xref: /openbmc/u-boot/drivers/mtd/nand/raw/fsmc_nand.c (revision a1588ac8)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * (C) Copyright 2010
4  * Vipin Kumar, ST Microelectronics, vipin.kumar@st.com.
5  *
6  * (C) Copyright 2012
7  * Amit Virdi, ST Microelectronics, amit.virdi@st.com.
8  */
9 
10 #include <common.h>
11 #include <nand.h>
12 #include <asm/io.h>
13 #include <linux/bitops.h>
14 #include <linux/err.h>
15 #include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>
16 #include <linux/mtd/fsmc_nand.h>
17 #include <asm/arch/hardware.h>
18 
19 static u32 fsmc_version;
20 static struct fsmc_regs *const fsmc_regs_p = (struct fsmc_regs *)
21 	CONFIG_SYS_FSMC_BASE;
22 
23 /*
24  * ECC4 and ECC1 have 13 bytes and 3 bytes of ecc respectively for 512 bytes of
25  * data. ECC4 can correct up to 8 bits in 512 bytes of data while ECC1 can
26  * correct 1 bit in 512 bytes
27  */
28 
29 static struct nand_ecclayout fsmc_ecc4_lp_layout = {
30 	.eccbytes = 104,
31 	.eccpos = {  2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,
32 		9,  10,  11,  12,  13,  14,
33 		18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,
34 		25,  26,  27,  28,  29,  30,
35 		34,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39,  40,
36 		41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,
37 		50,  51,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56,
38 		57,  58,  59,  60,  61,  62,
39 		66,  67,  68,  69,  70,  71,  72,
40 		73,  74,  75,  76,  77,  78,
41 		82,  83,  84,  85,  86,  87,  88,
42 		89,  90,  91,  92,  93,  94,
43 		98,  99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104,
44 		105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110,
45 		114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120,
46 		121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126
47 	},
48 	.oobfree = {
49 		{.offset = 15, .length = 3},
50 		{.offset = 31, .length = 3},
51 		{.offset = 47, .length = 3},
52 		{.offset = 63, .length = 3},
53 		{.offset = 79, .length = 3},
54 		{.offset = 95, .length = 3},
55 		{.offset = 111, .length = 3},
56 		{.offset = 127, .length = 1}
57 	}
58 };
59 
60 /*
61  * ECC4 layout for NAND of pagesize 4096 bytes & OOBsize 224 bytes. 13*8 bytes
62  * of OOB size is reserved for ECC, Byte no. 0 & 1 reserved for bad block & 118
63  * bytes are free for use.
64  */
65 static struct nand_ecclayout fsmc_ecc4_224_layout = {
66 	.eccbytes = 104,
67 	.eccpos = {  2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,
68 		9,  10,  11,  12,  13,  14,
69 		18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,
70 		25,  26,  27,  28,  29,  30,
71 		34,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39,  40,
72 		41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,
73 		50,  51,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56,
74 		57,  58,  59,  60,  61,  62,
75 		66,  67,  68,  69,  70,  71,  72,
76 		73,  74,  75,  76,  77,  78,
77 		82,  83,  84,  85,  86,  87,  88,
78 		89,  90,  91,  92,  93,  94,
79 		98,  99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104,
80 		105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110,
81 		114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120,
82 		121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126
83 	},
84 	.oobfree = {
85 		{.offset = 15, .length = 3},
86 		{.offset = 31, .length = 3},
87 		{.offset = 47, .length = 3},
88 		{.offset = 63, .length = 3},
89 		{.offset = 79, .length = 3},
90 		{.offset = 95, .length = 3},
91 		{.offset = 111, .length = 3},
92 		{.offset = 127, .length = 97}
93 	}
94 };
95 
96 /*
97  * ECC placement definitions in oobfree type format
98  * There are 13 bytes of ecc for every 512 byte block and it has to be read
99  * consecutively and immediately after the 512 byte data block for hardware to
