11da177e4SLinus Torvalds /*
21da177e4SLinus Torvalds * AGPGART driver backend routines.
31da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 2004 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
41da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 2002-2003 Dave Jones.
51da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 1999 Jeff Hartmann.
61da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 1999 Precision Insight, Inc.
71da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 1999 Xi Graphics, Inc.
81da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
91da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
101da177e4SLinus Torvalds * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
111da177e4SLinus Torvalds * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
121da177e4SLinus Torvalds * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
131da177e4SLinus Torvalds * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
141da177e4SLinus Torvalds * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
151da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
161da177e4SLinus Torvalds * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
171da177e4SLinus Torvalds * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
181da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
191da177e4SLinus Torvalds * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
201da177e4SLinus Torvalds * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
211da177e4SLinus Torvalds * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
221da177e4SLinus Torvalds * JEFF HARTMANN, DAVE JONES, OR ANY OTHER CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
231da177e4SLinus Torvalds * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
241da177e4SLinus Torvalds * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE
251da177e4SLinus Torvalds * OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
261da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
271da177e4SLinus Torvalds * TODO:
281da177e4SLinus Torvalds * - Allocate more than order 0 pages to avoid too much linear map splitting.
291da177e4SLinus Torvalds */
301da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/module.h>
311da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/pci.h>
321da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/init.h>
335a0e3ad6STejun Heo #include <linux/slab.h>
341da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/pagemap.h>
351da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
361da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/pm.h>
371da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/agp_backend.h>
381da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/agpgart.h>
391da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
401da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include <asm/io.h>
411da177e4SLinus Torvalds #include "agp.h"
421da177e4SLinus Torvalds
431da177e4SLinus Torvalds /* Due to XFree86 brain-damage, we can't go to 1.0 until they
441da177e4SLinus Torvalds * fix some real stupidity. It's only by chance we can bump
451da177e4SLinus Torvalds * past 0.99 at all due to some boolean logic error. */
461da177e4SLinus Torvalds #define AGPGART_VERSION_MAJOR 0
47a13af4b4SDave Airlie #define AGPGART_VERSION_MINOR 103
48e7745d4eSDave Jones static const struct agp_version agp_current_version =
491da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
501da177e4SLinus Torvalds .major = AGPGART_VERSION_MAJOR,
511da177e4SLinus Torvalds .minor = AGPGART_VERSION_MINOR,
521da177e4SLinus Torvalds };
531da177e4SLinus Torvalds
541da177e4SLinus Torvalds struct agp_bridge_data *(*agp_find_bridge)(struct pci_dev *) =
551da177e4SLinus Torvalds &agp_generic_find_bridge;
561da177e4SLinus Torvalds
571da177e4SLinus Torvalds struct agp_bridge_data *agp_bridge;
581da177e4SLinus Torvalds LIST_HEAD(agp_bridges);
591da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_bridge);
601da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_bridges);
611da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_find_bridge);
621da177e4SLinus Torvalds
631da177e4SLinus Torvalds /**
641da177e4SLinus Torvalds * agp_backend_acquire - attempt to acquire an agp backend.
65*ffe9d02eSThomas Zimmermann * @pdev: the PCI device
661da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
671da177e4SLinus Torvalds */
agp_backend_acquire(struct pci_dev * pdev)681da177e4SLinus Torvalds struct agp_bridge_data *agp_backend_acquire(struct pci_dev *pdev)
691da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
701da177e4SLinus Torvalds struct agp_bridge_data *bridge;
711da177e4SLinus Torvalds
721da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge = agp_find_bridge(pdev);
731da177e4SLinus Torvalds
741da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!bridge)
751da177e4SLinus Torvalds return NULL;
761da177e4SLinus Torvalds
771da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (atomic_read(&bridge->agp_in_use))
781da177e4SLinus Torvalds return NULL;
791da177e4SLinus Torvalds atomic_inc(&bridge->agp_in_use);
801da177e4SLinus Torvalds return bridge;
811da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
821da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_backend_acquire);
831da177e4SLinus Torvalds
841da177e4SLinus Torvalds
851da177e4SLinus Torvalds /**
861da177e4SLinus Torvalds * agp_backend_release - release the lock on the agp backend.
87*ffe9d02eSThomas Zimmermann * @bridge: the AGP backend to release
881da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
891da177e4SLinus Torvalds * The caller must insure that the graphics aperture translation table
901da177e4SLinus Torvalds * is read for use by another entity.
911da177e4SLinus Torvalds *
921da177e4SLinus Torvalds * (Ensure that all memory it bound is unbound.)
