1 /*
2 * DMA helper functions
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2009, 2020 Red Hat
5 *
6 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License
7 * (GNU GPL), version 2 or later.
8 */
9
10 #ifndef DMA_H
11 #define DMA_H
12
13 #include "exec/memory.h"
14 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
15 #include "block/block.h"
16 #include "block/accounting.h"
17
18 typedef enum {
19 DMA_DIRECTION_TO_DEVICE = 0,
20 DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE = 1,
21 } DMADirection;
22
23 /*
24 * When an IOMMU is present, bus addresses become distinct from
25 * CPU/memory physical addresses and may be a different size. Because
26 * the IOVA size depends more on the bus than on the platform, we more
27 * or less have to treat these as 64-bit always to cover all (or at
28 * least most) cases.
29 */
30 typedef uint64_t dma_addr_t;
31
32 #define DMA_ADDR_BITS 64
33 #define DMA_ADDR_FMT "%" PRIx64
34
35 typedef struct ScatterGatherEntry ScatterGatherEntry;
36
37 struct QEMUSGList {
38 ScatterGatherEntry *sg;
39 int nsg;
40 int nalloc;
41 dma_addr_t size;
42 DeviceState *dev;
43 AddressSpace *as;
44 };
45
dma_barrier(AddressSpace * as,DMADirection dir)46 static inline void dma_barrier(AddressSpace *as, DMADirection dir)
47 {
48 /*
49 * This is called before DMA read and write operations
50 * unless the _relaxed form is used and is responsible
51 * for providing some sane ordering of accesses vs
52 * concurrently running VCPUs.
53 *
54 * Users of map(), unmap() or lower level st/ld_*
55 * operations are responsible for providing their own
56 * ordering via barriers.
57 *
58 * This primitive implementation does a simple smp_mb()
59 * before each operation which provides pretty much full
60 * ordering.
61 *
62 * A smarter implementation can be devised if needed to
63 * use lighter barriers based on the direction of the
64 * transfer, the DMA context, etc...
65 */
66 smp_mb();
67 }
68
69 /* Checks that the given range of addresses is valid for DMA. This is
70 * useful for certain cases, but usually you should just use
71 * dma_memory_{read,write}() and check for errors */
dma_memory_valid(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,dma_addr_t len,DMADirection dir,MemTxAttrs attrs)72 static inline bool dma_memory_valid(AddressSpace *as,
73 dma_addr_t addr, dma_addr_t len,
74 DMADirection dir, MemTxAttrs attrs)
75 {
76 return address_space_access_valid(as, addr, len,
77 dir == DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE,
78 attrs);
79 }
80
dma_memory_rw_relaxed(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,void * buf,dma_addr_t len,DMADirection dir,MemTxAttrs attrs)81 static inline MemTxResult dma_memory_rw_relaxed(AddressSpace *as,
82 dma_addr_t addr,
83 void *buf, dma_addr_t len,
84 DMADirection dir,
85 MemTxAttrs attrs)
86 {
87 return address_space_rw(as, addr, attrs,
88 buf, len, dir == DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE);
89 }
90
dma_memory_read_relaxed(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,void * buf,dma_addr_t len)91 static inline MemTxResult dma_memory_read_relaxed(AddressSpace *as,
92 dma_addr_t addr,
93 void *buf, dma_addr_t len)
94 {
95 return dma_memory_rw_relaxed(as, addr, buf, len,
96 DMA_DIRECTION_TO_DEVICE,
97 MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
98 }
99
dma_memory_write_relaxed(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,const void * buf,dma_addr_t len)100 static inline MemTxResult dma_memory_write_relaxed(AddressSpace *as,
101 dma_addr_t addr,
102 const void *buf,
103 dma_addr_t len)
104 {
105 return dma_memory_rw_relaxed(as, addr, (void *)buf, len,
106 DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE,
107 MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
108 }
109
110 /**
111 * dma_memory_rw: Read from or write to an address space from DMA controller.
112 *
113 * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded
114 * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction,
115 * IOMMU fault).
