Documentation: /proc/loadavg: add 3 more field descriptions

Update contents of /proc/loadavg: add 3 more fields.

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Li

Documentation: /proc/loadavg: add 3 more field descriptions

Update contents of /proc/loadavg: add 3 more fields.

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/fe55b139-bd03-4762-199b-83be873cf7dd@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

proc: provide details on indirect branch speculation

Similar to speculation store bypass, show information about the indirect
branch speculation mode of a task in /proc/$pid/status.

For testing/ben

proc: provide details on indirect branch speculation

Similar to speculation store bypass, show information about the indirect
branch speculation mode of a task in /proc/$pid/status.

For testing/benchmarking, I needed to see whether IB (Indirect Branch)
speculation (see Spectre-v2) is enabled on a task, to see whether an
IBPB instruction should be executed on an address space switch.
Unfortunately, this information isn't available anywhere else and
currently the only way to get it is to hack the kernel to expose it
(like this change). It also helped expose a bug with conditional IB
speculation on certain CPUs.

Another place this could be useful is to audit the system when using
sanboxing. With this change, I can confirm that seccomp-enabled
process have IB speculation force disabled as expected when the kernel
command line parameter `spectre_v2_user=seccomp`.

Since there's already a 'Speculation_Store_Bypass' field, I used that
as precedent for adding this one.

[amistry@google.com: remove underscores from field name to workaround documentation issue]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201106131015.v2.1.I7782b0cedb705384a634cfd8898eb7523562da99@changeid

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201030172731.1.I7782b0cedb705384a634cfd8898eb7523562da99@changeid
Signed-off-by: Anand K Mistry <amistry@google.com>
Cc: Anthony Steinhauser <asteinhauser@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Anand K Mistry <amistry@google.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexey Gladkov <gladkov.alexey@gmail.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

Documentation: document /proc api for arm64 MTE vm flags

Document that /proc/PID/smaps shows PROT_MTE settings in VmFlags.
Support for this was introduced in

commit 9f3419315f3cdc41a7318e4d50ba18

Documentation: document /proc api for arm64 MTE vm flags

Document that /proc/PID/smaps shows PROT_MTE settings in VmFlags.
Support for this was introduced in

commit 9f3419315f3cdc41a7318e4d50ba18a592b30c8c
arm64: mte: Add PROT_MTE support to mmap() and mprotect()

Signed-off-by: Szabolcs Nagy <szabolcs.nagy@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201106101940.5777-1-szabolcs.nagy@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

doc, mm: clarify /proc/<pid>/oom_score value range

The exported value includes oom_score_adj so the range is no [0, 1000] as
described in the previous section but rather [0, 2000]. Mention that fac

doc, mm: clarify /proc/<pid>/oom_score value range

The exported value includes oom_score_adj so the range is no [0, 1000] as
described in the previous section but rather [0, 2000]. Mention that fact
explicitly.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200709062603.18480-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

doc, mm: sync up oom_score_adj documentation

There are at least two notes in the oom section. The 3% discount for root
processes is gone since d46078b28889 ("mm, oom: remove 3% bonus for
CAP_SYS_AD

doc, mm: sync up oom_score_adj documentation

There are at least two notes in the oom section. The 3% discount for root
processes is gone since d46078b28889 ("mm, oom: remove 3% bonus for
CAP_SYS_ADMIN processes").

Likewise children of the selected oom victim are not sacrificed since
bbbe48029720 ("mm, oom: remove 'prefer children over parent' heuristic")

Drop both of them.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200709062603.18480-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst: copy-editing cleanup

Clean up Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst.

This is basically fixing lots of spelling, grammar, punctuation,
typos, spacing, consistency, s

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst: copy-editing cleanup

Clean up Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst.

This is basically fixing lots of spelling, grammar, punctuation,
typos, spacing, consistency, section numbering, and headings.

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/a5f126e6-d67a-154a-1c87-d8f07542a21c@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

docs: fs: proc.rst: convert a new chapter to ReST

A new chapter was added to proc.rst. Adjust the markups
to avoid this warning:

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst:2194: WARNING: Inconsistent lite

docs: fs: proc.rst: convert a new chapter to ReST

A new chapter was added to proc.rst. Adjust the markups
to avoid this warning:

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst:2194: WARNING: Inconsistent literal block quoting.