931da177e4SLinus Torvalds */
agp_backend_release(struct agp_bridge_data * bridge)941da177e4SLinus Torvalds void agp_backend_release(struct agp_bridge_data *bridge)
951da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
961da177e4SLinus Torvalds
971da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge)
981da177e4SLinus Torvalds atomic_dec(&bridge->agp_in_use);
991da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1001da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_backend_release);
1011da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1021da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1035e9ad06aSDave Jones static const struct { int mem, agp; } maxes_table[] = {
1041da177e4SLinus Torvalds {0, 0},
1051da177e4SLinus Torvalds {32, 4},
1061da177e4SLinus Torvalds {64, 28},
1071da177e4SLinus Torvalds {128, 96},
1081da177e4SLinus Torvalds {256, 204},
1091da177e4SLinus Torvalds {512, 440},
1101da177e4SLinus Torvalds {1024, 942},
1111da177e4SLinus Torvalds {2048, 1920},
1121da177e4SLinus Torvalds {4096, 3932}
1131da177e4SLinus Torvalds };
1141da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_find_max(void)1151da177e4SLinus Torvalds static int agp_find_max(void)
1161da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
1171da177e4SLinus Torvalds long memory, index, result;
1181da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1191da177e4SLinus Torvalds #if PAGE_SHIFT < 20
120ca79b0c2SArun KS memory = totalram_pages() >> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT);
1211da177e4SLinus Torvalds #else
122ca79b0c2SArun KS memory = totalram_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT - 20);
1231da177e4SLinus Torvalds #endif
1241da177e4SLinus Torvalds index = 1;
1251da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1261da177e4SLinus Torvalds while ((memory > maxes_table[index].mem) && (index < 8))
1271da177e4SLinus Torvalds index++;
1281da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1291da177e4SLinus Torvalds result = maxes_table[index - 1].agp +
1301da177e4SLinus Torvalds ( (memory - maxes_table[index - 1].mem) *
1311da177e4SLinus Torvalds (maxes_table[index].agp - maxes_table[index - 1].agp)) /
1321da177e4SLinus Torvalds (maxes_table[index].mem - maxes_table[index - 1].mem);
1331da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1341da177e4SLinus Torvalds result = result << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT);
1351da177e4SLinus Torvalds return result;
1361da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1371da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1381da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_backend_initialize(struct agp_bridge_data * bridge)1391da177e4SLinus Torvalds static int agp_backend_initialize(struct agp_bridge_data *bridge)
1401da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
1411da177e4SLinus Torvalds int size_value, rc, got_gatt=0, got_keylist=0;
1421da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1431da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->max_memory_agp = agp_find_max();
1441da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->version = &agp_current_version;
1451da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1461da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->driver->needs_scratch_page) {
14707613ba2SDave Airlie struct page *page = bridge->driver->agp_alloc_page(bridge);
1481da177e4SLinus Torvalds
14907613ba2SDave Airlie if (!page) {
150e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_err(&bridge->dev->dev,
151e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas "can't get memory for scratch page\n");
1521da177e4SLinus Torvalds return -ENOMEM;
1531da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1541da177e4SLinus Torvalds
155c2980d8cSDavid Woodhouse bridge->scratch_page_page = page;
1566a12235cSDavid Woodhouse bridge->scratch_page_dma = page_to_phys(page);
15756ec4c1eSDavid Woodhouse
15856ec4c1eSDavid Woodhouse bridge->scratch_page = bridge->driver->mask_memory(bridge,
15956ec4c1eSDavid Woodhouse bridge->scratch_page_dma, 0);
1601da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1611da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1621da177e4SLinus Torvalds size_value = bridge->driver->fetch_size();
1631da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (size_value == 0) {
164e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_err(&bridge->dev->dev, "can't determine aperture size\n");
1651da177e4SLinus Torvalds rc = -EINVAL;
1661da177e4SLinus Torvalds goto err_out;
1671da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1681da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->driver->create_gatt_table(bridge)) {
169e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_err(&bridge->dev->dev,
170e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas "can't get memory for graphics translation table\n");
1711da177e4SLinus Torvalds rc = -ENOMEM;
1721da177e4SLinus Torvalds goto err_out;
1731da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1741da177e4SLinus Torvalds got_gatt = 1;
1751da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1768e03bd65SJoe Perches bridge->key_list = vzalloc(PAGE_SIZE * 4);
1771da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->key_list == NULL) {
178e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_err(&bridge->dev->dev,
179e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas "can't allocate memory for key lists\n");
1801da177e4SLinus Torvalds rc = -ENOMEM;
1811da177e4SLinus Torvalds goto err_out;
1821da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
1831da177e4SLinus Torvalds got_keylist = 1;
1841da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1851da177e4SLinus Torvalds /* FIXME vmalloc'd memory not guaranteed contiguous */
