docs/about/removed-features.rst

10 --------------------------------------
12 ``-hdachs`` (removed in 2.12)
15 The geometry defined by ``-hdachs c,h,s,t`` should now be specified via
16 ``-device ide-hd,drive=dr,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s,bios-chs-trans=t``
17 (together with ``-drive if=none,id=dr,...``).
19 ``-net channel`` (removed in 2.12)
22 This option has been replaced by ``-net user,guestfwd=...``.
24 ``-net dump`` (removed in 2.12)
27 ``-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=filename][,len=maxlen]`` has been replaced by
28 ``-object filter-dump,id=id,netdev=dev[,file=filename][,maxlen=maxlen]``.
31 ``-no-kvm-pit`` (removed in 2.12)
34 This was just a dummy option that has been ignored, since the in-kernel PIT
37 ``-M kernel_irqchip=split``.
39 ``-tdf`` (removed in 2.12)
42 There is no replacement, the ``-tdf`` option has just been ignored since the
43 behaviour that could be changed by this option in qemu-kvm is now the default
45 ``-global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=delay``.
47 ``-drive secs=s``, ``-drive heads=h`` & ``-drive cyls=c`` (removed in 3.0)
51 ``-device ...,drive=dr,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s`` (together with
52 ``-drive if=none,id=dr,...``).
54 ``-drive serial=``, ``-drive trans=`` & ``-drive addr=`` (removed in 3.0)
57 Use ``-device ...,drive=dr,serial=r,bios-chs-trans=t,addr=a`` instead
58 (together with ``-drive if=none,id=dr,...``).
60 ``-net ...,vlan=x`` (removed in 3.0)
66 use ``-nic ...`` (e.g. for on-board NICs) or use ``-netdev ...,id=n`` together
67 with ``-device ...,netdev=n`` (for full control over pluggable NICs). To
69 vlan did), use ``-nic hubport,hubid=x,...`` or
70 ``-netdev hubport,id=n,hubid=x,...`` (with ``-device ...,netdev=n``) instead.
72 ``-no-kvm-irqchip`` (removed in 3.0)
75 Use ``-machine kernel_irqchip=off`` instead.
77 ``-no-kvm-pit-reinjection`` (removed in 3.0)
80 Use ``-global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=discard`` instead.
82 ``-balloon`` (removed in 3.1)
85 The ``-balloon virtio`` option has been replaced by ``-device virtio-balloon``.
86 The ``-balloon none`` option was a no-op and has no replacement.
88 ``-bootp`` (removed in 3.1)
91 The ``-bootp /some/file`` argument is replaced by either
92 ``-netdev user,id=x,bootp=/some/file`` (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with
93 ``-device ...,netdev=x``), or ``-nic user,bootp=/some/file`` (for on-board NICs).
96 ``-redir`` (removed in 3.1)
99 The ``-redir [tcp|udp]:hostport:[guestaddr]:guestport`` option is replaced
100 by either ``-netdev
101 user,id=x,hostfwd=[tcp|udp]:[hostaddr]:hostport-[guestaddr]:guestport``
102 (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with ``-device ...,netdev=x``) or by the option
103 ``-nic user,hostfwd=[tcp|udp]:[hostaddr]:hostport-[guestaddr]:guestport``
104 (for on-board NICs). The new syntax allows different settings to be provided
107 ``-smb`` (removed in 3.1)
110 The ``-smb /some/dir`` argument is replaced by either
111 ``-netdev user,id=x,smb=/some/dir`` (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with
112 ``-device ...,netdev=x``), or ``-nic user,smb=/some/dir`` (for on-board NICs).
115 ``-tftp`` (removed in 3.1)
118 The ``-tftp /some/dir`` argument is replaced by either
119 ``-netdev user,id=x,tftp=/some/dir`` (for pluggable NICs, accompanied with
120 ``-device ...,netdev=x``), or ``-nic user,tftp=/some/dir`` (for embedded NICs).