100  * generate the error bit offsets in 512 byte data
101  * Managing the ecc bytes in the following way makes it easier for software to
102  * read ecc bytes consecutive to data bytes. This way is similar to
103  * oobfree structure maintained already in u-boot nand driver
104  */
105 static struct fsmc_eccplace fsmc_eccpl_lp = {
106 	.eccplace = {
107 		{.offset = 2, .length = 13},
108 		{.offset = 18, .length = 13},
109 		{.offset = 34, .length = 13},
110 		{.offset = 50, .length = 13},
111 		{.offset = 66, .length = 13},
112 		{.offset = 82, .length = 13},
113 		{.offset = 98, .length = 13},
114 		{.offset = 114, .length = 13}
115 	}
116 };
117 
118 static struct nand_ecclayout fsmc_ecc4_sp_layout = {
119 	.eccbytes = 13,
120 	.eccpos = { 0,  1,  2,  3,  6,  7, 8,
121 		9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
122 	},
123 	.oobfree = {
124 		{.offset = 15, .length = 1},
125 	}
126 };
127 
128 static struct fsmc_eccplace fsmc_eccpl_sp = {
129 	.eccplace = {
130 		{.offset = 0, .length = 4},
131 		{.offset = 6, .length = 9}
132 	}
133 };
134 
135 static struct nand_ecclayout fsmc_ecc1_layout = {
136 	.eccbytes = 24,
137 	.eccpos = {2, 3, 4, 18, 19, 20, 34, 35, 36, 50, 51, 52,
138 		66, 67, 68, 82, 83, 84, 98, 99, 100, 114, 115, 116},
139 	.oobfree = {
140 		{.offset = 8, .length = 8},
141 		{.offset = 24, .length = 8},
142 		{.offset = 40, .length = 8},
143 		{.offset = 56, .length = 8},
144 		{.offset = 72, .length = 8},
145 		{.offset = 88, .length = 8},
146 		{.offset = 104, .length = 8},
147 		{.offset = 120, .length = 8}
148 	}
149 };
150 
151 /* Count the number of 0's in buff upto a max of max_bits */
count_written_bits(uint8_t * buff,int size,int max_bits)152 static int count_written_bits(uint8_t *buff, int size, int max_bits)
153 {
154 	int k, written_bits = 0;
155 
156 	for (k = 0; k < size; k++) {
157 		written_bits += hweight8(~buff[k]);
158 		if (written_bits > max_bits)
159 			break;
160 	}
161 
162 	return written_bits;
163 }
164 
fsmc_nand_hwcontrol(struct mtd_info * mtd,int cmd,uint ctrl)165 static void fsmc_nand_hwcontrol(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd, uint ctrl)
166 {
167 	struct nand_chip *this = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
168 	ulong IO_ADDR_W;
169 
170 	if (ctrl & NAND_CTRL_CHANGE) {
171 		IO_ADDR_W = (ulong)this->IO_ADDR_W;
172 
173 		IO_ADDR_W &= ~(CONFIG_SYS_NAND_CLE | CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ALE);
174 		if (ctrl & NAND_CLE)
175 			IO_ADDR_W |= CONFIG_SYS_NAND_CLE;
176 		if (ctrl & NAND_ALE)
177 			IO_ADDR_W |= CONFIG_SYS_NAND_ALE;
178 
179 		if (ctrl & NAND_NCE) {
180 			writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->pc) |
181 					FSMC_ENABLE, &fsmc_regs_p->pc);
182 		} else {
183 			writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->pc) &
184 					~FSMC_ENABLE, &fsmc_regs_p->pc);
185 		}
186 		this->IO_ADDR_W = (void *)IO_ADDR_W;
187 	}
188 
189 	if (cmd != NAND_CMD_NONE)
190 		writeb(cmd, this->IO_ADDR_W);
191 }
192 
fsmc_bch8_correct_data(struct mtd_info * mtd,u_char * dat,u_char * read_ecc,u_char * calc_ecc)193 static int fsmc_bch8_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
194 		u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
195 {
196 	/* The calculated ecc is actually the correction index in data */
197 	u32 err_idx[8];
198 	u32 num_err, i;
199 	u32 ecc1, ecc2, ecc3, ecc4;
200 
201 	num_err = (readl(&fsmc_regs_p->sts) >> 10) & 0xF;
202 
203 	if (likely(num_err == 0))
204 		return 0;
205 
206 	if (unlikely(num_err > 8)) {
207 		/*
208 		 * This is a temporary erase check. A newly erased page read
209 		 * would result in an ecc error because the oob data is also
210 		 * erased to FF and the calculated ecc for an FF data is not
211 		 * FF..FF.
