
1239 {
1240 	switch (error) {
1241 	case -EOPNOTSUPP:
1242 	case -EREMOTEIO:
1243 	case -EILSEQ:
1244 	case -ENODATA:
1245 	case -ENOSPC:
1246 		return 1;
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	/* Anything else could be a path failure, so should be retried */
1250 	return 0;
1251 }
1252 
1253 /*
1254  * end_io handling
1255  */
1256 static int do_end_io(struct multipath *m, struct request *clone,
1257 		     int error, struct dm_mpath_io *mpio)
1258 {
1259 	/*
1260 	 * We don't queue any clone request inside the multipath target
1261 	 * during end I/O handling, since those clone requests don't have
1262 	 * bio clones.  If we queue them inside the multipath target,
1263 	 * we need to make bio clones, that requires memory allocation.
1264 	 * (See drivers/md/dm.c:end_clone_bio() about why the clone requests
1265 	 *  don't have bio clones.)
1266 	 * Instead of queueing the clone request here, we queue the original
1267 	 * request into dm core, which will remake a clone request and
1268 	 * clone bios for it and resubmit it later.
1269 	 */
1270 	int r = DM_ENDIO_REQUEUE;
1271 	unsigned long flags;
1272 
1273 	if (!error && !clone->errors)
1274 		return 0;	/* I/O complete */
1275 
1276 	if (noretry_error(error))
1277 		return error;
1278 
1279 	if (mpio->pgpath)
1280 		fail_path(mpio->pgpath);
1281 
1282 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1283 	if (!m->nr_valid_paths) {
1284 		if (!m->queue_if_no_path) {
1285 			if (!__must_push_back(m))
1286 				r = -EIO;
1287 		} else {
1288 			if (error == -EBADE)
1289 				r = error;
1290 		}
1291 	}
1292 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1293 
1294 	return r;
1295 }
1296 
1297 static int multipath_end_io(struct dm_target *ti, struct request *clone,
1298 			    int error, union map_info *map_context)
1299 {
1300 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
1301 	struct dm_mpath_io *mpio = map_context->ptr;
1302 	struct pgpath *pgpath;
1303 	struct path_selector *ps;
1304 	int r;
1305 
1306 	BUG_ON(!mpio);
1307 
1308 	r  = do_end_io(m, clone, error, mpio);
1309 	pgpath = mpio->pgpath;
1310 	if (pgpath) {
1311 		ps = &pgpath->pg->ps;
1312 		if (ps->type->end_io)
1313 			ps->type->end_io(ps, &pgpath->path, mpio->nr_bytes);
1314 	}
1315 	clear_mapinfo(m, map_context);
1316 
1317 	return r;
1318 }
1319 
1320 /*
1321  * Suspend can't complete until all the I/O is processed so if
1322  * the last path fails we must error any remaining I/O.
1323  * Note that if the freeze_bdev fails while suspending, the
1324  * queue_if_no_path state is lost - userspace should reset it.
1325  */
1326 static void multipath_presuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
1327 {
1328 	struct multipath *m = (struct multipath *) ti->private;
1329 
1330 	queue_if_no_path(m, 0, 1);
1331 }
1332 
1333 static void multipath_postsuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
1334 {
1335 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
1336 
1337 	mutex_lock(&m->work_mutex);
1338 	flush_multipath_work(m);
1339 	mutex_unlock(&m->work_mutex);
1340 }
1341 
1342 /*
1343  * Restore the queue_if_no_path setting.