123 ``-localtime`` (removed in 3.1)
126 Replaced by ``-rtc base=localtime``.
128 ``-nodefconfig`` (removed in 3.1)
131 Use ``-no-user-config`` instead.
133 ``-rtc-td-hack`` (removed in 3.1)
136 Use ``-rtc driftfix=slew`` instead.
138 ``-startdate`` (removed in 3.1)
141 Replaced by ``-rtc base=date``.
143 ``-vnc ...,tls=...``, ``-vnc ...,x509=...`` & ``-vnc ...,x509verify=...`` (removed in 3.1)
146 The "tls-creds" option should be used instead to point to a "tls-creds-x509"
147 object created using "-object".
149 ``-mem-path`` fallback to RAM (removed in 5.0)
152 If guest RAM allocation from file pointed by ``mem-path`` failed,
156 specified with ``-mem-path`` can actually provide the guest RAM configured with
157 ``-m`` and QEMU fails to start up if RAM allocation is unsuccessful.
159 ``-net ...,name=...`` (removed in 5.1)
162 The ``name`` parameter of the ``-net`` option was a synonym
165 ``-numa node,mem=...`` (removed in 5.1)
168 The parameter ``mem`` of ``-numa node`` was used to assign a part of guest RAM
176 with *memory-backend-ram* backend as replacement for parameter ``mem``
178 *memory-backend-file* backend to actually benefit from NUMA configuration.
181 option is supported by looking at MachineInfo::numa-mem-supported property.
183 ``-numa`` node (without memory specified) (removed in 5.2)
189 Use ``memdev`` with *memory-backend-ram* backend or ``mem`` (if
192 configure it explicitly using ``-numa node,memdev`` options. Current RAM
194 memory devices (pc|nv-dimm) are present use ``info memory-device`` and subtract
197 ``-smp`` (invalid topologies) (removed in 5.2)
207 topologies described with -smp include all possible cpus, i.e.
210 ``-machine enforce-config-section=on|off`` (removed in 5.2)
213 The ``enforce-config-section`` property was replaced by the
214 ``-global migration.send-configuration={on|off}`` option.
216 ``-no-kvm`` (removed in 5.2)
219 The ``-no-kvm`` argument was a synonym for setting ``-machine accel=tcg``.
221 ``-realtime`` (removed in 6.0)
224 The ``-realtime mlock=on|off`` argument has been replaced by the
225 ``-overcommit mem-lock=on|off`` argument.
227 ``-show-cursor`` option (removed in 6.0)
230 Use ``-display sdl,show-cursor=on``, ``-display gtk,show-cursor=on``
231 or ``-display default,show-cursor=on`` instead.
233 ``-tb-size`` option (removed in 6.0)
237 block cache, ``-accel tcg,tb-size=``.
239 ``-usbdevice audio`` (removed in 6.0)
243 Use ``-device usb-audio`` now instead (and specify a corresponding USB
244 host controller or ``-usb`` if necessary).
246 ``-vnc acl`` (removed in 6.0)
249 The ``acl`` option to the ``-vnc`` argument has been replaced
250 by the ``tls-authz`` and ``sasl-authz`` options.
252 ``-mon ...,control=readline,pretty=on|off`` (removed in 6.0)
258 ``-drive file=json:{...{'driver':'file'}}`` (removed in 6.0)
268 Use ``-device floppy,...`` instead.  When configuring onboard floppy
272     -global isa-fdc.driveA=...
273     -global sysbus-fdc.driveA=...
274     -global SUNW,fdtwo.drive=...
279     -device floppy,unit=0,drive=...
284     -global isa-fdc.driveB=...
285     -global sysbus-fdc.driveB=...
290     -device floppy,unit=1,drive=...
295     -device isa-fdc,...,driveA=...
300     -device isa-fdc,...
301     -device floppy,unit=0,drive=...
306     -device isa-fdc,...,driveB=...
311     -device isa-fdc,...
312     -device floppy,unit=1,drive=...
314 ``-drive`` with bogus interface type (removed in 6.0)
319 -device.  Use ``if=none`` instead.
321 ``-usbdevice ccid`` (removed in 6.0)
325 Use ``-device usb-ccid`` instead.
327 RISC-V firmware not booted by default (removed in 5.1)
330 QEMU 5.1 changes the default behaviour from ``-bios none`` to ``-bios default``
331 for the RISC-V ``virt`` machine and ``sifive_u`` machine.
