rcu: Remove rsp parameter from no-CBs CPU functions

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to
RCU's functions.

rcu: Remove rsp parameter from no-CBs CPU functions

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to
RCU's functions. This commit therefore removes the rsp parameter
from rcu_nocb_cpu_needs_barrier(), rcu_spawn_one_nocb_kthread(),
rcu_organize_nocb_kthreads(), rcu_nocb_cpu_needs_barrier(), and
rcu_nohz_full_cpu().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove rsp parameter from print_cpu_stall_info()

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
functions

rcu: Remove rsp parameter from print_cpu_stall_info()

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
functions. This commit therefore removes the rsp parameter from
print_cpu_stall_info().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove rsp parameter from rcu_spawn_one_boost_kthread()

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
fu

rcu: Remove rsp parameter from rcu_spawn_one_boost_kthread()

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
functions. This commit therefore removes the rsp parameter from
rcu_spawn_one_boost_kthread().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove rsp parameter from dump_blkd_tasks() and friend

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
fun

rcu: Remove rsp parameter from dump_blkd_tasks() and friend

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
functions. This commit therefore removes the rsp parameter from
dump_blkd_tasks() and rcu_preempt_blocked_readers_cgp().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove rsp parameter from rcu_print_detail_task_stall()

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
fu

rcu: Remove rsp parameter from rcu_print_detail_task_stall()

There now is only one rcu_state structure in a given build of the
Linux kernel, so there is no need to pass it as a parameter to RCU's
functions. This commit therefore removes the rsp parameter from
rcu_print_detail_task_stall().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove rcu_state structure's ->rda field

The rcu_state structure's ->rda field was used to find the per-CPU
rcu_data structures corresponding to that rcu_state structure. But now
there is only

rcu: Remove rcu_state structure's ->rda field

The rcu_state structure's ->rda field was used to find the per-CPU
rcu_data structures corresponding to that rcu_state structure. But now
there is only one rcu_state structure (creatively named "rcu_state")
and one set of per-CPU rcu_data structures (creatively named "rcu_data").
Therefore, uses of the ->rda field can always be replaced by "rcu_data,
and this commit makes that change and removes the ->rda field.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Eliminate rcu_state structure's ->call field

The rcu_state structure's ->call field references the corresponding RCU
flavor's call_rcu() function. However, now that there is only ever one
rcu_

rcu: Eliminate rcu_state structure's ->call field

The rcu_state structure's ->call field references the corresponding RCU
flavor's call_rcu() function. However, now that there is only ever one
rcu_state structure in a given build of the Linux kernel, and that flavor
uses plain old call_rcu(), there is not a lot of point in continuing to
have the ->call field. This commit therefore removes it.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove RCU_STATE_INITIALIZER()

Now that a given build of the Linux kernel has only one set of rcu_state,
rcu_node, and rcu_data structures, there is no point in creating a macro
to declare and

rcu: Remove RCU_STATE_INITIALIZER()

Now that a given build of the Linux kernel has only one set of rcu_state,
rcu_node, and rcu_data structures, there is no point in creating a macro
to declare and compile-time initialize them. This commit therefore
just does normal declaration and compile-time initialization of these
structures. While in the area, this commit also removes #ifndefs of
the no-longer-ever-defined preprocessor macro RCU_TREE_NONCORE.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Define RCU-sched API in terms of RCU for Tree RCU PREEMPT builds

Now that RCU-preempt knows about preemption disabling, its implementation
of synchronize_rcu() works for synchronize_sched(), an

rcu: Define RCU-sched API in terms of RCU for Tree RCU PREEMPT builds

Now that RCU-preempt knows about preemption disabling, its implementation
of synchronize_rcu() works for synchronize_sched(), and likewise for the
other RCU-sched update-side API members. This commit therefore confines
the RCU-sched update-side code to CONFIG_PREEMPT=n builds, and defines
RCU-sched's update-side API members in terms of those of RCU-preempt.