1344  */
1345 static void multipath_resume(struct dm_target *ti)
1346 {
1347 	struct multipath *m = (struct multipath *) ti->private;
1348 	unsigned long flags;
1349 
1350 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1351 	m->queue_if_no_path = m->saved_queue_if_no_path;
1352 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1353 }
1354 
1355 /*
1356  * Info output has the following format:
1357  * num_multipath_feature_args [multipath_feature_args]*
1358  * num_handler_status_args [handler_status_args]*
1359  * num_groups init_group_number
1360  *            [A|D|E num_ps_status_args [ps_status_args]*
1361  *             num_paths num_selector_args
1362  *             [path_dev A|F fail_count [selector_args]* ]+ ]+
1363  *
1364  * Table output has the following format (identical to the constructor string):
1365  * num_feature_args [features_args]*
1366  * num_handler_args hw_handler [hw_handler_args]*
1367  * num_groups init_group_number
1368  *     [priority selector-name num_ps_args [ps_args]*
1369  *      num_paths num_selector_args [path_dev [selector_args]* ]+ ]+
1370  */
1371 static void multipath_status(struct dm_target *ti, status_type_t type,
1372 			     unsigned status_flags, char *result, unsigned maxlen)
1373 {
1374 	int sz = 0;
1375 	unsigned long flags;
1376 	struct multipath *m = (struct multipath *) ti->private;
1377 	struct priority_group *pg;
1378 	struct pgpath *p;
1379 	unsigned pg_num;
1380 	char state;
1381 
1382 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1383 
1384 	/* Features */
1385 	if (type == STATUSTYPE_INFO)
1386 		DMEMIT("2 %u %u ", m->queue_io, m->pg_init_count);
1387 	else {
1388 		DMEMIT("%u ", m->queue_if_no_path +
1389 			      (m->pg_init_retries > 0) * 2 +
1390 			      (m->pg_init_delay_msecs != DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_DEFAULT) * 2 +
1391 			      m->retain_attached_hw_handler);
1392 		if (m->queue_if_no_path)
1393 			DMEMIT("queue_if_no_path ");
1394 		if (m->pg_init_retries)
1395 			DMEMIT("pg_init_retries %u ", m->pg_init_retries);
1396 		if (m->pg_init_delay_msecs != DM_PG_INIT_DELAY_DEFAULT)
1397 			DMEMIT("pg_init_delay_msecs %u ", m->pg_init_delay_msecs);
1398 		if (m->retain_attached_hw_handler)
1399 			DMEMIT("retain_attached_hw_handler ");
1400 	}
1401 
1402 	if (!m->hw_handler_name || type == STATUSTYPE_INFO)
1403 		DMEMIT("0 ");
1404 	else
1405 		DMEMIT("1 %s ", m->hw_handler_name);
1406 
1407 	DMEMIT("%u ", m->nr_priority_groups);
1408 
1409 	if (m->next_pg)
1410 		pg_num = m->next_pg->pg_num;
1411 	else if (m->current_pg)
1412 		pg_num = m->current_pg->pg_num;
1413 	else
1414 		pg_num = (m->nr_priority_groups ? 1 : 0);
1415 
1416 	DMEMIT("%u ", pg_num);
1417 
1418 	switch (type) {
1419 	case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
1420 		list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
1421 			if (pg->bypassed)
1422 				state = 'D';	/* Disabled */
1423 			else if (pg == m->current_pg)
1424 				state = 'A';	/* Currently Active */
1425 			else
1426 				state = 'E';	/* Enabled */
1427 
1428 			DMEMIT("%c ", state);
1429 
1430 			if (pg->ps.type->status)
1431 				sz += pg->ps.type->status(&pg->ps, NULL, type,
1432 							  result + sz,
1433 							  maxlen - sz);
1434 			else
1435 				DMEMIT("0 ");
1436 
1437 			DMEMIT("%u %u ", pg->nr_pgpaths,
1438 			       pg->ps.type->info_args);
1439 
1440 			list_for_each_entry(p, &pg->pgpaths, list) {
1441 				DMEMIT("%s %s %u ", p->path.dev->name,
1442 				       p->is_active ? "A" : "F",
1443 				       p->fail_count);
1444 				if (pg->ps.type->status)
1445 					sz += pg->ps.type->status(&pg->ps,
1446 					      &p->path, type, result + sz,
1447 					      maxlen - sz);
1448 			}
1449 		}
1450 		break;
1451 
1452 	case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
1453 		list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
1454 			DMEMIT("%s ", pg->ps.type->name);
1455 
