.. _cn_magicnumbers: .. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst :Original: :ref:`Documentation/process/magic-number.rst ` 如果想评论或更新本文的内容，请直接发信到LKML。如果你使用英文交流有困难的话，也可以向中文版维护者求助。如果本翻译更新不及时或者翻译存在问题，请联系中文版维护者:: 中文版维护者：贾威威 Jia Wei Wei 中文版翻译者：贾威威 Jia Wei Wei 中文版校译者：贾威威 Jia Wei Wei Linux 魔术数 ============ 这个文件是有关当前使用的魔术值注册表。当你给一个结构添加了一个魔术值，你也应该把这个魔术值添加到这个文件，因为我们最好把用于各种结构的魔术值统一起来。使用魔术值来保护内核数据结构是一个非常好的主意。这就允许你在运行期检查(a)一个结构是否已经被攻击，或者(b)你已经给一个例行程序通过了一个错误的结构。后一种情况特别地有用---特别是当你通过一个空指针指向结构体的时候。tty源码，例如，经常通过特定驱动使用这种方法并且反复地排列特定方面的结构。使用魔术值的方法是在结构的开始处声明的，如下:: struct tty_ldisc { int magic; ... }; 当你以后给内核添加增强功能的时候，请遵守这条规则！这样就会节省数不清的调试时间，特别是一些古怪的情况，例如，数组超出范围并且重新写了超出部分。遵守这个规则，‪这些情况可以被快速地，安全地避免。 Theodore Ts'o 31 Mar 94 给当前的Linux 2.1.55添加魔术表。 Michael Chastain 22 Sep 1997 现在应该最新的Linux 2.1.112.因为在特性冻结期间，不能在2.2.x前改变任何东西。这些条目被数域所排序。 Krzysztof G.Baranowski 29 Jul 1998 更新魔术表到Linux 2.5.45。刚好越过特性冻结，但是有可能还会有一些新的魔术值在2.6.x之前融入到内核中。 Petr Baudis 03 Nov 2002 更新魔术表到Linux 2.5.74。 Fabian Frederick 09 Jul 2003 ===================== ================ ======================== ========================================== 魔术数名数字结构文件 ===================== ================ ======================== ========================================== PG_MAGIC 'P' pg_{read,write}_hdr ``include/linux/pg.h`` CMAGIC 0x0111 user ``include/linux/a.out.h`` MKISS_DRIVER_MAGIC 0x04bf mkiss_channel ``drivers/net/mkiss.h`` HDLC_MAGIC 0x239e n_hdlc ``drivers/char/n_hdlc.c`` APM_BIOS_MAGIC 0x4101 apm_user ``arch/x86/kernel/apm_32.c`` CYCLADES_MAGIC 0x4359 cyclades_port ``include/linux/cyclades.h`` DB_MAGIC 0x4442 fc_info ``drivers/net/iph5526_novram.c`` DL_MAGIC 0x444d fc_info ``drivers/net/iph5526_novram.c`` FASYNC_MAGIC 0x4601 fasync_struct ``include/linux/fs.h`` FF_MAGIC 0x4646 fc_info ``drivers/net/iph5526_novram.c`` ISICOM_MAGIC 0x4d54 isi_port ``include/linux/isicom.h`` PTY_MAGIC 0x5001 ``drivers/char/pty.c`` PPP_MAGIC 0x5002 ppp ``include/linux/if_pppvar.h`` SSTATE_MAGIC 0x5302 serial_state ``include/linux/serial.h`` SLIP_MAGIC 0x5302 slip ``drivers/net/slip.h`` STRIP_MAGIC 0x5303 strip ``drivers/net/strip.c`` SIXPACK_MAGIC 0x5304 sixpack ``drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.h`` AX25_MAGIC 0x5316 ax_disp ``drivers/net/mkiss.h`` TTY_MAGIC 0x5401 tty_struct ``include/linux/tty.h`` MGSL_MAGIC 0x5401 mgsl_info ``drivers/char/synclink.c`` TTY_DRIVER_MAGIC 0x5402 tty_driver ``include/linux/tty_driver.h`` MGSLPC_MAGIC 0x5402 mgslpc_info ``drivers/char/pcmcia/synclink_cs.c`` TTY_LDISC_MAGIC 0x5403 tty_ldisc ``include/linux/tty_ldisc.h`` USB_SERIAL_MAGIC 0x6702 usb_serial ``drivers/usb/serial/usb-serial.h`` FULL_DUPLEX_MAGIC 0x6969 ``drivers/net/ethernet/dec/tulip/de2104x.c`` USB_BLUETOOTH_MAGIC 0x6d02 usb_bluetooth ``drivers/usb/class/bluetty.c`` RFCOMM_TTY_MAGIC 0x6d02 ``net/bluetooth/rfcomm/tty.c`` USB_SERIAL_PORT_MAGIC 0x7301 usb_serial_port ``drivers/usb/serial/usb-serial.h`` CG_MAGIC 0x00090255 ufs_cylinder_group ``include/linux/ufs_fs.h`` RPORT_MAGIC 0x00525001 r_port ``drivers/char/rocket_int.h`` LSEMAGIC 0x05091998 lse ``drivers/fc4/fc.c`` GDTIOCTL_MAGIC 0x06030f07 gdth_iowr_str ``drivers/scsi/gdth_ioctl.h`` RIEBL_MAGIC 0x09051990 ``drivers/net/atarilance.c`` NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC 0x12560953 nbd_request ``include/linux/nbd.h`` RED_MAGIC2 0x170fc2a5 (any) ``mm/slab.c`` BAYCOM_MAGIC 