And to properly mark the code-blocks there.

Fixes: 37e7647a7212 ("docs: proc: add documentation for "hidepid=4" and "subset=pid" options and new mount behavior")
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/de67ec04a2e735f4450eb3ce966f7d80b9438244.1592895969.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

docs: fs: proc.rst: fix a warning due to a merge conflict

Changeset 424037b77519 ("mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps")
added a new parameter to a table. This causes Sphinx warnings,
bec

docs: fs: proc.rst: fix a warning due to a merge conflict

Changeset 424037b77519 ("mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps")
added a new parameter to a table. This causes Sphinx warnings,
because there's now an extra "-" at the wrong place:

/devel/v4l/docs/Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst:548: WARNING: Malformed table.
Text in column margin in table line 29.

== =======================================
rd readable
...
bt - arm64 BTI guarded page
== =======================================

Fixes: 424037b77519 ("mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps")
Fixes: c33e97efa9d9 ("docs: filesystems: convert proc.txt to ReST")
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/28c4f4c5c66c0fd7cbce83fe11963ea6154f1d47.1591137229.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

mm/writeback: discard NR_UNSTABLE_NFS, use NR_WRITEBACK instead

After an NFS page has been written it is considered "unstable" until a
COMMIT request succeeds. If the COMMIT fails, the page will be

mm/writeback: discard NR_UNSTABLE_NFS, use NR_WRITEBACK instead

After an NFS page has been written it is considered "unstable" until a
COMMIT request succeeds. If the COMMIT fails, the page will be
re-written.

These "unstable" pages are currently accounted as "reclaimable", either
in WB_RECLAIMABLE, or in NR_UNSTABLE_NFS which is included in a
'reclaimable' count. This might have made sense when sending the COMMIT
required a separate action by the VFS/MM (e.g. releasepage() used to
send a COMMIT). However now that all writes generated by ->writepages()
will automatically be followed by a COMMIT (since commit 919e3bd9a875
("NFS: Ensure we commit after writeback is complete")) it makes more
sense to treat them as writeback pages.

So this patch removes NR_UNSTABLE_NFS and accounts unstable pages in
NR_WRITEBACK and WB_WRITEBACK.

A particular effect of this change is that when
wb_check_background_flush() calls wb_over_bg_threshold(), the latter
will report 'true' a lot less often as the 'unstable' pages are no
longer considered 'dirty' (as there is nothing that writeback can do
about them anyway).

Currently wb_check_background_flush() will trigger writeback to NFS even
when there are relatively few dirty pages (if there are lots of unstable
pages), this can result in small writes going to the server (10s of
Kilobytes rather than a Megabyte) which hurts throughput. With this
patch, there are fewer writes which are each larger on average.

Where the NR_UNSTABLE_NFS count was included in statistics
virtual-files, the entry is retained, but the value is hard-coded as
zero. static trace points and warning printks which mentioned this
counter no longer report it.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: re-layout comment]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk warning]
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> [mm]
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87d06j7gqa.fsf@notabene.neil.brown.name
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

docs: filesystems: convert sharedsubtree.txt to ReST

- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add tabl

docs: filesystems: convert sharedsubtree.txt to ReST

- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add table markups;
- Add it to filesystems/index.rst

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/6692b8abc177130e9e53aace94117a2ad076cab5.1588021877.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

proc: use human-readable values for hidepid

The hidepid parameter values are becoming more and more and it becomes
difficult to remember what each new magic number means.

Backward compatibility is

proc: use human-readable values for hidepid

The hidepid parameter values are becoming more and more and it becomes
difficult to remember what each new magic number means.

Backward compatibility is preserved since it is possible to specify
numerical value for the hidepid parameter. This does not break the
fsconfig since it is not possible to specify a numerical value through
it. All numeric values are converted to a string. The type
FSCONFIG_SET_BINARY cannot be used to indicate a numerical value.

Selftest has been added to verify this behavior.

Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Gladkov <gladkov.alexey@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>

show more ...

docs: proc: add documentation for "hidepid=4" and "subset=pid" options and new mount behavior

Signed-off-by: Alexey Gladkov <gladkov.alexey@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.c

docs: proc: add documentation for "hidepid=4" and "subset=pid" options and new mount behavior

Signed-off-by: Alexey Gladkov <gladkov.alexey@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>

show more ...

docs: filesystems: convert proc.txt to ReST

This document has a nice format! Unfortunately, not exactly
ReST. So, several adjustments were required:

- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and secti

docs: filesystems: convert proc.txt to ReST

This document has a nice format! Unfortunately, not exactly
ReST. So, several adjustments were required:

- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add table markups;
- Add table captions;
- Add it to filesystems/index.rst.

