block: reduce stack footprint of blk_recount_segments()

blk_recalc_rq_segments() requires a request structure passed in, which
we don't have from blk_recount_segments(). So the latter al

block: reduce stack footprint of blk_recount_segments()

blk_recalc_rq_segments() requires a request structure passed in, which
we don't have from blk_recount_segments(). So the latter allocates one on
the stack, using > 400 bytes of stack for that. This can cause us to spill
over one page of stack from ext4 at least:

0) 4560 400 blk_recount_segments+0x43/0x62
1) 4160 32 bio_phys_segments+0x1c/0x24
2) 4128 32 blk_rq_bio_prep+0x2a/0xf9
3) 4096 32 init_request_from_bio+0xf9/0xfe
4) 4064 112 __make_request+0x33c/0x3f6
5) 3952 144 generic_make_request+0x2d1/0x321
6) 3808 64 submit_bio+0xb9/0xc3
7) 3744 48 submit_bh+0xea/0x10e
8) 3696 368 ext4_mb_init_cache+0x257/0xa6a [ext4]
9) 3328 288 ext4_mb_regular_allocator+0x421/0xcd9 [ext4]
10) 3040 160 ext4_mb_new_blocks+0x211/0x4b4 [ext4]
11) 2880 336 ext4_ext_get_blocks+0xb61/0xd45 [ext4]
12) 2544 96 ext4_get_blocks_wrap+0xf2/0x200 [ext4]
13) 2448 80 ext4_da_get_block_write+0x6e/0x16b [ext4]
14) 2368 352 mpage_da_map_blocks+0x7e/0x4b3 [ext4]
15) 2016 352 ext4_da_writepages+0x2ce/0x43c [ext4]
16) 1664 32 do_writepages+0x2d/0x3c
17) 1632 144 __writeback_single_inode+0x162/0x2cd
18) 1488 96 generic_sync_sb_inodes+0x1e3/0x32b
19) 1392 16 sync_sb_inodes+0xe/0x10
20) 1376 48 writeback_inodes+0x69/0xb3
21) 1328 208 balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited_nr+0x187/0x2f9
22) 1120 224 generic_file_buffered_write+0x1d4/0x2c4
23) 896 176 __generic_file_aio_write_nolock+0x35f/0x393
24) 720 80 generic_file_aio_write+0x6c/0xc8
25) 640 80 ext4_file_write+0xa9/0x137 [ext4]
26) 560 320 do_sync_write+0xf0/0x137
27) 240 48 vfs_write+0xb3/0x13c
28) 192 64 sys_write+0x4c/0x74
29) 128 128 system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b

Split the segment counting out into a __blk_recalc_rq_segments() helper
to avoid allocating an onstack request just for checking the physical
segment count.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: remove unused ll_new_mergeable()

Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

block: fix nr_phys_segments miscalculation bug

This fixes the bug reported by Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>:

http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/10/2/203

The root cause of t

block: fix nr_phys_segments miscalculation bug

This fixes the bug reported by Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>:

http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/10/2/203

The root cause of the bug is that blk_phys_contig_segment
miscalculates q->max_segment_size.

blk_phys_contig_segment checks:

req->biotail->bi_size + next_req->bio->bi_size > q->max_segment_size

But blk_recalc_rq_segments might expect that req->biotail and the
previous bio in the req are supposed be merged into one
segment. blk_recalc_rq_segments might also expect that next_req->bio
and the next bio in the next_req are supposed be merged into one
segment. In such case, we merge two requests that can't be merged
here. Later, blk_rq_map_sg gives more segments than it should.

We need to keep track of segment size in blk_recalc_rq_segments and
use it to see if two requests can be merged. This patch implements it
in the similar way that we used to do for hw merging (virtual
merging).

Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: inherit CPU completion on bio->rq and rq->rq merges

Somewhat incomplete, as we do allow merges of requests and bios
that have different completion CPUs given. This is done on the

block: inherit CPU completion on bio->rq and rq->rq merges

Somewhat incomplete, as we do allow merges of requests and bios
that have different completion CPUs given. This is done on the
assumption that a larger IO is still more beneficial than CPU
locality.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: move stats from disk to part0

Move stats related fields - stamp, in_flight, dkstats - from disk to
part0 and unify stat handling such that...

* part_stat_*() now updates

block: move stats from disk to part0

Move stats related fields - stamp, in_flight, dkstats - from disk to
part0 and unify stat handling such that...

* part_stat_*() now updates part0 together if the specified partition
is not part0. ie. part_stat_*() are now essentially all_stat_*().