1861da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1871da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->driver->configure()) {
188e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_err(&bridge->dev->dev, "error configuring host chipset\n");
1891da177e4SLinus Torvalds rc = -EINVAL;
1901da177e4SLinus Torvalds goto err_out;
1911da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
192a8c84df9SKeith Packard INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bridge->mapped_list);
193a8c84df9SKeith Packard spin_lock_init(&bridge->mapped_lock);
1941da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1951da177e4SLinus Torvalds return 0;
1961da177e4SLinus Torvalds
1971da177e4SLinus Torvalds err_out:
19888d51967SAlan Hourihane if (bridge->driver->needs_scratch_page) {
199590dfe2fSMichal Kubecek struct page *page = bridge->scratch_page_page;
200da503fa6SJan Beulich
201590dfe2fSMichal Kubecek bridge->driver->agp_destroy_page(page, AGP_PAGE_DESTROY_UNMAP);
202590dfe2fSMichal Kubecek bridge->driver->agp_destroy_page(page, AGP_PAGE_DESTROY_FREE);
20388d51967SAlan Hourihane }
2041da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (got_gatt)
2051da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->driver->free_gatt_table(bridge);
2061da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (got_keylist) {
2071da177e4SLinus Torvalds vfree(bridge->key_list);
2081da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->key_list = NULL;
2091da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2101da177e4SLinus Torvalds return rc;
2111da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2121da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2131da177e4SLinus Torvalds /* cannot be __exit b/c as it could be called from __init code */
agp_backend_cleanup(struct agp_bridge_data * bridge)2141da177e4SLinus Torvalds static void agp_backend_cleanup(struct agp_bridge_data *bridge)
2151da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
2161da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->driver->cleanup)
2171da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->driver->cleanup();
2181da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->driver->free_gatt_table)
2191da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->driver->free_gatt_table(bridge);
220f9101210SJesper Juhl
2211da177e4SLinus Torvalds vfree(bridge->key_list);
2221da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->key_list = NULL;
2231da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2241da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (bridge->driver->agp_destroy_page &&
22588d51967SAlan Hourihane bridge->driver->needs_scratch_page) {
226590dfe2fSMichal Kubecek struct page *page = bridge->scratch_page_page;
227da503fa6SJan Beulich
228590dfe2fSMichal Kubecek bridge->driver->agp_destroy_page(page, AGP_PAGE_DESTROY_UNMAP);
229590dfe2fSMichal Kubecek bridge->driver->agp_destroy_page(page, AGP_PAGE_DESTROY_FREE);
23088d51967SAlan Hourihane }
2311da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2321da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2331da177e4SLinus Torvalds /* When we remove the global variable agp_bridge from all drivers
2341da177e4SLinus Torvalds * then agp_alloc_bridge and agp_generic_find_bridge need to be updated
2351da177e4SLinus Torvalds */
2361da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_alloc_bridge(void)2371da177e4SLinus Torvalds struct agp_bridge_data *agp_alloc_bridge(void)
2381da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
2390ea27d9fSDave Jones struct agp_bridge_data *bridge;
2401da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2410ea27d9fSDave Jones bridge = kzalloc(sizeof(*bridge), GFP_KERNEL);
2421da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!bridge)
2431da177e4SLinus Torvalds return NULL;
2441da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2451da177e4SLinus Torvalds atomic_set(&bridge->agp_in_use, 0);
2461da177e4SLinus Torvalds atomic_set(&bridge->current_memory_agp, 0);
2471da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2481da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (list_empty(&agp_bridges))
2491da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_bridge = bridge;
2501da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2511da177e4SLinus Torvalds return bridge;
2521da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2531da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_alloc_bridge);
2541da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2551da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_put_bridge(struct agp_bridge_data * bridge)2561da177e4SLinus Torvalds void agp_put_bridge(struct agp_bridge_data *bridge)
2571da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
2581da177e4SLinus Torvalds kfree(bridge);
2591da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2601da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (list_empty(&agp_bridges))
2611da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_bridge = NULL;
2621da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2631da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_put_bridge);
2641da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2651da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_add_bridge(struct agp_bridge_data * bridge)2661da177e4SLinus Torvalds int agp_add_bridge(struct agp_bridge_data *bridge)
2671da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
2681da177e4SLinus Torvalds int error;
2691da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2703f50b022SKevin Winchester if (agp_off) {
2713f50b022SKevin Winchester error = -ENODEV;
2723f50b022SKevin Winchester goto err_put_bridge;
2733f50b022SKevin Winchester }