333 ``-no-quit`` (removed in 7.0)
336 The ``-no-quit`` was a synonym for ``-display ...,window-close=off`` which
339 ``--enable-fips`` (removed in 7.1)
348 Neither the ``nettle`` library, or the built-in cryptography provider are
351 ``-writeconfig`` (removed in 7.1)
354 The ``-writeconfig`` option was not able to serialize the entire contents
361 The ``loaded=on`` option in the command line or QMP ``object-add`` either had
366 ``opened`` property of ``rng-*`` objects (removed in 7.1)
369 The ``opened=on`` option in the command line or QMP ``object-add`` either had
373 ``-display sdl,window_close=...`` (removed in 7.1)
376 Use ``-display sdl,window-close=...`` instead (i.e. with a minus instead of
379 ``-alt-grab`` and ``-display sdl,alt_grab=on`` (removed in 7.1)
382 Use ``-display sdl,grab-mod=lshift-lctrl-lalt`` instead.
384 ``-ctrl-grab`` and ``-display sdl,ctrl_grab=on`` (removed in 7.1)
387 Use ``-display sdl,grab-mod=rctrl`` instead.
389 ``-sdl`` (removed in 7.1)
392 Use ``-display sdl`` instead.
394 ``-curses`` (removed in 7.1)
397 Use ``-display curses`` instead.
399 Creating sound card devices using ``-soundhw`` (removed in 7.1)
402 Sound card devices should be created using ``-device`` or ``-audio``.
403 The exception is ``pcspk`` which can be activated using ``-machine
404 pcspk-audiodev=<name>``.
406 ``-watchdog`` (since 7.2)
409 Use ``-device`` instead.
419 ``-chardev`` backend aliases ``tty`` and ``parport`` (removed in 8.0)
425 ``-drive if=none`` for the sifive_u OTP device (removed in 8.0)
428 Use ``-drive if=pflash`` to configure the OTP device of the sifive_u
429 RISC-V machine instead.
431 ``-spice password=string`` (removed in 8.0)
435 the process listing. This was replaced by the new ``password-secret``
439 ``QEMU_AUDIO_`` environment variables and ``-audio-help`` (removed in 8.2)
442 The ``-audiodev`` and ``-audio`` command line options are now the only
445 Using ``-audiodev`` to define the default audio backend (removed in 8.2)
449 first ``-audiodev`` command line option as a fallback.  Starting with
450 version 8.2, audio backends created with ``-audiodev`` will only be
454 In order to configure a default audio backend, use the ``-audio``
461 line if the ``-nodefaults`` options is used.
463 ``-no-hpet`` (removed in 9.0)
467 Use ``-machine hpet=off`` instead.
469 ``-no-acpi`` (removed in 9.0)
472 The ``-no-acpi`` setting has been turned into a machine property.
473 Use ``-machine acpi=off`` instead.
475 ``-async-teardown`` (removed in 9.0)
478 Use ``-run-with async-teardown=on`` instead.
480 ``-chroot`` (removed in 9.0)
483 Use ``-run-with chroot=dir`` instead.
485 ``-singlestep`` (removed in 9.0)
488 The ``-singlestep`` option has been turned into an accelerator property,
490 Use ``-accel tcg,one-insn-per-tb=on`` instead.
492 ``-smp`` ("parameter=0" SMP configurations) (removed in 9.0)
503 cause unexpected results in the -smp parsing. So support for this kind of
504 configurations (e.g. -smp 8,sockets=0) is removed since 9.0, users have
505 to ensure that all the topology members described with -smp are greater
508 ``-global migration.decompress-error-check`` (removed in 9.1)
513 ``-device virtio-blk,scsi=on|off`` (since 9.1)
516 The virtio-blk SCSI passthrough feature is a legacy VIRTIO feature.  VIRTIO 1.0
517 and later do not support it because the virtio-scsi device was introduced for
518 full SCSI support.  Use virtio-scsi instead when SCSI passthrough is required.