116 *
117 * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed
118 * @addr: address within that address space
119 * @buf: buffer with the data transferred
120 * @len: the number of bytes to read or write
121 * @dir: indicates the transfer direction
122 * @attrs: memory transaction attributes
123 */
dma_memory_rw(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,void * buf,dma_addr_t len,DMADirection dir,MemTxAttrs attrs)124 static inline MemTxResult dma_memory_rw(AddressSpace *as, dma_addr_t addr,
125 void *buf, dma_addr_t len,
126 DMADirection dir, MemTxAttrs attrs)
127 {
128 dma_barrier(as, dir);
129
130 return dma_memory_rw_relaxed(as, addr, buf, len, dir, attrs);
131 }
132
133 /**
134 * dma_memory_read: Read from an address space from DMA controller.
135 *
136 * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded
137 * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction,
138 * IOMMU fault). Called within RCU critical section.
139 *
140 * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed
141 * @addr: address within that address space
142 * @buf: buffer with the data transferred
143 * @len: length of the data transferred
144 * @attrs: memory transaction attributes
145 */
dma_memory_read(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,void * buf,dma_addr_t len,MemTxAttrs attrs)146 static inline MemTxResult dma_memory_read(AddressSpace *as, dma_addr_t addr,
147 void *buf, dma_addr_t len,
148 MemTxAttrs attrs)
149 {
150 return dma_memory_rw(as, addr, buf, len,
151 DMA_DIRECTION_TO_DEVICE, attrs);
152 }
153
154 /**
155 * address_space_write: Write to address space from DMA controller.
156 *
157 * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded
158 * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction,
159 * IOMMU fault).
160 *
161 * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed
162 * @addr: address within that address space
163 * @buf: buffer with the data transferred
164 * @len: the number of bytes to write
165 * @attrs: memory transaction attributes
166 */
dma_memory_write(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,const void * buf,dma_addr_t len,MemTxAttrs attrs)167 static inline MemTxResult dma_memory_write(AddressSpace *as, dma_addr_t addr,
168 const void *buf, dma_addr_t len,
169 MemTxAttrs attrs)
170 {
171 return dma_memory_rw(as, addr, (void *)buf, len,
172 DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE, attrs);
173 }
174
175 /**
176 * dma_memory_set: Fill memory with a constant byte from DMA controller.
177 *
178 * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded
179 * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction,
180 * IOMMU fault).
181 *
182 * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed
183 * @addr: address within that address space
184 * @c: constant byte to fill the memory
185 * @len: the number of bytes to fill with the constant byte
186 * @attrs: memory transaction attributes
187 */
188 MemTxResult dma_memory_set(AddressSpace *as, dma_addr_t addr,
189 uint8_t c, dma_addr_t len, MemTxAttrs attrs);
190
191 /**
192 * address_space_map: Map a physical memory region into a host virtual address.
193 *
194 * May map a subset of the requested range, given by and returned in @plen.
195 * May return %NULL and set *@plen to zero(0), if resources needed to perform
196 * the mapping are exhausted.
197 * Use only for reads OR writes - not for read-modify-write operations.
198 *
199 * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed
200 * @addr: address within that address space
201 * @len: pointer to length of buffer; updated on return
202 * @dir: indicates the transfer direction
203 * @attrs: memory attributes
204 */
dma_memory_map(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,dma_addr_t * len,DMADirection dir,MemTxAttrs attrs)205 static inline void *dma_memory_map(AddressSpace *as,
206 dma_addr_t addr, dma_addr_t *len,
207 DMADirection dir, MemTxAttrs attrs)
208 {
209 hwaddr xlen = *len;
210 void *p;
211
212 p = address_space_map(as, addr, &xlen, dir == DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE,
213 attrs);
214 *len = xlen;
215 return p;
216 }
217
218 /**
219 * address_space_unmap: Unmaps a memory region previously mapped
220 * by dma_memory_map()
221 *
222 * Will also mark the memory as dirty if @dir == %DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE.
223 * @access_len gives the amount of memory that was actually read or written
224 * by the caller.