This means that any given build of the Linux kernel has only one
update-side flavor of RCU, namely RCU-preempt for CONFIG_PREEMPT=y builds
and RCU-sched for CONFIG_PREEMPT=n builds. This in turn means that kernels
built with CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=y have only one rcuo kthread per CPU.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>

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rcu: Apply RCU-bh QSes to RCU-sched and RCU-preempt when safe

One necessary step towards consolidating the three flavors of RCU is to
make sure that the resulting consolidated "one flavor to rule th

rcu: Apply RCU-bh QSes to RCU-sched and RCU-preempt when safe

One necessary step towards consolidating the three flavors of RCU is to
make sure that the resulting consolidated "one flavor to rule them all"
correctly handles networking denial-of-service attacks. One thing that
allows RCU-bh to do so is that __do_softirq() invokes rcu_bh_qs() every
so often, and so something similar has to happen for consolidated RCU.

This must be done carefully. For example, if a preemption-disabled
region of code takes an interrupt which does softirq processing before
returning, consolidated RCU must ignore the resulting rcu_bh_qs()
invocations -- preemption is still disabled, and that means an RCU
reader for the consolidated flavor.

This commit therefore creates a new rcu_softirq_qs() that is called only
from the ksoftirqd task, thus avoiding the interrupted-a-preempted-region
problem. This new rcu_softirq_qs() function invokes rcu_sched_qs(),
rcu_preempt_qs(), and rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(). The latter call handles
any deferred quiescent states.

Note that __do_softirq() still invokes rcu_bh_qs(). It will continue to
do so until a later stage of cleanup when the RCU-bh flavor is removed.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Fix !SMP issue located by kbuild test robot. ]

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rcu: Defer reporting RCU-preempt quiescent states when disabled

This commit defers reporting of RCU-preempt quiescent states at
rcu_read_unlock_special() time when any of interrupts, softirq, or
pre

rcu: Defer reporting RCU-preempt quiescent states when disabled

This commit defers reporting of RCU-preempt quiescent states at
rcu_read_unlock_special() time when any of interrupts, softirq, or
preemption are disabled. These deferred quiescent states are reported
at a later RCU_SOFTIRQ, context switch, idle entry, or CPU-hotplug
offline operation. Of course, if another RCU read-side critical
section has started in the meantime, the reporting of the quiescent
state will be further deferred.

This also means that disabling preemption, interrupts, and/or
softirqs will act as an RCU-preempt read-side critical section.
This is enforced by checking preempt_count() as needed.

Some special cases must be handled on an ad-hoc basis, for example,
context switch is a quiescent state even though both the scheduler and
do_exit() disable preemption. In these cases, additional calls to
rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() override the preemption disabling. Similar
logic overrides disabled interrupts in rcu_preempt_check_callbacks()
because in this case the quiescent state happened just before the
corresponding scheduling-clock interrupt.

In theory, this change lifts a long-standing restriction that required
that if interrupts were disabled across a call to rcu_read_unlock()
that the matching rcu_read_lock() also be contained within that
interrupts-disabled region of code. Because the reporting of the
corresponding RCU-preempt quiescent state is now deferred until
after interrupts have been enabled, it is no longer possible for this
situation to result in deadlocks involving the scheduler's runqueue and
priority-inheritance locks. This may allow some code simplification that
might reduce interrupt latency a bit. Unfortunately, in practice this
would also defer deboosting a low-priority task that had been subjected
to RCU priority boosting, so real-time-response considerations might
well force this restriction to remain in place.

Because RCU-preempt grace periods are now blocked not only by RCU
read-side critical sections, but also by disabling of interrupts,
preemption, and softirqs, it will be possible to eliminate RCU-bh and
RCU-sched in favor of RCU-preempt in CONFIG_PREEMPT=y kernels. This may
require some additional plumbing to provide the network denial-of-service
guarantees that have been traditionally provided by RCU-bh. Once these
are in place, CONFIG_PREEMPT=n kernels will be able to fold RCU-bh
into RCU-sched. This would mean that all kernels would have but
one flavor of RCU, which would open the door to significant code
cleanup.