520 ``-fsdev proxy`` and ``-virtfs proxy`` (since 9.2)
525 server (QEMU process) over to a separate process (the virtfs-proxy-helper
527 didn't see any development in years, and showed to be less secure,
535 ``-portrait`` and ``-rotate`` (since 9.2)
538 The ``-portrait`` and ``-rotate`` options were documented as only
551 Of these three things, the input-rotation was coded without being
552 restricted to boards which supported the full set of device-rotation
558 User-mode emulator command line arguments
559 -----------------------------------------
561 ``-singlestep`` (removed in 9.0)
564 The ``-singlestep`` option has been given a name that better reflects
565 what it actually does. For both linux-user and bsd-user, use the
566 ``-one-insn-per-tb`` option instead.
570 ------------------------------------
572 ``block-dirty-bitmap-add`` "autoload" parameter (removed in 4.2)
578 ``cpu-add`` (removed in 5.2)
581 Use ``device_add`` for hotplugging vCPUs instead of ``cpu-add``.  See
582 documentation of ``query-hotpluggable-cpus`` for additional details.
587 Use ``blockdev-change-medium`` or ``change-vnc-password`` or
588 ``display-update`` instead.
590 ``query-events`` (removed in 6.0)
593 The ``query-events`` command has been superseded by the more powerful
594 and accurate ``query-qmp-schema`` command.
596 ``migrate_set_cache_size`` and ``query-migrate-cache-size`` (removed in 6.0)
606 ``query-cpus`` (removed in 6.0)
609 The ``query-cpus`` command is replaced by the ``query-cpus-fast`` command.
611 ``query-cpus-fast`` ``arch`` output member (removed in 6.0)
614 The ``arch`` output member of the ``query-cpus-fast`` command is
623 ``query-named-block-nodes`` result ``encryption_key_missing`` (removed in 6.0)
628 ``query-block`` result ``inserted.encryption_key_missing`` (removed in 6.0)
633 ``query-named-block-nodes`` and ``query-block`` result dirty-bitmaps[i].status (removed in 6.0)
640 ``query-block`` result field ``dirty-bitmaps`` (removed in 6.0)
643 The ``dirty-bitmaps`` field of the ``BlockInfo`` structure, returned by
644 the query-block command is itself now removed. The ``dirty-bitmaps``
646 type of the ``inserted`` field in query-block replies, as well as the
647 type of array items in query-named-block-nodes.
649 ``object-add`` option ``props`` (removed in 6.0)
652 Specify the properties for the object as top-level arguments instead.
654 ``query-sgx`` return value member ``section-size`` (removed in 8.0)
657 Member ``section-size`` in the return value of ``query-sgx``
661 ``query-sgx-capabilities`` return value member ``section-size`` (removed in 8.0)
664 Member ``section-size`` in the return value of ``query-sgx-capabilities``
667 ``query-migrate`` return value member ``skipped`` (removed in 9.1)
676 Use blockdev-mirror with NBD instead. See "QMP invocation for live
677 storage migration with ``blockdev-mirror`` + NBD" in
678 docs/interop/live-block-operations.rst for a detailed explanation.
683 Use blockdev-mirror with NBD instead. See "QMP invocation for live
684 storage migration with ``blockdev-mirror`` + NBD" in
685 docs/interop/live-block-operations.rst for a detailed explanation.
687 ``migrate-set-capabilities`` ``block`` option (removed in 9.1)
691 invocation for live storage migration with ``blockdev-mirror`` + NBD"
692 in docs/interop/live-block-operations.rst.
694 ``migrate-set-parameter`` ``compress-level`` option (removed in 9.1)
697 Use ``multifd-zlib-level`` or ``multifd-zstd-level`` instead.
699 ``migrate-set-parameter`` ``compress-threads`` option (removed in 9.1)
702 Use ``multifd-channels`` instead.
704 ``migrate-set-parameter`` ``compress-wait-thread`` option (removed in 9.1)
709 ``migrate-set-parameter`` ``decompress-threads`` option (removed in 9.1)
712 Use ``multifd-channels`` instead.
714 ``migrate-set-capability`` ``compress`` option (removed in 9.1)
717 Use ``multifd-compression`` instead.
720 ----------------------------------
730 The ability to instrument QEMU helper functions with vCPU-aware trace
735 -------------------------------------
754 ``cpu-add`` (removed in 5.2)
757 Use ``device_add`` for hotplugging vCPUs instead of ``cpu-add``.  See
758 documentation of ``query-hotpluggable-cpus`` for additional details.