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1d113d860188de416ca3b0b97371dc2195433d5b.1581955849.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

doc, mm: clarify /proc/<pid>/oom_score value range

The exported value includes oom_score_adj so the range is no [0, 1000] as
described in the previous section but rather [0, 2000]. Ment

doc, mm: clarify /proc/<pid>/oom_score value range

The exported value includes oom_score_adj so the range is no [0, 1000] as
described in the previous section but rather [0, 2000]. Mention that fact
explicitly.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200709062603.18480-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

doc, mm: sync up oom_score_adj documentation

There are at least two notes in the oom section. The 3% discount for root
processes is gone since d46078b28889 ("mm, oom: remove 3% bonus fo

doc, mm: sync up oom_score_adj documentation

There are at least two notes in the oom section. The 3% discount for root
processes is gone since d46078b28889 ("mm, oom: remove 3% bonus for
CAP_SYS_ADMIN processes").

Likewise children of the selected oom victim are not sacrificed since
bbbe48029720 ("mm, oom: remove 'prefer children over parent' heuristic")

Drop both of them.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200709062603.18480-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst: copy-editing cleanup

Clean up Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst.

This is basically fixing lots of spelling, grammar, punctuation,
typos, spa

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst: copy-editing cleanup

Clean up Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst.

This is basically fixing lots of spelling, grammar, punctuation,
typos, spacing, consistency, section numbering, and headings.

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/a5f126e6-d67a-154a-1c87-d8f07542a21c@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

docs: fs: proc.rst: convert a new chapter to ReST

A new chapter was added to proc.rst. Adjust the markups
to avoid this warning:

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst:2194:

docs: fs: proc.rst: convert a new chapter to ReST

A new chapter was added to proc.rst. Adjust the markups
to avoid this warning:

Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst:2194: WARNING: Inconsistent literal block quoting.

And to properly mark the code-blocks there.

Fixes: 37e7647a7212 ("docs: proc: add documentation for "hidepid=4" and "subset=pid" options and new mount behavior")
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/de67ec04a2e735f4450eb3ce966f7d80b9438244.1592895969.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

docs: fs: proc.rst: fix a warning due to a merge conflict

Changeset 424037b77519 ("mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps")
added a new parameter to a table. This causes Sphinx w

docs: fs: proc.rst: fix a warning due to a merge conflict

Changeset 424037b77519 ("mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps")
added a new parameter to a table. This causes Sphinx warnings,
because there's now an extra "-" at the wrong place:

/devel/v4l/docs/Documentation/filesystems/proc.rst:548: WARNING: Malformed table.
Text in column margin in table line 29.

== =======================================
rd readable
...
bt - arm64 BTI guarded page
== =======================================

Fixes: 424037b77519 ("mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps")
Fixes: c33e97efa9d9 ("docs: filesystems: convert proc.txt to ReST")
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/28c4f4c5c66c0fd7cbce83fe11963ea6154f1d47.1591137229.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

show more ...

Merge branch 'proc-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace

Pull proc updates from Eric Biederman:
"This has four sets of changes:

- m

Merge branch 'proc-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace

Pull proc updates from Eric Biederman:
"This has four sets of changes:

- modernize proc to support multiple private instances

- ensure we see the exit of each process tid exactly

- remove has_group_leader_pid

- use pids not tasks in posix-cpu-timers lookup

Alexey updated proc so each mount of proc uses a new superblock. This
allows people to actually use mount options with proc with no fear of
messing up another mount of proc. Given the kernel's internal mounts
of proc for things like uml this was a real problem, and resulted in
Android's hidepid mount options being ignored and introducing security
issues.