Moving to a single flavor of RCU would also have the beneficial effect
of reducing the NOCB kthreads by at least a factor of two.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Apply rcu_read_unlock_special() preempt_count() feedback
from Joel Fernandes. ]
[ paulmck: Adjust rcu_eqs_enter() call to rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() in
response to bug reports from kbuild test robot. ]
[ paulmck: Fix bug located by kbuild test robot involving recursion
via rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(). ]

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Merge tag 'v4.19-rc1' into asoc-4.19

Linux 4.19-rc1

Merge branch 'perm-fix' into omap-for-v4.19/fixes-v2

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-misc-next

Now that 4.19-rc1 is cut, backmerge it into -misc-next.

Signed-off-by: Sean Paul <seanpaul@chromium.org>

Merge branch 'linus/master' into rdma.git for-next

rdma.git merge resolution for the 4.19 merge window

Conflicts:
drivers/infiniband/core/rdma_core.c
- Use the rdma code and revise with the new

Merge branch 'linus/master' into rdma.git for-next

rdma.git merge resolution for the 4.19 merge window

Conflicts:
drivers/infiniband/core/rdma_core.c
- Use the rdma code and revise with the new spelling for
atomic_fetch_add_unless
drivers/nvme/host/rdma.c
- Replace max_sge with max_send_sge in new blk code
drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
- Use the blk code and revise to use NULL for ib_post_recv when
appropriate
- Replace max_sge with max_recv_sge in new blk code
net/rds/ib_send.c
- Use the net code and revise to use NULL for ib_post_recv when
appropriate

Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@mellanox.com>

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Merge branch 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull RCU updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"A large update to RCU:

Preparatory work for consolidating the R

Merge branch 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull RCU updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"A large update to RCU:

Preparatory work for consolidating the RCU flavors:

- Introduce grace-period sequence numbers to the RCU-bh, RCU-preempt,
and RCU-sched flavors, replacing the old ->gpnum and ->completed
pair of fields.

This change allows lockless code to obtain the complete
grace-period state with a single READ_ONCE(), which is needed to
maintain tolerable lock contention during the upcoming
consolidation of the three RCU flavors.

Note that grace-period sequence numbers are already used by
rcu_barrier(), expedited RCU grace periods, and SRCU, and are thus
already heavily used and well-tested. Joel Fernandes contributed a
number of excellent fixes and improvements.

- Clean up some grace-period-reporting loose ends, including
improving the handling of quiescent states from offline CPUs and
fixing some false-positive WARN_ON_ONCE() invocations.

(Strictly speaking, the WARN_ON_ONCE() invocations were quite
correct, but their invariants were (harmlessly) violated by the
earlier sloppy handling of quiescent states from offline CPUs.)

In addition, improve grace-period forward-progress guarantees so as
to allow removal of fail-safe checks that required otherwise
needless lock acquisitions. Finally, add more diagnostics to help
debug the upcoming consolidation of the RCU-bh, RCU-preempt, and
RCU-sched flavors.

The rest:

- SRCU updates

- Updates to rcutorture and associated scripting.

- The usual pile of miscellaneous fixes"

* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (118 commits)
rcutorture: Fix rcu_barrier successes counter
rcutorture: Add support to detect if boost kthread prio is too low
rcutorture: Use monotonic timestamp for stall detection
rcutorture: Make boost test more robust
rcutorture: Disable RT throttling for boost tests
rcutorture: Emphasize testing of single reader protection type
rcutorture: Handle extended read-side critical sections
rcutorture: Make rcu_torture_timer() use rcu_torture_one_read()
rcutorture: Use per-CPU random state for rcu_torture_timer()
rcutorture: Use atomic increment for n_rcu_torture_timers
rcutorture: Extract common code from rcu_torture_reader()
rcuperf: Remove unused torturing_tasks() function
rcu: Remove rcutorture test version and sequence number
rcutorture: Change units of onoff_interval to jiffies
rcu: Assign higher prio to RCU threads if rcutorture is built-in
rculist: Improve documentation for list_for_each_entry_from_rcu()
srcu: Add grace-period number to rcutorture statistics printout
rcu: Print stall-warning NMI dyntick state in hexadecimal
MAINTAINERS: Update RCU, SRCU, and TORTURE-TEST entries
rcu: Make rcu_seq_diff() more exact
...

