xref: /openbmc/linux/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst (revision c900529f3d9161bfde5cca0754f83b4d3c3e0220)
176f1fc26SHu Haowen.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
276f1fc26SHu Haowen
376f1fc26SHu Haowen.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_TW.rst
476f1fc26SHu Haowen
576f1fc26SHu Haowen:Original: Documentation/admin-guide/unicode.rst
676f1fc26SHu Haowen
776f1fc26SHu Haowen:譯者:
876f1fc26SHu Haowen
976f1fc26SHu Haowen 吳想成 Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
10*44a54e25SHu Haowen 胡皓文 Hu Haowen <src.res.211@gmail.com>
1176f1fc26SHu Haowen
1276f1fc26SHu HaowenUnicode(統一碼)支持
1376f1fc26SHu Haowen======================
1476f1fc26SHu Haowen
1576f1fc26SHu Haowen	(英文版)上次更新:2005-01-17,版本號 1.4
1676f1fc26SHu Haowen
1776f1fc26SHu Haowen此文檔由H. Peter Anvin <unicode@lanana.org>管理,是Linux註冊名稱與編號管理局
1876f1fc26SHu Haowen(Linux Assigned Names And Numbers Authority,LANANA)項目的一部分。
1976f1fc26SHu Haowen現行版本請見:
2076f1fc26SHu Haowen
2176f1fc26SHu Haowen	http://www.lanana.org/docs/unicode/admin-guide/unicode.rst
2276f1fc26SHu Haowen
2376f1fc26SHu Haowen簡介
2476f1fc26SHu Haowen-----
2576f1fc26SHu Haowen
2676f1fc26SHu HaowenLinux內核代碼已被重寫以使用Unicode來將字符映射到字體。下載一個Unicode到字體
2776f1fc26SHu Haowen(Unicode-to-font)表,八位字符集與UTF-8模式都將改用此字體來顯示。
2876f1fc26SHu Haowen
2976f1fc26SHu Haowen這微妙地改變了八位字符表的語義。現在的四個字符表是:
3076f1fc26SHu Haowen
3176f1fc26SHu Haowen=============== =============================== ================
3276f1fc26SHu Haowen映射代號        映射名稱                        Escape代碼 (G0)
3376f1fc26SHu Haowen=============== =============================== ================
3476f1fc26SHu HaowenLAT1_MAP        Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1)            ESC ( B
3576f1fc26SHu HaowenGRAF_MAP        DEC VT100 pseudographics        ESC ( 0
3676f1fc26SHu HaowenIBMPC_MAP       IBM code page 437               ESC ( U
3776f1fc26SHu HaowenUSER_MAP        User defined                    ESC ( K
3876f1fc26SHu Haowen=============== =============================== ================
3976f1fc26SHu Haowen
4076f1fc26SHu Haowen特別是 ESC ( U 不再是「直通字體」,因爲字體可能與IBM字符集完全不同。
4176f1fc26SHu Haowen例如,即使加載了一個Latin-1字體,也允許使用塊圖形(block graphics)。
4276f1fc26SHu Haowen
4376f1fc26SHu Haowen請注意,儘管這些代碼與ISO 2022類似,但這些代碼及其用途都與ISO 2022不匹配;
4476f1fc26SHu HaowenLinux有兩個八位代碼(G0和G1),而ISO 2022有四個七位代碼(G0-G3)。
4576f1fc26SHu Haowen
4676f1fc26SHu Haowen根據Unicode標準/ISO 10646,U+F000到U+F8FF被保留用於作業系統範圍內的分配
4776f1fc26SHu Haowen(Unicode標準將其稱爲「團體區域(Corporate Zone)」,因爲這對於Linux是不準確
4876f1fc26SHu Haowen的,所以我們稱之爲「Linux區域」)。選擇U+F000作爲起點,因爲它允許直接映射
4976f1fc26SHu Haowen區域以2的大倍數開始(以防需要1024或2048個字符的字體)。這就留下U+E000到
5076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+EFFF作爲最終用戶區。
5176f1fc26SHu Haowen
5276f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.2]:Unicodes範圍從U+F000到U+F7FF已經被硬編碼爲直接映射到加載的字體,
5376f1fc26SHu Haowen繞過了翻譯表。用戶定義的映射現在默認爲U+F000到U+F0FF,模擬前述行爲。實際上,
5476f1fc26SHu Haowen此範圍可能較短;例如,vgacon只能處理256字符(U+F000..U+F0FF)或512字符
5576f1fc26SHu Haowen(U+F000..U+F1FF)字體。
5676f1fc26SHu Haowen
5776f1fc26SHu HaowenLinux 區域中定義的實際字符
5876f1fc26SHu Haowen---------------------------
5976f1fc26SHu Haowen
6076f1fc26SHu Haowen此外,還定義了Unicode 1.1.4中不存在的以下字符;這些字符由DEC VT圖形映射使用。
6176f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.2]此用法已過時,不應再使用;請參見下文。
6276f1fc26SHu Haowen
6376f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ======================================
6476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F800 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 1