1456 			if (pg->ps.type->status)
1457 				sz += pg->ps.type->status(&pg->ps, NULL, type,
1458 							  result + sz,
1459 							  maxlen - sz);
1460 			else
1461 				DMEMIT("0 ");
1462 
1463 			DMEMIT("%u %u ", pg->nr_pgpaths,
1464 			       pg->ps.type->table_args);
1465 
1466 			list_for_each_entry(p, &pg->pgpaths, list) {
1467 				DMEMIT("%s ", p->path.dev->name);
1468 				if (pg->ps.type->status)
1469 					sz += pg->ps.type->status(&pg->ps,
1470 					      &p->path, type, result + sz,
1471 					      maxlen - sz);
1472 			}
1473 		}
1474 		break;
1475 	}
1476 
1477 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1478 }
1479 
1480 static int multipath_message(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned argc, char **argv)
1481 {
1482 	int r = -EINVAL;
1483 	struct dm_dev *dev;
1484 	struct multipath *m = (struct multipath *) ti->private;
1485 	action_fn action;
1486 
1487 	mutex_lock(&m->work_mutex);
1488 
1489 	if (dm_suspended(ti)) {
1490 		r = -EBUSY;
1491 		goto out;
1492 	}
1493 
1494 	if (argc == 1) {
1495 		if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "queue_if_no_path")) {
1496 			r = queue_if_no_path(m, 1, 0);
1497 			goto out;
1498 		} else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "fail_if_no_path")) {
1499 			r = queue_if_no_path(m, 0, 0);
1500 			goto out;
1501 		}
1502 	}
1503 
1504 	if (argc != 2) {
1505 		DMWARN("Invalid multipath message arguments. Expected 2 arguments, got %d.", argc);
1506 		goto out;
1507 	}
1508 
1509 	if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "disable_group")) {
1510 		r = bypass_pg_num(m, argv[1], 1);
1511 		goto out;
1512 	} else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "enable_group")) {
1513 		r = bypass_pg_num(m, argv[1], 0);
1514 		goto out;
1515 	} else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "switch_group")) {
1516 		r = switch_pg_num(m, argv[1]);
1517 		goto out;
1518 	} else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "reinstate_path"))
1519 		action = reinstate_path;
1520 	else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "fail_path"))
1521 		action = fail_path;
1522 	else {
1523 		DMWARN("Unrecognised multipath message received: %s", argv[0]);
1524 		goto out;
1525 	}
1526 
1527 	r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[1], dm_table_get_mode(ti->table), &dev);
1528 	if (r) {
1529 		DMWARN("message: error getting device %s",
1530 		       argv[1]);
1531 		goto out;
1532 	}
1533 
1534 	r = action_dev(m, dev, action);
1535 
1536 	dm_put_device(ti, dev);
1537 
1538 out:
1539 	mutex_unlock(&m->work_mutex);
1540 	return r;
1541 }
1542 
1543 static int multipath_prepare_ioctl(struct dm_target *ti,
1544 		struct block_device **bdev, fmode_t *mode)
1545 {
1546 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
1547 	unsigned long flags;
1548 	int r;
1549 
1550 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1551 
1552 	if (!m->current_pgpath)
1553 		__choose_pgpath(m, 0);
1554 
1555 	if (m->current_pgpath) {
1556 		if (!m->queue_io) {
1557 			*bdev = m->current_pgpath->path.dev->bdev;
1558 			*mode = m->current_pgpath->path.dev->mode;
1559 			r = 0;
1560 		} else {
1561 			/* pg_init has not started or completed */
1562 			r = -ENOTCONN;
1563 		}
1564 	} else {
1565 		/* No path is available */
1566 		if (m->queue_if_no_path)
1567 			r = -ENOTCONN;
1568 		else
1569 			r = -EIO;
1570 	}
1571 
1572 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1573 
1574 	if (r == -ENOTCONN) {
1575 		spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1576 		if (!m->current_pg) {
1577 			/* Path status changed, redo selection */
1578 			__choose_pgpath(m, 0);
1579 		}
1580 		if (m->pg_init_required)
1581 			__pg_init_all_paths(m);
1582 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1583 		dm_table_run_md_queue_async(m->ti->table);
1584 	}
1585 
1586 	/*
1587 	 * Only pass ioctls through if the device sizes match exactly.