225 *
226 * @as: #AddressSpace used
227 * @buffer: host pointer as returned by address_space_map()
228 * @len: buffer length as returned by address_space_map()
229 * @dir: indicates the transfer direction
230 * @access_len: amount of data actually transferred
231 */
dma_memory_unmap(AddressSpace * as,void * buffer,dma_addr_t len,DMADirection dir,dma_addr_t access_len)232 static inline void dma_memory_unmap(AddressSpace *as,
233 void *buffer, dma_addr_t len,
234 DMADirection dir, dma_addr_t access_len)
235 {
236 address_space_unmap(as, buffer, (hwaddr)len,
237 dir == DMA_DIRECTION_FROM_DEVICE, access_len);
238 }
239
240 #define DEFINE_LDST_DMA(_lname, _sname, _bits, _end) \
241 static inline MemTxResult ld##_lname##_##_end##_dma(AddressSpace *as, \
242 dma_addr_t addr, \
243 uint##_bits##_t *pval, \
244 MemTxAttrs attrs) \
245 { \
246 MemTxResult res = dma_memory_read(as, addr, pval, (_bits) / 8, attrs); \
247 _end##_bits##_to_cpus(pval); \
248 return res; \
249 } \
250 static inline MemTxResult st##_sname##_##_end##_dma(AddressSpace *as, \
251 dma_addr_t addr, \
252 uint##_bits##_t val, \
253 MemTxAttrs attrs) \
254 { \
255 val = cpu_to_##_end##_bits(val); \
256 return dma_memory_write(as, addr, &val, (_bits) / 8, attrs); \
257 }
258
ldub_dma(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,uint8_t * val,MemTxAttrs attrs)259 static inline MemTxResult ldub_dma(AddressSpace *as, dma_addr_t addr,
260 uint8_t *val, MemTxAttrs attrs)
261 {
262 return dma_memory_read(as, addr, val, 1, attrs);
263 }
264
stb_dma(AddressSpace * as,dma_addr_t addr,uint8_t val,MemTxAttrs attrs)265 static inline MemTxResult stb_dma(AddressSpace *as, dma_addr_t addr,
266 uint8_t val, MemTxAttrs attrs)
267 {
268 return dma_memory_write(as, addr, &val, 1, attrs);
269 }
270
271 DEFINE_LDST_DMA(uw, w, 16, le);
272 DEFINE_LDST_DMA(l, l, 32, le);
273 DEFINE_LDST_DMA(q, q, 64, le);
274 DEFINE_LDST_DMA(uw, w, 16, be);
275 DEFINE_LDST_DMA(l, l, 32, be);
276 DEFINE_LDST_DMA(q, q, 64, be);
277
278 #undef DEFINE_LDST_DMA
279
280 struct ScatterGatherEntry {
281 dma_addr_t base;
282 dma_addr_t len;
283 };
284
285 void qemu_sglist_init(QEMUSGList *qsg, DeviceState *dev, int alloc_hint,
286 AddressSpace *as);
287 void qemu_sglist_add(QEMUSGList *qsg, dma_addr_t base, dma_addr_t len);
288 void qemu_sglist_destroy(QEMUSGList *qsg);
289
290 typedef BlockAIOCB *DMAIOFunc(int64_t offset, QEMUIOVector *iov,
291 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *cb_opaque,
292 void *opaque);
293
294 BlockAIOCB *dma_blk_io(AioContext *ctx,
295 QEMUSGList *sg, uint64_t offset, uint32_t align,
296 DMAIOFunc *io_func, void *io_func_opaque,
297 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque, DMADirection dir);
298 BlockAIOCB *dma_blk_read(BlockBackend *blk,
299 QEMUSGList *sg, uint64_t offset, uint32_t align,
300 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
301 BlockAIOCB *dma_blk_write(BlockBackend *blk,
302 QEMUSGList *sg, uint64_t offset, uint32_t align,
303 BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
304 MemTxResult dma_buf_read(void *ptr, dma_addr_t len, dma_addr_t *residual,
305 QEMUSGList *sg, MemTxAttrs attrs);
306 MemTxResult dma_buf_write(void *ptr, dma_addr_t len, dma_addr_t *residual,
307 QEMUSGList *sg, MemTxAttrs attrs);
308
309 void dma_acct_start(BlockBackend *blk, BlockAcctCookie *cookie,
310 QEMUSGList *sg, enum BlockAcctType type);
311
312 /**
313 * dma_aligned_pow2_mask: Return the address bit mask of the largest
314 * power of 2 size less or equal than @end - @start + 1, aligned with @start,
315 * and bounded by 1 << @max_addr_bits bits.
316 *
317 * @start: range start address
318 * @end: range end address (greater than @start)
319 * @max_addr_bits: max address bits (<= 64)
320 */
321 uint64_t dma_aligned_pow2_mask(uint64_t start, uint64_t end,
322 int max_addr_bits);
323
324 #endif
325