6576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F801 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 3
6676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F803 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 7
6776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F804 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 9
6876f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ======================================
6976f1fc26SHu Haowen
7076f1fc26SHu HaowenDEC VT220使用6x10字符矩陣,這些字符在DEC VT圖形字符集中形成一個平滑的過渡。
7176f1fc26SHu Haowen我省略了掃描5行,因爲它也被用作塊圖形字符,因此被編碼爲U+2500 FORMS LIGHT
7276f1fc26SHu HaowenHORIZONTAL。
7376f1fc26SHu Haowen
7476f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.3]:這些字符已正式添加到Unicode 3.2.0中;它們在U+23BA、U+23BB、U+23BC、
7576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+23BD處添加。Linux現在使用新值。
7676f1fc26SHu Haowen
7776f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.2]:添加了以下字符來表示常見的鍵盤符號,這些符號不太可能被添加到Unicode
7876f1fc26SHu Haowen中,因爲它們非常討厭地取決於特定供應商。當然,這是糟糕設計的一個好例子。
7976f1fc26SHu Haowen
8076f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ======================================
8176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F810 KEYBOARD SYMBOL FLYING FLAG
8276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F811 KEYBOARD SYMBOL PULLDOWN MENU
8376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F812 KEYBOARD SYMBOL OPEN APPLE
8476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F813 KEYBOARD SYMBOL SOLID APPLE
8576f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ======================================
8676f1fc26SHu Haowen
8776f1fc26SHu Haowen克林貢(Klingon)語支持
8876f1fc26SHu Haowen------------------------
8976f1fc26SHu Haowen
9076f1fc26SHu Haowen1996年,Linux是世界上第一個添加對人工語言克林貢支持的作業系統,克林貢是由
9176f1fc26SHu HaowenMarc Okrand爲《星際迷航》電視連續劇創造的。這種編碼後來被徵募Unicode註冊表
9276f1fc26SHu Haowen(ConScript Unicode Registry,CSUR)採用,並建議(但最終被拒絕)納入Unicode
9376f1fc26SHu Haowen平面一。不過,它仍然是Linux區域中的Linux/CSUR私有分配。
9476f1fc26SHu Haowen
9576f1fc26SHu Haowen這種編碼已經得到克林貢語言研究所(Klingon Language Institute)的認可。
9676f1fc26SHu Haowen有關更多信息,請聯繫他們:
9776f1fc26SHu Haowen
9876f1fc26SHu Haowen	http://www.kli.org/
9976f1fc26SHu Haowen
10076f1fc26SHu Haowen由於Linux CZ開頭部分的字符大多是dingbats/symbols/forms類型,而且這是一種
10176f1fc26SHu Haowen語言,因此根據標準Unicode慣例,我將它放置在16單元的邊界上。
10276f1fc26SHu Haowen
10376f1fc26SHu Haowen.. note::
10476f1fc26SHu Haowen
10576f1fc26SHu Haowen  這個範圍現在由徵募Unicode註冊表正式管理。規範性引用文件爲:
10676f1fc26SHu Haowen
10776f1fc26SHu Haowen	https://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/klingon.html
10876f1fc26SHu Haowen
10976f1fc26SHu Haowen克林貢語有一個26個字符的字母表,一個10位數的位置數字書寫系統,從左到右
11076f1fc26SHu Haowen,從上到下書寫。
11176f1fc26SHu Haowen
11276f1fc26SHu Haowen克林貢字母的幾種字形已經被提出。但是由於這組符號看起來始終是一致的,只有實際
11376f1fc26SHu Haowen的形狀不同,因此按照標準Unicode慣例,這些差異被認爲是字體變體。
11476f1fc26SHu Haowen
11576f1fc26SHu Haowen======	=======================================================
11676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D0	KLINGON LETTER A
11776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D1	KLINGON LETTER B
11876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D2	KLINGON LETTER CH
11976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D3	KLINGON LETTER D
12076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D4	KLINGON LETTER E
12176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D5	KLINGON LETTER GH
12276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D6	KLINGON LETTER H
12376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D7	KLINGON LETTER I