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Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-next-queued

We need a backmerge to get DP_DPCD_REV_14 before we push other
i915 changes to dinq that could break compilation.

Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.

Merge drm/drm-next into drm-intel-next-queued

We need a backmerge to get DP_DPCD_REV_14 before we push other
i915 changes to dinq that could break compilation.

Signed-off-by: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>

show more ...

Merge branch 'for-mingo' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu into core/rcu

Pull RCU updates from Paul E. McKenney:

- An optimization and a fix for RCU expedited grace

Merge branch 'for-mingo' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulmck/linux-rcu into core/rcu

Pull RCU updates from Paul E. McKenney:

- An optimization and a fix for RCU expedited grace periods, with
the fix being from Boqun Feng.

- Miscellaneous fixes, including a lockdep-annotation fix from
Boqun Feng.

- SRCU updates.

- Updates to rcutorture and associated scripting.

- Introduce grace-period sequence numbers to the RCU-bh, RCU-preempt,
and RCU-sched flavors, replacing the old ->gpnum and ->completed
pair of fields. This change allows lockless code to obtain the
complete grace-period state with a single READ_ONCE(), which is
needed to maintain tolerable lock contention during the upcoming
consolidation of the three RCU flavors. Note that grace-period
sequence numbers are already used by rcu_barrier(), expedited
RCU grace periods, and SRCU, and are thus already heavily used
and well-tested. Joel Fernandes contributed a number of excellent
fixes and improvements.

- Clean up some grace-period-reporting loose ends, including
improving the handling of quiescent states from offline CPUs
and fixing some false-positive WARN_ON_ONCE() invocations.
(Strictly speaking, the WARN_ON_ONCE() invocations were quite
correct, but their invariants were (harmlessly) violated by the
earlier sloppy handling of quiescent states from offline CPUs.)
In addition, improve grace-period forward-progress guarantees so
as to allow removal of fail-safe checks that required otherwise
needless lock acquisitions. Finally, add more diagnostics to
help debug the upcoming consolidation of the RCU-bh, RCU-preempt,
and RCU-sched flavors.

- Additional miscellaneous fixes, including those contributed by
Byungchul Park, Mauro Carvalho Chehab, Joe Perches, Joel Fernandes,
Steven Rostedt, Andrea Parri, and Neil Brown.

- Additional torture-test changes, including several contributed by
Arnd Bergmann and Joel Fernandes.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

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rcu: Remove unused rcu_kick_nohz_cpu() function

The rcu_kick_nohz_cpu() function is no longer used, and the functionality
it used to provide is now provided by a call to resched_cpu() in the
force-q

rcu: Remove unused rcu_kick_nohz_cpu() function

The rcu_kick_nohz_cpu() function is no longer used, and the functionality
it used to provide is now provided by a call to resched_cpu() in the
force-quiescent-state function rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs(). This commit
therefore removes rcu_kick_nohz_cpu().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Add diagnostics for offline CPUs failing to report QS

CPUs are expected to report quiescent states when coming online and
when going offline, and grace-period initialization is supposed to
hand

rcu: Add diagnostics for offline CPUs failing to report QS

CPUs are expected to report quiescent states when coming online and
when going offline, and grace-period initialization is supposed to
handle any race conditions where a CPU's ->qsmask bit is set just after
it goes offline. This commit adds diagnostics for the case where an
offline CPU nevertheless has a grace period waiting on it.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Record ->gp_state for both phases of grace-period initialization

Grace-period initialization first processes any recent CPU-hotplug
operations, and then initializes state for the new grace peri

rcu: Record ->gp_state for both phases of grace-period initialization

Grace-period initialization first processes any recent CPU-hotplug
operations, and then initializes state for the new grace period. These
two phases of initialization are currently not distinguished in debug
prints, but the distinction is valuable in a number of debug situations.
This commit therefore introduces two new values for ->gp_state,
RCU_GP_ONOFF and RCU_GP_INIT, in order to make this distinction.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Add CPU online/offline state to dump_blkd_tasks()

Interactions between CPU-hotplug operations and grace-period
initialization can result in dump_blkd_tasks(). One of the first
debugging action

rcu: Add CPU online/offline state to dump_blkd_tasks()

Interactions between CPU-hotplug operations and grace-period
initialization can result in dump_blkd_tasks(). One of the first
debugging actions in this case is to search back in dmesg to work
out which of the affected rcu_node structure's CPUs are online and to
determine the last CPU-hotplug operation affecting any of those CPUs.
This can be laborious and error-prone, especially when console output
is lost.