The rest of the changes are small cleanups and fixes that came out of
my work to allow this change to proc. In essence it is swapping the
pids in de_thread during exec which removes a special case the code
had to handle. Then updating the code to stop handling that special
case"

* 'proc-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace:
proc: proc_pid_ns takes super_block as an argument
remove the no longer needed pid_alive() check in __task_pid_nr_ns()
posix-cpu-timers: Replace __get_task_for_clock with pid_for_clock
posix-cpu-timers: Replace cpu_timer_pid_type with clock_pid_type
posix-cpu-timers: Extend rcu_read_lock removing task_struct references
signal: Remove has_group_leader_pid
exec: Remove BUG_ON(has_group_leader_pid)
posix-cpu-timer: Unify the now redundant code in lookup_task
posix-cpu-timer: Tidy up group_leader logic in lookup_task
proc: Ensure we see the exit of each process tid exactly once
rculist: Add hlists_swap_heads_rcu
proc: Use PIDTYPE_TGID in next_tgid
Use proc_pid_ns() to get pid_namespace from the proc superblock
proc: use named enums for better readability
proc: use human-readable values for hidepid
docs: proc: add documentation for "hidepid=4" and "subset=pid" options and new mount behavior
proc: add option to mount only a pids subset
proc: instantiate only pids that we can ptrace on 'hidepid=4' mount option
proc: allow to mount many instances of proc in one pid namespace
proc: rename struct proc_fs_info to proc_fs_opts

show more ...

Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
"A few little subsystems and a start of a lot of MM patches.

Subsystems affected by this patch ser

Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
"A few little subsystems and a start of a lot of MM patches.

Subsystems affected by this patch series: squashfs, ocfs2, parisc,
vfs. With mm subsystems: slab-generic, slub, debug, pagecache, gup,
swap, memcg, pagemap, memory-failure, vmalloc, kasan"

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (128 commits)
kasan: move kasan_report() into report.c
mm/mm_init.c: report kasan-tag information stored in page->flags
ubsan: entirely disable alignment checks under UBSAN_TRAP
kasan: fix clang compilation warning due to stack protector
x86/mm: remove vmalloc faulting
mm: remove vmalloc_sync_(un)mappings()
x86/mm/32: implement arch_sync_kernel_mappings()
x86/mm/64: implement arch_sync_kernel_mappings()
mm/ioremap: track which page-table levels were modified
mm/vmalloc: track which page-table levels were modified
mm: add functions to track page directory modifications
s390: use __vmalloc_node in stack_alloc
powerpc: use __vmalloc_node in alloc_vm_stack
arm64: use __vmalloc_node in arch_alloc_vmap_stack
mm: remove vmalloc_user_node_flags
mm: switch the test_vmalloc module to use __vmalloc_node
mm: remove __vmalloc_node_flags_caller
mm: remove both instances of __vmalloc_node_flags
mm: remove the prot argument to __vmalloc_node
mm: remove the pgprot argument to __vmalloc
...

show more ...

mm/writeback: discard NR_UNSTABLE_NFS, use NR_WRITEBACK instead

After an NFS page has been written it is considered "unstable" until a
COMMIT request succeeds. If the COMMIT fails, the

mm/writeback: discard NR_UNSTABLE_NFS, use NR_WRITEBACK instead

After an NFS page has been written it is considered "unstable" until a
COMMIT request succeeds. If the COMMIT fails, the page will be
re-written.

These "unstable" pages are currently accounted as "reclaimable", either
in WB_RECLAIMABLE, or in NR_UNSTABLE_NFS which is included in a
'reclaimable' count. This might have made sense when sending the COMMIT
required a separate action by the VFS/MM (e.g. releasepage() used to
send a COMMIT). However now that all writes generated by ->writepages()
will automatically be followed by a COMMIT (since commit 919e3bd9a875
("NFS: Ensure we commit after writeback is complete")) it makes more
sense to treat them as writeback pages.

So this patch removes NR_UNSTABLE_NFS and accounts unstable pages in
NR_WRITEBACK and WB_WRITEBACK.

A particular effect of this change is that when
wb_check_background_flush() calls wb_over_bg_threshold(), the latter
will report 'true' a lot less often as the 'unstable' pages are no
longer considered 'dirty' (as there is nothing that writeback can do
about them anyway).

Currently wb_check_background_flush() will trigger writeback to NFS even
when there are relatively few dirty pages (if there are lots of unstable
pages), this can result in small writes going to the server (10s of
Kilobytes rather than a Megabyte) which hurts throughput. With this
patch, there are fewer writes which are each larger on average.