773 ``migrate-set-cache-size`` and ``info migrate-cache-size`` (removed in 6.0)
776 Use ``migrate-set-parameters`` and ``info migrate-parameters`` instead.
781 Use ``migrate-set-parameters`` instead.
791 The ``singlestep`` command has been replaced by the ``one-insn-per-tb``
794 ``migrate`` command ``-i`` option (removed in 9.1)
797 Use blockdev-mirror with NBD instead. See "QMP invocation for live
798 storage migration with ``blockdev-mirror`` + NBD" in
799 docs/interop/live-block-operations.rst for a detailed explanation.
801 ``migrate`` command ``-b`` option (removed in 9.1)
804 Use blockdev-mirror with NBD instead. See "QMP invocation for live
805 storage migration with ``blockdev-mirror`` + NBD" in
806 docs/interop/live-block-operations.rst for a detailed explanation.
812 invocation for live storage migration with ``blockdev-mirror`` + NBD"
813 in docs/interop/live-block-operations.rst.
815 ``migrate_set_parameter`` ``compress-level`` option (removed in 9.1)
818 Use ``multifd-zlib-level`` or ``multifd-zstd-level`` instead.
820 ``migrate_set_parameter`` ``compress-threads`` option (removed in 9.1)
823 Use ``multifd-channels`` instead.
825 ``migrate_set_parameter`` ``compress-wait-thread`` option (removed in 9.1)
830 ``migrate_set_parameter`` ``decompress-threads`` option (removed in 9.1)
833 Use ``multifd-channels`` instead.
838 Use ``multifd-compression`` instead.
841 ------------------
843 System emulation on 32-bit Windows hosts (removed in 9.0)
846 Windows 11 has no support for 32-bit host installs, and Windows 10 did
847 not support new 32-bit installs, only upgrades. 32-bit Windows support
849 and dropping support for 32-bit x86 host deployments in
850 general. 32-bit Windows is therefore no longer a supported host for
852 capable of the 64-bit x86 extensions, a corresponding 64-bit OS should
856 -------------------
858 RISC-V ISA privilege specification version 1.09.1 (removed in 5.1)
861 The RISC-V ISA privilege specification version 1.09.1 has been removed.
866 --------------------
868 KVM guest support on 32-bit Arm hosts (removed in 5.2)
871 The Linux kernel has dropped support for allowing 32-bit Arm systems
873 as well.  Running 32-bit guests on a 64-bit Arm host remains supported.
875 RISC-V ISA Specific CPUs (removed in 5.1)
878 The RISC-V cpus with the ISA version in the CPU name have been removed. The
879 four CPUs are: ``rv32gcsu-v1.9.1``, ``rv32gcsu-v1.10.0``, ``rv64gcsu-v1.9.1`` and
880 ``rv64gcsu-v1.10.0``. Instead the version can be specified via the CPU ``priv_spec``
883 RISC-V no MMU CPUs (removed in 5.1)
886 The RISC-V no MMU cpus have been removed. The two CPUs: ``rv32imacu-nommu`` and
887 ``rv64imacu-nommu`` can no longer be used. Instead the MMU status can be specified
890 RISC-V 'any' CPU type ``-cpu any`` (removed in 9.2)
894 initial RISC-V QEMU port. Its usage was always been unclear: users don't know
901 The ``max-cpu-compat`` property of the ``pseries`` machine type should be used
925 x86 ``Icelake-Client`` CPU (removed in 7.1)
929 Use ``Icelake-Server`` instead.
942 ``check-tcg`` tests.
945 -------------------
950 ``-M kernel-irqchip=off`` cannot be used on KVM if the CPU model includes
951 a local APIC.  The ``split`` setting is supported, as is using ``-M
952 kernel-irqchip=off`` when the CPU does not have a local APIC.
954 HAXM (``-accel hax``) (removed in 8.2)
960 MIPS "Trap-and-Emulate" KVM support (removed in 8.0)
963 The MIPS "Trap-and-Emulate" KVM host and guest support was removed
967 ------------------------
969 ``s390-virtio`` (removed in 2.6)
972 Use the ``s390-ccw-virtio`` machine instead.
979 ``xlnx-ep108`` (removed in 3.0)
983 Use the ``xlnx-zcu102`` machine instead.
989 generic ``spike`` machine. If you need to specify an older version of the RISC-V
990 spec you can use the ``-cpu rv64gcsu,priv_spec=v1.10.0`` command line argument.