This commit therefore causes dump_blkd_tasks() to dump the state of
the affected rcu_node structure's CPUs and the last grace period during
which the last offline and online operation affected each of these CPUs.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove CPU-hotplug failsafe from force-quiescent-state code path

Now that quiescent states for newly offlined CPUs are reported either
when that CPU goes offline or at the end of grace-period i

rcu: Remove CPU-hotplug failsafe from force-quiescent-state code path

Now that quiescent states for newly offlined CPUs are reported either
when that CPU goes offline or at the end of grace-period initialization,
the CPU-hotplug failsafe in the force-quiescent-state code path is no
longer needed.

This commit therefore removes this failsafe.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Fix grace-period hangs due to race with CPU offline

Without special fail-safe quiescent-state-propagation checks, grace-period
hangs can result from the following scenario:

1. CPU 1 goes offli

rcu: Fix grace-period hangs due to race with CPU offline

Without special fail-safe quiescent-state-propagation checks, grace-period
hangs can result from the following scenario:

1. CPU 1 goes offline.

2. Because CPU 1 is the only CPU in the system blocking the current
grace period, the grace period ends as soon as
rcu_cleanup_dying_idle_cpu()'s call to rcu_report_qs_rnp()
returns.

3. At this point, the leaf rcu_node structure's ->lock is no longer
held: rcu_report_qs_rnp() has released it, as it must in order
to awaken the RCU grace-period kthread.

4. At this point, that same leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmaskinitnext
field still records CPU 1 as being online. This is absolutely
necessary because the scheduler uses RCU (in this case on the
wake-up path while awakening RCU's grace-period kthread), and
->qsmaskinitnext contains RCU's idea as to which CPUs are online.
Therefore, invoking rcu_report_qs_rnp() after clearing CPU 1's
bit from ->qsmaskinitnext would result in a lockdep-RCU splat
due to RCU being used from an offline CPU.

5. RCU's grace-period kthread awakens, sees that the old grace period
has completed and that a new one is needed. It therefore starts
a new grace period, but because CPU 1's leaf rcu_node structure's
->qsmaskinitnext field still shows CPU 1 as being online, this new
grace period is initialized to wait for a quiescent state from the
now-offline CPU 1.

6. Without the fail-safe force-quiescent-state checks, there would
be no quiescent state from the now-offline CPU 1, which would
eventually result in RCU CPU stall warnings and memory exhaustion.

It would be good to get rid of the special fail-safe quiescent-state
propagation checks, and thus it would be good to fix things so that
the above scenario cannot happen. This commit therefore adds a new
->ofl_lock to the rcu_state structure. This lock is held by rcu_gp_init()
across the applying of buffered online and offline operations to the
rcu_node tree, and it is also held by rcu_cleanup_dying_idle_cpu()
when buffering a new offline operation. This prevents rcu_gp_init()
from acquiring the leaf rcu_node structure's lock during the interval
between when rcu_cleanup_dying_idle_cpu() invokes rcu_report_qs_rnp(),
which releases ->lock and the re-acquisition of that same lock.
This in turn prevents the failure scenario outlined above, and will
hopefully eventually allow removal of the offline-CPU checks from the
force-quiescent-state code path.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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rcu: Remove ->gpnum and ->completed

Now that everything has been converted to use ->gp_seq instead of
->gpnum and ->completed, this commit removes ->gpnum and ->completed.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. Mc

rcu: Remove ->gpnum and ->completed

Now that everything has been converted to use ->gp_seq instead of
->gpnum and ->completed, this commit removes ->gpnum and ->completed.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

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