2741da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2751da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!bridge->dev) {
2761da177e4SLinus Torvalds printk (KERN_DEBUG PFX "Erk, registering with no pci_dev!\n");
2773f50b022SKevin Winchester error = -EINVAL;
2783f50b022SKevin Winchester goto err_put_bridge;
2791da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2801da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2811da177e4SLinus Torvalds /* Grab reference on the chipset driver. */
2821da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!try_module_get(bridge->driver->owner)) {
283e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_info(&bridge->dev->dev, "can't lock chipset driver\n");
2843f50b022SKevin Winchester error = -EINVAL;
2853f50b022SKevin Winchester goto err_put_bridge;
2861da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2871da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2881da177e4SLinus Torvalds error = agp_backend_initialize(bridge);
2891da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (error) {
290e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_info(&bridge->dev->dev,
291e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas "agp_backend_initialize() failed\n");
2921da177e4SLinus Torvalds goto err_out;
2931da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
2941da177e4SLinus Torvalds
2951da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (list_empty(&agp_bridges)) {
2961da177e4SLinus Torvalds error = agp_frontend_initialize();
2971da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (error) {
298e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_info(&bridge->dev->dev,
299e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas "agp_frontend_initialize() failed\n");
3001da177e4SLinus Torvalds goto frontend_err;
3011da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3021da177e4SLinus Torvalds
303e3cf6951SBjorn Helgaas dev_info(&bridge->dev->dev, "AGP aperture is %dM @ 0x%lx\n",
3041da177e4SLinus Torvalds bridge->driver->fetch_size(), bridge->gart_bus_addr);
3051da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3061da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3071da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3081da177e4SLinus Torvalds list_add(&bridge->list, &agp_bridges);
3091da177e4SLinus Torvalds return 0;
3101da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3111da177e4SLinus Torvalds frontend_err:
3121da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_backend_cleanup(bridge);
3131da177e4SLinus Torvalds err_out:
3141da177e4SLinus Torvalds module_put(bridge->driver->owner);
3153f50b022SKevin Winchester err_put_bridge:
3161da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_put_bridge(bridge);
3171da177e4SLinus Torvalds return error;
3181da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3191da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(agp_add_bridge);
3201da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3211da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_remove_bridge(struct agp_bridge_data * bridge)3221da177e4SLinus Torvalds void agp_remove_bridge(struct agp_bridge_data *bridge)
3231da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
3241da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_backend_cleanup(bridge);
3251da177e4SLinus Torvalds list_del(&bridge->list);
3261da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (list_empty(&agp_bridges))
3271da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_frontend_cleanup();
3281da177e4SLinus Torvalds module_put(bridge->driver->owner);
3291da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3301da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(agp_remove_bridge);
3311da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3321da177e4SLinus Torvalds int agp_off;
3331da177e4SLinus Torvalds int agp_try_unsupported_boot;
3341da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_off);
3351da177e4SLinus Torvalds EXPORT_SYMBOL(agp_try_unsupported_boot);
3361da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_init(void)3371da177e4SLinus Torvalds static int __init agp_init(void)
3381da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
3391da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!agp_off)
34070e8992eSDave Jones printk(KERN_INFO "Linux agpgart interface v%d.%d\n",
3411da177e4SLinus Torvalds AGPGART_VERSION_MAJOR, AGPGART_VERSION_MINOR);
3421da177e4SLinus Torvalds return 0;
3431da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3441da177e4SLinus Torvalds
agp_exit(void)345408b664aSAdrian Bunk static void __exit agp_exit(void)
3461da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
3471da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3481da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3491da177e4SLinus Torvalds #ifndef MODULE
agp_setup(char * s)3501da177e4SLinus Torvalds static __init int agp_setup(char *s)
3511da177e4SLinus Torvalds {
3521da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!strcmp(s,"off"))
3531da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_off = 1;
3541da177e4SLinus Torvalds if (!strcmp(s,"try_unsupported"))
3551da177e4SLinus Torvalds agp_try_unsupported_boot = 1;
3561da177e4SLinus Torvalds return 1;
3571da177e4SLinus Torvalds }
3581da177e4SLinus Torvalds __setup("agp=", agp_setup);
3591da177e4SLinus Torvalds #endif
3601da177e4SLinus Torvalds
361bd8136d3SDave Jones MODULE_AUTHOR("Dave Jones, Jeff Hartmann");
3621da177e4SLinus Torvalds MODULE_DESCRIPTION("AGP GART driver");
3631da177e4SLinus Torvalds MODULE_LICENSE("GPL and additional rights");
3641da177e4SLinus Torvalds MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(AGPGART_MINOR);
3651da177e4SLinus Torvalds
3661da177e4SLinus Torvalds module_init(agp_init);
3671da177e4SLinus Torvalds module_exit(agp_exit);
3681da177e4SLinus Torvalds
369