176f1fc26SHu Haowen.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 276f1fc26SHu Haowen 376f1fc26SHu Haowen.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_TW.rst 476f1fc26SHu Haowen 576f1fc26SHu Haowen:Original: Documentation/admin-guide/unicode.rst 676f1fc26SHu Haowen 776f1fc26SHu Haowen:譯者: 876f1fc26SHu Haowen 976f1fc26SHu Haowen 吳想成 Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn> 10*44a54e25SHu Haowen 胡皓文 Hu Haowen <src.res.211@gmail.com> 1176f1fc26SHu Haowen 1276f1fc26SHu HaowenUnicode(統一碼)支持 1376f1fc26SHu Haowen====================== 1476f1fc26SHu Haowen 1576f1fc26SHu Haowen (英文版)上次更新:2005-01-17,版本號 1.4 1676f1fc26SHu Haowen 1776f1fc26SHu Haowen此文檔由H. Peter Anvin <unicode@lanana.org>管理,是Linux註冊名稱與編號管理局 1876f1fc26SHu Haowen(Linux Assigned Names And Numbers Authority,LANANA)項目的一部分。 1976f1fc26SHu Haowen現行版本請見: 2076f1fc26SHu Haowen 2176f1fc26SHu Haowen http://www.lanana.org/docs/unicode/admin-guide/unicode.rst 2276f1fc26SHu Haowen 2376f1fc26SHu Haowen簡介 2476f1fc26SHu Haowen----- 2576f1fc26SHu Haowen 2676f1fc26SHu HaowenLinux內核代碼已被重寫以使用Unicode來將字符映射到字體。下載一個Unicode到字體 2776f1fc26SHu Haowen(Unicode-to-font)表,八位字符集與UTF-8模式都將改用此字體來顯示。 2876f1fc26SHu Haowen 2976f1fc26SHu Haowen這微妙地改變了八位字符表的語義。現在的四個字符表是: 3076f1fc26SHu Haowen 3176f1fc26SHu Haowen=============== =============================== ================ 3276f1fc26SHu Haowen映射代號 映射名稱 Escape代碼 (G0) 3376f1fc26SHu Haowen=============== =============================== ================ 3476f1fc26SHu HaowenLAT1_MAP Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1) ESC ( B 3576f1fc26SHu HaowenGRAF_MAP DEC VT100 pseudographics ESC ( 0 3676f1fc26SHu HaowenIBMPC_MAP IBM code page 437 ESC ( U 3776f1fc26SHu HaowenUSER_MAP User defined ESC ( K 3876f1fc26SHu Haowen=============== =============================== ================ 3976f1fc26SHu Haowen 4076f1fc26SHu Haowen特別是 ESC ( U 不再是「直通字體」,因爲字體可能與IBM字符集完全不同。 4176f1fc26SHu Haowen例如,即使加載了一個Latin-1字體,也允許使用塊圖形(block graphics)。 4276f1fc26SHu Haowen 4376f1fc26SHu Haowen請注意,儘管這些代碼與ISO 2022類似,但這些代碼及其用途都與ISO 2022不匹配; 4476f1fc26SHu HaowenLinux有兩個八位代碼(G0和G1),而ISO 2022有四個七位代碼(G0-G3)。 4576f1fc26SHu Haowen 4676f1fc26SHu Haowen根據Unicode標準/ISO 10646,U+F000到U+F8FF被保留用於作業系統範圍內的分配 4776f1fc26SHu Haowen(Unicode標準將其稱爲「團體區域(Corporate Zone)」,因爲這對於Linux是不準確 4876f1fc26SHu Haowen的,所以我們稱之爲「Linux區域」)。選擇U+F000作爲起點,因爲它允許直接映射 4976f1fc26SHu Haowen區域以2的大倍數開始(以防需要1024或2048個字符的字體)。這就留下U+E000到 5076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+EFFF作爲最終用戶區。 5176f1fc26SHu Haowen 5276f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.2]:Unicodes範圍從U+F000到U+F7FF已經被硬編碼爲直接映射到加載的字體, 5376f1fc26SHu Haowen繞過了翻譯表。用戶定義的映射現在默認爲U+F000到U+F0FF,模擬前述行爲。實際上, 5476f1fc26SHu Haowen此範圍可能較短;例如,vgacon只能處理256字符(U+F000..U+F0FF)或512字符 5576f1fc26SHu Haowen(U+F000..U+F1FF)字體。 5676f1fc26SHu Haowen 5776f1fc26SHu HaowenLinux 區域中定義的實際字符 5876f1fc26SHu Haowen--------------------------- 5976f1fc26SHu Haowen 6076f1fc26SHu Haowen此外,還定義了Unicode 1.1.4中不存在的以下字符;這些字符由DEC VT圖形映射使用。 6176f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.2]此用法已過時,不應再使用;請參見下文。 6276f1fc26SHu Haowen 6376f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ====================================== 6476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F800 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 1 6576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F801 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 3 6676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F803 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 7 6776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F804 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 9 6876f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ====================================== 6976f1fc26SHu Haowen 7076f1fc26SHu HaowenDEC VT220使用6x10字符矩陣,這些字符在DEC VT圖形字符集中形成一個平滑的過渡。 