1588 	 */
1589 	if (!r && ti->len != i_size_read((*bdev)->bd_inode) >> SECTOR_SHIFT)
1590 		return 1;
1591 	return r;
1592 }
1593 
1594 static int multipath_iterate_devices(struct dm_target *ti,
1595 				     iterate_devices_callout_fn fn, void *data)
1596 {
1597 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
1598 	struct priority_group *pg;
1599 	struct pgpath *p;
1600 	int ret = 0;
1601 
1602 	list_for_each_entry(pg, &m->priority_groups, list) {
1603 		list_for_each_entry(p, &pg->pgpaths, list) {
1604 			ret = fn(ti, p->path.dev, ti->begin, ti->len, data);
1605 			if (ret)
1606 				goto out;
1607 		}
1608 	}
1609 
1610 out:
1611 	return ret;
1612 }
1613 
1614 static int __pgpath_busy(struct pgpath *pgpath)
1615 {
1616 	struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(pgpath->path.dev->bdev);
1617 
1618 	return blk_lld_busy(q);
1619 }
1620 
1621 /*
1622  * We return "busy", only when we can map I/Os but underlying devices
1623  * are busy (so even if we map I/Os now, the I/Os will wait on
1624  * the underlying queue).
1625  * In other words, if we want to kill I/Os or queue them inside us
1626  * due to map unavailability, we don't return "busy".  Otherwise,
1627  * dm core won't give us the I/Os and we can't do what we want.
1628  */
1629 static int multipath_busy(struct dm_target *ti)
1630 {
1631 	int busy = 0, has_active = 0;
1632 	struct multipath *m = ti->private;
1633 	struct priority_group *pg;
1634 	struct pgpath *pgpath;
1635 	unsigned long flags;
1636 
1637 	spin_lock_irqsave(&m->lock, flags);
1638 
1639 	/* pg_init in progress or no paths available */
1640 	if (m->pg_init_in_progress ||
1641 	    (!m->nr_valid_paths && m->queue_if_no_path)) {
1642 		busy = 1;
1643 		goto out;
1644 	}
1645 	/* Guess which priority_group will be used at next mapping time */
1646 	if (unlikely(!m->current_pgpath && m->next_pg))
1647 		pg = m->next_pg;
1648 	else if (likely(m->current_pg))
1649 		pg = m->current_pg;
1650 	else
1651 		/*
1652 		 * We don't know which pg will be used at next mapping time.
1653 		 * We don't call __choose_pgpath() here to avoid to trigger
1654 		 * pg_init just by busy checking.
1655 		 * So we don't know whether underlying devices we will be using
1656 		 * at next mapping time are busy or not. Just try mapping.
1657 		 */
1658 		goto out;
1659 
1660 	/*
1661 	 * If there is one non-busy active path at least, the path selector
1662 	 * will be able to select it. So we consider such a pg as not busy.
1663 	 */
1664 	busy = 1;
1665 	list_for_each_entry(pgpath, &pg->pgpaths, list)
1666 		if (pgpath->is_active) {
1667 			has_active = 1;
1668 
1669 			if (!__pgpath_busy(pgpath)) {
1670 				busy = 0;
1671 				break;
1672 			}
1673 		}
1674 
1675 	if (!has_active)
1676 		/*
1677 		 * No active path in this pg, so this pg won't be used and
1678 		 * the current_pg will be changed at next mapping time.