212 		 * This is a workaround to skip performing correction in case
213 		 * data is FF..FF
214 		 *
215 		 * Logic:
216 		 * For every page, each bit written as 0 is counted until these
217 		 * number of bits are greater than 8 (the maximum correction
218 		 * capability of FSMC for each 512 + 13 bytes)
219 		 */
220 
221 		int bits_ecc = count_written_bits(read_ecc, 13, 8);
222 		int bits_data = count_written_bits(dat, 512, 8);
223 
224 		if ((bits_ecc + bits_data) <= 8) {
225 			if (bits_data)
226 				memset(dat, 0xff, 512);
227 			return bits_data + bits_ecc;
228 		}
229 
230 		return -EBADMSG;
231 	}
232 
233 	ecc1 = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc1);
234 	ecc2 = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc2);
235 	ecc3 = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc3);
236 	ecc4 = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->sts);
237 
238 	err_idx[0] = (ecc1 >> 0) & 0x1FFF;
239 	err_idx[1] = (ecc1 >> 13) & 0x1FFF;
240 	err_idx[2] = (((ecc2 >> 0) & 0x7F) << 6) | ((ecc1 >> 26) & 0x3F);
241 	err_idx[3] = (ecc2 >> 7) & 0x1FFF;
242 	err_idx[4] = (((ecc3 >> 0) & 0x1) << 12) | ((ecc2 >> 20) & 0xFFF);
243 	err_idx[5] = (ecc3 >> 1) & 0x1FFF;
244 	err_idx[6] = (ecc3 >> 14) & 0x1FFF;
245 	err_idx[7] = (((ecc4 >> 16) & 0xFF) << 5) | ((ecc3 >> 27) & 0x1F);
246 
247 	i = 0;
248 	while (i < num_err) {
249 		err_idx[i] ^= 3;
250 
251 		if (err_idx[i] < 512 * 8)
252 			__change_bit(err_idx[i], dat);
253 
254 		i++;
255 	}
256 
257 	return num_err;
258 }
259 
fsmc_read_hwecc(struct mtd_info * mtd,const u_char * data,u_char * ecc)260 static int fsmc_read_hwecc(struct mtd_info *mtd,
261 			const u_char *data, u_char *ecc)
262 {
263 	u_int ecc_tmp;
264 	int timeout = CONFIG_SYS_HZ;
265 	ulong start;
266 
267 	switch (fsmc_version) {
268 	case FSMC_VER8:
269 		start = get_timer(0);
270 		while (get_timer(start) < timeout) {
271 			/*
272 			 * Busy waiting for ecc computation
273 			 * to finish for 512 bytes
274 			 */
275 			if (readl(&fsmc_regs_p->sts) & FSMC_CODE_RDY)
276 				break;
277 		}
278 
279 		ecc_tmp = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc1);
280 		ecc[0] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 0);
281 		ecc[1] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 8);
282 		ecc[2] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 16);
283 		ecc[3] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 24);
284 
285 		ecc_tmp = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc2);
286 		ecc[4] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 0);
287 		ecc[5] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 8);
288 		ecc[6] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 16);
289 		ecc[7] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 24);
290 
291 		ecc_tmp = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc3);
292 		ecc[8] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 0);
293 		ecc[9] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 8);
294 		ecc[10] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 16);
295 		ecc[11] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 24);
296 
297 		ecc_tmp = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->sts);
298 		ecc[12] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 16);
299 		break;
300 
301 	default:
302 		ecc_tmp = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ecc1);
303 		ecc[0] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 0);
304 		ecc[1] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 8);
305 		ecc[2] = (u_char) (ecc_tmp >> 16);
306 		break;
307 	}
308 
309 	return 0;
310 }
311 