7176f1fc26SHu Haowen我省略了掃描5行,因爲它也被用作塊圖形字符,因此被編碼爲U+2500 FORMS LIGHT 7276f1fc26SHu HaowenHORIZONTAL。 7376f1fc26SHu Haowen 7476f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.3]:這些字符已正式添加到Unicode 3.2.0中;它們在U+23BA、U+23BB、U+23BC、 7576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+23BD處添加。Linux現在使用新值。 7676f1fc26SHu Haowen 7776f1fc26SHu Haowen[v1.2]:添加了以下字符來表示常見的鍵盤符號,這些符號不太可能被添加到Unicode 7876f1fc26SHu Haowen中,因爲它們非常討厭地取決於特定供應商。當然,這是糟糕設計的一個好例子。 7976f1fc26SHu Haowen 8076f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ====================================== 8176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F810 KEYBOARD SYMBOL FLYING FLAG 8276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F811 KEYBOARD SYMBOL PULLDOWN MENU 8376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F812 KEYBOARD SYMBOL OPEN APPLE 8476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F813 KEYBOARD SYMBOL SOLID APPLE 8576f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ====================================== 8676f1fc26SHu Haowen 8776f1fc26SHu Haowen克林貢(Klingon)語支持 8876f1fc26SHu Haowen------------------------ 8976f1fc26SHu Haowen 9076f1fc26SHu Haowen1996年,Linux是世界上第一個添加對人工語言克林貢支持的作業系統,克林貢是由 9176f1fc26SHu HaowenMarc Okrand爲《星際迷航》電視連續劇創造的。這種編碼後來被徵募Unicode註冊表 9276f1fc26SHu Haowen(ConScript Unicode Registry,CSUR)採用,並建議(但最終被拒絕)納入Unicode 9376f1fc26SHu Haowen平面一。不過,它仍然是Linux區域中的Linux/CSUR私有分配。 9476f1fc26SHu Haowen 9576f1fc26SHu Haowen這種編碼已經得到克林貢語言研究所(Klingon Language Institute)的認可。 9676f1fc26SHu Haowen有關更多信息,請聯繫他們: 9776f1fc26SHu Haowen 9876f1fc26SHu Haowen http://www.kli.org/ 9976f1fc26SHu Haowen 10076f1fc26SHu Haowen由於Linux CZ開頭部分的字符大多是dingbats/symbols/forms類型,而且這是一種 10176f1fc26SHu Haowen語言,因此根據標準Unicode慣例,我將它放置在16單元的邊界上。 10276f1fc26SHu Haowen 10376f1fc26SHu Haowen.. note:: 10476f1fc26SHu Haowen 10576f1fc26SHu Haowen 這個範圍現在由徵募Unicode註冊表正式管理。規範性引用文件爲: 10676f1fc26SHu Haowen 10776f1fc26SHu Haowen https://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/klingon.html 10876f1fc26SHu Haowen 10976f1fc26SHu Haowen克林貢語有一個26個字符的字母表,一個10位數的位置數字書寫系統,從左到右 11076f1fc26SHu Haowen,從上到下書寫。 11176f1fc26SHu Haowen 11276f1fc26SHu Haowen克林貢字母的幾種字形已經被提出。但是由於這組符號看起來始終是一致的,只有實際 11376f1fc26SHu Haowen的形狀不同,因此按照標準Unicode慣例,這些差異被認爲是字體變體。 11476f1fc26SHu Haowen 11576f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ======================================================= 11676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D0 KLINGON LETTER A 11776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D1 KLINGON LETTER B 11876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D2 KLINGON LETTER CH 11976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D3 KLINGON LETTER D 12076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D4 KLINGON LETTER E 12176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D5 KLINGON LETTER GH 12276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D6 KLINGON LETTER H 12376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D7 KLINGON LETTER I 12476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D8 