0x19730510 baycom_state ``drivers/net/baycom_epp.c`` ISDN_X25IFACE_MAGIC 0x1e75a2b9 isdn_x25iface_proto_data ``drivers/isdn/isdn_x25iface.h`` ECP_MAGIC 0x21504345 cdkecpsig ``include/linux/cdk.h`` LSOMAGIC 0x27091997 lso ``drivers/fc4/fc.c`` LSMAGIC 0x2a3b4d2a ls ``drivers/fc4/fc.c`` WANPIPE_MAGIC 0x414C4453 sdla_{dump,exec} ``include/linux/wanpipe.h`` CS_CARD_MAGIC 0x43525553 cs_card ``sound/oss/cs46xx.c`` LABELCL_MAGIC 0x4857434c labelcl_info_s ``include/asm/ia64/sn/labelcl.h`` ISDN_ASYNC_MAGIC 0x49344C01 modem_info ``include/linux/isdn.h`` CTC_ASYNC_MAGIC 0x49344C01 ctc_tty_info ``drivers/s390/net/ctctty.c`` ISDN_NET_MAGIC 0x49344C02 isdn_net_local_s ``drivers/isdn/i4l/isdn_net_lib.h`` SAVEKMSG_MAGIC2 0x4B4D5347 savekmsg ``arch/*/amiga/config.c`` CS_STATE_MAGIC 0x4c4f4749 cs_state ``sound/oss/cs46xx.c`` SLAB_C_MAGIC 0x4f17a36d kmem_cache ``mm/slab.c`` COW_MAGIC 0x4f4f4f4d cow_header_v1 ``arch/um/drivers/ubd_user.c`` I810_CARD_MAGIC 0x5072696E i810_card ``sound/oss/i810_audio.c`` TRIDENT_CARD_MAGIC 0x5072696E trident_card ``sound/oss/trident.c`` ROUTER_MAGIC 0x524d4157 wan_device [in ``wanrouter.h`` pre 3.9] SAVEKMSG_MAGIC1 0x53415645 savekmsg ``arch/*/amiga/config.c`` GDA_MAGIC 0x58464552 gda ``arch/mips/include/asm/sn/gda.h`` RED_MAGIC1 0x5a2cf071 (any) ``mm/slab.c`` EEPROM_MAGIC_VALUE 0x5ab478d2 lanai_dev ``drivers/atm/lanai.c`` HDLCDRV_MAGIC 0x5ac6e778 hdlcdrv_state ``include/linux/hdlcdrv.h`` PCXX_MAGIC 0x5c6df104 channel ``drivers/char/pcxx.h`` KV_MAGIC 0x5f4b565f kernel_vars_s ``arch/mips/include/asm/sn/klkernvars.h`` I810_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 i810_state ``sound/oss/i810_audio.c`` TRIDENT_STATE_MAGIC 0x63657373 trient_state ``sound/oss/trident.c`` M3_CARD_MAGIC 0x646e6f50 m3_card ``sound/oss/maestro3.c`` FW_HEADER_MAGIC 0x65726F66 fw_header ``drivers/atm/fore200e.h`` SLOT_MAGIC 0x67267321 slot ``drivers/hotplug/cpqphp.h`` SLOT_MAGIC 0x67267322 slot ``drivers/hotplug/acpiphp.h`` LO_MAGIC 0x68797548 nbd_device ``include/linux/nbd.h`` M3_STATE_MAGIC 0x734d724d m3_state ``sound/oss/maestro3.c`` VMALLOC_MAGIC 0x87654320 snd_alloc_track ``sound/core/memory.c`` KMALLOC_MAGIC 0x87654321 snd_alloc_track ``sound/core/memory.c`` PWC_MAGIC 0x89DC10AB pwc_device ``drivers/usb/media/pwc.h`` NBD_REPLY_MAGIC 0x96744668 nbd_reply ``include/linux/nbd.h`` ENI155_MAGIC 0xa54b872d midway_eprom ``drivers/atm/eni.h`` CODA_MAGIC 0xC0DAC0DA coda_file_info ``fs/coda/coda_fs_i.h`` DPMEM_MAGIC 0xc0ffee11 gdt_pci_sram ``drivers/scsi/gdth.h`` YAM_MAGIC 0xF10A7654 yam_port ``drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c`` CCB_MAGIC 0xf2691ad2 ccb ``drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c`` QUEUE_MAGIC_FREE 0xf7e1c9a3 queue_entry ``drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c`` QUEUE_MAGIC_USED 0xf7e1cc33 queue_entry ``drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c`` HTB_CMAGIC 0xFEFAFEF1 htb_class ``net/sched/sch_htb.c`` NMI_MAGIC 0x48414d4d455201 nmi_s ``arch/mips/include/asm/sn/nmi.h`` ===================== ================ ======================== ========================================== 请注意，在声音记忆管理中仍然有一些特殊的为每个驱动定义的魔术值。查看include/sound/sndmagic.h来获取他们完整的列表信息。很多OSS声音驱动拥有自己从声卡PCI ID构建的魔术值-他们也没有被列在这里。 IrDA子系统也使用了大量的自己的魔术值，查看include/net/irda/irda.h来获取他们完整的信息。 HFS是另外一个比较大的使用魔术值的文件系统-你可以在fs/hfs/hfs.h中找到他们。