fsmc_enable_hwecc(struct mtd_info * mtd,int mode)312 void fsmc_enable_hwecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode)
313 {
314 	writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->pc) & ~FSMC_ECCPLEN_256,
315 			&fsmc_regs_p->pc);
316 	writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->pc) & ~FSMC_ECCEN,
317 			&fsmc_regs_p->pc);
318 	writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->pc) | FSMC_ECCEN,
319 			&fsmc_regs_p->pc);
320 }
321 
322 /*
323  * fsmc_read_page_hwecc
324  * @mtd:	mtd info structure
325  * @chip:	nand chip info structure
326  * @buf:	buffer to store read data
327  * @oob_required:	caller expects OOB data read to chip->oob_poi
328  * @page:	page number to read
329  *
330  * This routine is needed for fsmc verison 8 as reading from NAND chip has to be
331  * performed in a strict sequence as follows:
332  * data(512 byte) -> ecc(13 byte)
333  * After this read, fsmc hardware generates and reports error data bits(upto a
334  * max of 8 bits)
335  */
fsmc_read_page_hwecc(struct mtd_info * mtd,struct nand_chip * chip,uint8_t * buf,int oob_required,int page)336 static int fsmc_read_page_hwecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
337 				 uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page)
338 {
339 	struct fsmc_eccplace *fsmc_eccpl;
340 	int i, j, s, stat, eccsize = chip->ecc.size;
341 	int eccbytes = chip->ecc.bytes;
342 	int eccsteps = chip->ecc.steps;
343 	uint8_t *p = buf;
344 	uint8_t *ecc_calc = chip->buffers->ecccalc;
345 	uint8_t *ecc_code = chip->buffers->ecccode;
346 	int off, len, group = 0;
347 	uint8_t oob[13] __attribute__ ((aligned (2)));
348 
349 	/* Differentiate between small and large page ecc place definitions */
350 	if (mtd->writesize == 512)
351 		fsmc_eccpl = &fsmc_eccpl_sp;
352 	else
353 		fsmc_eccpl = &fsmc_eccpl_lp;
354 
355 	for (i = 0, s = 0; s < eccsteps; s++, i += eccbytes, p += eccsize) {
356 
357 		chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_READ0, s * eccsize, page);
358 		chip->ecc.hwctl(mtd, NAND_ECC_READ);
359 		chip->read_buf(mtd, p, eccsize);
360 
361 		for (j = 0; j < eccbytes;) {
362 			off = fsmc_eccpl->eccplace[group].offset;
363 			len = fsmc_eccpl->eccplace[group].length;
364 			group++;
365 
366 			/*
367 			 * length is intentionally kept a higher multiple of 2
368 			 * to read at least 13 bytes even in case of 16 bit NAND
369 			 * devices
370 			 */
371 			if (chip->options & NAND_BUSWIDTH_16)
372 				len = roundup(len, 2);
373 			chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_READOOB, off, page);
374 			chip->read_buf(mtd, oob + j, len);
375 			j += len;
376 		}
377 
378 		memcpy(&ecc_code[i], oob, 13);
379 		chip->ecc.calculate(mtd, p, &ecc_calc[i]);
380 
381 		stat = chip->ecc.correct(mtd, p, &ecc_code[i],
382 				&ecc_calc[i]);
383 		if (stat < 0)
384 			mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
385 		else
386 			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += stat;
387 	}
388 
389 	return 0;
390 }
391 
392 #ifndef CONFIG_SPL_BUILD
393 /*
394  * fsmc_nand_switch_ecc - switch the ECC operation between different engines
395  *
396  * @eccstrength		- the number of bits that could be corrected
397  *			  (1 - HW, 4 - SW BCH4)
398  */
fsmc_nand_switch_ecc(uint32_t eccstrength)399 int fsmc_nand_switch_ecc(uint32_t eccstrength)
400 {
401 	struct nand_chip *nand;
402 	struct mtd_info *mtd;
403 	int err;
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * This functions is only called on SPEAr600 platforms, supporting
407 	 * 1 bit HW ECC. The BCH8 HW ECC (FSMC_VER8) from the ST-Ericsson
408 	 * Nomadik SoC is currently supporting this fsmc_nand_switch_ecc()
409 	 * function, as it doesn't need to switch to a different ECC layout.