Where the NR_UNSTABLE_NFS count was included in statistics
virtual-files, the entry is retained, but the value is hard-coded as
zero. static trace points and warning printks which mentioned this
counter no longer report it.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: re-layout comment]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk warning]
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> [mm]
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87d06j7gqa.fsf@notabene.neil.brown.name
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

show more ...

Merge tag 'docs-5.8' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"A fair amount of stuff this time around, dominated by yet another
massive set fro

Merge tag 'docs-5.8' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"A fair amount of stuff this time around, dominated by yet another
massive set from Mauro toward the completion of the RST conversion. I
*really* hope we are getting close to the end of this. Meanwhile,
those patches reach pretty far afield to update document references
around the tree; there should be no actual code changes there. There
will be, alas, more of the usual trivial merge conflicts.

Beyond that we have more translations, improvements to the sphinx
scripting, a number of additions to the sysctl documentation, and lots
of fixes"

* tag 'docs-5.8' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (130 commits)
Documentation: fixes to the maintainer-entry-profile template
zswap: docs/vm: Fix typo accept_threshold_percent in zswap.rst
tracing: Fix events.rst section numbering
docs: acpi: fix old http link and improve document format
docs: filesystems: add info about efivars content
Documentation: LSM: Correct the basic LSM description
mailmap: change email for Ricardo Ribalda
docs: sysctl/kernel: document unaligned controls
Documentation: admin-guide: update bug-hunting.rst
docs: sysctl/kernel: document ngroups_max
nvdimm: fixes to maintainter-entry-profile
Documentation/features: Correct RISC-V kprobes support entry
Documentation/features: Refresh the arch support status files
Revert "docs: sysctl/kernel: document ngroups_max"
docs: move locking-specific documents to locking/
docs: move digsig docs to the security book
docs: move the kref doc into the core-api book
docs: add IRQ documentation at the core-api book
docs: debugging-via-ohci1394.txt: add it to the core-api book
docs: fix references for ipmi.rst file
...

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docs: filesystems: convert sharedsubtree.txt to ReST

- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks

docs: filesystems: convert sharedsubtree.txt to ReST

- Add a SPDX header;
- Adjust document and section titles;
- Some whitespace fixes and new line breaks;
- Mark literal blocks as such;
- Add table markups;
- Add it to filesystems/index.rst

Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/6692b8abc177130e9e53aace94117a2ad076cab5.1588021877.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

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Merge branch 'for-next/bti-user' into for-next/bti

Merge in user support for Branch Target Identification, which narrowly
missed the cut for 5.7 after a late ABI concern.

* for-

Merge branch 'for-next/bti-user' into for-next/bti

Merge in user support for Branch Target Identification, which narrowly
missed the cut for 5.7 after a late ABI concern.

* for-next/bti-user:
arm64: bti: Document behaviour for dynamically linked binaries
arm64: elf: Fix allnoconfig kernel build with !ARCH_USE_GNU_PROPERTY
arm64: BTI: Add Kconfig entry for userspace BTI
mm: smaps: Report arm64 guarded pages in smaps
arm64: mm: Display guarded pages in ptdump
KVM: arm64: BTI: Reset BTYPE when skipping emulated instructions
arm64: BTI: Reset BTYPE when skipping emulated instructions
arm64: traps: Shuffle code to eliminate forward declarations
arm64: unify native/compat instruction skipping
arm64: BTI: Decode BYTPE bits when printing PSTATE
arm64: elf: Enable BTI at exec based on ELF program properties
elf: Allow arch to tweak initial mmap prot flags
arm64: Basic Branch Target Identification support
ELF: Add ELF program property parsing support
ELF: UAPI and Kconfig additions for ELF program properties

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proc: use human-readable values for hidepid

The hidepid parameter values are becoming more and more and it becomes
difficult to remember what each new magic number means.

Backwa

proc: use human-readable values for hidepid

The hidepid parameter values are becoming more and more and it becomes
difficult to remember what each new magic number means.

Backward compatibility is preserved since it is possible to specify
numerical value for the hidepid parameter. This does not break the
fsconfig since it is not possible to specify a numerical value through
it. All numeric values are converted to a string. The type
FSCONFIG_SET_BINARY cannot be used to indicate a numerical value.

Selftest has been added to verify this behavior.

Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Gladkov <gladkov.alexey@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>

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