12476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D8	KLINGON LETTER J
12576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D9	KLINGON LETTER L
12676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DA	KLINGON LETTER M
12776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DB	KLINGON LETTER N
12876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DC	KLINGON LETTER NG
12976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DD	KLINGON LETTER O
13076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DE	KLINGON LETTER P
13176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DF	KLINGON LETTER Q
13276f1fc26SHu Haowen	- Written <q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration
13376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E0	KLINGON LETTER QH
13476f1fc26SHu Haowen	- Written <Q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration
13576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E1	KLINGON LETTER R
13676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E2	KLINGON LETTER S
13776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E3	KLINGON LETTER T
13876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E4	KLINGON LETTER TLH
13976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E5	KLINGON LETTER U
14076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E6	KLINGON LETTER V
14176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E7	KLINGON LETTER W
14276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E8	KLINGON LETTER Y
14376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E9	KLINGON LETTER GLOTTAL STOP
14476f1fc26SHu Haowen
14576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F0	KLINGON DIGIT ZERO
14676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F1	KLINGON DIGIT ONE
14776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F2	KLINGON DIGIT TWO
14876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F3	KLINGON DIGIT THREE
14976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F4	KLINGON DIGIT FOUR
15076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F5	KLINGON DIGIT FIVE
15176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F6	KLINGON DIGIT SIX
15276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F7	KLINGON DIGIT SEVEN
15376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F8	KLINGON DIGIT EIGHT
15476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F9	KLINGON DIGIT NINE
15576f1fc26SHu Haowen
15676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8FD	KLINGON COMMA
15776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8FE	KLINGON FULL STOP
15876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8FF	KLINGON SYMBOL FOR EMPIRE
15976f1fc26SHu Haowen======	=======================================================
16076f1fc26SHu Haowen
16176f1fc26SHu Haowen其他虛構和人工字母
16276f1fc26SHu Haowen-------------------
16376f1fc26SHu Haowen
16476f1fc26SHu Haowen自從分配了克林貢Linux Unicode塊之後,John Cowan <jcowan@reutershealth.com>
16576f1fc26SHu Haowen和 Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com> 建立了一個虛構和人工字母的註冊表。
16676f1fc26SHu Haowen徵募Unicode註冊表請訪問:
16776f1fc26SHu Haowen
16876f1fc26SHu Haowen	https://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/
16976f1fc26SHu Haowen
17076f1fc26SHu Haowen所使用的範圍位於最終用戶區域的低端,因此無法進行規範化分配,但建議希望對虛構
17176f1fc26SHu Haowen字母進行編碼的人員使用這些代碼,以實現互操作性。對於克林貢語,CSUR採用了Linux
17276f1fc26SHu Haowen編碼。CSUR的人正在推動將Tengwar和Cirth添加到Unicode平面一;將克林貢添加到
17376f1fc26SHu HaowenUnicode平面一被拒絕,因此上述編碼仍然是官方的。
17476f1fc26SHu Haowen
175