410 	 */
411 	mtd = get_nand_dev_by_index(nand_curr_device);
412 	nand = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
413 
414 	/* Setup the ecc configurations again */
415 	if (eccstrength == 1) {
416 		nand->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_HW;
417 		nand->ecc.bytes = 3;
418 		nand->ecc.strength = 1;
419 		nand->ecc.layout = &fsmc_ecc1_layout;
420 		nand->ecc.calculate = fsmc_read_hwecc;
421 		nand->ecc.correct = nand_correct_data;
422 	} else if (eccstrength == 4) {
423 		/*
424 		 * .calculate .correct and .bytes will be set in
425 		 * nand_scan_tail()
426 		 */
427 		nand->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT_BCH;
428 		nand->ecc.strength = 4;
429 		nand->ecc.layout = NULL;
430 	} else {
431 		printf("Error: ECC strength %d not supported!\n", eccstrength);
432 	}
433 
434 	/* Update NAND handling after ECC mode switch */
435 	err = nand_scan_tail(mtd);
436 
437 	return err;
438 }
439 #endif /* CONFIG_SPL_BUILD */
440 
fsmc_nand_init(struct nand_chip * nand)441 int fsmc_nand_init(struct nand_chip *nand)
442 {
443 	static int chip_nr;
444 	struct mtd_info *mtd;
445 	u32 peripid2 = readl(&fsmc_regs_p->peripid2);
446 
447 	fsmc_version = (peripid2 >> FSMC_REVISION_SHFT) &
448 		FSMC_REVISION_MSK;
449 
450 	writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->ctrl) | FSMC_WP, &fsmc_regs_p->ctrl);
451 
452 #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_FSMC_NAND_16BIT)
453 	writel(FSMC_DEVWID_16 | FSMC_DEVTYPE_NAND | FSMC_ENABLE | FSMC_WAITON,
454 			&fsmc_regs_p->pc);
455 #elif defined(CONFIG_SYS_FSMC_NAND_8BIT)
456 	writel(FSMC_DEVWID_8 | FSMC_DEVTYPE_NAND | FSMC_ENABLE | FSMC_WAITON,
457 			&fsmc_regs_p->pc);
458 #else
459 #error Please define CONFIG_SYS_FSMC_NAND_16BIT or CONFIG_SYS_FSMC_NAND_8BIT
460 #endif
461 	writel(readl(&fsmc_regs_p->pc) | FSMC_TCLR_1 | FSMC_TAR_1,
462 			&fsmc_regs_p->pc);
463 	writel(FSMC_THIZ_1 | FSMC_THOLD_4 | FSMC_TWAIT_6 | FSMC_TSET_0,
464 			&fsmc_regs_p->comm);
465 	writel(FSMC_THIZ_1 | FSMC_THOLD_4 | FSMC_TWAIT_6 | FSMC_TSET_0,
466 			&fsmc_regs_p->attrib);
467 
468 	nand->options = 0;
469 #if defined(CONFIG_SYS_FSMC_NAND_16BIT)
470 	nand->options |= NAND_BUSWIDTH_16;
471 #endif
472 	nand->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_HW;
473 	nand->ecc.size = 512;
474 	nand->ecc.calculate = fsmc_read_hwecc;
475 	nand->ecc.hwctl = fsmc_enable_hwecc;
476 	nand->cmd_ctrl = fsmc_nand_hwcontrol;
477 	nand->IO_ADDR_R = nand->IO_ADDR_W =
478 		(void  __iomem *)CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASE;
479 	nand->badblockbits = 7;
480 
481 	mtd = nand_to_mtd(nand);
482 
483 	switch (fsmc_version) {
484 	case FSMC_VER8:
485 		nand->ecc.bytes = 13;
486 		nand->ecc.strength = 8;
487 		nand->ecc.correct = fsmc_bch8_correct_data;
488 		nand->ecc.read_page = fsmc_read_page_hwecc;
489 		if (mtd->writesize == 512)
490 			nand->ecc.layout = &fsmc_ecc4_sp_layout;
491 		else {
492 			if (mtd->oobsize == 224)
493 				nand->ecc.layout = &fsmc_ecc4_224_layout;
494 			else
495 				nand->ecc.layout = &fsmc_ecc4_lp_layout;
496 		}
497 
498 		break;
499 	default:
500 		nand->ecc.bytes = 3;
501 		nand->ecc.strength = 1;
502 		nand->ecc.layout = &fsmc_ecc1_layout;
503 		nand->ecc.correct = nand_correct_data;
504 		break;
505 	}
506 
507 	/* Detect NAND chips */
508 	if (nand_scan_ident(mtd, CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE, NULL))
509 		return -ENXIO;
510 
511 	if (nand_scan_tail(mtd))
512 		return -ENXIO;
513 
514 	if (nand_register(chip_nr++, mtd))
515 		return -ENXIO;
516 
517 	return 0;
518 }
519