* {disk|all}_stat_*() are gone.

* part_round_stats() is updated similary. It handles part0 stats
automatically and disk_round_stats() is killed.

* part_{inc|dec}_in_fligh() is implemented which automatically updates
part0 stats for parts other than part0.

* disk_map_sector_rcu() is updated to return part0 if no part matches.
Combined with the above changes, this makes NULL special case
handling in callers unnecessary.

* Separate stats show code paths for disk are collapsed into part
stats show code paths.

* Rename disk_stat_lock/unlock() to part_stat_lock/unlock()

While at it, reposition stat handling macros a bit and add missing
parentheses around macro parameters.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: fix diskstats access

There are two variants of stat functions - ones prefixed with double
underbars which don't care about preemption and ones without which
disable preemption

block: fix diskstats access

There are two variants of stat functions - ones prefixed with double
underbars which don't care about preemption and ones without which
disable preemption before manipulating per-cpu counters. It's unclear
whether the underbarred ones assume that preemtion is disabled on
entry as some callers don't do that.

This patch unifies diskstats access by implementing disk_stat_lock()
and disk_stat_unlock() which take care of both RCU (for partition
access) and preemption (for per-cpu counter access). diskstats access
should always be enclosed between the two functions. As such, there's
no need for the versions which disables preemption. They're removed
and double underbars ones are renamed to drop the underbars. As an
extra argument is added, there's no danger of using the old version
unconverted.

disk_stat_lock() uses get_cpu() and returns the cpu index and all
diskstat functions which access per-cpu counters now has @cpu
argument to help RT.

This change adds RCU or preemption operations at some places but also
collapses several preemption ops into one at others. Overall, the
performance difference should be negligible as all involved ops are
very lightweight per-cpu ones.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: fix disk->part[] dereferencing race

disk->part[] is protected by its matching bdev's lock. However,
non-critical accesses like collecting stats and printing out sysfs and
pro

block: fix disk->part[] dereferencing race

disk->part[] is protected by its matching bdev's lock. However,
non-critical accesses like collecting stats and printing out sysfs and
proc information used to be performed without any locking. As
partitions can come and go dynamically, partitions can go away
underneath those non-critical accesses. As some of those accesses are
writes, this theoretically can lead to silent corruption.

This patch fixes the race by using RCU for the partition array and dev
reference counter to hold partitions.

* Rename disk->part[] to disk->__part[] to make sure no one outside
genhd layer proper accesses it directly.

* Use RCU for disk->__part[] dereferencing.

* Implement disk_{get|put}_part() which can be used to get and put
partitions from gendisk respectively.

* Iterators are implemented to help iterate through all partitions
safely.

* Functions which require RCU readlock are marked with _rcu suffix.

* Use disk_put_part() in __blkdev_put() instead of directly putting
the contained kobject.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: misc updates

This patch makes the following misc updates in preparation for
disk->part dereference fix and extended block devt support.

* implment part_to_disk()

block: misc updates

This patch makes the following misc updates in preparation for
disk->part dereference fix and extended block devt support.

* implment part_to_disk()

* fix comment about gendisk->part indexing

* rename get_part() to disk_map_sector()

* don't use n which is always zero while printing disk information in
diskstats_show()

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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drop vmerge accounting

Remove hw_segments field from struct bio and struct request. Without virtual
merge accounting they have no purpose.

Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatoc

drop vmerge accounting

Remove hw_segments field from struct bio and struct request. Without virtual
merge accounting they have no purpose.

Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: drop virtual merging accounting

Remove virtual merge accounting.

Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Allow elevators to sort/merge discard requests

But blkdev_issue_discard() still emits requests which are interpreted as
soft barriers, because naïve callers might otherwise issue subsequ

Allow elevators to sort/merge discard requests

But blkdev_issue_discard() still emits requests which are interpreted as
soft barriers, because naïve callers might otherwise issue subsequent
writes to those same sectors, which might cross on the queue (if they're
reallocated quickly enough).

Callers still _can_ issue non-barrier discard requests, but they have to
take care of queue ordering for themselves.

Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: Block layer data integrity support

Some block devices support verifying the integrity of requests by way
of checksums or other protection information that is submitted along
w

block: Block layer data integrity support

Some block devices support verifying the integrity of requests by way
of checksums or other protection information that is submitted along
with the I/O.

This patch implements support for generating and verifying integrity
metadata, as well as correctly merging, splitting and cloning bios and
requests that have this extra information attached.

See Documentation/block/data-integrity.txt for more information.

Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: get rid of likely/unlikely predictions in merge logic

They tend to depend a lot on the workload, so not a clear-cut
likely or unlikely fit.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jen

block: get rid of likely/unlikely predictions in merge logic

They tend to depend a lot on the workload, so not a clear-cut
likely or unlikely fit.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: make queue flags non-atomic

We can save some atomic ops in the IO path, if we clearly define
the rules of how to modify the queue flags.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.a

block: make queue flags non-atomic

We can save some atomic ops in the IO path, if we clearly define
the rules of how to modify the queue flags.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: move the padding adjustment to blk_rq_map_sg

blk_rq_map_user adjusts bi_size of the last bio. It breaks the rule
that req->data_len (the true data length) is equal to sum(bio). It

block: move the padding adjustment to blk_rq_map_sg

blk_rq_map_user adjusts bi_size of the last bio. It breaks the rule
that req->data_len (the true data length) is equal to sum(bio). It
broke the scsi command completion code.

commit e97a294ef6938512b655b1abf17656cf2b26f709 was introduced to fix
the above issue. However, the partial completion code doesn't work
with it. The commit is also a layer violation (scsi mid-layer should
not know about the block layer's padding).

This patch moves the padding adjustment to blk_rq_map_sg (suggested by
James). The padding works like the drain buffer. This patch breaks the
rule that req->data_len is equal to sum(sg), however, the drain buffer
already broke it. So this patch just restores the rule that
req->data_len is equal to sub(bio) without breaking anything new.

Now when a low level driver needs padding, blk_rq_map_user and
blk_rq_map_user_iov guarantee there's enough room for padding.
blk_rq_map_sg can safely extend the last entry of a scatter list.

blk_rq_map_sg must extend the last entry of a scatter list only for a
request that got through bio_copy_user_iov. This patches introduces
new REQ_COPY_USER flag.

Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: restore the meaning of rq->data_len to the true data length

The meaning of rq->data_len was changed to the length of an allocated
buffer from the true data length. It breaks SG_IO

block: restore the meaning of rq->data_len to the true data length

The meaning of rq->data_len was changed to the length of an allocated
buffer from the true data length. It breaks SG_IO friends and
bsg. This patch restores the meaning of rq->data_len to the true data
length and adds rq->extra_len to store an extended length (due to
drain buffer and padding).

This patch also removes the code to update bio in blk_rq_map_user
introduced by the commit 40b01b9bbdf51ae543a04744283bf2d56c4a6afa.
The commit adjusts bio according to memory alignment
(queue_dma_alignment). However, memory alignment is NOT padding
alignment. This adjustment also breaks SG_IO friends and bsg. Padding
alignment needs to be fixed in a proper way (by a separate patch).

Signed-off-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@carl.home.kernel.dk>

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block: clear drain buffer if draining for write command

Clear drain buffer before chaining if the command in question is a
write.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>

block: clear drain buffer if draining for write command

Clear drain buffer before chaining if the command in question is a
write.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

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block: implement request_queue->dma_drain_needed

Draining shouldn't be done for commands where overflow may indicate
data integrity issues. Add dma_drain_needed callback to
request_

block: implement request_queue->dma_drain_needed

Draining shouldn't be done for commands where overflow may indicate
data integrity issues. Add dma_drain_needed callback to
request_queue. Drain buffer is appened iff this function returns
non-zero.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: add request->raw_data_len

With padding and draining moved into it, block layer now may extend
requests as directed by queue parameters, so now a request has two
sizes - the or

block: add request->raw_data_len

With padding and draining moved into it, block layer now may extend
requests as directed by queue parameters, so now a request has two
sizes - the original request size and the extended size which matches
the size of area pointed to by bios and later by sgs. The latter size
is what lower layers are primarily interested in when allocating,
filling up DMA tables and setting up the controller.

Both padding and draining extend the data area to accomodate
controller characteristics. As any controller which speaks SCSI can
handle underflows, feeding larger data area is safe.

So, this patch makes the primary data length field, request->data_len,
indicate the size of full data area and add a separate length field,
request->raw_data_len, for the unmodified request size. The latter is
used to report to higher layer (userland) and where the original
request size should be fed to the controller or device.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

Enhanced partition statistics: update partition statitics

Updates the enhanced partition statistics in generic block layer
besides the disk statistics.

Signed-off-by: Jerome Mar

Enhanced partition statistics: update partition statitics

Updates the enhanced partition statistics in generic block layer
besides the disk statistics.

Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

show more ...

block: make core bits checkpatch compliant

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

block: ll_rw_blk.c split, add blk-merge.c

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>