KLINGON LETTER J 12576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8D9 KLINGON LETTER L 12676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DA KLINGON LETTER M 12776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DB KLINGON LETTER N 12876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DC KLINGON LETTER NG 12976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DD KLINGON LETTER O 13076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DE KLINGON LETTER P 13176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8DF KLINGON LETTER Q 13276f1fc26SHu Haowen - Written <q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration 13376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E0 KLINGON LETTER QH 13476f1fc26SHu Haowen - Written <Q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration 13576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E1 KLINGON LETTER R 13676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E2 KLINGON LETTER S 13776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E3 KLINGON LETTER T 13876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E4 KLINGON LETTER TLH 13976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E5 KLINGON LETTER U 14076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E6 KLINGON LETTER V 14176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E7 KLINGON LETTER W 14276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E8 KLINGON LETTER Y 14376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8E9 KLINGON LETTER GLOTTAL STOP 14476f1fc26SHu Haowen 14576f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F0 KLINGON DIGIT ZERO 14676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F1 KLINGON DIGIT ONE 14776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F2 KLINGON DIGIT TWO 14876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F3 KLINGON DIGIT THREE 14976f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F4 KLINGON DIGIT FOUR 15076f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F5 KLINGON DIGIT FIVE 15176f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F6 KLINGON DIGIT SIX 15276f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F7 KLINGON DIGIT SEVEN 15376f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F8 KLINGON DIGIT EIGHT 15476f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8F9 KLINGON DIGIT NINE 15576f1fc26SHu Haowen 15676f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8FD KLINGON COMMA 15776f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8FE KLINGON FULL STOP 15876f1fc26SHu HaowenU+F8FF KLINGON SYMBOL FOR EMPIRE 15976f1fc26SHu Haowen====== ======================================================= 16076f1fc26SHu Haowen 16176f1fc26SHu Haowen其他虛構和人工字母 16276f1fc26SHu Haowen------------------- 16376f1fc26SHu Haowen 16476f1fc26SHu Haowen自從分配了克林貢Linux Unicode塊之後,John Cowan <jcowan@reutershealth.com> 16576f1fc26SHu Haowen和 Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com> 建立了一個虛構和人工字母的註冊表。 16676f1fc26SHu Haowen徵募Unicode註冊表請訪問: 16776f1fc26SHu Haowen 16876f1fc26SHu Haowen https://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/ 16976f1fc26SHu Haowen 17076f1fc26SHu Haowen所使用的範圍位於最終用戶區域的低端,因此無法進行規範化分配,但建議希望對虛構 17176f1fc26SHu Haowen字母進行編碼的人員使用這些代碼,以實現互操作性。對於克林貢語,CSUR採用了Linux 17276f1fc26SHu Haowen編碼。CSUR的人正在推動將Tengwar和Cirth添加到Unicode平面一;將克林貢添加到 17376f1fc26SHu HaowenUnicode平面一被拒絕,因此上述編碼仍然是官方的。 17476f1fc26SHu Haowen 175