1679 		 * We need to try mapping to determine it.
1680 		 */
1681 		busy = 0;
1682 
1683 out:
1684 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&m->lock, flags);
1685 
1686 	return busy;
1687 }
1688 
1689 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------
1690  * Module setup
1691  *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
1692 static struct target_type multipath_target = {
1693 	.name = "multipath",
1694 	.version = {1, 11, 0},
1695 	.features = DM_TARGET_SINGLETON | DM_TARGET_IMMUTABLE,
1696 	.module = THIS_MODULE,
1697 	.ctr = multipath_ctr,
1698 	.dtr = multipath_dtr,
1699 	.map_rq = multipath_map,
1700 	.clone_and_map_rq = multipath_clone_and_map,
1701 	.release_clone_rq = multipath_release_clone,
1702 	.rq_end_io = multipath_end_io,
1703 	.presuspend = multipath_presuspend,
1704 	.postsuspend = multipath_postsuspend,
1705 	.resume = multipath_resume,
1706 	.status = multipath_status,
1707 	.message = multipath_message,
1708 	.prepare_ioctl = multipath_prepare_ioctl,
1709 	.iterate_devices = multipath_iterate_devices,
1710 	.busy = multipath_busy,
1711 };
1712 
1713 static int __init dm_multipath_init(void)
1714 {
1715 	int r;
1716 
1717 	/* allocate a slab for the dm_ios */
1718 	_mpio_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dm_mpath_io, 0);
1719 	if (!_mpio_cache)
1720 		return -ENOMEM;
1721 
1722 	r = dm_register_target(&multipath_target);
1723 	if (r < 0) {
1724 		DMERR("register failed %d", r);
1725 		r = -EINVAL;
1726 		goto bad_register_target;
1727 	}
1728 
1729 	kmultipathd = alloc_workqueue("kmpathd", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
1730 	if (!kmultipathd) {
1731 		DMERR("failed to create workqueue kmpathd");
1732 		r = -ENOMEM;
1733 		goto bad_alloc_kmultipathd;
1734 	}
1735 
1736 	/*
1737 	 * A separate workqueue is used to handle the device handlers
1738 	 * to avoid overloading existing workqueue. Overloading the
1739 	 * old workqueue would also create a bottleneck in the
1740 	 * path of the storage hardware device activation.
1741 	 */
1742 	kmpath_handlerd = alloc_ordered_workqueue("kmpath_handlerd",
1743 						  WQ_MEM_RECLAIM);
1744 	if (!kmpath_handlerd) {
1745 		DMERR("failed to create workqueue kmpath_handlerd");
1746 		r = -ENOMEM;
1747 		goto bad_alloc_kmpath_handlerd;
1748 	}
1749 
1750 	DMINFO("version %u.%u.%u loaded",
1751 	       multipath_target.version[0], multipath_target.version[1],
1752 	       multipath_target.version[2]);
1753 
1754 	return 0;
1755 
1756 bad_alloc_kmpath_handlerd:
1757 	destroy_workqueue(kmultipathd);
1758 bad_alloc_kmultipathd:
1759 	dm_unregister_target(&multipath_target);
1760 bad_register_target:
1761 	kmem_cache_destroy(_mpio_cache);
1762 
1763 	return r;
1764 }
1765 
1766 static void __exit dm_multipath_exit(void)
1767 {
1768 	destroy_workqueue(kmpath_handlerd);
1769 	destroy_workqueue(kmultipathd);
1770 
1771 	dm_unregister_target(&multipath_target);
1772 	kmem_cache_destroy(_mpio_cache);
1773 }
1774 
1775 module_init(dm_multipath_init);
1776 module_exit(dm_multipath_exit);
1777 
1778 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DM_NAME " multipath target");
1779 MODULE_AUTHOR("Sistina Software <dm-devel@redhat.com>");
1780 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1781