1003 ``pc-0.10`` up to ``pc-i440fx-2.3`` (removed in 4.0 up to 9.0)
1016 Aspeed ``swift-bmc`` machine (removed in 7.0)
1020 OpenPOWER machines are ``witherspoon-bmc`` and ``romulus-bmc``.
1022 Aspeed ``tacoma-bmc`` machine (removed in 10.0)
1025 The ``tacoma-bmc`` machine was removed because it didn't bring much
1026 compared to the ``rainier-bmc`` machine. Also, the ``tacoma-bmc`` was
1028 labs. It can be easily replaced by the ``rainier-bmc`` machine, which
1029 was the actual final product, or by the ``ast2600-evb`` with some
1038 Nios II ``10m50-ghrd`` and ``nios2-generic-nommu`` machines (removed in 9.1)
1062 linux-user mode CPUs
1063 --------------------
1069 only implemented in linux-user mode, but support for this CPU was removed from
1088 --------------------------
1090 TCG trace-events (removed in 7.0)
1096 converting to using TCG plugins they should contact the qemu-devel
1101 -----------------------
1103 ``spapr-pci-vfio-host-bridge`` (removed in 2.12)
1106 The ``spapr-pci-vfio-host-bridge`` device type has been replaced by the
1107 ``spapr-pci-host-bridge`` device type.
1112 Replaced by either the ``ivshmem-plain`` or ``ivshmem-doorbell``.
1114 ``ide-drive`` (removed in 6.0)
1117 The 'ide-drive' device has been removed. Users should use 'ide-hd' or
1118 'ide-cd' as appropriate to get an IDE hard disk or CD-ROM as needed.
1120 ``scsi-disk`` (removed in 6.0)
1123 The 'scsi-disk' device has been removed. Users should use 'scsi-hd' or
1124 'scsi-cd' as appropriate to get a SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM as needed.
1133 by using ``-machine graphics=off``.
1141 ----------------
1143 ``qemu-nbd --partition`` (removed in 5.0)
1146 The ``qemu-nbd --partition $digit`` code (also spelled ``-P``)
1149 done by utilizing the ``--image-opts`` option with a raw blockdev
1154   qemu-nbd -t -P 1 -f qcow2 file.qcow2
1158 …qemu-nbd -t --image-opts driver=raw,offset=1M,size=100M,file.driver=qcow2,file.file.driver=file,fi…
1160 ``qemu-img convert -n -o`` (removed in 5.1)
1163 All options specified in ``-o`` are image creation options, so
1164 they are now rejected when used with ``-n`` to skip image creation.
1167 ``qemu-img create -b bad file $size`` (removed in 5.1)
1171 ``qemu-img create`` used to issue a warning about the failure but
1173 However, as the ``-u`` option exists for this purpose, it is safer to
1176 error when ``-u`` is not used.
1178 ``qemu-img amend`` to adjust backing file (removed in 6.1)
1181 The use of ``qemu-img amend`` to modify the name or format of a qcow2
1186 backing chain should be performed with ``qemu-img rebase -u`` either
1190 ``qemu-img`` backing file without format (removed in 6.1)
1193 The use of ``qemu-img create``, ``qemu-img rebase``, or ``qemu-img
1199 probe sees a non-raw image based on guest writes.
1201 To avoid creating unsafe backing chains, you must pass ``-o
1202 backing_fmt=`` (or the shorthand ``-F`` during create) to specify the
1203 intended backing format.  You may use ``qemu-img rebase -u`` to
1206 ``qemu-img info`` to probe the format of an untrusted backing image,
1210 -------------
1225 -----
1231 ``https://gitlab.com/virtio-fs/virtiofsd``; this has been
1237 ----------------
1239 ``--blacklist`` command line option (removed in 9.1)
1242 ``--blacklist`` has been replaced by ``--block-rpcs`` (which is a better
1243 wording for what this option does). The short form ``-b`` still stays
1250 The ``blacklist`` config file option has been renamed to ``block-rpcs``
1254 …tel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/781327/intel-is-discontinuing-ip-ordering-codes-listed-i…